Sibilant consonant sounds online. Literacy lesson "hissing consonants"
The Russian language has 21 consonants and 36 consonant sounds. Consonant letters and their corresponding consonant sounds:
b - [b], c - [c], g - [g], d - [d], g - [g], j - [th], z - [z], k - [k], l - [l], m - [m], n - [n], p - [p], p - [p], s - [s], t - [t], f - [f], x - [x ], c - [c], ch - [ch], sh - [sh], shch - [sch].
Consonant sounds are divided into voiced and voiceless, hard and soft. They are paired and unpaired. There are a total of 36 different combinations of consonants by pairing and unpairing, hard and soft, voiceless and voiced: voiceless - 16 (8 soft and 8 hard), voiced - 20 (10 soft and 10 hard).
Scheme 1. Consonants and consonant sounds of the Russian language.
Hard and soft consonants
Consonants are hard and soft. They are divided into paired and unpaired. Paired hard and paired soft consonants help us distinguish between words. Compare: horse [kon’] - kon [kon], bow [bow] - hatch [l’uk].
For understanding, let’s explain it “on the fingers”. If the consonant is in in different words means either a soft or hard sound, then the sound refers to pairs. For example, in the word cat the letter k denotes a hard sound [k], in the word whale the letter k denotes a soft sound [k’]. We get: [k] - [k’] form a pair according to hardness and softness. Sounds for different consonants cannot be classified as a pair, for example [v] and [k’] do not form a pair in terms of hardness-softness, but they do form a pair [v]-[v’]. If a consonant sound is always hard or always soft, then it belongs to unpaired consonants. For example, the sound [zh] is always hard. There are no words in the Russian language where it would be soft [zh’]. Since there is no pair [zh]-[zh’], it is classified as unpaired.
Voiced and voiceless consonants
Consonant sounds are voiced and unvoiced. Thanks to voiced and voiceless consonants, we distinguish words. Compare: ball - heat, count - goal, house - volume. Voiceless consonants are pronounced with the mouth almost covered when pronouncing them. vocal cords does not work. Voiced consonants require more air, the vocal cords work.
Some consonant sounds have a similar sound in the way they are pronounced, but are pronounced with different tonality - dull or voiced. Such sounds are combined in pairs and form a group of paired consonants. Accordingly, paired consonants are a pair of a voiceless and a voiced consonant.
- paired consonants: b-p, v-f, g-k, d-t, z-s, zh-sh.
- unpaired consonants: l, m, n, r, y, c, x, h, shch.
Sonorant, noisy and sibilant consonants
Sonorants are voiced unpaired consonant sounds. There are 9 sonorant sounds: [y’], [l], [l’], [m], [m’], [n], [n’], [r], [r’].
Noisy consonant sounds are voiced and unvoiced:
- Noisy voiceless consonants (16): [k], [k"], [p], [p"], [s], [s"], [t], [t"], [f], [f "], [x], [x'], [ts], [h'], [w], [w'];
- Noisy voiced consonant sounds (11): [b], [b'], [v], [v'], [g], [g'], [d], [d'], [g], [z ], [z'].
Hissing consonant sounds (4): [zh], [ch’], [sh], [sch’].
Paired and unpaired consonants
Consonant sounds (soft and hard, voiceless and voiced) are divided into paired and unpaired. The tables above show the division. Let's summarize everything with a diagram:
Scheme 2. Paired and unpaired consonant sounds. To be able to do phonetic analysis, in addition to consonant sounds, you need to know
Zh, Sh, Ch, Shch – hissing consonant sounds.Ж, Ш – hard consonant sounds.
Ch, Shch are soft consonant sounds.
ZHI – SHI - write with the letter I.
CHA – SHA
And there are reeds on the river
Past the field, past the rye
Prickly hedgehogs walked by.
ma ka
n ran
lan ru
d 
and ly
shi shi
and 
And
PEERS
RUBBS
BABIES REEDS
HUTS
QUIET
CONES
LILY OF THE LILY
FRAGRANT
CAR
OVERCOAT
HUSBANDS
SIZHI
UZHI
LIVE
BE FRIENDS
CIRCLE
SWIFT
LIVE
SKIS
SNOWFLAKE
PREPOSITIONS- IN, ON, IN, WITH, FROM, ABOVE, UNDER, BY, TO, FROM, WITHOUT, TO, U, ABOUT, ABOUT, ABOUT, FOR.
Selective dictation.
The lake slumbers in silence.
Reflections live in it,
Slumbers with his head down.
Selective dictation.
Write down words with the combination zhi-shi.
The lake slumbers in silence.
Reflections live in it,
The clouds are floating in the lake,
Pine forest, slightly alive,
Slumbers with his head down.
Selective dictation.
Write down words with the combination zhi-shi.
The lake slumbers in silence.
Reflections live in it,
The clouds are floating in the lake,
Pine forest, slightly alive,
Slumbers with his head down.
Selective dictation.
Write down words with the combination zhi-shi.
The lake slumbers in silence.
Reflections live in it,
The clouds are floating in the lake,
Pine forest, slightly alive,
Slumbers with his head down.
Selective dictation.
Write down words with the combination zhi-shi.
The lake slumbers in silence.
Reflections live in it,
The clouds are floating in the lake,
Pine forest, slightly alive,
Slumbers with his head down.
Selective dictation.
Write down words with the combination zhi-shi.
The lake slumbers in silence.
Reflections live in it,
The clouds are floating in the lake,
Pine forest, slightly alive,
Slumbers with his head down.
Selective dictation.
Write down words with the combination zhi-shi.
The lake slumbers in silence.
Reflections live in it,
The clouds are floating in the lake,
Pine forest, slightly alive,
Slumbers with his head down.
Selective dictation.
Write down words with the combination zhi-shi.
The lake slumbers in silence.
Reflections live in it,
The clouds are floating in the lake,
Pine forest, slightly alive,
Slumbers with his head down.
offers.
cat, Tishka, lived, Misha.
fragrant, meadow, on, grass.
Vera, skis, y, new.
fluffy, swirling, snowflakes.
pears, babies, juicy, ate.
offers.
cat, Tishka, lived, Misha.
fragrant, meadow, on, grass.
Vera, skis, y, new.
pears, babies, juicy, ate.
We are flying..., nimble stri..., prickly e..., thick kama..., colored karanda..., long y....
1. Compose and write down from words
offers.
cat, Tishka, lived, Misha.
fragrant, meadow, on, grass.
Vera, skis, y, new.
fluffy, swirling, snowflakes.
pears, babies, juicy, ate.
We are flying..., nimble stri..., prickly e..., thick kama..., colored karanda..., long y....
1. Compose and write down from words
offers.
cat, Tishka, lived, Misha.
fragrant, meadow, on, grass.
Vera, skis, y, new.
fluffy, swirling, snowflakes.
pears, babies, juicy, ate.
We are flying..., nimble stri..., prickly e..., thick kama..., colored karanda..., long y....
1. Compose and write down from words
offers.
cat, Tishka, lived, Misha.
fragrant, meadow, on, grass.
Vera, skis, y, new.
fluffy, swirling, snowflakes.
pears, babies, juicy, ate.
We are flying..., nimble stri..., prickly e..., thick kama..., colored karanda..., long y....
1. Compose and write down from words
offers.
cat, Tishka, lived, Misha.
fragrant, meadow, on, grass.
Vera, skis, y, new.
fluffy, swirling, snowflakes.
pears, babies, juicy, ate.
We are flying..., nimble stri..., prickly e..., thick kama..., colored karanda..., long y....
1. Compose and write down from words
offers.
cat, Tishka, lived, Misha.
fragrant, meadow, on, grass.
Vera, skis, y, new.
fluffy, swirling, snowflakes.
pears, babies, juicy, ate.
We are flying..., nimble stri..., prickly e..., thick kama..., colored karanda..., long y....
Determine how many sentences are in the text. Write, correctly marking the beginning and end of sentences.
Determine how many sentences are in the text. Write correctly marking the beginning and end of sentences.
1. Compose and write down from words
offers.
cat, Tishka, lived, Misha.
fragrant, meadow, on, grass.
Vera, skis, y, new.
fluffy, swirling, snowflakes.
pears, babies, juicy, ate.
We are flying..., nimble stri..., prickly e..., thick kama..., colored karanda..., long y....
Determine how many sentences are in the text. Write correctly marking the beginning and end of sentences.
Determine how many sentences are in the text. Write correctly marking the beginning and end of sentences.
Determine how many sentences are in the text. Write correctly marking the beginning and end of sentences.
Determine how many sentences are in the text. Write correctly marking the beginning and end of sentences.
Determine how many sentences are in the text. Write correctly marking the beginning and end of sentences.
Selective dictation.
Selective dictation.
Shura was stirring up the hay. Hedgehogs live in burrows. There are empty cones under the tree. There are knives on the table. The rosehip bush is blooming.
Selective dictation.
Shura was stirring up the hay. Hedgehogs live in burrows. There are empty cones under the tree. There are knives on the table. The rosehip bush is blooming.
Selective dictation.
Shura was stirring up the hay. Hedgehogs live in burrows. There are empty cones under the tree. There are knives on the table. The rosehip bush is blooming.
Selective dictation.
Shura was stirring up the hay. Hedgehogs live in burrows. There are empty cones under the tree. There are knives on the table. The rosehip bush is blooming.
Selective dictation.
Shura was stirring up the hay. Hedgehogs live in burrows. There are empty cones under the tree. There are knives on the table. The rosehip bush is blooming.
Selective dictation.
Shura was stirring up the hay. Hedgehogs live in burrows. There are empty cones under the tree. There are knives on the table. The rosehip bush is blooming.
Selective dictation.
Shura was stirring up the hay. Hedgehogs live in burrows. There are empty cones under the tree. There are knives on the table. The rosehip bush is blooming.
What words are hidden here?
BAYWORO
WAKORO
COYABLO
DIYAGO
KASORO
KASOBA
KOMOLO
TAKAPUS
TALOP
She invited eight seagulls: She scrubbed the bottom with a brush,
Selective dictation.
How many seagulls, answer? She treated me quickly.
Selective dictation.
Write down only words with the combinations cha - sha, chu - schu.
The seagull heated the kettle, the pike lived in the lake,
She invited eight seagulls: She swept the bottom with a brush,
Come everyone for tea! I cooked cabbage soup for the guests,
How many seagulls, answer? She treated me quickly.
Selective dictation.
Write down only words with the combinations cha - sha, chu - schu.
The seagull heated the kettle, the pike lived in the lake,
She invited eight seagulls: She swept the bottom with a brush,
Come everyone for tea! I cooked cabbage soup for the guests,
How many seagulls, answer? She treated me quickly.
Selective dictation.
Write down only words with the combinations cha - sha, chu - schu.
The seagull heated the kettle, the pike lived in the lake,
She invited eight seagulls: She swept the bottom with a brush,
Come everyone for tea! I cooked cabbage soup for the guests,
How many seagulls, answer? She treated me quickly.
Selective dictation.
Write down only words with the combinations cha - sha, chu - schu.
The seagull heated the kettle, the pike lived in the lake,
She invited eight seagulls: She swept the bottom with a brush,
Come everyone for tea! I cooked cabbage soup for the guests,
LE JOY
P O D N O S
S K O V O R O D A
POT
MUG
B L Y D C E
Once upon a time, almost at the very end of the ABC, there were four hissing letters: H, C, W And SCH. The oldest among them was the letter Sh. She was all w rough, a little w blatant, mostly talked w that's why she loved to dress in w woolen things.
She had a sister - letter SCH- creepy sch he's a hotshot and a fashionista. She wore bracelets not only on both hands, but also on sch ankles and ankles. She has eyebrows sch with her fingers she plucked it into a thin thread, and for sch I didn't regret the blush. She often sch urilas because she had poor vision, and she was embarrassed to wear glasses. She was very cheerful and mischievous: constantly sch fuck yes sch I was tired. Letter SCH I didn't want to be like mine older sister, and so I gave myself a ponytail. She loved with this ponytail sch scribble a letter Sh, and that one w gasped at her and angrily w sang, wrapped in w al:
Well, that's enough already w duck and w or else I'll make you pay w traffic!
Letter sch sch she laughed and laughed, but then she felt sorry for her sister, she sch kissed her, kissed her sch Christmas tree and sincerely wished her " sch astya."
There were also letters Sh her quirks and preferences, for example, for some reason she really didn’t like the letter Y:
What kind of letter is this? - w she fiddled with other letters. “She’s always just small, never big, with an unpleasant thick belly, and even rests on a stick!” No, I personally will never be close to her, it’s just unpleasant for me!
But what can we do? - other letters tried to persuade her. - You never know how we treat whom, but in different words we have to stand next to each other. This is our job! That's why we
We exist to form different words. For example, in the word SHYSHKA you'll have to stand next to Y.
Never! - the letter became stubborn Sh. - Let the letter be better with me AND costs. I like her, she looks a little like me, only she has two legs, and I have three... With a letter AND I agree to stand next to you in any words!
But this is impossible! - other letters began to be indignant! - After all, in this word, and in others, for example: Shyr, Shyna, Shyfr the letter is clearly heard Y, which means she should be standing next to you.
But I don’t want that’s all! - the letter persisted Sh.
No matter how much the other letters tried to persuade her, nothing helped. Moreover, the letter AND began to support her:
I like the letter too Y I do not like! - she said. - And I, like Sh I will stand next to only the letter AND in all words where it should be Y, For example: Life, Life, Art...
And since the letter AND stood in the first ten letters of the Alphabet and her voice was much louder than that of Sh, the two of them managed to insist on their own. Then I had to come up with a special rule for all writers:
« In all words, the syllables ZHI and SHI are written only with the letter I!”
This is how two stubborn letters achieved their goal.
And the letter SCH there was a daughter - letter C. Outwardly, she was very similar to her mother: exactly the same tail, only not three legs, but two, but her character was completely different: she considered herself ts the center of the world and very ts ennaya .
This was her mother's fault, who constantly ts talked to her and called her
little daughter "C Arevnoy." How the letter later repented of this SCH, because her grown daughter became for her ts her problem: she was disobedient, capricious and capricious.
Letter C was bright orange ts Veta, loved it very much ts vets and tan ts s. She also loved with her tail ts grab adjacent vowels.
She had ts spruce in life - to please the young and slender G. Seeing it in the next word, she simply ts ecstatic.
My C Ezar! - she whispered, and G did not pay any attention to her, and never stood next to her.
Hearing that the letters Sh And AND refused to stand next to the letter Y, the letter C stated:
I don't like the letter either Y and in words CIRC, CYLINDER, TSYNOVKA I'll just stand
with a letter AND!
Mother sch she hit her on the back of the head with her tail:
- SCH ac! First, grow up, and then make your demands! And anyway sch yeah, you can't be like that sch disgusting. Must be sch Better yet, make friends with all the letters: you never know in which words you will have to stand next to each other!
What should I do now? ts make out with her? - was indignant C. - Here is my aunt - letter Sh- managed to insist on her own, and why am I worse than her? I might even ts luscious!..
What's special about you? - sch Mom rolled her eyes. - Thin as sch fuck! Only for you sch iptsami
work!
Do you want me to ts Was your cellulite like? - the letter snapped at his mother C, And ts Eagerly continued to insist on her point.
At the general meeting of the ABC letters, everyone had to discuss this issue and, in the end, decided to give in a little to the letter C. I had to accept a new rule:
At the beginning of a word, after the letter C, always write the letter I, except for a few words that need to be remembered, and at the end of a word, after the letter C, the letter Y is always written.
This means that if you want to be considered a literate person, you need to write CI RK, CI LINDR and CI FRA, but SHIP TSY and SMOKE TSY.
And from the words that need to be remembered, they made up a funny phrase:
"TSYgan entered TSY kidneys, said TSY film: TSYts ! »
Each letter has its own character, its own habits, its own friends... The letter SCH had a bosom friend - letter Ch. Among friends, as a rule, one is the ringleader, and the second obeys him or tries to imitate him. It was exactly the same with letters H And SCH: at H was more a strong character, so she commanded the letter SCH, who was softer, but wanted to look fashionable and
to be respected among other letters, although she was not very successful in this. A letter H and in ABC she tried to establish her own rules. She didn't like letters I And YU, didn’t want to
words they stood after her, and, looking at her, and the letter SCH began to demand that after her they stand only A or U. This is how the rule came about:
Syllables CHA and SHA always written with a letter A.
Syllables CHU and SHCHU always written with a letter U.
Letter H was very h sensitive, and to her n liked two at once To avalera: To handsome and To cultural To avaler letter TO And n hedgehog and n a little n terrestrial - N. Standing next to them in some word, letter H h I felt this in myself n tenderness, To mouthiness and softness that To categorically refused the soft sign softening their union.
- N“It’s so good together,” she said, “ h then anyone seeing us will feel n my softness, n tenderness and love.
Poor letter SCH always looked with envy at her close neighbor and with sch excruciating pain in
I thought in my heart that some people have two boyfriends, while others end up with random letters all their lives. She even once asked for a letter H make her sch a smart gift: give any of the two gentlemen. H h I sincerely admitted h then she can't burn h any of h good friends.
- H then for h amazing offer! - h She often exclaimed, batting her eyelashes. - H what are you offering me?!
Letter SCH understood everything sch the awkwardness of this situation, but she so wanted to press her back against n the secure back of a friend, without leaving any sch Christmas trees for other letters.
Oh please! - affectionately sch the letter was urled SCH.- Otherwise I’ll start you sch fuck off!
Well, I don’t know... - the letter hesitated Ch. - TO I To I love turnip, n about and N such n stable, n a little even n awesome... Well, if you want, stand next to him.
SCH immediately happy for sch fucked and happily pressed against n a little n the bewildered N. She
immediately announced to all the letters that she had N- love, and asks for extraneous letters, including soft sign, n don't disturb them.
And now everyone writing had to remember that in combinations CHK, CHN, LF, SHCHN and NSCH in words such as “before chk a", "whether chn y", "bly LF ik" "kame" nsch ik", "help schn ik" although a soft sign is heard, but write it no need!
The letter didn't want anything SCH keep up with your girlfriend H, tried to imitate her in everything, therefore, having learned that the letter H often appears in the suffix - chick , letter SCH I began to ask her to sometimes replace her. Letter H I thought a little and decided:
Okay, I'll stand after the letter D, because I like him - he is kind. Then after the letter T- because he is the letter's nephew D. More after the letters Z And WITH- because you can’t tell them when one of them is in a word, because the letter Z constantly asking for failsafe WITH replace it in different words. Well, and perhaps after the letter AND, because it’s better not to mess with her... Well, in other cases, so be it, you become. After all, we are friends! I don't feel sorry for anything for you!
So all writers have to remember one more spelling rule:
in suffixes - chik - and - shchik - nouns
-h ik - written after D, T, Z, S, F:
for example: translation DC ik, re AF ik, interrupt ZhCh ik.
-sch ik - after all other consonants: kame NSCH ik, pi FLICE ik.
It turns out that the rules of grammar in Russian depend on the nature of the letters and their mood.
In this article we will talk about consonant sounds, their quantity, types (soft, hard, voiceless and voiced) and other features and interesting facts.
There are 33 letters in the Russian language, of which 21 are consonants:
b - [b], c - [c], g - [g], d - [d], g - [g], j - [th], z - [z],
k - [k], l - [l], m - [m], n - [n], p - [p], p - [p], s - [s],
t - [t], f - [f], x - [x], c - [c], h - [h], w - [w], sch - [sch].
All named consonant letters represent 36 consonant sounds.
The Russian language also has 10 vowel letters and only 6 vowel sounds.
A total of 33 letters (10 vowels + 21 consonants + “ь” and “ъ”), denoting 42 sounds (6 vowels and 36 consonants), not all sounds of speech, but only the main ones.
The difference between the number of letters and sounds is due to the peculiarities of Russian writing, because, for example, hard and soft consonant sounds are indicated by one letter.
Consonant sounds are divided into:
- voiced and voiceless,
- hard and soft,
- paired and unpaired.
There are a total of 36 different combinations of consonants by pairing and unpairing, hard and soft, voiceless and voiced: voiceless - 16 (8 soft and 8 hard), voiced - 20 (10 soft and 10 hard).
Hard and soft consonants
Consonants are divided into hard and soft, this division is due to the difference in the position of the tongue when pronouncing them. When we pronounce soft consonants, then the middle back of the tongue is raised towards the hard palate. We also note that in addition to the fact that consonants are divided into hard and soft, they can be paired and unpaired.
For example, the letter “k” can denote both a hard sound [k], for example, in the word cat, and a soft sound [k`], for example, in the word glasses. We get that the sounds [k] and [k’] form a pair of hardness and softness. For consonant sounds that have a pair of hardness and softness, the following rule applies:
- consonants A sound is hard if it is followed by consonants: a, o, u, s, e;
- and is soft if it is followed by vowels: e, e, i, yu, i.
In the Russian language there are letters in which the sound they denote can only be hard ([ш], [ж], [ц]), or only soft ([й], [ч`], [ш`]). Such sounds do not belong to paired sounds, but are unpaired.
Voiceless and voiced consonants
Consonants are divided into voiced and voiceless sounds. In this case, voiceless consonants are pronounced with the mouth practically covered and the vocal cords do not work when pronouncing them. Voiced consonants require more air, and the vocal cords work when pronouncing them. That is, voiced consonants consist of noise and voice, and voiceless consonants consist only of noise.
Lifehack for determining the deafness or voicedness of consonants for schoolchildren
To determine whether a sound you encounter is dull or voiced, and children often have difficulty with this, you should cover your ears with your hands and pronounce the sound. When pronouncing dull sounds, they will be heard somewhere in the distance, but when pronouncing voiced sounds, your ears will actually ring! This way you can determine what sound was encountered. Especially during phonetic analysis of words.
Some consonant sounds are similar both in their sound and also in the way they are pronounced. However, such sounds are pronounced with different tonality, that is, either dull or loud. Such sounds are combined in pairs and form a group of paired consonants. There are 6 such pairs in total, each of them has a voiceless and a voiced consonant sound. The remaining consonants are unpaired.
- paired consonants: b-p, v-f, g-k, d-t, z-s, zh-sh.
- unpaired consonants: l, m, n, r, y, c, x, h, shch.
Sonorant, noisy, hissing and whistling consonants
In the Russian language, sonorant, noisy, as well as hissing and whistling consonant sounds are also distinguished. We will give a definition of each of the named types of consonants, and also list which consonants belong to one or another type.
Sonorant consonants
Sonorant consonants - these are voiced unpaired consonants.
There are 9 sonorant sounds in total: [y’], [l], [l’], [m], [m’], [n], [n’], [r], [r’].
Noisy consonants
Noisy consonant sounds are divided into voiced and voiceless. Voiceless noisy consonants include 16 sounds: [k], [k'], [p], [p'], [s], [s'], [t], [t'], [f], [f '], [x], [x'], [ts], [ch'], [sh], [sh'], and noisy voiced consonants include 11 sounds: [b], [b'], [ c], [v'], [g], [g'], [d], [d'], [g], [h], [z'].
Hissing consonants
There are a total of 4 hissing consonant sounds in the Russian language: [zh], [ch’], [sh], [sch’]. They all resemble hissing to the ear, which is why they are called hissing consonants.
Whistling consonants
Whistling consonant sounds [з] [з'] [с] [с'] [ц] are, in their pronunciation, front-lingual, fricative. When articulating hard sounds [z], [s] and [ts], the teeth are exposed, the tip of the tongue leans against the lower teeth, and the back of the tongue is slightly arched, the lateral edges of the tongue are pressed against the upper molars. The air passes through, creating frictional noise.
When articulating soft sounds [s'] and [z `], the same thing happens, but the back of the tongue rises to the hard palate.
When spoken sonorous sounds[z] and [z`] vocal cords are closed and vibrate, but the palatal curtain is raised.
Hissing consonant sounds - Textbook on the Russian language, grade 1 (Kanakina, Goretsky)
Short description:
Very often, the names of speech sounds are not given by chance. Vowels are so named because they are vocal. New topic in your Russian language textbook it’s called “Hissing consonants.” These are the sounds [w] and [zh], [sch’] and [h’]. And they really sizzle, don't they?! It turns out that they were given this name based on the principle of onomatopoeia. In the science of the Russian language they are classified as unpaired. But still they form two pairs with each other. Always solid unpaired [w] and [zh] are one pair. And always soft unpaired [sch’] and [h’] are different. Not only in their sound, but also in their character, these consonants stand out among others. We can say that they have a difficult character. Several rather difficult cases of spelling in Russian are associated with them. writing. You should take a closer look and listen to the hissing consonant sounds. Studying their character, understanding their characteristics means successfully coping with those rules that will need to be learned in the future. 
