Description of the walnut tree (with photo and video). Description of walnut tree (with photo and video) Tree with personalized nuts

tree with nuts

Alternative descriptions

The smell of wood from wines aged in new French oak barrels

A genus of coniferous evergreen trees of the pine family

Russian environmental movement

A coniferous tree feeding a man and a squirrel

Korean pine

Walnut tree

Coniferous tree, nut-bearing, oil-bearing

The novel by the Italian writer G. Deledda "Lebanese ..."

Since ancient times, this tree symbolizes fertility and abundance, and the Bible says that King Solomon built his castle out of it.

Callsign of Yuri Gagarin

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Tree on the coat of arms of Lebanon

Coniferous Lebanese ...

Callsign of Gagarin

Tree with cones

The Sumerian tree of life

Lebanese tree

Bonsai tree

Conifer tree

Walnut tree

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Siberian pine

Coniferous Siberian ...

Lebanese or Siberian

Siberian giant with midget nuts

Tree on the flag of Lebanon

The mighty taiga brother of the pine

Taiga handsome man with cones

Siberian antipode tropical. palm trees

Kindred of the pine

... "Coniferous" callsign of Yuri Gagarin

Taiga walnut

Taiga supplier of delicious nuts

Siberian giant with midget nuts.

Siberian hazel

Protein nuts

Coniferous tree with delicious nuts

Coniferous tree of the Siberian taiga

Valuable coniferous tree

Taiga giant

Relative of the pine

Coniferous tree with large needles

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Coniferous king of the Siberian taiga

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Pine tree

Siberian giant with small nuts

Coniferous nut tree

Coniferous evergreen tree of the pine family

... "PP-91" Dragunov

... "Coniferous" callsign of Yuri Gagarin

The tree loved by squirrels

What cabinets are made of so that moths do not start in them

M. is a coniferous tree that produces pine cones or nuts. Lebanese cedar, Pinus cedrus; siberian, setbra, meleda, pine nuts, fun. Red cedar, cedar heather, Spanish juniper, Juniperus oxycedrus. In the extreme north-east. there is also cedar slate or yernik. Kedrovnik m. Cedar forest. Kedrovik m. Sib. hazel grouse living in a cedar forest. Nutcracker walnut, crow bird, Nucifraga caryocataetes. Kedrovshchyna arch. holiday of collecting cedar cones, small fry

The novel by the Italian writer G. Deledda "Lebanese ..."

Siberian giant with midget nuts

Coniferous tree with nuts

Siberian giant with midget nuts.

Taiga walnut

The mighty taiga brother of the pine

Many inhabitants of the planet have probably tasted the amazingly delicious cashew nuts. But few people imagine how they are born and how the tree on which they grow actually looks like. The scientific name of the plant is Cashew (Anacardium, Indian nut). This tree is native to Brazil. Cashews are very fond of light and soil containing a high percentage of nutrients with good drainage. The maximum height that cashews reach is thirty meters. This plant can be safely attributed to centenarians, it can reach the age of one hundred years. They are planted with cashew seeds.

As already noted, under the conditions of the natural environment for this tree, it can reach a height of 30 meters. In other conditions, 13-15 meters. Cashew is an evergreen plant with a short trunk and rather low branches. The Indian walnut is the proud owner of a dense, spreading crown with a diameter of 11-13 meters.

Cashew leaves may look artificial, plastic. They are oval or egg-shaped, very dense, leathery. Their length reaches twenty-two centimeters, 15 centimeters wide.

Cashew inflorescences can hardly be called beautiful. The flowers are pale, greenish-pink in color, small, consisting of 5 thin petals with sharp tips, collected in a kind of panicle. The flowering of Indian walnut can be called long (several weeks), the reason is that the flowers do not bloom all at once, but in turn. Depending on climatic conditions, cashews can bloom up to three times a year, this tree alternates between periods of dormancy, vegetation and growth.

Cashew nuts

It is worth dwelling in more detail on the description of the Indian nut fruit. Outwardly, the fruit looks like a yellow or red Bulgarian pepper. The size of the fruit is quite large, the stalk is oval or pear-shaped, with a length of six to twelve centimeters. Under the stalk there is a fibrous pulp - yellow, very juicy with a sour taste, slightly knotting the mouth. This fruit formation is called pseudo-fruit or cashew apple. Countries that cultivate Indian walnut harvest about twenty-five thousand tons of such pseudo-fruits per year. They are good for food, they make excellent alcoholic drinks, delicious preserves, jams, juices and compotes. But the same famous cashew nut is located at the end at the end of the stalk or pseudo-fruit.

The nut looks like a comma or a small boxing glove. The fruit is hidden under the double protection of the shells, outer green and smooth, inner rough. It is under these shells that the nut itself is located, its average weight is one and a half grams.

As stated above, the Indian walnut comes from Brazil. There they have been cultivating this fruit tree since time immemorial. Now cashews are grown in about thirty-two countries of the world with a tropical climate.

Cashews are unpretentious in care. The main thing is warm and nutritious well-drained soil. Loves sun and light, but can grow in partial shade. It survives well in drought and high temperatures, but does not like cold and frost.

The cashew plant is popular in many countries, mostly for its fruits. The peculiarity of cashew nuts is that they are sold exclusively without shells. Because it is poisonous due to the phenolic resin content between the outer shell and the core, which causes burns when in contact with human skin. That is why, before the nuts go on sale, the shells are removed from them and high-quality processing is carried out for the complete disappearance of the poisonous oil.

The fruits are harvested from the tree after they are fully ripe. The process is absolutely simple: ripe fruit is plucked from the tree, the nut is separated from the pseudo-fruit, dried in the sun, then fried on metal sheets, after which the shell is carefully removed.

Application of cashew nuts

Cashew is a very healthy thing, it contains minerals. It is eaten both raw and fried, and is actively used in cooking. Indian nuts are an excellent addition to first and second courses, appetizers and salads, and they are also added to baked goods. Also, a wonderful butter is obtained from it, which is in no way inferior to peanut butter. Roasted nuts have a sweetish pleasant taste. When frying, salt is added to them to preserve the aroma.

Cashew nuts are truly unique: they are used even for medicinal purposes (they treat anemia, psoriasis, dystrophy, strengthen the immune system). By its composition, the Indian nut is a storehouse of essential nutrients. It contains proteins, starch, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals, fats, natural sugars, omega-3 fatty acids. If you eat cashew nuts in moderation and daily, the body will be enriched with all the necessary substances. Cashews have a high calorie content: 630 kcal per 100 grams of product.

The downside to cashews is that it can cause allergies. Therefore, people inclined to it should be especially careful to eat these nuts. The main symptoms are: itching, nausea, swelling, vomiting.

Nowadays, there is a huge selection of cashews on sale: roasted and unroasted nuts, whole and split. What should you pay attention to first of all? Of course, the appearance of the product and its smell. Naturally, there is no need to buy nuts that have a non-marketable look. They should be nice, smooth, without foreign odors. There are several nuances: this way, whole nuts are stored much longer than chopped ones (six months in the refrigerator, a year in the freezer). If the nut is kept warm for a long time, it becomes bitter and may even germinate.

A fair question arises, is it possible to grow such a useful curiosity at home? The answer is definitely yes. But you have to tinker: it is necessary to create conditions for the tree close to tropical: warm and humid. As noted above, cashews are propagated by seeds, which first need to germinate, for which they need to be placed in a container of water for two days. An important point is that the water with seeds should be changed twice a day, because poisonous juice seeps out of them, staining the water blue. This procedure is done very carefully with gloves to avoid getting burned.

Planting pots must be prepared in advance. The soil should not be heavy, on the contrary, nutritious and loose. One seed is planted in one pot. The first shoots of cashews will delight in two to three weeks. The pots should be placed in a well-lit area under the sun. It is imperative to monitor the temperature conditions, control the humidity of the air, regularly spray and water the plant. As a top dressing, it is recommended to use any universal one.

The growth of cashews is quite fast, so in the first years after planting, it is worthwhile to carry out procedures for pruning the tree. With good proper care, cashews can begin to bear fruit as early as the second or third year of life. For best yields, pruning is recommended in the fall, leaving only the trunk and skeletal branches.

When harvesting from a tree, all parts of the cashew nut are used for food. The nuts themselves undergo the necessary processing and are sent to various countries for sale. The pseudo-fruit is also used in the food industry. However, unlike the nut itself, it deteriorates very quickly due to the content of a large amount of tannin, therefore it cannot be transported. And you can taste this curiosity only in countries where cashews are directly grown.

In addition to nutritional value, this product carries others: for example, in Africa it is used for tattooing, in Brazil as an aphrodisiac. Cashews are good for treating colds and stomach upsets. In addition, the oil extracted from the shell is used in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. Also, this product is used for the manufacture of varnish, drying oil, rubber. Indian walnut wood is durable and resistant to decay processes, for this reason it is actively used in shipbuilding and furniture production.

Cashews have been cultivated since ancient times by the Tinoca Indians who lived in the territory of modern Brazil. They nicknamed cashews "yellow fruit", which is evident from the appearance.

In general, if you set a goal, then it is quite possible to grow a full-fledged cashew tree in a home greenhouse environment. The main thing is to provide it with proper care, atmosphere and care.

Cedar is a majestic, powerful tree. The height of the cedar is 40-42 meters, the thickness of the trunk is up to 2 meters. The needles are long, 7-15 centimeters, dark green or bright green. The cedar can live up to 500 years. The cones are large, the size of a large goose egg, ripen in the second year, fall off along with the seeds (“pine nuts”). Ripe nuts right on the tree can be obtained by birds (nutcrackers, crows), squirrels and chipmunks. The rest of the animals collect nuts on the ground after the cones fall. People collect cedar seeds, "nuts" for future use, this is a very tasty delicacy. A healing infusion against scurvy is made from cedar needles. Cedar wood is light, durable, beautiful, furniture is made from it. In addition, cedar wood is easy to cut in all directions, making it a valuable raw material for the production of pencils.

The main advantage of the Siberian cedar is its seeds (nuts). They are tasty, high in calories, and easy to digest. Nuts have a very high content of proteins and fats, as well as vitamins A, B, E, F, as well as a high content of many essential microelements.

The nutritional and healing properties of nuts are largely due to the qualitative composition of fats, proteins, and other substances contained in them. Fat of pine nuts differs from other fats in its high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially linoleic acid.

On the territory of the southern regions of our country, it is quite common.It is also found in the middle lane. The most valuable are frost-resistant varieties, which give a high yield and have better quality fruits. It is very profitable to cultivate this culture, since one walnut tree can provide the necessary amount of fruits for a whole year.

Appearance

Walnut is a tall tree with a spreading crown, branches are located almost at right angles. The mighty straight trunk, covered with light gray bark, can reach 2 meters in diameter. The tree of the walnut family has a fairly developed root system that spreads around 20 m.At mature age, when the plant is 80 years old, the roots reach a depth of 12 m.

Leaves of complex shape consist of five or even nine elongated leaves and have a peculiar smell. During flowering, which usually occurs in early May, the walnut tree looks very impressive. Male flowers of a greenish shade are collected in thick earrings, and female flowers are placed on the tops of branches in 2-3 pieces.

Begins to bear fruit in the 12th year of life. The largest harvest is given by a tree at the age of 50 - up to 250 kg of nuts. Round fruits ripen in August and weigh from 8 to 12 grams, depending on the variety and place of growth.

How to grow a tree from a nut

This is the most common way to grow walnut trees. The fruits are selected for this strong, with a thin shell and a tasty kernel. Nuts intended for spring planting need to be dried properly. To do this, first they are laid out in the sun, and then dried in a shaded place. It is not recommended to dry fruits near radiators.

Planting is carried out immediately to a permanent place, since the root of the tree quickly reaches a certain depth and its injury during transplantation can lead to the death of the plant. For planting, a fairly deep hole is dug - 1 m deep and the same in diameter. It is filled with soil mixture with rotted humus, thus creating a supply of nutrients for the future tree. Seeds are placed in the groove upward seam to a depth of 15-20 cm, 3-4 seeds in one hole.

Planting seedlings

Walnut seedlings take root best if planted in spring. This must be done very carefully so as not to damage the lateral roots. The taproot must be cut at a depth of 40 cm using a pruner, covering the cut with clay. The planting hole must be at least 60 cm deep. A layer of fertilizer is poured at the bottom of it, consisting of 150 g of superphosphate, 10 kg of humus and 50 g. A peg 1.5 m high must be installed in the pit to tie up the plant in the first months after planting. Walnut seedlings are set so that the root collar is slightly raised above the ground. Then the lateral roots are carefully straightened and covered with earth mixed with 1 kg of lime. After planting the seedling, the soil near it must be watered and mulched abundantly. When several plants are planted, the distance between them is 8-10 m.

Tree care

A young tree requires special attention in the first year of life. Regular watering, weeding and loosening are the main tasks of caring for it. Starting from the second year, they begin to form the crown, this process is completed by the time of fruiting. Pruning should be done very carefully, be sure to treat the wounds.It is also necessary to periodically monitor the health of the plant: remove diseased or broken branches in a timely manner, burn fallen leaves in the fall. In the spring, shortly before bud break, you can spray the tree with Bordeaux liquid to protect against diseases.

The walnut tree is considered, however, to tolerate excessive waterlogging of the soil poorly. Therefore, when watering, you should take into account both the characteristics of the soil and the amount of precipitation.

Disease protection

The main disease to which the walnut tree is susceptible is the fungal disease marsoniasis, or brown spot. Plants are especially susceptible to it in the rainy season. Spraying with fungicides is a good way to combat this disease, but it is very difficult to do this regularly if the tree is large enough. For the treatment of young trees, Bordeaux liquid or modern preparations sold in specialized stores are used. Spraying is carried out in two stages: before the buds begin to bloom and when signs of brown spot appear, the procedure is repeated after 25 days.

The benefits of walnuts

Nuts are considered an extremely valuable product, which contains a lot of nutrients. Their main field of application is confectionery and food industry. It is very beneficial to eat nuts in the winter season, when a lot of energy is consumed. For people after serious illnesses, as well as for children with stunted growth, nuts are recommended in combination with honey as a restorative food.

Walnuts have long been famous for their medicinal properties. A mixture of crushed fruits and figs was used in the old days as an antidote. is an excellent remedy for the healing of wounds and old ulcers, it is also used to treat conjunctivitis, inflammation of the middle ear. The property of nuts to improve digestion makes them a real dietary product.

Leaves, which have insecticidal properties, release substances that mosquitoes, midges, flies and other insects cannot tolerate. Therefore, the walnut tree can often be found not only in personal plots, but also in city gardens, squares, near houses.

Nuts have many health benefits. Despite the high calorie content, they are a must-have food even for those who want to lose weight. Not everyone knows the varieties of nuts, limited to the ability to distinguish hazelnuts from cashews or walnuts. Each nut variety is characterized by a large amount of nutrients. Eating all nuts is essential for maintaining a healthy body. Each of them contains a certain set of nutrients that a person needs. There are many recipes for all tastes that can contain nuts.

Pecans are one of the most valuable and healthy nuts

Varieties of nuts: general characteristics

Throughout the history of mankind, nuts have been the main component of the daily diet. Their main advantage is the presence of nutrients, which are the reason for the high calorie content of the product. Nuts are complete protein substitutes for vegetarians and those who follow a healthy diet. This is due to the fact that nuts have a better quality of fatty substance than animal products.

All types of nuts are grown in difficult conditions due to:

• intolerance to sudden temperature changes;
• exactingness to climate and weather;
• lack of fertility at low or high points compared to sea level;
• the need for a brightly consecrated room;
• the need for frequent watering;
• needs for fertilizing the land twice a year with high-quality mineral and phosphorus fertilizers.

There are real nut lovers who are involved in the cultivation of these trees. Farmers know that some species are endowed with more nutrients than fruits or vegetables. They have a long shelf life due to their thick rind. A list of what nuts are:

• cashew;
• hazelnut;
• walnut;
• Brazilian;
• water;
• cedar;
• cola;
• macadamia;
• nutmeg;
• pecan;
• pistachios, etc.

Eating a small handful of any of the above nuts every day is enough to maintain body fat levels. A great solution would be to combine them for a variety of meals.

After a week, you can see positive results: improved mood, easy awakening in the morning and falling asleep at night, no feeling of heaviness in the stomach, and others. In order to properly compose a diet on your own, you need to know what nuts exist and get acquainted with their properties.

Brazil and walnuts

Useful properties of cola nuts

Cola nuts grow on evergreen sterculi trees. Their average height is 15–20 meters. Outwardly, they resemble chestnuts due to their oblong leaves. During flowering, beautiful yellow flowers and star-shaped fruits appear.

Like other walnut trees, cola begins to bear fruit only after 10 years. Farmers who grow this variety average about 40-50 kg of nuts annually. Cola nuts contain more caffeine than coffee beans, so they increase the amount of energy. Studies of these nuts have shown that they affect the human body in the following ways:

• improve brain function;
• increase the level of concentration on the object;
• increase productivity;
• relieve stress and fatigue, etc.

Fresh cola seeds are loaded with water, proteins, fats, essential oils, cellulose, starch, theobromines, and more. They speed up the digestion of food in the stomach by increasing the amount of special acid. The use of cola nuts helps to cope with bronchial diseases, diarrhea, hepatitis, rheumatism.

Girls need to know that cola accelerates the growth of hair and nails, improving their quality and appearance. The oils do an excellent job of regenerating functions, making the skin smooth and elastic.

Cola nuts contain more caffeine than coffee

The use of cashews in cooking

This nut is never sold in the shell, which is different from other possible varieties. Due to the nature of the cultivation and the outer shell of the fruit, it is always served only after processing and cleaning from the shell.

Cashews are eaten raw and fried. Based on this characteristic, there are such differences between them:

1. Raw cashews are added to warm salads, fish dishes, desserts, sauces.
2. Roasted nuts have a pleasant sweetish flavor. They are a great ingredient in creams or aromatic sauces. They are used to decorate confectionery. The most popular by-product for frying is salt.

Another well-known use is processing into a sweet butter that tastes like peanut butter. The advantage is the low fat content compared to different nuts. This quality is very much appreciated by girls who are trying to lose weight.

Buy cashews with whole nuts. This will increase their shelf life. If they are sold in closed containers, they can be stored for about a month.

Cashews are allowed to be consumed even by allergy sufferers, because it has antibacterial, antiseptic and tonic properties.