Exercises for developing the memory of younger schoolchildren. How to quickly and easily remember text

We are all different, so our exam preparation strategies will be different. Start from your individual characteristics. If you are an auditory learner, read textbooks and notes out loud, if you are a kinesthetic learner, write from your notes and make an answer plan.

Another effective method is a mind map. This is a great way to structure information, refresh your knowledge and quickly understand the essence of the subject, even after a long time. We talked in more detail about how to make mental maps and how to work with them.

What questions should you teach first? If during the semester you have a good understanding of the subject, proceed to questions about which you have at least some idea.

If each new block cannot be understood without the previous one, then there is only one option: learn everything strictly in order.

It also makes sense to start with difficult questions and allocate enough time to study them. It's better to deal with them before you get tired and lose concentration. Leave easy questions for later.

And be consistent. Stick to your chosen strategy, even if you start to panic as the exam approaches.

Strive for understanding, not memorization

Delve into the ticket, and don’t try to memorize it. Memorization is a deliberately losing strategy, which also takes more time. Find logical connections in questions, come up with associations.

Of course, in every subject there is information that you need to know by heart: dates, formulas, definitions. But even them are easier to remember if you understand the logic.

Don’t tell the material in your own words, think about it so that the answer is more detailed.

“3–4–5” technique

A good method when you need to prepare for an exam in a short period of time. It will only take three days, but there is a lot of work to be done. Every day you need to work through all the material, but at a different level, constantly going deeper.

On the first day, you read your entire notes or training manual so that your knowledge on the subject, roughly speaking, gets involved. Conventionally, we believe that you can already pass the exam with a C grade.

On the second day, you deal with the same questions, but using the textbook to learn more details and subtleties. If you prepare diligently, you can already count on a four.

On the last day, you perfect your answers: repeat, fill in the blanks, memorize. After the third day, you are ready to pass the exam with flying colors.

Two days to study, one to review

The system is very simple: all the material needs to be divided into two equal parts and learned in two days. The third day is devoted entirely to repetition.

Set a time limit

You can delve into each topic for an infinitely long time, so don’t try to remember all the details. From a large chapter in a textbook, highlight the main ideas: structured material in a small volume is easier to perceive.

We divided all the tickets between classmates and each prepared a short summary of his part. If mutual assistance is not developed in your group, you can ask senior students for materials and cheat sheets.

Don't get stuck

If you feel like you're sitting on one question for too long, skip it. The best motivator when preparing is a timer. Decide how much time you can devote to one ticket, for example 30 minutes, and when the time is up, move on to the next one. Take a few hours before the exam to catch up on any questions you may have missed.

Make a plan to respond to a ticket.

Any, even the most extensive question can be described in a few words. Moreover, each thesis should evoke associations.

This plan can be quickly reviewed before the exam to get you in the right frame of mind. The three-sentence method is well known: write down the problem, the main idea and the conclusion for each question.

Study varies by subject

Not only you, but also the subject you are studying has individual characteristics. For example, exact sciences - physics - require practice. For the humanities, it is important to be able to process large amounts of information, remember dates, names, and definitions.

But, I repeat, you need to approach the study of any subject actively: delve into the question and strive for understanding.

The exam format is also important. If you are preparing for an oral exam, speak your future answers out loud. My favorite tactic is to narrate the material to someone at home or, when they are not enthusiastic, to myself in front of the mirror. It’s even better if someone not only listens to you, but also asks questions when something is not clear.

If you are preparing for testing, you should take a dozen standard tests, write down your mistakes, repeat problematic topics and solve everything again.

If the exam is written, you need to think about the structure of the answer in advance.

Get ready for two or three

Write down the most difficult topics in your opinion - the collective wisdom will help you deal with them faster. It is better to cooperate with classmates who are committed to studying, otherwise preparing for the exam can turn into an ordinary pleasant meeting with friendly conversations.

No, this does not mean that joking and relaxing are forbidden. Just remember the main purpose of the meeting.

Viktor Kiryanov/Unsplash.com

1. Take breaks. This will help you relax and sort out new information.
2. Turn off your phone, don't go on social networks, don't get close to the TV. If you can't handle the temptation, read about something with distractions.
3. Get enough sleep.
4. Don't forget about food: it will give your body additional strength. However, you shouldn't overeat. Usually, after an overly heavy lunch, you start to feel sleepy, and you don’t feel like studying at all.
5. Avoid negativity from other people. The atmosphere during classes should be as favorable as possible.
6. Don't rely too much on cheat sheets and the ability to cheat. And if you don’t know how to copy well (you must agree, you need to be able to do this too), you shouldn’t even start.
7. Set up a place for studying: bright, comfortable, with all the necessary materials at hand. The bed is not the most suitable option: there is a high probability of falling asleep on a boring topic.
8. Make bulleted lists: they are easier to remember.
9. Playing sports will help you distract yourself and stretch the muscles that have become stiff during prolonged sitting. You can also take your time and think about difficult questions while running, biking, or similar physical activity.
10. If you feel that you are not in the mood to study, start with the topic that seems most interesting to you. This will help you get into the groove.
11. Go in the evening. During preparation, nerves are usually on edge, so you need to relax a little.
12. Make a clear preparation plan.

OLYMPICS

5-6 grade

1. Mark the true statements

A. By doing physical exercise, any of you can become strong, fast,

dexterous and brave.

b. A passion for physical education will allow many of you to become

athletes.

V. Anyone involved in physical education can become famous

athlete.

G. By exercising regularly, everyone can learn quickly

run,

swim well, ski well, and confidently handle the ball.

2. Choose an appropriate sequence of exercises for your morning routine.

charging.

1. Jumping and slow walking with breathing exercises.

2. Walking with acceleration, turning into running.

3. Breathing exercises.

4. Stretching, shaking arms and legs

6. Exercises for leg muscles.

7. Exercises for the back muscles

8. Exercises for the muscles of the arms and neck.

9. Flexibility exercises.

10. Exercises for the abdominal and torso muscles.

A. 4, 9, 8, 1, 7, 5, 6, 10, 2, 3.

b. 1, 2, 4, 7, 9, 6, 10, 5, 6, 3.

V. 4, 5, 2, 3, 8, 7, 9, 10, 6, 1.

G. 9, 2, 4, 7, 6, 5, 10, 3, 8, 1.

3. To go faster, you need to increase...

A. ...length of steps.

b. ...step frequency.

V. ...length and frequency of steps.

4. If you lie on your stomach, bend your arms at elbows at chest level, lean on the floor and

raise your torso, then you will assume a position designated as...

5. To learn to swim, you must first of all...

A. ...do not swim if you have a runny nose or cough.

b. ...lie down on the water and hold your breath.

V. ...douse yourself with water in the morning.

G. ...learn to exhale into the water.

6. The first competitions began to be held in order to...

A. ...the strongest became the head of the tribe.

b. …young people could prove that they were ready for adult life.

V. ...to identify the best hunter, warrior.

G. All versions are plausible.

7. Choose the appropriate sequence of application of methods

water hardening:

1. Swimming in reservoirs.

2. Pouring.

3. Rubbing.

4. Taking a contrast shower.

A. 2, 4, 1, 3.

b. 3, 2, 4, 1.

V. 4, 1, 2, 3.

g. 1, 3, 2, 4.

8. The cause of poor posture is...

A. ...wrong posture at the table.

b. ...sleep in a soft bed with a high pillow.

V. ...walking with your head down.

G. ... muscle weakness.

9. Physical activity of exercises, characterized by increasing frequency

heart rate up to 130 - 150 beats per minute is estimated as...

A. ...easy.

b. ...average.

V. ...big.

g. ...very large.

10. The Pentathlon program of the ancient Olympic Games included competitions

By…

A. ...fist fight, d. ...long jump,

b. ...running, e. ...archery,

V. ...horse riding, w. ...javelin throwing,

g. ... struggle, h. ... discus throwing,

11. The term “Olympiad” in ancient times meant...

A. ...a collection of athletes in one policy.

b. ...a four-year period.

V. ...the year of the Olympic Games.

G. ...Olympic competitions.

12. Strength exercises are used to educate...

A. ...strength.

b. …you were fast.

V. ...endurance.

g. ...flexibility.

Check all items.

13. Exercising has a positive effect on

mental development.

With this statement a....agree (I agree).

b. ...disagree (disagree).

14. Following a daily routine helps...

A. ...correct time management.

b. ...building willpower.

V. ...alternating mental and physical work.

G. ...excluding negative emotions.

15. To remember and subsequently perform complexes independently

exercises, their content is written in the form of pictograms. Draw

images of starting positions:

Main stand

Hands to the sides

Hands on the belt, legs apart

Kneeling

Sed

Sitting legs apart

Back squat

Answers (grades 5-6)

1. a, b, d. 9. b

2. c 10. b, d, d, g, h

3. b 11. b

4. lying position 12. a, b, c, d

5. g 13. a

6. g 14. b

7. b 15. Pictograms:

8. b

OLYMPICS

7-8 grade

1. The ancient Olympic Games got their name because

competitions were held...

A. ...at the foot of Mount Olympus.

b. ...in a place called Olympia.

V. ...in honor of the Olympian gods.

G. ...after the lighting of the Olympic flame.

2. Physical exercise is...

A. …natural movements and modes of transportation.

b. ...movements performed in physical education lessons.

V. ...actions performed according to certain rules.

G. ...complex motor actions.

3. Physical activity of exercises, characterized by increasing frequency

heart rate up to 150 - 180 beats per minute is estimated as...

A. ...easy.

b. ...average.

V. ...big.

g. ...very large.

4. Complex and diverse changes occurring in the human body during

throughout life are united by the concept...

A. …physical education.

b. …phylogenesis.

V. …physical development.

G. ...physical perfection.

5. A type of human culture focused on optimizing natural

properties of people is designated as...

A. …physical education.

b. ...physical exercise.

V. …physical training.

G. …Physical Culture.

6. The subject of training in physical education is...

A. ...exercise.

b. ...motor actions.

V. ...physical education knowledge.

G. ...education methods.

7. The main specific means of physical education is...

A. ...hardening.

b. ...keeping a daily routine.

V. ...physical exercise.

G. …solar radiation.

8. Motor skills are usually called...

A. ...the ability to perform an exercise without activating attention.

b. ...correct execution of motor actions.

V. ...the level of mastery of movements when activating attention.

G. ...ways to control motor actions.

9. Preparatory exercises are used if...

A. ...the student is not physically developed enough.

V. …it is necessary to eliminate the causes of errors.

10. Which of the proposed definitions are formulated incorrectly?

A. Strength is demonstrated by the ability to overcome resistance

through

muscle tension.

b. Explosive power determines the ability to reach maximum

level

muscle tension in a minimum amount of time.

V. Speed ​​is the quality on which the

running speed.

G. The level of manifestation of general endurance is determined by aerobic

capabilities of the body.

11. When performing exercises, you should not inhale while...

A. ...bending the body back.

b. ...crossing arms.

V. ... body rotations.

G. ...raising your arms to the sides.

Check all items.

12. Exercises are not effective in shaping your physique.

contributing...

A. ...helping to increase muscle mass.

b. ...helping to increase the speed of movement.

V. ...helping to reduce body weight.

g. ...formation of correct posture.

13. Distribute swimming styles according to increasing speed of movement in the water.

1. On the back. 2. Breaststroke. 3. Butterfly. 4. Rabbit.

A. b. V. G.

14. The technique with which a basketball player takes possession of the ball is designated

How…

Answers:

1. b 9. a

2. at 10. at

3. c 11. b, c

4. c 12. b

5. g 13. 4, 3, 1, 2

6. b 14. catching

7. at 15. Pictograms:

8. g

OLYMPICS

9-11 grade

1. The basis of physical culture is human activity,

aimed at...

A. ...changes in the environment.

b. ...adaptation to environmental conditions.

V. ...education of physical qualities.

G. …transforming your own capabilities.

2. Physical training is...

A. …the process of promoting health and improving motor skills

opportunities.

b. ...physical education with a pronounced applied effect.

V. ...a level of development characterized by high performance.

G. ...the process of learning movements and developing physical qualities.

3. Which of the presented definitions are formulated incorrectly?

A. ...Physical perfection is the optimal measure of comprehensive

physical fitness that meets the requirements of society.

b. …A person can be considered physically perfect, physical

state

which allows you to implement the functions necessary for society.

V. …Physical perfection is a process of changing the properties of the body

on

throughout an individual's life.

G. …Physical perfection is a state of optimal readiness,

conditioning the achievement of high sports results.

Check all items.

4. Poor posture causes...

A. ...power asymmetry.

b. ...inability to play sports.

V. ...a lot of sweating.

G. ...changes in the functioning of body systems.

5. The load of physical exercise is characterized by...

A. ...the magnitude of their impact on the body.

b. ...preparedness and other characteristics of those involved.

V. ...time and number of repetitions of motor actions.

G. ...tension of muscle groups.

6. Lead-up exercises are used if...

A. …the learner is underdeveloped.

b. ...there are no supporting elements in the engine fund.

V. ...it is necessary to eliminate errors that occur.

G. ...the method of holistic analytical exercise is used.

7. In the process of mastering movements, it is customary to highlight..

A. ...two stages.

b. ...three stages.

V. ...four stages.

G. ...from two to four, depending on the complexity of the movements.

8. A healthy lifestyle is a way of life aimed at...

A. …maintaining high performance of people.

b. …preparation for professional activities.

V. ...development of people's physical qualities.

G. ...preserving and improving people's health.

9. Flexion of the supporting leg before take-off in skiing is indicated

How…

10. The ancient Olympic Games were held...

A. ...during the first year of the Olympic Games.

b. ...during the last year of the Olympic Games.

V. ...in a leap year.

G. ...by decision of the priests.

11. In what sports have outstanding Russian coaches trained Champions?

peace and the Olympic Games?

1. Tatyana Anatolyevna Tarasova. A. Volleyball.

2. Irina Aleksandrovna Viner. b. Gymnastics.

3. Viktor Mikhailovich Kuznetsov. V. Greco-Roman wrestling.

4. Nikolai Vasilievich Karpol. G. Figure skating.

12. Imagine the sequence of changing styles provided for by the rules

swimming competitions during the combined relay stages.

1. Freestyle. 2. Breaststroke. 3. On the back. 4. Butterfly

13. Consecutive pushes of the basketball into the court without delaying it

denoted as...

14. List the indicators of the level of physical development known to you

Answers:

1. g 9. crouching

2. b 10. a

3. c, d 11. 4, 2, 3, 1

4. g 12. 3, 2, 4, 1

5. a 13. management

6. b 14. Transfer

7. b 15. Pictograms:

8. g

Preview:

1. In what year did the UN General Assembly adopt the Convention on the Rights of the Child?

1. 1988
2. 1989
3. 1990
4. 1991

2. According to the Convention on the Rights of the Child, a child is every human being up to the age of

1. 16 years of age;
2. 18 years of age;
3. 14 years of age;
4. 12 years of age.

3. In accordance with the Unified Qualification Guide for Positions of Education Workers, the teacher carries out control and evaluation activities using:

1. electronic journal;
2. electronic diary;
3. electronic forms of educational documentation;
4. all answers are correct.

4. Is it allowed to involve students, pupils of civil educational institutions in work not provided for by the educational program, without the consent of students, pupils and their parents (legal representatives)?

1. No;
2. In special cases, by order of higher authorities;
3. Allowed sporadically due to production needs.

5. Do students and pupils of civil educational institutions have the right to freely attend events not provided for by the curriculum?

1. In special cases, if there are good reasons
2. Yes, in agreement with the administration of the institution.

1. 6. Which of the ancient Greek philosophers considered movement “the healing part of medicine”?

1. Aristotle;
2. Plato;
3. Pythagoras;
4. Archimedes.

1) J.-J. Rousseau;

2) Plato;

3) F. Frebel;

4) I. Pestalozzi.

1) J.-J. Rousseau

2) J. Locke

3) Y.A. Komensky

4) I.G. Pestalozzi

9 . What principle did J. Locke form the basis for selecting the content of a child’s education?

A) freedom

B) coercion

B) conformity with nature

D) utilitarianism

1. 10. Which country is the birthplace of the Olympic Games?

1. Rome;
2. China;
3. Ancient Greece;
4. Italy.

1. 11. In what year did the first ancient Olympic Games take place?

1. In 906 BC;
2. In 1201;.
3. In 776 BC;
4. In 792 BC.

1. 12. In what year and where was the International Olympic Committee created?

1. In 1894 in Paris;
2. In 1896 in London;
3. In 1905 in Greece;
4. In 1908 in London.

1. 13. What is the Olympic Charter?

1. Title of an ode to sport written by Pierre de Coubertin;
2. Code of laws governing the Olympic movement;
3. Rules for competitions included in the Olympic Games program;
4. Athlete's oath.

1. 14. How is the Olympic motto translated: “Sitius, altius, fortius”?

1. “Further, faster, more”;
2. “Stronger, more beautiful, more accurate”;
3. "Faster, higher, stronger";
4. « Faster, stronger, further."

1. 15. Who is the founder of the physical education system, the basis of which was the “harmonious, comprehensive development of the activities of the human body”?

1. L.P. Matveev;
2. G.G. Benezet;
3. P.F. Lesgaft;
4. N.A. Semashko.

1. 16. What changes in the development of physical culture and sports took place in Russia after the revolution?

1. Popularization of oriental types of gymnastics and wrestling;
2. Creation of military sports clubs and physical education circles;
3. The emergence of fitness and water aerobics health systems.
4. Creation of federations for sports.

1. 17. Who was the first in Russia to develop the theory of preschool education and substantiate the content, means and methods of physical education in school?

1. N.G. Chernyshevsky;
2. Jan Amos Kamensky;
3. P.F. Lesgaft;
4. A.V. Lunacharsky.

1. 18. In what year was the Russian Olympic Committee created?

1. In 1896;
2. In 1911;
3. In 1960;
4. In 1973.

1. 19. Indicate the main principles of the Fair Play code of sports honor.

1. Do not strive to win at any cost; maintain honor and nobility on the sports field;
2. A combination of physical perfection with high morality.
3. Self-esteem, honesty, respect - for opponents, judges, spectators;
4. Strict adherence to competition rules.

1. 20. What indicators characterize physical development?

1. Heredity, constitution, anthropometric indicators;
2. Height and weight indicators;
3. Body type, development of physical qualities, health status;
4. Physical fitness.

1. 21. Physical exercise is usually called...

1. repeated repetition of motor actions;
2. movements that improve performance;
3. motor actions organized in a certain way;
4. a set of gymnastic exercises.

1. 22. Basic physical education is primarily focused on providing...

1. a person’s physical preparedness for life;;
2. preparation for professional activities.
3. restoration of the body after illness, injury, overwork.
4. preparation for sports activities.

1. 23. Three groups of tasks solved in the process of physical education -

1. Developmental, corrective, specific.
2. Educational, recreational, educational.
3. General pedagogical, compensatory, hygienic.
4. Developmental, health, hygienic.

1. 24. What is the main specific means of physical education?

1. Natural properties of nature;
2. Physical exercise;
3. Sanitary factors;
4. Competitive activity.

1. 25. A method of performing a motor action that allows solving a motor task more expediently and efficiently is called...

1. Physical exercise technique;
2. Motor skill;
3. Motor skill;
4. Motor "stereotype".

1. 26. The composition and sequence of actions, links, efforts necessary to solve a motor task in a certain way are usually called...

1. Equipment parts;
2. The main link of technology;
3. The basis of technology;
4. The structure of motor activity.

1. 27. The optimal measure of comprehensive physical fitness and harmonious physical development, meeting the requirements of labor and other spheres of life, reflects...

1. physical perfection of a person;
2. physical development of a person;
3. physical condition of a person;
4. physical form of a person.

1. 28. What is the main criterion for a person’s physical perfection?

1. Quality of theoretical knowledge about physical culture.
2. Level of development of physical capabilities.
3. Health status.
4. Socialization of personality.

1. 29. The objectively inherent properties of physical culture that make it possible to influence a person and human relationships, satisfy and develop certain needs of the individual and society are called...

1. Functions of physical culture;
2. Principles of physical culture;
3. Methods of physical culture;
4. By means of physical culture.

1. 30. The results achieved in the physical improvement of a person and the degree of use of acquired motor qualities, skills and special knowledge in everyday life characterize...

1. Physical education of the subject;
2. Physical culture of the individual;
3. Physical development of the individual;
4. Human physical perfection.

1. 31. Name the main indicators of the development of a person’s physical culture.

1. A culture of movement and a wide range of vital motor skills (running, jumping, throwing, swimming, skiing);
2. Hygienic skills and habits of taking care of your health on a daily basis, strengthening the body, and physical fitness;
3. Level of physical qualities; knowledge in the field of physical culture; motives and interests for physical improvement; maintaining hygiene and routine;
4. Height and weight indicators.

1. 32. Which document reflects the moral rules of sports activities?

1. Olympic Charter;
2. Olympic Charter;
3. Olympic Oath;
4. Competition rules.

1. 33. What tasks of students’ mental development are solved in the process of physical education?

1. Expansion and deepening of special knowledge in the field of physical education.
2. Enrichment with special knowledge related to the field of physical culture and sports; development of cognitive and creative abilities.
3. Promotion of creative manifestations of the individual, including self-knowledge and self-education, through the means of physical culture and sports.
4. Formation of a meaningful attitude towards physical education.

1. 34. Name the tasks of developing the aesthetic sphere of a person’s personality in the process of physical education and sports activities.

1. Cultivating the ability to deeply feel and appreciate beauty in the field of physical education and sports and in other areas of its manifestation;
2. Cultivating the ability to sensitively perceive and appreciate beauty in the field of physical education; formation of aesthetics of behavior and relationships;
3. Developing an active position in affirming the beautiful;
4. Intransigence towards the ugly in all its manifestations.

1. 35. What is included in the content of the intellectual values ​​of physical culture?

1. Knowledge of methods and means of developing a person’s physical potential;
2. A set of methodological guidelines, practical recommendations, manuals;
3. Ability to rationally organize time, composure;
4. Development of thinking and logic.

1. 36. What is meant by the mobilization values ​​of physical culture?

1. Everything that has been developed by specialists to ensure the process of physical and sports training for those involved;
2. Personal achievements in a person’s motor preparedness;
3. Ability to rationally organize time, internal discipline, composure, speed of assessing the situation and making decisions, perseverance;
4. Development of the need for physical improvement.

1. 37. What refers to the means of physical education?

1. Outdoor games, gymnastics, sports games, tourism, swimming, ski training;
2. Compliance with sanitary and hygienic standards, daily routine, nutrition, rest, personal hygiene;
3. Exercise, natural forces and hygiene factors;
4. Sun, air, water.

1. 38. What is meant by forms of physical exercise?

1. Methods of organizing the educational process;
2. Types of lessons;
3. Types of physical education and health work;
4. Structure of classes.

1. 39. Classes conducted by a teacher (trainer) with a permanent staff of students include...

1. Physical education lessons and sports training sessions.
2. Aerobics, shaping, callanetics, athletic gymnastics;
3. Championships, championships, sports days, qualifying competitions, etc.;
4. Hiking trips.

1. 40. What is the structure of lesson forms?

1. Introductory, warm-up, recovery parts;
2. Preparatory, main, final parts;
3. Organizational, independent, low-intensity parts;
4. Introductory, basic, recreational.

1. 41. How are physical education lessons classified based on their main focus?

1. Lessons on mastering new material, lessons on consolidating and improving educational material, control and mixed (complex) lessons;
2. General physical training, professional applied physical training, sports training lessons, methodological and practical classes;
3. Lessons in gymnastics, athletics, swimming, ski training, outdoor and sports games, etc.
4. Health lesson, sports-oriented lesson;

1. 42. In what areas does basic physical culture manifest itself?

1. Physical education in preschool institutions and general education institutions of primary, general and secondary education;
2. Physical education in institutions of primary, secondary and higher vocational education;
3. Physical culture, presented as an academic subject in the education and upbringing system; physical culture of the adult population;
4. Physical culture as an independent type of activity.

69. 43. The main result of the use of basic physical culture in the general system of education and upbringing is...

1. Increasing the level of physical fitness, long-term preservation of health, creative longevity and capacity, organization of a healthy lifestyle.
2. Acquiring the necessary level of education in the field of physical education.
3. Mastering vital motor skills.
4. All of the above.

71. 44. What is the main goal of mass sports?

1. Achieving the highest possible sports results;
2. Restoration of physical performance;
3. Increasing and maintaining general physical fitness;
4. Increasing the number of people involved in sports.

73. 45. What determines the orientation of professional-applied physical education (PPFC)?

1. The need for applied military training of young people for upcoming military service;
2. The need of society for special training of a person for a specific professional activity;
3. The need for social adaptation of the individual in society;
4. Development of certain stereotypes of performing exercises.

75. 46. ​​What is the essence and purpose of health and rehabilitation physical culture?

1. The use of physical exercise as factors in the prevention and treatment of various diseases, recovery, and combating fatigue;
2. Application of methods of therapeutic physical culture after injuries and diseases in a hospital setting, for rehabilitation purposes;
3. Organization of disease prevention among the population;
4. Boosting the body's immune system.

77. 47. In what varieties are the “background” types of physical culture presented?

1. Hygienic and recreational physical culture;
2. Tourism, hunting, fishing;
3. Physical education and sports entertainment and recreational and mass events;
4. Healing Fitness.

79. 48. The process aimed at developing motor (physical) qualities, abilities necessary in life and sports activities is called...

1. The training process;
2. The educational process;
3. Physical training;
4. Physical development.

81. 49. The process aimed at the versatile education of a person’s physical qualities, ensuring the formation from childhood of a physically strong young generation with harmonious development, is called...

1. General physical fitness;
2. Special physical training;
3. Harmonic physical training;.
4. General development.

83. 50. What is the main method for increasing physical strength?

1. Circuit training method with strength exercises performed at 8-10 stations.
2. A variable method that allows you to vary the rest intervals between approaches to the apparatus, change the weight and number of repetitions.
3. A method of repeated exercise using unlimited weights in exercises performed to failure.

85. 51. One of the main approaches to developing endurance is...

1. Variable continuous exercise method.
2. Using the fartlek method.
3. Uniform continuous exercise method.
4. Method of repeating the exercise.

87. 52. What method is considered to be the leading one when developing the speed of movements (running, etc.)?

1. Variable method;
2. Method of repeated performance of motor actions;
3. Uniform method;
4. Circuit training method.

89. 53. What factors must be taken into account when selecting physical exercises that contribute to the high-quality solution of special physical training problems?

1. The level of physical fitness of those involved, the characteristics of a particular sport, the period of sports training;
2. The purpose of practicing this sport; tasks solved at a certain stage of sports training;
3. Positive and negative transfer of physical qualities, level of development of physical qualities, age characteristics, type of sport;
4. Health status.

91. 54. The process of managing the formation of motor skills necessary for successful competition in a chosen sport is called...

1. Theoretical training;
2. Technical training;
3. Tactical training;
4. Psychological preparation.

93. 55. What tasks are solved in the process of professional applied physical training?

1. Development of physical qualities and abilities, mastering motor skills;
2. Training in special knowledge, increasing the functional resistance of the body to unfavorable factors of work;
3. Ensuring the active adaptation of a person to the chosen type of work activity;
4. Athletic excellence.

95. 56. Physical education movement is...

1. a socio-pedagogical phenomenon, the content of which includes physical education and the upbringing of human physical qualities;
2. a social trend, in line with which the joint activities of people to use the values ​​of physical culture unfold;
3. one of the applied types of education that have a pronounced practical orientation;
4. a non-specialized process of physical education, the content of which is aimed at creating broad general prerequisites for success in a wide variety of activities.

97. 57. Local act allowing physical education classes in the gym -

1. protocol;
2. contract;
3. Act;
4. agreement.

99. 58. What hand position should be when passing two overhand in volleyball?

1. At chest level;
2. Just above shoulder level;
3. Lowered down;
4. Straightened arms raised up.

101. 59. How is the hand positioned on the ball at the moment of impact when performing an overhead straight serve in volleyball?

1. Bottom;
2. A few on top;
3. Side;
4. Above.

103. 60. What number does the numbering of players in basketball begin with?

1. from 1;
2. co 2;
3. from 3;
4. from 4.

105. 61. Hand position when catching the ball with both hands in basketball?

1. arms extended towards the ball, hands in a “funnel-shaped” position;
2. arms extended towards the ball, fingers closed;
3. hands down;
4. arms spread to the sides, fingers widely spaced, tense.

107. 62. What phases is a running long jump divided into?

1. start, starting run, take-off, landing;
2. 10 running steps, take-off, landing;
3. run-up, take-off, flight, landing;
4. run-up, 2-3 running steps before take-off, take-off, landing.

109. 63. In what position is the torso during take-off during a running long jump?

1. strongly tilted forward;
2. tilted back;
3. in a curled state;
4. maintains an almost vertical position.

111. 64. Describe the technique of sprinting:

1. the torso is tilted back, the lower back is bent;
2. the torso maintains a slight forward tilt, arms bent at the elbows move in the lateral plane, fingers are bent and not tense;
3. the body is straight, the arms are strongly bent at the elbows;
4. energetic body turns.

113. 65. Drills in gymnastics are...

1. joint actions in the ranks;
2. exercises on apparatus;
3. general developmental exercises;
4. GPP.

115. 66. Floor exercises in gymnastics are...

1. a set of general developmental exercises;
2. combinations of various gymnastic exercises with elements of acrobatics and choreography;
3. exercises on apparatus;
4. parallel bars exercises.

117. 67. Morning exercises refer to...

1. educational and developmental gymnastics;
2. recreational gymnastics;
3. artistic gymnastics;
4. production.

119. 68. A stance in gymnastics is...

1. lying position on the floor;
2. vertical position with legs up with support from any part of the body;
3. sitting position;
4. starting position in formation.

121. 69. What are the main styles of skiing?

1. Stepless, one-step, two-step, four-step;
2. classic and free;
3. alternating and simultaneous;
4. on the plain, uphill and downhill.

123. 70. What moves are distinguished in alternating moves of cross-country skiing?

1. two-step and four-step;
2. one-step and two-step;
3. turns by stepping, descents, running on the plain;
4. moves, ascents, descents, running on the plain.

125. 71. Heart rate in healthy people at rest is, on average,

1. 40-50 beats/min.
2. 60-80 beats/min.
3. 100-120 beats/min.
4. 80-100 beats/min.

127. 72. How are hygiene standards and requirements regulated?

1. Special sanitary and hygienic rules (standards) - SanPIN;
2. By order of the school director;
3. Instructions from the physical education teacher (coach).
4. Curriculum.

129. 73. Which component of nutrients performs a plastic function in the vital processes of the body, and is most actively involved in the construction of bone tissue and in water-salt metabolism?

1. Carbohydrates;
2. Proteins;
3. Minerals;
4. Fats.

131. 74. Your posture can be considered correct if you touch it while standing near a wall..

1. the back of the head, shoulder blades, buttocks, heels.
2. shoulder blades, buttocks;
3. back of the head, buttocks,
4. Buttocks.

132. 75. What phase follows after performing physical activity after the onset of fatigue?

1. Recovery phase;
2. The “second wind” phase;
3. Phase of temporary decline in performance.
4. All answers are correct.

134. 76. How should physical activity be planned for older schoolchildren in order to get a training effect?

1. At least 3-4 times a week (from 40 minutes to 1.5 hours);
2. At least 2-3 times a week (from 30 minutes to 1 hour);
3. 1-2 times a week (from 1 to 2 hours);
4. 1-2 times a week (from 3 to 4 hours);

136. 77. Examinations carried out by a doctor together with a teacher (trainer) directly in the process of physical exercise, sports, or during competitions to determine the effects of physical activity on the body of those involved are called...

1. Preventive examination;
2. Medical examination;
3. Medical and pedagogical control;
4. By examination.

137. 78. What test can be used to determine the body’s adaptability to physical activity?

1. Using the Stange test;
2. Using the Genchi test;
3. Using the Ruffier test;
4. Using the Harvard Step Test.

139. 79. List the main body types.

1. Light-boned, hypersthenic, large-boned.
2. Thin-boned, asthenic, medium-boned.
3. Asthenic, normosthenic, hypersthenic.
4. Thin-boned, broad-boned, normosthenic.

141. 80. List the main types of rehabilitation:

1. Medical, physical, psychological, socio-economic;
2. Social, mental, labor, recovery;
3. Muscular, manual, autogenic, active, passive;
4. Psychological, labor, muscular.

143. 81. Name the main means of physical rehabilitation.

1. Healing Fitness;
2. Occupational therapy, massage, manual therapy, autogenic training;
3. Active, passive, psychoregulatory;
4. Cyclic exercises and sports.

145. 82. List the well-known “risk factors” in people’s lives?

1. Hypokinesia, alcoholism, drug addiction, smoking;
2. Nutritional and environmental disorders;
3. Psychological stress;
4. All of the above.

147. 83. Name three stages in the development of stress.

1. Alarm reaction, stabilization, exhaustion;
2. Information, mobilization, overload;
3. Threat, danger, disease;
4. Information, alarm reaction, disease.

149. 84. List the main tasks of first aid provided to the victim?

1. Temporary stop of bleeding, application of a hemostatic tourniquet;
2. Carrying out measures to eliminate threats to life, prevent complications, ensure favorable conditions for transportation;
3. The use of artificial respiration techniques, chest compressions, application of bandages, tourniquets, immobilization;
4. Improvement or restoration of cardiac activity and breathing.

151. 85. What is first aid for injuries?

1. Application of a bandage and transport splint;
2. Administration of antitetanus serum;
3. Stop bleeding, protect the wound from secondary contamination;
4. Treatment with hydrogen peroxide.

153. 86. The duration of squeezing a limb with a tourniquet should not exceed...

1. 1.5 - 2 hours;
2. 40 - 50 minutes;
3. 3 - 5 hours;
4. 2.5 - 3.5 hours.

155. 87. What is first aid for fainting?

1. Cordiamine and caffeine injections;
2. Giving the body a horizontal position, raising the legs, ensuring air access;
3. Raising the head, warming up, drinking hot drinks;
4. Applying cold to the temporal part of the head.

157. 88. Kyphosis of the spine is...

1. backward bend;
2. side bend;
3. forward bend;
4. no bending.

159. 89. Scoliosis of the spine is...

1. backward bend;
2. side bend;
3. forward bend;
4. no bending.

90. What types of certification of students and graduates are provided for by the Law of the Russian Federation “On Education”?

1. Current certification, quarterly certification, annual certification, final certification;
2. Certification based on the results of studying topics, training modules, programs;
3. Interim certification, state (final) certification;
4. Current certification, intermediate certification, state (final) certification.

91. Add the name of the document: Federal Law of the Russian Federation of June 24, 1998 “On the basic guarantees ………………… in the Russian Federation”

1. human rights

2. fundamental freedoms

3. child rights

92. A new approach to raising children is:

1. person-centered approach

2. active

3. nature-based approach

4. cognitive approach

93. According to the method of O.S. Gazman, the stages of activities for pedagogical support of children in the system of personality-oriented education technology include:

1. diagnostic, search, contractual, activity-based, reflective

2. analysis, modeling, implementation, control

3. studying the situation, making a decision, joint activities to implement the decision, analysis and reflection

94. Education as a process of helping a child in the development of his subjectivity, cultural identification, socialization, and life self-determination is considered in the author’s concept

1. E.V. Bondarevskaya

2. O.S. Gazman

3.N.E. Shchurkova

95. Felixology of education, according to N.E. Shchurkova, E.P. Pavlova, is a scientific and theoretical consideration of the content characteristics of upbringing, which provides the formation of the child’s ability to be part of the goal of upbringing:

1. tolerant in life on this earth

2. happy in life on this earth

3. free to live on this earth

96. The answer to the question of what optimal educational system should a growing person be included in so that the transition from the culmination of development in one phase takes place at the culmination of another phase of human development is contained in the methodology;

... 1. hermeneutical approach;

2. acmeological approach;

3.ambivalent approach.

97. Certification in order to confirm compliance with the position held is carried out in relation to teaching staff who do not have the following qualification categories:

1. Once every 3 years
2. Once every five years
3. One year after the previous certification, if the employee was given recommendations from the certification commission

98. The main certification procedure in order to establish compliance of the qualification level with the requirements of the qualification category (first or highest) is:

1. Portfolio presentation

2. Expertise of professional activities

3. Written qualification tests

99. According to the methodology for assessing the qualifications of certified teaching staff, ed. V.D. Shadrikov, the professional qualification standard of a teacher is considered as a set of:

1. 3 competencies

2. 4 competencies

3. 5 competencies

4. 6 competencies

100. According to V.D. Shadrikov, the structure of pedagogical competence in the field of personal qualities includes:

1. Empathy and socioreflection, self-organization, general culture

2. Ability to create situations that ensure success in educational activities; conditions for positive motivation and self-motivation

101. According to V.D. Shadrikov, the structure of pedagogical competence in the field of setting goals and objectives includes:

2. The ability to set goals and objectives in accordance with the age and individual characteristics of students, the ability to translate the topic of a lesson into a pedagogical task, to involve students in the process of forming goals and objectives

3. The ability to establish subject-subject relationships, organize educational activities, implement pedagogical assessment.

102. According to V.D. Shadrikov, the structure of pedagogical competence in the field of motivation of educational activities includes:

1. The ability to choose and implement an educational program, develop your own program, methodological and didactic materials, the ability to make decisions in a pedagogical situation

2. Ability to create situations that ensure success in educational activities; conditions for positive motivation and self-motivation

3. Competence in the methods and subject of teaching, in the subjective conditions of activity.

103. According to V.D. Shadrikov, the structure of pedagogical competence in the field of providing the information basis for activities includes:

1. The ability to establish subject-subject relationships, organize educational activities, and implement pedagogical assessment.

3. Competence in the methods and subject of teaching, in the subjective conditions of activity.

104. According to V.D. Shadrikov, the structure of pedagogical competence in the field of developing activity programs and making pedagogical decisions includes:

1. Ability to select and implement an educational program, develop one’s own software, methodological and didactic materials, ability to make decisions in a pedagogical situation

2. Ability to create situations that ensure success in educational activities; conditions for positive motivation and self-motivation

3. The ability to establish subject-subject relationships, organize educational activities, and implement pedagogical assessment.

105. According to V.D. Shadrikov, the structure of pedagogical competence in the field of organizing educational activities includes:

1. Competence in the methods and subject of teaching, in the subjective conditions of activity.

2. The ability to set goals and objectives in accordance with the age and individual characteristics of students, the ability to translate the topic of the lesson into a pedagogical task, to involve students in the process of forming goals and objectives

3. The ability to establish subject-subject relationships, organize educational activities, and implement pedagogical assessment.

Preview:

Test on the basics of physical education in grades 5-7.

Test No. 1

In athletics.

1. In what year did the first athletics championship take place in Russia?

A. 1902

B. 1906

V. 1908

G. 1900

2. What is the length of a standard treadmill?

A. 400m.

B. 330m.

V. 100m.

G. 500m.

3. What distances are considered sprint (short)?

A. 800m., 1500m.

B. 60m., 100m., 200m., 400m.

V. 2000m., 3000m., 5000m.

4. Running long jump?

A. Using the “legs bent” method.

B. "Roll".

B. The “over-snapping” method.

5. High jump?

A. The “bending” method.

B. “Turn over” method.

B. The “legs bent” method.

6. How many attempts are used when jumping?

A. alone.

B. five.

At three o'clok.

7. What kind of start is used when running short distances?

A. Average start.

B. High start.

B. Low start.

8. How much "phases» is the running long jump divided?

A.two.

B.three.

At five.

G.four.

Test No. 1

In gymnastics (5-7 grades).

1. Rope climbing:

A. in one go.

B. in four steps.

V. in two doses.

2.How they are performednon-supported jumps?

A. are performed with hands resting on some kind of projectile.

B. are performed without supporting hands on any projectile.

V. There are no such jumps.

3.What isvis?

A. This is the position of the body on the apparatus in which the shoulders are below the grip point.

B. This is a position of the body on the apparatus (or floor) in which the shoulders are above the fulcrum.

B. is the ability to perform any activity for a long time without reducing its effectiveness.

4.Who should be on site during the initial execution of any element?

A.teacher.

B. insurer.

V.student.

5.WhatNecessarilymust be done when performing somersaults.

A. grouping.

B.insurance.

V.nothing.

D. answers A and B are correct.

6.What isbasic gymnastics?

A. It includes dance exercises with objects (ball, hoop, skipping rope, ribbon).

B. includes dance and strength exercises that are performed to music.

B. These are drill and general developmental exercises, on apparatus, jumping and acrobatic exercises.

7.What isemphasis?

A. This is the position of the body on the apparatus (or floor) in which the shoulders are above the fulcrum.

B. This is a position of the body on the apparatus in which the shoulders are below the grip point.

B.Both answers are correct.

8.What acrobatic exercises do you know?

Test No. 1 in physical education for students in grades 5-7.

1. What is the correct distribution of time during the day called:

a) daily routine.

b) Lesson schedule.

c) Hardening.

d) Personal hygiene.

2. Name the rules of hardening:

a) gradually.

b)immediately start dousing yourself with cold water.

c) Temper yourself once a week.

d) systematically.

d) take into account the individual characteristics of each person.

3. The usual posture of the human body in an upright position:

a) posture

b) spine;

c) “swimmer’s start” pose;

d) muscles.

4. What is the name of the line that a runner crosses at the end of the race?

a) lateral;

b) facial;

c) marking;

d) finish.

5.What physical quality does a 6-minute run develop:

a) flexibility;

b) strength;

c) endurance;

d) dexterity.

6.What is the formation called when they stand shoulder to shoulder:

a) column;

b) flank;

c) line;

d) circle.

7. List the requirements for those involved in physical education:

a)dirty shoes;

b) fitted sports uniform;

c) performing heavy physical activity after illness;

d) clean sports shoes.

8.List the types of jumps according to the school curriculum:

a) jump to the side;

b) standing long jump;

c) running long jump;

d) sideways jump.

Test No. 3 in physical education for students in grades 8 - 11.

1. Key physical qualities required for success in sprinting:

a) flexibility;

b) speed;

c) strength;

d) speed endurance.

2. A 20 m long distance segment marked with markers in the relay race:

a) takeoff run;

b) transmission zone;

c) obstacle course;

d) finish line.

3.Sprint running with overcoming obstacles:

a) barrier;

b) steeple - chase;

c) cross.

4.Height of the barrier at the distance:

a) 50 cm;

b) 100 cm.

5. Classic types of relay races:

a)4˟100;

b)4˟60;

c)4˟50;

d)4˟400.

6.Mode of movement in which single-support and flight phases alternate:

a) jump;

b)running;

c) walking.

7. When running short distances, the participant is disqualified:

a) at the request of the chief judge;

b) false start;

c) crossing the treadmill;

d) drug use.

8. Competitions are held:

a) spectators;

b) a panel of judges;

c) the head of the administration.

Answers to physical education tests for grades 5 - 7.

L/a test No. 1

1.c (1908) 5.b (periodic)

2.а(400m.) 6.в(3)

3.b(60,100) 7.v(low start)

4.a (legs bent) 8.g (4)

Test No. 1 in gymnastics.

1.c (in 2 steps) 5.a

2.b (without support) 6.c

3.a 7.b

4.b 8.somersaults forward, backwards; flip to the side, shoulder stand, headstand, handstand...

Test No. 1 on basic knowledge.

1.a 5.c

2.a 6.c

3.a 7.b, d

4.g 8.b, c

TESTS ON THE FUNDAMENTALS OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION KNOWLEDGE No. 1.

8-11 GRADES.

1. When and in which city did the 22nd Olympic Games take place?

A. 1972- Munich.

B. 1976-Montreal.

V. 1980 - Moscow.

G. 1984 - Los Angeles.

2. What award did the winner receive at the Olympic Games in Ancient Greece?

A. Wreath made of olive tree branches.

B. The title of honorary citizen.

B. Medal and cup.

D. Monetary reward.

3. What should you not do while sprinting?

A. Looking back.

B. Hold your breath.

B. Move to the next path.

4. What are the causes of poor posture?

A. Improper nutrition.

B. Weak body muscles.

B. Increase in human height.

5. How many times a week should you do physical exercises in order to successfully develop motor skills?

A. 1-2 times.

B. 3-4 times.

B. 6-7 times.

6. The main cause of poor posture is?

A. The habit of certain postures.

B. Muscle weakness.

B. Lack of movement during school lessons.

7. How many times did G. Kulakova become an Olympic champion?

A. One.

B. Two.

At three o'clok.

G. Four.

8. What is the motto of the Olympic movement?

8-11 grade.

1.- B

2.- A

3.- B

4.- B

5 B

6.- B

7.- B

8.- Faster, higher, stronger.

GRADE

"5" - 7 answers

"4" - 5 answers

"3" - 4 answers

The questions were compiled by Russian physical education teacher V.S._____________________

TESTS ON THE FUNDAMENTALS OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION KNOWLEDGE No. 2.

8-11 GRADES.

1. How many muscles does a person have?

A. More than 400.

B. More than 500.

V. 656.

G. 700.

2. At what time should you take air baths?

A. Before bed.

B. At a specially designated time.

B. 5 minutes after exercise.

D. During physical exercise.

3. Hardening procedures should begin:

A. Hot water.

B. Warm water.

B. Water at body temperature.

D. Cool water.

4.First aid for burns:

A. Cut or puncture the bubble.

B. Lubricate the surface of the skin with Vaseline and fat.

B. Apply a clean cloth bandage to the burn site.

5. In what year did Russian athletes first participate in the Olympic Games?

A. 1900

B. 1908

V. 1924

G. 1952

6.In what year and where were the first Winter Olympic Games held?

A. 1920 - Antwerp.

B. 1924 - Chamonix.

V. 1928 – St. Moritz.

7.Which of the famous scientists of ancient Greece won fist fighting competitions at the Olympic Games?

A. Plato (philosopher)

B. Pythagoras (mathematician)

V. Archimedes (mechanic)

8.Which of the Udmurt athletes was awarded the Olympic Order?

Correct answers to test No. 2.

8-11 grade.

1.- B

2.- G

3.- G

4.- B

5 B

6.- B

7.- B

8.- Galina Kulakova.

GRADE

"5" - 7 answers

"4" - 5 answers

"3" - 4 answers

The questions were compiled by physical education teacher V.S. Russkikh_____________________

TESTS ON THE FUNDAMENTALS OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION KNOWLEDGE No. 1.

2-4 CLASS

1.Under what situations is the long jump not counted?

A. Intercession.

B. Falling forward upon landing.

B. Hands touching the landing site from behind.

G. Push with both legs.

2.Which shoulder is used to turn in a circle?

A. Only through the left.

B. Only through the right.

B. Arbitrarily.

D. Depending on the teacher's instructions.

3.Name ways to prevent infectious diseases.

A. Washing hands before eating.

B. Wet cleaning of premises.

B. Non-compliance with the daily routine.

D. Use of one towel and toothbrush.

D. Overeating.

E. Ventilation of premises.

4. Determine what equipment and inventory belong to gymnastics.

A. Bars.

B. Hockey stick.

B. Jump rope.

G. Crossbar.

D. Rope.

E. Roulette.

5.What factors increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases?

A. Environmental factors.

B. Systematic physical education and sports.

B. Systematic smoking.

D. Insufficient motor mode.

D. Alcohol and drug use.

E. Balanced diet.

The questions were compiled by physical education teacher V.S. Russkikh_________

Correct answers to test No. 1.

2-4 grades.

1.- A

2.- A

3.- V, G

4.- A, G, D

5.- V, G

Preview:

1. Heart rate (pulse) over a wide range of loads characterizes...:

• level of oxygen consumption by the body

2. Various dosed loads that allow you to evaluate the body’s response to certain motor tasks are called...

• functional tests

3. Relieving nervous and muscle tension, liberation from internal monologue and a set of measures to achieve this state is called:

• relaxation

4. What principle provides for the optimal correspondence of the tasks, means and methods of physical education to the capabilities of those involved?

• principle of accessibility and individualization

5. Methods of physical education are understood as …

• ways to use exercise

6. Specific methods of physical education include...

• strictly regulated exercise methods, game and competitive methods

7. The group that is formed at the beginning of the school year and consists of students who have health conditions in which increased physical activity is contraindicated for them is called:

• special medical group

8. Which category of physical education includes hygiene factors, natural forces and physical exercise?

• means of physical education

9. Indicate which concept (term) emphasizes the applied orientation of physical education of schoolchildren towards work or other activities:

• physical training

10. A measurement or test carried out to determine the condition, processes, properties or abilities of a person is...

• test

11. The most favorable approximate sensitive periods for changes in height and weight indicators for school-age children are the following age periods:

• 12-15 years

12. The Strategy for the Development of Physical Culture and Sports in the Russian Federation for the period until 2020 defines the stages of the main strategic targets for the development of physical culture and sports in the Russian Federation. Determine the time periods for the implementation of the Strategy:

• the first stage - 2009-2015 and the second stage - 2016-2020

13. Students are allowed to test physical fitness levels, participate in competitions and tourist trips with the permission of:

• medical worker

14. Complexes of genetically determined biological properties of the human body, thanks to which motor activity is possible, are usually called...

• physical qualities

15. In accordance with the sanitary and epidemiological rules and regulations SanPiN 2.4.2.2821-10 “Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the conditions and organization of training in educational institutions”, the motor density of physical education classes should be:

• at least 70%.

16. The relationship between the volume and intensity of physical activity is characterized by...

• inversely proportional

17. A certain magnitude of the impact of physical exercise on the body of those involved, as well as the degree of objective and subjective difficulties overcome in this case...

18. The set of methods of influence of a teacher on students, the choice of which is determined by a certain scientific concept, the logic of the organization and implementation of the process of training, education and development, is...

• methodical approach

19. The level of illumination in the gym (on the floor) must comply with the following standards.

• 200 lux

20. The ratio of pedagogically justified (rational) time spent to the total duration of the lesson is ...

• total lesson density

21. What control method is necessary to determine the motor density of a physical education lesson?...

• timing

22. The ability to actively use acquired personal and professional knowledge and skills in practical or scientific activities is called...

• competence

23. The approach to the construction of second-generation standards with a focus on the final results of education as a system-forming component of the design of standards is called....

• system-activity

24. An activity-based organization based on the variable component of the basic curriculum (educational) plan, organized by participants in the educational process, different from the lesson-based learning system, which allows for the full implementation of the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standards of General Education...

• extracurricular (extracurricular) activities

25. The textbook “Physical Education” (V.I. Lyakh) for students in grades 1-4 of general education institutions, corresponding to the Federal State Educational Standard for primary general education is included in the textbook system

• “School of Russia” (Publishing house “Prosveshcheniye”)

26. What test can be used to determine the body’s adaptability to physical activity?...

• using the Ruffier test

27. Physical education is...

• pedagogical process aimed at the formation of motor skills, development of physical and mental abilities

28. A method of organizing students in which everyone performs the same task is called...

• frontal

29. Measurement of a person’s physical performance, which is based on determining the power of work that causes an increase in heart rate to 170 beats.min. designated as test...

• P.W.C.

30. What groups of problems are solved in physical education lessons at school?...

• complex of health, educational and educational

31. The process that occurs in the body after stopping work and consists of a gradual transition of physiological, biochemical and mental functions to a pre-working state is called...

• recovery

32. Learning motor actions is built in accordance with...

• patterns of motor skills formation

33. The process of changing the morpho-functional properties of an organism throughout life is usually called...

• physical development

34. The likelihood of injury during exercise is reduced if participants...

• follow the teacher's instructions

35. The social trend, sports practice in the field of mass sports and sports of high achievements is ...

• sports movement

36. What is the name of the activity that forms the basis of physical culture...

• physical exercise

37. The method of uniform continuous exercise is the most common in raising...

• general endurance

38. Which of the following definitions is formulated incorrectly?

• Physical perfection is the process of changing the morpho-functional properties of the body throughout an individual’s life

39. Preparatory exercises are used in physical education lessons

• if the student is not physically developed enough

40. The interconnected and sequential arrangement in time of all elements of the lesson content is called

• lesson structure

41. The main means of developing correct posture are

• physical exercise

42. All the main causes of injuries in schoolchildren received during physical exercise can be divided into two groups:

• external and internal reasons

43. The equipment of the physical culture and sports area must provide

• compliance with federal regulations

44. Physical education classes in a general education institution are not allowed

• all of the above is true

45. Teaching the subject "Physical Education"from grades I to XI in educational institutions of the Belgorod region is carried out in the amount

• 2 hours per week due to federal component hours and 1 hour of school component

46. The most favorable approximate sensitive (sensitive) periods for changes in indicators of the development of coordination abilities of school-age children are age periods

• 9-12 years

What organs are included in the excretory system?

+Kidneys

+ Bladder

Spleen

Gallbladder

What types of activities are classified as acyclic physical exercises?

+Somersault

+Shot put

Skiing

A ride on the bicycle

In which blood cells is hemoglobin found?

Plasma

Leukocytes

Platelets

+Red blood cells

Topic 2. Basics of a healthy lifestyle

What are the components of a healthy lifestyle?

Drinking energy cocktails

Going to a nightclub

+ Proper nutrition and daily routine

+Physical activity and giving up bad habits

What foods should you eat daily?

+Vegetables, fruits and meat products

+Porridge and dairy products

Smoked sausage

Sweets

What are bad habits?

+Smoking

+ Alcohol and drug use

Walks outside the city

Dance classes

+State of physical, spiritual and social well-being

+Lack of disease

Feeling good

Comfortable state

Topic 3. Types of physical activity to maintain health

What effect does physical activity have on the body?

+Increases vitality and functionality

+Allows you to burn more calories to maintain optimal weight

Reduces stamina and performance

Reduces the number of years

Rest long after each exercise

Replenish wasted calories with food and drinks

+ Move more actively

+Correctly combine load and rest intervals based on heart rate

Name the benefits of healthy walking:

Quickly achieve a healing effect

The monotony of walking

+Can be practiced at any age

+Easy to dose the load according to your well-being

What type of physical activity is most accessible to beginners?

Boxing

+Walking

+Swimming

Weightlifting

Topic 4. Cyclic exercises for health purposes

What benefits do cyclic exercises bring?

Increases strength abilities

Increase the amount of adipose tissue

+Improves the body's oxygen consumption

+Increases the efficiency of the heart

What is the main thing at the initial stage of training in health walking and running?

Movement technique

Movement speed

+ Time spent at a distance

+Selecting the right shoes

Duration of walking to achieve a healing effect

+ at least 30 minutes

more than 5 hours

no more than 10 minutes

no more than 30 minutes

What pace of walking already requires volitional efforts?

+120-140 steps per minute

+Over 140

No more than 80 steps per minute

80-100 steps per minute

What time interval is recommended between eating a large meal and starting running exercises?

4 hours

+2 hours

1 hour

10 minutes

Topic 5. General physical and special training in the physical education system

tasks

Education of mass athletes

Education of elite athletes

+Health promotion

+Harmonious development of personality

What are the goals of muscle relaxation?

Increased muscle fiber length

Increased muscle fiber thickness

+Removal of waste products from working muscles

+Stress relief

What are the main objectives of special physical training (SPT)?

Strength Development

Endurance development

+Improving physical qualities characteristic of this sport

+Primary development of motor skills necessary to improve this sport

What parts does a training session consist of?

+ Basic

+ Preparatory

+ Final

Additional

What techniques can you use to relax your muscles?

+Combining relaxation of some muscles with tension of others

+ Voluntary relaxation of individual muscles

Hitting a tense muscle

Static voltage

Topic 6. Physical activity during the day

What benefits does morning exercise bring?

Reduces physical activity

+Helps increase blood circulation and metabolism

+Improves performance

Worsens your mood

How to breathe correctly when doing exercises?

Hold breath

Ignore your breathing

+Rhythmic

+Combine breathing with movement of arms, legs, torso

As much as you want

2-4 times

More than 20-30 times

+At least 8-12 times

What exercises should you start your morning exercises with?

Exercises for the back and abdominals

Flexibility exercises

+Exercises such as “stretching”, breathing exercises

+Walking in place to activate the cardiovascular and respiratory systems

What are the basic principles of “Volitional gymnastics?”

Don't think about anything

Repeat the exercise only 2 times

+Consciously tense the corresponding muscles

+ Simulate overcoming this or that resistance

Topic 7. General developmental physical exercises

Determine the classification of exercises based on anatomical characteristics

Exercises to develop flexibility

Exercises to develop the quality of strength

+Exercises for leg muscles

+Exercises for the torso (back and abdominals)

Name the basic exercises for developing the muscles of the trunk (back and abdominals):

+ Raising the upper body while lying on your back

+ Raising the legs and pelvis while lying on your back

Jumping

Pull-up while hanging on the bar

Name the basic exercises for developing the muscles of the arms and shoulder girdle

Raising the legs and pelvis while lying on your back

Turns and bends of the body

+Push-ups

+ Pull-ups while hanging on the bar

Name the basic exercises for developing leg muscles

+Jumping

+Squats

Flexion and extension of the arms while lying down

Hanging Pull-Up

Topic 8. Exercises for active recreation

To eliminate the negative consequences of prolonged sitting, it is recommended to follow the following rules:

sit with your knees well above your hips

try not to move for several hours

+ sit still for no more than 20 minutes

+keep your back and neck straight

What is a dynamic exercise minute for knowledge workers?

A means of developing physical qualities

A drug that helps reduce the excitability of the central nervous system and analyzer systems, relieve pronounced neuro-emotional states

+A means of increasing performance

+An agent that helps normalize cerebral and peripheral circulation

+ Perform exercises to relieve eye strain

+ Perform exercises to stretch and relax muscles

Nothing to do

Move your computer monitor closer

What are the rules for the correct position when sitting on a chair?

+Keep your upper back and neck straight

+Change leg position more often

Sit with your legs crossed

Sitting in one position for a long time

Topic 9. Hardening as one of the most important components of a healthy lifestyle

+30C, further increasing the water temperature

+50C, further reducing the water temperature

+50C, further increasing the water temperature

+ +30C, further reducing the water temperature

What factors influence the hardening effect of air?

Day of the week

Times of Day

+Air temperature

+Humidity

What is the principle of systematic use of hardening procedures?
The body should be hardened:

depending on the daily routine

from 2 to 5 times a year

+no long breaks

+ all year round

Contrast shower, dousing, walks in the air

Rubbing with snow, air baths, swimming in an ice hole

+Walks in the air, shower, hardening in the steam room

+Air baths, rubbing, dousing

Name the types of air baths:

+Hot

+Indifferent

Icy

Summer

Topic 10. Basics of rational nutrition

What food is called “organic”, “live”?

Meat

Seafood

+Vegetables

+Nuts

What foods cause excess weight?

Vegetables

Fruits

+Fried and fatty foods

+Sausages

Under what conditions will a person’s weight be stable?

+When receiving an amount of energy equal to consumed

+During daily active sports

If you don't get enough calories

Getting more energy from food than the body can use

Name foods with a low glycemic index?

Beet

Bananas

+Buckwheat

+Pasta

Which foods have high energy value?

+Nuts

+Butter

Potato

eggs

Theoretical and methodological tasks

You are offered tasks that meet the requirements for the level of knowledge of secondary school students in the subject “Physical Education”.

The tasks are combined into 4 groups:

1. Closed form tasks, that is, with suggested answer options. Quests are presented in the form of incomplete statements that may be either true or false when completed. When completing these tasks, you must choose the correct completion from the proposed options. Among them there are both correct and incorrect endings, as well as partially corresponding to the meaning of the statements. The correct one is the one that most fully matches the meaning of the statement.

A number of tasks are graded if all credit options are ticked. This condition is specified in the task: “check all positions.”

The selected options are marked by crossing out the corresponding square on the answer form: “a”, “b”, “c” or “d”.

Read the tasks and suggested answer options carefully. Try not to guess, but to logically justify your choice. Skip unfamiliar tasks. This will save time for other tasks. Subsequently, you can return to the missed task.

Correctly completed tasks in this group are scored 1 point. Tasks with several possible answers are scored 0.5 points if not all options are indicated, or 0 points if the wrong position is indicated.

2. Tasks in open form, that is, without suggested answer options. When completing this task, you must independently choose a definition that, completing the statement, forms a true statement. Enter the selected definition in the appropriate column of the answer form.

Correctly completed tasks in this group are awarded 2 points.

3. Assignments in a form that involves listing indicators and characteristics known to you. Records must be legible. The jury evaluates each position you submit. Completely completed tasks in this group are worth 3 points.

4. The task is in a form that involves a graphical representation of the movements that make up the complex of morning exercises. Drawings are done on the answer sheet. Records must be legible. The jury evaluates each position you submit. Completely completed tasks in this group are worth 3 points.

Monitor task completion time.

Full completion of the third group of tasks will require more time.

Task completion time is 20 minutes.

Be careful when making notes on your answer sheet. Corrections and erasures are scored as an incorrect answer.

Fill out the questionnaire in the answer form: write your last name, first name, patronymic, city, school and class you represent.

5. Instructions for the test for me...

A. I understand. V. Not completely clear.

b. Partially understandable. d. It’s not clear.

6. Would you like to ask questions to clarify the assignment?

A. Yes. b. No. V. Don't know. Mr. Yes, but I'm embarrassed.

Good luck!

Municipal stage of the All-Russian Olympiad for schoolchildren in the subject “Physical Education” 2014-2015

1. International sports competitions for athletes with disabilities include...

A. Paralympic Games. b. Deaflympics.

V. Special Olympics. d. Alternative games.

Check all items.

2. When stopping bleeding, you cannot keep the artery compressed more...

A. 2 minutes.

b. 5 minutes.

V. 10 minutes.

20 minutes.

3. The maximum amount of air that a person is able to exhale after a maximum inhalation is...

A. respiratory reserve volume. b. hyperventilation of the lungs.

V. human respiratory index. d. vital capacity of the lungs.

4. An active type of defense in basketball, in which opponents are guarded not only in the immediate vicinity of their backboard, but also on the far approaches to it, is designated as...

A. pressing.

b. zone defense.

V. personal protection.

d. blind protection.

5. The historical prerequisites for the revival of the Olympic Games were...

A. rapid growth of economic and cultural ties.

b. creation of the first international sports associations.

V. peace treaties following the First World War.

g. archaeological excavations in Olympia.

Check all items.

6. Of the 630 muscles a person has, they work while running...

7. Roman Emperor Theodosius I banned the Ancient Olympic Games because of...

A. destruction of Olympia buildings by earthquakes.

b. personal loss in competitions.

V. religious reasons.

d. significant financial expenses for their implementation.

8. The second sport after athletics in terms of representation in the Olympic program and in the number of medals awarded is...

A. gymnastics.

b. fencing.

V. swimming.

9. Complete the statement by writing the appropriate word on your answer sheet.

The rotational movement of a body around a vertical or longitudinal axis is designated as...

10. Complete the statement by writing the appropriate word on your answer sheet.

A method of movement that maintains constant support on the ground with one or two legs is designated as...

11. The only country that has participated in all the World Cups is...

A. Russia.

b. Brazil.

V. Bolivia.

Mexico.

12. Arrange control exercises in the order that must be followed during testing: 1. strength tests; 2. flexibility tests; 3. speed tests; 4 strength endurance tests; 5. general endurance tests

A. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.

b. 3, 4, 2, 1, 5.

V. 5, 4, 2, 3, 1.

g. 2, 3, 1, 4, 5.

13. List the subjective and objective indicators that must be recorded in the self-monitoring diary.

14. List exercises to improve coordination abilities and tests to assess the level of their development.

15. In order to remember and subsequently independently perform sets of exercises, their content is written down in the form of pictograms.

Write down the morning exercise routine graphically:

1) I.p. Art. legs apart, stick forward. 1 – tilt, stick behind head. 2 – i.p.

2) I.p. Art. legs apart, arms bent forward. 1 - lunge to the right, arms forward. 2 – lunge to the left, arms forward.

3) I.p. Art. stick down. 1 – left swing back, stick up. 2.4 – i.p. 3 – right swing back, stick up.

4) I.p. Bend over while standing with your legs apart. 1 – circular movements of the body to the right. 2 – i.p.

5) I.p. sitting on your heels, hands behind your head. 1 – st. on your knees, arms to the sides. 2 – i.p.

6) I.p. lying on your stomach, arms up. 1.2 – bend over, arms to the sides. 3.4 – i.p.

7) I.p. o.s. 1 – in arcs through the sides of the arm upward. 2.3 – spring squats. 4 – i.p.

8) I.p. Art. hands on the belt. 1 – jump into a standing legs apart. 2 – i.p.

You have completed the task. Congratulations!
ANSWER FORM

Full Name ______________________________

Territory, school, class ______________________________

Question no.

Answer options

Question no.

Answer options

A

b

V

G

__________________________

A

b

V

G

__________________________

A

b

V

G

A

b

V

G

A

b

V

G

A

b

V

G

A

b

V

G

__________________________

A

b

V

G

__________________________

A

b

V

G

__________________________

A

b

V

G

__________________________

15. Write down graphically the exercises from the morning exercise complex:

Exercise no.	Image

Number of correct answers ______________

Signatures of the jury members

TECHNOLOGY

assessing the quality of fulfillment of theoretical and methodological tasks

Question no.

Answer options

Question no.

Answer options

A

b

V

G

turn

A

b

V

G

walking

A

b

V

G

A

b

V

G

A

b

V

G

A

b

V

G

A

b

V

G

__________________________

A

b

V

G

__________________________

A

b

V

G

__________________________

A

b

V

G

__________________________

Closed-form tasks (No. 1-8, 11-12) are scored 1 point.

Tasks with more than one correct answer are graded at:

1 point if all “correct” answers are indicated;

0.5 points if not all “correct” answers are indicated;

0 points if, along with “correct” answers, “incorrect” answers are marked.

Tasks in open form (No. 9, 10). “Correct” statements are scored 2 points.

Transfer-related tasks.

No. 13: Subjective indicators: mood, well-being, desire to exercise, sleep, appetite, etc. Objective indicators: respiratory rate, heart rate, vital capacity, Stange test, Genchi test, height, weight, orthostatic test, etc.

Due to the presence of synonyms, a qualified assessment is required. Each transfer item is assessed at 0.4 points, 5 or more items are assessed at a maximum of 2 points.

No. 14: Exercises to improve coordination abilities: throws or hits at a target at various distances; jumping into a pre-marked area; responding to different signals from different starting positions; change of movements, different in structure: walking-jumping, jumping-squatting, jumping-acceleration; counteraction on normal surfaces and at heights; jumping from different heights; jumping to different heights; performing exercises with limited visibility, etc.

Tests to assess their level of development: “Seven-meter test”, “Jumping on markings”, playing without visual control 50% of the maximum effort on a hand dynamometer, catching a vertically falling object (ruler), Romberg’s test, etc.

Due to the possibility of presenting synonyms, the jury will qualify the answers.

The absence of keywords is scored as an incorrect answer. The presented indicators are estimated at 0.4 points.

5 or more positions are assessed with a maximum of 3 points

A task involving a graphic image. Each “correct” image is scored 0.3 points. A fully completed task is assessed at - 3 points.

The final grade is represented by the sum of the assessment points for completed assignments. Closed form assignments - 10 points

Open-ended questions - 4 points

Listing tasks - 4 points

Graphic tasks - 3 points

The maximum possible amount is 21 points

Remembering the movements

Motor memory plays a vital role in human life. Learning movements develops coordination in a child, relieves the nervous system and stresses the muscular system. Outdoor games must be included in every lesson.

"Repeat after me"

For exercise, you can use available sports equipment (ball, jump rope).

The exercise consists of the presenter showing single movements or a series of movements, and the children watching, memorizing and repeating them correctly. This activity differs from classical morning exercises in that the movements are not accompanied by comments, that is, the child visually perceives the sequence of movements and remembers them through repetition.

"Prohibited Movement"

For exercise, you can use available sports equipment.

The presenter informs the players that he will show various movements that everyone must exactly repeat after him. But one movement is prohibited from repeating! At this moment, the players agree on which movement cannot be repeated after the leader. For example, today a prohibited movement is to place your hands on your belt. The presenter tries to confuse the players, shows movements at a fast pace, and distracts attention with funny movements. The players’ task is not to make a mistake and not to repeat the prohibited movement after the leader. You can also play in pairs.

Exercises to develop verbal-logical memory

Remember logically

During the learning process, the main load falls on verbal and logical memory. It needs to be developed and improved. The process of forming this memory begins in primary school, and it is very important to support it with additional activities. The programs of most school subjects are based on the student’s ability to work with text: read it, understand the content, remember and retell it. Therefore, for successful studies, it is very important to help your child learn to memorize and reproduce texts. We offer exercises that gradually build logical memorization skills, starting with working with a word in the first tasks, moving on to working with several sentences and ending with working with a text. In this section you will find tasks that train the basic ways of memorizing text: memorizing using a diagram, using keywords, using a system of questions, using a plan, using the restoration of deformed text. We suggest using simple and accessible examples to learn how to use these memorization methods, and the child will use them when doing homework related to working with text.

"Word Grouping"

For the lesson you will need cards with chains of 12 words.

First, give your child the task on card No. 1: “In front of you is a card with 12 words written on it. Concentrate, read them and remember them.” When your child reads the words and returns the card to you, ask him to repeat the chain of words. Discuss how many words he remembered. After this, do some physical education or an active game (for example, “Repeat after me”). After 5-7 minutes, give the child card No. 2, on which the words are written in 3 lines, but there are also 12 of them, and you need to remember all the words.

Compare the results, ask your child which words were easier to remember from which card. Of course, grouping words by meaning or by common feature makes it easier to memorize. And this skill must be trained. Invite your child to regroup the words on card No. 1 the same way as in card No. 2.

No. 1. Wardrobe, leaves, table, puddle, sofa, drop, tree, chair, buds, thunderstorm, forest, rain.

No. 2. Raspberries, strawberries, currants, blueberries; pen, notebook, pencil, ruler; summer, heat, sun, July.

We offer more options for word chains on which you can practice the ability to group words.

Blizzard, pie, February, shirt, candy, snowdrift, skirt, cake, dress, marmalade, trousers, frost.

River, shop, football, ocean, goalkeeper, stream, shopping, goal, sea, money, stadium, seller.

Pan, month, plate, fun, year, laughter, cup, day, joy, frying pan, smile, hour.

"Tie a Pair"

For the lesson, you need to come up with pairs of words that are not directly related to each other in meaning.

To memorize non-related concepts, it is useful to learn how to combine them. As a result of completing the task, the child must compose a sentence in which pairs of words are connected by a common thought. For example, given a couple of words candy - tree. It is necessary to connect these concepts with each other. “It would be nice if candies grew on trees like apples.” Such a sentence evokes a vivid visual image, and a couple of words become easy to remember. Also, doing this exercise develops associative thinking, this will help you subsequently complete tasks from the “Associations” exercise.

We suggest connecting the following pairs of words: river - notebook, bag - cloud, car - forest, butterfly - telephone, sea - plate.

"Associations"

Associations are one of the ways to remember material. After all, it often happens that, having seen one object, we remember about another. Then we say that the second object is associated in our minds with the first. It is easier to explain this to a child using a clear example. Take 4 pictures (for example, heart, clock, snowflake, lightning) and place them in front of the child.

Words: winter, love, time, thunderstorm.

After completing the task, ask the child about the principle by which he chose the pictures, and explain to him that he made this choice thanks to associations. Then you can move on to doing the exercises on your own.

Option 1

The task is to build a series of associations to the subject. The exercise can be performed individually or in a group, both orally and in writing. First, offer to come up with a series of associations for the words you used to explain this concept, to show that winter is associated not only with a snowflake. And then suggest other words.

kettle - water, cup, kitchen, mother, breakfast, warmth

pharmacy -

hair -

newspaper -

Option 2

It is more difficult for a child to perceive and remember abstract concepts. Therefore, in this version of the exercise, we propose to match abstract concepts with associations with specific objects and examples. Make associative series for the following words:

sports - stadium, TV, football, ball, jump rope, physical education lesson friendship - success - humor - joy - lies - weather -

“Drawing a diagram”

For the lesson, prepare sentences, short texts, a sheet of paper, and a pencil.

Drawing diagrams is one of the methods of logical memorization that must be taught to a child. Explain that a schematic drawing is a simple sketch that can only be understood by the author. First you need to show your child how to make a schematic drawing for one sentence. Let us give examples that can be used to teach a child to schematically reflect the content of a sentence (all diagrams are approximate, there may be others).

There is a large tree growing by the road.

The boy is skiing.

First, do the exercise with your child. When he understands the essence of the task, ask him to make a diagram for the proposal himself. Then have them create an outline for the two sentences.

The sky was overcast with black clouds. Soon it started strong

When the skill of drawing diagrams has been mastered in one or two sentences, you can move on to short texts. The purpose of the exercise is to listen to the text and sketch its main content. Then, using the diagram, retell the text. It is better if the child retells the text after some time, after 30-40 minutes. Then it will be clear that the scheme helps both to store information in memory and to reproduce it.

Option 1

Butterfly beauty

It was a summer day, the sun was getting hotter and hotter. The beautiful butterfly spread its bright wings and exposed them to the sun's rays. She fluttered cheerfully from flower to flower and joyfully sang: “Oh, how wonderful! Oh, how wonderful!”

Suddenly the wind rose, something rumbled in the distance, and the sky began to become cloudy. The butterfly babbled: “Oh, it’s about to start raining!” He will wet my beautiful wings!” The flowers answered her in chorus: “Don’t be afraid, we will hide you under our petals.”

Option 2

Transformations of snowflakes In winter, during snowfall, snowflakes fly together, dancing and spinning, especially if the wind is blowing. Falling to the ground, they turn into snowdrifts and lie there all winter, wrapping everything around in a white blanket. And only in the spring, when the sun begins to warm up strongly, the snowflakes melt, turning into streams of water.

"Keywords"

For the lesson, prepare excerpts from literary works, a sheet of paper, and a pen.

The purpose of the exercise is to learn how to highlight key words in the text that will help you remember the content and subsequently reproduce it. Explain to your child that the keys to memorizing text are words or phrases that convey facts (names of characters, place names, dates), events, their essence and meaning.

There are two options for working on the task: the child listens to the text, writing down key words or phrases in pauses, or reads the text independently, underlining the key words in it and writing them down on a piece of paper. The text is read twice. Then the child should try to retell the text, holding the written words in front of him. Correctly made extracts will help you remember facts and proper names, the sequence and essence of the events described in the text. As an example, we offer an excerpt from the fairy tale “Geese-Swans” about how a girl rushed to rescue her brother, who was carried away by geese-swans.

Geese-swans (excerpt)

She came running - there was a hut on chicken legs, standing and turning. Baba Yaga sits in the hut - a leg of clay; My brother is sitting on a bench, playing with golden apples. His sister saw him, crept up, grabbed him and ran, and the swan geese flew after her; the villains will catch up, where to go? She ran to a milk river with jelly banks: “Mother River, hide me!” - “Eat my jelly!” Nothing to do, I ate. The river planted her under the bank, the geese and swans flew by. She came out and said: “Thank you!” - and again runs with his brother; and the geese-swans have returned and are flying towards. What to do? Trouble! There is an apple tree. “Apple tree, mother apple tree, hide me!” - “Eat my forest apple!” I ate it quickly. The apple tree shaded it with branches, covered it with leaves - the geese and swans flew by. She came out and ran again with her brother, and the swan geese saw her and followed her; They swoop down completely, they’re already beating with their wings, and in no time they’ll rip him out of his hands! Fortunately, there is a stove on the road: “Madam stove, hide me!” - “Eat my rye pie!” The girl quickly puts the pie in her mouth and gets into the oven. The geese-swans flew and flew, shouted and flew away with nothing.

Possible keywords: hut on chicken legs; grabbed and ran; geese-swans in pursuit; milk river; Apple tree; madam stove; They flew away with nothing. The most common mistake when retelling a text is inconsistency in the presentation of events. In the above passage, one can also easily make such a mistake due to the large number of actions described. Key words will help avoid this if the child learns to highlight them.

"Questions"

For the lesson, prepare excerpts from literary works and questions for them.

The child will have to answer questions about a text or an article in a textbook throughout all years of school. It is important to learn how to perform this task correctly and understand that answering questions helps to comprehend the content of the text and thus remember it better, especially when the answer to the question is confirmed by words from the text. Such exercises are performed both orally and in writing. The child can not only answer the proposed questions, but also create questions for the text independently.

"Making a plan"

For the lesson, prepare excerpts from literary works.

Another method of verbal-logical memorization is drawing up a text plan. We offer a reminder that will help your child learn to make a plan and retell the text using the plan.

1. Read the text, write down the words that you don’t understand, and find out their meaning.

2. If the text has a title, then think about it, answer the question: “Why is the text called that?”

3. Divide the text into several semantic parts.

4. Underline the key words in each part (see exercise “Key words”).

5. Ask questions for each part of the text (see exercise “Questions”).

6. Title each part of the text using keywords or questions.

7. Read separately and retell each part of the text reflected in the plan, mentally drawing pictures of the content (see exercises from the section “Memorize visually”),

8. Retell the entire text using the plan you have drawn up.

Using this reminder, you can easily remember the training material. To practice the ability to draw up a plan and retell a text based on it, you can use excerpts from literary works.

"Confusion-1"

For this lesson you will need any text printed on a piece of paper.

It is assumed that the child has already memorized this text. You cut the printed text into separate passages or sentences, mix them up and give them to the child, who is tasked with reconstructing the sequence of passages or sentences so that the original text is obtained. The purpose of the exercise is to control memorization and consolidate the text in memory. If you need to remember the material well, transfer it from short-term memory to long-term memory, then this task with the same text can be performed several times with a period of time. For example, after 2-3 days.

Repetition rules

Repetition is the most important way to remember material. Since we are talking about logical methods of memorization, we will not talk about mechanical, but about meaningful, active repetition and its rules.

If you need to remember a small amount of material (for example, a rule), then read it, establish logical connections, then repeat it several times in a row, mentally creating a visual picture. Then repeat after 10-15 minutes, after an hour. To better remember the information, repeat the material in a few more days, in a month.

If you need to remember a large amount of material, then read it completely. Then break it into parts, read and tell it in parts, using all the memorization methods suggested above, repeating several times. At the end, tell the material in full. Repeat after a while. It must be taken into account that in the first two days after memorization, forgetting occurs most quickly, so during this time the material must be repeated.

To retain information in memory for a long time, it must be repeated periodically.

The exercises we offer will help your child master the basic methods of memorization. If these skills are developed, completing homework and understanding educational material in class will not cause difficulties for the child.

. When talking with your child, check whether the child remembers the material from the completed tasks after some time.

. Transferring information from short-term memory to long-term memory requires comprehension and repetition.

. Memorization of material will be stronger if repetitions are separated by significant time.

Be interested in what memorization methods your child uses while doing homework. If necessary, tell him the most suitable method.

Every person periodically faces the need to learn material of varying content and volume. This comes easily to some, but the vast majority of people face difficulties, not knowing how to quickly memorize a given amount of text.

The functioning of the human brain is still not 100% understood; we only know that we use a small part of the brain’s abilities. Psychological processes occurring in the human mind are amenable to daily training. Memory and other mechanisms of consciousness can be developed to unprecedented heights. A strong memory will allow you to achieve success in any area of ​​human life; it will be needed in everyday life, study, and will easily increase your intellectual abilities.

To learn text, artistic or scientific content, you will need constant memory training with exercises specially designed for this. Human memory is divided into visual, auditory, olfactory, gustatory and tactile. It represents the ability to remember and store any amount of information.

Each type of memory develops differently in people. Some people find it easier to remember a text by saying it out loud, while others, on the contrary, learn it better after visualizing what they read. Therefore, it is important to understand which type of memory is better developed in order to use it for memorization in the future.

The same information can be learned well in several ways. There are three ways to remember the necessary material in a short time.

• Method of rational memorization;

It is based on the use of logical memory. In the process of rational memorization, the semantic and logical connection of the material with life experience is consolidated in the mind. With rational memorization, awareness of the text read occurs and information is more easily perceived. This method helps to remember the material by heart, trains intellectual abilities and increases knowledge.

• Method of mnemonic memorization;

This is the most interesting method of the three. It helps to remember non-semantic information by processing it into images and associative connections. Mnemonic memorization is based on life experience, translating the text into images familiar to consciousness. This method helps to remember a large amount of material that does not carry a semantic load. These could be dates, phone numbers, names, addresses. It helps combat everyday forgetfulness by increasing the ability to mechanically remember things that happen.

• Method of rote memorization.

This method involves memorizing the material. It is considered ineffective and difficult to train, since it can fail at any moment, “falling out” of memory. As we age, our rote memorization ability declines.

Memorization techniques

To quickly assimilate text, different memorization techniques are used. One of the most effective methods of thoughtful reading. It is well suited for memorizing large and small volumes. This method is used by actors, for whom it is more important than anyone else to know how to quickly learn a text by heart.

• First, we slowly and carefully read the text that needs to be remembered. It's better to read it out loud. When reading, you need to understand the main idea of ​​the text, its main plot, so that you can remember it faster.
• If the volume of material is large, we break it down into meaningful parts. Each part must be learned separately, finding the main words or phrases in them. This will help in the future to restore all the text in order.
• After this, you need to rewrite all the text manually. This must be done slowly, delving into the essence of what is written.
• After everything is rewritten, we retell what we remember. You need to remember the smallest details, based on keywords. If you can’t remember a moment, it’s better not to look at the recording, but try to do it yourself. You can peek only as a last resort.
• Next, we rewrite a second time only what we remembered without prompting.
• At the last stage, we carefully re-read the text and retell it. It's better to do this before bed.

This memorization method is suitable for learning a text word for word. It will help students, schoolchildren and anyone who needs to know how to learn a large amount of information in a short time. Theater and film actors use this method to remember their roles.

Tricks for fast memorization

There are a few more simple but very effective tricks for memorizing the entire text, based on the nuances of our brain. To do this you need:

• Highlight the main points in the text with a bright marker;

This will allow you not to be distracted by unnecessary text. Actors thus highlight their lines in the script.

• Sing words or text;

This is a non-standard method of memorization. Having sung the material, it will be better embedded in your memory and you can recall it faster.

• You need to read until the meaning becomes completely clear;

It is very important to feel the feelings and emotions that the characters experience if this is fiction.

• After reading, you need to ask yourself questions about the content;
• Read out loud with expression;
• Write the text with the other hand;

If you are left-handed, write with your right hand, if you are right-handed, write with your left. This tricky trick will force your brain to spend more effort analyzing all the written material.

• Find a training partner;

The actors rehearse in pairs, this helps in their work. You can also ask someone you know to test your knowledge of all the material. Learning by heart is more interesting and much easier in a company.

• Record the text on a voice recorder;

Record the text on a recording device and listen to it throughout the day while doing your daily routine or while traveling. This will help you remember voluminous text without being distracted from other things and without wasting extra time.

Memory needs to be constantly trained. Memorizing information consists of encoding it and sending it to a special part of the brain for further storage. If the information is needed, it will be easily remembered. When it is not used for a long time, the brain will remove it as unnecessary. Forgetting is inherent in humans; it happens after a certain time. This is a natural mechanism of the brain and it helps not to overload the brain with unnecessary information and if it is not used, it disappears from memory over time.