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Option 31 Russian. Sample request

The answers to tasks 1–24 are a word, phrase, number or sequence of words, numbers. Write the answer to the right of the assignment number without spaces, commas or other additional characters.

Read the text and complete tasks 1–3.

(1) In ancient times and the Middle Ages, travelers rarely undertook long-distance sea and land expeditions. (2) The evidence of their routes and impressions that has survived to this day is often inaccurate and inconsistent. (3) However, the significance of their discoveries of previously unknown lands and peoples, _____, is great and priceless.

Which of the following sentences correctly conveys the MAIN information contained in the text?

1. Evidence of the routes and experiences of ancient and medieval travelers is often inaccurate and inconsistent.

2. Despite the fact that the evidence of travelers of antiquity and the Middle Ages is often inaccurate and inconsistent, the significance of their discoveries is great and priceless.

3. In ancient times and the Middle Ages, travelers rarely undertook long-distance sea and land expeditions.

4. The significance of the discoveries of previously unknown lands and peoples by travelers of antiquity and the Middle Ages is great and priceless.

5. The significance of the discoveries of ancient and medieval travelers, despite their inaccuracy and inconsistency, is great and priceless.

Which of the following words (combinations of words) should appear in the gap in the third (3) sentence of the text? Write down this word (combination of words).

1. maybe

2. fortunately

3. as a rule

4. definitely

5. however

Read a fragment of a dictionary entry that gives the meaning of the word CERTIFICATE. Determine the meaning in which this word is used in the second (2) sentence of the text. Write down the number corresponding to this value in the given fragment of the dictionary entry.

SVID E BODY, -a, cf.

1. Witness testimony. S. eyewitnesses.

2. Something that confirms, certifies something. event. Historical evidence.

3. A document certifying something. Marriage village S. about birth.

In one of the words below, an error was made in the placement of stress: the letter denoting the stressed vowel sound was highlighted incorrectly. Write this word down.

vulgarize

accepted

localities

One of the sentences below uses the highlighted word incorrectly. Correct the mistake and write the word correctly.

1. My friend is quite a DIPLOMATIC person.

2. Every step caused Meresyev UNBEARABLE pain.

3. The head of the city congratulated the actors of the drama theater, noting their excellent PERFORMANCE skills.

4. The rare beauty inherent in the Karelian Isthmus is created by ROYAL forests, towering over picturesque reservoirs.

5. After sowing and during the period of intensive growth of seedlings, ROOT fertilizing is carried out to maintain the active life of plants.

In one of the words highlighted below, an error was made in the formation of the word form. Correct the mistake and write the word correctly.

for KITCHENS

pair of STOCKINGS

SEVEN HUNDRED rubles

WILL RECOVER quickly

SWEETER THAN HONEY

Establish a correspondence between the sentences and the grammatical errors made in them: for each position in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.

GRAMMATICAL ERRORS	OFFERS
A) violation of aspect-temporal correlation of verb forms	1) Blue bitter smoke spreads down the river, rustling the foliage of old poplars.
B) an error in constructing a sentence with homogeneous members	2) More than eight minutes are required for sunlight to reach the Earth.
C) disruption of the connection between subject and predicate	3) The old man threw fresh wood chips into the fire and ran his finger along the edge of the ax.
D) violation in the construction of a sentence with an inconsistent application	4) At the last competition, the Zhiguli car came first.
D) incorrect use of the case form of a noun with a preposition	5) The magazine “Smene” reports on the most striking literary discoveries of the year.
	6) Children rarely listen to and follow the advice of their parents.
	7) Viktor Astafiev calls the story “The Last Bow” his best book.
	8) Society is concerned about the problem of extinction of large animals: elephants, tigers and others.
	9) According to scientists, there are now about six hundred active volcanoes on Earth.

Write your answer in numbers without spaces or other symbols

Identify the word in which the unstressed alternating vowel of the root is missing. Write out this word by inserting the missing letter.

lights up

anticipate

custodian

k...dieter

def...give

Identify the row in which the same letter is missing in both words. Write out these words by inserting the missing letter.

s...capacity, in...southern

claim, claim

from...drive away, pr...grandfather

un...play, from...skate

ra...chop, ra...bash

Write down the word in which the letter O is written in the blank.

embarrassed

canvas

Write down the word in which the letter E is written in the blank.

hear...my

you can stand it

checked

separate

bring back...my

Indicate all the numbers in whose place the letter E is written.

I can’t (1) like (2) understand how one can (3) admire, (4) love, or even just (5) know the history of their native country.

Determine the sentence in which both highlighted words are written CONTINUOUSLY. Open the brackets and write down these two words.

1. (ALL) EVERYWHERE large drops of dew began to glow like radiant diamonds; The sounds of a bell rushed towards me.

2. Egor woke up because SOMEONE was trying to twist his arm.

3. TO live well, (HUMANLY), you need to work well.

4. He wanted to go with me to (TO) MEET you, but for some reason he changed his mind.

5. (BY) the way a person conducts an argument, one can determine his character, and ALSO (the SAME) his intentions.

Indicate all the numbers in whose place NN is written.

Subsequently, I found in the storeroom some unusual (1) manuscripts, bound (2) in volumes and written (3) in Latin.

Place punctuation marks. Indicate the numbers of sentences in which you need to put ONE comma.

1. The oldest herbarium was collected at the beginning of the 16th century and is now kept in Rome.

2. In winter I went hunting or fishing or skiing.

3. For an observant person, there is a lot of interesting things in the taiga both in summer and winter.

4. Grandsons and great-grandsons went off to become pilots and sailors all over the river.

5. The eye never tires of admiring the fields and groves and the heart is full of a feeling of harmony with nature

The melody froze at a dizzying height (1) as if looking around the heavenly surroundings for the last time (2) broke loose and rushed off (3) accelerating and accelerating the tempo (4) shuddered freely and died down (5) hanging in exhaustion somewhere in the outskirts of heaven.

Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentences.

In other words (1) romanticism (2) in the words of V. G. Belinsky (3) is “an exceptional character in exceptional circumstances.” However (4) for many this is already (5) obvious.

Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence.

It seemed to me (1) that by some miracle I had come from the twentieth century to the time of Ivan Kalita (2) and that (3) if you get off the ship (4) you would immediately disappear.

Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence.

There were several letters (1) and (2) in the mailbox at once, if not for the strict prohibition of the commander (3), it is unlikely that anyone from the detachment would have resisted the temptation to check (4) if there was any news from home.

Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by replacing the incorrectly used word. Write down the selected word, observing the norms of the modern Russian literary language.

From this age, the chicken begins to lose its original flight feathers, being replaced by new ones, which are somewhat different from the previous ones in their formulation: new, real flight feathers have rounded ends.

Read the text and complete tasks 21-26.

(1) Long ago, in ancient times, an old-looking man lived on our street. (2) He worked in a forge on a large Moscow road. (3) His name was Efim, but all the people called him Yushka. (4) He was short and thin; on his wrinkled face, instead of a mustache and beard, sparse gray hairs grew separately; His eyes were white, like a blind man’s, and there was always moisture in them, like never-cooling tears.

(5) Yushka didn’t drink tea or buy sugar, he drank water, and wore the same clothes for many years without changing: in the summer he wore trousers and a blouse, black and sooty from work, burned through by sparks, so that His white body was visible in several places, and he was barefoot, but in winter he put on a short fur coat over his blouse, which he inherited from his deceased father, and his feet were shod in felt boots, which he hemmed in the fall, and wore the same pair every winter all his life.

(6) When Yushka walked down the street to the forge early in the morning, the old men and women got up and said that Yushka had already gone to work, it was time to get up, and they woke up the young people. (7) And in the evening, when Yushka went to spend the night, people said that it was time to have dinner and go to bed - and Yushka had already gone to bed.

(8) And small children and even those who became teenagers, seeing old Yushka walking quietly, stopped playing in the street, ran after Yushka and shouted:

(9) - There comes Yushka! (10) There's Yushka!

(11) The children picked up dry branches, stones, and rubbish from the ground in handfuls and threw them into Yushka.

(12) - Yushka! - the children shouted. (13) - Are you really Yushka?

(14) The old man did not answer the children and was not offended by them; he walked quietly and did not cover his face, into which pebbles and earthen debris fell.

(15) Due to this illness, Yushka left his owner for a month every summer. (16) He went on foot to a remote remote village, where he must have had relatives. (17) No one knew who they were to him. (18) On the way, he breathed the fragrance of grasses and forests, looked at the white clouds born in the sky, floating and dying in the bright airy warmth, listened to the voice of the rivers muttering on the stone rifts, and Yushka’s sore chest rested, he no longer felt his illness - consumption. (19) Having gone far away, where it was completely deserted, Yushka no longer hid his love for living beings. (20) He bent down to the ground and kissed the flowers, trying not to breathe on them so that they would not be spoiled by his breath, he stroked the bark of the trees and picked up butterflies and beetles from the path that had fallen dead, and peered into their faces for a long time, feeling feeling orphaned without them. (21) But living birds sang in the sky, dragonflies, beetles and hard-working grasshoppers made cheerful sounds in the grass, and therefore Yushka’s soul was light, the sweet air of flowers smelling of moisture and sunlight entered his chest.

(22) Along the way, Yushka rested: he sat in the shade of a roadside tree and dozed in peace and warmth. (23) Having rested and caught his breath in the field, he no longer remembered the illness and walked on cheerfully, like a healthy person. (24) Yushka was forty years old, but illness had long tormented him and aged him before his time, so that he seemed decrepit to everyone.

(25) And so every year Yushka left through fields, forests and rivers to a distant village or to Moscow, where someone was waiting for him or no one was waiting - no one in the city knew about this.

(26) A month later, Yushka usually returned back to the city and again worked from morning to evening in the forge. (27) He again began to live as before, and again children and adults, residents of the street, made fun of Yushka, reproached him for his unrequited stupidity and tormented him.

(28) Yushka lived peacefully until the summer of next year, and in the middle of the summer he put his knapsack on his shoulders, put the money he had earned and saved in a year, a total of one hundred rubles, into a separate bag, hung that bag in his bosom on his chest and went to no one knows where and no one knows. to whom.

(29) But year after year Yushka grew weaker and weaker, so the time of his life passed and passed and chest illness tormented his body and exhausted him, because of it he died.

(30) They remembered Yushka again only in late autumn. (31) One dark, bad day, a young girl came to the forge and asked the blacksmith owner: where could she find Efim Dmitrievich?

(32) - Which Efim Dmitrievich? - the blacksmith was surprised. (ZZ) - We’ve never had anything like this here.

(34) The girl, having listened, did not leave, however, and silently waited for something. (35) The blacksmith looked at her: what kind of guest the bad weather brought him. (36) The girl looked frail and short in stature, but her soft, clean face was so tender and meek, and her large gray eyes looked so sad, as if they were about to fill with tears, that the blacksmith’s heart warmed up, looking at the guest, and suddenly I realized.

Option 31. Assignments for the Unified State Exam 2018. Russian language. I.P. Tsybulko. 36 options

Read the text and complete tasks 1 - 3

(1) We owe the appearance of the thermos not only to the fundamental science of physics, despite the fact that scientists have done a lot for this: A.F. Weinhold invented in 1881 a glass box with double walls, between which he pumped out air, and J. Dewar in 1892 turned this glass container into a flask with a narrow neck. (2) It was a brilliant invention from a scientific point of view, but impractical, which was understood by the Berlin glass manufacturer R. Burger, who in 1903 improved the Dewar flask by adding a metal body, a stopper and a cup lid. (3) Having received a patent, the enterprising industrialist Burger founded a company of the same name to produce thermos flasks, and from March 1904 the Thermos trademark began to be used for commercial purposes.

1. Indicate two sentences that correctly convey the MAIN information contained in the text. Write down the numbers of these sentences.

1) We owe the appearance of the thermos primarily to the German physicist A.F. Weinhold, who at the end of the 19th century created a heat-insulating glass container with air pumped out between the walls.

2) The mechanism of the thermos was invented by A.F. Weinhold, who came up with a glass box with double walls, J. Dewar turned this container into a flask with a narrow neck, and R. Burger improved the vessel by adding a metal body, a stopper and a lid-cup , and began selling his floor under the Thermos brand.

3) We owe the appearance of the thermos not only to physicists, but also to industrialists: the first Dewar vessels for commercial use were produced by the founder of the Thermos company, R. Burger, who improved the invention of A.F. Weinhold and J. Dewar.

4) The thermos became popular thanks to R. Burger, who turned a heat-insulating glass box into a flask with a narrow neck, thereby improving an impractical, although scientifically brilliant, invention.

5) A Dewar vessel, called a thermos in everyday life, is intended for thermal insulation, long-term storage, transportation and further use of the substance contained in it.

2. Which of the following words (combinations of words) should appear in the gap in the second (2) sentence of the text? Write down this word (combination of words).

although not as much as if not

3. Read a fragment of a dictionary entry that gives the meaning of the word CASE. Determine the meaning in which this word is used in the second (2) sentence of the text. Write down the number corresponding to this value in the given fragment of the dictionary entry. BODY, -a, m.

1) The body of a person or animal. Large, heavy.

2) Core, shell of something. K. ship. K. hours.

3) A separate building in a row of several or a separate large part of the building. Factory buildings. Side k.

4) A large military formation of several divisions. Motorized, tank, aviation, airborne cavalry.

5) A set of persons united by a community of some kind. official position. Diplomatic department. Correspondent department (in a certain country: correspondents from different countries).

6) In pre-revolutionary Russia: secondary military educational institution. Cadet school. Morskoy school.

4. In one of the words below, an error was made in the placement of stress: the letter denoting the stressed vowel sound was highlighted incorrectly. Write this word down.

TAKEN AHEAD OF THE REPEATED CONVENTION

5. One of the sentences below uses the highlighted word incorrectly. Correct the lexical error by choosing a paronym for the highlighted word. Write down the chosen word.

The ONLY person Caesar trusted was his physician.

SKILLED stone has a wide range of applications: it is used for finishing the facades of buildings, as well as for interior decoration.

The deputy did not wait for a RESPONSE to his initiatives and came up with a new proposal.

Some unknown force always helped him out: he possessed a kind of EVERYTHING wisdom even in his youth.

The girl's heart was overflowing with joy.

6. In one of the words highlighted below, an error was made in the formation of the word form. Correct the mistake and write the word correctly.

LONGER than others

no FROST

EIGHTY sprouts

RIDE faster

on BOTH banks

7. Establish a correspondence between grammatical errors and the sentences in which they were made: for each position in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.

GRAMMATICAL ERRORS

A) violation in the construction of a sentence with a participial phrase

B) an error in constructing a sentence with homogeneous members

B) error in constructing a complex sentence

D) incorrect construction of sentences with participial phrases

D) incorrect use of the case form of a noun with a preposition

OFFERS

1) The classification of sands is still used by desert researchers today, developed by V. A. Obruchev.

2) The sound of the sea coming from below spoke of peace.

3) The teacher reminded that abstracts must be submitted no later than March.

4) Favorable conditions have been created not only for the publication of scientific works, but also for their implementation in practice.

5) Answering the manager’s question, I assumed that the TV’s warranty period had not yet expired.

6) Contrary to analysts’ forecasts, this year the airline managed to maintain traffic volumes at last year’s level.

7) Those who think that good manners exist in isolation from real life are mistaken.

8) Scientists, having discovered organic substances in comets, assumed the existence of life outside the Earth.

9) Large enterprises were built and maintained using treasury funds, which were then transferred to private owners on preferential terms.

8. Identify the word in which the unstressed vowel of the root being tested is missing. Write out this word by inserting the missing letter.

water..if unsatisfactory (beauty) in..teran rip apart horizontal..zonal

9. Identify the row in which the same letter is missing in both words. Write out these words by inserting the missing letter.

pr..attracted, pr..wise

pr..shored, pr..graded

h..spend the night, out..bent

worthless, ra..run

by..said, oh..sorry

10. Write down the word in which the letter E is written in place of the gap.

honor

arrogant

overcome..overcome

jump away...

pliable

11. Write down the word in which the letter I is written in place of the gap.

hesitate...my

invisible..my

haunted..my

reinterpreted

dance..sew

12. Determine the sentence in which NOT is written together with the word. Open the brackets and write down this word.

I feel that it is absolutely (NOT) NECESSARY to change the topic of conversation.

The director is driven by (NOT) the DESIRE to become famous, but by real cinematic passion.

Unfortunately, the problem is (NOT) SOLVED.

Mongolia is the largest landlocked state in the world by territory.

A skeptic (DOES NOT) BELIEVE in something that he has not personally verified.

13. Determine the sentence in which both highlighted words are written CONTINUOUSLY. Open the brackets and write down these two words.

(BY) the way they listened to him, Vasiliev realized: WHATEVER he told now, they would not believe him.

Some fellings do not become overgrown for a long time, (THUS) FOR several years, early small berries can be collected from them.

(B)AFTER one absurd misunderstanding came another - (B)ON THIS occasion another endless correspondence began with the road management.

Forest raspberries (COMPARED) to garden chalk, but much sweeter and more fragrant, (FROM) THAT, even having beautiful large garden raspberries, villagers love to go for forest raspberries.

The room in which Ilya Ilyich Oblomov was lying, (F) AT THE BEGINNING it seemed beautifully decorated, but (S) SOON this impression was replaced by another.

14. Indicate the number(s) in whose place(s) NN is written.

Valaam became a true (1) school of painting for I. I. Shishkin: the first (2) Valaam canvases brought him a silver (3) medal from the Academy of Arts, and after two landscapes were awarded (4) a gold medal, the artist immediately (5) sent on a creative trip to Italy.

15. Place punctuation marks. List two sentences that require ONE comma. Write down the numbers of these sentences.

1) The climatic conditions of the region affect both the architecture of buildings and the layout of apartments.

2) To develop new types of equipment, we need both equipment and highly qualified workers, both engineering and technical personnel and experimental plants.

3) The products of many machine-building plants are difficult to transport due to their heavy weight or large size.

4) During botanical excursions and surveys in many regions and regions, observations were made and information was collected on the use of plants in folk medicine.

5) V. M. Vasnetsov carefully studied the ancient Russian icon painting technique and subsequently some of its techniques were used by him in his work on historical paintings.

16. Place all punctuation marks: indicate the number(s), in the place of which(s) there should be a comma(s).

In front of us lay the Koishauri Valley (1) crossed, as if by two silver threads, by the Aragva and another river (2) and (3) escaping into the neighboring gorges from the warm rays of the sun (4) a bluish fog slid across it.

17. Place all punctuation marks: indicate the number(s) in the place of which(s) there should be a comma(s).

Our dear mother earth (1)

In days of trouble and in days of victory

There is no (2) you (3) brighter and more beautiful

And there is nothing more desirable to the heart.

Thinking about the soldier's

Unpredicted fate

Even lie in a mass grave

Better (4) seems (5) in you.

(A. T. Tvardovsky)

18. Place all punctuation marks: indicate the number(s), in the place of which(s) there should be a comma(s).

A loan (1) issued for any period within the limits (2) of which (3) it is possible to spend (4) on a specific need (5) is called a bank loan.

19. Place all punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers that should be replaced by commas.

At sunset it began to rain (1) which immediately dispelled the stuffiness that had accumulated in the air (2) and (3) while it made a loud and monotonous noise in the garden around the house (4) the sweet freshness of wet greenery came through the open windows in the hall.

20. Edit the sentence: correct a lexical error by replacing the incorrectly used word. Write down the selected word, observing the norms of the modern Russian literary language.

It is important to understand which of the characters in the story is most impressed by the author of the work

Read the text and complete tasks 21 - 26

(6) Due to the lack of roads, the convoys lag behind the troops, as well as the siege cannons. (7) The Northern War began during a muddy season, in October 1700, near Narva, when a shortage of nuclei was immediately discovered. (8) The gunpowder was bad. (9) The artillerymen have to lay a one-and-a-half charge. (10) This causes guns to explode and bombardiers to die. (11) Seeing such troubles, captain of the artillery company Gummert goes over to the side of the Swedes. (12) The military advisers hired by Peter are bad and do not live up to expectations.

(13) During the bombardment of Noteburg, the guns kept breaking down. (14) When the soldiers went to storm the fortress, they could not climb into the gap in the wall: the stairs turned out to be too short.

(15) Even when the Russians surrounded the fortress, Sheremetev, the commander of the army, sent a trumpeter to the commandant with a message. (16) The field marshal suggested that the Swedes surrender. (17) Their situation is hopeless. (18) There will be no help from anywhere. (19) In response, the Swedish commandant Schliepenbach politely and sarcastically thanked for the explanation of the reasons why the garrison should surrender, and asked for a few days to obtain permission from his superiors.

(20) This answer did not suit Sheremetev. (21) The shelling resumed. (22) Fires started in different parts of the fortress, black columns of smoke rose into the gloomy October sky.

(23) All the wooden buildings of the fortress had already burned in the fire. (24) Half of the Russian guns overheated and were out of action. (25) The Russians decided to storm and rushed into the gaps made by artillery. (26) The Swedes poured tar on them and shot at them point-blank. (27) They fought desperately. (28) The fortress was considered impregnable, and for good reason: the walls are high, the strip of land between the walls and the water is narrow, so that the besiegers cannot turn around.

(29) The assault lasted hour after hour, thirteen hours, every now and then the inexperience of the Russians was revealed, the lack of siege weapons, Peter saw everything from his battery. (30) His best guards died. (31) The disgrace of the “Narva Confusion” has loomed again. (32) Burning resin from the defenders of the fortress poured from above, and wooden stairs burst into flames. (33) Preobrazhentsy, Semyonovtsy - his favorites, his hope - fell at the stone walls, the dead got stuck in too narrow gaps. (34) The “Bomber Captain” could not help them in any way; convulsions ran across his face. (35) His lips trembled when he gave the order to retreat, (36) And then the unprecedented happened - Lieutenant Colonel of the Semenovsky regiment Mikhail Golitsyn disobeyed:

Tell the king that I am no longer his, but God’s.

(37) And Peter was not angry with the disobedient man, Peter rejoiced: the fighting spirit he dreamed of appeared, when an officer does what needs to be done not for the king, but for victory!

(38) His guards and Preobrazhensky soldiers repeated the attack. (39) There was no turning back for them; they themselves pushed the ships they had sailed on into the water and sent them down the river. (40) Now all they had to do was take the fortress. (41) At this time, despite the shelling, a fresh detachment of Second Lieutenant Menshikov landed on the island. (42) The Russians again and again rushed hand-to-hand. (43) No one and nothing could stop the attackers. (44) In the morning the Swedes surrendered. (45) Peter accepted from Schliepenbach the golden key to the fortress gates.

(54) The formation of Russian soldiers, led by Sheremetev and Peter, saluted the staunch, courageous defenders of the fortress. (55) As a sign of the highest respect, the Swedes were allowed to take personal weapons with them, and officers - swords.

(56) Peter immediately ordered to rename the fortress Shlisselburg (Key City), give it a new flag, coat of arms and award everyone with medals.

(57) History attributes the victory to two commanders - Sheremetev and Repnin - and, of course, Peter.

(58) The victory taught both officers, soldiers, and the tsar himself a lot: he forever remembered the moment of his weakness.

(59) Already a week later, medals were knocked out in honor of the capture of Noteburg: Peter and the siege of the fortress were depicted.

(According to D. A. Granin)

21. Which of the statements do not correspond to the content of the text? Please provide answer numbers.

1) Peter I forever remembered the moment of his weakness during the siege of Noteburg.

2) The “Bomber Captain,” seeing how his guards were dying during the assault on the impregnable fortress, ordered a retreat.

3) The lieutenant colonel of the Semenovsky regiment, disobeying Peter’s order to retreat, went over to the side of the Swedes.

4) Russian soldiers and officers, led by Peter, saluted the soldiers and officers of the Swedish garrison who staunchly defended the fortress.

5) The siege of a fortress called Oreshek and located on the banks of the river went down in history as the “Narva embarrassment.”

22. Which of the following statements are true? Please provide answer numbers.

1) Sentence 2 explains the content of sentence 1.

2) Proposition 20 names the consequence of what is said in sentence 21.

3) Sentences 23-26 present the reasoning.

4) Sentences 34, 35 contain elements of a description of the human condition.

5) Sentences 41-45 contain a narrative.

23. From sentences 23-25, write down one phraseological unit.

24. Among sentences 46-53, find one(s) that is related to the previous one using cognates and a possessive pronoun. Write the number(s) of this sentence(s).

25. “In the text by D. A. Granin, Peter I appears as a commander who cares about his troops: this is emphasized by the lexical device - (A)____ (“his favorites, his hope” in sentence 33). You read the text and it’s as if you hear the king’s speech - thanks to the use of such a lexical device as (B)____ (“I was not angry with the disobedient” in sentence 37). The sense of justice inherent in Peter and his officers is conveyed by the repeatedly used device - (B)____ (“not his, but God’s” in sentence 36, “not for the king, but for victory” in sentence 37) and the syntactic device - (D) ____ (in sentences 54, 56).”

List of terms:

1) series of homogeneous members of the sentence

2) exclamatory sentence

3) opposition

4) parcellation

5) emotional-evaluative words

6) outdated words

7) epiphora

8) phraseological units

26. Write an essay.

Option 31
Job number	Answer	Job number	Answer
			first soon



	artificial		145 or any combination of these numbers

			1234 or any combination of these numbers
	unfading		sympathizes
	mediocre run-up
	overcome
	invisible		out of order
	necessary

Problem

1. The problem of the reasons for victory in the war. (What helps you win a war?)

2. The problem of the need to learn lessons from victories and defeats in war. (Why do we need to learn lessons from defeats and victories in war?)

1. Bravery, courage, the fighting spirit of the army and a sense of unity help to win a war. So, the Russian army took the impregnable fortress of Noteburg, because a fighting spirit appeared in the troops, everyone did everything that needed to be done not for the tsar, but for victory, and no one could stop the stormers.

2. We must learn lessons from victories and defeats in war, we must also remember our moments of weakness: this allows us to correct mistakes and move on.

Option No. 665145

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Text starting with words “Self-doubt is an ancient problem,”

Listen to the text and write a concise summary. The source text for the condensed presentation is listened to 2 times.

Please note that you must convey the main content of both the micro-topic and the entire text as a whole.

The volume of presentation is at least 70 words.

Write your summary in neat, legible handwriting.

Use the player to listen to the recording.

Solutions to long-answer tasks are not automatically checked.
The next page will ask you to check them yourself.

Which answer option contains the information necessary to substantiate the answer to the question: “Why didn’t the old woman want to give Lyonka the boards, calling them a national treasure?”

1) The old woman believed that she should be rewarded for preserving the engraving boards.

2) The old woman believed that the engraving boards belonged only to her as a representative of the people.

3) The old woman understood the artistic value of the boards, perceiving her father’s work as real art.

4) The old woman did not want to give the engraving boards to Lyonka, because she considered him an unreliable person.

(According to K. G. Paustovsky) *

Answer:

In which answer option is colloquial vocabulary used as a means of expressive speech?

1) - (3) Lenya, you should tell me something more fun.

2) (16) Fedosya, a woman from Pystyna, butts in here...

3) (19) These boards will come in handy.

4) (24) Especially the portrait of Pugachev - you can’t look at it for a long time: it seems that you are talking to him yourself.

(2) It was boring to go.

– (4) What to tell? - Lyonka answered. - (5) Is it about the old women in our village? (6) These old women are the daughters of the famous artist Pozhalostin. (7) He was an academician, but he came out of our shepherd kids, from the snotty ones. (8) His engravings hang in museums in Paris, London and here in Ryazan. (9) I suppose you saw it?

(10) I remembered the beautiful engravings, slightly yellowed by time, on the walls of my room in the house of two busy old women. (11) I also remembered the first, very strange feeling from the engravings. (12) These were portraits of old-fashioned people, and I could not get rid of their glances. (13) A crowd of ladies and men in tightly buttoned frock coats, a crowd of the seventies of the nineteenth century, looked at me from the walls with deep attention.

“(14) One day the blacksmith Yegor comes to the village council,” Lenya continued. - (15) There is nothing, he says, to repair what is required, so let’s remove the bells.

(16) Fedosya, a woman from Pustyn, interrupts here: (17) “In the Pozhalostins’ house, old women walk on copper boards. (18) Something is scratched on those boards - I don’t understand. (19) These boards will come in handy.”

(20) I came to the Pozhalostins, said what was the matter, and asked to show these boards. (21) The old woman brings out boards wrapped in a clean towel. (22) I looked and froze. (23) Honest mother, what fine work, how firmly carved! (24) Especially the portrait of Pugachev - you can’t look at it for a long time: it seems that you are talking to him yourself. (25) “Give me the boards for storage, otherwise they will be melted down for nails,” I tell her.

(26) She cried and said: (27) “What are you talking about! (28) This is a national treasure, I won’t give it up for anything.”

(29) In general, we saved these boards and sent them to Ryazan, to the museum.

(30) Then they called a meeting to try me for hiding the boards. (31) I came out and said: (32) “Not you, but your children will understand the value of these engravings, but the work of others must be respected. (33) The man came from shepherds, studied for decades on black bread and water, so much work, sleepless nights, human torment, talent was put into each board...”

– (34) Talent! - Lenya repeated louder. - (35) You need to understand this! (36) This must be protected and appreciated! (37) Isn’t it true?

(According to K. G. Paustovsky) *

* Paustovsky Konstantin Georgievich (1892-1968) - Russian writer and publicist, master of lyrical and romantic prose, author of works about nature, historical stories, artistic memoirs.

Answer:

From sentences 14-19, write down a word in which the spelling of the prefix is determined by its meaning - “approximation”.

(1) At dawn, Lyonka and I drank tea and went to the mshars to look for wood grouse. (2) It was boring to go.

- (3) You, Lenya, should tell me something more fun.

“(14) One day the blacksmith Yegor comes to the village council,” Lenya continued. - (15) There is nothing, he says, to repair what is required, so let’s remove the bells.

(26) She cried and said: (27) “What are you talking about! (28) This is a national treasure, I won’t give it up for anything.”

(29) In general, we saved these boards and sent them to Ryazan, to the museum.

– (34) Talent! - Lenya repeated louder. - (35) You need to understand this! (36) This must be protected and appreciated! (37) Isn’t it true?

(According to K. G. Paustovsky) *

* Paustovsky Konstantin Georgievich (1892-1968) - Russian writer and publicist, master of lyrical and romantic prose, author of works about nature, historical stories, artistic memoirs.

(1) At dawn, Lyonka and I drank tea and went to the mshars to look for wood grouse.

Answer:

From sentences 20-25, write down a word in which the spelling of the suffix is determined by the rule: “In short passive participles, one letter N is written.”

(1) At dawn, Lyonka and I drank tea and went to the mshars to look for wood grouse. (2) It was boring to go.

- (3) You, Lenya, should tell me something more fun.

“(14) One day the blacksmith Yegor comes to the village council,” Lenya continued. - (15) There is nothing, he says, to repair what is required, so let’s remove the bells.

(26) She cried and said: (27) “What are you talking about! (28) This is a national treasure, I won’t give it up for anything.”

(29) In general, we saved these boards and sent them to Ryazan, to the museum.

– (34) Talent! - Lenya repeated louder. - (35) You need to understand this! (36) This must be protected and appreciated! (37) Isn’t it true?

(According to K. G. Paustovsky) *

* Paustovsky Konstantin Georgievich (1892-1968) - Russian writer and publicist, master of lyrical and romantic prose, author of works about nature, historical stories, artistic memoirs.

(2) It was boring to go.

Answer:

Replace the colloquial word “I suppose” in sentence 9 with a stylistically neutral synonym. Write this synonym.

(1) At dawn, Lyonka and I drank tea and went to the mshars to look for wood grouse. (2) It was boring to go.

- (3) You, Lenya, should tell me something more fun.

“(14) One day the blacksmith Yegor comes to the village council,” Lenya continued. - (15) There is nothing, he says, to repair what is required, so let’s remove the bells.

(26) She cried and said: (27) “What are you talking about! (28) This is a national treasure, I won’t give it up for anything.”

(29) In general, we saved these boards and sent them to Ryazan, to the museum.

– (34) Talent! - Lenya repeated louder. - (35) You need to understand this! (36) This must be protected and appreciated! (37) Isn’t it true?

(According to K. G. Paustovsky) *

* Paustovsky Konstantin Georgievich (1892-1968) - Russian writer and publicist, master of lyrical and romantic prose, author of works about nature, historical stories, artistic memoirs.

(9) I suppose you saw it?

Answer:

Replace the phrase “sleepless nights” (sentence 33), built on the basis of agreement, with a synonymous phrase with the connection management. Write the resulting phrase.

(1) At dawn, Lyonka and I drank tea and went to the mshars to look for wood grouse. (2) It was boring to go.

- (3) You, Lenya, should tell me something more fun.

“(14) One day the blacksmith Yegor comes to the village council,” Lenya continued. - (15) There is nothing, he says, to repair what is required, so let’s remove the bells.

(26) She cried and said: (27) “What are you talking about! (28) This is a national treasure, I won’t give it up for anything.”

(29) In general, we saved these boards and sent them to Ryazan, to the museum.

– (34) Talent! - Lenya repeated louder. - (35) You need to understand this! (36) This must be protected and appreciated! (37) Isn’t it true?

(According to K. G. Paustovsky) *

* Paustovsky Konstantin Georgievich (1892-1968) - Russian writer and publicist, master of lyrical and romantic prose, author of works about nature, historical stories, artistic memoirs.

(3) You, Lenya, should tell me something more fun.

Answer:

Write down the grammatical basis of sentence 35.

(1) At dawn, Lyonka and I drank tea and went to the mshars to look for wood grouse. (2) It was boring to go.

- (3) You, Lenya, should tell me something more fun.

“(14) One day the blacksmith Yegor comes to the village council,” Lenya continued. - (15) There is nothing, he says, to repair what is required, so let’s remove the bells.

(26) She cried and said: (27) “What are you talking about! (28) This is a national treasure, I won’t give it up for anything.”

(29) In general, we saved these boards and sent them to Ryazan, to the museum.

– (34) Talent! - Lenya repeated louder. - (35) You need to understand this! (36) This must be protected and appreciated! (37) Isn’t it true?

(According to K. G. Paustovsky) *

* Paustovsky Konstantin Georgievich (1892-1968) - Russian writer and publicist, master of lyrical and romantic prose, author of works about nature, historical stories, artistic memoirs.

(3) You, Lenya, should tell me something more fun.

Answer:

Among offers 14-19, find an offer with a common application. Write the number of this offer.

(1) At dawn, Lyonka and I drank tea and went to the mshars to look for wood grouse. (2) It was boring to go.

- (3) You, Lenya, should tell me something more fun.

“(14) One day the blacksmith Yegor comes to the village council,” Lenya continued. - (15) There is nothing, he says, to repair what is required, so let’s remove the bells.

(26) She cried and said: (27) “What are you talking about! (28) This is a national treasure, I won’t give it up for anything.”

(29) In general, we saved these boards and sent them to Ryazan, to the museum.

– (34) Talent! - Lenya repeated louder. - (35) You need to understand this! (36) This must be protected and appreciated! (37) Isn’t it true?

(According to K. G. Paustovsky) *

* Paustovsky Konstantin Georgievich (1892-1968) - Russian writer and publicist, master of lyrical and romantic prose, author of works about nature, historical stories, artistic memoirs.

(1) At dawn, Lyonka and I drank tea and went to the mshars to look for wood grouse.

Answer:

In the sentences below from the text read, all commas are numbered. Write down the numbers indicating commas in the introductory word.

One day the blacksmith Egor comes to the village council, (1) - Lenya continued.

There is nothing, (2) he says, (3) to fix what is required, (5) so let’s remove the bells.

(1) At dawn, Lyonka and I drank tea and went to the mshars to look for wood grouse. (2) It was boring to go.

- (3) You, Lenya, should tell me something more fun.

“(14) One day the blacksmith Yegor comes to the village council,” Lenya continued. - (15) There is nothing, he says, to repair what is required, so let’s remove the bells.

(26) She cried and said: (27) “What are you talking about! (28) This is a national treasure, I won’t give it up for anything.”

(29) In general, we saved these boards and sent them to Ryazan, to the museum.

– (34) Talent! - Lenya repeated louder. - (35) You need to understand this! (36) This must be protected and appreciated! (37) Isn’t it true?

(According to K. G. Paustovsky) *

* Paustovsky Konstantin Georgievich (1892-1968) - Russian writer and publicist, master of lyrical and romantic prose, author of works about nature, historical stories, artistic memoirs.

Answer:

Indicate the number of grammatical bases in sentence 33. Write the answer in numbers.

(1) At dawn, Lyonka and I drank tea and went to the mshars to look for wood grouse. (2) It was boring to go.

- (3) You, Lenya, should tell me something more fun.

“(14) One day the blacksmith Yegor comes to the village council,” Lenya continued. - (15) There is nothing, he says, to repair what is required, so let’s remove the bells.

(26) She cried and said: (27) “What are you talking about! (28) This is a national treasure, I won’t give it up for anything.”

(29) In general, we saved these boards and sent them to Ryazan, to the museum.

– (34) Talent! - Lenya repeated louder. - (35) You need to understand this! (36) This must be protected and appreciated! (37) Isn’t it true?

(According to K. G. Paustovsky) *

* Paustovsky Konstantin Georgievich (1892-1968) - Russian writer and publicist, master of lyrical and romantic prose, author of works about nature, historical stories, artistic memoirs.

(3) You, Lenya, should tell me something more fun.

Answer:

In the sentences below from the text read, all commas are numbered. Write down the numbers indicating commas between parts of a complex sentence connected by a subordinate connection.

I came to the Pozhalostins, (1) said, (2) what was the matter, (3) and asked to show these boards. The old woman brings out boards (4) wrapped in a clean towel. I looked and froze.

(1) At dawn, Lyonka and I drank tea and went to the mshars to look for wood grouse. (2) It was boring to go.

- (3) You, Lenya, should tell me something more fun.

“(14) One day the blacksmith Yegor comes to the village council,” Lenya continued. - (15) There is nothing, he says, to repair what is required, so let’s remove the bells.

(26) She cried and said: (27) “What are you talking about! (28) This is a national treasure, I won’t give it up for anything.”

(29) In general, we saved these boards and sent them to Ryazan, to the museum.

– (34) Talent! - Lenya repeated louder. - (35) You need to understand this! (36) This must be protected and appreciated! (37) Isn’t it true?

(According to K. G. Paustovsky) *

* Paustovsky Konstantin Georgievich (1892-1968) - Russian writer and publicist, master of lyrical and romantic prose, author of works about nature, historical stories, artistic memoirs.

Answer:

Among sentences 28-32, find a complex sentence with sequential subordination of subordinate clauses. Write the number of this offer.

(1) At dawn, Lyonka and I drank tea and went to the mshars to look for wood grouse. (2) It was boring to go.

- (3) You, Lenya, should tell me something more fun.

“(14) One day the blacksmith Yegor comes to the village council,” Lenya continued. - (15) There is nothing, he says, to repair what is required, so let’s remove the bells.

(26) She cried and said: (27) “What are you talking about! (28) This is a national treasure, I won’t give it up for anything.”

(29) In general, we saved these boards and sent them to Ryazan, to the museum.

– (34) Talent! - Lenya repeated louder. - (35) You need to understand this! (36) This must be protected and appreciated! (37) Isn’t it true?

(According to K. G. Paustovsky) *

* Paustovsky Konstantin Georgievich (1892-1968) - Russian writer and publicist, master of lyrical and romantic prose, author of works about nature, historical stories, artistic memoirs.

“(14) One day the blacksmith Yegor comes to the village council,” Lenya continued. - (15) There is nothing, he says, to repair what is required, so let’s remove the bells.

(26) She cried and said: (27) “What are you talking about! (28) This is a national treasure, I won’t give it up for anything.”

(29) In general, we saved these boards and sent them to Ryazan, to the museum.

– (34) Talent! - Lenya repeated louder. - (35) You need to understand this! (36) This must be protected and appreciated! (37) Isn’t it true?

(According to K. G. Paustovsky) *

* Paustovsky Konstantin Georgievich (1892-1968) - Russian writer and publicist, master of lyrical and romantic prose, author of works about nature, historical stories, artistic memoirs.

You can write a paper in a scientific or journalistic style, revealing the topic using linguistic material. You can start your essay with the words of F.I. Buslaeva.

Work written without reference to the text read (not based on this text) is not graded.

15.2 Write an argumentative essay. Explain how you understand the meaning of the ending of the text: “- Talanta! - Lenya repeated louder. - You need to understand this! This must be protected and appreciated! Isn’t it true?”

In your essay, provide 2 arguments from the text you read that support your reasoning.

When giving examples, indicate the numbers of the required sentences or use citations.

The essay must be at least 70 words.

If the essay is a retelling or completely rewritten of the original text without any comments, then such work is scored zero points.

Write an essay carefully, legible handwriting.

15.3 How do you understand the meaning of the phrase REAL ART?

Formulate and comment on the definition you have given. Write an essay-argument on the topic “What is real art”, taking the definition you gave as the thesis. When arguing your thesis, give 2 examples-arguments that confirm your reasoning: give one example-argument from the text you read, and the second from your life experience.

The essay must be at least 70 words.

If the essay is a retelling or completely rewritten of the original text without any comments, then such work is scored zero points.

Write an essay carefully, legible handwriting.

(1) At dawn, Lyonka and I drank tea and went to the mshars to look for wood grouse. (2) It was boring to go.

- (3) You, Lenya, should tell me something more fun.

“(14) One day the blacksmith Yegor comes to the village council,” Lenya continued. - (15) There is nothing, he says, to repair what is required, so let’s remove the bells.

(26) She cried and said: (27) “What are you talking about! (28) This is a national treasure, I won’t give it up for anything.”

(29) In general, we saved these boards and sent them to Ryazan, to the museum.

– (34) Talent! - Lenya repeated louder. - (35) You need to understand this! (36) This must be protected and appreciated! (37) Isn’t it true?

(According to K. G. Paustovsky) *

* Paustovsky Konstantin Georgievich (1892-1968) - Russian writer and publicist, master of lyrical and romantic prose, author of works about nature, historical stories, artistic memoirs.

Essay on the topic: The siege of Noteburg was underway

Sample and example of essay No. 1

Anyone who has studied history knows that it contains both heroic and tragic pages. And there are also those where heroism and tragedy are fused together. This, of course, is the history of wars. Those very wars, without which the history of not a single state is complete, which serve to strengthen or weaken the nation. Daniil Granin addresses one of these pages, terrible and heroic, in his text, posing to the reader the problem of the cost of victory and what fighting spirit is.

The writer gives a description of the fierce battle, noting the courage and heroism of both the defenders of the fortress, the Swedes, and the Russians, who were trying to take this fortress. He also mentions the momentary weakness of Peter, who was ready to retreat in order to save his best soldiers.

But the guards refuse to carry out the king’s order: “Tell the king that now I am no longer his, but God’s.” These words of Mikhail Golitsyn show the warriors’ understanding of military affairs as a kind of service to the Motherland, and death as a sacrifice for victory. That’s why the officer calls himself “God’s” - he has completely renounced himself, and all his strength, all his thoughts are aimed only at victory. Therefore, the soldiers and ships were set adrift: now retreat is impossible for them - only death or victory!

The writer believes that the Russians were able to take the fortress precisely because the “fighting spirit” awoke in them - that mental mood when death is no longer scary, and everything is aimed only at battle. And, probably, Daniil Granin is right. In many works of literature we come across stories about the heroic struggle of Russian soldiers against enemies. For example, the awakening of the “fighting spirit” in the heart of a young officer is described in Boris Vasiliev’s novel “Not on the Lists.” This is a wonderful work about the fact that there is only one warrior in the field, if he devoted all his strength and thoughts to only one goal - the fight against enemies. From the terrible grief - the death of friends, the betrayal of a comrade, the terrible death of a pregnant bride - in the main character Kolya Pluzhnikov, the same fighting spirit that is mentioned in D. Granin’s text is born, and helps him fight the fascists alone.

It seems to me that this same fighting spirit, which makes you fight and die without flinching, is spoken of in the famous poem “Motherland” by Konstantin Simonov:

Yes, you can survive in the heat, in thunderstorms, in frosts,
Yes, you can go hungry and cold,
Go to death... But these three birches
You can't give it to anyone while you're alive.

Sometimes a great feeling grows out of something completely seemingly small and unimportant - in this case, from three birch trees, memorable to a soldier. It was in them that our entire boundless Motherland was concentrated for him.

Sample and example of a short essay No. 2 on the topic: The siege of Noterburg was underway. This is what the Swedes called the Oreshek fortress. How to write a mini essay with a plan

Soldiers know that they must win for the sake of those they love. The thought of this raises their morale, and they all rush at the enemy as one and win. In this case, the enemy may have an advantage in the number of soldiers and weapons. Life has repeatedly proven that this is not what determines the reasons for success or failure. A firm determination to win is visible in the sentence: “And Peter was not angry with the disobedient one, Peter rejoiced: the fighting spirit he dreamed of appeared when an officer does what needs to be done not for the king, but for victory!”

“Now they only had to take the fortress,” - from this sentence it is clear that the Russians did not even think that they could be defeated, they stormed the Noteburg fortress fearlessly, seeing nothing but the goal.

I agree with the author; without these qualities, victory would hardly have been possible. This is proven by many works about the heroism and courage of Russian soldiers. You can recall such literary heroes as Andrei Sokolov, Vasily Terkin, Nikolai Pluzhnikov, Igor Ivanovsky and many others. These heroes proved how much you can love your Motherland and how much you can do for it.

My veteran grandfather told about a girl from his village. During fierce battles, she carried food, drink and warm clothes to the soldiers in the trenches. Her brother was killed, and she tried to do at least something useful for people in his place. The courage of this girl incredibly inspired the soldiers, and they rushed into battle with renewed vigor.

Sample and example of a short essay No. 3 on the topic: The siege of Noterburg was underway. This is what the Swedes called the Oreshek fortress. Arguments from literature. Text problem

Our history is riddled with war, a tragic time for the country, but at the same time heroic. It is the war that the Russian writer and public figure D. A. Granin addresses in his text, asking the reader the question of how the fighting spirit of the people is manifested. In the text, the writer talks about the siege of Noteburg. He draws our attention to the fact that the Russian army was in a terrible state, unable to resist the enemy - but the soldiers still faithfully stormed the fortress.

Granin also notes the courage of the Swedes, who surrendered only when the chances of victory had completely evaporated, while enduring thirteen long night hours of siege. During the battle, Peter I saw from his battery the shortcomings of his army, its inexperience, and saw how uselessly people died. Unable to bear all this, he gave the order to retreat.

But the lieutenant colonel of the Semenovsky regiment refuses to fulfill it: “Tell the Tsar that now I am no longer his, but God’s.” It’s not for nothing that he calls himself “God’s” - this means that he completely renounced himself, and directed all his strength, all his thoughts only towards victory. Granin wants to show us that fighting spirit is manifested in the willingness to sacrifice absolutely everything for the sake of victory, for the sake of protecting one’s Motherland, and it is the presence of fighting spirit that helps to win both a single battle and an entire war.

I agree with the writer's point of view. In the history of the Russian people we can find many examples of the reckless courage of soldiers when they did everything possible to protect their country. Many works of literature are also devoted to this topic. You can recall B. Vasiliev’s novel “Not on the Lists.” The main character Kolya Pluzhnikov, the defender of the Brest Fortress, survived the death of friends, the betrayal of a comrade, the terrible death of his pregnant bride Mirra, he starved and lived in ruins, but still continued to plant himself.

Pluzhnikov had that same fighting spirit that Granin talks about. One in the field is also capable of being a warrior if all his strength and thoughts are directed towards only one single goal - the fight against the enemy. The fighting spirit is manifested not only among soldiers at the front, but also among those who remained in the rear, and among those who were captured. Ivan Sokolov, the main character of M. Sholokhov’s story “The Fate of a Man,” does not lose his fighting spirit while living in a concentration camp. They wanted to shoot him for his careless words, but before that the camp commandant offers him a drink “to the victory of German weapons.” Sokolov refuses, but does not refuse to drink to his death.

The man, more like a ghost, one step away from death, continued to believe in the victory of the Russian people and did not bend to the Germans, even if going over to their side saved his life. But this time his life was saved by the respect of the Germans for such a brave opponent. Thus, I can conclude that it is the fighting spirit of the soldiers, their courage and readiness for self-sacrifice that allows them to win the war.

Source text in full version for the Unified State Exam essay

(1) The siege of Noteburg was underway. (2) This is what the Swedes called the Oreshek fortress. (3) Peter I personally took part in the battles. (4) Day after day, the Russians fired at the fortress with forty guns. (b) Unsuccessfully. (b) Due to the lack of roads, the convoys lag behind the troops, as well as the siege guns. (7) The Northern War began during a muddy season, in October 1700, near Narva, when a shortage of nuclei was immediately discovered. (8) The gunpowder was bad. (E) The artillerymen have to lay a one-and-a-half charge. (Yu) This causes guns to explode and bombardiers to die.

(11) Seeing such troubles, captain of the artillery company Gummert goes over to the side of the Swedes. (12) The military advisers hired by Peter are bad and do not live up to expectations. (13) During the bombardment of Noteburg, the guns kept breaking down. (14) When the soldiers went to storm the fortress, they could not climb into the gap in the wall: the stairs turned out to be too short. (15) Even when the Russians surrounded the fortress, Sheremetev, the commander of the army, sent a trumpeter to the commandant with a message.

(16) The field marshal suggested that the Swedes surrender. (17) Their situation is hopeless. (18) There will be no help from anywhere. (19) In response, the Swedish commandant Schliepenbach politely and sarcastically thanked for the explanation of the reasons why the garrison should surrender, and asked for a few days to obtain permission from his superiors. (20) This answer did not suit Sheremetev. (21) The shelling resumed. (22) Fires started in different parts of the fortress, black columns of smoke rose into the gloomy October sky. (23) All the wooden buildings of the fortress had already burned in the fire. (24) Half of the Russian guns overheated and were out of action.

(25) The Russians decided to storm and rushed into the gaps made by artillery. (26) The Swedes poured tar on them and shot at them point-blank. (27) They fought desperately. (28) The fortress was considered impregnable, and for good reason: the walls are high, the strip of land between the walls and the water is narrow, so that the besiegers cannot turn around. (29) The assault lasted hour after hour, thirteen hours, every now and then the inexperience of the Russians was revealed, the lack of siege weapons, Peter saw everything from his battery. (ZO) His best guards died. (31) The disgrace of the “Narva Confusion” has loomed again. (32) Burning resin from the defenders of the fortress poured from above, and wooden stairs burst into flames.

(33) Preobrazhentsy, Semyonovtsy - his favorites, his hope - fell at the stone walls, the dead got stuck in too narrow gaps. (34) The “Bomber Captain” could not help them in any way; convulsions ran across his face. (35) His lips trembled when he gave the order to retreat. (36) And then something unprecedented happened - Lieutenant Colonel of the Semenovsky Regiment Mikhail Golitsyn disobeyed: - Tell the Tsar that now I am no longer his, but God’s. (37) And Peter was not angry with the disobedient one, Peter rejoiced: the fighting spirit he dreamed of appeared, when an officer does what needs to be done not for the king, but for victory! (38) His guards and Preobrazhensky soldiers repeated the attack.

(39) There was no turning back for them; they themselves pushed the ships they had sailed on into the water and sent them down the river. (40) Now all they had to do was take the fortress. (41) At this time, despite the shelling, a fresh detachment of Second Lieutenant Menshikov landed on the island. (42) The Russians rushed hand-to-hand again and again. (43) No one and nothing could stop the attackers. (44) In the morning the Swedes surrendered. (45) Peter accepted from Schliepenbach the golden key to the fortress gates.

(46) The remnants of the Swedish garrison emerged from these gates. (47) The picture was colorful. (48) Peter in a dark green uniform stood with a huge gilded key. (49) Swedish soldiers - some bandaged, some lame, scorched, dirty, overgrown - were dragging cast iron cannons. (50) The guns hung with their muzzles down. (51) The drummer walked under the banner. (52) His drum was silent. (bZ) The last to walk, with their heads down, were the Swedish officers. (54) The formation of Russian soldiers, led by Sheremetev and Peter, saluted the staunch, courageous defenders of the fortress. (55) As a sign of the highest respect, the Swedes were allowed to take personal weapons with them, and officers - swords.

(56) Peter immediately ordered to rename the fortress Shlisselburg (Key City), give it a new flag, coat of arms and award everyone with medals. (57) History attributes the victory to two commanders - Sheremetev and Repnin - and, of course, Peter. (58) The victory taught both officers, soldiers, and the tsar himself a lot: he forever remembered the moment of his weakness. (59) A week later, medals were knocked out in honor of the capture of Noteburg: Peter and the siege of the fortress were depicted. (According to D. A. Granin*)

On the Western Front, I had to live for some time in the dugout of technician-quartermaster Tarasnikov. He worked in the operational part of the guards brigade headquarters.

Composition

All people cope with difficulties in life differently - some do it effortlessly, while others find it difficult. In this text, L.A. Cassil invites us to think about the problem of overcoming difficult periods in life.

The narrator introduces us to the story of the war years, in which he had to face an unusual way of overcoming difficulties. The hero lived in the same dugout with the quartermaster technician, and at one moment he drew his attention to a green twig that had sprouted in the ceiling. The author draws our attention to the fact that for the sake of the “peace” of this twig, Tarasnikov even asked the narrator, despite the terrible cold, not to light the stove for a while, because “it [the twig] stopped growing completely.” This fact could not help but cause the hero’s amazement, but he was even more surprised that during the artillery fire, which was about to take both heroes’ lives, Tarasnikov was only worried about the safety of his sprouted branch. L.A. Kassil emphasizes that this sprout became for the quartermaster technician a symbol of the struggle for life - if the plant was able to strain all its strength and sprout despite all the circumstances, then how can he be afraid of death? That is why Tarasnikov remained calm in spirit until the last moment - the twig reminded him that “there, behind the exit, hung today with a damp raincoat, the sun will certainly greet you, warm you and give you new strength...”.

The author believes that a person is able to overcome internal weaknesses, feeling the vital force of nature, and overcome the feeling of fear and loneliness, observing how, in unsuitable circumstances, a branch grows on a felled tree, straining all vital forces.

I completely agree with the opinion of L.A. Kassil, and I also believe that sometimes, even in the most difficult circumstances, the presence of a kind of symbol of life, the presence of faith, can help a person, no matter what, maintain calm and hope.

In the story by A.S. Pushkin’s “The Captain’s Daughter” helped the heroes survive the uprising, captivity, and death of loved ones through pure, strong, sincere love. Pyotr Grinev, driven by the hope of saving his beloved, driven by faith in a happy future, endured any difficulties, went into battle with his own fate, was not afraid of anything and stopped at nothing. Mary, his beloved, preserved her honor, dignity and faith until the last. And even while being captured by Shvabrin, she loved, believed and waited for Peter - and these feelings did not allow her to give up and gave the heroine strength. Both Peter and Mary, aware of their own situation, defended each other in court to the last and did not for a moment succumb to a feeling of fear and hopelessness - they were driven by something much stronger than this.

In the novel by F.M. In Dostoevsky, one of the main characters, Sofya Marmeladova, was helped through a difficult period in her life by faith. The girl’s unique “germ” was the example of Jesus Christ - and therefore, while going through all the trials in life, she maintained self-control, purity of soul and moral freedom.

Thus, we can conclude that hope embodied in anything helps a person to overcome difficult periods in life: whether in a sprout, in faith or in love. A person who has support and support, no matter what it is embodied in, is capable of much.

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