A cobweb with a thick stem and an unpleasant odor. Edible and poisonous species of yellow spider web mushroom

The presented variety of mushrooms grows in huge abundance. What does this mean for silent hunters? Everything is quite simple - if you managed to find one specimen, nearby you will find another colony of sun-drenched mushrooms. Therefore, you will definitely not be left without a harvest. This variety is valued for its taste and a number of beneficial properties. They are loved not only by avid mushroom pickers, but also by true connoisseurs who know everything about the yellow spider web.

Description

1. The apex grows up to 10 cm in diameter. In young animals it is shaped like a hemisphere. Over time and, as a result, the growth of the mushroom, the hat becomes more even with some bulges. She is compared to a pillow. A kind of cobweb remains on the surface of the mushroom all the time.
2. The hat is pigmented golden yellow with a hint of brown. In the middle part, orange inclusions are noticeable; they become darker towards the edge of the surface. The soft part has a compacted structure and is colored white-yellowish.
3. The plates are subtle and practically invisible. They are brownish or cream in color. They become more brown as the mushrooms grow. The plates of old specimens are dull and quite dark.
4. As for the base, it grows up to 12 cm in height. It may be a little higher, but this is an average and common value. The diameter of the leg fluctuates around 2-3 cm. In the lower part of the base, a compaction is noticed, which goes away with age.
5. This variety is allowed to be eaten. But opinions on this matter vary. Foreign experts classify cobwebs as unsuitable mushrooms for food, while our compatriots collect them in abundance and store them for future use.

Features of the workpiece

1. The presented species of the mushroom family has poisonous varieties. But this is not the type under discussion because it is eaten and used for medicinal purposes. If we consider, for example, ocher or brown spiderwort, then these mushrooms are used in the production of dyes.
2. The yellow representative of the species is classified as edible. It requires pre-treatment, which consists of long-term digestion with frequent changes of water. In the culinary world, this variety is successfully used for first/second courses, appetizers, twists, etc.
3. The superb, watery-blue, purple spider webs are also edible relatives. They are the most valuable, but there are others that are of no use. Experienced mushroom pickers give advice to beginners: do not collect these varieties if you are not sure.
4. As for the form of consumption of this type, they prefer to first boil it for a long time. This is followed by frying, stewing, twisting, marinating, salting and other manipulations that are closer to you.

Harm

1. It is also worth mentioning that some types of fruits in question can be very dangerous and poisonous. The problem is that signs of poisoning may only appear after a few days. In some cases, even weeks pass. The bottom line is that such mushrooms contain toxins that slowly poison a person.
2. The dangerous poison begins to have a detrimental effect on the kidneys. As a result, a person may eventually develop a disease in the form of acute interstitial nephritis. In rare cases, there may even be death due to irreversible changes in the structure of the kidneys. According to statistics, when poisoned, 30% of people do not survive.
3. Often the most common signs of poisoning from similar fruits are dryness and burning in the mouth. You may also experience nausea, vomiting, extreme thirst, and abdominal cramps. In addition, poisoning is often accompanied by pain in the lumbar region and severe migraine.
4. Even if you pay attention to the symptoms of poisoning in time, professional treatment and subsequent recovery will be quite long. To avoid this kind of thing, you must adhere to some rules.
5. Any mushroom picker knows that if doubts creep in whether a fruit is edible or not, it is better to classify it as conditionally poisonous. Don't rip it off. Collecting cobwebs is best left to professional mushroom pickers. Only experts will be able to accurately distinguish a poisonous mushroom from an edible one.

Most mushroom pickers avoid yellow spider webs. This happens because during such a period many edible fruiting bodies appear, which cannot be confused with poisonous ones. As for edibility, it is prepared quite rarely. The fruits in question require special preparatory measures. You should not collect and try such mushrooms if you are not a professional mushroom picker.

Video: yellow spider web (Cortinarius armeniacus)

Why this mushroom is called that is probably only clear to mycologists. The most beautiful cobweb is far from the most beautiful representative of the mushroom kingdom. Besides, he is very dangerous, and it is better to avoid him when meeting him. What does it look like and where does it grow?

The most beautiful cobweb (Cortinarius rubellus or Cortinarius speciosissimus), belonging to the family Cobweb, genus Cobweb, has another name - reddish cobweb. The common people used to call him also a marshman. This is a dangerous and poisonous lamellar mushroom.

• The cap is medium-sized, quite thick, with a diameter of 3 to 8 cm (in some cases it grows up to 10 cm). Bell-shaped or conical in shape - in young fruiting bodies, and flattened-convex with a central tubercle, sharp or blunt - in adults. The surface is finely scaly and dry to the touch. The color of the skin is brown-red, orange-red, brown, highly dependent on climatic conditions and weather. The peculiarity of this web spider is the existence of two of its subspecies. The first has a cap with a darker center, from which concentric circles of a reddish hue radiate. Towards the edge of the cap its color becomes lighter. The second, on the contrary, has a lighter center, pinkish-red, and the concentric circles extending from it are of a darker color, but the edges are always lighter;
• the leg is dense, from 5 to 12 cm high, 5-15 mm thick. Cylindrical, sometimes thickens towards the lower part, forming a club-shaped base. The surface color is orange-brown; in the lower part of the leg there are ochre-colored rims - these are the remains of a bedspread. In mature mushrooms they are almost invisible. The surface is distinctly fibrous;
• the pulp is tasteless and yellow or orange in color. It has a radish smell, which in some cases may be absent;
• the plates are relatively dense, adherent to the stem. Their color ranges from orange to brown, and can be rusty brown in mature webworts;
• spores in the shape of a wide ellipse, almost spherical, warty. They have a rusty brown color.

Distribution and fruiting period

The beautiful spider web is widespread and quite common in northern regions with a temperate climate. Widely known in Europe, in the north and central part of Russia. Grows in coniferous, mixed, swampy moist forests, often on acidic soils. Forms mycorrhiza with birch and spruce trees.

This type of spider plant bears fruit from the end of May until September. Found both in groups and alone.

Similar species

The beautiful spider web can be confused with the dangerous and poisonous mountain spider web (Cortinarius orellanus). However, these two species can be distinguished by the rings on the leg - in the mountain, the remains of the bedspread in the form of red rims at the base are not visible. And it grows in deciduous forests near beech and oak trees.

Also, the hero of our article can easily be confused by an inexperienced mushroom picker with the straight web spider (Cortinarius collinitus). It does not smell like radish and has a straight, light-colored stem. This is an edible mushroom, and therefore you need to be very careful when collecting - a mistake can cost you your health.

In general, it is important to note that almost all spider webs are easy to confuse with each other - they are very similar.

Virulence

The beautiful spider web is a deadly poisonous mushroom. It contains orellanins - substances that can cause irreversible changes in kidney tissue. They can lead to death, which sometimes overtakes a person 5 months after eating this type of spider web.

Orellanins act very slowly and gradually cause the development of renal failure. There are also other toxic compounds present in mushrooms - benzonine, cortinarine and others. Signs of cobweb poisoning appear only 3-14 days after eating mushrooms - thirst, burning and dry mouth. The person's condition is deteriorating very quickly. It is necessary to call doctors immediately.

Moreover, it is important to know that representatives of this species, even after thorough cooking or drying, still remain poisonous. And treatment after spider web poisoning sometimes lasts more than one month.

It is interesting that until the 60s of the 20th century, the beautiful cobweb was considered a completely harmless mushroom - it was eaten. But when a number of poisonings were registered in Poland (and some of them were fatal), scientists determined that it was this species that caused them. Therefore, when you meet him, just leave the “handsome guy” where he is.

Cobwebs (Cortinarius) are a fairly extensive genus of fungi, numbering more than 40 species in our country alone, and throughout the world this figure exceeds the two thousandth threshold. Most of their representatives are inedible, and some are even deadly poisonous. The name of some types of these mushrooms speaks for itself: just look at the superb cobweb or the elegant cobweb. They are also called marshlands or ringed caps.

Brief description and habitat

Cobwebs are lamellar mushrooms. Their main distinguishing feature may well be their bright colors. They are found in purple, bright yellow, dark red, terracotta and other colors. Some species names came precisely because of this characteristic: purple webwort, crimson webwort, watery-blue webwort, and others. And the name of the entire genus of mushrooms was given by the cobwebby film like a blanket enveloping its representatives. The web cover is clearly visible in young mushrooms: it connects the stem and the edges of the cap. And in mature representatives, the thin film breaks as it grows and becomes like a cobweb entangling the stem of the mushroom. Some of its threads hang from the cap, but for the most part they remain in the lower part of the stem in the form of a cobwebby ring. These mushrooms are very similar to each other and only experienced mushroom pickers can distinguish one type of cobweb from another.

All representatives of this genus have a round cap that becomes flat as it grows, often raised in the middle. To the touch it is smooth, fibrous, less often scaly. There may be either a mucous surface of the cap or a dry one. The pulp is fleshy, thin, often white, but can also be multi-colored. The plates are frequent, descending, and the leg is cylindrical, sometimes thickened at the base. Remnants of a cobwebby blanket will always be visible on it. It practically matches the color of the surface of the cap, sometimes it may differ only in the intensity of the shade. The spore powder of mushrooms is usually yellow or brown-yellow in color. In general, cobwebs are very similar to, so it is quite difficult to confuse them with edible mushrooms.

These mushrooms love moist, swampy soil. They can often be found near the outskirts of swamps, which is why they received the name “swamplanders”. Cobwebs grow in deciduous and mixed forests, and are less commonly observed in coniferous forests. This is a widespread genus. Their habitat is the European part of Russia, Siberia, the Far East, Ukraine, Belarus, Georgia and Kazakhstan. In Europe, they are often found in Austria, Italy, Great Britain, Belgium, France, Finland, Switzerland, Romania, Latvia and Estonia. You can also find them in the USA and Japan. However, although they are so ubiquitous, they are quite rare mushrooms. Some of their species, for example, purple cobweb, are listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation and other regions.

Beneficial features

Despite the fact that some of the types of spider webs are poisonous, this does not reduce the content of valuable substances in them that have practical applications in medicine. Some of the representatives of this genus are used as raw materials for the manufacture of dyes. Mostly brown or ocher colored mushrooms are used for this purpose.

Edible and conditionally edible representatives are successfully used for culinary purposes, having previously undergone additional processing in the form of long-term boiling with frequent replacement of water. In cooking, such types of mushrooms as watery blue cobweb, superb cobweb, purple cobweb, and yellow cobweb are often used.

These are the most common species eaten. There are others, but many of them are useless and have no taste value. Be that as it may, even well-known species should only be collected by experienced mushroom pickers.

Types of spider webs used in cooking can be consumed boiled, salted, fried, pickled, or canned. The various first and second courses with it are incomparable. Many experts say that these mushrooms have a nutty flavor.

Fried spider web recipe

For preparation you will need:

• edible or conditionally edible spider webs – 500 grams;
• flour - 4 tablespoons;
• vegetable oil – 3 tablespoons;
• greenery.

Initially, fresh mushrooms need to be thoroughly boiled, changing them several times. Then cut them into small pieces. Place in a preheated frying pan and fry until almost done. Then pour flour into the mushrooms and continue cooking. The top of the dish can be decorated with herbs and served. It is best consumed hot.

Types of mushrooms and medicinal properties

The most famous species of this genus are:

• yellow spiderwort or triumphal marshweed – edible;
• purple spider web – conditionally edible;
• orange cobweb – conditionally edible;
• purple spider web – conditionally edible;
• shiny cobweb - poisonous;
• bracelet web - edible;
• Variable cobweb – conditionally edible;
• brown cobweb – conditionally edible;
• smeared cobweb – conditionally edible;
• superb cobweb - edible;
• straight spider web – conditionally edible;
• red-olive cobweb – inedible;
• Gossamer webwort – conditionally edible;
• Scaly cobweb is inedible.

Some representatives of this genus are considered poisonous mushrooms, but this does not reduce their medicinal properties.

Red cobweb

A red or blood-reddish mushroom, classified as poisonous. It bears a close resemblance to the inedible purple spider web. It has pronounced antiseptic properties. The substances included in its composition prevent the development of tuberculous mycobacteria. Found in coniferous forests. Loves moist, mossy soil. Fruits from July to September.

Bracelet web plant

It has a yellow-brown or brown-red color; with age, the terracotta color predominates and becomes more saturated. Resembles the triumphal cobweb. This is a conditionally edible mushroom, used in cooking only after careful pre-processing. For medicinal purposes it is used as an antiseptic. It forms mycorrhiza only with birch. Picky in choosing soil - prefers a swampy, acidic environment. Fruits from July to early October.

The color of the mushroom is multifaceted: from grayish-green to black-olive with brown and brown impurities. It is quite similar to many representatives of this species, from which it differs in the absence of odor, very bitter taste and black color of the plates. The alkaloids included in its composition, in laboratory studies, showed good results in inhibiting acetylcholinesterase, which is one of the main types of therapy for Alzheimer's disease and other memory disorders. This mushroom is considered poisonous. Found mainly in deciduous and mixed forests, loves calcareous soils. Forms mycorrhiza with oak and beech. Fruits from July to October.

Gossamer's web

Pale lilac, becoming ocher-white with age. It is similar to camphor spiderweed, which has the same unpleasant specific odor. It differs from a rare species - the violet cobweb - in the rusty color of the plates, from the white-violet representative - in a more saturated color, from the violet row - in a strong repulsive aroma and a tangled, abundant cover. The mushroom is inedible. Eating it is not recommended. For medical purposes it has pronounced antibacterial properties. An antibiotic, inolomine, was identified in its composition.

Harm and dangerous properties

Some types of spider webs are very toxic and poisonous. They are most dangerous because signs of poisoning may appear after several days or even weeks, since they contain delayed-acting toxins. Their venom is very harmful to the kidneys; with its help, a disease such as acute interstitial nephritis can develop. Even irreversible changes in the structure of the kidneys and death are possible. According to statistics, for every seven cases of poisoning, one is fatal.

Characteristic signs of spiderweb poisoning are burning and dry mouth, severe thirst followed by vomiting, nausea, and abdominal cramps. Often accompanied by headache and pain in the lumbar region. Even if you notice the symptoms in time and consult a doctor, recovery and treatment will take quite a long time.

In order to protect yourself, it is important to remember the first rule of a mushroom picker: if there are doubts about the edibility or inedibility of a mushroom, then it is generally accepted that it is obviously poisonous. In general, it is better not to take risks and entrust the collection of cobwebs to specialists who can confidently distinguish a good mushroom from its poisonous counterpart.

By the way, when preparing good edible mushrooms, it is worth remembering that violations in technology and non-compliance with processing rules can lead to severe poisoning and sad consequences.

Providing first aid for poisoning

Any type of poisoning requires immediate medical attention until the ambulance arrives. It is advisable not to transport the patient to the clinic, since some toxins can cause disruption of the cardiovascular system.

Before the doctor arrives, you should:

• put the patient to bed;
• perform repeated gastric lavage;
• drink a laxative to remove poison from the intestines;
• do a cleansing enema.

In case of poisoning, severe dehydration of the body occurs, so it is recommended to feed the patient with saline solutions, for example, rehydron. Give the victim cool, strong teas or just salted water. For calf cramps, which often occur precisely because of dehydration, you can put mustard plasters on your shin.

If everything was done correctly, and the danger was noticed at an early stage, then after such measures, the victim may already feel an improvement in his condition after 2-3 hours.

But this is not a reason to refuse hospitalization if recommended by a doctor.

conclusions

Spider mushrooms are quite rare and mostly dangerous mushrooms. But this does not stop some gourmets from collecting various representatives of this genus for culinary purposes. Many of them have an interesting taste and are quite often eaten after pre-processing.

Before preparing a dish of spider webs, they need to be thoroughly boiled, changing the water several times. However, only experienced mushroom pickers will be able to cope with such an impossible task as determining which type of cobweb mushroom a particular mushroom belongs to.

The thing is that they are very similar to each other and an ignorant person can quite easily confuse an edible representative with its dangerous toxic relative.

Cobwebs are very dangerous due to the slow-acting toxins they contain. Poisoning by these mushrooms does not appear immediately, but after a fairly long period of time, which can be up to 14 days.

In some cases, they lead to pathological changes in the body, and sometimes even to death. In case of mushroom poisoning, the victim should immediately provide first aid in the form of gastric and intestinal lavage, and also provide plenty of fluids to avoid dangerous dehydration.

But even the most poisonous mushrooms do not lose their medicinal properties. They contain substances from which, with the right technology in the laboratory, it is possible to extract various components used to create antibiotics and various other drugs.

In fact, the cobweb is a rather valuable mushroom, but it is valued mainly for its medical properties. Its taste and culinary properties are not particularly popular. Cobweb mushrooms are quite rare and little-known mushrooms, so it is better not to take risks and refuse to eat them in favor of other edible, more tasty and well-known representatives.

Some mushrooms are not very popular, but this does not mean that they are not tasty. Every mushroom picker should know how to cook yellow spider web, because this mushroom is incredibly tasty. It can be collected from mid-summer to mid-autumn and is found in mixed and deciduous forests. Often, yellow spiderwort is often called white marshwort or ringed cap, and everyone should know the secrets of preparation.

How to cook yellow spider mushroom

This mushroom has a fairly dense structure, it is tasty and has a rich mushroom taste. Like other mushrooms, yellow spiderwort can be prepared in any way. It can be fried and marinated, as well as roasted and added to a variety of soups and stir-fries. Therefore, special attention should be paid to the preparation of such a product, because you need to be able to cook mushrooms with all passion.

How to cook the yellow spider web mushroom has long been written in old cookbooks. It is not one of the popular mushrooms, so you need to know how to prepare it for further pickling, frying or baking.

To begin with, the mushrooms need to be soaked for 3-4 hours in salted water, then rinsed thoroughly and removed all dirt, remnants of dry twigs and leaves, as well as insects.

Next, you need to put the mushrooms to cook and bring to a boil over high heat, then note the time and drain the water after an hour. Next, pour water over the mushrooms again, add salt and spices. It is important to know which spices are suitable for mushrooms before preparing yellow spider webs. These are cloves, bay leaves, black and allspice, and paprika and onions.

After another hour, turn off the mushrooms and drain the water. How to cook yellow spider web after it has been boiled? Mushrooms can be:

• put into bags and freeze,
• fry with onions and potatoes,
• marinate,
• pickle.

Whatever your culinary imagination suggests.