Presentation for children on the theme of forest. Presentations about forests

Pine Forest Shrubs: Juniper An evergreen shrub or small tree. On one plant you can see both very young cone berries, one- and two-year-old green berries, and mature black ones at the same time. It grows in the undergrowth of coniferous, mainly pine, forests in both dry and swampy soil. The wood is used in turning. Cone berries are used in medicine, perfumery, confectionery and alcoholic beverage industries.

Shrubs of the pine forest: rose hips, or cinnamon shrub, up to 2 m high. The shoots are covered with thorns and numerous thorns. The leaves are imparipinnate. The flowers are pink, fragrant. The “fruits” are usually spherical or elliptical, smooth, fleshy, orange or red. Grows in forests, forest edges and clearings; in river valleys. The most important vitamin plant - contains a lot of ascorbic acid. The fruits are harvested for the production of vitamin concentrates.

Shrubs of pine forest on dry soils: lingonberry Evergreen shrub, cm high, with a creeping stem. The leaves are oval, leathery, dark green. White-pink flowers are collected in a one-sided brush. The fruit is a spherical dark red berry with a diameter of about 7 mm. It grows in pine forests, in swampy birch and spruce forests, on ridges among sphagnum bogs. The berries are used for food in fresh and processed forms. Food for upland game and bears. Lingonberry is a medicinal plant.

Shrubs of pine forest on dry soils: heather An evergreen shrub, cm high, with small leaves. Flowers are collected in one-sided racemes. The calyx is 4-separated, like the corolla, pink, rarely white. The corolla is bell-shaped, shorter than the calyx. The fruit is a capsule. It blooms from July to September, bears fruit in September-October. It grows on sandy soil in sparse pine forests, on dunes, burnt areas, and also on peat bogs. Honey plant.

Pine forest plants on dry soils: bearberry Creeping evergreen shrub with shoots up to 1.3 m long. Leaves are oblong-ovate, leathery. The inflorescence is an apical raceme of several drooping white-pink flowers with a pitcher-shaped corolla. The fruit is a bright red berry-shaped drupe. Grows in light pine forests on sandy or gravelly soil. It grows in burnt areas and clearings. Medicinal plant. The fruits are food for upland game.

Plants of a pine forest on dry soils: club moss Sporangia are collected in spore-bearing spikelets. Plant of dry light-coniferous forests, mainly pine. Moss moss spores (trade name "lycopodium") were used as baby powder, as well as for bedsores and weeping eczema. The spores were used to make sparklers and fireworks, and to take photographs. Lycopodium was used in metallurgy for coating molds and for shaped casting.

Low blueberry, up to 50 cm high, is a shrub with densely branched, green, faceted branches. The leaves are alternate, elliptical, serrated along the edges. The flowers are single or 2, located in the axils of the upper leaves. The fruit is a juicy spherical berry up to 1 cm in diameter, black and blue. Grows in damp coniferous forests and moss swamps. An important food and medicinal plant. Used for tanning and dyeing leather. Honey plant.

On moist and rich soils, the European rosemary is found. A perennial herbaceous plant 6-20 cm high. The upper rather large lanceolate leaves (most often there are 7 of them, as reflected in the name) are brought together into a whorl in the upper part of the shoot; one or 2-4 pedicels emerge from its center, bearing rather large snow-white flowers. There are usually 7 sepals, petals and stamens. The corolla is sphenoletal. The fruits are multi-seeded capsules. Blooms in May-June. The fruits ripen in July. A typical forest plant of a coniferous forest.

Common goldenrod, or golden rod, is also found on moist and rich soils. A perennial herbaceous plant cm high. The leaves are oblong-elliptical. The baskets are small, collected in general racemes or paniculate inflorescences. The flowers are yellow, marginal pseudolingulate, middle tubular. The fruits are achenes with a brownish tuft. It blooms from May to September, the fruits ripen in July-September. Grows in forests, clearings, ravines, thickets of bushes, meadows, and roadside plantings.

On moist and rich soils, bifolia is found. It is a perennial herbaceous plant, cm high, with a thin creeping branched rhizome. It blooms in May-June, the fruits ripen in August. It reproduces by seeds and vegetatively: the rhizomes, growing, give rise to new plants. Distributed in Russia in the zone of coniferous and deciduous forests of the European part, in Siberia and the Far East. Grows in fairly loose and moderately moist soil.

Types of pine forests in the Arkhangelsk region Lichen - 10.2% - no undergrowth, the soil is covered with lichens; Green moss – 40.6% – the soil is covered with green moss; Long-moss - 14.2% - cuckoo flax predominates; Sphagnum - 25.5% - sphagnum dominates; Grass-marsh - 6.7% - have a thick grass cover.

Forest is an important object of human economic activity. Today, 20 thousand products are made from wood. There is also a side use of the northern forest, for example, harvesting berries. Blueberries produce kg/ha, lingonberries – kg/ha. They also collect mushrooms, medicinal plants, bee products, and resin.

Wooden architecture is one of the most important components of ancient Russian culture. Wood in Rus' was a comprehensive material. Ships, fortresses, huts, bridges, mills, chapels, and all peasant utensils were made of wood. Pine was used very often.

Literature 1. Gulenkova M. A., Krasnikova A. A. Summer field practice in botany: Textbook. Benefit. – M.: Education, Izmailov I.V., Mikhlin V.E., Shashkov E.V., Shubkina L.S. Biological excursions. – M.: Education, Polyansky I. I. Botanical excursions. Manual for teachers. – M.: Education, Geography of the Arkhangelsk region (physical geography) 8th grade. Textbook for students. / Edited by Byzova N.M. - Arkhangelsk, publishing house of the Pomeranian International Pedagogical University named after M.V. Lomonosov, School tourist routes in the Arkhangelsk region. / comp. Manikhin G.I. – Arkhangelsk Order of the Badge of Honor State Pedagogical Institute named after M.V. Lomonosov, Ecology of the Arkhangelsk Region: Textbook for students in grades 9-11 of secondary schools / Ed. Ed. Batalova A. E., Morozova L. V. - M.: Moscow State University Publishing House, Electronic publication “Biology 6-11 grades”. Republican Multimedia Center, 2004.

Nomination "Multimedia technologies in the pedagogical process in preschool educational institutions"

Target: systematization and deepening of children’s ideas about the forest, in particular about trees: birch, pine, spruce.

Tasks:

Educational:

• To consolidate and deepen children's knowledge about spruce, pine and birch as representatives of the wildlife of our region.
• Learn to analyze natural objects (trees), identify essential features (trunk, branches, leaves).
• Introduce children to new concepts: pine forest, birch grove, spruce forest, mixed forest.

Educational:

• Develop children's thinking, memory, curiosity;
• To develop the ability to compare these trees, to see similarities and differences between them;
• Develop cognitive and research activities;
• Develop children's play activities.

Educational:

• Foster a caring attitude towards nature.

Practical significance: This presentation allows you to include the child in the learning process and keep his attention. An animated owl and a physical exercise for the eyes “revive” the material being studied and make the learning process more interesting and exciting. The presentation solves the problem of lack of visual aids.

Place of use of multimedia material: presentation is used in direct educational activities.

Outline of the educational activity "Journey to the Forest"

Direct educational activities take place in the form of an excursion. The excursion to the forest is accompanied by a teacher as a guide and an animated Owl. We explore trees: birch, pine, spruce.

Target: Systematization and deepening of children’s ideas about the forest, in particular about trees: birch, pine, spruce.

Tasks:

Educational:

• Learn to analyze natural objects (trees), identify essential features (trunk, branches, leaves);
• To consolidate and deepen children’s knowledge about spruce, pine and birch as representatives of the wildlife of our region;
• Introduce children to new concepts: pine forest, birch grove, spruce forest, mixed forest.

Educational:

• Develop imagination, thinking, memory, curiosity of children;
• To develop the ability to compare these trees, to see similarities and differences between them;
• Develop cognitive, research and productive activities;
• Develop children's play activities.

Educational:

• Foster a caring attitude towards nature;
• Repeat and consolidate knowledge about road safety rules as a passenger;
• Form a conscious need for physical activity.

Integrated educational areas: cognition, communication, safety, socialization, physical education.

Types of children's activities: communicative, motor, cognitive-research, productive.

Forms of working with children: conversation, game, examination, posing a problematic question, drawing.

Organizational form: subgroup.

Material: laptop, projector, presentation and music files (sounds of the forest, sound of a starting engine), electronic physical exercises, seat belts, twigs and fruits of trees (birch, spruce, pine), coloring book and stickers for it.

GCD move

1 slide. Surprise Moment - Owl Greeting

The teacher enters as a guide.

Owl sent me to you to accompany you on a virtual excursion. How should we go on an excursion? (Children's options). Let's take some chairs and build our bus.

Let's take a seat.

- Guys, do you know the first and most important rule of a passenger?

Let's buckle up.

The sound of the engine sounds .

Guys, in order to better see the beauty of our native nature, I suggest doing gymnastics for the eyes.

Slide 2. Gymnastics for the eyes. The owl speaks, the guide shows.

The sounds of the forest are heard.

Guys, what is this? What are those sounds? Where do you think such sounds can be heard? ( In the woods). The sounds tell us that we have arrived in the forest. We go out and settle down, as it is convenient for the children. . Guys, it seems to me that the Owl wants to tell us something.

Slide 3. Let's guess the riddle.

Slide 4. The owl asks a question. We introduce the concept Birch Grove

We talk about birch ( features)

- Looks like Owl guys still wants to give us a riddle.

Slide 5. The riddle about the spruce .

Slide 6. Owl's question. Introducing the concept spruce forest

Cognitive - research activities.Children feel the twigs and seeds of the tree. We talk about spruce.

- Guys, aren't you tired? let's get up and carry out the actions that the Owl tells us.

Slide 7. Physical exercise.

- We sit down more comfortably, Sovushka will ask us another riddle.

Slide 8. Riddle about the pine tree.

Slide 9. We introduce the concept Pinery

Cognitive - research activities.Children feel the twigs and seeds of the tree. We are talking about pine.

Slide 10. Picture of a mixed forest.

Children, please look at the picture that the Owl shows us, what trees are shown in it? Tell me, what is the name of this forest?

Slide 11. Owl introduces concept mixed forest

Why do you think it is called that?

Slide 12. Repetition of new concepts. Game "Guess the Forest".

Slide 13. Farewell to the Owl.

The excursion has come to an end, we return to the kindergarten. Guys, while we are driving back, I will give you a gift from Owl. Let's go on the bus.

They are taking their seats,the sound of a starting engine sounds, the guide hands out coloring books.

Guys, what did you see on the virtual tour today?

Problematic question: What would happen if there were no trees? Why do we need to protect nature?

What would you like to talk about at home today?

Guys, well, here we are, it's time to say goodbye. I invite you to come out. I really enjoyed being your tour guide. As a parting gift, I give you a musical and dance gift. Look at the characters on the screen and repeat their movements.

Interactive physical training "Spring came".

Appendix 1: Presentation.

Appendix 2: Outline.

Description of the presentation by individual slides:

1 slide

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Forest - the lungs of the planet Deforestation is an environmental problem. Scientists have long been talking about the harmful effects of technological progress on nature. Climate change, melting ice, and a decrease in the quality of drinking water have a very negative impact on people’s lives. Environmentalists around the world have long sounded the alarm about pollution and destruction of nature. One of the most important environmental problems is deforestation. Forest problems are visible especially in civilized countries. Environmentalists believe that deforestation leads to many negative consequences for the Earth and humans.

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Without forests there will be no life on Earth, this needs to be understood by those on whom their preservation depends. However, wood has long been a commodity that is expensive. And that is why the problem of forest destruction is so difficult to solve. Perhaps people simply don’t realize that their entire lives depend on this ecosystem. Although everyone has long revered the forest, often giving it magical functions. He was a breadwinner and personified the life-giving power of nature. They loved him, they treated the trees with care, and they responded to our ancestors in the same way.

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Forests of the planet In all countries, in every corner of the world, massive deforestation is taking place. The problem with the forest is that with the destruction of trees, many more species of plants and animals die. The ecological balance in nature is disrupted. After all, a forest is not only trees. This is a well-coordinated ecosystem based on the interaction of many representatives of flora and fauna. In addition to trees, shrubs, herbaceous plants, lichens, insects, animals and even microorganisms are of great importance in its existence.

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Despite massive deforestation, forests still occupy about 30% of the land area. This is more than 4 billion hectares of land. More than half of them are tropical forests. However, the northern, especially coniferous, massifs also play a great role in the ecology of the planet. The countries richest in greenery in the world are Finland and Canada. Russia contains about 25% of the world's forest reserves. The fewest trees left in Europe. Nowadays forests occupy only a third of its territory, although in ancient times it was completely covered with trees. And, for example, in England there are almost none left; only 6% of the land is given over to parks and forest plantations

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Significance of the forest It provides oxygen to humanity. It is no coincidence that they say that forests are the lungs of the planet. And it not only produces oxygen, but also partially absorbs chemical pollutants, purifying the air. A wisely organized ecosystem accumulates carbon, which is important for the existence of life on Earth. It also helps prevent the greenhouse effect, which is increasingly threatening nature. The forest protects the surrounding area from severe temperature changes and night frosts, which has a beneficial effect on the condition of farmland. Scientists have found that the climate is milder where most of the territory is overgrown with trees.

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The benefit of forests for crops also lies in the fact that it protects the soil from washing out, wind drift, landslides and mudflows. Areas overgrown with trees prevent the advance of sand. Forests also play a huge role in the water cycle. It not only filters it and stores it in the soil, but also helps in the spring during floods to fill streams and rivers with water, preventing the area from becoming swamped. Forests help maintain groundwater levels and prevent flooding. Absorption of moisture from the soil by the roots and intensive evaporation by the leaves helps avoid drought.

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What damage does deforestation cause? The environmental problem of the disappearance of the so-called “lungs” of the planet is already worrying many. Most people believe that this threatens to reduce oxygen supplies. This is true, but this is not the main problem. The scale that deforestation has now reached is astounding. Satellite photos of former forest areas help to visualize the situation.

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What can this lead to: the forest ecosystem is destroyed, many representatives of flora and fauna disappear; a decrease in the amount of wood and plant diversity leads to a deterioration in the quality of life of most people; the amount of carbon dioxide increases, which leads to the formation of the greenhouse effect; trees no longer protect the soil (washing out the top layer leads to the formation of ravines, and the lowering of the groundwater level causes the appearance of deserts); soil moisture increases, causing swamps to form; Scientists believe that the disappearance of trees on mountain slopes leads to the rapid melting of glaciers. Researchers estimate that deforestation causes damage to the global economy of up to $5 trillion a year.

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What happens after cutting down? In open space, completely different conditions are created. Therefore, a new forest grows only where the deforestation area is not very large. What prevents young plants from growing stronger: The level of illumination changes. Those undergrowth plants that are accustomed to living in the shade die. Different temperature regime. Without tree protection, sharper temperature fluctuations and frequent night frosts occur. This also leads to the death of many plants. An increase in soil moisture can lead to waterlogging. And the wind blowing moisture from the leaves of young shoots does not allow them to develop normally. The dying of roots and the decomposition of the forest floor release many nitrogenous compounds that enrich the soil. However, those plants that need just such minerals feel better on it. Raspberries or fireweed grow fastest in clearings; birch or willow shoots develop well. Therefore, the restoration of deciduous forests proceeds quickly if people do not interfere with this process. But coniferous trees grow very poorly after cutting down, since they reproduce by seeds for which there are no normal development conditions. Deforestation has such negative consequences. The solution to the problem - what is it?