home » For the New Year » Degrees of comparison of adjectives translation. Comparative degree of adjectives

Degrees of comparison of adjectives translation. Comparative degree of adjectives

The rules for inflecting English adjectives are not very difficult to understand, but they have many features that cause some difficulties. The fact is that individual words do not obey general rules, since they are an exception. Let's discuss all the possible comparative adjective constructions in English.

What is the comparative degree of an adjective?

Any adjective has three degrees: positive, comparative and superlative. The first degree is the word itself in its original form, and the other two are modified versions of it. They are formed using two principles: analytical and synthetic. In the first case, additional words are used, in the second, all changes occur due to the addition of special suffixes. There are also words that can be compared using both of these methods.

Synthetic form

The simple comparative degree of adjectives is used mainly for monosyllabic words and usually does not cause learning difficulties. Changes occur using two types of suffixes: “er” - for the comparative degree and “est” - for the superlative. Example:

fast (thin) - faster (thinner) - fastest (the thinnest).

When using comparative phrases, you need to pay attention to some spelling points. If a monosyllabic word ends with a consonant preceded by a short vowel, then in the process of comparison in writing the last consonant is doubled:

thin (thin) - thinner (thinner) - thinnest (the thinnest).

The simple comparative degree of adjectives has one more nuance regarding words ending with the silent letter “e”. When adding special suffixes, this letter disappears, since both of these suffixes begin with the letter “e”, and there is no point in doubling it:

huge (huge) - huger (more huge) - hugest (the hugest).

Words ending with "y"

Although the synthetic comparative degree is used most for one-syllable words, it can also work with some types of two-syllable words, particularly those ending with the vowel sound "u".

If in a word this vowel is preceded by a consonant sound, then during the comparison the letter “y” changes to “i”, but the rule for its pronunciation remains the same:

busy (busy) - busier (busier) - busiest (busiest).

In cases where there is a vowel before “u”, the letter “u” does not change.

Analytical form

The compound comparative degree of adjectives is used for most disyllabic and polysyllabic words, since they are already difficult to pronounce, and adding some suffixes to them is not at all convenient, and besides English language very capacious and always strives for compactness and abbreviations. In such cases, four additional words are used for comparison: more, most, less and least. They are placed before the adjective:

aromatic (fragrant) - more aromatic (more aromatic) - most aromatic (the most fragrant);
expensive (expensive) - less expensive (less expensive) - least expensive (the most inexpensive).

Example suggestions:

It was the most difficult day this week - it was the most difficult day this week.
This trip is less expensive - this trip is less expensive.

Placing articles before adjectives

comparative has one more important rule: any adjective in the superlative degree, whether it is created by means of an analytical construction or a synthetic one, always has in front of it definite article"the". This rule works because any modifier in most cases denotes the noun that comes immediately after it. If there is no noun, then using the definite article is still an integral action, since the adjective in any case implies a person or thing:

My grandfather is the oldest man in his village - my grandfather is the oldest in his village.
It was a very expensive restaurant, the most expensive which I saw - it was a very expensive restaurant, the most expensive I have seen.

As can be seen from the second part of the second example, the superlative comparative degree of an adjective must have a definite article even without the presence of a noun that follows. In the example, the noun is not written, but is implied: the most expensive (restaurant) I have seen.

The word "most" in other meanings

The word “most” is used not only in cases where the comparative degree of adjectives is used in English, but also for other tasks. In particular, it is used in the meaning of “extremely”, “very”, “very”. In such cases, when using the singular, the indefinite article “a” is used, and when using the plural, the article is not used at all:

they are most polite people - they are quite/very polite people.

Also, the word “most” is often used in combination with the preposition “of”, creating a combination that is translated into Russian as “most of ...” or “most of ...”. This phrase is used in front of a certain group of people, objects, etc. In such a construction, articles before “most” are not used, but are placed immediately before nouns or are not placed at all:

Most of people in Russia don`t know English - most people in Russia do not know English.
Most of the students know this rule - most students know this rule.

Some nuances

It is worth noting that the English language is developing dynamically, and spelling rules and the composition of certain verbal structures also undergo some changes. Certain metamorphoses did not bypass the rule of using adjectives. The fact is that, when comparing some words, it is possible to change them using a synthetic or analytical form, regardless of how many syllables a particular word has. That is, some vocabulary units do not obey general rules. Let's try to figure it out more specifically.

There are one-syllable adjectives that can be compared in two possible ways:

true (truthful) - truer or more true (more truthful) - truest or most true (the most truthful);
hot (hot) - hotter or more hot (hotter) - hottest or most hot (the hottest).

There are also those monosyllabic words that in most cases are used in analytical forms. Here are examples of such words:

right (true, correct) - righter (rarely used)/more right (or rather) - most right (most correct/faithful);
real (real) - more real (more real) - realest/most real (most real).

In English there are those that are equally compared using the two above-mentioned methods, for example, clever, sincere and stupid. The words remote and polite, although they are found in two forms of comparison, are still more often changed by means of the analytical method.

If you are not sure which of the two is more correct to apply to a particular word, then use analytical: in this case, you risk making only a grammatical one.

Exception words

The comparative degree of an adjective works in a slightly different way for a group of fairly common words that use their unique ways changes. There are few such words, so learning their forms will not take much time, but it is necessary to know them. Conventionally, such words can be called “irregular adjectives.” These include words such as “bad” - bad (worse - worst), “little” - little (less - least), “many” - much\many (more - most), “good” good (better - best ). An interesting fact is that such definitions are “incorrect” in a number of other languages, where their comparative degree of the adjective also does not obey general rules.

Don't get confused with the words little and small. In both cases, the comparative degree is translated as “less,” but in the version with little it is less, and in the version with small it is smaller:

I have less powers than you - I have less powers than you.
I`m smaller than my brother - I am smaller than my brother.

Also worthy of special attention is the comparative degree of the adjective, which is translated into Russian as “more”:

You have more money than he - you have more money than his.
My brother is bigger than you - my brother is bigger than you.

As you can see, these words are quite common, and everyone has encountered them in one way or another.

Afterword

In this article, we figured out how the comparative degree of adjectives works. The English language is rich in various nuances and exceptions that cannot be contained in one article, but all the most basic rules have been discussed above. It is worth recalling once again: if you are not sure of the correct use of a particular comparative phrase for adjectives, then use the analytical version. In this case, you will always remain understood, except that the stylistic side of the phrase, which uses an adjective in the form of a comparative degree, will suffer.

Cold - colder - the coldest. What were we doing now? Comparisons were made using Russian adjectives. Do you think there is no such thing in English? Please: cold - colder - the coldest. That's what it is degrees of comparison of adjectives. We are lucky: there are exactly the same degrees of comparison as in Russian. That is, simply comparative (colder) and superior (coldest). Now let’s find out how degrees of comparison of adjectives are formed.

1. If an English adjective is taken from one syllable ( old , big , hot , kind , great), then the comparative degree is formed by the ending -er (older , kinder), and excellent is an article the and ending - est (the oldest , the kindest ).

Two-syllable adjectives ending in - y , -er , -ow (spicy , clever , narrow) are subject to the same rules:

cleverer - the cleverest (smarter - the smartest), narrower - the narrowest (narrower (narrower) - the narrowest)

Moreover, adjectives that end in - y , change this letter to i :

spicier - the spiciest (spicier - the hottest)

If a one-syllable adjective ends in vowel+consonant (hot, big, sad, fat), then in comparative degrees the consonant doubles:

hotter - the hottest, fatter - the fattest.

2. All other two-syllable, three-syllable (etc. - in general, polysyllabic) adjectives form the comparative degree by adding more , and excellent - the most :

more significant - the most significant,more beautiful - the most beautiful

Exception Examples(favorite section of all English learners):

Good - better - the best
Bad - worse - the worst
Little - less - the least

Far - farther(more distant (by distance)) - the farthest(the furthest),
But far - further(further/subsequent) - the furthest(most distant)

Near - nearer - the nearest/the next (closest (by distance)/next)

Old - older(older) - the oldest(the oldest),
But old-elder(older)- the eldest(oldest)

Late - later(later) - the latest(latest),
But late - the latter(later in order) - the last(most recent in order)

On the formation of degrees of comparison of adjectives- All. I congratulate you on this. But if you want more, then you are always welcome (recommended for those who have already understood everything with the previous part):

Use less degree of comparison (i.e. less cold, less bright) goes by using less , and to denote the smallest degree - the least (least cool, least bright):

less strong(less strong) - the least strong(least strong), less wide(less wide) - the least wide(least wide).

To strengthen the comparative degree it is used much , still , far :

much colder(much colder ), much more beautiful(much prettier).

The sentence uses the connective to compare objects than (how):

She is cleverer than her sister(She is smarter than her sister).

And now degree scheme for those who love algorithms :)

everything is normal, pay attention Stop! Just cram!

ONLY QUALITATIVE ADJECTIVES HAVE DEGREES OF COMPARISON!

Qualitative adjectives differ in that they can denote a characteristic in varying degrees of its manifestation ( large – larger – largest). These forms are called degrees of comparison:

Comparative

Excellent

The paradigm of degrees of comparison also includes the adjective from which the forms of degrees of comparison are formed. The semantic basis of degrees of comparison is the quantitative assessment of the measure of the attribute. In the comparative degree paradigm, the original adjective is called the positive degree form.

Comparative degree (comparative) - denotes a quality that is found in one subject to a greater extent than in another, the name of which is put in the form of the gender or nominative case; the latter is preceded by a comparative conjunction How(truth is more valuable than gold).

Superlative (superlative) - denotes the highest degree of quality in a subject compared to another: most favorite writer; inflected like regular adjectives.

Comparative and superlative degrees can be expressed in simple (synthetic) and complex (analytical) forms.

comparative

The simple form of the comparative degree does not change by gender, number and case; and therefore you need to be able to distinguish it from the form of the comparative degree of the adverb. If a word of this type is syntactically related to a noun, then it will compare the degree of the adjective; if it is connected to a verb, then it will compare the degree of the adverb ( oak is stronger than birch– adj; he squeezed the handle tighter– adverb)

Comparative forms tend to be used in the position of a connective, i.e. in the role of a predicate, but can also be a definition.

Formed from the base of the original adjective using suffixes –ee(s) – bolder,whiter(productive way) or –e, -she – more expensive, richer(unproductive way).

From adjectives with a stem on k, g, x and some words based on d, t, st comparative degree is formed using the suffix -e(in this case, final consonant stems alternate with sibilants) ( loud - louder, quiet - quieter, steep - steeper). In adjectives on -OK And -To the producing stem is truncation, the remaining final consonant alternates with a sibilant or paired soft ( high - above, low - below).

Comparative forms with suffix –she single ( distant - further, early - earlier, long - longer).

From three adjectives the form is formed suppletive way ( small - less, good - better, bad - worse).

Comparative forms are not formed from adjectives that name characteristics that do not change according to degrees. Sometimes they are not formed in accordance with the usage and not the meaning ( dilapidated, alien, scanty).

The complex form of degrees of comparison is formed by adding the word more. Moreover, such combinations can be formed with short form (faster, more red).

Superlative

The simple form of the superlative degree has features in its meaning: in addition to the above basic meaning of the superiority of quality in an object compared to other objects, this form can denote the highest, extreme degree of quality in any object without comparison with others. In other words, it can denote a relatively high degree of quality: worst enemy, kindest creature.

The simple form is formed by adding a suffix –eysh (-aysh). Moreover, it is not formed from all adjectives; usually it is not found in those lexemes from which the comparative form is not formed. It may also be absent in those forms that have the form of a comparative degree. These are qualitative adjectives with suffixes –ast-, -ist, as well as many words with suffixes - liv-, -chiv-, -k-(narrow - narrower, hairy - hairier, silent - more silent).

A complex form is formed by combining a qualitative adjective and the word most. It is not related to lexical restrictions: the reddest, the kindest, the narrowest.

For adjectives with suffixes –ovat-(-evat-) no superlative form is formed, because the value of the incompleteness of the attribute is incompatible with the value of the high degree of the attribute ( the most deaf, the most deaf).

The superlative form denotes the highest degree of quality. Unlike the comparative degree, the superlative forms cannot express a comparative assessment of the degree of a characteristic in the same subject and in two subjects.

comparative is needed mainly to compare one thing with another. After all, you must agree that it would be difficult to explain without comparing any objects. Every day in our dialect such comparative adjectives as “beautiful, better, warmer, colder, cooler, etc.” are scrolled through, we just may not notice it. Therefore, the entire topic below is important for digestibility and is presented with accessible simplicity.

How to turn a positive adjective into a comparative adjective?

First, let's figure out what is the positive degree of an adjective? It's simple. The positive degree of an adjective is the original form of an adjective that indicates the quality of an object and is used without any comparison with other objects. Eg:

It's beautiful day – Beautiful day.
My teacher is very young - My teacher is too young.
They're very friendly people – They are very friendly people.
It's an expensive restaurant - This is an expensive restaurant.
The rooms are very small – The rooms are very small.

Another question may arise here. What is the comparative degree of an adjective? And here everything is even simpler. A comparative adjective is a form of an adjective that indicates the quality of one thing in relation to another thing. For example:

Vegetables are cheaper than meat – Vegetables are cheaper than meat.
This bag of potatoes is heavier than that bag of tomatoes – This bag of potatoes is heavier than that bag of tomatoes.
Spain is warmer than England – Spain is warmer than England.
This new car is faster than my old one – This new car is faster than my old one.
Sarah is older than her brother – Sarah is older than her brother.

Feel the difference? Now we will return to the main question: how to convert an adjective from a positive degree to a comparative degree?

When converting, the standard for all adjectives is to add the suffix “-er” to the end of the word. For example:

Standard rule: Adjective + suffix “-er”
Adjective (positive degree)	Translation	Adjective (compare step)	Translation
Old	Old	Old er	Older
Tall	High	Tall er	Higher
Slow	Slow	Slow er	Slower
Cold	Cold	Cold er	Colder
Small	Small	Small er	Less
Strong	Strong	Strong er	Stronger
Clean	Clean	Clean er	Cleaner
Short	Short	Short er	Briefly speaking
Long	Long	Long er	Longer
Cheap	Cheap	Cheap er	Cheaper

In English, when making comparisons, the conjunction “than” is often used:

The coast road to the town is shorter than the mountain road – The road along the embankment to the city is shorter than the road through the mountains.
My father is younger than my mother - My father is younger than my mother.
His new mobile is smaller than his old one - His new mobile phone is smaller than his old one.
The Empire State building is taller than the Statue of Liberty - The Empire State Building is taller than the Statue of Liberty.
Wool is warmer than cotton – Wool is warmer than cotton.

However, there are always a number of the following conversion rules that must be followed:

1. For two-syllable adjectives ending with a consonant and “-y”: change “-y” to “-i” + suffix “-er”:

Rule for two-syllable adjectives ending in “-y”: change y → i + suffix “-er”
Adjective (positive degree)	Translation	Adjective (compare step)	Translation
Happy	Happy	Happ ier	Happier
Easy	Easy	Eas ier	Easier
Dirty	Filthy	Dirt ier	Dirtier
Pretty	Cute	Prett ier	Cuter
Wealthy	Rich	Wealth ier	Richer

Examples:

English is easier than Japanese – English is easier than Japanese.
My suitcase is heavier than your suitcase - My suitcase is heavier than your suitcase.
Your car is dirtier than mine - Your car is dirtier than mine.
His new girlfriend is prettier than your Julia – His new girl prettier than your Yulia.
Last time she was happier than today - Last time she was happier than today.

2. If a one-syllable adjective ends in a vowel and a consonant: add the last consonant + the suffix “-er”:

Adjective (positive degree)	Translation	Adjective (compare step)	Translation
Big	Big	Big ger	More
Hot	Hot	Hot ter	Hot
Fat	Thick	Fat ter	Thicker
Thin	Thin	Thin ner	Thinner

Examples:

The Grand Hotel is bigger than is the Sea View Hotel – “The Grand Hotel” is bigger than “The Sea View Hotel”.
My cup of tea is hotter than yours - My cup of tea is hotter than yours.
Mike is fatter than John - Mike is fatter than John.
The screw-driver is thinner than mine – This screwdriver is thinner than mine.

3. To adjectives ending in “-e”, add only one suffix “-r”:

Adjective (positive degree)	Translation	Adjective (compare step)	Translation
Nice	Nice	Nic er	More enjoyable
True	Loyal	Tru er	Or rather
White	White	Whit er	Whiter
Polite	Polite	Polit er	More polite
Large	Large	Large er	Larger

For example:

My arguments are truer than yours - My arguments are truer than yours.
Her shirt is whiter than her girlfriends’ – Her shirt is whiter than her friend’s.
Wheels of your car is larger than wheels of mine – The wheels of your car are larger than the wheels of mine.

4. Before two-syllable adjectives that do not end in “-y” and before adjectives that consist of 3 or more syllables, when converting to the comparative degree, add the service word “more” without adding a suffix:

For adjectives consisting of 2 or more syllables
Positive degree	Translation	comparative	Translation
Careful	Careful	More careful	More careful
Worried	Excited	More worried	More excited
Expensive	Expensive	More expensive	More expensive
Intelligent	Smart	More intelligent	Smarter
Beautiful	Beautiful	More beautiful	More beautiful

For example:

The train is more expensive than the bus - The train is more expensive than the bus.
Drivers in this country are more careless than drivers in my country – Drivers in this country are more careless than drivers in my country.
The exam today was more difficult than last year’s exam - Today’s exam was more difficult than last year’s exam.
The students ask more intelligent questions than they did before - Students ask more intelligent questions than they asked before.
Her second book is more interesting than her first - Her second book is more interesting than her first.

5. We also cannot do without exceptions, which, when transformed, take on a completely different form than in all of the above points:

Exceptions to comparative adjectives
Positive degree	Translation	comparative	Translation
Good	Good	Better	Better
Bad	Bad	Worse	Worse
Little	Small	Less	Less
Far	Far	Farther	Further

For example:

Ms. Davies is a better teacher than Mr. Andrews – Mrs. Davis is a better teacher than Mr. Andrews.
These boots are worse than those that we received last year - These boots are worse than those that we were given last year.
I’ve less money than you have - I have less money than you.
From here to Moscow is farther than to St. Petersburg – From here it is further to Moscow than to St. Petersburg.

To enhance the expression, we can before comparative adjectives insert adverbs such as a bit (a little), a lot (much), much (significantly):

She’s a lot happier now - She’s much happier now.
I’m a bit older than you - I’m a little older than you.
This book is much more interesting than the other one – This book is much more interesting than the others.

This concludes this post. Perhaps you would like to ask or add something to this article. If so, please leave your comment below. Good luck.

(good, yellow, interesting).

Adjectives in English do not change either by gender, or by number, or by case. Adjectives in English can only be modified by degrees of comparison.

Adjectives can be simple or derived. Simple names adjectives have neither prefixes nor suffixes. Derived adjectives contain suffixes or prefixes, or both at the same time.

Adjectives form, as in Russian, two degrees of comparison: comparative and superlative. The basic form of the adjective does not express comparison and is called the positive degree.

Adjective

An adjective is a part of speech that is used to denote a characteristic of an object.

a clever boy
an English book (English book)
good butter (good butter)
a cold winter

An adjective in English has three forms of degrees of comparison:

positive degree
comparative degree
superlative degree.

Adjective degrees

Formation of degrees of comparison of adjectives

The basic form of an adjective is the positive degree. The comparative and superlative forms are usually formed from the positive degree in one of two ways:

The first way to form degrees of comparison of adjectives. If the form of an adjective in the positive degree consists of one syllable, the form of its comparative degree is formed using the suffix -er, and the superlative form - using the suffix -est, which are added to the base of the form of the positive degree.

The second way to form degrees of comparison of adjectives. From adjectives whose positive form consists of three or more syllables, the comparative degree is formed using the word more, and the superlative degree - using the word most, which are placed before the positive form of the adjective.

From two-syllable adjectives, the comparative and superlative forms are also formed using the words more and most.

Sometimes there are forms of two-syllable adjectives, formed using the suffixes -er and -est.

Most often these are adjectives whose positive form ends in -у, -er, -ow.

Some adjectives form special forms of degrees of comparison, and these adjectives must be immediately memorized in all forms.

The adjective old forms degrees of comparison in two ways. In most cases, the suffix -er or -est is added to the base of the positive degree form.

However, in cases where they talk about members of the same family - “elder brother”, “eldest of the brothers”, they use the form elder (senior) or eldest (eldest). To correctly write forms of degrees of comparison of adjectives, you need to know

that when adding the suffixes -er and -est, the final letters of the adjective in the form of a positive degree change as follows:
y changes to i after a consonant and does not change after a vowel: dry dry (dry) - drier - driest But: gay (cheerful) - gayer - gayest
e is omitted: nice (good) - nicer - nicest

the consonant is doubled in one-syllable adjectives after a short vowel: big - bigger - biggest

Using an adjective The adjective is usually used in a sentence as a definition of a noun and stands before the word being defined. An adjective can also be a nominal member of a compound nominal predicate
(predicative) and in this case stand after the linking verb to be.

Not a clever boy. He's a smart boy. (Clever - definition.) .Not is clever. He is smart. (Clever is a nominal member of a compound nominal predicate.) alive (alive), afraid (scared), asleep (sleeping), awake (awake), ill (sick) and some others are used only as a nominal member of a compound nominal predicate.

To denote a lower or lowest degree of quality of one item compared to another, the adjective is usually preceded by the word less (less, less) or least (least of all).

Additional material.

Degrees of comparison of adjectives and adverbs.

In English, just like in Russian, adjectives and adverbs have three degrees of comparison:

positive
comparative
excellent.

In English there are two ways of constructing degrees of comparison.

1. For short (one syllable) words:

Notes:

The definite article is often used with a superlative adjective; When constructing degrees of comparison of adjectives in writing:

the final consonant with the preceding short vowel is doubled: big (bigger ((the) biggest
if there is a consonant before the final -y, then -y goes into -i:
easy (easy ((the) easiest; early (earlier ((the) earliest
when adding -er u -est, the final -e is omitted: (see large above). Spelling features do not affect pronunciation.

2. For long (two or more syllables) words:

It makes no sense to lengthen the word even more, so in English we add another a short word ahead:

beautiful beautiful
more beautiful
easily easy
more easily easier
most easily

To pass values least and least of all (least) the words less and least are used respectively:

less beautiful
least beautiful least beautiful

Note:

Sometimes monosyllabic words form degrees of comparison using more / less or most / least , and conversely, words consisting of more than one syllable have -er / -est at the end; it depends only on the sound - if some form is perceived better by ear than another, it is put into the sentence: crisp - more crisp - (the) most crisp sounds better than crisp - crisper (the) crispest.

The forms of degrees of comparison of some adjectives and adverbs in English are not formed according to the rule:

Note: The word little can be either an adjective or an adverb; in this case it is used only as an adverb little; if you need to construct degrees of comparison from the adjective small, we use the word small (see above).

Note: the forms elder / eldest are used more often when the speaker is talking about members of his family:

My father is older than my mother. My father is older than my mother.
This is my eldest son.

This is my eldest son.

In most other cases, degrees of comparison of adjectives are formed using method 1: er old old est

old The word most with indefinite article

(a most) is not a degree of comparison, but means very: a most beautiful girl is a very beautiful girl. The word most can come before a noun or pronoun in plural

(often with the preposition of) and has the meaning many/most: Most people like this. Many people like it.

Most of them will not be able to come.

Most of them won't be able to come.

The definite article is preserved before the superlative form even if there is no noun: Not is the best. He is the best.
To denote the comparative degree of an adjective, the word than is used; however, in order to avoid repetition of the same noun, the word one is often used as a substitute for this noun or a possessive pronoun in absolute form: My car is bigger than their one / theirs.

My car is bigger than theirs. These cigars are stronger than those ones. These cigars are stronger than those.

In the second part of comparative constructions, pronouns can be used as in objective case
(colloquial version) and accusative case (literary version, usually with an auxiliary verb): She reads more than him / he does.
She reads more than him. You are taller than me / I am.
You are taller than me.
Didn't come earlier than them / they did. He arrived earlier than them but

I know him better than her. I know him better than her. I know him better than she does. I know him better than she does. I know him better than she does. When comparing the same quality, the combination as ... as (same (same) ... as (s) / as (same) ... as (s) is used: She is

as beautiful my mother (She is as beautiful as my mother. When comparing quality in

negative form

the combination not so ... as is more often used (not such ... as: I am not so beautiful as her / she is.
(I'm not as beautiful as her. When comparing with a multiple effect, the combination as ... as with numerals is used; the second as may be omitted if another comparison object is not mentioned in the situation:

My sister is twice as beautiful (as yours)

.(My sister is twice as beautiful (as yours).(This liquid is twice as weak (that one). I have half as much money (as you have).(I have half as much money (than you).

Sometimes a comparison can be strengthened with the help of additional words; more often than others, much is used for this: much more / less beautiful;

The Russian version of what..., the... is translated into English language the+ comparative degree of an adjective... the + comparative degree of an adjective:

The faster you come the more you will get. The faster you arrive, the more you will get.
The sooner you do it the better. The sooner you do this, the better.