Weapons TsSN FSB. Weapons for the elite: what the FSB special forces and the Belarusian Alpha choose

Weapons for special forces have always been elite, some samples were produced in small batches, others almost individually, such as the SHAK-12 assault rifle complex (uses powerful 12.7 × 55 mm cartridges), the SKTs-9 sniper complex, the Vyuga machine gun " and others. Some of these weapons were shown at an exhibition organized during Cyber ​​Anti-Terror 2016..

When Ksyusha needs SIG Sauer

The stand of the Special Training Center was literally bursting with a variety of weapons and equipment. Employees of the organization conduct training for all special forces units in Belarus. Since 2007 - training of special forces of foreign states.

The head of the training department of the center, Vladimir Evdokimov, said that the weapons used by the center’s specialists have special requirements, so often the cost of the “body kit” is several times higher than the price of the machine itself, as was the case with the AKMS, AKS74U, and Vepr-12 carbines shown at the stand. and Vepr-1V.

Mostly Russian weapons are used in the center. In addition to machine guns, carbines and sniper rifles, MP and IZH-71 pistols are used for training personnel, with Russian-assembled Glock approaching.

According to Vladimir Evdokimov, these pistols are in no way inferior to Glocks assembled abroad; the only problems were with cartridges from the Barnaul plant with a metal sleeve. When using the latter, the shutter quickly breaks, unlike the brass one.

AKMS, military copy. It is equipped with an L-3 EOTech collimator sight, a DTK-1 muzzle brake-compensator, an additional RK-6 handle, additional rails for installing attachments, a device for pairing magazines, and a telescopic butt
Smoothbore self-loading carbine "Vepr-12". It is equipped with a GK-01 muzzle brake-compensator, a collimator sight, an additional handle, a flashlight for shooting in the dark, an optical sight, and a telescopic butt
In capable hands AKS74U - a formidable weapon in urban combat, especially if the machine gun is tailored to the shooter. The machine gun in the photo is equipped with a comfortable pistol grip, a Zenit stock, a tactical flashlight and a SIG Sauer sight
Carbine "Vepr-1V". New pistol grip, optical and collimator sights, telescopic butt with a niche for a spare magazine
ORSIS F-class rifle caliber .308win. This rifle is not included in the list of serial products, it belongs to the Custom category, and is manufactured only to order. The rifle is designed for long-range shooting. The rifle stock is made of weapons-grade wood laminate with cheek and butt plate adjustments

Accuracy is the key to success

If the DSP prefers to use expensive American devices, then ordinary army units choose cheaper products, and here the sights of the Belarusian unitary enterprise STC LEMT BelOMO are very popular.

In the hands of the head of the commercial department of LEMT, Nikolai Surko, is a POSP 12x50 sight, which is capable of withstanding 5 thousand shots from a large-caliber sniper rifle. Photo: Vadim Zamirovsky, TUT.BY

The company’s specialists have developed the PC-28S sight for the AK-12 assault rifle, which is part of the Russian equipment of the soldier of the future “Ratnik”, as well as a sight for the Russian RPG-32 “Nashshab” grenade launcher system, manufactured by Jadara Equipment and Defense Company, and many others.

10 thousand hours on one battery

The PC-28S sight was developed specifically for the Russian AK-12 assault rifle. The requirements for the collimator were quite strict - the Belarusian product had to withstand recoil when fired from the GP-25 under-barrel grenade launcher. It was necessary to expand the field of view, make the device as compact, short and unpretentious as possible.

PC28S. Photo: Vadim Zamirovsky, TUT.BY

The sight is made in a closed, hermetically sealed housing and is capable of operating in any climatic conditions. The PC-28S is capable of withstanding a shock load of 1000g, for comparison: conventional sights have a maximum strength of 300-500g.

The Ratnik sight is capable of operating on one regular AA battery for 10,000 hours. But even with a minimum battery charge, the PC-28S sight is capable of functioning, adjusting the brightness depending on the degree of battery discharge.

Maximum protection

When storming city high-rise buildings, it is impossible to hide behind the armor of an armored personnel carrier, so it is best to carry the armor with you, and it weighs a lot. The photo below shows a bulletproof shield placed at the stand of the NPO KlaASS enterprise.

Buckler-K-R. Photo: Vadim Zamirovsky, TUT.BY

According to the head of the marketing department, Irina Maysarova, the Buckler-K-R ceramic-composite shield is capable of protecting against being hit at point-blank range by a B-32 armor-piercing incendiary bullet fired from an SVD rifle. The glass of the shield holds a 7.62 mm OPS bullet.

The Spetsnaz bulletproof vest is capable of resisting fire from a Kalashnikov assault rifle almost point-blank. The body armor is equipped with an emergency release system, operated with one hand. On the outside of the outer cases there are rows of belt loops in the form of horizontal stripes for attaching pouches with elements of weapons and special equipment, as well as shoulder rests for carrying weapons. The weight of “Spetsnaz” can reach up to 14 kg.

Weapons for the FSB

The SHAK-12 assault rifle complex was created by order of the Russian FSB as a highly effective close-combat weapon. Thanks to the large caliber (the machine uses 12.7x55 mm cartridges), the bullet has a high stopping effect.

SHAK-12. Photo: Vadim Zamirovsky, TUT.BY

The ShAK-12 weighs 4.5 kg without cartridges; the machine gun has two types of magazines - 10 and 20 rounds. Weapons can be fired in single shots or in bursts.

The ammunition used is subsonic bullets PD-12 (a cartridge with a double (duplex) bullet, two bullets inserted into one another), supersonic bullets with a high stopping effect PS-12A (a cartridge with a light aluminum bullet, at a distance of 100 meters it loses speed so much that not capable of killing a person, for example, a random civilian).

PS-12B - this cartridge is capable of penetrating most body armor and is even dangerous for lightly armored vehicles.

Without a muffler, but silent

PSS-2 is a modernized version of the Russian PSS Vul silent pistol. The new product is twice as powerful as its predecessor in terms of bullet power at the target.

PSS-2 fires silent cartridges specially designed for it with the powder gases locked in the cartridge case. The weight of the pistol is 850 g, the caliber is 7.62 mm, the muzzle velocity is 300 m/s, and the weight is 10 g. The PSS-2 is capable of hitting targets wearing body armor of the 2nd protection class at a distance of up to 50 m.

Only for special forces snipers

The SKTs-9 9-mm target sniper system is designed to engage enemy personnel at a range of up to 1000 m. It includes the SR4 sniper rifle and a specially developed 9x69 SP14 cartridge.

The weapon provides accuracy at the 1MOA level, reloading is carried out manually, and a silencer can be installed. The rifle weighs about six kilograms, length with a silencer is 1490 mm, without - 1230 mm. The initial bullet speed is 860 m/s.

On the 2008 map, blue shows countries that have adopted the AR-15 either as a primary weapon or as a special forces and special forces weapon.

At that time, almost half the world used the AR-15 rifle. Today the map will be much more blue than before. Not always as a primary weapon, but every year one or two countries adopt one of the many variants of the AR rifle, and special forces around the world seem to love the weapon. In my opinion, this is due to three reasons:

1. Unlimited customization possibilities, both from the manufacturer and by purchasing individual components.
2. Price. Not all AR-15s are made the same, and while the ultimate in AR-15/10 rifles with 0.5 MOA accuracy, M4 clones can be purchased locally or ordered overseas (China) for little money.
3. Prestige. There is only one superpower, and they use AR-15s. For this reason, the AR-15 should be the best! Even organizations and countries that claim to hate the US use AR-15s (like ISIS or Iran).

I love guns, and the AR-15 mania is doing the trick. I want to see new and interesting designs, not slightly different AR-15 clones. Alex C calls this “AR fatigue.” Before fans come running and tell me what a great design the AR-15 is, I'm not arguing. The AR-15 is nothing less than a phenomenon. The United States would have lost a lot if the AR-15 had never been created and the patents on its design had lapsed. But still I want something new, something different.

Anyway, getting back to the topic of the article, I wondered what types of weapons are popular with special forces, but Not are AR-15 clones. I limited my list to weapons adopted for service as primary, and not additional/auxiliary.

Number 6: Blame VSS Vintorez

The Special Sniper rifle is used by Russian special forces (Spetsnaz). This is one of the few mass-produced weapons with an integrated silencer. Along the barrel of this rifle, in certain places, holes are made through which most of the gases pass into a muffler located along the entire length of the barrel, while the pressure of the remaining gases is sufficient to operate the long gas piston. This is done to slow down the gas leaving the barrel as much as possible, which reduces the noise from the shot. The other side of the coin is that gas from the muffler under high pressure tries to escape when the cartridge case is ejected, in the direction of the shooter’s face. See the result below...

Gas release from VSS Vintorez

The Air Force uses an interesting cartridge, the 9x39mm. This cartridge is based on a 7.62x39mm case flared to 9mm and loaded with a very heavy ~16.84 gram bullet that is almost twice as heavy as a 9mm NATO pistol bullet. The speed of the bullet at the exit from the barrel is 280 meters per second, slightly less than the speed of sound, the enemy hears only the sound of the bullet hitting the target.

The armor-piercing bullet of the 9x39 mm SP-6 cartridge can penetrate 8 mm steel sheet and retain enough energy to kill the enemy. Impressive result for a subsonic cartridge!

Parts of the Special Forces/Airborne Forces of Russia with VSS

Number 5: Heckler & Koch MP7

MP7A1 with Zeiss sight

"Personal Defensive Weapons" (PDW) fever has gripped manufacturers and militaries alike since Desert Storm in the early '90s and continued into the 2000s, as NATO and law enforcement around the world began to worry that the widespread availability of cheap body armor makes their 9mm submachine guns ineffective. In reality, this problem was never encountered, but special forces seized on the PDW concept.

Malaysian PASKAL combat swimmer unit with MP7

Heckler & Koch was a little late to the party, introducing its MP7 submachine gun only in 1999, but it appealed to special forces such as Navy SEAL Team 6, who are said to have used the weapon to kill a leader. Al-Qaeda to Osama bin Laden. Also, this weapon is used in the Japanese Special Operations Group, the Indonesian Army Special Command, the 707th Special Forces Battalion of the Republic of Korea Army, the Austrian anti-terrorism unit Cobra, the 9th Parachute Regiment of the Italian Army, the Malaysian PASKAL combat swimmer unit and many others.

Larry Vickers shoots an MP7

This weapon has gained popularity due to the almost zero recoil when firing in bursts, a small caliber cartridge. 17, 4.6x30 mm, the energy of which is comparable to 9 mm. Although it is lost in flight, it is sufficient to pass through body armor like a hot knife through butter. The weapon weighs 1.85 kg and is small enough to fit in a hip or chest holster.

Holster Heckler and Koch MP7

Number 4: SIG SG 550 / 551 / 552 / 553

The Swiss Army SG 550 and the more compact SG 551 and 552 were created during the work to replace the aging Sturmgever 57 57 (SG 510) rifles with a 5.56 mm assault rifle. The weapon was adopted by the Swiss army in 1990, and soon a shortened version, the SG 551, was introduced, and in 1998, the even more compact SG 552 Commando. An improved version of the 552, logically designated 553, was introduced in 2008.

SIG 550 with Mag Dump disc magazine

This is not a weird and wonderful weapon, but a respected and reliable 5.56mm carbine that is adopted by special forces around the world. It is used by the Brazilian Air Force's PARA-SAR special forces unit, the Indian Navy's Black Cats security team, the Swiss special forces, the Korean assault team (SSAT), the Polish military special forces unit GROM and others.

Indian Navy Security Group "Black Cats" with SIG 550 and H&K MP5

Number 3: Kalashnikov assault rifle of all models

Airborne officer with AK-74M.

Lieutenant General Kalashnikov's invention has been used in the Eastern Bloc countries and their allies, friends and sometimes enemies since the 50s. There is no more common type of weapon, and it is not surprising that special forces from around the world also use it.

Russian special forces use different variants of the AK. Popular models among special forces are the AK-103, AK-105 and the standard Russian army assault rifle, the AK-74M. Guns are upgraded, often with M4 or Magpul style stocks (original or clones), pistol grips, and Picatinny rails. Earlier this year, the Russian army adopted an updated version of the AK-74M assault rifle, which is equipped as standard with these parts.

Putin with officers of the Alpha group of the Russian FSB in Chechnya. Pay attention to the customized AK.

Outside Russia, the AK, its clones and derivatives are used by Indian Navy special forces, Saudi Arabian special forces, Ukrainian special forces, Albanian RENEA, Serbian special forces, South African Army intelligence, Nigerian special forces, Ivory Coast special forces, Finnish Jaegers and other special forces. appointments.

Ivory Coast Commandos

Number 2: IWI Tavor

Soldier of the IDF Caracal Battalion with a Tavor CTAR-21

The popularity of the IWI Tavor TAR-21 assault rifle has been constantly growing since its introduction in 2001. This is the most popular army rifle of the bullpup system and, perhaps, the only rifle of this system that is being adopted, rather than getting rid of it (the New Zealand army recently scrapped the Steyr AUG, and the French army is considering options for replacing its FAMAS rifle. Previously the AR-15 was used, it is more likely that they will use it).

The Tavor was designed to replace the older Galil and M16 assault rifles. The rifle began arriving in the Israel Defense Forces units in 2006, and in 2009 it was announced that the MTAR-21 model, with an ultra-compact 13-inch barrel, would be adopted by 2018. The bullpup system has a number of advantages both when used in standard rifles and for special purpose units. The compact version of the rifle of this system is only slightly larger than a submachine gun, but retains the ballistics and power of a 5.56 mm rifle.

Indian COBRA commandos

It is not surprising that the Israeli army's special forces, such as the Egoz intelligence unit, use the Tavor. This rifle is also used by special forces in Angola, and is in service with Azerbaijan, Colombia, Cameroon, Georgia (Gia Gulua group), Honduras, India (Special Border Force and Marine Commandos), Nepal (Gurkhas), Portugal (Special Operations Group) , Turkey (“Burgundy berets”), Ukraine and Vietnam.

Hank Strange shoots a TAR-21

Number 1: FN SCAR-L / SCAR-H

SEAL fighter with FN SCAR H

The number one special forces weapon (not AR-15) is of course the FN SCAR H eavy (Heavy) and L ight (Easy). Special forces combat assault rifle ( S special O perations F orces C ombat A ssault R ifle (SCAR)) was developed by FN Herstal (Belgium) to participate in the combat assault rifle program for the US Special Operations Command (USSOCOM). In 2004, the SCAR rifle won the competition and in 2009 the FN SCAR Heavy 7.62 mm caliber, FN SCAR Light 5.56 mm caliber and the 40 m FN FN40GL grenade launcher were delivered to units. Later, the command also ordered a sniper version of the FN SCAR Heavy - FN SCAR SSR (battlefield sniper rifle).

A Special Forces sniper (unit and country not specified) uses an FN SCAR SSR in Afghanistan

In 2010, there was a controversial announcement that SOCOM was retiring the FN SCAR L model. Command officials stated that the FN SCAR Heavy and FN SCAR SSR versions would be used, and kits would be ordered to convert them to 5.56 mm caliber.

FNH-USA denies withdrawing SCAR Light from service. In their press release they state: “The choice between 5.56mm and 7.62mm calibers will be given to each USSOCOM unit (i.e. SEALs, Rangers, Army Special Forces, MARSOC, AFSOC) depending on their specific missions for the current moment".

Shooting from FN SCAR H 7.62 mm

Many experts and forum readers accused the company of distorting the facts and that the 5.56 mm caliber variant had actually been withdrawn from service. A year and a half later, in December 2011, the Crane division of the Naval Surface Weapons Development Center placed an order for FN SCAR rifles, including both light and heavy versions, indicating the use of a light version in some units.

Regardless of the ups and downs, the FN SCAR remains the best rifle. It is used by special operations units in Belgium, Croatia, France, Germany (anti-terrorism group GSG9), Georgia, Japan, Kenya, Lithuania, Malaysia, Peru, South Korea, Pakistan and the USA.

Alpha Group or Directorate "A" TsSN FSB- a special unit of the Federal Security Service of Russia, intended mainly for the release of hostages and anti-terrorist operations.

general information

Formed by order of the Chairman of the KGB Yu.V. Andropov in 1974 as a response to the terrorist attack at the Munich Olympics. Initially, it was a group of 30 people, subordinate first to the 5th and then to the 7th Main Directorate of the KGB. Currently subordinate to the Special Purpose Center of the FSB of Russia; special forces with the same name for a similar purpose are available in Belarus, Kazakhstan and Ukraine. The exact composition and size of the Alpha group is strictly classified.

Preparation of TsSN FSB "Alpha"

Initially, the Alpha group was staffed exclusively by officers and warrant officers (the latter are about 3% of the number, they occupy mainly auxiliary positions, for example, instructors). The age limit for candidates is 28 years (for those who came from other special forces, there is no this limit). There is also one serious physical limitation for candidates - height must be at least 175 centimeters. This is due to the fact that during operations, employees often use heavy armored shields of impressive dimensions. For short employees, these protective equipment simply drag on the ground.

Physical fitness requirements:

• Running 100 meters in 12 seconds;
• 3000 meters in 10.5 minutes;
• Pull-ups on the bar - 25 times;
• Torso bending - 90 times in 2 minutes;
• Push-ups from the floor - 90 times;
• Push-ups on parallel bars - 30 times.
• Complex strength exercise (15 push-ups, 15 flexions and extensions of the torso (testing the abdominals), then 15 times moving from the “crouched” position to the “lying position” and back, then 15 jumps from the “crouched” position up) - 7 once in a row.

Candidates undergo special screening and psychological testing. The consent of the candidate's parents and spouse is mandatory for enrollment in Alpha. Those who successfully pass all these stages of selection are enlisted in the special forces, receiving black berets and Anti-Terror knives, after which they leave for their groups, where they undergo training in their specialty for 3 years.

Combat Operations Alpha

The first of Alpha's most high-profile operations was the storming of the palace of the Afghan dictator Kh. Amin on December 27, 1979. 24 special forces officers were part of the combined assault group together with the Zenit and Cascade groups. "Alpha" operated in Afghanistan throughout the armed conflict, performing tasks of anti-sabotage protection of Kabul and the direct protection of the Soviet embassy.

One of the types of tasks that only Alpha successfully handled in the USSR was the release of planes hijacked by terrorists, which happened very often in the 1980s. This special unit was also involved in the release of hostages when they turned out to be children. The last most high-profile success of “Alpha” was a joint assault with the “Vityaz” group on a pre-trial detention center seized by criminals in Sukhumi on August 11-15, 1990.

After the collapse of the USSR, Alpha came under the jurisdiction of the Special Purpose Center of the FSB of Russia. It was she who was involved in the release of hostages in Budyonnovsk, the theater on Dubrovka and Beslan. Also, Alpha officers serve on a permanent basis in Chechnya, where they are engaged in the capture and destruction of particularly important leaders of the terrorist underground.

Armament and equipment

At the time of the creation of the Alpha group, there were practically no specialized anti-terror weapons in the Soviet Union. The main weapons of the special forces were a Kalashnikov assault rifle with a silencer, Makarov and pistols, a Dragunov sniper rifle and edged weapons. There simply were no compact rapid-fire weapons, most suitable for combat at a very short distance. Nevertheless, the unit, even with weapons that were not very suitable for this, successfully freed hostages, including those captured on airplanes.

The situation with weapons began to change by the beginning of the 1980s, when the AS Val and . They were much better suited for anti-terrorist operations in urban environments, since a heavy 9-mm bullet, when hitting a target, transferred all the energy to the tissues of the human body, while piercing almost any body armor.

Alpha officers were also the first to receive the Grach and Gyurza pistols, loaded with reinforced cartridges capable of penetrating body armor. New models of submachine guns were also primarily adopted by this special forces unit.

Due to the need to fight in urban environments, FSB special forces are equipped with heavy body armor and titanium helmets.

It is often called “Gyurza”. And although in official documents of the Russian Ministry of Defense, Serdyukov’s self-loading pistol is not called that, it is sold for export exactly as Model 055C GYURZA. According to its characteristics, this pistol can rightfully be called the most penetrating in the world.

2016

The designer after whom the pistol is named, Pyotr Ivanovich Serdyukov, made a revolutionary breakthrough in the design of domestic pistols. But only specialists know about this.

The widely known and most popular TT and PM pistols (Tula Tokarev and Makarov pistol) cannot be considered completely domestic. When creating the TT, the Browning pistol was taken as a basis, and the PM is a redesigned police Walter. They were once good, but with the development of individual armor protection they completely lost their power.

The need for a new personal weapon for an officer arose in the late 1980s, back in the USSR.

The pistol, known as RG055, SR-1 “Vector”, SR-1M “Gyurza”, and in 2003 officially adopted by the Russian Armed Forces and the Ministry of Internal Affairs under the designation SPS - Serdyukov Self-loading Pistol (GRAU index 6P35), was developed at the Central Research Institute Precision Mechanical Engineering (Klimovsk) by Peter Serdyukov and Igor Belyaev.

At the beginning of 1991, the developers from TsNIITOCHMASH on the topic of R&D "Rook" were given the task of developing a new pistol complex consisting of a pistol and a cartridge, which in terms of performance characteristics would be superior to similar weapons being equipped with foreign armies of the most developed countries, while two basic designs were tested - with a free shutter and a movable barrel, and with the use of recoil energy during a short stroke of the barrel when it was rigidly locked.

The first system was not successful, but the pistol of the second design, although rejected by the army, aroused the interest of various Russian special services in the mid-1990s, in particular the FSB and the FSO. All this led to the deployment in Russia of a number of programs to improve short-barreled weapons. At the first stage of this work, which ended by the beginning of the 90s, specialists from the Central Research Institute of Precision Engineering from Klimovsk near Moscow determined the requirements for a promising pistol complex. For this reason, it was decided to create weapons in 9 mm caliber, but according to Western standards, where the caliber of weapons is measured by rifling, and not by fields, as was customary in the USSR.
, 2016 According to the given tactical and technical requirements, the designer of the institute A. B. Yuryev, together with technologist E. S. Kornilova, under the leadership of I. P. Kasyanov, began to develop a new, very powerful 9x21 mm pistol cartridge with a bullet with high damaging effect. This cartridge received the manufacturer's index RG052.

The assignment for the development of a new pistol stipulated that the sighting firing range should be 50 m. But even at the very beginning of the work, the leading designer of TsNIITochmash, Pyotr Ivanovich Serdyukov, having realistically assessed the prospects of the cartridge being developed, decided that under these conditions it was quite possible to create a pistol with an aiming range of 100 m.

It should be noted here that many of Serdyukov’s employees simply did not believe in the possibility of targeted shooting from a pistol at such a range. As one of his closest assistants, Igor Belyaev, recalled, the dispute was resolved very simply.

Having secured the chest part of the body armor on a stand and moved away 100 m, Pyotr Ivanovich Serdyukov hit it several times with TT and Walther P-38 pistols, brilliantly proving to his opponents that it is not enough to have a good pistol, you also need to be able to shoot from it. However, a pistol with an effective firing range of 100 meters still had to be created.

In accordance with the assignment, by the fall of 1991, P. I. Serdyukov created prototypes of two systems - 7.62 mm PS and 9 mm PS (PS - Serdyukov pistol) chambered for 7.62 × 25 and 9 × 21 mm cartridges (the customer of the pistol assigned them the index 6P35 at that time). Moreover, the old 7.62x25 mm TT pistol cartridge was chosen not so much at the request of the customer, but for testing the automatic pistol.
, 2016 The reason for this decision was that the new 9x21 mm pistol cartridge was just being created, and therefore was available in very small quantities, and it was expensive at that time. The differences between the pistols were only in the caliber of the barrel, the dimensions of the chamber, magazine and the inside of the handle.

As a result, only in 1993, after modifications were made, during which the dimensions and weight of the pistol were reduced, and the design of the bolt and some other parts was changed, a pistol under the name “9-mm self-loading pistol PS” was released (PS - self-loading pistol , index RG055).

After the delivery of a pilot batch of 50 pistols to special law enforcement units in 1993, its trial operation began. At the same time, this sample began to be demonstrated at various exhibitions and offered for sale abroad. Trial operation revealed some shortcomings of the pistol.

When testing the pistol for “hydrophobia,” swelling of the barrel was discovered. To eliminate this shortcoming, it was necessary to increase the thickness of the barrel walls, which led to an increase in its mass. In this regard, it was necessary to reduce the mass of the shutter. At the same time, the technology for its production was somewhat simplified. During the revision, the design of the rear sight was simplified. To facilitate aiming in low light conditions, the front and rear sights had recesses filled with light enamel. After modification, the second version of the RG055 pistol was born. It differed from the first purely externally in the flat oblique sides of the bolt (instead of the radius surface in the first version) and the simpler design of the rear sight.

Material on the topic

In the process of eliminating them, the strength of a number of critical parts was increased. The cartridge, which during development received the name RG052, also continued to improve. It was finalized by I.P. Kasyanov. Trial operation of the pistol showed the need to slightly reduce the initial zero speed. The core zeros began to be made from a different grade of steel and using advanced technology.
, 2016 The improved cartridge received the developer index RG054. After the first batch of RG055 pistols appeared, the FSB drew attention to them. Special units of this department required powerful and compact weapons.

After completing the first tests at a specialized training ground of the Ministry of Defense, the customer decided to continue work at TsNIITOCHMASH to further refine the pistol only chambered for the 9x21 mm cartridge with a bullet with a heat-strengthened steel core.

Difficulties in financing work on the topic, as well as the loss of interest in the pistol chambered for 9x21 mm on the part of the Ministry of Defense, led to the fact that in 1993 the Russian Ministry of Security (now the FSB) ordered the development of a new pistol based on the RG055 pistol and the RG052 cartridge . Based on the interests of the customer of the pistol, a number of new requirements were presented to it, and the whole topic began to be called “Vector”.

In the course of further work on the pistol, the strength and service life of its parts were significantly increased. The bore began to be chromed. The thickness of the handle was increased to 34 mm, and the total length of the pistol increased by 5 mm and amounted to 200 mm.

There was corrugation on the side and end surfaces of the handle, and in the lower part there was an eyelet for attaching a cord. The magazine cover began to be made of impact-resistant plastic and thicker than that of the RG055 pistol, which also increased the ease of holding the pistol. As a result of the changes and improvements made, a complex was born, consisting of the SR-1 pistol and the SP-10 cartridge.
, 2016 It was put into service in mid-1996. The name “Vector” is not included in the resolution on the adoption of this complex for service, but we can safely assume that, according to the now unofficial tradition, it will become the second name of the pistol.

The lack of regular funding and orders within the country in the early 90s forced the company to develop an export modification of the pistol complex and offer it for sale abroad.

This modification received the commercial name Model 055C GYURZA, and it began to be demonstrated at various foreign and Russian arms exhibitions. An export modification of the SP-10 cartridge was also created for it under the developer designation RG054.

The use of a proper name, so unusual for domestic small arms, “Gyurza,” appeared during a discussion of the need and prospects for selling abroad an export version of the new pistol complex.

At a meeting with the then director of TsNIITOCHMASH A.V. Khinikadze, this name was proposed by the deputy head of the department - one of the leaders of the team for the creation of the pistol complex, Vladimir Fedorovich Krasnikov. His considerations, however, were quite specific - a bite from a viper, like a shot from a new pistol, is fatal.

In 1997, the Russian Ministry of Defense again returned to considering the possibility of adopting a pistol complex chambered for 9x21 mm. The SR-1 pistol, already accepted for equipment by the FSB and some other law enforcement agencies, was considered as the basis.

The pistol was tested by specialists from the Ministry of Defense testing site. Work on additional testing of the pistol complex was named “Granit”.

Based on the test results, a number of comments were made about the pistol. In particular, complaints were again expressed about the shape of the handle, as well as about the relatively large force required to release the magazine latch - this complicated its replacement.

Based on the results of these tests, the pistol was again modified. It received a more conveniently shaped handle, a push-button magazine release and a slightly modified rear sight design. The new version of the weapon was named the 9-mm Serdyukov self-loading pistol (SPS). The names of the cartridges have also changed.

The 9x21 mm pistol complex includes the following cartridges: 7N28 with a bullet with a lead core in a bimetallic jacket, 7N29 with a bullet with a steel core and 7BTZ with an armor-piercing tracer bullet.

To maintain an acceptable weight of the pistol for the new powerful cartridge, it was necessary to use an automatic circuit with a short barrel stroke. To ensure reliable operation of the automation in difficult operating conditions, an original locking system was created.

The automatic pistol operates on the principle of recoil of the barrel with a short stroke. The bolt casing completely covers the barrel in the firing position. An ejector is mounted in its recess on the right. The semi-hidden trigger is accessible to the thumb of the hand holding the weapon.
, 2016 Here it is worth noting the fact that Browning’s “blowback” was very seriously modified, and here the specialists, in fact, invented a fundamentally new scheme (although it is worth saying here that the contactor is used in the locking system of Walther P-38 and Beretta pistols 92, and for quite a long time) which has no analogues in the world yet (or at least not declared).

At the moment of firing, the barrel is locked with a special part - the barrel lock, which, when the bolt moves backward, rotates in a vertical plane and comes out of the grooves of the bolt, thereby ensuring the disengagement of the barrel and the bolt.

Other original technical solutions were also used in the new pistol. The return spring is located around the movable barrel, for which a patented solution is used in the form of a special stop (return spring stop) for the rear end of the spring, while the front end of the spring rests against the bolt. During shooting, this part remains motionless relative to the pistol frame. By the way, a Russian invention patent was issued for this technical solution.

Armamid molded impact-resistant plastic is used in the design of the pistol frame. A pistol grip is made from it, integral with the trigger guard. Metal fittings are fixed in the upper part of the frame. It serves to direct the movement of the bolt and secure a number of pistol parts in it.

The trigger mechanism of the pistol is a hammer, double action. However, it has one peculiarity. To fire the first shot by self-cocking, the hammer must be pre-cocked. The mainspring is located in the trigger. The trigger pull force is 1.5-2.5 kg, and when firing with self-cocking - 4-6.5 kg.
, 2016 Safe handling of the pistol is ensured by two automatic safety devices. One of them, located on the back of the pistol grip, blocks the trigger, the second, located on the trigger, stops the trigger. The expediency of having such fuses on the pistol is justified as follows.

A pistol is a weapon, the decision to use it is made almost instantly before shooting. At a time when your life is in danger, you should not waste time taking the weapon off the safety. That is why it is advisable to carry the SR-1 pistol with a cartridge chambered in the barrel. Placing the trigger on the safety cock in this case allows you to immediately open fire as soon as you take the pistol out of the holster. Some users permanently disable the handle safety by wrapping the handle with tape or tape.

The pistol barrel has six right-hand rifling.

SPS sights are fixed, located on the bolt body, and have white inserts to make aiming easier. Aiming at different distances is carried out by moving the aiming point in height.

The double-row magazine for 18 rounds with a staggered arrangement does not protrude from the handle. The magazine body has rows of holes that facilitate and allow you to determine the number of cartridges in it. The magazine release button is located behind the trigger on the handle.

Early production samples of the SR-1 did not have a slide stop, but the latest SPS pistols received a slide stop that was automatically turned off when a new magazine was inserted into the pistol. The magazine is released by pressing the stopper latch located behind the trigger guard with your thumb and forefinger. Removing the magazine is facilitated by a feeder spring, which pushes it out of the handle.

All over the world there is a good old weapons tradition of making special gift weapons based on military ones. They didn’t forget her at TsNIITochmash either. Local craftsmen have mastered the art of filigree finishing and a new pistol.

The pistol marking began to contain the manufacturer's trademark, the type of ammunition used on the right and left sides of the pistol grip and the serial number. The production of the pistol was established at TsNIITochmash and at OJSC Kirov Plant Mayak in Kirov. They can be distinguished by the size of the trigger guard (on the Kirov pistol it is slightly larger) and by the manufacturer’s trademark markings on the side surfaces of the handle. The sign of TsNIITochmash is the head of an owl, and the Mayak plant is a stylized mathematical sign - a radical.

For the creation of the pistol complex, the development group was awarded a prize from the government of the Russian Federation at the beginning of 1996. This pistol is distinguished by good accuracy and high penetration.

In August 1997, at the invitation of the Americans, a demonstration of a number of samples of special weapons developed at TsNIITochmash took place in the United States at the Marine Corps test site in Florida. The RG055 pistol was also presented.

Prudent Americans, taking advantage of the opportunity, asked to test their body armor. Imagine the surprise and despair of the FBI representatives after all the bulletproof vests they presented were pierced without any problems with a pistol from the Russian special services. Although it is worth noting here that the shooting was carried out with armor-piercing cartridges, which, however, does not in any way detract from the combat qualities of the pistol.

The pistol has a “sleek” shape. The main advantage of the new pistol is its very high effectiveness against targets protected by body armor or obstacles such as the sides of a car, for which the pistol received a specially created 9x21mm SP-10 cartridge (original designation RG052) with an armor-piercing bullet.

Later, in addition to SP-10, a number of 9x21mm caliber cartridges were developed, including cartridges with expansive (SP-12), low-ricochet (SP-11) and tracer (SP-13) bullets. With the SP-10 cartridge, the pistol is capable of successfully hitting targets wearing class 3 body armor with rigid elements at distances of up to 50-70 meters. It can also pierce the cylinder head block of a car engine. In addition, the SPS pistol has a fairly high magazine capacity and is adapted for operational use. Currently in service with the FSB and FSO forces, it is offered for export.

Group “A” or “Alpha” of the Seventh Directorate of the KGB of the USSR, subsequently Directorate “A” of the FSB of the Russian Federation - a special special unit whose main tasks are force operations to prevent terrorist acts, the release of hostages, etc.

In addition, Alpha fighters also participate in other FSB operations of special and increased complexity; they operate in “hot spots”, in Chechnya, Dagestan, Ingushetia, etc.

There are essentially similar anti-terrorism special forces in many countries, but our Alpha is known as one of the most effective, professional and experienced security forces in the world.

On July 29, 1974, the Chairman of the KGB under the Council of Ministers of the USSR, Yu. V. Andropov, signed Order No. 0089/OV (“Of Special Importance”) on changes in the staff of the Seventh Directorate and approval of the Regulations on Group “A”. This date is the official birthday of the special forces. The decision to create it was made after the terrorist attack at the Munich Olympics in 1972.


The first composition of Group “A” (A.I. Alutsenko, A.S. Afanasyev, V.M. Bagrov, A.I. Baev, N.V. Berlev, V.N. Vankin, V.S. Vinogradov, S. A. A. Golov, M. V. Golovatov, V. P. Emyshev, G. E. Zudin, Yu. A. Izotov, V. S. Kislenkov, S. G. Kolomeets, P. Yu. Klimov, S. I. Koptev, G.A. Kuznetsov, D.A. Ledenev, A.M. Lopanov, A.M. Molokov, V.S. Mochalkin, V.M. Pankin, A.N. Savelyev, A.I. Simonov , V.I. Filimonov, V.M. Fedoseev, A.A. Tsymbalyuk and E.N. Chudesnov.)

Initially created to prevent plane hijackings and free hostages, Group A gradually transformed into a powerful structure to combat terrorism in all its forms. As subsequent events showed, the birth of Alpha became a necessary, timely and adequate challenge to modern terrorist threats.


Only KGB officers could be enrolled in the group. The selection criteria are the most stringent. The first Alpha team was recruited from personnel fit for service in the Airborne Forces. Physical data and achievements in various disciplines were taken into account. Particular attention was paid to moral and business qualities and psychological endurance. Moreover, the formation of the group was carried out only on a voluntary basis.


Initially, Alpha Group consisted of thirty people. The place of “registration” is the Security Service of Diplomatic Representatives (DPR) of the Seventh Directorate of the KGB of the USSR. And by the time of the collapse of the Soviet Union, the number of Group “A”, taking into account regional divisions, was already five hundred people.

Information about it became available to the general public only in 1991. Before this, the special forces were top secret. At the suggestion of journalists, the unit was dubbed “Alpha.” After the State Emergency Committee, it was transferred to the Security Directorate under the Office of the President of the USSR, and then to the Main Directorate of Security (GUO) of Russia.


Since the 1970s, Alpha has been armed with unique types of weapons and special equipment, which are invariably and constantly replenished with the best modern models of military and weapons equipment. Silent pistols, rifles and machine guns (including those capable of firing underwater) - all made to special orders. The group's employees use body armor made of titanium and Kevlar, as well as bulletproof spheres - helmets with a visor and an individual communication device.


The majority of Alpha employees know how to drive all types of cars, all types of armored vehicles, have mountaineering and diving training, and the ability to have psychological endurance. Many of them have flight training skills. All this is designed to solve the main task - preserving the lives of people who find themselves hostages in the hands of terrorists.


Based on the world's and its own vast experience, Alpha has developed and applied its own special operations tactics (for example, the Alarm Plan), which helps ensure success even in the most difficult situations.

Currently, the structure of Directorate “A” includes:
Headquarters
5 departments (One department is constantly on a business trip to Chechnya)
Regional departments and special forces.


More than five hundred employees were awarded state awards for dedication, courage and bravery shown in the performance of military duty. Two officers of Group “A” were awarded the title “Hero of the Soviet Union”: Major General Viktor Karpukhin and Major General Gennady Zaitsev. Eight Alpha employees are Heroes of Russia. These are junior lieutenant Gennady Sergeev (posthumously), Colonel Anatoly Savelyev (posthumously), Major Vladimir Ulyanov (posthumously), Major Yuri Danilin (posthumously), Colonel Sergey Dyachenko, Colonel Valery Kanakin, Major Alexander Perov (posthumously), Colonel Andrey Kumov.

By many measures, Group A is one of the best counter-terrorism units in the world. Evidence of this is the hundreds of unique operations carried out by its employees. Combat duty, established in 1974, does not stop for a minute. This year “Alpha” will turn 39 years old.

Alpha's combat commandments.





1. Sweat saves blood.
2. The volume of the biceps does not affect the speed of the bullet.
3. A gun is just a working tool, the weapon is you.
4. What needs to be brought to normal combat is not the weapon, but the employee’s head.
5. The main value of the anti-terror unit is the instructors. (Signed: Instructors)
6. If a mistake is made at the selection stage, training has no meaning 7. Equipment, like life, has no price.
8. It is not the one who shoots first who wins, but the one who hits first.
9. For gaps in fire training, a “failure” rating in battle is given by an enemy bullet.
10. Weapons are not a source of increased danger, but your friend and working tool.

11. The best weapon is the one you work with.
12. Your skills are the best fuse.
13. The shooter's level is his worst shot.
14. The best pistol is a machine gun.
15. You need a pistol in order to get to your machine gun, which you didn’t have to leave anywhere.
16. The main means of preparing an anti-terrorism unit is realistic professional training.
17. Darkness is the friend of a trained employee.
18. Are you afraid to use weapons in a crowd? Get on your skis!
19. Errors in tactics can be corrected by quick and accurate shooting, errors in shooting cannot be corrected by anything.
20. Be a professional in battle, let the enemy die a hero.

21. The strength of special forces is not in muscles, but in brains.
22. Destroying an enemy is a craft, but making him shoot himself is an art.
23. All special forces soldiers died in fire contact, and not in hand-to-hand combat.
24. If you get to the point of changing magazines in fire contact, it means you missed too much before that. 25. No one has ever managed to miss fast enough to win.
26. The main means of fighting terrorists is weapons. The rest is secondary.
27. Effective fire is accurate fire.
28. Nothing can replace a quick and accurate shot.
29. TEST: Night, distance 15 m. Target - the head of a terrorist. The hostage is your child. (Answer: Yes - employee / No - discharged athlete)
30. An employee of the anti-terrorism unit is the master of every shot he fires.

31. Treat every shot as if it were your only shot.
32. Did you miss? Welcome! (Signed: Military Prosecutor's Office)
33. Successful circumstances reinforce bad tactics.
34. The main quality of an employee is the ability to make an informed decision and make a quick and accurate shot in any conditions and at any actual firing distances.
35. What is worth your shot is worth a second shot.
36. Anti-terrorism unit - the highest professional specialization of a special purpose unit
37. You don’t need to quickly disassemble a weapon, you need to quickly shoot it.
38. Mental clock - balance of accuracy and speed.
39. The only thing worse than a miss is a slow miss.
40. There is no point in shooting faster than you can hit.

41. Nothing is more inspiring than being shot at and missed.
42. It’s better to hit once with a PM than to miss twice with a Glock.
43. You can’t nail a firing course to an employee’s coffin.
44. There is never too much money, information and ammunition.
45. If a hooligan at a distance of 10 meters is simultaneously hit in one knee with a 5.45 mm bullet and in the other with a 7.62 mm bullet, he will not notice the difference.
46. ​​Win and survive to win again.
47. Special forces - quality, not quantity.
48. An effective anti-terror unit cannot be created by command - it takes decades.
49. People are more important than technology.
50. Employee - weapons - equipment - personal protective equipment and communications - equivalent elements of combat kit.

51. In hand-to-hand combat, the one with the most ammunition wins.
52. You are above all the uninitiated, improve yourself to be the first among those who know.
53. By sending fighters to war unprepared, we betray them (Confucius).
54. Military science requires courage and presence of mind, talent, undying genius, tireless study and absorption of experience in all areas of military affairs (Marshal of France Sebastien de Vauban).

Some operations

A mentally abnormal resident of the city of Kherson, Yuriy Vlasenko, accompanied by the second secretary of the US Embassy R. Pringle, went to the consular section and demanded immediate travel abroad. If he refused, he threatened to detonate an improvised explosive device. Negotiations conducted with the terrorist by the commander of Group “A” G.N. Zaitsev, and then by his deputy R.P. Ivon, did not lead to a positive result. By order of KGB Chairman Yu. V. Andropov, weapons were used - Major S. A. Golov fired shots from a silent pistol, but the terrorist was still able to detonate the explosive device and soon died from his wounds.

As part of the non-standard combat group "Thunder" (24 people), members of the unit, together with fighters of the Zenit Special Forces of the First Main Directorate of the KGB of the USSR (30 people), captured the Taj-Bek, also known as Amin's palace, in the Dar-ul-Aman area. Active support for the KGB special forces was provided by the “Muslim battalion” of the GRU and the 9th company of paratroopers of the 345th separate airborne regiment under the command of Senior Lieutenant V.A. Vostrotin. This operation is considered Alpha's best operation. The senior subgroups were: O. A. Balashov, S. A. Golov, V. P. Emyshev and V. F. Karpukhin. General management was carried out by the deputy commander of Group “A”, Major M. M. Romanov. The commander of "Zenith" is Ya. F. Semenov.

Simultaneously with Operation Storm-333, special forces soldiers were deployed together with paratroopers to capture strategically important objects located in different parts of the Afghan capital - Tsarandoy (Ministry of Internal Affairs), Air Force headquarters and the central telegraph office. The code name for the entire operation in Kabul to change power is “Baikal-79”.

November 19, 1983 - Tbilisi.

The Tu-134A plane, flying along the route Tbilisi - Leningrad with 57 passengers on board and 7 crew members, was hijacked by a group of “golden youth” of 7 people. During the raid, they killed pilots Z. Sharbatyan and A. Chedia, flight attendant V. Krutikova and two passengers. Navigator A. Plotko and flight attendant I. Khimich were seriously injured and left disabled. The bandits' demand: set a course for Turkey. During the shootout in the cockpit and the organization of aerodynamic overloads, the pilots managed to repel the attack of the terrorists, killing one of them, and blocking the door. The commander of the ship, A. Gardakhadze, landed the plane at the Tbilisi airport. On November 19, the plane was freed during a combined assault undertaken by employees of Group “A” (senior - G.N. Zaitsev). None of the passengers were injured. The capture groups were headed by M.V. Golovatov, V.V. Zabrovsky and V.N. Zaitsev.

1985 - 1986.

Forceful capture of twelve agents recruited by foreign intelligence services.

A gang of four people (the leader is a repeat offender P. Yakshiyants, V. Muravlev, G. Vishnyakov and V. Anastasov) seized a passenger bus LAZ-687, in which, after an excursion to the printing house, the 4th “G” class of school No. 42 was returning together with teacher N.V. Efimova. The terrorists drove the bus to the Mineralnye Vody airport, where they were ahead of Group A, which had taken off from Moscow. During grueling negotiations, which were conducted by G.N. Zaitsev on the radio for almost seven hours, he managed to agree on personal contact with them by Evgeniy Grigoryevich Sheremetyev, an employee of the KGB for the Stavropol Territory. As a result of his (Sheremetyev’s) six-hour personal negotiations with the bandits, risking his life, all the children (thirty people), the teacher and the driver were released, and instead of them, Evgeny Sheremetyev remained a hostage, whom the bandits also released just before flying to Israel in exchange for two million foreign currency.

After the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Israel, with which diplomatic relations were not maintained at that time, gave the go-ahead for the extradition of the criminals, the Il-76 T transport aircraft (RA-76519) (crew commander A. Bozhko) headed for the Middle East. Upon arrival at Ben Gurion airport, the bandits were arrested. Employees of Group “A” led by G.N. Zaitsev, who arrived next, after a compromise was reached on the non-application of capital punishment against terrorists (which the Israeli side insisted on), deported the Yakshiyants gang to the Soviet Union.

August 1990 - Yerevan, Armenian SSR.

Alpha fighters took part in neutralizing a particularly dangerous armed group - the Gray gang. During the operation, three criminals were killed, two were wounded, and six were detained.

22 employees of Group “A” under the command of Colonel V.F. Karpukhin, as well as 31 soldiers of the special forces training battalion (“maroon berets”) of the OMSDON named after. F.E. Dzerzhinsky were urgently transferred to Sukhumi, where 75 criminals took hostages and a temporary detention center. During the negotiations, the leaders put forward a demand: to provide them with a RAF minibus so that they could travel outside the temporary detention center, to the mountains. When the armed bandits loaded into the minibus with the hostages, the capture team began an operation to neutralize them.

At the same time, two groups began storming the detention center. In a matter of seconds, the criminals in the RAF were neutralized and the hostages were freed. The bandits in the detention center also surrendered after a short resistance. During the operation, Alpha employee I.V. Orekhov and one of the Vityaz fighters were slightly wounded. This special operation has no analogues in the domestic and world practice of using special forces units to free hostages taken by bandits in institutions of the penitentiary system.

December 5, 1992 - Moscow, Vnukovo Airport.

The release of 347 passengers on the Mineralnye Vody - Moscow flight, captured by the lone terrorist Zakharyev.

A well-armed group of Sh. Basayev burst into the city in two KamAZ trucks. The militants captured the city hospital with medical staff and patients, including women in labor and mothers with infants. On the morning of June 17, in extremely difficult conditions, Alpha employees stormed the hospital. The terrorists, placing hostages at the windows, fired from behind them, which negated the success of the assault. Later, Basayev contacted the 1st Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation, V. Chernomyrdin, by mobile phone. According to the agreement reached, the terrorists were provided with a corridor. The Alpha group fighters fighting in the hospital building were ordered to retreat.

Alpha officer Konstantin Nikitin, a participant in the assault, commented on these events: “Let’s assume that the Ashniks still entered the hospital and went out to the second floor. It is difficult to even imagine how they would carry out the task further, when the space between the terrorists and the fighters of the anti-terrorism group is filled with hostages. From whose bullets would they have suffered more, and what would have started, what kind of panic and confusion in this meat grinder?”

Taking 123 hostages with them, the militants boarded buses and headed towards Chechnya in a column. Not far from the mountain village of Zandak, all the hostages were freed. As a result of the action of Chechen militants in Budyonnovsk, 130 civilians, 18 police officers, 18 military personnel were killed, including three Alpha employees - Major Vladimir Vladimirovich Solovov, lieutenants Dmitry Valerievich Ryabinkin and Dmitry Yuryevich Burdyaev. Over 400 people were injured of varying degrees of severity. About 2 thousand people were held hostage. The eldest is the commander of Alpha, Lieutenant General A.V. Gusev. This operation is still considered the unit's most unsuccessful.


October 14, 1995 - Moscow, Vasilyevsky Spusk.

In the immediate vicinity of the Kremlin, a masked man armed with a PM pistol entered a Mercedes bus with 25 South Korean tourists and declared them hostages. If the conditions were not met, the criminal threatened to blow up the bus. At 20 o'clock, FSB special forces officers took up their starting positions. The eldest is the commander of Alpha, Lieutenant General A.V. Gusev. Lengthy negotiations were held with the criminal, in which Moscow Mayor Yuri Luzhkov participated. At about 10 p.m., the terrorist released all the detained women and three men. At 22.38, at the command of the head of the operation, FSB Director M.I. Barsukov, the assault began. The terrorist opened fire with a pistol and was killed. None of the hostages were injured.

December 19-20, 1997 - Moscow, Swedish Embassy. A terrorist took a Swedish diplomat hostage.

Armed with a pistol and a grenade, terrorist S. Kobyakov captured Swedish sales representative Jan-Olof Nyström in a Volvo car. As a result of negotiations, he was released, and his place was taken by Colonel A.N. Savelyev, who offered himself as a hostage. After he suffered an acute heart attack, which ultimately led to death, it was decided to immediately begin the active phase of the operation. As a result of the shootout, the criminal was killed. Posthumously, the chief of staff of the Alpha Group, Colonel Anatoly Nikolaevich Savelyev, was awarded the title of Hero of Russia.

Elimination of the leader of Ichkeria Aslan Maskhadov. The operation to detain the separatist leader, as well as his inner circle, was planned long and carefully. At the beginning of March 2005, information was received that made it possible to determine the address where the leader of the CRI was hiding with his guards. Despite all the militants' tricks, the bunker with the separatist leader was discovered. The militants in it were asked to surrender, to which they responded with a categorical refusal. After which the operational combat groups of the Center carried out an event to detain them, eliminating Maskhadov.

November 26, 2006 - Khasavyurt, Republic of Dagestan.

Elimination of the representative of Al-Qaeda and the leader of all foreign fighters, one of the leaders and financiers of the “jihad” in Chechnya and in adjacent regions, Abu Haws (real name - Faris Youseif Umeirat). Four militants were killed along with him. The force phase of the operation began with the fact that at dawn one of the groups deliberately revealed itself. The two militants were immediately killed by snipers. A shot was fired at the gate from a grenade launcher, and after this an assault group burst in in an armored KamAZ vehicle. The surviving militants took up defensive positions. They rejected the offer to surrender. The operation was completed in half an hour, a victory for the Alpha special forces.

May 2009 to present.

Conducting special operations in the North Caucasus as part of operational combat groups of the Special Purpose Center of the FSB of Russia.

As an illustration for the post, photographs from the calendar of Directorate “A” of the Central Security Service of the FSB of Russia for 2013 were used