In what year did Suleiman the Magnificent reign? The concubine who changed the history of the Ottoman Empire
Sultan Suleiman Khan Hazretleri - Caliph of Muslims and ruler of the planet
But before we move on to the description of the magnificent wedding ceremonies, we will once again return to the personality of Sultan Suleiman, with whom our heroine had the opportunity to while away her entire life, and to whom she dedicated many beautiful lines, responding to his poetic confessions. Having first indicated another important nuance from the life of the concubines, which - like many others - was disrupted by the love that broke out between Suleiman and his Haseki.
At the Ottoman court, a custom was adopted: the Sultan’s favorite could have only one son, after whose birth she lost her status as a privileged concubine and had to raise her son, and when he reached adulthood, she followed him to one of the remote provinces as the mother of the governor. But, as already mentioned, Alexandra Anastasia Lisowska gave birth to her beloved five children, and, therefore, she did not get bored with the ruler, who neglected the palace foundations. Contemporaries, unable to explain what was happening, and not wanting to pay tribute to true love, insisted that Hurrem “wrapped” the Sultan with witchcraft.
But was it possible to bewitch the sensible Suleiman?
Here we can recall that historians, with great and deep interest in the personality of Suleiman the Magnificent, came to the conclusion that it was Sultan Suleiman who was a fair legislator, receiving the corresponding nickname Kanuni. The conditions for his emergence as the “ruler of the world,” great, just and at the same time merciless, were laid down in him from early childhood in his royal family.
Alexandra Anastasia Lisowska gave birth to her beloved five children, and that means she did not get bored with the ruler, who neglected the palace foundations...
Sultan Suleiman was the long-awaited heir; he was born on April 27, 1494 into a family that already had four girls. This happened during the reign of Bayezid II. His son Sultan Selim “governor” in the province, mastering the craft of a ruler. His young beautiful wife Hafsa Aishe and his mother Gulbahar Sultan lived with him. This arrangement was in keeping with traditions Ottoman Empire in preparing sons for supreme government power.
The boy born in this family - the future ruler Suleiman - loved his grandmother Gulbahar Sultan very much, and was very worried when she passed away. After the death of the grandmother, all the care and upbringing of the beloved only son took over the mother of Sultan Suleiman, Hafsa. The most eminent teachers of that time were assigned to the heir to the throne. In addition to teaching literacy, history, rhetoric, astronomy and other sciences, Suleiman studied jewelry. The boy was personally taught the subtleties of his intricate craftsmanship by the most famous and best jeweler of the era, Konstantin Usta.
Sultan Selim, with the help of his loyal assistants, overthrew Bayezid II from the throne, after which he was proclaimed the new ruler of the empire. He confirmed his son, Sultan Suleiman, who had matured by that time, as governor of Manisa, in order to thus accustom his son to power.
Oriental jewelry
As we already know, after the sudden and sudden death of his father, being 25 years old, Sultan Suleiman ascended the throne. He ruled the Ottoman Empire for 46 long years, almost as long as his love for an earthly woman, who received the name Hurrem from him, lasted.
It is believed that with the coming to power of Sultan Selim, the Ottoman Empire reached its greatest prosperity, rightfully receiving the name “solar power”. This country and its richest treasury were guarded by perhaps the largest and most experienced army in the world.
Historians always emphasize that Selim’s son, Sultan Suleiman, bore the nickname Kanuni, that is, fair, thereby emphasizing that this ruler did a lot to make life easier for the common people. Indeed, history has preserved cases when the Sultan - unrecognized - went into the city, into the market squares, wandered the streets and performed good deeds, identifying and punishing the guilty. Surely because of this, people spoke of him as the Caliph of all Muslims, not forgetting to point out something more significant: their Sultan is the Lord of the Planet.
During his reign, the empire successfully established trade, economic and other relations with neighboring countries. It is also known that this man was tolerant of the Christian religion, and people belonging to this faith could calmly live according to the laws and customs of their religion, just like the Muslims themselves. There was no religious confrontation in the empire, and this, of course, was primarily the merit of the ruler. However, not everything went as smoothly as we say, for any strong state, and especially an empire, tried to strengthen its influence in the world, most often resorting to bloody wars to achieve its goals.
Radio “Voice of Turkey” in a series of programs about the history of the Ottomans (broadcast in 2012) announced: “The first Ottoman rulers - Osman, Orhan, Murat, were as skilled politicians and administrators as they were successful and talented commanders and strategists. Among the factors that contributed to the success of the Ottoman cause, one can also point out the fact that even opponents saw in the Ottomans Islamic warriors, not burdened with purely clerical or fundamentalist views, which distinguished the Ottomans from the Arabs, with whom Christians had previously had to deal. The Ottomans did not convert the Christians under their control by force to the true faith; they allowed their non-Muslim subjects to practice their religions and cultivate their traditions. It should be said (and this is a historical fact) that the Thracian peasants, languishing under the unbearable burden of Byzantine taxes, perceived the Ottomans as their liberators. The Ottomans, combining on a rational basis the purely Turkic traditions of nomadism with Western standards of administration, created a pragmatic model government controlled" (etc.).
Carpet seller. Artist Giulio Rosati
Eli the father of Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent pursued a policy of expanding the expanses of his possessions through conquest eastern countries, then his son expanded the borders of the Ottoman Empire in the European direction: Belgrade was captured in 1521, the legendary island of Rhodes in 1522, after which the capture of Hungary was planned. This has already been partially discussed above. And yet, adding new information to quotes taken from historians about that period, we will receive the following valuable details, colorfully indicating the spirit of the times. Or rather, about the spirit of that time, which stained the completely enlightened “solar” empire with blood.
After the capture of Rhodes, Sultan Suleiman appoints the former slave Manis, his longtime friend, Ibrahim Pasha, who received an excellent education under the Sultan, as chief vizier. He was to be responsible for the outcome of the Battle of Mohács in Hungary. An army of 400 thousand soldiers was involved in the Battle of Mojacs. Troops after completing morning prayers with the cry: “Allah is Great!” and raising the Sultan's banner, they rushed into battle. It is known that on the eve of the battle, the eldest soldier entered the Sultan, dressed in armor and sitting on a throne near his tent, and, falling to his knees, loudly exclaimed: “O my padishah, what could be more honorable than war?!” After which this exclamation was repeated several times by the entire large army. Only after completing a series of obligatory ceremonies, the soldiers, on the orders of the Sultan, went on the offensive. According to tradition, a battle march was played from the very beginning of the battle until its completion. At the same time, the “military band” sat on the backs of camels and elephants, encouraging the soldiers with rhythmic music. The bloody battle lasted only two hours, ending in victory for the Turks. So Sultan Suleiman gained Hungary, leaving the whole of Europe to shake in feverish tension, awaiting the implementation of new plans for the conquest of the world by the padishah. Meanwhile, Turkish subjects began to calmly settle down in the very center of Germany.
Ibrahim Pasha
After his European conquests, Sultan Suleiman sets out to capture Iran and Baghdad, his army winning battles both on land and at sea. Soon the Mediterranean Sea also becomes under Turkish control.
The result of such a successful policy of conquest was that the lands of the empire turned out to be the largest in the world in terms of area occupied by one power. 110 million people - the population of the Ottoman Empire in the 16th century. The Ottoman Empire extended over eight million square kilometers and had three administrative divisions: European, Asian, African.
Kanuni Sultan Suleiman, invested with sovereign greatness, acted as the compiler of a number of completely new effective laws. Turkish Kanuni means Legislator.
The inscription on the Suleymaniye Mosque, built in honor of Suleiman, reads: “Distributor of the Sultan’s laws. The most important merit of Suleiman, as a Legislator, was the establishment of Islamic culture in the world.”
The Sultan corresponded with the King of France Francois I. One of the letters addressed to the king and written by the ruler of the Ottoman Empire begins like this: “I, who rule in the Black and Mediterranean seas, in the Rumelian, Anatolian and Karashan, Rum and Diyarbakir vilayets, ruling in Kurdistan and Azerbaijan, in Ajem, in Sham and Aleppo, in Egypt, in Mecca and Medina, Jerusalem and Yemen, I am the ruler of all Arab countries and many more lands conquered by my ancestors. I am the grandson of Sultan Selim Khan, and you are a pathetic king of the French vilayet, Francesco...”
Halit Ergench as Sultan Suleiman in the Turkish TV series “The Magnificent Century”
By the way, as for enlightened France (for some reason this country is always identified with enlightenment). In 1535, Sultan Suleiman completed a monumental agreement with Francis I that gave France favorable trading rights in the Ottoman Empire in exchange for joint action against the Habsburgs. But what’s even more curious is that one of the French women, a relative of Napoleon himself, or rather, the cousin of Empress Josephine (Napoleon’s wife) Aimée Dubois de Riveri, was among... the ranks of the concubines of one of the Ottoman rulers. She went down in history under the name Naqshidil as the mother of Sultan Mahmud II. By the way, when Sultan Abdul-Aziz (1861–1876) visited France, Emperor Napoleon III, who received him, said that they were relatives through their grandmothers.
That's how he jokes Big History with his loyal subjects...
Turkish ceramics, 16th century
Here we can cite another very significant case. One day, Napoleon III's wife, Empress Eugénie, was on her way to the opening ceremony. Suez Canal I decided to look into Istanbul and visit the Sultan’s palace. She was received with appropriate pomp and, because she was bursting with curiosity, they dared to take her into the holy of holies - into the harem, which literally excited the minds of Europeans. But the arrival of an uninvited guest caused international embarrassment. The fact is that Valide Sultan Pertivniyal, angry at the foreigner’s invasion of her domain, publicly slapped the empress in the face. It is unlikely that Evgenia has ever experienced such humiliation, but how strong and protected one must feel in order to act in such a way as a valid Sultan. How highly a woman was raised (not only by power, but also by her inner essence) to give a slap in the face for intemperate curiosity. She took revenge, apparently, for what she felt: the European woman came running to inspect the harem, like a monkey nursery. This is what a fashion trendsetter, a sophisticated woman of noble blood, did to... a former laundress! Before becoming the wife of Sultan Mahmud II, Pertivniyal served as a laundress in a Turkish bath, where Mahmud noticed her either chiseled or curvaceous forms.
Let's return to our main character, who won the heart of the eastern concubine. Sultan Suleiman, just like his father, was fond of poetry, and until the end of his days he wrote talented poetic works, full of oriental flavor and philosophizing. He also paid great attention to the development of culture and art in the empire, inviting craftsmen from different countries. He paid special attention to architecture. During his time, many beautiful buildings and places of worship were built, which have survived to this day. The prevailing opinion among historians is that important government positions in the Ottoman Empire during the reign of Sultan Suleiman were received not so much through titles, but through merit and intelligence. As researchers note, Suleiman attracted the best minds of the time, the most gifted people, to his country. For him there were no titles when it came to the good of his state. He rewarded those who were worthy of it, and they paid him with boundless devotion.
European leaders were amazed by the rapid rise of the Ottoman Empire and wanted to know the reason for the unexpected success of the “savage nation.” We know about a meeting of the Venetian Senate, at which, after the ambassador’s report on what was happening in the empire, the question was asked: “Do you think that a simple shepherd can become a grand vizier?” The answer was: “Yes, in the empire everyone is proud to be a slave of the Sultan. A high statesman may be of low birth. The power of Islam grows at the expense of second-class people born in other countries and baptized Christians.” Indeed, eight of Suleiman's grand viziers were Christians and were brought to Turkey as slaves. The pirate king of the Mediterranean, Barbari, a pirate known to Europeans as Barbarossa, became Suleiman's admiral, commanding the fleet in battles against Italy, Spain and North Africa.
Suleiman the Magnificent
And only those who represented the sacred law, judges and teachers were the sons of Turkey, brought up in the deep traditions of the Koran.
It is interesting that during the reign of Suleiman, the peoples of the world had to experience the same feelings that our compatriots, along with the whole world, who believe in... the end of the world will experience. Those who were afraid of the onset of December 21, 2012, will understand what the writer P. Zagrebelny was talking about when he mentioned: “Suleiman willingly accepted the advice of his mother and beloved wife to play a magnificent wedding for his youngest sister. He hoped that in wedding celebrations the dissatisfaction of the troops with little booty and terrible losses at Rhodes, the gloomy whispers of Istanbul, disagreements in the divan, bad news from the eastern provinces and Egypt, the enmity that reigned in the harem since the expulsion of Mahidevran and the approach to Sultan Hurrem will be drowned out. 1523 was a difficult year everywhere. In Europe, they were waiting for a new flood, people fled to the mountains, stocked up on grub, those who were richer built arks, hoping to wait out the elements in them, and although the astrologer Paolo de Burgo convinced Pope Clement that heavenly constellations did not indicate the end of the world, the earth continued to be torn apart by wars , and the elements were raging in heaven. On January 17, 1524, in St. Peter's Cathedral, during a service presided over by the pope himself, he fell off a column big Stone and fell at the feet of the Roman high priest; Terrible downpours began throughout Europe.”
Dagger from the collection of the Topkapi Museum in Istanbul
And since we have already mentioned the celebrations - the wedding of Suleiman’s beloved sister named Hatice, then we can remember what happened on this significant day with our Hurrem. According to P. Zagrebelny, Roksolana gave birth to her second heir on this day. We read: “At this time, a messenger arrived from the Sultan’s gray with good news: Sultana Haseki gave birth to the ruler of the world, the glorious Sultan Suleiman, another son! It was the twenty-ninth of May - the day Fatih captured Constantinople. But the Sultan had already named his first son Khyurrem after Fatih, so he solemnly proclaimed to the guests that he was naming Haseki’s second son Selim, in honor of his glorious father, and immediately ordered the Sultana to be sent a gift of a large ruby, his favorite stone, and a golden ladder so that to mount a horse or a camel, and some of those present thought: so that it would be more convenient to climb to the heights of power.” Following Haseki's lead, the Sultan resumed the festivities six days later, after his concubine had recovered slightly from childbirth. So that she too could take part in the magnificent celebrations and enjoy entertainment of unprecedented generosity. “It didn’t even occur to the Sultan that with this magnificent wedding, never seen in Istanbul, he was giving birth to and strengthening the two most hostile forces in his state, which sooner or later would have to collide and one of them would inevitably die. He carelessly showed one of these powers to the people and thereby weakened it a hundredfold, for, as highly exalted, the people immediately hated it, while the other power remained hidden for now and was therefore much stronger. The obvious force was Ibrahim, from now on not only the grand vizier, but also the royal son-in-law. By hidden power - Roksolana, whose time has not yet come, but someday could and should have come.”
World famous oriental sweets
Another researcher, a historian, one of the main witnesses of that era, wrote that to commemorate this wedding, a grand celebration was organized at the Hippodrome, which lasted fifteen days. The 16th-century Turkish historian Peshevi wrote about the wedding of Ibrahim and Hatice: “...before our eyes stretched such abundance and fun as had never been seen at the wedding of a princess.”
...Sultan Suleiman, having become a ruler, managed to overcome various difficulties, securing for himself many flattering epithets. In world history, the period of the reign of Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent is referred to as the “Turkic era”, since the Ottoman Empire was considered the most developed civilization of the 16th century. The Sultan received his prefix to the name “Magnificent” as the ruler who reached the highest peak for his empire. The great padishah of the Turks was great in different guises: from a warrior to an educator, from a poet to a legislator, from a lover to a lover...
Engraving by Agostino Veneziano depicting Suleiman the Magnificent wearing a helmet above the papal tiara. This helmet was not a typical headdress for the Sultan, and he did not wear it, but the helmet was often near him when receiving ambassadors
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The only woman in the East with whom Sultan Suleiman shared power over the country and who was able to ascend the throne with her face open was the Ottoman Sultana Haseki. But in European countries this legendary woman became known under another name - Roksolana.
She was the wife of the Ottoman Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent and the mother of their common children, one of whom, Sulim II, later became the Ottoman ruler. Suleiman's concubine, the Ukrainian Roksolana, had extraordinary beauty. And the Sultan, having loved the girl with all his heart and soul, not only took her as his wife, but also invited her to rule the empire with him.
The details of her life are still of interest to many scientists and ordinary people, but not only because this simple girl was able to go from the Sultan’s mistress to the Empress. What are the secrets and riddles of Roksolana, famous favorite Sultan Suleiman, her biography conceals, read on.
What is known about the childhood and youth of the future sultana
Roksolana is a Ukrainian girl, famous for the fact that she became the wife of the Ottoman emperor and had all the powers of a padishah, allowing her to rule the country. But, despite the fact that Roksolana Haseki Hurrem Sultan was a legendary woman, the early years of her life are still not known to history. Well, the information that historical and literary sources offer is so contradictory that the truth about who and what Roksolana really was remains unrevealed.
And if most of the materials can be questioned, then the only indisputable detail that has become a reliable fact from Roksolana’s life is her Slavic origin. Almost all literary and historical sources insist that Roksolana Hurrem was Ukrainian.
Most likely, this outstanding person and future Ottoman sultana of the 15th century was born on territory that belonged to the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Nowadays this is the Ivano-Frankivsk region, located in western Ukraine.
Her real date of birth is unknown, as is where exactly Roksolana was born. Apparently, she was born into a priest's family around 1505-1506. If you believe literary sources, at birth the girl received the name Alexandra Lisovskaya. As for another version, according to which the baby was named Anastasia and lived in Rohatyn, she was very colorfully described by the Ukrainian writer P. Zagrebelny in his novel of the same name - “Roksolana”.
ABOUT early years Nothing is known about the girl’s life, but her life line can be built, based on Ukrainian and Polish chronicles, from the age of 15. It was at this age that the Tatars attacked the town in which the famous Turkish concubine Roksolana lived with her family. And a 15-year-old girl is captured by them. In the future she will be waiting fateful meeting with Sultan Suleiman, but before that she will have to go through several resales.
Once in the Sultan's harem, where the rules of survival were very cruel, she immediately managed to stand out. Roksolana and Suleiman met at one of the slave performances, when each of the new concubines had to demonstrate their talent to the owner. And the fragile girl Roksolana was able to surprise, intrigue and attract the attention of the Sultan not only with her singing, but also with her mysterious smile.
That evening, Sultan Suleiman ordered the scarf to be sent to his new favorite. This meant only one thing: she would have to spend the night with the young emperor.
The path from concubine to sultana
Silent and modest, she was always helpful and pliable, which won over the young ruler of the Ottoman Empire. After several nights spent together, she asked him for permission to visit the court library. This request, to put it mildly, surprised the Sultan, but he allowed her to go to the Sultan’s personal reading room. Some time later, when the young Sultan Suleiman returned from another military campaign, Roksolana shocked him. During his absence, she learned several foreign languages.
People in the area began to say that Hurrem was a witch. Some even blamed her for bewitching Suleiman. Envy arose among other concubines from the Ottoman ruler's harem. One of Suleiman’s mistresses even scratched young Roksolana’s face and body, which caused great indignation on the part of the Sultan. Since then, the Ukrainian captive became the most beloved wife of the Ottoman Emperor Suleiman.
Taking advantage of special privileges, the Sultan's main favorite began to listen to everything that the court servants taught her. Her life and destiny were not easy, and therefore Alexandra Anastasia Lisowska was determined to take everything from life. While spending hour after hour in the library, she also learned oriental dances. Roksolana has mastered the technique perfectly oriental dances and with her movements she could outshine any other concubine.
And yet it happened. Biography of Roksolana, future queen East, contains evidence of her wedding with an Ottoman prince. The marriage took place in 1530. Roksolana Haseki Hurrem Sultan became the first woman from the harem to be married by a representative of the royal dynasty, although this was contrary to the rules of the Turkish community.
The wedding celebration was on an unprecedented scale. On the eve of the wedding of the Sultan and his concubine, the streets of the city were decorated with festive decorations, and on the day of the celebration itself, a real performance was held, where wild animals, tightrope walkers and even illusionists performed.
Haseki's married life
Roksolana was happy in her marriage. Thanks to his humility and feminine wisdom she was able to win the heart of the Ottoman emperor and get what she wanted.
The fourth child of Roksolana and Suleiman was another son, named Bayezid at birth. But he will not live to see his natural death in old age, since in pursuit of power over the Ottoman Empire he will oppose his brother Selim and will be executed for this along with his family.
The fifth child in the family was also a son, who was named Dzhanhangir. At birth, he was diagnosed with a defect - a hump growing on his back. But, despite this physical defect, Janhangir will live a good life, although he will die in at a young age, approximately 17-22 years old.
But Roksolana Alexandra Anastasia Lisowska and Suleiman had more than just sons. The Turkish sultana gave birth to the Ottoman emperor's only daughter, Mihrimah. She was the favorite child in the family, received a decent education, was surrounded by the attention of both parents, lived in luxury and was never denied anything. As Mikhrimah matured, she mastered various sciences and was involved in charity work all her life. To perpetuate the memory of her good deeds, two mosques were built in Istanbul.
It is worth noting that the most educated woman of that time, the eastern queen Roksolana played a significant role in the life of the country. If you believe the data provided by Wikipedia, Hurrem Haseki was the initiator of the construction of socially significant buildings:
- Several mosques (now operating in Istanbul).
- Madrasah ( educational institutions, in which they trained and trained Muslim clergy, as well as primary school teachers).
- Hamam Roksolany (baths, which are currently one of the main attractions of Turkey).
Contribution to the development of the state and the cause of death of the concubine-sultana
As history shows us, Roksolana Haseki Hurrem Sultan was an incredibly wise, decisive and strong-willed woman. She lived a decent life, going through a difficult path from a concubine to a mistress who ruled an entire empire.
However, gentleness and love for children were combined in her with inflexibility and uncompromisingness. Alexandra Anastasia Lisowska did not spare traitors and traitors, applying harsh measures against them as a warning to others. So, for example, on the orders of the Sultana, one of the state dignitaries, named Ibrahim, was strangled. Caught in excessive sympathy for France, he became a victim brutal reprisals rulers.
Her contribution to the development of the Ottoman Empire was truly great. While her husband, Sultan Suleiman, was busy conquering new lands, Roksolana conducted diplomatic correspondence and organized receptions for foreign ambassadors, took care of business national importance. In addition, she introduced many reforms that simplified the lives of Muslim women and their children. That is why her death became a tragedy for the entire people of the Ottoman Empire.
The most educated and wisest woman of the 15th century, the beautiful Roksolana, died in 1558. According to historical sources, the cause of death of the Ottoman ruler, endowed with the powers of the padishah, was poisoning. However, this is still not an officially confirmed version. Considering that medicine at that time was not very developed, Hurrem Haseki could have died from an incurable disease. The Queen of the East, Roksolana, was fading away literally before our eyes. All attempts by her husband and children to save the life of the sultana were in vain, and in April 1558 (either April 15 or 18) Roksolana dies.
A year after the tragedy, the body of the eastern queen will be moved to a tomb located in a dome-shaped mausoleum. Her tomb was decorated with luxurious decorations, patterns and ceramic plates depicting the Garden of Eden. The texts of poems were also carved on the tombstone, which were dedicated to Roksolana and her charming smile. Author: Elena Suvorova
On April 27, 1494, the 10th ruler of the Ottoman Empire, Sultan Suleiman I the Magnificent, was born, to whose reign one of the most popular Turkish TV series “The Magnificent Century” is dedicated. Its release on screens caused a mixed reaction from the public: ordinary viewers followed the twists and turns of the plot with interest, historians commented indignantly a large number of deviations from historical truth. What was Sultan Suleiman really like?
The main characters of the series *Magnificent Century*
The series is designed primarily for a female audience, so the central storyline it became the relationship between the Sultan and the numerous inhabitants of the harem. A descendant of the 33rd Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, Murad V, Osman Salahaddin objects to this emphasis: “He ruled for 46 years. Over the years, he has covered almost 50 thousand kilometers on hikes. Not in a Mercedes, but on horseback. This took a lot of time. Therefore, the Sultan simply physically could not be in his harem so often.”
Francis I and Sultan Suleiman
Of course, the film did not initially claim to be a documentary historical film, so the share of fiction in it is really large. Consultant for the series, Doctor of Historical Sciences E. Afyonji explains: “We dug through a lot of sources. We translated the records of the Venetian, German, and French ambassadors who were visiting the Ottoman Empire at that time. In The Magnificent Century, events and personalities are drawn from historical sources. However, due to lack of information, we had to figure out the padishah’s personal life ourselves.”
Sultan Suleiman receives the ruler of Transylvania, Janos II Zapolyai. Antique miniature
It was not by chance that Sultan Suleiman was called the Magnificent - he was the same figure as Peter I in Russia: he initiated many progressive reforms. Even in Europe they called him the Great. The empire during the time of Sultan Suleiman conquered vast territories.
Fragment of the engraving *Bath of the Turkish Sultan*
The series softened the true picture of the morals of that time: society is shown as more secular and less cruel than it really was. Suleiman was a tyrant, as G. Weber claims, neither kinship nor merit saved him from his suspicion and cruelty. At the same time, he fought against bribery and severely punished officials for abuses. At the same time, he patronized poets, artists, architects and wrote poetry himself.
On the left is A. Hikel. Roksolana and the Sultan, 1780. On the right – Halit Ergench as Sultan Suleiman and Meryem Uzerli as Hurrem
Of course, screen heroes look much more attractive than their historical prototypes. The surviving portraits of Sultan Suleiman depict a man with subtle features European-type faces that can hardly be called beautiful. The same can be said about Alexandra Anastasia Lisowska, known in Europe as Roksolana. Women's outfits in the series they reflect, rather, European fashion than the Ottoman one - there were no such deep necklines during the “Magnificent Century”.
Meryem Uzerli as Hurrem and traditional Ottoman outfit
Intrigues and squabbles between Alexandra Anastasia Lisowska and the third wife of the Sultan Makhidevran, to which much attention is paid in the film, also took place in real life: if the heir to the throne, Mahidevran's son Mustafa, came to power, he would kill Hurrem's children to get rid of competitors. Therefore, Alexandra Anastasia Lisowska was ahead of her rival and did not hesitate to give the order to kill Mustafa.
An employee of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences S. Oreshkova draws attention to the fact that the harem is not shown exactly as it really was: “It is surprising that in the series Suleiman’s concubines and wives walk so freely. There was a garden next to the harem, and only eunuchs could be with them there! In addition, the series does not show that the harem in those days was not only a place where the Sultan’s wives with children, servants and concubines lived. At that time, the harem was partly like an institution for noble maidens - it contained many pupils who did not intend to become the ruler’s wife. They studied music, dance, poetry.” Therefore, it is not surprising that some girls dreamed of getting into the harem of the Sultan.
Family tree of the Ottoman Sultans family tree after Sultan Suleiman in the Ottoman Empire 10. Suleiman I Kanuni Sultan -27.04.1495-7.09.1566, reign 1520-1566, there are discrepancies in the date of birth, on the grave of Suleiman in his mausoleum the date 1495 is written, and in almost all the others In sources, the date of birth is November 6, 1494, so I can’t say which is more correct. If you believe this entry, Suleiman was a symbol, since he was born in the 10th year of the 10th cycle of the 10th month of the Hijri - this was in the mufti’s welcoming speech at the time of the accession of Sultan Suleiman (and among the Sunnis, 10 is a sacred number), and this is exactly November 1494, because The Hijri calendar is completely different. Father - Selim I, mother - Aishe Hafsa Sultan Wives: Fulane Khatun 1496-1550, - considered the mother of Shehzade Mahmud (22.09.1512-29.10.1521), Shehzade Abdullah (1514-28.10.1514), daughter of Fatma Sultan (1516-1516) ), see* 2. Gulfem Khatun (1497-1562), mother of Shehzade Murad 15919-1521, who died of smallpox. 3. Makhidevran (Gulbahar) - 1498-1580, mother of Shehzade Mustafa and presumably another son, Ahmed and daughter, who died at birth or immediately after. See* 4. Khurrem Haseki Sultan-1506-1558, mother of Mehmed 1521-1543, Mihrimah 1522-1578, Abdullah 1522-1526 (see *_, Selima 1524-1574, Bayazid 1526-1562, and Jihangir 1531-1553. Children : 1.Mahmud-1512-Manisa-29.10.1521-Istanbul 2.Mustafa 1515-Manisa-6.11.1553-Egerli 3.Murad-1519-Manisa-12.10.1521-Istanbul 4.Mehmed-1521-Istanbul-6.11.1543 -Manisa 5.Abdullah-1522-Istanbul-1526-Istanbul 6.Selim-05/28/1524-Istanbul-12/15/1574-Istanbul 7.Bayazid-09/14/1525-Istanbul-07/23/1562-Qazvin 8.Cihangir-1531-Istanbul -27.11.1553-Haleb 9.?0sultan-1521-1521, approximately the daughter of Mahidevran, with whom she was already pregnant upon arrival in Istanbul 10.Mihrimah Sultan-21.03.1522-Istanbul-25.01.1578-Istanbul 11.Fatma Sultan-? -1514 -Manisa- ??1514 12.Razia Sultan- ? – 1561 Istanbul Suleiman was beylerbey of Bolu (western Anatolia) in 1509, Cafe9Crimea) in 1509-1512 and in Manisa from 1512 to 1520. Until 1512, his mother was with him, but from Selim’s accession to the throne, he took her to command the harem in Istanbul. *On one Istanbul forum I found that Cihangir had a son after his death, Orhan 1554-1562, so it seems to me that this son is mistakenly attributed to his father Suleiman. *in 1521, one daughter died of Suleiman. The name is unknown, and the second daughter was married to Admiral Ali Pasha, but it is unclear in the same year or a little later, maybe she still means Fatma, born in 1514 *Mustafa was executed in 1553 and buried in the Cema Mosque in Bursa along with his mother , Orhan, the 5th son of Bayezid's half-brother. Mustafa had four children: Mehmed 1546-10/9/1553, strangled after his father, Orhan - ? -1552, died of illness (his mother is unknown), daughters Nargiz 1536-1577, wife of Jenabi Ahmet Pasha-historian, poet, beylerbey of Anatolia until the age of 20, and Shah Sultan 1550-2.10.1577, husband Dalan Karim. Shah Sultan's wedding took place on August 1, 1562, simultaneously with the weddings of her cousins, Ismihan and Gevharhan, the daughters of Selim II. Mother Nargiz, presumably after the execution of Mustafa, married Partaf Mehmed Pasha, the second vizier under Selim II (1565-1571). Mustafa's wife Rumeisa Khatun was born around 1520 (everywhere they write that by the age of 30 she had a son and a daughter, it turns out 1550-30 = 1520, at the age of 12 she ended up in a harem, and then became Mustafa's favorite, after the death of her husband and son, moved with Mahidevran to Izmir, where they loved her very much and called her Kadın efendi Sultan, where she soon died. So she was buried in Izmir, this is my personal opinion. *After Mehmed’s death in 1543, the next year he a daughter was born from his beloved concubine Huma Shahsultan (1544-1582).She married in 1566/67 for the first time to Farhad Mehmed Pasha (1526-6.01.1575), after his death she married her grand vizier cousin Murad III - Kara Mustafa Pasha (was vizier-1580-1580), and after his death she married Ghazi Mehmed Pasha in 1581. Her husband survived her by 10 years and died on August 23, 1582. In three marriages she had 4 sons and 5 daughters. *Despite my distrust of Turkish Wikipedia, I read an interesting translation there regarding Suleiman Fulane’s first wife. So, it is written there that the name Fulane belongs to three concubines together, who bore children to the Sultan, but did not play any role in his life, namely: the son Mahmud 1512-1521, Abdullah 1522-1526, born in the same year as Mihrimah, and who died in the year of Bayazid’s birth from an illness, presumably smallpox, and the daughter Razia Sultan, who was born either in 1519 or 1525, but died in 1570, and seems to have been buried in the tomb of Yahya Efendi, Suleiman’s foster brother. If anyone is there in the mausoleum, you can see; on the tablets they usually write who the mother and father are and the years of life. *there was another daughter, Fatma Sultan, who was born and died in the same year 1514 *Leslie Pierce writes in her book that the annals of the structure of the Ottoman dynasty mention the daughter of Suleiman, who married Admiral Mizinzade Ali Pasha. But nothing more is written about her Apparently, before the wedding, she was given lands as a dowry, which were included in the documents of the harem. *It is also mentioned in this article that Makhidevran also had a son, Ahmed, who also died at or immediately after birth, and one daughter, (1521-28 October 1522). Zagrebelny describes that Makhidevran, who was traveling to her husband in Istanbul in October 1520, was pregnant. *Bayezid was governor in Konya from 1543-1553, Karaman-1546, Kutahya-1558-1559 *Bayezid-son Khurrem had 11 children - 7 sons and 4 daughters Sons: Orhan-1543-1562 - executed with his father Osman- 1545-1562-executed with his father Mihrimah Sultan-1547-? Natice Sultan-1550-? Abdullah-1548-1562 – executed with his father Mahmud-1552-1562- executed with his father Aisha Sultan -1553-? Since 1562 married to Damat Ali Pasha Eretnooglu Hanzada Sultan -1556-? Murad/Alemshah -1559-1562 - executed in Bursa Mehmed - ?-1559 – died of illness Mustafa -?-1559 – died of illness *with Suleiman there was a very literate man Jalalzade Mustafa Chelebi (1487-1492-1567), who began to work clerk in 1519 under his father, and then in the divan, where he wrote verbatim all the meetings of the divan, which were preserved in the archives of Istanbul. In 1557, after disagreements with the main Vizier, Rustem Pasha, he resigned, died in 1567 at approximately the age of 75-80 * Suleiman's teacher in childhood was Mevlana Dolayli Hayreddin Effendi. The teacher of his sons was Birgi Ataullah Efendi. *after the execution of Ibrahim, Suleiman was very sad, and wrote, according to the English historian Heath Lovry, several dozen poems, calling him in them “Glorious Friend” or “Beloved Brother,” which he quoted in one of the television programs. Alan Fisher. Suleiman and his sons. Suleiman had several capable sons who were capable of leadership in military affairs and the arts. His sons meant a lot to their father. In the early years of his reign, he is reported to have gone hunting with them in Edirne, in the forests outside Istanbul and in Asia Minor, and later in the vicinity of Aleppo. His sons were circumcised twice, which resulted in celebrations - the first in 1530 for Mustafa, Mehmed and Selim, and the second in 1540 for Bayezid and Cihangir. Three of his sons died in infancy. And the first to reach adulthood and die in 1543 was Mehmed. According to contemporaries, Mehmed was the favorite son of the Sultan, whom he was preparing to take his place. And that his death plunged Suleiman into terrible grief. From which he never recovered. This was also indicated by the fact that Mehmed was sent as governor in 1540 to Amasya, and already in 1542 to Manisa, which was the place where future sultans were trained. Before that, Mustafa the son of Mahidevran ruled there from 1533 to 1541. Mustafa was attached to the sword, according to Ottoman customs, and kissed the hand of the Sultan. At that time he was still in his father's favor. His letters to his father and Ibrahim have been preserved. But at the same time, Mehmed took part in military operations in 1537 in the battles on the Danube, but there is no mention of Mustafa’s military companies anywhere. According to contemporaries, Mehmed had a more refined upbringing than Mustafa, they wrote about his sharp mind and subtle judgment. That's why his father prepared him for his place, but fate had its own way. Sheikhislams under the reign of Suleiman: Zenbilli Efendi (1520-1526) Ibn Kemal (1526-1534) Sadullah Saadi Effendi (1534-1539) Siivizadeh Muhiddin Mehmet Effendi (1539-1542), Abdul Kadir Hamidi (1542-1543) Feherizadeh Muhiddin Effend and (1543 -1545) EbuSuud (1545-1566) Victims during the reign: 2 sons, 6 grandchildren, 2 relatives: 12/27/1522: Shehzade Murad (1475?-1522) - son of Cem, grandson of Mehmed II 12/27/1522: Shehzade Cem (1492) ?-1522) - son of Murad, great-grandson of Mehmed II 11/06/1553: Shehzade Mustafa (1515-1553) - son of 12/00/1553: Shehzade Mehmed (1545?-1553) - grandson, son of Mustafa's son 09/25/1561: Shehzade Bayezid (1525) -1562) - son 07/23/1562: Shehzade Orhan (1545?-1562) - grandson, son of Bayazid 07/23/1562: Shehzade Osman (1547?-1562) - grandson, son of Bayazid 07/23/1562: Shehzade Abdullah (1549?-1562) ) - grandson, son of Bayazid 07/23/1562: shehzade Mahmud (1551-1562) - grandson, son of Bayazid 07/23/1562: shehzade Murad (1559-1562) - grandson, son of Bayezid 11.Selim II -05/28/1524-12/15/1574 , years of reign -1566-1574 Father - Suleiman Kanuni, mother Hurrem Sultan Wives: Nurbanu Valide Sultan (1525 - 12/7/1583) - mother of Murad III and 4 daughters * Nurbanu was given to Selim II by his mother when he left for his sanjak of Konya governor in 1543. In the years before accession to the throne, 4 daughters and a son were born. after ascending the throne, within 8 years, 8 more children were born from different concubines, including 6 sons, one of them Mehmed died during his father’s lifetime and was buried next to Hurrem Sultan in her mausoleum. *Daughters-Shahsultan 1548-1580, Jevherkhan Sultan-1544-1580?, married to Piala Pasha, Ismihan-1545-1585, she was married to his grand vizier Mehmed Sokollu, and the last Fatma -1559-1580, husband Siyavush Pasha, There were also 2 daughters from concubines, nothing is known about them.* *Shah Sultan was given at the age of 19 as a reward in 1567 for Zal Mahmud Pasha. But until 1567 she was married to Hasan Agoy from Rumelia, who died in 1567. Zal Mahmud Pasha participated in various campaigns, and Suleiman appreciated his merits, giving him a prefix to the name ZAL - that is, strong. He was the beylerbey of Anatolia. And since 1567, the second vizier under Selim. *the remaining 5 sons - Abdullah, Jihangir, Mustafa, Osman, Suleiman, under the age of 8, from concubines were killed by Murad III upon his accession to the throne in 1574, and were buried next to his father Selim II in his mausoleum. *in 1566, upon his accession to the throne, Selim II held a nikah with Nurbanu. He gave her 100,000 ducats as a dowry, and another 110,000 ducats was given by her son Murad III, who was 20 years old at that time. *Selim II had a wet nurse, the mother of Shemsi Ahmed Pasha, with whom he last years played chess. * The Sultan was very fond of growing flowers in his gardens. *He wrote poems that have survived to this day. 12. Murad III - 07/04/1546 - 01/15/1595, reign - 1574-1595 Father - Selim, mother Nurbanu Wives: 1. Safiya Valide Sultan (1547? - 1618) - mother of Mehmed III and Aishe Sultan. 2. Shemsiruhsan Haseki - mother of the daughter of Rukia 3. Shahnuban Haseki 4. Nazperver Haseki Sons: Mehmed III and 20 more sons from different concubines - Selim, Bayazid, Mustafa, Osman, Jihangir, Abdurakhman, Abdullah, Korkud, Abdullah, Hassan, Ahmed, Yakub, Alemshah, Yusuf, Hussein, Ali, Ishak, Omer, Aladdin, Davud. Daughters: Aishe Sultan, Fehri Sultan, Fatma Sultan, Mihribah Sultan, Rukiya Sultan and 22 more daughters from different concubines. * Haseki of Sultan Murat III Safiye since 1563, and with whom he lived for 20 years, without taking other concubines, unlike Khurrem and Nurbanu, with whom Sultans Suleiman and Selim II married, did not become his official wife. Nevertheless, Sultan Murat III, after ascending the throne, maintained a monogamous relationship with her for many years. Then, after treatment, he began to take many concubines; after his death, he was left with 20 sons and 27 daughters. According to the archives of the harem, he had 24 sons and 32 daughters. He suffered from promiscuity in sexual pleasures, and could sleep with several concubines together in a night (Freeley p. 95). Of the 56 children, 54 were born in the last 12 years of his life. the first concubine of this number was given to him by his sister Huma. Murad III is buried next to his father Selim II in the garden of Hagia Sophia, next to him are the graves of his 19 executed sons. Victims during the ascension to the throne: all born after 1566 12/21/1574: Shehzade Abdullah (?-1574) - brother 12/21/1574: Shehzade Mustafa (?-1574) - brother 12/21/1574: Shehzade Cihangir (?-1574) - brother 12/21/1574: Shehzade Osman (?-1574) - brother 12/21/1574: Shehzade Suleiman (?-1574) - brother 13. Mehmed III - 05.26.1566-1603, -, reign -1595-1603 Father-MuradIII and mother Safiye Sultan Haseki Wives: 1. Handan (Elena) Sultan Valide (? - November 26, 1605) - mother of Ahmed I and Mustafa I 2. Nazperver Haseki - mother of Selim. 3. Fulane Haseki - mother of Mahmud 4. Fulane Valide Haseki - stepmother of Mustafa I *After the enthronement of Mehmed III, the first thing he did was invite 19 of his half-brothers, the oldest of them was 11 years old, ordered them to be circumcised, and then they were all strangled. They were buried next to their father, arranged by age around their father. He also ordered the drowning of 10 wives and concubines of his father, with suspected pregnancies. All remaining wives. the concubines and 27 daughters of the deceased sultan were taken to the old palace with all their servants. *Mehmed III, before ascending the throne, spent 12 years as governor in Manisa, where he had 4 sons from different concubines: Mahmud, Selim, Ahmed and Mustafa. And after the ascent, 2 more sons Suleiman and Jihangir, who died in infancy. *Mehmed III was the father of 7 more daughters, the eldest was called Sevgilim. The names of the others are unknown. *After the return of their military campaign to Hungary in 1596, the Sultan never went to them, due to poor health due to excesses in food and entertainment. IN next year in the spring he executed his second son Selim, the reasons are unknown. *The Queen of England gave Mehmed III a very expensive and unusual gift - an organ with various decorations and a clock, which was brought and installed in 1599. And his mother Safiya received a carriage worth more than an organ. -Safiye Valide had an intermediary to communicate with traders and external world-Jewish named Esperanza Malka. All these intermediaries were called common name- Kira. This Jewish woman made money while communicating with the Sultana enormous wealth . They were suspected of having an unholy affair. *In 1603, a revolt of the Janissaries arose, who demanded the Sultan to transfer the throne to his son Mahmud, an additional reason was a letter from one soothsayer, given to Mahmud’s mother, and intercepted by Safiye Sultan, that within 6 months the Sultan would die and Mahmud would ascend the throne. As a result, on June 7, 1603, the mother and her son Mahmud were executed. *The throne was accepted by the 13-year-old son Ahmed, who was very serious and independent. Which everyone soon saw. He personally girded himself with a sword without the help of the sheikhislam and sat on the throne * At the time of his death, the Sultan had another living son, Mustafa, who suffered from dementia, so Ahmed spared him and did not execute him. *Mehmed III was buried in a luxurious tomb in the garden of Hagia Sophia, thereby making this tomb the last to stand near Hagia Sophia. In addition to the three sultans, numerous wives, concubines and their children are buried there. *Ahmed, immediately after ascending the throne, sent his grandmother Safiye Sultan to the old palace where she died 15 years later in 1618. Victims during the ascension to the throne (19 brothers, 2 sons): 01/28/1595: Shehzade Selim (1567-1595) - brother 01/28/1595: Shehzade Aladdin (1582-1595) - brother 01/28/1595: Shehzade Abdullah (1585-1595) - brother 01/28/1595: Shehzade Mustafa (1585-1595) - brother 01/28/1595: Shehzade Bayezid (15 86-1595 ) - brother 01/28/1595: shehzade Jihangir (1587-1595) - brother 01/28/1595: shehzade Ali (?-1595) - brother 01/28/1595: shehzade Hasan (?-1595) - brother 01/28/1595: shehzade Hussein (? -1595) - brother 01/28/1595: shehzade Ishak (?-1595) - brother 01/28/1595: shehzade Korkud (?-1595) - brother 01/28/1595: shehzade Mahmud (?-1595) - brother 01/28/1595: shehzade Murad (?-1595) - brother 01/28/1595: shehzade lsman (?-1595) - brother 01/28/1595: shehzade Omar (?-1595) - brother 01/28/1595: shehzade Yakub (?-1595) - brother 01/28/1595: shehzade Yusuf (?-1595) - brother 01/28/1595: shehzade Vabdurakhman (1595-1595) - brother 04/20/1597: shehzade Selim (1580-1597) - son 06/07/1603: shehzade Mahmud (1587-1603) - son 14. Ahmed - 18.04 1590-22.11.1617, reign -1595-1617 Father-Mehmed III and mother Handan Sultan Valide Wives: 1. Mahfiruz Sultan mother of Osman II 2.. Mahpeyker (Kosem Sultan) - ?-1651 - mother of Murad IV and Ibrahim I and daughters Aishe, Fatma, Atike and Khanzadeh 3. Fatma Haseki Sons: Osman II, Murad IV, Ibrahim, Bayezid, Suleiman, Kasim, Mehmed, Hasan, Khanzadeh, Ubeyba, Selim Daughters: Jeverkhan, Aisha, Fatma, Atike. - these daughters from official wives *Upon accession to the throne, Ahmed immediately sent his younger, weak-minded brother Mustafa to the old palace along with his mother, whose name remained unknown in history. At the age of 14.5, Ahmed had a son, Osman II, from Mahfiruz, also nicknamed Khatice. *during 1605, Ahmed gave birth to another son, Mehmed, and a daughter, Jeverkhan, from concubines whose names have not been preserved. *Over the course of 10 years from 1605 to 1615, he had 15 more children from various concubines, including 10 sons and 5 daughters. Of these, 6 sons and 4 daughters from official wives. *in 1596, one of the first concubines in the harem was the Greek Anastasia, who was nicknamed Kesem, which translated meant Leader of the Pack. She was also given the middle name Machcaper. She soon became Ahmed's favorite concubine and gave birth to his second daughter, Aishe, in 1605. *within 10 years, Kesem gave birth to another daughter, Fatma, and 4 sons - Murad IV - 08/29/1609, Suleiman - 1611, Kasym - 1613 and Ibrahim - 11/9/1615 * Kesem became the stepmother of Shehzade Osman, whose mother, The Sultan sent one to the old palace to live out her life. Osman loved his stepmother very much. *Ahmed twice wanted to strangle his brother Mustafa, but was prevented natural disasters and partly Kesem Sultan, in the hope that later her children would be spared. *In 1603, Ahmed arranged the marriage of his 8-year-old daughter Jeverkhan with the commander Kara-Mehmed Pasha, 55 years old. *the day after the wedding, he almost killed the bride’s mother, who strangled his favorite. *In the same 1603, Ahmed married his second 7-year-old daughter Aisha to the chief vizier Nasuh Pasha, a middle-aged man. Two years later he executed him. After this, Aishe Sultan married 6 more times. The 3rd husband, also from 1562, was the Grand Vizier Hafiz Ahmed Pasha, and the 6th husband, Halet Ahmed Pasha, died when Aisha was 39 years old. All her husbands died either from old age or in war, only one was killed * in the same way, Kesem gave away her other daughter Fatma in order to strengthen ties between the sultans and high-ranking officials, and in order to have influence on them. *Osman's mother Mahfiruz never became valid under her son, who succeeded Ahmed, as she remained to live in the old palace, where she died in 1620; she was buried near the Ayub mosque. *after death from typhus (written in Turkish sources) Ahmed, Kesem with her sons and other sons from various concubines were sent to the old palace, and thus saved their lives, since the Fatih law had not yet been abolished.
Portrait of Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent
In 1494, in the city of Trabzon, a boy was born into the family of the great Ottoman dynasty. At birth he was given the name Suleiman. His father was Sehzade Selim and his mother was Ayse Hafsa.
Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent was the tenth sultan of the great Ottoman Empire. The history of his reign began in the fall, on September 22, 1520. And it lasted until September 6, 1566.
The first thing Sultan Suleiman I did when he ascended the throne was to release all the Egyptian captives from noble families whom the previous sultan had kept in chains. Europe was incredibly happy about this fact. But they missed the fact that Suleiman, although not as cruel and bloodthirsty as Suleiman, was still a conqueror. In 1521, Sultan Suleiman conducted his first military campaign against Belgrade. Since then, he constantly fought and captured cities and fortresses, subjugating entire states.
Sultan Suleiman set out on his last military campaign on May 1, 1566. On August 7th, the Sultan's army moved to capture Szigetvarai. But in September of the same year, during the siege of the fortress, Sultan Suleiman died in his tent from dysentery. Suleiman was then 71 years old.
The Sultan's body was taken to the capital Istanbul and buried in the Suleymaniye Mosque, next to the mausoleum of his beloved wife Hurrem Sultan.
Character of Sultan Suleiman
Sultan Suleiman I was a creative person. He loved peace and tranquility. He was also famous as a skilled jeweler, wrote beautiful poetry, and loved philosophy. Suleiman also had blacksmithing skills and even personally participated in casting the cannons.
Sultan Suleiman at jewelry work in the series The Magnificent Century During the reign of Suleiman, grandiose buildings were created. Palaces, bridges, mosques, especially the world famous Suleymaniye Mosque, which is the second largest mosque in Istanbul - they all show us the unique style of the Ottoman Empire.
Sultan Suleiman fought uncompromisingly against bribery. He severely punished all officials who abused their position. The people loved the Sultan for his good deeds. He built schools so children could get an education. Suleiman released all the artisans who were forcibly taken from their cities. But Georg Weber wrote that “he was a ruthless tyrant: neither merit nor relationship saved him from his suspicion and cruelty.”
But he was not a tyrant. On the contrary, Sultan Suleiman was a fair ruler and never ignored his people and helped everyone in need.
Suleiman had a habit of dressing up as a poor man or a rich foreigner so that no one would recognize him. In this form it entered the market. So he found out the news in the city and what his people thought about him and his rule.
Sultan Suleiman was an excellent strategist. He conquered many states and subjugated the inhabitants of many cities, for which he received the nickname “Lord of the World.”
Family of Sultan Suleiman
Suleiman treated him with respect family traditions and never went against the family. He especially revered his mother Hafsa Valide Sultan. He developed a warm and trusting relationship with her. But after the appearance of the concubine Hurrem in the life of the Sultan, the relationship between mother and son began to crack.
Sultan Suleiman and his mother Valide Sultan in the series Magnificent Century Valide was against her son’s marriage to Hurrem. However, Suleiman for the first time in his life disobeyed her and performed a nikah ceremony with Hurrem, making her his legal wife. After this act, Hafsa Valide Sultan deprived her son of her trust. In response to this, the Sultan stopped coming to his mother every morning for a blessing. But Suleiman continued to love his Valide.
The Sultan’s communication with the sisters was also warm and friendly. He always helped them and even listened to their advice. The sisters saw him as an ideal. But just like with Valide, their relationship deteriorated after Suleiman announced his love for Hurrem. It was after this that the Sultan’s sisters took up arms against their brother.
Suleiman's sisters in the series The Magnificent Century The ruler treated his first wife, Makhidevran, with respect. He loved his son Mustafa very much, whom she bore to him. And he was pleased with the way she raised him. But after Mahidevran tried to get rid of Hurrem, her main rival, Sultan Suleiman did not even want to see his wife.
Mahidevran Sultan and Sehzade Mustafa Suleiman treated all his sons equally. He loved each of them and did not single out anyone. He also did not like quarrels among his heirs and therefore always strived to improve relations with each shehzade.
The sons of Sultan Suleiman in the series The Magnificent Century Hurrem was the closest to the Sultan and dear person. He loved her cheerful disposition and cheerful character. It was for this that he gave her the name Alexandra Anastasia Lisowska, which meant “bringing fun and joy.” Suleiman forgave her all her antics and was ready to do anything for the sake of his beloved.
However, discord appeared in their relationship after the death of Shehzade Mustafa and Cihangir. And when Suleiman became aware of incurable disease Alexandra Anastasia Lisowska, their love bond only became stronger. But everything stopped after the death of Alexandra Anastasia Lisowska. Sultan Suleiman suffered terrible grief. He declared mourning in the palace. He banned bright clothes, jewelry and any holidays.
Death of Alexandra Anastasia Lisowska in the TV series The Magnificent Century Children of Sultan Suleiman
Suleiman, as expected, had his own harem. He first became a father at the age of 18. His first-born son Mahmud, who was born in 1512 from his first favorite Fulane. But, alas, during a smallpox epidemic in 1529, the boy died at the age of 9 years. But his mother did not take any serious role in the life of the Sultan, and in 1550 she died.
Murad's second son was given to Suleiman in 1513 by his second favorite Gulfem. But this boy was also destined to die from smallpox during the epidemic. Gulfem ceased to be the Sultan's concubine and no longer bore him children. But for a long time she remained a loyal friend to Sultan Suleiman. In 1562, on the orders of Suleiman, Gulfem was strangled.
Mahidevran Sultan and little Mustafa Mahidevran Sultan was the third favorite of the Sultan, who gave birth to several shehzade. She gave birth to the well-known Shehzade Mustafa in 1515. Mustafa was very popular among the people of Turkey. Mustafa was accused of rebellion against his father, Sultan Suleiman, and was executed on his orders. His mother was exiled to Bursa, where she died in complete anguish and poverty in 1581. She was buried in Bursa, next to her son in the mausoleum of Sehzade Mustafa.
Having become the fourth and only favorite of the Sultan, in 1534 she was able to become the legal wife of Suleiman. She became the mother of his six children. Their firstborn in 1521 was their son Mehmed. Then in 1522 their daughter Mehrimah was born. After this, Hurrem in 1523. gave birth to a son, Abdullah, and in 1524. gave birth to the Sultan another son, Selim. In 1525, she again gave the Sultan a son, who was named Bayezid. But that same year she lost her second son Abdullah. In 1531, Hurrem gave birth to her last son Jihangir.
Hurrem's protege for the post of Grand Vizier was Rustem Pasha, for whom she was married only daughter Sultan Mehrimah. In Europe, the news that the Sultan's daughter married a former groom was ridiculed. After all, they are accustomed to equal marriages. However, for Sultan Suleiman, human qualities, intelligence and insight were primarily important.
Mehrimah Sultan and Rustem Pasha It is possible that Sultan Suleiman had another daughter who was able to survive in infancy and survive all illnesses. Razie Sultan. Who her mother is and whether she really was the blood daughter of the Sultan is not known. This is indirectly indicated by the inscriptions on the burial in Yahya Efendi’s turba: “Carefree Razi Sultan, blood daughter of Kanuni Sultan Suleiman and spiritual daughter of Yahya Efendi.”
Towards the end of the reign of Sultan Suleiman I, it became obvious that a struggle for the throne among his remaining sons was inevitable. Shehzade Mustafa was executed as a rebel (it is not known whether he was actually a rebel or he was slandered), Mustafa's seven-year-old son Mehmed was also strangled. The son of Hurrem and Suleiman Mehmed died in 1543. But Cihangir was very weak physically and died soon after the execution of Shehzade Mustafa. They say that he died of longing for his murdered older brother.
Shehzade Selim and Shehzade Bayazid Suleiman had only two sons left, who began to fight for the right to inherit the throne. After the death of Hurrem Sultan, Sehzade Bayezid rebelled against his older brother Selim and was defeated. The rebellious Shehzade was executed by the verdict of his father, the Sultan, in 1561. His five sons were killed along with him. .
