How to correct the pronunciation of hissing words. The child does not pronounce hissing sounds: exercises for making the sound “sh”
The lack of pronunciation of all sibilants (Ш, Ж, Ш, Ш) is called sigmatism, which is similar to the sigmatism of sibilants (S, 3, C). This is explained by the fact that hissing and whistling general method formation, in which a directed stream of air passes through a gap, along a groove located along the middle of the tongue.
The types of sigmatism are the same as in whistling people.
Interdental-lateral sigmatism- the tip of the tongue falls between the front teeth, and one edge of the tongue (right or left) comes off the molars, causing the entire tongue to turn to one side.
Lateral sigmatism- both edges of the tongue (or one) are torn away from the molars, which creates a gap between the edge(s) of the tongue and the molars. Air rushes into the resulting gap, and the tip of the tongue rests on the palate, which produces an unpleasant squelching sound.
Labiodental sigmatism- lips protrude forward strongly. The upper incisors are pressed against the lower lip, forming a gap with it, where the air flow rushes. The tongue does not take part in the formation of sound; a sound close to F is heard.
Buccal sigmatism- the tongue lies passively at the bottom of the mouth. The air inflates both cheeks.
Softened sound Sh— as a rule, softened pronunciation of the sound Ш occurs when it is lower articulated or as a result of the position of the tip of the tongue being too close to the front teeth.
Nasal sigmatism (or partial nasality)- a defect occurs if, during the pronouncement of Ш, the soft palate drops and air enters the nasal cavity.
Replacing the sound Ш with other sounds(for example, C, T, etc., both correctly and incorrectly articulated) is called parasigmatism and refers to a specific defect.
SOUND PRODUCTION Ш
If a child has correct articulation of the sound S or has mastered its pronunciation, producing the sound Ш is not difficult.
1. It is best to place the sound Ш from the sound S. To do this, ask students to pronounce S ( long sound s-s) or the syllable SA and at the moment of pronouncing, lift its tip of the tongue with a spatula, probe or finger by the upper teeth, onto the alveoli. Instead of S or SA, Sh or ShA is heard. Focusing the child’s attention on the upper position of the tip of the tongue (make sure he doesn’t stick his tongue into the roof of his mouth!), invite him to listen to what happened: “I said SA, but what happened?”
2. It is easy to set the sound Ш from the sound Р by slowing down the vibration of the tip of the tongue with mechanical assistance (probe). You can stop the “rolling” of the sound R, for example, with the word “stop!”, suggest holding articulation and remember the place behind the upper incisors where the sound R was pronounced. At “this place”, behind the upper teeth, say “sa” and listen to what happened . The sound Ш can also be made from the whisper sound R.
3. In exceptional cases, you can make the lower sound Ш by moving the tip of the tongue back with a spatula at the moment of pronouncing the long sound S - s-s. The delivered sound is fixed in syllables, words and is automated in individual phrases, sentences and texts.
Normal installation of the organs of articulation when pronouncing the sound “SH”.
- The tip of the tongue in the shape of a “cup” is raised to the front of the palate (at the alveoli);
- The lateral edges of the tongue are adjacent to the upper molars;
- The muscles of the tongue are not too tense;
- The lips are rounded and pushed forward in the shape of a “horn”;
- There is a small gap between the teeth;
- The air is exhaled evenly in the middle of the tongue;
- A warm stream of air is felt on the palm brought to the mouth.
- The voice motor is not working.
Preparatory exercises for the sound "Ш".
Lip exercises . Close your teeth. Round your lips and extend them forward, as when pronouncing the sound “O”. The corners of the lips should not touch. Lips do not cover teeth. Relax your lips and repeat the exercise several times.
Note. The lips are too extended forward (as when pronouncing the sound “U”). In this case, the corners of the lips touch and, therefore, are involved in the work, whereas they should be motionless. In addition, an additional obstacle is created for the escaping air.
Exercise to develop exhalation . Round your lips and, inhaling, exhale the air evenly and forcefully. Control the exercise with the palm of your hand - a warm stream is felt. Ignore the position of the tongue. Through repeated exercises, achieve the required air force in the child.
Tongue exercise . Raise the tongue to the front of the roof of the mouth using a flat stick (the flat end of a teaspoon) placed under the tongue. Raise the tip of the tongue to the palate. Open your teeth to the width of one and a half fingers. Round your lips. Keep your tongue in the upper position for a while. Repeat the exercise many times.
Repeat the exercise without using a stick. In this case, the tongue should rise freely and be held against the palate.
Exercise . Pronouncing the long sound “SH”. Raise the tongue to the front of the roof of the mouth using a flat stick. Without removing the stick, close your teeth. Round and extend your lips forward, but the corners of your lips should not touch. Exhale air evenly and forcefully, controlling the stream with the palm of your hand. A long sound “Sh - Sh - Sh” is heard.
Children have various problems with many letters in the process of speech formation. One of the most common difficulties is setting the sh sound. Typically, children find it difficult to pronounce hissing sounds for the reason that they cannot relax the tongue and position it in the required shape, which is required by the correct articulation of the sound sh.
The main reason that a child cannot speak hissing sounds correctly is the way the parents communicate with the baby. Many adults deliberately copy the speech of a child, speaking to him in a childish way. Thus, the child hears the incorrect pronunciation and gets used to precisely this manner of producing the sound sh. That is why experts strongly recommend that parents speak to their children correctly.
In addition to the parental desire to imitate baby babble, some structural features of the articulatory apparatus play an important role in the production of the sound sh, which include the following points:
- tongue movement is limited due to the shortened hyoid ligament;
- articulation is affected by the size of the lips (too thin or full) and the size of the tongue (too big or small);
- dental anomalies;
- disruption of the auditory canal.
In most cases, a violation of the production of the sound w can be quite easily corrected at home with regular and careful work with the child. In some cases, children who have problems pronouncing hissing words will be helped by a speech therapist.
Articulation
Collateral good pronunciation is the correct articulation of the sounds sh and zh. To teach a child to pronounce the letters sh and z correctly, it is necessary to study one method of articulation, since the speech apparatus works almost identically when pronouncing both letters.
So, in order to correctly pronounce the letter w, it is necessary to work with the articulatory apparatus as follows:
- the baby's lips should be slightly pushed forward in the shape of a tube;
- the tip of the tongue is raised to the palate so that a small gap remains between them;
- the lateral edges of the child’s tongue are pressed against the upper outer teeth, giving the tongue the shape of a cup;
- a stream of air easily passes through unused vocal cords, creating the necessary sound.
In order to understand how to teach a child to say the letter z, it is necessary to resort to the articulation described above, while connecting the vibrations of the vocal cords.
Very important regular exercise for making sounds. These exercises can be done with a speech therapist or at home.
Exercises
Experts have developed special speech therapy exercises for the sound zh and sh to help children learn to pronounce it correctly. This technique includes many different exercises. Below are the most effective and popular ones used among speech therapists.
Spatula
This exercise for making the sound sh is aimed at relaxing the tongue. You need to open your mouth and smile. In a relaxed smile, extend your tongue forward and place the tip in a calm position on lower lip. The side walls of the front of the tongue gently touch the corners of the mouth.
It is important to maintain this position without tension for several seconds. This exercise is basic for such a problem as producing hissing sounds, including the letters zh and sh.
Pie
The “Pie” task must be used to strengthen the muscles of the tongue, as well as to develop mobility of the lateral walls of the tongue. As in the previous exercise, the mouth is open in a smile, the tongue lies on the lower lip. Without straining your lips, it is necessary to lift the side walls of the tongue so that a depression is formed along the central axis of the tongue.
You need to hold this position for 5 to 10 seconds.
Swing
“Swing” is used to make a child’s tongue more mobile. The initial position of the articulatory apparatus is as follows: an open and relaxed smile on the lips, the tongue lies wide and flat (do not allow it to become narrow).
Tongue movements are performed alternately:
- first, to produce the sound w, a wide and flat tongue is stretched towards the ceiling, after which it is directed towards the floor;
- then the tongue moves first to the upper lip, then to the lower;
- you need to put your tongue between your upper lip and upper teeth, and also do the same with your lower lip and teeth;
- then the tongue touches the upper and lower incisors;
- at the end you need to touch the wide tip of your tongue to the alveoli behind the lower row of teeth, and then behind the upper one.
The tongue moves through the teeth
This task is useful for making the sound w because it well develops the baby’s ability to control his tongue. To complete this task you need to open your mouth and relax your smiling lips. Using the wide tip of your tongue, touch the lower dentition from the side of the tongue, and then from the side of the lip.
Painter
This task for working on the letters zh and sh helps, first of all, to strengthen control over the production of the tongue. It also allows the baby to feel how to direct the tongue in top part mouth
It is necessary to open your mouth slightly in a half-smile, relax your lips and fix the lower jaw in one position. Next, imagine that the tip of the tongue is a paint brush, and the sky is the ceiling that needs to be painted. In order to do this, you need to stroke the palate with your tongue from the larynx to the teeth and in the opposite direction, not allowing the tongue to go beyond the mouth.
The above exercises for producing the sounds w and z should be performed regularly. At the same time, parental control over exactly how the baby performs the exercise is very important - it is important to control the correct fixation of the jaw, the position of the lips and the movements of the tongue.
In order to speak the sound sh without problems, you need not only articulation, but also automation.
Automation
For correct pronunciation For complex sounds, staging and sound automation are equally important. If the production of the sound w has already been carried out using speech therapy exercises, you can proceed to fixing the sound, that is, to automation.
Automation of the sound w is carried out by practicing the sound itself, syllables with this sound, and then words, sentences and texts. The production of hissing sounds receives particular benefit from working with pure sayings, rhymes, proverbs, etc.
- The letter w in syllables and words.
Naughty, Chess, Scarf; RUSH, CHOCOLATE, SHORTS, SILK, WHISPER, WALK; JOKE, NOISE, FUR COAT; Latitude, Bump, Sewing; SIX, SHELEST, SIX, etc.
- The letter z in syllables and words.
HEAT, PITY, TOAD; ZHOR, ZHongler, JOKEY; ACORN, YELLOW, Perch; Crane, Beetle, Horror; ANIMAL, LIFE, ANIMAL; IRON, WIFE, JAUNDICE, etc.
- Automation of the sound sh with reading phrases.
MASHA feeds the baby.
In summer it is good to walk down the street.
PASHA and DASHA gave porridge to the baby.
GLASHA wrote a poem about OUR BABY.
Our songs about a bowl of porridge are good.
Speak in a Whisper: the haircuts are still sleeping near the swift.
I'm lying on the couch by the window.
Misha, give me a donut and tell me a fairy tale.
OUR NATASHA is more beautiful than all the girls.
- Nursery rhymes will also help you pronounce the sh sound correctly.
A miner walked out of the mine
With a wicker basket,
And in the basket there is a ball of wool.
Our Dasha's miner found a puppy.
Dasha dances and jumps on the spot:
“How good! I have a friend!
I'll bake him a pie
I’ll sit down to sew him a fur coat and a hat -
My black puppy will be happy."
Correct operation of the articulatory apparatus and careful consolidation of the studied sounds are the only correct methods of sound production.
So that the child understands how to pronounce correctly complex sounds, it is necessary not only to perform special exercises, but also monitor the correctness of your own speech.
If you regularly work with your child on making sounds, you will soon be able to forget about the problem of how to teach your child to say the letter w.
In children preschool age Various speech disorders are often observed. The most common among them violation of pronunciation of sounds, which cannot be considered a harmless defect, because it can lead to negative consequences for the development of the child: difficulties in learning to read and write (dyslexia and dysgraphia), and subsequently to a decrease in performance in the Russian language.
Speech must be understandable to others, and if a child pronounces individual speech sounds incorrectly, difficulties may arise in communicating with peers and adults. Such a child is often imitated, so he remains silent and feels self-doubt, which creates additional psychological problems.
Adults must be directly involved in the process of forming children's speech, and the sooner they take necessary measures for improvement speech development child, the more complete his overall development will be.
A reasonable family always tries to influence the formation of children's speech, starting from the very beginning. early years life.
The first step in preventing such problems is contacting a speech therapist who will correct the child’s speech deficiencies. But many parents don’t seem to care about the absence of sounds [w], [z] in their child’s speech at the age of five. They believe that the child will “speak out”; it happens that the parents are very busy or are experiencing financial difficulties (after all, speech therapy assistance is not cheap).
The task of a speech therapist is to help parents develop the correct pronunciation of sounds, tell them at what age and where to start working on correcting incorrect pronunciation, why and in what sequence, but provided that your child does not have deviations in the structure of the speech organs ( malocclusion, short frenulum of the tongue, missing front teeth, high hard palate).
Of course, the absence of sounds [ш], [ж] in speech is difficult not to notice. They appear later than whistling sounds ([s], [z]). Is it possible to speed up their formation and how to avoid defective pronunciation of sounds? Let's try to give the most general answers to these questions.
Hissing sounds are difficult to produce and automate at home. Parents will need a lot of patience. Sometimes it will seem that all your efforts are in vain, and you will not succeed. The main thing is to methodically continue the work you started. But don't overload your child! It is enough to practice twice a day for 10 minutes. Classes must be conducted in the form of a game - a competition. It will take about a month, maybe more, to place and automate these sounds in forward and backward syllables.
What are the types of problems with the pronunciation of hissing sounds?
What are “sigmatism” and “parasigmatism”?
The lack of pronunciation of all hissing words (sh, zh, h, sch) is called sigmatism.
Replacing a sound with other sounds (S, T) is called parasigmatism
Variants of incorrect pronunciation of the sounds sh, zh.
The following types of sigmatism are distinguished:
- Interdental - lateral sigmatism- the tip of the tongue falls between the front teeth, and one edge comes off from the molars and therefore the entire tongue turns to one side.
- Lateral sigmatism- both edges of the tongue (or one) are torn away from the molars, which creates a gap between the edge of the tongue and the molars. The air rushes into the resulting gap, the tip of the tongue rests on the palate, producing a squelching sound.
Lip-dental sigmatism - the lips are pulled forward, the upper incisors are pressed against the lower lip, forming a gap with it, where air rushes. A sound is heard close to F. (B when pronouncing the sound Zh.)
Buccal sigmatism - the tongue lies passively on the floor of the mouth, air inflates both cheeks.
Softened sound [sh] - obtained with lower articulation or if the tip of the tongue is close to the front teeth.
Nasal sigmatism (nasality) - the soft palate drops and air enters the nasal cavity.
1. Preparation of the articulatory apparatus.
Articulation gymnastics.
In order for a child to pronounce hissing sounds correctly, it is necessary to prepare a solid base for their appearance. How to do it? You should start working with articulation exercises - exercises for the tongue and lips. During games, the child must learn to raise his wide tongue to the alveoli and hold it in this position. Articulation is considered mastered if it is performed accurately and does not require visual control.
Before you start teaching your child, you need to know the following rules:
- Perform exercises in front of a mirror, while counting, kept by an adult.
- You cannot force a child to study. This needs to be done in the form of a game that is interesting for the child.
- Each exercise is performed at least five times.
- Avoid mentioning the sound you are working on.
Here basic articulation exercises to successfully produce hissing sounds:
1. “Let’s punish the naughty tongue” - tongue on the lower lip and, spanking it with your lips, say: “Pa-pa-pa.”
2. "Shovel"- open your mouth slightly and place your wide tongue on your lower lip so that it touches the corners of your mouth. Hold in this position for a count of 10. The tongue is motionless and calm.
3. "Hide and Seek"- open your mouth wide and close it with the wide tip of your tongue upper lip.
4. "Long tongue"- open your mouth wide and try to reach the tip of your nose with the tip of your tongue.
5. “Swing” - open your mouth slightly, smile broadly. At the count of “one-two”, the tip of the tongue touches first the upper and then the lower lip.
6. " Delicious jam» - mouth open, lick the upper lip with a wide tongue and move the tongue deep into the mouth.
7. "Cup"- open your mouth wide, place your wide tongue on your lower lip, bend the edges of your tongue into a “cup” and slowly lift it by your upper teeth.
By doing these exercises (2 weeks), the child will learn to manage his articulatory organs, will thoroughly prepare the tongue muscles for pronouncing hissing sounds. For these sounds, the mobility of the articulatory apparatus is very important. Therefore, try by all means to move your lips, tongue, and lower jaw!
Pronunciation of sounds with the correct option.
When pronouncing the sound [sh], the lips are extended forward and rounded. The distance between the teeth is 4-5 mm. The tip of the tongue is raised towards the beginning of the hard palate or alveoli, and has a “bucket” shape. The lateral edges of the tongue are pressed against the upper molars; The velum palatine is raised and closes the passage to the nose. The vocal folds are open; a strong exhalation stream of air passes through two slits: between the back of the tongue and soft palate, as well as between the tip of the tongue and the hard palate. This produces a complex noise, lower than when pronouncing whistling sounds, reminiscent of hissing.
When a voiced [zh] is formed, the articulation is the same, but a voice is added. The exhaled stream of air is somewhat weaker and the gap between the tip of the tongue and the hard palate is smaller than during the formation of [w].
Sound production techniques[w] And[and] .
First the sound [w] is placed, and then [zh] is placed on its base. .
1. By imitation: Show your child the correct articulation of the sound [sh].
The child opens his mouth, makes a “cup” out of his tongue and leans its edge against the upper incisors. Say that there is hot tea in the “cup”, so you need to blow. The exhalation can be felt on the palm of your hand placed to your mouth.
Now the “cup” needs to be “brought” into the mouth: the “edge of the cup” should slide along the inside upper incisors, then along the palate to the alveoli. The whistling sound will first turn into S, then into Sh. When you hear Sh, tell your child that this is how a snake hisses.
The child performs all actions according to your silent demonstration.
2. Staging from sound [s]
Pronounce a long sound (s-s) or the syllable SA, at this moment lift the tip of the child’s tongue using a spatula or finger by the upper teeth, onto the alveoli. The sound Ш or ША is heard. Draw the child’s attention to the upper position of the tip of the tongue, offer to listen to what happened: “Pronounced SA. What happened?"
3. Setting from sound [r]- you need to slow down the vibration of the tip of the tongue with mechanical help (a spatula) or the word “stop!”, suggest holding articulation and remember the place behind the upper incisors. At “this place” say SA and listen to what happened. When spoken in a whisper ra can be heard sha, and when loud - Ms.
4. In exceptional cases, you can place the lower sound [w] by moving the tip of the tongue back with a spatula, at the moment of pronouncing the sound S - s-s.
The sound [F] is usually placed from the sound [w] by turning on the voice when pronouncing it, but it can also be placed from the sound [Z] , like [w]from [S]
The delivered sound is fixed in syllables, words and is automated in individual phrases, sentences, texts.
Automation (fixation) of sound [w]
1. First in direct syllables: SHA - SHI - SHE - SHO - SHU
In words: SHA - hat, puck, mine, step, chess, yours, ours.
SHI-tire, car, mice, ears, kids, breathe, write.
SHO- seam, fluff, bag, mouse, big, cockerel.
SHU - jester, noise, fur coat, bear, wearing, writing, joking.
SHE - neck, pole, six, target, collar, wool.
Seamstress, wardrobe, school, helmet, hat, sleepers, thing, bayonet.
Fix in clear words:
SHA - SHA - SHA - our porridge is good
SHI-SHI-SHI-mice run into the reeds
SHU - SHU - SHU - I wear a fur coat
IN With tongue twisters:
The baby has a bump on her forehead.
Lusha washed her neck and ears in the shower.
In nursery rhymes:
Our Mana is small,
She's wearing a scarlet fur coat,
Beaver edge
Masha is black-browed.
2. Then in reverse syllables:
ASH - ISH -YSH - OSH - USH
In words: AS - tower, cup, bug, pencil.
IS - cherry, silent, noisy, buzzing.
YSH - tower, mouse, donut, reed.
OSH - cat, midge, window, palm.
USh - shower, ears, front sight, gun, pillow.
In plain language:
ASH - ASH -ASH - hut
OSH - OSH - OSH - penny
YSH - YSH - YSH - baby
In nursery rhymes:
The mouse walked through the field
The mouse found a penny
The mouse bought an awl
The mouse hemmed the felt boots.
In tongue twisters:
Timoshka Timoshka
Crumbles crumbs into the okroshka.
Puffy Mishka puffs like a plump one.
You can compose pure sayings together with your child. After working with them, take phrases, then - offers, and finally texts. The texts of simple rhymes with the sounds [w], [zh] can be found in any children's books.
In conclusion, I would like to give one more piece of advice. The entire process of working on difficult sounds [ш], [ж] must still be coordinated with a speech therapist.
We teach a child to pronounce problematic sounds l, r, sh, zh, k without a speech therapist. Making the sound “r” in 15 seconds. Free classes and rules for organizing them at home with your mother. Speech therapy gymnastics.
Clear, beautiful and varied speech of a child is the natural desire of any mother. Do not panic if by the age of 3.5 years the baby does not yet speak all the letters. But problems with the pronunciation of sounds in the age range of 4-5 years are a reason to think about the presence of defects.
Incorrect pronunciation of the letter “l” is the most common problem in children’s speech. Very often, kids try to replace a hard sound with a soft one, or insert the sound “v” into a word. Less commonly observed is the replacement of the hard sound “l” with “th”, as well as its omission.
This process can be caused by a number of reasons:
- Imitating incorrect speech from adults around you
- Problems with the speech apparatus
- Congenital or acquired hearing defects
- Psychologically difficult atmosphere in the family
Remember! Each preschooler has an individual pace of development and assimilation of information. In most cases, boys are somewhat behind girls.
Is it so difficult to teach a child to pronounce sounds on his own?
Organize your home speech therapy classes Establishing the correct pronunciation yourself is quite simple. The most important condition that must be adhered to is to conduct them in the form of a game. The baby should be interested. Under no circumstances should pressure be put on him, otherwise interest in the lessons will simply disappear.Children need to be given information in doses. It’s better to start with 4-5 sessions a week for 10-15 minutes, gradually increasing the frequency and number of exercises.
How to teach a child to pronounce sounds in front of a mirror? The baby must see what is happening with his mouth, how his lips behave and at the same time watch his mother. It is recommended to arrange a fairly comfortable place and hang a mirror so that the son or daughter can see his reflection unobstructed while sitting.
Important! It is imperative to praise your child for every success, even minor ones!Any lesson on orthoepy (correct literary pronunciation) should begin with warming up the speech apparatus, i.e. articulatory gymnastics.
The simplest and most effective of them:
- "smile". We ask the baby to smile as wide as possible, but there is no need to show his teeth. Hold your lips in this position for a count of 5.
- "tube". The baby stretches his lips forward with a tube and holds them in this position for a count of 5.
- "fence". The child smiles and shows the upper and lower row of teeth. Duration - on the count of 5
- "hippopotamus" Open your mouth wide, as when yawning, and hold it for up to 5 seconds.
- "snake". Stick out and hide the sharp tongue between tightly compressed lips. Repeat 5-7 times
- "scapula". Place a wide, maximally relaxed tongue on the lower lip and hold for up to 3 seconds. Two repetitions in a row
- "watch". Stick out the tongue and move it left and right for 3 seconds
- "swing". The mouth is wide open, the tongue moves up and down. Exercise duration - 3-5 seconds
- “Brushing our teeth.” The mouth is open wide and we run the tongue along the inner surface of the upper and then lower teeth, from left to right and vice versa
K - horse. Pronouncing the letter “k” with your child
Kappacism - this is the name given to a violation of the pronunciation of the sounds “k”, “k´”. This is a back-lingual group of sounds. When played, it involves a high rise of the root of the tongue. The “fun wrestler” exercise will help train him. The child opens his mouth and tries to push out the adult’s index finger with the tip of his tongue, while simultaneously saying ta-ta-ta. The more resistance the tongue experiences, the faster it will become a mound at the base. This will automatically lead to the transformation of “t” into “k”. Of course, an adult’s hands must first be washed and treated with alcohol. The exercise should be performed gradually, starting with pressure low strength, to avoid the gag reflex.
L – lama. Teaching a child to pronounce the letter “l”
Correct pronunciation of the sound “l” is one of the simplest speech therapy tasks. The place where this sound is registered is on the tip of the tongue in the position “behind the upper teeth.”In order to place it, you need to place your tongue between your front teeth and squeeze it lightly. Next, pronounce a drawn-out “y-y-y” with a sharp jerk of the tongue back. To consolidate the effect, you need to try to combine the resulting sound “l” with the vowels “a”, “o”, “e”, etc. That's all!
Sh – scarf. Teaching a child to pronounce the letter “sh”
Opening the sound “sh” at home occurs through strengthening the muscles of the lips. Not every preschooler can do this at first. First, you need to perform the “pipe” and “smile” exercises from the warm-up complex with the baby. You need to start with a tempo of three, gradually increasing the speed of alternately changing the position of the lips. You can connect other ways to train your labial muscles.
The next stage is establishing the correct position of the tongue at the upper palate. To do this, you can invite your child to imitate the sound of a horse's hooves. Next - show how the wind blows on a dandelion. It is recommended to perform all positions from the complex sequentially, for 3-5 seconds each.
Consolidation of pronunciation occurs through fixation of a flat, relaxed tongue at the palate and its simultaneous reproduction.
Sometimes the method of physical influence, which experienced speech therapists like to use, helps. A simple wooden stick is used to help the child hold his tongue against the roof of his mouth. At the same time, he is asked to forcefully blow air out of his mouth. The sound "sh" is produced automatically.
F – giraffe. We teach a child to pronounce the voiced letter “zh”
The mechanism for revealing the sound “zh” in a child follows approximately the same principle as “sh”, but loudly. The correct position of the speech apparatus in this case: a relaxed tongue stands at the top like a ladle, teeth in a fence position, lips forward, larynx tense. We are trying to achieve the desired sound.R – frame. Difficult mission, but real! We teach you how to pronounce the letter “r” correctly
As a rule, speech therapists place this sound last, because it is quite difficult to pronounce. the main task- rid the child of the habit of reproducing the letter with his throat in order to avoid the “burring” effect.In a playful way, the baby is asked to stick his tongue to the roof of his mouth and ask him to forcefully exhale air onto its tip for 10 seconds. Children are happy to repeat this exercise, because it tickles their mouth so funny. To reinforce the skill of correctly pronouncing the letter r, you can ask your baby to roar like a lion. If you repeat this game often enough, after a while you can forget about the problem of burr forever.
The best exercises for children - pronouncing letters together: video
Has it happened that your child cannot pronounce letters? The video will clearly help with this.
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Setting consonant sounds and letters:
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Difficult consonants: b;p | w;w | z;s | g;k | s;ts | v;f | r;l | p;l | r;p;l | z;s;c | h;f;sh;sch;ts;x |
It is better to study often and in short portions than to arrange long lessons, but with long breaks. It is best if the classes take place simultaneously. For example, you go to kindergarten and learn to say a certain word. Or learn a song. Thanks to the site (), the child will learn to overcome speech disorders and build confidence in their abilities. In this section of the site, you will find classes on speech development intended for classes with children from 1 to 7 years old. In individual lessons with a speech therapist, work is carried out on the production of sounds and the development of phonemic perception.
Setting the sound Ш
Goal: teach the child to pronounce a standardized sound w.
Equipment: diagram of the structure of the articulatory apparatus during sound pronunciation w; probe, spatula; pictures-symbols, subject pictures.
Staging the sound w in various ways.
1. By imitation:
The child is offered a sample of sound pronunciation in combination with play images (the wind makes noise, a snake hisses, air comes out of a burst balloon, etc.); At the same time, visual control of correct articulation and tactile (tactile) sensations are used.
2. From the articulatory structure:
The child is asked to reproduce the articulatory pattern of sound, apply the correct air stream, and determine the presence/absence of a voice; the result should be a normalized sound.
3. From reference sound:
The child is asked to open his mouth slightly, pronounce the sound t with aspiration at a slow pace 4-6 times, hitting the tubercles (alvioles) behind the upper teeth with the tip of his tongue; We gradually teach the child to smoothly lengthen the exhaled stream and not to hit the tubercles with the tip of the tongue, but only to raise the wide tip of the tongue towards them.
4. From reference sound with mechanical assistance:
The child is asked to pronounce the sound for a long time (the front teeth are always visible) with a spatula, carefully lift the wide tongue by the upper teeth and slightly move it back - towards the alveoli (the edges of the spatula are approximately at the level of the fourth incisors); then they achieve this skill from a speech pathologist without mechanical assistance;
We invite the child to open his mouth slightly, for a long time, without a voice, the child pronounces the sound r and with the tip of a spatula brought to the hyoid frenulum, the speech therapist stops the vibration of the front part of the tongue - we hear a hissing; after several repetitions, you can cause a hiss by barely bringing the spatula to the hyoid frenulum; then remove it and, bringing the teeth closer together, achieve the correct sound of w.
Techniques for producing the sound of Sh.
· First you need to learn how to make a “cup” with your wide tongue. Then suggest an exercise: carefully bring a “cup” of tea. To do this, we move the wide tongue behind the upper teeth; here you need to be careful so that the wide edges of the tongue are pressed against the molars from above, without allowing air to pass through the edges. The tip of the tongue, on the contrary, forms a small gap between the palate. Ask your baby to exhale warm air with some effort. Remember that when practicing this letter the neck is “silent”. If the baby did everything correctly, you will receive the sound Sh.
· The baby's tongue should be at the top, but not rest against the teeth. Let the teeth open a little, the lips are accordingly slightly open, they need to be tensed. The baby exhales forcefully and pronounces the sound T soft, as if imitating the movements of a steam locomotive. You can try repeating as you exhale: at-at-at.
Correction of the sound /Ш/ based on the sound /Р/.
The child pronounces the sound /P/ without a voice or in a whisper, gradually reducing the force of exhalation until the vibration stops and a faint hiss appears. With repeated exercises, the sound /Ш/ is obtained without the previous pronunciation of the sound /Р/. Hissing can be obtained by touching the lower surface of the tongue with a spatula, slowing down the vibration of the tongue.
Correction of the sound /Ш/ from the syllable “ksh”.
We invite the child to open his mouth slightly. The speech therapist inserts a spatula horizontally into the child's mouth and asks to place a wide tongue on the spatula. It is suggested to pronounce the syllable “ksh”. The spatula can be replaced with the child's clean index finger. If the sound /Ш/ comes out clearly, carefully remove the spatula (finger), continuing to pronounce “ksh”, then “sh”.
Correction of violations of the pronunciation of the sound / Ш/
Set of exercises: “Spatula”, “Delicious jam”, “Cup”, “Mushroom”, “Let’s warm our hands”, “Brushing our teeth”.
Production of the sound /Ш/ by imitation.
The child raises his tongue into the cup. At the same time, the lips are extended forward, the mouth is slightly open. The speech therapist suggests blowing on the tongue. The sound is /Sh/. If this method doesn’t help, we resort to mechanical production of the sound /Ш/.
Setting the sound /Ш/ from the sound /С/.
The child pronounces the syllable “sa” several times, and while pronouncing it, gradually (smoothly) raises the tip of the tongue towards the alveoli. The syllable “sa” is obtained with the tongue in the upper position. We ask the child to listen to what sound is produced. If necessary, the speech therapist, using a probe (spatula), holds the tip of the tongue in the upper position and adjusts the degree of its elevation until the normal-sounding syllable “sha” appears.
Correction of the buccal pronunciation of the sound /Ш/.
I believe that this is one of the most difficult defects, requiring long-term preparation of the tongue (massage in the mouth, physical therapy and a set of exercises). Only when the lateral edges of the tongue stop sagging can you begin to make the sound /Ш/. The child is asked to perform a “cup” while simultaneously supporting the side edges with a large and index fingers. Next, we invite the child to blow on the tongue, pronouncing the sound /Ш/.
