home » Spring shoes » Black yellow white imperial flag. Black-yellow-white flag - whose is it? Description of the imperial flag: what its colors mean

Black yellow white imperial flag. Black-yellow-white flag - whose is it? Description of the imperial flag: what its colors mean

If you remember, it consists of a top black stripe, a middle yellow stripe, and a bottom white stripe. It was in this form that it was adopted in 1858. But this has always seemed illogical to me - I’ll explain why a little later. No, not the colors themselves, but their arrangement. However, first things first...

There is a lot of debate about the correct placement of the colors on the flag. Russian Empire. Which is correct: black-yellow-white or white-yellow-black? Unfortunately, there is a sea of publications on this topic, mostly of an educational nature, where there is no justified explanation of how colors should be positioned correctly. There is only a reference to the highest approved decree No. 33289 of June 11, 1858 “On the arrangement of the coat of arms of the Empire on banners, flags and other objects used for decoration on special occasions.” But the circumstances under which the decree was adopted, the current state situation and who was the author of this document are not indicated.

So until 1858 the flag was different. The order of the colors in it was as follows: starting with the top stripe - white, then yellow and black at the bottom. It existed in this form until its official adoption. Along with it, there was a white-blue-red one... But the white-yellow-black flag before Alexander II, and after that the black-yellow-white flag was perceived by society as an imperial, government flag, in contrast to the white-blue-red flag of the Russian merchant fleet. The imperial flag was associated in the minds of the people with ideas about the greatness and power of the state. This is understandable, what could be majestic in the trade flag, in its very colors, which were artificially tied to Russian culture by Peter I? Of course, one cannot deny all the merits of the Great Emperor, but here he clearly went too far (he simply copied the colors of the Dutch flag).

Coexistence of two flags until the 70s. XIX century was not so noticeable, but the question of the “duality” of the most important state Russian symbol is gradually beginning to arise. This duality is perceived differently by the Russian public. Ardent defenders of the Russian autocracy believed that there could be no talk of any flag other than the imperial one, legalized by the emperor: the people and the government must be united. The opposition to the tsarist regime stood under trade white-blue-red flags, which became a symbol of anti-government political movements those years. It was these colors that were defended by the so-called. “liberal” circles who shouted to the whole world that they were fighting the despotism and reactionary nature of the tsarist government, but, in fact, they were fighting against the greatness and prosperity of their own country.

During this heated controversy, Alexander II died at the hands of revolutionaries. His son and successor, Alexander III On April 28, 1883, he gave the white-blue-red flag the status of a state flag, but without CANCELING the imperial one. Russia now has two official state flags, which further complicates the situation. And already on April 29, 1896, Emperor Nicholas II ordered that white-blue-red be considered the National and State flag, also indicating that “other flags should not be allowed.”

Black-yellow-white remained only with the imperial family. The emperor was “persuaded” because supposedly all Slavic peoples were assigned these colors - and this emphasizes their “unity”. And explaining this by the fact that the black-yellow-white flag “does not have heraldic historical foundations in Russia” to be considered a cloth bearing Russian national colors. This begs the question, what historical basis does the trade flag have?

But let's return to the white-yellow-black banner. That is, then, before adoption, the white-yellow-black flag was simply turned over.

The “coup” can also be traced to its author – Bernhard Karl Köhne (he will be discussed at the end of the article in order to fully understand what kind of person got involved in “correcting” Russian heraldry). Upon his accession to the throne, Alexander II decided, among other things, to put in order state symbols– and bring it under pan-European heraldic standards.

This was to be done by Baron Bernhard Karl Köhne, who was appointed head of the stamp department in 1857. He (Köhne) was born into the family of a secret state archivist, a Berlin Jew, a heretic who converted to the Reformed religion. He came to Russia under the patronage. In heraldic historiography he earned a sharp negative assessment, despite his vigorous activity.

But be that as it may, the flag was accepted and in this form it existed until 1910, when monarchists raised the question of the “correctness” of the flag, since the 300th anniversary of the House of Romanov was approaching.

For some reason and why - it is not clear, but they made a compromise - the result was a symbiosis of two competing flags: an eclectic white-blue-red flag had a yellow square with a black double-headed eagle in the upper corner. We fought a little with this in that world war. Further, the history of the imperial flag ends for a well-known reason.

In heraldry, an inverted flag means mourning, Köhne knew this very well, heading the heraldic department of the Empire. The death of the Russian emperors confirmed this. In maritime practice, an inverted flag means that the ship is in distress.

It is clear that colors are still confused and flags are hung upside down, consciously and unconsciously, but for this to happen at the state level and with many years of struggle, we need special efforts special people.

The existence of the white-yellow-black flag is confirmed by newsreels, but they are treated differently due to the black and white film. Proponents of the black-yellow-white flag explain that on the set of the white-blue-red flag, without being embarrassed by the simple experience of comparing colors, when converting colored flags to black and white using any known graphic editor. Given this experience, the similarity of the white-yellow-black flag to newsreel footage is greater than the white-blue-red one.

Also, the tricolor in the white-yellow-black arrangement can be seen in artists’ paintings.

V. M. Vasnetsov “News of the capture of Kars” 1878

In Vasnetsov’s painting dedicated to the Russian-Turkish war, a white-yellow-black flag is installed. Interesting fact: the painting dates back to 1878, that is, it was painted 20 years after the release of statement No. 33289 “on the arrangement of coat of arms flowers,” in which they were changed in reverse. It turns out that the people still used uninverted white-yellow-black flags.

[In the center, there is an assumption that this is the flag (blue-yellow-red) of the United Principality of Wallachia and Moldavia, an ally of the Russian Empire in the Russian-Turkish War (1877–1878). There is also an opinion that this is a Pan-Slavic (common Slavic) flag (if the flag wears blue-white-red colors. It is difficult to judge the color from the reproduction middle zone). Slavic peoples in 1848, at the Pan-Slavic Congress in Prague, a common Pan-Slavic flag was adopted, repeating the colors of the Russian (white-blue-red) flag.]

And here is Rozanov’s painting “Fair on Arbat Square”. White, yellow and black flags can be seen waving on the roofs of buildings. And along with them are white, blue and red. The picture was painted just during the coexistence of the two flags.

Painting by A.P. Rozanov “Fair on Arbat Square” 1877

No matter how they explain the location of the black stripe at the top: this is the incomprehensibility of God (what if God is light?), and the greatness of the Empire, and the color of Spirituality (referring to the monastic robe).

Also interpreted as: black – monasticism, yellow – gold of icons, white – purity of the soul. But all this is from the category folk interpretations. Who will come up with something.

It is difficult to guess for yourself the meaning of the colors in this arrangement (black-yellow-white). A logical explanation just doesn't come to mind. But for us, someone “kind” does this himself and slips in his own interpretation, so that no one has even a shadow of doubt about the “correctness” of the arrangement of colors. And if anyone thinks otherwise, they rebuke him: how dare he doubt? The principle “everyone thinks so” or “this is how it is accepted” is in full effect here. They are not looking for the truth, but public opinion, which, alas, almost never has anything to do with the truth.

But the most important thing is missed main point, that the colors of the imperial flag should be identical to the words that express our entire Slavic essence: Orthodoxy, Autocracy, Nationality. Or, to put it another way: Church, Tsar, Kingdom. What color goes with each of these words? I think the answer is obvious.

Also, along with the flag, the state emblem also underwent changes in 1858. Koehne created it the way we are used to seeing it. Although under Nicholas I it was different.

Coat of arms of Köhne, 1858

For example, the Coat of Arms depicted on coins. Here are the Nikolaev coins, 1858.

But here is a coin from 1859 of Alexander II (the reign of Alexander II, whose years were called the “era of great reforms”, for Russian Jews, as for the country as a whole, was a sharp contrast to the previous one. Reforms in the economy, relative political freedoms, rapid development of industry - all this, like a century earlier in Prussia, created the conditions for Jewish assimilation, which never happened). Here you can clearly see how accurately the eagle was “licked” from the Habsburg coat of arms. A particularly striking detail is the eagle’s tail. And all this in one year with the change of the flag. Magendovids (six-pointed stars) also appeared on coins. Since the Masons are great symbolists, they just wanted to add at least a drop of tar to our heraldry.

A few more coins for comparison:

Back in 1959, a commemorative coin and medal “Monument of Emperor Nicholas I on Horseback” was issued. Magendavids are now so small that they can only be seen under a magnifying glass.

The copper coins were updated, the design changed radically, the stars there are “Soviet” - pentacles.

The image below shows the similarity of the coat of arms that Koehne “composed” with the coat of arms of the Habsburgs.

Habsburg coat of arms

For comparison:

1. The crown acquired a ribbon (although, in my opinion, it looks more like a snake); before this, this ribbon had never been used in Russian heraldry.

2. The wings have fallen off, previously all the eagles had fluffy wings, but now they are absolutely copied from the Habsburgs, even in design, between the large feathers and there are small feathers here and there. The only thing is that our eagle has 6 feathers, versus 7.

3. The combination of a coat of arms and a chain, although this arrangement was used previously, on all previous coins the Order of the Holy Apostle Andrew the First-Called was clearly visible, now it is just a chain, like the Habsburgs themselves.

4. Main Tail. This is clear without comment.

Bernhard Karl (in Russia Boris Vasilyevich) Köhne (4/16.7.1817, Berlin - 5.2.1886, Würzburg, Bavaria) was born into the family of a secret state archivist, a Berlin Jew who converted to the Reformed religion (Köhne himself and his son remained Protestants, despite the fact that they connected their lives with Russia, and the grandson was already Orthodox).

He became interested in numismatics early on and published his first work in this field (“Coinage of the City of Berlin”) at the age of 20, while still a student at a Berlin gymnasium.

He also became one of the active figures, and then the secretary of the Berlin Numismatic Society, and in 1841–1846. supervised the publication of a journal on numismatics, sphragistics and heraldry.

Köhne met Russia in absentia back in the early 1840s. The famous numismatist Yakov Yakovlevich Reichel, who served in the Expedition for the procurement of state papers, the owner of one of the largest numismatic collections, drew attention to young man, who soon became his assistant in collecting and “representative” in German numismatic circles. After completing his university course, Koehne came to St. Petersburg for the first time.

He returned to Berlin with a firm desire to enter the Russian service and applied for the then vacant chair of archeology at the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences (which never happened). As a result of Reichel’s patronage, on March 27, 1845, Koehne was appointed assistant to the head of the First Department of the Imperial Hermitage (the First Department included collections of antiquities and coins, it was headed by the major numismatist Florian Antonovich Gilles) with the rank of collegiate assessor [by the end of his life, Koehne had risen to the rank of Privy Councilor (1876 )].

In St. Petersburg, Koehne developed a vigorous activity.

The persistent desire to get into the Academy of Sciences, moreover, in the archaeological “direction”, stimulated not only his active study of archeology, but also his no less active organizational work. In an effort to gain the necessary weight in scientific circles, Koehne initiated the creation of a special numismatic society in Russia, but since archeology inevitably attracted him, he combined these two sciences under one “administrative” name - this is how the Archaeological-Numismatic Society appeared in St. Petersburg (later the Russian Archaeological Society ).

Köhne sought to promote himself and society on a European scale. It contained all the correspondence with foreign scientists. And foreign scientific societies invariably accepted him as their members, so that by the end of his life he was a member of 30 foreign societies and academies (he never got into the St. Petersburg one). By the way, the orientation towards the West led to the fact that Koehne tried not to allow reports in Russian at meetings (only in French and German), and only after the ethnographer and archaeologist Ivan Petrovich Sakharov (1807–1863) joined the society, the Russian language was restored to his rights.

The second half of the 1850s was Koehne’s triumph in Heraldry, when in 1856 he created the Great State Emblem of the Empire, and in June 1857 he became the manager of the Armal Department at the department (with the retention of the Hermitage). Heading the whole practical work in the field of Russian heraldry, Koehne over the next years began a large-scale heraldic reform, trying to unify and give consistency to the body of Russian family and territorial coats of arms by bringing them into line with the rules of European heraldry (for example, turning the figures to the right heraldic side; replacing some that seemed to Koehne not suitable for heraldry, figures on others, etc.) and the introduction of new principles and elements (placement of the provincial coat of arms in the free part of the city, a system of emblems of the external part of territorial and city coats of arms, reflecting their status, etc.).

Köhne’s career in the Russian Archaeological Society ended with the arrival of the new august leader, Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolaevich. He did not approve the election of Koehne as secretary of the third department of the society (the only case in the entire history of the society), as a result of which at the beginning of 1853 Koehne left its ranks. Konstantin Nikolaevich, apparently, generally had a persistent dislike for Koena. In particular, he disapproved of the draft state emblem of 1856–1857.

On October 15, 1862, Köhne was allowed to accept the baronial title, granted on May 12/24 of the same year by the ruler (during the minority of Prince Henry XXII) of the Principality of Reuss-Greiz, Caroline Amalie. In the literature one can find a statement that Koehne owes this title to the state emblem of the Russian Empire he created, but this data needs confirmation. Most likely, the enterprising numismatist simply bought the rights to this title and thus became, probably, the only Baron “Reuss-Greizsky” in Russia.

Main conclusions

The handwriting of Freemasonry is clearly visible in Russian heraldry, just as the authorship of these “creations” is well known. There is a successful sabotage against the Russian Empire, committed by Jews against the monarchy and the Russian people.

Russia is Orthodox country, regardless of how many churchgoers and true believers there are currently in it. Orthodoxy is the foundation on which Rus' was built and stands to this day. This means that there cannot be anything in its symbolism that contradicts Orthodox spirituality.

Based on this statement, then imperial flag Russia should be white-yellow-black, and not vice versa. And that's why:

White color is God. White color symbolizes the Divine uncreated (uncreated) light.

On the great holidays of the Nativity of Christ, Epiphany, Ascension, Transfiguration, Annunciation, they serve in white vestments. White vestments are worn during baptisms and burials. The holiday of Easter (the Resurrection of Christ) begins in white vestments as a sign of the Light that shone from the Tomb of the risen Savior, although the main Easter color is red and gold. In icon painting White color means radiance eternal life and cleanliness.

Yellow (golden) – King. These are the colors of glory, royal and episcopal greatness and dignity.

They wear vestments of this color on Sundays - the days of remembrance of the Lord, the King of Glory. In golden (yellow) colored vestments, the days of God’s special anointed ones are celebrated: prophets, apostles and saints. In icon painting, gold symbolizes Divine light.

Blacks are the people of God (see below about the Black Hundreds).

This color also symbolizes crying and repentance. Accepted during the days of Great Lent, it symbolizes renunciation of worldly vanity.

For Vera! (God - Orthodoxy) - White color. King! (Autocracy) – Yellow color. Fatherland! (Russian Land, People) – Black color.

Brothers and sisters, what do you think should be the colors on the imperial flag of Russia? From top to bottom, white-yellow-black, i.e. GOD-KING-PEOPLE or vice versa, black-yellow-white, i.e. PEOPLE-KING-GOD?

The last option is the symbol of liberals, when an insane crowd of people, eager to live according to their passions, rises above the Tsar and God. In our opinion, the black-yellow-white flag is a symbol of the revolution, which took place in Russia several decades after the adoption of this flag.

In addition, we all remember from the Holy Gospel that the Magi offered the birth of our Lord Jesus Christ: “and entering the house, they saw the Child with Mary His Mother, and, falling down, they worshiped Him; and, opening their treasures, they brought Him gifts : gold, frankincense and myrrh! (Matt. 2:11)

Incense, like God, is white. Gold, like the King - yellow. Smyrna, as a person, is black.

We will not blame our faithful Kings for this, since no one is guilty of our betrayal of God and the King, which is still happening today. These external signs are only a reflection of the spiritual state of the people.

It can be firmly stated that the Holy Great Tsar-Redeemer Nicholas II and Tsarevich Alexei understood the problem national flag Russian Empire and intended to bring its colors to their original form, i.e. white-yellow-black. This is confirmed by the fact that the banner of the Livadia-Yalta amusing (intended for war games) company named after Tsarevich Alexei consisted of white, yellow and black stripes.

This banner belonged to the Tsarevich's regiment. Therefore, there is no doubt that during his supposed future reign it was planned to use exactly this arrangement of colors on the imperial banner...

In addition, for the 300th anniversary of the House of Romanov, Tsar Nicholas II approved an anniversary medal using the colors: White-Yellow-Black.

Brothers and sisters, we urge all of you not to be divided among each other based on differences in the arrangement of colors on the imperial flag. And this issue, important for all of us, will undoubtedly be resolved one of the first with the accession to the throne of the coming and promised to the Russian people of God’s Anointed - the Tsar.

Strengthen and help us, Lord! Amen.

Black Hundreds

For a long time, these names were given an extremely negative character, but the phrase “Black Hundred” has been found in Russian chronicles since the 12th century. In medieval Rus', “black people” were called “people of the earth” - “zemskiy” (citizens and villagers), in contrast to “servicemen”, whose life was inextricably linked with the institutions of the state. Thus “h. With." is an association of zemstvo people, and calling their organizations “ch. With." - ideologists of the early 20th century. thereby sought to emphasize that in a difficult time for the country, the unification of “zemstvo people” - “ch. With." - are called upon to save and protect its main foundations...

History of the name

The very name “Black Hundred” can be traced, for example, in the classic course of lectures by V. O. Klyuchevsky “Terminology of Russian History.” The phrase “Black Hundred” entered Russian chronicles starting from the 12th century (!) and played a primary role until the era of Peter the Great. “Black Hundreds” are associations of “zemstvo” people, people of the earth, in contrast to “servicemen”, whose life was inextricably linked with the institutions of the state. And by calling their organizations “Black Hundreds,” the ideologists of the early 20th century thereby sought to revive the ancient purely “democratic” order of things: in a difficult time for the country, the unification of “Zemstvo people”—the “Black Hundreds”—are called upon to save its main foundations.

The founder of the organized “Black Hundreds” V. A. Gringmut in his already mentioned “Manual of the Monarchist Black Hundreds” (1906) wrote: “The enemies of the autocracy called the “Black Hundred” the simple, black Russian people who, during the armed rebellion of 1905, stood up for their defense autocratic Tsar. Is this name honorable, “Black Hundred”? Yes, very honorable. The Nizhny Novgorod Black Hundred, gathered around Minin, saved Moscow and all of Russia from the Poles and Russian traitors.”

© Dmitry Litvin, text, 2016

© Book stall, publication, 2016

The Russian Flag is now deliberately turned upside down to lower the Country. The white-yellow-black flag suddenly became a black-yellow-white flag. For Russians, black smoke means death. For 70 years they carried the red flag of the USSR through the deserts so that everyone would forget what our flag even looks like. And the Russian cities were renamed so that no one remembers that almost all of Europe spoke Russian. And this is the flag of the All-Russian Empire. How much of the Russian spirit there will be nothing left at all and now we are no longer Russians but Russians!

White-yellow_black flag of the Russian Empire

Remember and complete the list of the names of Russian cities. And tell your children to pass it on to their grandchildren. Now the Anglo-Saxons are again leading us to War, pitting the Russians against the same Russians, and the Russians, as you know, fight to the end (Russians in Ukraine - the Outskirts of Rus', Little Russia, Belarus - White Russia and the huge and largest country in the World, even after all the separations of countries and republics withdrawn from the Russian Empire and then formed from the Russian Federation from the USSR, and now the new USSR -2 will be created from the abbreviated Russian Federation new republics will be brought out - because the British cannot defeat us in any way. And young people are united under this flag... but more and more often in an inverted form, like the whole Country.

The Anglo-Saxons urgently need to start a war with us and send the boys, who now have nowhere to work with us, to the front to die. So we are sitting on a powder keg and waiting for the worst Nuclear War- #WWIII, we may not have time to convey elementary concepts, and then children and grandchildren will remain slaves and will not strive for education, not understanding that it was the Russians who taught everyone, not knowing where the origins of the Russians are. And they will start a war against us in order to burn all the slightest evidence, in case someone sees and starts digging and understands that the Lapotniks would not have built such beauty and would definitely not be stuck as slaves, even if they had to leave. It was the Russians all over the world who built all the beauty that the Anglo-Saxons later bombed with American hands and in Dresden and Berlin before the approach of Russian troops in 1945, so that the Russians would not understand that the Germans were Eastern Slavs like themselves and the houses were in the same style and faces were similar.

White-yellow-black flag on a menu from 1883

Remember how the Anglo-Saxons set up one Great Nation, divided under different banners in 1917 into Reds and Whites? And the Russians, to the jubilation of the British, destroyed the same Russians during civil war, how now Ukrainians are killing the same Ukrainians (former Russians) in Donbass simply because they still speak Russian. And those who started this whole cunning combination apparently knew that the Rus-Russians, Etruscans are ancient warriors and fight to the end. And they hoped to kill everyone with their own hands. but it didn't work out. The descendants of the Rus remained scattered throughout the World, scattered by the Rosses of Russia. So after all, America spoke Russian. And after all the exodus of Russians from their places, quite a bit of Russian blood is now flowing all over the world. And in America, in the #N_A_T_O army, all the same Russians are fighting, the same Russians who have learned Ukrainian and Georgian in five years will also fight with the Russians in the ATO, They learned the language very quickly, just as 300 years ago they learned English, German and French - the latter - who especially burbled the letter "r". Internecine wars took place between the Princes - brothers for slaves, whom no one wanted to divide, so that slaves could be divided without uniform - they introduced different languages and separated the territory. This is how Ukraine was separated. Now Ukrainians will be taught English language. But the last War in the History of Mankind, now being started by the West against the Russians, who are again rising from their knees, will be of monstrous proportions and apparently the last on earth.

White-yellow-black flag of the Russian Empire

The main thing to remember is:
10,000,000 well-trained Russian soldiers and officers were killed in the First World War #wwi

White-yellow-black flag and trade flag of Russia - White-blue-red flag

More than 20,000,000 Russian people were killed in World War II.... WWII
And if not for all the wars, the Anglo-Saxons, by someone else’s hands, would not have reduced the population of Russians, the Perestroika they organized and the third Holodomor, in which more people died more people, than in all wars combined = 100,000,000 Russians, (because Russians will not humiliate themselves and ask), then taking into account unborn children, the Russian population would now be 1.650,000,000 people - and there would be much more Russians now, than the Chinese.

And if now the West, with the help of the destruction of the Russian-speaking population of Ukraine in the Donbass, forces, indeed, to send troops from Russia to protect the Donbass, because the Swedes are already going to fight with, together with already trained NATO battalions (NATO 173 airborne battalion) and ATO forces against Donetsk - you understand, it won’t be enough for everyone. No one will be able to stop what they have been trying to start against us and near Kaliningrad for three years now and are rehearsing an attack on ancient Russian territories. Only the Russians with their army have always stopped all wars.

Just remember, show your children and pass on to your grandchildren the old Russian names of our cities of the Great Greco-Russian Eastern Empire, which is 7526 years old this year:

Not “Alma-Ata”, but Verny;
Not “Astana”, but Akmolinsk;
Not “Atyrau”, but Guryev;
Not “Budennovsk”, but the Holy Cross;
Not “Vilnius”, but Vilno;
Not “Dnepr” or “Dnepropetrovsk”, but Ekaterinoslav;
Not “Yoshkar-Ola”, but Tsarevokokshaisk;
Not Kazakhstan,” but Cossack Stan;
Not “Kaunas”, but Kovno;
not “Kirov”, but Vyatka;
not “Kirovograd”, but Elisavetgrad;
not “Krasnodar”, but Ekaterinodar;
not “Kyzyl”, but Belotsarsk;
not “Makhachkala”, but Petrovsk-Port;
not “Narva”, but Rugodiv;
not Salekhard, but Obdorsk;
not “Przemysl”, but Przemysl;
not “Istanbul”, but Constantinople;
not “Pike-perch”, but Surozh;
not “Sukhumi”, but Sukhoi;
not “Syktyvkar”, but Ust-Sysolsk;
not “Tallinn”, but Revel, Kolyvan;
not “Tartu”, but Yuryev;
not “Tbilisi”, but Tiflis;
not “Togliatti”, but Stavropol-Volzhsky;
not “Tutaev”, but Romanov-Borisoglebsk;
not “Ukraine”, but Little Russia;
not “Ulan-Ude”, but Verkhneudinsk;
not “Ulyanovsk”, but Simbirsk;
not “Feodosia, but Kaffa”
not “Helm” or Hemlmgord, but Hill;

not Helsinki, but Gelinfors,

not Liepaja, but Libau,

not Makhachkala, but Petrovsk,

not Liaolin, but Dalny,

Not Kodiak, but Novo-Arkhangelsk.....

Alaska or all of North America, which was called Alaska when Russian sailors built New York, was also called under the Tsars Eastern Russia and all of North America was Russian territory, divided, as always, along a line by Russian tsars. The Crimean War - this is not a war for Crimea - this is a war between the British and the Russians for Eastern Russia, and 1853-1856 was called the Eastern War, everything from Moscow to the East, and the Eastern War is called the War specifically for America. After the February Revolution, organized by the Anglo-Saxons with the overthrow of the Russian Tsar and then the execution of the Russian Tsars and all their heirs. As a result, England did not have to repay the debt for America to the Russians, and the best Russian Army and Russian Navy in the World Saving Peace in the World was no longer... All parts after February revolution were disbanded.... Only the Revolution in October 1017 and the largest Country speaking Russian saved the Country from collapse, even after the division of the Russian Empire into the republics of the USSR, with the subsequent separation of territories, and therefore our children are taught in schools and universities according to the rewritten Stories in Russian, for us, we are no longer Russians, but Russians. Although it is still understood abroad that we are Russians. The northern part of Russian America and Hawaii were annexed to America only in 1959, after the WWII war of 1941-1945, which was supposed to finish off the Russians. Lime Russian language and Russian Orthodoxy, destroy everything ancient chronicles and lands Great Empire in the north North America, where the Russians walked on foot before the formation of the Bering Strait, and only in 1959 Alaska was named Alaska - the 49th state of "Alaska" to confuse the trail.

White+Yellow=Black Flag and Blue-Yellow-Red flags under the Tavern sign.

If you go around Europe, you will have to change too many names. no one is going to do this, or remind anyone who saved the whole world from fascism and Napoleon’s Army. But I want them to know, remember and be proud.

Stockholm - Stok - Istok Verkhniy Novgorod. Novgorod lands The Teutons tried to capture it, but on the “Wonderful Lake” in Stoke there were white swans swimming, described in “The Ugly Duckling” specifically about the Russian people who forgot and don’t even imagine who they really are from another country, Andersen wrote. because of this, only Russians are never praised and the ugly Russian ducklings, surrounded by strong strangers, die without finding their flock and do not understand who they really are. But they don’t respect Russians, simply because they envy the beauty that comes from within and everyone is afraid, because Russians know how to fight back. In Stockholm, which 300 years ago spoke Russian, there is now still a place on the map - Novgorod, you can easily find it on any map. The great “Road from the Varangians to the Greeks” began right here, in Russian Stok-Istok. In St. Petersburg and now Stockholm is colloquially called Stoke - I’ll go to Stoke.... And it now depends on you and me whether Russia will become the 52nd State of America and what language our children will speak. I wouldn't want them to speak English.
After we were accidentally given back our Crimea and NATO would not be able to put its aircraft carriers in Sevastopol, built by the Russians, everyone was really afraid that the Russians would take away everything they had and Alaska and Europe and America.
Everyone read Bismarck “Russians always come for their own” #Bismarck #Great_Greek_Russian_Eastern_Empire lost its territories and the Etruscans went north. But in vain they are all so afraid - we don’t need anything that is not ours now, and ours will remain ours, even if you crack. They would not touch us now and leave us alone. And we had to hold our own Olympics, just like in 1913, the Russian one, when the #First_Russian_Olympiad was held in Kyiv.

And now there have been attempts to use the imperial flag or its colors in the symbolism of Novorossiya - the Southern Outskirts of Russia - a separate entity in the east of Ukraine. How the St. Andrew's Naval Flag was used by the British and DPR confederates in Donetsk, but that's another story.

White-Yellow-Black flag and printed with eagles black-yellow-white inverted flag to lower Russia

The White-Yellow-Black Russian flag should not be turned over. Remember how our ancestors wore it at some point in History. There could never be a black stripe at the top. Russians abroad were always called Russians because of their white hair color - Russians are fair-haired, white, white people, and it sounded proud. Just recently Russian was translated as Russian, now Google translates to us as Russian. All residents of Russia were called Russians, not Russians, just as all immigrants from the USSR are still called Russians, be it an Uzbek or a Tajik or a Ukrainian or a Bashkir. All Russian-speaking people are still Russian for them! But in our country the word Russian is prohibited and is a common noun. And this is our Russian St. Andrew’s Naval Flag, which all Russians should be proud of, but that’s a completely different story.

St. Andrew's Flag, Guys, Russian serf flag

Seven Feet under Kiel for you Great country Rusov, Etruscans!

Arsenyev Yu.V. in his article “On the question of the white color of the royal banner that existed in Rus' until the beginning of the 18th century” (1912) he mentioned the image of a white banner with the image of a golden double-headed eagle on mirror glass, made in the years Battle of Poltava(kept in the Armory Chamber). There he also wrote about the white “yasak” banner, used in the 17th century at the beginning of the reign of Peter, about which the Austrian diplomat Korb left notes.

The flag of Russian merchant ships has been known since the 90s of the 17th century. In 1693, Peter I presented, along with a charter, a flag to the Dutch merchant Franz Timmerman, who helped Peter I study astronomy. That flag featured a black double-headed eagle in the center of a white rectangular panel. “On every ship, on the stern, imagine the coat of arms of His Royal Majesty of the Russian Empire, in the likeness of a double-headed eagle with outstretched wings with three crowns above it, and on the perches of that eagle there is a warrior on horseback, with a spear, in a military harness, piercing in the jaws of a snake, and in at the feet of the same eagle, in the right is a scepter, and in the left is an apple with a cross, and on the banners and ensigns on those ships, on the goldfinches and on the bow and stern, sew on him, Franz, the same coats of arms of His Royal Majesty that on the stern, on white taffeta, on both sides, in the middle with black taffeta, or other material of the same color."

Materials from the article by A.A. Usachev “Russian maritime flags” and the book by K.A. Ivanov “Flags of the world” were used

The same white flag with an eagle was mentioned in a letter of 1696 to the townspeople Osip and Fyodor Bazhenin to build ships in Dvinsk district and send these ships to sea. S. Elagin mentions this charter in the article “Our Flags” in the “Maritime Collection” for 1863.

There are studies proving that at the beginning of the 18th century, Russian merchant ships carried first the Dutch and then the inverted Dutch flags. For more information, see the page "Flags of the Navy"

Already in 1697, Peter I established a new flag of warships, which was based on the standard of the yacht "St. Peter" of 1693 (under which a group of small ships under the command of Peter I sailed along Northern Dvina And White Sea), - a white-blue-red cloth of equal horizontal stripes.

By personal decree of January 20, 1705 (PSZ No. 2021), Peter I approved the flag for commercial ships sailing along the Moscow River, Volga and Northern Dvina. The appearance of this flag is not known, the design mentioned in the Decree has not been preserved... It is usually believed that Peter then approved a white-blue-red striped flag. Apparently, the flag has already “taken root” on sea vessels, but an additional decree had to be issued for river vessels.

The three-color black-yellow-white cloth was approved by Emperor Alexander II on June 11 (23), 1858 as the National Arms Flag. This state symbol, introduced during the difficult era for the Russian Empire of the beginning of the “Great Reforms” and overcoming the consequences of the lost Crimean War, became a symbol of the rise of the Russian folk spirit, which marked a new flourishing, revival and greatness of the Russian state.

The description of the flag stated that the upper black and middle gold (yellow) stripes symbolize the State Emblem of the Russian Empire - a black eagle on a golden background, and the lower white stripe- a symbol of St. George the Victorious, depicted on the Moscow coat of arms as a horseman slaying a serpent with a spear. Moreover, the Imperial Decree contains a reference to the historical past of these flowers. Thus, the description states that the cockade made of black and gold colors was founded by Emperor Paul I, while banners and other decorations made of these colors were used even under Empress Anna Ioannovna. The white or silver stripe corresponds to the cockade of Peter the Great and Catherine II.

Emperor Alexander I, after the capture of Paris in 1814, combined the correct armorial cockade with the ancient one of Peter the Great, which corresponds to the white or silver horseman (St. George) in the Moscow coat of arms,”

This is the Highest Approved Description of the Imperial Flag.

However, the historical past of stamps folk flowers The imperial tricolor has roots much deeper than the era of Peter the Great, Anna Ioannovna and Catherine II. Back in 1497, on the charters of the Sovereign of All Rus' Ivan III, the symbolic imperial coat of arms of Byzantium appears, depicting a black double-headed eagle in a golden field, and it is combined with the coat of arms of the Grand Duchy of Moscow, depicting the white horseman of St. George. It is worth recalling that the Russian Tsar Ivan III was married to the niece of the last Byzantine Emperor Constantine XI, Sophia Paleologus. And the combination of the imperial coat of arms of Byzantium with the symbols of the Grand Duchy of Moscow was the personification of the idea of the Third Rome, expressed at the beginning of the 16th century by the abbot of the Pskov Spaso-Eleazarov Monastery Philotheus: “Two Romes have fallen, the third stands, and the fourth will not exist.”

Thus, black, gold (yellow) and silver (white) colors in their combination became the coat of arms colors of the Russian state. According to the Council Code of 1649 and the General Regulations of 1720, forgery of the official image of the royal seal was classified as a crime against the Sovereign himself and was punishable by death.

Under Peter I, the first Russian Imperial standard was also established in accordance with the coat of arms colors and was a panel depicting a black double-headed eagle in a golden field with St. George the Victorious in white and on a white horse. This order continued in the future. Russian coat of arms colors were preserved on Russian battle banners and cockades. Even the sentry boxes and rifle stands were painted black and yellow. And under Empress Catherine the Great, black, yellow and white colors began to be used for the ribbon and the Order of St. George - superior sign military distinction.

Coat of arms of the Russian Empire. Photo: Aleksey Stemmer / Shutterstock.com

The period of the reign of Alexander II, when the black-yellow-white tricolor became the Russian national and state flag, was marked by great reforms in all areas and spheres public life: liberation of peasants, modernization of the Russian army. Under this flag, the conquest of the Caucasus was completed and Central Asia was annexed, a glorious victory was won in the Russian-Turkish war of 1877-1878, which marked the beginning of the liberation of the Balkan Slavs from Ottoman oppression.

Soon after the assassination of Alexander II by terrorists and the accession of his son Alexander III to the throne, the Highest Order was issued, according to which on special occasions it was prescribed to hang the white-blue-red flag, which appeared in the 17th century and was established by Peter the Great as a commercial flag. Despite this, the black-yellow-white flag remained a national Russian symbol and was solemnly raised during important state events - for example, during the meeting of the Emperors of Russia and Austria-Hungary Alexander III and Franz Joseph in Kremsier in August 1885.

In 1896, on the eve of the coronation of Emperor Nicholas II, the Highest Order established a Special Meeting headed by Adjutant General Konstantin Posyet, which decided that

the white-blue-red flag has every right to be called Russian or national and its colors: white, blue and red are called state; the flag is black-orange-white and has no heraldic or historical basis.”

However, in Russian society The discussion continued about what the main state and national symbol. In 1910, a new Special Meeting was established under the chairmanship of Comrade Minister of Justice A.N. Verevkin, which was supposed to “clarify the issue of Russian state colors.”

In 1912, in the Russian city of Kharkov, the Orthodox publicist and missionary Evstafiy Voronets published a brochure entitled “How the black, yellow and white colors of Russian state symbolization came about and what they mean,” sharply criticizing the Posyet commission, describing its chairman as a “cosmopolitan.”

More pressing and urgent matters of state and Japanese war with the foreign revolution, they prevented the correction of the illegality that occurred then,”

Voronets wrote, expressing the hope that the restoration of the use of the symbol of the original Russian state would soon take place in full.

Established in February 1913 in honor of the 300th anniversary of the House of Romanov, the commemorative medal was on a black, yellow and white flowers. And the following year, 1914, in accordance with the circular of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Empire, a flag was introduced for use in private life, which was a white-red banner, in the upper left corner of which was placed a yellow square with a black double-headed eagle and St. George the Victorious on a white horse. The flag was supposed to signify the unity of the Sovereign and the people.

However, it was not possible to complete the restoration of the status of the black-yellow-white flag. The first one broke out World War, and then the revolution that brought down the Russian monarchy and the great Russian Empire. The black-yellow-white cloth returned to Russia again in the early 1990s. It was actively used and continues to be used by national-patriotic and monarchist movements. In 1993, the black-yellow-white tricolor (popularly known as the imperial flag) became, along with the state flag of the USSR, a symbol of resistance to the Yeltsin dictatorship. It was also actively used by supporters of the Russian Spring in the former Ukraine.

In Russia throughout recent years Discussions continue about recognizing the black-yellow-white imperial flag as an official historical symbol Russian state with endowing it with the appropriate legal status. Making such a decision at the state level will undoubtedly be an act of respect for the great past of our country.

There is a lot of debate about the correct arrangement of colors on the flag of the Russian Empire. Which is correct: black-yellow-white or white-yellow-black? Unfortunately, there is a sea of publications on this topic, mostly of an educational nature, where there is no justified explanation of how colors should be positioned correctly. There is only a reference to the highest approved decree No. 33289 of June 11, 1858 “On the arrangement of the coat of arms of the Empire on banners, flags and other objects used for decoration on special occasions.” But the circumstances under which the decree was adopted, the current state situation and who was the author of this document are not indicated.

Coexistence of two flags until the 70s. XIX century was not so noticeable, but the question of the “duality” of the most important state Russian symbol is gradually beginning to arise. This duality is perceived differently by the Russian public. Ardent defenders of the Russian autocracy believed that there could be no talk of any flag other than the imperial one, legalized by the emperor: the people and the government must be united. The opposition to the tsarist regime stood under the trade flags of white, blue and red, which became a symbol of the anti-government political movements of those years. It was these colors that were defended by the so-called. “liberal” circles who shouted to the whole world that they were fighting the despotism and reactionary nature of the tsarist government, but, in fact, they were fighting against the greatness and prosperity of their own country.

During this heated controversy, Alexander II died at the hands of revolutionaries. His son and successor, Alexander III, on April 28, 1883, gave the white-blue-red flag the status of a state flag, but did NOT CANCEL the imperial one. Russia now has two official state flags, which further complicates the situation. And already on April 29, 1896, Emperor Nicholas II ordered that white-blue-red be considered the National and State flag, also indicating that “other flags should not be allowed.”

But let's return to the white-yellow-black banner. That is, then, before adoption, the white-yellow-black flag was simply turned over. The “coup” can also be traced to its author – Bernhard Karl Köhne (he will be discussed at the end of the article in order to fully understand what kind of person got involved in “correcting” Russian heraldry). Upon his accession to the throne, Alexander II decided, among other things, to put the state symbols in order - and to bring them into line with pan-European heraldic standards.

This was to be done by Baron Bernhard Karl Köhne, who was appointed head of the stamp department in 1857. He (Köhne) was born into the family of a secret state archivist, a Berlin Jew who converted to the Reformed religion. He came to Russia under the patronage. In heraldic historiography he earned a sharp negative assessment, despite his vigorous activity.

A special meeting was formed to clarify the issue “about the state Russian national colors.” It worked for 5 years, and the majority of participants voted for the return of the imperial white-yellow-black flag with the “correct” arrangement of colors as the main, state flag. For some reason and why - it is not clear, but they made a compromise - as a result, a symbiosis of two competing flags appeared.

It is clear that colors are still confused and flags are hung upside down, consciously and unconsciously, but for this to happen at the state level and with many years of struggle, special efforts of special people are needed.

The existence of the white-yellow-black flag is confirmed by newsreels, but they are treated differently due to the black and white film. Supporters of the black-yellow-white flag explain that on the set of the white-blue-red flag, without being embarrassed by the simple experience of comparing colors, when converting colored flags into black and white mode using any well-known graphic editor. Given this experience, the similarity of the white-yellow-black flag to newsreel footage is greater than the white-blue-red one.

Also, the tricolor in the white-yellow-black arrangement can be seen in artists’ paintings. In Vasnetsov’s painting dedicated to the Russian-Turkish war, a white-yellow-black flag is installed. Interesting fact: the painting dates back to 1878, that is, it was painted 20 years after the release of statement No. 33289 “on the arrangement of coat of arms flowers,” in which they were changed the other way around. It turns out that the people still used uninverted white-yellow-black flags.

[In the center, there is an assumption that this is the flag (blue-yellow-red) of the United Principality of Wallachia and Moldavia, an ally of the Russian Empire in the Russian-Turkish War (1877–1878). There is also an opinion that this is a Pan-Slavic (common Slavic) flag (if the flag wears blue-white-red colors. It is difficult to judge from the reproduction the color of the middle zone). In 1848, at the Pan-Slavic Congress in Prague, the Slavic peoples adopted a common Pan-Slavic flag, repeating the colors of the Russian (white-blue-red) flag.]

Also interpreted as: black – monasticism, yellow – gold of icons, white – purity of the soul. But all this is from the category of popular interpretations. Who will come up with something.

It is difficult to guess for yourself the meaning of the colors in this arrangement (black-yellow-white). A logical explanation just doesn't come to mind. But for us, someone “kind” does it himself and slips in his own interpretation, so that no one has even a shadow of doubt about the “correctness” of the arrangement of colors. And if anyone thinks otherwise, they rebuke him: how dare he doubt? The principle “everyone thinks so” or “this is how it is accepted” is in full effect here. They are not looking for the truth, but for public opinion, which, alas, almost never has anything to do with the truth.

But the most important point is missed, that the colors of the imperial flag should be identical to the words that express our entire Slavic essence: Orthodoxy, Autocracy, Nationality. Or, to put it another way: Church, Tsar, Kingdom. What color goes with each of these words? I think the answer is obvious.

Also, along with the flag, the state emblem also underwent changes in 1858. Koehne created it the way we are used to seeing it. Although under Nicholas I it was different.

For example, the Coat of Arms depicted on coins. Here are the Nikolaev coins, 1858.

But the 1859 coin of Alexander II (The reign of Alexander II, whose years were nicknamed the “era of great reforms”, for Russian Jews, as well as for the country as a whole, was a sharp contrast to the previous one. Reforms in the economy, relative political freedoms, rapid development of industry - all this, like a century earlier in Prussia, created the conditions for Jewish assimilation, which never happened). Here you can clearly see how accurately the eagle was “licked” from the Habsburg coat of arms. A particularly striking detail is the eagle’s tail. And all this in one year with the change of the flag. Magendovids (six-pointed stars) also appeared on coins. Since the Masons are great symbolists, they just wanted to add at least a drop of tar to our heraldry.

A few more coins for comparison:

Back in 1959, a commemorative coin and medal “Monument of Emperor Nicholas I on Horseback” was issued. Magendavids are now so small that they can only be seen under a magnifying glass.

The copper coins were updated, the design changed radically, the stars there are “Soviet” - pentacles.

The image below shows the similarity of the coat of arms that Koehne “composed” with the coat of arms of the Habsburgs.

Habsburg coat of arms

For comparison:

1. The crown acquired a ribbon (although, in my opinion, it looks more like a snake); before this, this ribbon had never been used in Russian heraldry.

4. Main Tail. This is clear without comment.

He became interested in numismatics early on and published his first work in this field (“Coinage of the City of Berlin”) at the age of 20, while still a student at a Berlin gymnasium.

Köhne met Russia in absentia back in the early 1840s. The famous numismatist Yakov Yakovlevich Reichel, who served in the Expedition for the procurement of state papers, the owner of one of the largest numismatic collections, drew attention to the young man, who soon became his assistant in collecting and “representative” in German numismatic circles. After completing his university course, Koehne came to St. Petersburg for the first time.

In St. Petersburg, Koehne developed a vigorous activity.

The second half of the 1850s was Koehne’s triumph in Heraldry, when in 1856 he created the Great State Emblem of the Empire, and in June 1857 he became the manager of the Armal Department at the department (with the retention of the Hermitage). Having headed all practical work in the field of Russian heraldry, Koehne over the next years began a large-scale heraldic reform, trying to unify and give consistency to the body of Russian family and territorial coats of arms by bringing them into line with the rules of European heraldry (for example, turning the figures to the right heraldic side; replacing some that Koehne thought were not suitable for heraldry, figures for others, etc.) and the introduction of new principles and elements (placement of the provincial coat of arms in the free part of the city coat of arms, a system of emblems of the external part of territorial and city coats of arms, reflecting their status, etc. ).

Main conclusions

Russia is an Orthodox country, regardless of how many churchgoers and true believers there are currently. Orthodoxy is the foundation on which Rus' was built and stands to this day. This means that there cannot be anything in its symbolism that contradicts Orthodox spirituality.

Based on this statement, then the imperial flag of Russia should be white-yellow-black, and not vice versa. And that's why:

White color is God. White color symbolizes the Divine uncreated (uncreated) light.

On the great holidays of the Nativity of Christ, Epiphany, Ascension, Transfiguration, Annunciation, they serve in white vestments. White vestments are worn during baptisms and burials. The holiday of Easter (the Resurrection of Christ) begins in white vestments as a sign of the Light that shone from the Tomb of the risen Savior, although the main Easter color is red and gold. In icon painting, white color means the radiance of eternal life and purity.

Yellow (golden) – King. These are the colors of glory, royal and episcopal greatness and dignity.

Blacks are the people of God (see below about the Black Hundreds).

This color also symbolizes crying and repentance. Accepted during the days of Great Lent, it symbolizes renunciation of worldly vanity.

For Vera! (God - Orthodoxy) - White color. King! (Autocracy) – Yellow color. Fatherland! (Russian Land, People) – Black color.

Incense, like God, is white. Gold, like the Tsar, is a yellow color. Smyrna, as a person, is black.

It can be firmly stated that the Holy Great Tsar-Redeemer Nicholas II and Tsarevich Alexei understood the problem of the state flag of the Russian Empire and intended to bring its colors to their original form, i.e. white-yellow-black. This is confirmed by the fact that the banner of the Livadia-Yalta amusing (intended for war games) company named after Tsarevich Alexei consisted of white, yellow and black stripes.

This banner belonged to the Tsarevich's regiment. Therefore, there is no doubt that during his supposed future reign it was planned to use exactly this arrangement of colors on the imperial banner...

In addition, for the 300th anniversary of the House of Romanov, Tsar Nicholas II approved an anniversary medal using the colors: White-Yellow-Black.

Strengthen and help us, Lord! Amen.

Black Hundreds

History of the name

The founder of the organized “Black Hundreds” V. A. Gringmut in his already mentioned “Manual of the Monarchist Black Hundreds” (1906) wrote: “The enemies of the autocracy called the “Black Hundred” the simple, black Russian people who, during the armed rebellion of 1905, stood up in defense of the autocratic Tsar. Is this name honorable, “Black Hundred”? Yes, very honorable. The Nizhny Novgorod Black Hundred, gathered around Minin, saved Moscow and all of Russia from the Poles and Russian traitors.”

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