Assessment and certification of professional qualifications of specialists. Regulations on the assessment and certification of qualifications of graduates of educational institutions of vocational education, other categories of citizens who have undergone vocational training in various

Certification professional qualifications began to actively develop in Russia more than two decades ago, which was due to the growing need domestic economy in a skilled workforce and the need for an effective and universal tool for its assessment.

The current state of certification of professional qualifications in Russia

Personnel certification makes it possible to confirm that the applicant has various qualifications, including those acquired abroad formal education. Candidates with professional certificates receive significant competitive advantages in the labor market, automatically becoming more interesting to employers.

Despite the continuing (and even increasing) relevance of personnel certification issues, the country still does not have a unified and stable qualification certification system, although Lately Important steps have been taken in this direction:

• a process of active development of professional standards was launched (already in the first quarter of 2015 their number exceeded 400) and their practical use in the field of professional education and employment began;
• established and put into operation National Council under the President for Professional Qualifications, which initiated the emergence of councils for professional qualifications, whose tasks were to organize and supervise the process of personnel certification in certain industries and areas of activity (more than 10 such bodies are already in operation);
• project developed Federal Law“On independent assessment of qualifications and amendments to certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation”, which establishes the term “certification of professional qualifications” and describes the principles of a uniform approach to the assessment of qualifications, including those carried out through certification.

Personnel certification: who initiates it, who is interested in it and why?

Personnel certification is a voluntary procedure. It can be completed by employed citizens with unemployed status and graduates of vocational education institutions. In this case, the presence/absence of Russian citizenship does not matter.

The material costs associated with certification of qualifications are borne by its initiator, which can be not only the applicant himself, but also an employer, educational institution, employment service, etc.

At the same time, each of the possible initiators of personnel certification will pursue its own goals:

• the employee will receive official, objective and quoted on the labor market confirmation of his qualifications;
• the employer will verify the necessary qualifications of the working personnel or candidates for open vacancies, and will also receive information to develop adaptation programs and determine the need for training and development of competencies in order to improve the actual qualifications of employees;
• the results of certification will be useful to various authorities in drawing up long-term plans for regional and sectoral development;
• Universities and secondary educational institutions will be able to confirm the quality level of their educational programs.

What distinguishes personnel certification from assessment and certification?

Despite the similarity of these terms, there are clear differences between them.

Certification here refers to the process of confirming the compliance of a particular person’s skill level with the requirements contained in the professional standard. Certification is always carried out by a third party competent authority.

Certification is aimed at identifying the degree of compliance of the employee with the requirements of the position he occupies, prescribed in the job description. The certification process is regulated regulatory materials federal and industry level (in the labor sphere). Certification can be external and internal.

Personnel assessment is the most comprehensive of the concepts under consideration, implying any actions carried out in the process of functioning of the personnel management system and aimed at obtaining initial information for planning the need for personnel and improving their qualifications, as well as during the selection of personnel in general and the final selection of applicants for open positions in particular.

Independent assessment of qualifications as one of the indicators of the quality of graduate training

In accordance with the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation V.V. Putin dated May 7 (2012 No. 597) The Government of the Russian Federation was instructed to develop by 2015 proposals for the formation of a network of independent qualification certification centers with the participation of associations of employers | and professional communities, including the definition of mechanisms for accreditation of such centers and the establishment of a procedure for confirming qualifications in accordance with professional standards.

Independent certification procedure – a process of independent assessment of the level of qualifications of graduates, through which an expert commission confirms that the level of qualifications of the graduate meets the requirements qualification characteristics, the requirements of the professional standard (if any).

Expert commission – the body that carries out the procedure for independent certification of graduates.

The expert commission includes representatives of employers and other organizations that coordinate and monitor the independent certification procedure at various stages.

In 2016, as part of the formation in the Republic of Tatarstan of a system of independent assessment of the quality of training of professional graduates educational organizations a decision was made to implement a “pilot” project to certify qualifications in 2 promising areas for our republic: petrochemistry and mechanical engineering. In this regard, the main project participants were identified:

In the direction of "Petrochemistry" PJSC "Nizhnekamskneftekhim" and JSC "TANECO" together with the resource center "Technical College of Petrochemistry and Oil Refining" in Nizhnekamsk (professions "Operator" and "Technological pump and compress operator");

In the direction of “Mechanical Engineering” PJSC “KAMAZ” together with the resource center “Kama State Automotive Technical College named after. L.B. Vasilyeva" Naberezhnye Chelny (profession "Car repair mechanic").

Objective of the project:

External assessment quality of graduate training

Project objectives:

Expanding opportunities for graduates to find employment at PJSC Nizhnekamskneftekhim, JSC TANECO

Career planning

Advanced training taking into account employers' requirements

Project organizers:

PJSC "Nizhnekamskneftekhim"

JSC "TANECO"

GAPOU "Technical School of Petrochemistry and Oil Refining."

Socio-economic effect of implementation and implementation:

Independent certification brings benefits to all participants:

Graduate: Having a certificate of conformity increases his chances of finding the desired position;

Company: HR services receive objective information about the qualifications of workers, insure themselves against possible problems incompetence of personnel;

Technical College: It has objective assessment the quality of their educational programs.

Competitive advantages: graduates have a certificate, objective information about the qualifications of employees of enterprises, objective assessment of results educational process technical school

On June 30, 2016, on the basis of the GAPOU “Technical College of Petrochemistry and Oil Refining”, an independent assessment of the qualifications of graduates was held in the following competencies: “Distillation operator” and “Machinist” pumping units».

In this regard, the enterprises, together with the resource center, determined a mechanism for implementing an independent assessment of the quality of education of graduates in terms of professional (corporate) standards, developed and approved the corresponding “ road maps"and a set of preparatory measures was implemented, including:

The formation of expert and appeal commissions, which included exclusively representatives of basic enterprises, that is, the assessment of the “quality” of graduates of the resource center will be carried out only by independent representatives of specialized enterprises. Chief production engineers of Nizhnekamskneftekhim PJSC and TANECO JSC were appointed chairmen of the expert commissions.

Member trainingcertification commissions for72 -hour program " General requirements to organizations providing personnel certification» . The training was carried out by the enterprises themselves;

Development of control and measurement materials for the above professions in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard. Carried out jointly with enterprises;

Determination of workplaces for conducting the certification exam for graduates;

Production of certificates certifying the level of qualifications of graduates who have successfully completed the certification procedure.

31 graduates of the technical school were subjected to an independent examination for the competency: “Distillation operator” and 27 graduates for the competency “Pumping unit operator”.

The professional exam (independent examination) took place in 2 stages: theoretical ( test) and practical (practical qualifying work and completing a task on a computer simulator). The main emphasis in conducting the independent examination was based on practical work. Practical work was carried out at existing pilot plants, the workplaces were as close as possible to workplaces in production. According to the competence: “Distillation operator”, it was envisaged to carry out work on servicing the absorption column of the training installation, which includes starting the installation, conducting the absorption process and stopping the installation in compliance with all labor safety rules and performing tasks on the computer simulator “Starting and stopping the deethanizer (column ) K-410”, and according to the competence “Pump installation operator”, the work of replacing the pressure gauge on a running pump with switching to reserve, while starting and stopping the pumps, installing gaskets, and selecting pressure gauges according to the operating pressure.

The certification was held at the highest level. Despite the excitement, the graduates successfully completed the tasks presented. As a result, 31 graduates confirmed their qualifications in the “Distillation Operator” competency, 22 graduates in the “Pumping Installation Operator” competency, 5 graduates in the “Pumping Installation Operator” competency did not confirm their qualifications.

The percentage of certificates received among technical school graduates for the following competencies is: “Distillation operator” - 100%, and for the competencies “Pumping unit operator” - 93%.

Upon completion of the professional exam, the expert commission highly assessed the training of future workers.

The resource center of GAPOU "Technical School of Petrochemistry and Oil Refining" trains graduates of blue-collar professions and mid-level specialists for particularly hazardous industrial production of PJSC Nizhnekamskneftekhim, JSC TANECO and the Tatneft group of companies OJSC TAIF-NK. The safety and well-being of the population of the city and region depends on the quality of knowledge of graduates. Therefore, the employer is more interested than ever in highly qualified specialists and already at the stage of independent assessment of graduates’ qualifications they have the opportunity to identify the best guys for further career growth future leaders. It is no secret that many graduates of the College of Petrochemistry and Oil Refining today occupy high management positions. For example,

1. Shuisky Vasily Nikolaevich - deputy general director for personnel and social issues of PJSC "Nizhnekamskneftekhim"

2. Andrey Yurievich Egorov – director of the Vodokanal municipal unitary enterprise, deputy of the State Council of the Republic of Tatarstan of the fifth convocation

3. Rachenchuk Yuri Borisovich - chief metrologist of PJSC Nizhnekamskneftekhim

And there are many such examples. We have created an effective social dialogue between vocational education and enterprises PJSC Nizhnekamskneftekhim, JSC TANECO, OJSC TAIF-NK, etc. Cooperation agreements have been concluded with them. College graduates are always in demand for enterprises in the city and region.

Thus, the graduate receives a certificate of confirmation of qualifications, the employer receives objective information about the future employee, and the technical school receives an objective assessment of the quality of the educational process.

Nizhnekamskneftekhim, TANECO and the technical school still have to do qualitative analysis, identify shortcomings, solve open questions innovative project. But the fact that this needs to be done is already indisputable!!!

Certification of qualifications- this is a mechanism that determines the compliance of specialists with the requirements of professional standards, modern system assessments based on uniform, generally accepted, objective criteria. This is the process of assigning status to specialists according to their knowledge acquired in the process of training and professional activity.

Certification is a procedure for confirming compliance of qualifications with the requirements of professional standards, carried out through a comprehensive and objective assessment of qualifications.

Qualification- the employee’s readiness to perform high-quality specific functions within a certain type of work activity.

Professional standard- this is a regulatory document that defines the requirements for employees to fulfill labor functions and the necessary competencies.

At the core of certification are learning outcomes, which are understood as the sum of knowledge, understanding, experience and values/attitudes that can be demonstrated upon completion of the training. Moreover, learning results can be obtained not only in the process of formal education, but also in informal and spontaneous learning.

Learning outcomes (otherwise known as competencies) are reflected in professional standards and grouped into qualifications. Each qualification, in turn, relates to a certain level. When assessed as part of the certification procedure, compliance or non-compliance with the requirements of professional standards is established, after which an appropriate certificate is issued or not.

Thus, certification is confirmation by a competent authority that the learning outcomes (knowledge, skills, experience/competencies) acquired by a person within the framework of formal, informal or spontaneous learning have been assessed and meet the requirements of professional standards.

What is the basis of certification?

Need for certification

On modern stage economic development, a steady trend towards the integration of processes affecting the labor market has emerged and is developing. Transition to market economy characterized by the free movement of goods and services, work force and capital, as well as competition not only on the external, but also on the internal market, determines the necessary preparation high level qualifications of an employee with broad competence and the ability to make independent decisions. With the advent of Western firms, requirements for qualification levels workers are becoming increasingly comparable to those required in business in the West. Changing technology technological processes based on widespread implementation computer equipment and informatization of management functions require appropriate qualifications of the employee, a high level of knowledge acquired by the employee both in preparation for work and in the process of on-the-job training.

Currently, all work encountered in enterprises is highly diverse, determined by the degree of complexity and responsibility of their implementation and ranked into 8 levels. The level of an employee is an indicator of the level of his qualifications.

The results of qualification certification can provide:

recognition of qualifications regardless of the method of obtaining them;

expanding employment opportunities for citizens;

reduction of deadlines vocational training and training.

Certification does not replace basic education and does not call it into question, but confirms the competence of a specialist in accordance with modern employer requirements and regulatory documents.

From July 1, 2016, professional standards become mandatory when applying for a job.

A certificate of compliance with the professional standard becomes a necessary document.

Benefits of certified specialists

Documentary confirmation by an independent organization of the qualifications and professional skills of a specialist.

Guarantee of quality of services in the field of professional activities.

Personal advantage for career growth.

Meeting the needs of organizations and private customers for qualified specialists.

Confidence of specialists in their own capabilities, psychological comfort, trust of the organization’s management and respect of colleagues.

Formal education or training- training carried out in a specially organized and structured manner. goals, time and resources in the environment (in an educational institution, at an enterprise). Is purposeful on the part of the learner and leads to the issuance of a diploma/certificate.

Spontaneous learning- training during Everyday life, in the family, at work, etc. Not organized or structured in terms of goals, timing or learning support. As a rule, it is not purposeful on the part of the student.

Informal learning- learning carried out during planned activities that are not formal learning (in terms of objectives, time or learning support). Informal learning is also purposeful on the part of the learner.

The cost of certification of compliance of qualifications with professional standards - 25,000 rubles.

Certification of each subsequent - 15,000 rubles.

Why do I need to verify multiple qualifications?

In the event that your position does not fully correspond to your current knowledge and skills, you can claim that the experience you gained in the process of work is sufficient to successful work in another position. For example, you work as an accountant, have the appropriate education, have taken advanced training courses, etc. However, at work you also serve as the CFO, and during your time there you have already gained enough experience to qualify for this position. But since you have an accounting education and a lot of “credentials” that you are a first-class accountant, no one will even consider you for the position of financial director.

This is where certification of professional qualifications can help you. Since this is a document that will confirm that you have knowledge and skills that meet the professional standard of a financial director, and will allow you to apply for this position.

And this is just one example in which you can confirm your qualifications as an accountant, as well as confirm the informal knowledge and skills of a financial director. A certificate of qualifications is a universal document that allows you to find a job in accordance with your actual knowledge and skills.

In November 2010, during a meeting between the Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation V. Putin and the Minister of Education and Science, the thesis was established that quality assessment should pass to professional associations, employers and be independent, not departmental. V. Putin confirmed this course during another meeting - with the leadership of the Russian Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs on May 17, 2011. Then, professional standards as technical specifications for personnel training were called the link between the workplace and education; without them, the quality of education was considered inferior. And in February 2012, the head of state drew attention to the following fact: back in 2006, the government and business agreed that the creation of a system of professional qualifications would be undertaken by employers' associations. But in five years, only 69 standards were approved. To put it mildly, a drop in the ocean. Having criticized employers for this, the president pointed out that the problem of creating a national qualifications system must be solved as a national task, using all the resources of the state.

The task of standardization has revealed a whole range of problems related to both the sphere vocational education, and labor.

Firstly, the Unified Tariff and Qualification Directory of Works and Professions of Workers and Qualification Handbook positions of managers, specialists and employees. They do not record new types of professional activities, there is a lack of specificity in the requirements for knowledge, skills, and, most importantly, competencies, and differences in skill levels are not defined.

Secondly, the obstacle is the level of adaptation of personnel to modern conditions labor, business requirements. Workers are not ready for retraining and continuous training.

Thirdly, institutional connections between the spheres of labor and education do not correspond to the new economic conditions and are not enshrined in law.

Employers have little influence on improving the quality of the workforce and determining the industry's forecast needs for personnel training. Perhaps because they still don’t quite understand how important it is for building innovation economy create standards - both professional and educational ones based on them. There are no organizational mechanisms and specialists for this yet.

Today in Russia the shortage of highly qualified workers is 27 percent, and the shortage of line department managers is from 23 to 32 percent. And first of all this applies to large enterprises. According to research conducted by URO RAO in 2010, the forecast of the need for training with higher education For Sverdlovsk region, amounted to 12.7 thousand people, and it was planned to release almost 3 times more - 37.7 thousand people. Similar indicators turned out to be even more impressive for the group of specialties “Economics and Management”, where the need was covered by more than 6 times. Even in secondary vocational education institutions it was planned to train specialists 2.2 times more than required. But in relation to workers, the picture is different: the forecast of annual demand is 23.8 thousand people, and the output is 20 thousand people, that is, 1.2 times less. There is a shortage of personnel. Similar trends are typical for Chelyabinsk region.

Another problem is the shortage of labor force quality, which manifests itself in the fact that a modern graduate of the vocational education system clearly does not meet the needs of an enterprise aimed at innovative development. Certification of qualifications should help solve this problem as a whole.

What is a qualification? This is the result of mastering educational programs and life experience. What is certification? There are many definitions, but their meaning boils down to one thing: to identify what a person knows, understands and can do, evaluate these results, compare them with the National Qualifications Framework and professional standards and make a decision on awarding professional qualifications and issuing the corresponding certificate.

Certification systems have long existed in the world to ensure stable and guaranteed development of national economies. However, in Russia the system of assessment and certification of qualifications has only just begun to take shape. Its structure includes the Public and State Council, the base organization - the National Agency for the Development of Qualifications, the Register of the system of independent assessment of the quality of vocational education, regional expert and methodological centers, certification centers and appeal commissions.

Why is certification of qualifications of graduates and enterprise personnel so important in our time? Production systems and management objects have become more complex, international and foreign companies, new technologies, professions and positions have appeared, requirements for employees have changed, and there is a need to master new competencies and assess the degree of proficiency in them.

In the new conditions, certification of qualifications is beneficial to everyone: employers, a specific employee, and the state. It increases the employability of citizens, increases their competitiveness in the labor market, stimulates interest in continuing education and training, and also facilitates the process of transition from training to work and from work to continuing education. The cost of certification is also important, which is lower than for a full course of study, as well as equal opportunities for every citizen to confirm their qualifications. Employers, by obtaining more qualified personnel, can reduce training costs and optimize human resource management. And the state is interested in increasing the efficiency of education and training, reducing the level and duration of unemployment, providing enterprises and social sphere qualified workforce. All of the above contributes to solving economic problems.

In general, certification of qualifications has a systemic effect. It is carried out through the assessment of professional competencies. The tools for this include instrumentation and control and diagnostic materials. A test control system is created for each educational level, a system of complex practical tasks is created in accordance with qualification levels.

The certification procedure is voluntary: it is carried out based on the individual learning path compiled by the person.

What are the risks associated with introducing certification? First of all, they are economic: such as the unwillingness of employers to invest in personnel development, the insufficient development of social partnership, the lack of government incentive mechanisms and guaranteed funding for certification. There are also social risks, mainly associated with people’s old ideological position: a lack of understanding of their own benefit, a lack of faith in the need for change.

Who carries out the certification? Specially trained experts, also certified government agencies or independent professional communities.

A professional standard is a product of the collective activities of employers, united by type economic activity, reflecting the minimum required total qualification requirements to the profession, the personal and professional qualities of the employee, the quality of work actions performed, and the results of activities. It can be of three types (levels): national, regional, corporate. Both national and regional standards are developed for a specific sector of the economy for a certain period of validity. But one is approved at the federal level, and the other at the regional level. Corporate reflects the requirements for the profession, being limited to the framework and ideas of specialists only in a given organization; it cannot serve as the basis for state educational standards, since it has a different structure and is built using different methods.

The experience of creating systems for assessing and certifying professional qualifications of personnel shows that in Russia these processes are very difficult. Nevertheless, there is movement. In the Chelyabinsk region, through the efforts of the PROMASS Union of Employers, the Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs, and the South Ural Chamber of Commerce and Industry, a system of independent assessment and certification of qualifications has been practically formed. It includes the Chelyabinsk regional agency for the development of qualifications, the regional expert and methodological center "Etalon", the center for the development of education and personnel certification "Universum", the coordinating council for certification of qualifications.

In the near future, the certification system will make it possible to take the first steps to improve the quality of the workforce, adjust educational programs taking into account the requirements of employers, and test the developed qualification framework. A particularly great effect from its implementation is expected in problem areas - where there is an acute shortage of personnel, high unemployment, availability large quantity migrant workers.

12.04.2013

Who needs voluntary certification of qualifications and why?

Preface

Russian Federation is a member of the WTO - this is recognition and acceptance general rules international trade, and the adoption of a general concept of socio-economic development.
Professional education will be focused on the endless and rapid increase and renewal of knowledge.

Rigid market laws will not leave the slightest chance for educational institutions that ignore the needs of employers, the state, and society as a whole.

As a result of joining the WTO, our labor resources and domestic human resources will be uncompetitive not only in the foreign market, but also in the domestic Russian market.

Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin, at a meeting on the training of qualified workers in demand in the economy, noted: “In the next two years, it is necessary to create a national certification system for specialists for priority sectors of the economy.”

In this regard, on January 27, 2012, the Autonomous non-profit organization"Ural Regional Agency for the Development of Qualifications" (ANO URARK).

Her goal: Security sustainable development human resources and quality improvement labor resources based on a system of independent assessment and certification of professional qualifications of specialists in accordance with the requirements of professional standards for types of economic activity.

The Nizhny Tagil Chamber of Commerce and Industry is one of the founders of the Ural Regional Qualifications Development Agency and is preparing on its site the conditions for the creation of an Intersectoral Center for the Assessment and Certification of Qualifications.

Thus, the presence of a certificate confirms:
-high qualifications a specific specialist;
- guaranteed demand in the labor market;

Questions are answered by a full member of the European League of Managers, an expert of the System Voluntary Certification Governors of the Russian Federation, Doctor of Economics Artur Salakhov.

Practice shows that no. Firstly, the diploma is issued by those who taught themselves, and this is biased. Secondly, it assesses only theoretical knowledge, that is, it cannot be used to assess qualifications. Thirdly, a diploma is issued once and for life, and the profession develops further. Fourth, training in formal education is associated with educational standards that have little in common with the standards of the profession, which change earlier, more often, faster than training programs.

Why certificate?

Firstly, when certifying a professional, an assessment of his knowledge, skills and abilities is given by the professional community, that is, those who hire him. Secondly, not only theoretical knowledge is assessed, but also practical skills. Thirdly, the certificate has time restrictions associated with changes in the requirements of the professional standard and the requirements of subsequent qualification levels. Fourthly, certification evaluates current knowledge, abilities and skills, that is, the quality of a professional at a given time.

CERTIFICATION RULE: “IT IS NOT THE ONE WHO TEACHES, BUT THE ONE WHO HIRING.”

Why voluntary?

Any mandatory and directive formula leads to licensing, that is, to a system of permissions and prohibitions that relate to the prerogative public services, and this is corruption. Here we are talking about the social and professional recognition of a professional person and he himself must determine the trajectory of his professional and career growth. He has a voluntary choice - either unemployment, or decent work and prosperity. The employer has a voluntary choice - to have qualified, proven professionals, or to deal with the qualifications of the team independently and at his own expense. The vocational training system faces a voluntary choice: to train professionals and be in demand on the vocational education market or to continue producing new unskilled unemployed people?

How is certification of professional qualifications related to the system of formal vocational education?

Firstly, certification is an assessment of a specialist’s compliance with the requirements of a professional standard. Secondly, the professional standard itself for the vocational training (education) system is a technical specification. Thirdly, certification, independent of the education (training) system, evaluates the quality of this education and its compliance with the requirements terms of reference(professional standard). Fourthly, certification independent of formal education recognizes, first of all, a specialist, not a graduate. educational institution, that is, it recognizes any form of knowledge acquisition. skills and abilities not related to the official vocational education system.

Who needs certification?

Firstly, to the specialist himself. Secondly, to the employer. Thirdly, the vocational education system.

Why is certification needed?

For a specialist - for social and professional identification of his qualifications and obtaining his place in the market of qualified professionals (labor market). To the employer - to bring the workforce into qualitative compliance with the requirements of professional standards and minimize costs with its retraining and advanced training. Vocational education system - to improve training programs to meet labor market requirements.

In the labor market, where a professional sells his qualifications to the employer, the certificate is a kind of document of product conformity and determines the price of the specialist. The higher the level of qualification on the certificate, the higher the cost of the professional. The more professional certificates a person has, the more places he has in the labor market.

Certificate recognition. Based on professional standard, independent and voluntary, used by the professional community, certification has regional, national and international levels recognition. The wider the geography of professional recognition of a certificate, the higher its value and demand.

Is it possible to buy a certificate?

You can buy a piece of paper with the inscription “Certificate”, but you cannot buy the competence and qualifications that this paper confirms. To paraphrase a Russian proverb, an employer hires someone on the basis of a certificate, but expels them on the grounds of inadequacy for the position held. Moreover, you can check the legality of the certificate in electronic register, where it is included in the professional certification system. A professional certification system recognized by the professional community, by definition, cannot include a non-professional in the register. Otherwise, she will lose the trust of the employer and the demand in the market for qualified professionals, that is, the business itself. Certification procedures in the mode of controlled on-line testing reduce the corruption component to the maximum minimum.

For questions regarding certification of qualifications, please contact the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of NT
Tel.: 41-48-14 Director of the Central Distribution Center Yurina Tatyana Stanislavovna (room 412).