Specially protected areas of Crimea presentation. A single lesson on the topic "reserves of the Crimea" class hour on ecology on the topic

Crimean Nature ReserveCrimean Nature Reserve is the largest nature reserve
Crimea, one of the oldest in Crimea. Located in Alushta.
The beginning of the conservation of the territory now included in its composition,
The creation of the “Imperial Hunting Reserve” in 1913 is considered.
In 1957 the reserve was
turned into Crimean
state hunting reserve.
The status of the reserve was
returned to this territory
only in June 1991
year by resolution of the Council
Ministers of the Ukrainian SSR. Branch
Nature Reserve "Lebyazhi"
Islands" was created in 1949
year. In 2014 the reserve
was transferred under
surveillance by the Russian Traffic Police.

The total area of ​​the reserve is 44,175 hectares.
The main part of the reserve occupies the center of the Main Ridge Crimean mountains, branch
The reserve is located in the west of the Crimean steppe zone and takes up part
waters of the Karkinitsky Bay of the Black Sea.
Here are the highest mountain ranges of Crimea - Yalta yayla, Gurzuf
yayla, Babugan-yayla, Chatyr-Dag-yayla with peaks: Roman-Kosh (1545 m), Bolshaya Chuchel
(1387 m), Chernaya (1311 m). In the central part of the reserve many
Crimean rivers - Alma, Kacha, Tavelchuk, Kosse, Marta, UluUzen, Avunda, Derekoyka, Donga. There are about 300 mountain springs and
springs, among which the most famous is Savlukh-Su, thanks to its healing,
silver ions, water.

The Crimean Nature Reserve is distinguished by its rich vegetation. More than
1200 plant species of which 29 species are included in the European Red List
(Eremur Crimean, Crimean cotoneaster, Sobolevsky
Siberian, Dzevanovsky's thyme, purple and red-headed lagozeris, prangos
tripartite), and another 9 species are protected by the Berne Convention. 100 types
plants and mushrooms growing in the reserve are listed in the Red Book of Russia. TO
These include the leafless beetroot, large astrantia, white flower
summer, Pallas's larkspur, etc.

The rivers and ponds of the reserve are inhabited by 6
fish species such as brook trout,
endemic Crimean barbel, chub.
Least represented in
amphibian reserve - there are only 4 of them
species: green toad, tree frogs
and lake and crested newt.

Birds are the most visible and frequently encountered vertebrates. Total in
In the reserve in the mountain-forest part, 160 species of birds have been recorded in all seasons of the year.
Birds from the Red Book nest here: short-tailed snake eagle, black stork, imperial eagle, black
vulture, griffon vulture, saker falcon, peregrine falcon, spotted rock thrush.

Among the common nesting species -
spotted woodpecker, black-headed warbler, warbler, robin, blackbird, blackbird,
finch, the most numerous bird
Crimean forests, and many others. IN
redheads nest in pine forests and
yellow-headed kinglets are the smallest
birds of Europe, siskins and common
crossbills. On the yayls there are skylarks,
quail, spotted rock thrush, most
cautious, mysterious and beautiful bird
reserve, one of the best singers.

The reserve is home to the largest population of the Crimean subspecies of deer in Crimea
noble. In addition, in the forests of the reserve there are roe deer,
wild boar, mouflon. Among small mammals, the hedgehog is often found.
Ubiquitous red fox(occasionally silver browns are found
copies). Badgers and weasels live in the forests.

The reserve maintains the number of wild animals at
optimal level ensuring ecological balance of natural
environment. In addition to environmental protection, the Crimean Nature Reserve conducts
research work. According to the program “Chronicle of Nature”
are being researched natural processes in the forests, observations are carried out
rare species of plants and animals, human impact is analyzed
on the environment.
Another function of the reserve is
educational work. When driving
reserve in Alushta, a Museum was created
nature and dendrozoo with an aviary
keeping animals. Excursionists
introduce typical and unique
mountain-forest natural complexes,
rare species of plants and animals. On
territory of the reserve itself for
organized visit
recreational areas and three
environmental and educational routes.

List of information sources:

https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krymsky_pr
Herodny_reserve
https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/SavlukhSu_(spring)
http://zapovednik-crimea.udprfcrimea.com/information/
http://aipetri.info/southern-coast of Crimea/alushta/nature-museum of the Crimean-reserve
Images:
https://go.mail.ru/search_images

Song by A. Pugacheva.

1 slide.

Student 1. 2017 in Russia has been declared the year of ecology.

2 slide. Slide 3 Student 2. LAW OF THE REPUBLIC OF CRIMEA About specially protected natural areas Republic of Crimea adopted by the State Council Republic of Crimea October 22, 2014. This Law regulates relations in the field of organization, protection and use of specially protected natural areas of the Republic of Crimea in order to preserve unique and typical natural complexes and objects, remarkable natural formations, objects of flora and fauna, their genetic fund, studying natural processes in the biosphere and monitoring changes in its condition, environmental education population

4 slide. Student 1. Included in the list of protected areas of Crimea, which are managed by the Office of Specially Protected natural areas Republic of Crimea, included more than 50 unique natural objects peninsula: Natural Park"Kalinovsky" (12,000 hectares); State Nature Reserve “Lake Chokrak”; State Nature Reserve “Weeping Rock” (21.7 hectares); Natural monument “Suvorov Oak”; State nature reserve “Plot of steppe near the village. Klepinino" (3 hectares) and others.

5 slide . Student 1 . A unique section of the steppe, like the botanical reserve “Virgin Steppe”, is located in the center of Crimea. This territory was left to monitor the existing plant steppe communities and to determine the prospects for the development of these communities in the future.
6 slide Student 2 . The reserve was created for the purpose of protection, conservation of valuable natural complexes and objects, their rational use and renewal.

Slide 7 Student 1.
A section of steppe near the village of Klepinino in the Republic of Crimea has been withdrawn from agricultural use since 1952. Scientists compare the state of vegetation in this reference area “Virgin Steppe” with the vegetation of farmland cultivated by humans, draw conclusions about the degree of influence of anthropogenic factors on plant communities peninsula. In addition, observations concern the soil cover of these places.

Slide 8. Student 2. Crying rock one of the most beautiful and mesmerizing sightsCrimea - landscape reserve of national importance in the river valley in the territory Simferopol district . Created . Area - 21.7 hectares. The legend says that it is nature that is crying, mourning for the missing deer that once walked in these places.

Slide 9. Student 1. The rock, reminiscent of a layer cake, is all dotted with karst cracks, from which water constantly oozes. It seems as if she is crying real tears, hence the telling name of this object.

Drops of water, rolling down the rock, gather together and flow down in thin streams into a pond filled with clear water, which remains crystal clear and icy even in hot weather.

Student 2. This corner of wild Crimean nature surprises with its amazing pristine beauty and naturalness, and the phenomenon of the Weeping Rock delights and amazes the imagination. Once you see these “tears” with your own eyes, the indelible impressions will stay with you for the rest of your life.

Slide 10. Student 1. "Suvorov Oak" near Belogorsk, under the mountain in the river valley Biyuk-Karasu is a classic memorial tree of Crimea.

Slide 11. Student 2. The age of this patriarch of the Crimean forest exceeds 700 years, its height reaches 18 meters, the girth of the trunk at the base is 12 meters. To hug a tree, you need at least ten people, which tourists test with delight. Looking at him, you understand why they say: “strong as an oak.” It’s hard to even imagine that such trees once formed floodplain oak forests.
Due to its uniqueness, the oak received the status of a natural monument of local significance and is officially known under the name Suvorovsky.
As the legend says, it was under this oak tree that Alexander Vasilyevich Suvorov negotiated with the envoy Turkish Sultan in March 1777. This is evidenced by a shield installed nearby. It is quite possible that the tree was preserved thanks to the great commander, who was revered in Soviet times.

Slide 12.

Student 1. Lake Chokrak is perhaps the most mysterious, mysterious and unexpectedly interesting area in Crimea. Nevertheless, most tourists bypass it, preferring the more popular resorts of the South Coast. Lake Chokrak is often called a generous gift from planet Earth. All thanks to its unique healing factors, which include valuable mud and mineral springs.

Student 2. The total area of ​​Chokrak Lake is almost 9 square kilometers. However, the most great depth it does not exceed 1.5 meters. The shores of the lake are rocky, deserted and very picturesque. Lake Chokrak is located in close proximity to Sea of ​​Azov, it is separated from its water area by a narrow sandy bridge

Slide 13.

Student 1. In Crimea there is a large number of natural parks, reserves and reserves. The Kalinovsky Landscape Park is not difficult to find. It is enough, having entered Crimea, turn near Sivash towards Dzhankoy and get to the village of Transparent. Here, through the efforts of local residents, a park of regional significance was created. When creating the Kalinovsky Park, one goal was pursued - the protection and preservation of the wetlands of this Crimean region.

Student 2. The area of ​​the park is 12 thousand hectares. On the territory of the park there are several types of natural steppes of Crimea. These types of steppes in the landscape park are the standards of vegetation of the steppe Crimea. About 150 species of birds live here. And another 60 species are observed as seasonal.

Teaching 1. Thank you for your attention.

Anthem of Environmentalists.

2. Natural Park “Karalarsky” (6806 hectares);

3. Natural park “Aeronautical complex “Uzun-Syrt mountain Klementyeva” (840 hectares);

4. Natural Park “White Rock” (2256 hectares);

5. State natural reserve “Dzhangul landslide coast” (100 hectares); 6.

7. State nature reserve “Plot of steppe near the village. Sunny" (5 hectares);

8. State nature reserve “Virgin Steppe near the village of Grigoryevka” (208 hectares);

9. State natural reserve “Sasyk” (5000 hectares);

10. State nature reserve “Osovinskaya Steppe” (3472 hectares);

11. State nature reserve “Steppe area near the village. Shkolnoye" (224 hectares);

12. State nature reserve “Dolgorukovskaya yayla” (2130 hectares);

13.

14. State nature reserve “Pozharsky” (20 hectares);

15. State nature reserve “Prisivashsky” (1000 hectares);

16. State natural reserve “Tepe-Oba Mountain Massif” (1200 hectares);

17. State natural reserve “Arabatsky” (600 hectares); 1

8. State nature reserve “Lake Chokrak” (1000 hectares);

19. State natural reserve “Astana Plavni” (50 hectares);

20. Natural monument “Coastal aquatic complex near the Karaul-Oba mountain range” (90 hectares); 21. Natural monument “Coastal aquatic complex near Mount Ayu-Dag” (150 hectares); 22. Natural monument “Coastal aquatic complex between the village. New World and the city of Sudak" (120 hectares); 23. Natural monument “Coastal aquatic complex at Cape Chauda” (90 hectares); 24. Natural monument “Coastal aquatic complex at Cape Karangat” (150 hectares); 25. Natural monument “Coastal aquatic complex at Cape Khroni” (180 hectares); 26. Natural monument “Coastal aquatic complex at the Arabat Spit” (150 hectares); 27. Natural monument “Coastal aquatic complex near the Dzhangul landslide coast” (180 hectares); 28. Natural monument “Coastal aquatic complex at the Diva rock and Mount Koshka” (60 hectares); 29. Natural monument “Coastal aquatic complex at Cape Ai-Todor” (120 hectares); 30. Natural monument “Coastal aquatic complex at Cape Plaka” (60 hectares); 31. Natural monument “Coastal aquatic complex in the village. Solnechnogorskoe and village Malorechenskoye" (60 hectares); 32. Natural monument “Coastal area in the village. Nikolaevka" (5 hectares); 33. Natural monument “Table Mountain-remnant of Tepe-Kermen” (5 hectares); 34. Natural monument “Bakla” (5 hectares); 35. Natural monument “Sheludivaya remnant mountain” (5 hectares); 36. Natural monument “Rocks-islands of Adalary” (1 ha); 37. Natural monument “Mount Frog” (5 hectares); 38. Natural monument “Iphigenia Rock” (9 hectares); 39. Natural monument “Mount Bolgatura” tract (1.9 hectares); 40. Natural monument “Meganom Peninsula” (651,591 hectares); 41 (0.09 ha); 42. Natural monument “Red Stone” (2 hectares); 43. Natural monument “Belbek Canyon” (100 hectares); 44. Natural monument “Mount Ak-Kaya” (30 hectares); 45. Natural monument “Mount Cat” (50 hectares); 46. ​​Natural monument “Mountain-remnant “Mangup-Kale” (90 hectares); 47. Natural monument “Jau-Tepe Hill” (10 hectares); 48. Landscape and recreational park “Donuzlav” (2335 hectares); 49. Landscape and recreational park “Cape Takil” (850 hectares); 50. Landscape and recreational park “Atlesh” (260 hectares); 51. Landscape and recreational park “Quiet Bay” (1508 hectares); 52. Landscape and recreational park “Fox Bay - Echki-Dag” (1561 hectares); 53. Reserved tract “Bolshoi Kastel Beam” (20 hectares).

General information:
The rock became a state nature reserve on February 13, 1989. In a protected area natural object, hunting is temporarily prohibited and plants are under special protection. “Weeping Rock” is located in the gorge of the Western Bulganak river and occupies an area of ​​21.7 hectares. Belongs to the fourth category International Union nature conservation. The height of the block is approximately 9 meters. And the length is 110 meters.

The origin of the name “Weeping Rock”, according to one version, symbolizes grief for animals mercilessly killed by humans. Once upon a time, a large number of deer lived in the area of ​​Simferopol. But hunters showed an unbridled interest in hunting these animals. One by one the deer died, and when the last one died, the rock began to shed tears. The task of the reserve is to leave it in its original and untouched form. this area.

The reserve is popular today tourist place and am glad to welcome everyone. The light flickering in the morning or evening on the slopes of the Crimean rock, along which droplets of running water roll into the pond, will not leave any guest indifferent. Here you can take stunning photographs both professionally and for your home collection.

Suvorov oak (Belogorsky district)

“Suvorov Oak” near Belogorsk, under the mountain in the river valley. Biyuk-Karasu is a classic memorial tree of Crimea.

The Suvorov oak, a monument of living nature, a witness to historical events of eight centuries, majestically spread its branches in a wide field in that sacred place of the mountainous Crimea, where the steppes meet the mountain peaks. It was here that the most important events took place in the second half of the 18th century. historical events, which forever changed the fate of Crimea, after which the peninsula became part of Russian Empire. Since then, the oak tree has been called Suvorovsky in honor of the main hero of the Russian victory.

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Reserves of Crimea

project "Ecological trail"

4th – A grade students

Mikhailovskaya school

Republic of Crimea

2014-2015 academic year year

Teacher: Shishchenko V.V.

Kazantip Nature Reserve

• Formed on May 12, 1998.
• In total, there are 541 species of vascular plants on Kazantip, constituting 40% of the flora of the lowland Crimea and 60% of the flora of the Kerch Peninsula. Of these, 25 species are listed in the Red Book.
• The fauna of the reserve includes 188 species of vertebrates and more than 450 species of invertebrate animals. 35 species of animals are listed in the Red Book

Karadag Nature Reserve

• The reserve was created on August 9, 1979
• The vegetation of the reserve is distinguished by its species richness. The flora of Kara-Dag has more than 2,500 species
• The fauna of the reserve is no less rich than the flora and has 5,300 species.

Crimean Nature Reserve

• The Crimean Nature Reserve is one of the oldest in Crimea. The beginning of the conservation of the territory is considered to be in 1913.
• A branch of the Lebyazhy Islands Nature Reserve was created in 1949
• The Crimean Nature Reserve is distinguished by its rich vegetation. More than 1,200 plant species grow here, of which 29 species are included in the European Red List, and another 9 species are protected by the Berne Convention.
• The reserve is home to more than 200 species of vertebrate animals.

30 animal species are included in the European Red List,

52 species in the Red Book of Ukraine

Cape Martyan Nature Reserve

• Was organized on February 20, 1973
• In general, more than 200 species of marine animals are found in the reserve’s waters.
• The main value of the reserve and the main objective its creation is a relict grove of tall juniper.
• In total, the flora of the reserve includes about 540 plant species,

of which 38 are included in the Red Book.

• The fauna of the reserve includes 1,100 species of animals.

Opuk Nature Reserve

• Founded 1998
• The main goal is to preserve the biological and landscape diversity of Opuka and its coastal zone.
• The region is diverse with a variety of flora and fauna. 32 species of the reserve's fauna are listed in the Red Book

Yalta Mountain Forest Reserve

• Created on February 20, 1973 on the basis of the Yalta forestry enterprise
• In total, about 1363 species of vascular plants grow in the reserve, which is 65% of the species Mountain Crimea. In addition, the flora of the reserve includes 78 species rare plants listed in the Red Book
• The vertebrate fauna of the reserve is much less rich. The largest number of bird species live here - 150

imperial hunts. At that time, a huntsman service was organized for the royal hunting reserve, and on Mount Bolshaya Chuchel, forest areas were allocated to demonstrate animals brought to the Crimea - Caucasian deer, Dagestan aurochs and bezoar goats, Corsican mouflons, bison. With the advent of Soviet power in Crimea, in 1923, a reserve with an area of ​​about 23 thousand hectares was created on the site of the royal reserve; a weather station and a laboratory appeared here in which scientists conduct their research. During the Great Patriotic War The reserve was severely damaged by fires, the bison were completely destroyed and almost the entire population of deer, roe deer and other large animals perished. In 1957, the reserve was turned into the Crimean State Game Reserve. During the times of Soviet leaders N.S. Khrushchev and L.I. Brezhnev, the former reserve turned into a hunting ground for high-ranking officials not only from the USSR, but also from other countries. The status of the reserve was returned to this territory only in June 1991 by a resolution of the Council of Ministers of the Ukrainian SSR. Currently, it is one of the largest, most interesting and important environmental institutions in Russia.