Presentation on the topic Andrei Platonovich Platonov. Platonov – front-line correspondent
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Biography The life of Andrei Platonov was short and difficult, and fame came to him only after his death. V. Vasiliev said about this writer: “The reader missed Andrei Platonov during his lifetime in order to get to know him in the 60s and rediscover him in our time.” Birthdays are usually celebrated on September 1st. He changed his last name in the 1920s, forming it on behalf of his father, Platon Firsovich Klimentov, a mechanic at railway workshops in the Yamskaya settlement of Voronezh. Andrei studied first at a parochial school, then at a city school, and began working at the age of thirteen. “We had a family... of 10 people, and I am the eldest son - the only worker, except for my father. My father... could not feed such a horde,” he later wrote in his memoirs.
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In 1931-1935, Andrei Platonov worked as an engineer at the People's Commissariat of Heavy Industry and continued to write. The play “High Voltage”, the story “The Juvenile Sea” (1931), and the unfinished novel “Happy Moscow” (1933-1934) about the fate of a girl named Moscow, a beauty who considers herself happy, became crippled when she ended up working on the construction of the metro, appeared. In 1934, the writer and a group of colleagues traveled to Turkmenistan. After this trip, the story “Dzhan”, the story “Takyr”, the article “On the First Socialist Tragedy”, etc. appeared. In 1936-1941, Platonov appeared in print mainly as a literary critic. Under various pseudonyms, he publishes in the magazines "Literary Critic", "Literary Review", etc. He works on the novel "Journey from Moscow to St. Petersburg" (his manuscript was lost at the beginning of the war), writes children's plays "Granny's Hut", "Kind Titus", "Step Daughter". With the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, the writer and his family were evacuated to Ufa, where a collection of his war stories “Under the Skies of the Motherland” was published. In 1942, he volunteered to go to the front as a private, but soon became a military journalist, front-line correspondent for Red Star. Platonov falls ill with tuberculosis, but does not leave the service until 1946. During the war, his story “Spiritualized People” was published three times as a separate publication, and three more collections of prose were published: “Stories about the Motherland”, “Armor” (1943), “Towards the Sunset” (1945). At the end of 1946, one of Platonov’s best stories, “The Return,” was published, which significantly influenced the writer’s fate. In it, the author, using the example of “Ivanov’s family” (this is the original title), explored the changes that took place in people’s lives in the post-war period. This story was considered slanderous without any reason and put an end to the writer’s lifetime publications. At the end of the 1940s, deprived of the opportunity to earn a living through literary work, the writer was engaged in processing Russian and Bashkir fairy tales, which were published in some children's magazines.
Father is a locomotive driver,
locksmith Andrey inherited from his father
love for technology and “sweaty work”,
admiration for the poetry of steam locomotives
and other machines and craftsmanship
handicraft man,
from his mother, “the daughter of a watchmaker”,
a deeply religious woman, -
understanding the Russian soul
Orthodox people, tall
Christian idealism
world relations.
Platonov studied
at the parochial school
and city school.
As the eldest in a family of 11 children,
at the age of 14 he began working as a delivery boy,
foundry worker at a pipe factory,
assistant driver.
As a teenager he began to write poetry,
which were published after the revolution
in the Voronezh press. In 1918, he again went to study at the Voronezh Polytechnic.
But her studies were interrupted by Civil
the war he went to
in 1919. After graduating from Civil
war Andrei Platonov entered
to the Polytechnic Institute.
After his graduation in 1926
he works as a provincial
land reclamation manager, works manager
on rural electrification
economy, but does not part with
literary activity. Book by Andrey Platonov, collection
"Deep Blue", was composed of
its pre-revolutionary and
post-revolutionary poems.
However, the writer's talent is fully
nevertheless manifested itself in prose.
After he moved to Moscow
in 1927 the book was published,
collection of stories "Epiphanian Gateways",
with which his career began as
professional writer. In it
works were collected in different
time published in newspapers and magazines. In the autumn of 1929 - “the year
great turning point" -
Platonov travels a lot around
state farms and collective farms of the Middle
Russia as a business traveler
from the People's Commissariat of Agriculture.
Applies to this time
starting work on the story
"Pit". Tale
"Pit"
and play
"Hurdy Organ",
completed
spring 1930,
in life
writer
published
were not. From trips to collective farms
Volga region and North Caucasus
(business trips from the People's Commissariat
agriculture) Platonov brings
merciless material for
story “The Juvenile Sea”
(Sea of Youth)."
The story “The Juvenile Sea”
"Bread and Reading" completed
were there in 1932. First book after 1929
Platonov - collection of stories “River
Potudan" - was published
in 1937. It included such
classical works,
like "Fro", "July Thunderstorm",
"In a beautiful and furious world."
The appearance of this book coincided with
culmination of political processes
30s, and Platonov, how ideologically
unreliable writer, fell under
the sights of literary criticism.
At the end of 1929 - beginning of 1930, Platonov wrote the story “The Pit”. The publication of “The Pit” - the writer’s crowning work - could not have happened
and speeches.The writer was hit with a barrage of criticism. April 29, 1938 was slandered
arrested and convicted under Section 58,
"political" article
Platonov's only son, 15-year-old schoolboy Platon. He was
released from the camp (thanks to
with the assistance of Mikhail
Alexandrovich Sholokhov, friend
writer's family) only in 1941,
terminally ill,
and died 2 years later. Since 1938 Platonov has been collaborating with
children's literature publishing house;
in 1939 the book “July
storm". In 1939-41 articles and reviews
Platonov are regularly published in
magazine "Children's Literature". For
Central Children's Theater Platonov
writes plays and scripts (“Izbushka”
grandmothers", "Good Titus", "Native
daughter”, etc.), however, none of the plays
was staged during the writer's lifetime. From October 1942 until the end of the war
Platonov - front-line correspondent
newspaper "Red Star". During this time
4 books of his military were published
prose: “Spiritualized People” (1942),
"Stories about the Motherland" (1943),
"Armor" (1943), "Towards Sunset"
sun" (1945). His essays and stories
with the constant signature “Current
Army" were constantly published on
pages of "Red Star" and
"Red Army Soldier". Platonov's book was not censored in 1943
"About the Living and the Dead"
in 1946 - book
"Entire life".
Platonov's stories are coming back again
to him from the editorial offices of magazines with a resolution
“The story won’t work.”
The writer's attempts ended in failure
renew creative contact with
Central Children's Theater, for
whom he wrote a play about Pushkin
"Student of the Lyceum." The only thread of communication
Platonov with literary life remain
children's newspapers and magazines. At the end of 1946, one was printed
from Platonov's best stories -
"Return" which is essential
influenced the fate of the writer. In him
the author using the example of “Ivanov’s family”
(this is the original name
story) explored those changes
that happened in people's lives
post-war time. This story was
recognized without any reason
slanderous and put an end to
lifetime publications of the writer. Unable to print
original works, writer
in the last years of his life, being
seriously ill, worked on
adaptations of folk tales.
The result of this work was
published with the support of Mikhail
Alexandrovich Sholokhov books
Russian fairy tales
“Finist - Clear Falcon” (1947) and
"The Magic Ring" (1949), also
"Bashkir folk tales" (1947).
In these books, the writer teaches us to look at the world with love and treat each other kindly.
Despite illness and poverty,the last years of the writer's life
continues to work hard and hard.
The main characters of the works -
"spiritualized people"
inherent calm dignity,
perseverance, initiative.
The writer’s favorite motives are:
“light of life” and “memory of the heart”,
so necessary for a person to
moral maturation and
improvement. The writer's last work
mystery play "Noah's Ark"
remained unfinished.
His partial return to
to the reader took place only at the end
1950s, and the opportunity
discover the wonderful world of it
works entirely to us
introduced myself just recently -
since the late 1980s. Platonov's stories now
you can not only read,
but also listen. Family
Platonov:
- wife – Maria
Alexandrovna,
- son Plato,
- daughter Maria. Platonov died of tuberculosis
which he contracted while caring for
son, January 5, 1951 in Moscow,
buried next to his son
Armenian cemetery.
A street in the city bears the name of the writer.
Voronezh, a monument has been erected.
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Andrei Platonovich PLATONOV Andrei Platonov had everything - outstanding talent, extensive education, knowledge of life, high ideological commitment. Andrei Platonov was a writer of difficult fate. Lev Slavin
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Nobel laureate Joseph Brodsky called Andrei Platonov (along with Proust, Kafka, Musil, Faulkner and Beckett) one of the most remarkable writers of the past century. A.I. Solzhenitsyn expressed his admiration for Platonov much more simply, but no less convincingly: if he had to go on a long journey with one single book, then that book would be “The Pit.” His life was short and difficult, and fame came only after death.
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PLATONOV ANDREY PLATONOVICH (real name Klimentov) (1899-1951) - prose writer, publicist, critic. Born into the family of a mechanic at railway workshops. He studied at a parochial school, then at a college. As a teenager, he wrote poems, which were published in newspapers and magazines after the revolution. At the same time he acted as a prose writer, critic, and publicist. Participant in the Civil War. Graduated from the Voronezh Polytechnic Institute (1924).
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In 1921, the first poems were published, in the same year Platonov’s first journalistic book “Electrification” was published, in 1922 - a book of poems “Blue Depth”. In 1927 he moved to Moscow, where in the same year his first collection of short stories, Epiphanian Gateways, was published, which brought him fame. In 1928, two more books by Platonov appeared - “Meadow Masters” and “The Hidden Man”. Since 1926, he has been working on a great novel about the revolution - “Chevengur”. Since 1928, he has actively collaborated in magazines.
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Platonov - a poet, publicist, prose writer - is characterized by a complex, tragically intense perception of man and nature, man and other people. Revolution, in the writer’s understanding, is a deeply popular, organic and creative process that brings reason and beauty into a person’s relationship with the “beautiful and furious world.” The writer and his heroes, like everyone who “learned to think during the revolution,” are concerned with philosophical questions. Platonov sees the world through the eyes of a working person, painfully and intensely comprehending his life, his place in it, his relationships with nature (in work, in creativity, in the creation of machines with the help of which man conquers the elemental forces of nature).
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A new poetics emerges, in which the writer’s artistic vision is realized: a new hero, most often a worker, an artisan, reflecting on his craft, on the meaning of life; extraordinary vocabulary and style. The “incorrect” flexibility of Platonov’s language, his wonderful “tongue-tiedness,” the roughness of phrases, the special “straightening” that is so characteristic of folk speech - all this is a kind of thinking out loud, when a thought is just being born, arises, and is “measured” to reality.
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In 1926, Platonov wrote the satirical story “City of Grads”, in 1929 - the stories “State Resident” and “Doubting Makar”, in 1931 - the story “For Future Use”. Critics considered Platonov's satire inappropriate and even harmful. They almost stopped printing it. But he continues to work. He writes the story “Garbage Wind”, the stories “The Pit”, “The Juvenile Sea”, tries his hand at dramaturgy (“High Voltage”, “Pushkin at the Lyceum”). In 1936, Platonov began collaborating in the magazines “Literary Critic” and “Literary Review” (under the pseudonyms F. Chelovekov, A. Firsov, under his real name - Klimentov). His critical articles, reviews and two stories “Immortality” and “Fro” are published here. In 1937, the book “The Potudan River” was published.
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From October 1942 until the end of the war, Platonov, as a special correspondent for the Krasnaya Zvezda newspaper, was on the fronts of the Patriotic War. His correspondence and stories are published in newspapers and magazines and published in separate collections. In the last years of his life, the writer, despite a serious illness, worked a lot: he wrote film scripts, stories, and adapted folk tales.
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The reorganization of life is the central theme of the story “The Pit” (1930, published in 1969 in Germany, in 1987 in the USSR), the action of which takes place during the first five-year plan. The “common proletarian house”, the foundation pit for which the heroes of the story are digging, is a symbol of communist utopia, “earthly paradise”. The pit becomes the grave for the girl Nastya, symbolizing the future of Russia in the story. The construction of socialism evokes associations with the biblical story of the construction of the Tower of Babel.
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“The Pit” is a story by A. Platonov, dedicated to the beginning of the construction of a new, unprecedented House of bright and high human relations. This House is “that single building where the entire local class of the proletariat will go to settle.” A. Platonov dwells on the very beginning of construction - on the earthworks that ensure the success of the building: for the house to be strong, the foundation pit must be reliable.
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The heroes of the story want to build not a simple, but a “common proletarian house.” The foundation pit plays the role of a connecting link in the story between human destinies and the fate of the Fatherland. The foundation pit appears before us as a means that helps reveal the essence of each individual builder. During this process (digging a pit), each of those taking part in it thinks about the meaning of life, hopes that he did not live his life in vain, but gave it all for a common cause - the construction of a “common proletarian house.”
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But, on the other hand, a pit is a grave that everyone, without knowing it, digs for himself and for everyone. The pit is a mass grave. An example of this is the death of Nastya and her final refuge. You can give more names for whom the foundation pit became a grave: Safronov and Kozlov, an activist. The image of Nastya carries a huge semantic load. With her death, the Future, its young particle, dies. And this is a catastrophe on a universal scale, since many of the builders, when building the house, never thought about themselves - the house was built “for the masses,” but not for themselves, and with the death of Nastya, all these masses were suddenly left without a future...
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The image of a pit hides an incredible number of meanings, so it can rightfully be called symbolic. Each reader identifies new facets in this image that are close and interesting to him. What is a pit? The foundation pit is the beginning of the construction of the future, the promise of happiness, the grave, the illusion of the meaning of existence, the border of life and death, the place where people dig, burying themselves, emptiness, nothingness, nonsense, because who needs it if the house is never built , a temporary refuge that suddenly turns out to be permanent, a funnel that sucks everything into itself, an attempt to penetrate the secrets of existence, a way to lose yourself in work (it’s not always time to drink),
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Only a few characters in the story have names: Nastya, Elisha, Nikita, Chiklin, hammerman Mikhail. The rest go without names. So will these people, mostly nameless, be able to complete the construction of the foundation pit and build a bright House? Do they have enough strength not only for the external, but also for the internal structure, for the “spiritual equipment” of the future?
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The meaning of the title of the story lies in these questions, where the author reflects that everything good, kind, bright - everything that was achieved and accumulated by the best people of the Russian state - was thrown into a dirty pit and trampled into the mud by people who, for the most part, do nothing understand what is called “bright and high human relationships.” A. Platonov perspicaciously saw that only one main person will have the right to exist, and if there is only one main person, then all the others will inevitably become depersonalized. That is why the heroes of the story have almost no names. Conceived as a building for an eternal happy population, as a building for a person, it crushed a person under itself, turning him into a means, a material. And “Pit” today sounds not only as a reminder of the past, but also as a warning about the future. He poses questions that now take on special meaning for us. Andrei Platonov makes you remember the most important, original, fundamental.
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Features of A. Platonov’s artistic language Platonov’s “Strange Tongue” is an artistically justified way of depicting the utopian world. “Inexplicable language” is the result of a shift in normative lexical and syntactic relations. Platonov deliberately constructs his statement according to the same laws by which party propaganda and slogans are created. The language itself is a model of the fantastic reality in which the characters live and which we call Platonov’s artistic world.
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The study of the image of the road in the story also promises interesting observations. Platonov's hero is a wanderer who goes in search of the truth and meaning of universal existence. Conventional logic dictates that if a work begins on the road, then the plot will be the journey of the hero, who will visit various corners of space and meet other heroes. These meetings will change something in the hero. In any case, at the end of the work a slightly different person will appear before us. But the space of the story “The Pit” seems to be joking, mocking the hero. It opens up prospects for him, but doesn’t let him go anywhere. Voshchev's movements are zero. The hero circles around the pit, constantly returning to it, without gaining anything new. The hero leaves the point of the pit and returns to the same point. Voshchev’s real path is from a mechanical plant to the site of construction of a common proletarian house. The pit becomes a fat point in his life's path.
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In 1933-1935 After a trip to Turkmenistan, Platonov creates the story “Dzhan”, the hero of which, driven by a Promethean passion to save his people dying in the desert, wants to teach people a happy life in a commune, but fails. The lyrical and social-utopian layers are combined here into a single whole. The brightness of phrases and words, sound design and rhythm make Platonov’s prose of the 1930s expressively rich. In 1937 Platonov manages to publish a collection of short stories, “The Potudan River,” which was subjected to severe criticism. Platonov fell into disgrace again in 1938. Platonov’s only fifteen-year-old son was arrested on a fabricated case.
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From the age of 12, Platonov wrote poetry. In 1918 he began working as a journalist in the Voronezh newspapers Izvestia fortified area, Krasnaya Derevnya, etc. In 1918, Platonov’s poems (“Night”, “Tosca”, etc.) began to be published in the magazine “Iron Path”, and his story “Another ", as well as essays, articles and reviews. From that time on, Platonov became one of the most prominent writers in Voronezh, actively appearing in periodicals, including under pseudonyms (Elp. Baklazhanov, A. Firsov, etc.). In 1920, Platonov joined the RCP (b), but a year later he left the party of his own free will. From the age of 12, Platonov wrote poetry. In 1918 he began working as a journalist in the Voronezh newspapers Izvestia fortified area, Krasnaya Derevnya, etc. In 1918, Platonov’s poems (“Night”, “Tosca”, etc.) began to be published in the magazine “Iron Path”, and his story “Another ", as well as essays, articles and reviews. From that time on, Platonov became one of the most prominent writers in Voronezh, actively appearing in periodicals, including under pseudonyms (Elp. Baklazhanov, A. Firsov, etc.). In 1920, Platonov joined the RCP (b), but a year later he left the party of his own free will.
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Andrei studied first at a parochial school, then at a city school. The future writer began working at the age of 15 to support his family. The young man worked as an assistant driver, foundry worker, and electrical engineer. In 1918, he went to study again - at the Voronezh Polytechnic. But his studies were interrupted by the Civil War, to which he left in 1919. It was then that Platonov began to write. His first book was a collection of essays, “Electrification,” which asserted the idea that “electrification is the same revolution in technology, with the same meaning as October 1917.” Andrei studied first at a parochial school, then at a city school. The future writer began working at the age of 15 to support his family. The young man worked as an assistant driver, foundry worker, and electrical engineer. In 1918, he went to study again - at the Voronezh Polytechnic. But his studies were interrupted by the Civil War, to which he left in 1919. It was then that Platonov began to write. His first book was a collection of essays, “Electrification,” which asserted the idea that “electrification is the same revolution in technology, with the same meaning as October 1917.”
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The presentation of “Platonov” tells the story of the life of the famous writer. It reflects the author's amazing ability to connect global aspects into a single whole. The writer’s fairy tales are studied in elementary school, but more significant works are distinguished by their seriousness and depth of perception, so the program assumes familiarity with Platonov’s life and work in graduate classes.
It is difficult to give detailed information about the poet and writer during the lesson; often the works are only partially touched upon; it is impossible to conduct a deep analysis of stories and tales from different genres. A presentation about Platonov’s biography will help you study the required program and prepare you for passing the literature exam, since a visual presentation of the material has an effective effect on memorization.
Andrei Platonovich Platonov cannot be compared with any other writer, since his style of presentation is unique in its kind. You need to learn to look at your surroundings through his eyes in order to fully immerse yourself in the world he describes. The presentation highlights the necessary accents, this helps students better understand the works.
You can view the slides on the website or download a presentation on the topic “Platonov” in PowerPoint format from the link below.
Biography of Platonov 
Birth 
First poems 
Childhood and adolescence 
Photo 
Collection of essays “Electrification” 
Marriage 
Stop printing 
Photo 
Talent 
About Platonov 
“Fifty years without Platonov” 
Death
