Abstract: Motorized rifle tank battalion and artillery division. How many people are in a company, battalion, platoon, etc.

Battalions are the main combined arms tactical units of brigades, within which they perform various combat missions. Also, according to experts, battalions can act independently. Motorized rifle troops (MSV) are among the most combat-ready. You will find information about the organizational structure of a motorized rifle battalion in this article.

Story

The battalion was introduced into the Russian army as an integral part of the regiment by Peter I. The term “battalion” comes from the word “battles”. Previously, it designated a certain order in the formation of troops. In the 15th century, a battalion began to be called cavalry or infantrymen, who were placed on the battlefield in the form of a closed square. The number of soldiers in the battalion was not constant and varied from 1 to 10 thousand people. In the 17th century, the number was 800-1000 soldiers. One battalion was equipped with 8 or 9 companies.

Over time, new types of weapons appeared, combat missions became more complex and varied - with the use of heavy machine guns, mortars and artillery pieces, as a result of which the battalion structure became more complex. The staff was supplemented by headquarters and units providing combat and logistics support (economic, transport, communications, etc.).

After World War I, the army was replenished with tank, self-propelled artillery, mortar, motorcycle, sapper, engineer, machine-gun and artillery, motorized infantry and other battalions. During the Great Patriotic War, when balancing forces and calculating density, motorized rifle battalions were used as the main unit. The structure and description of such a military formation is given below in the article.

Compound

The regular structure of a motorized rifle battalion is represented by the following combat units:

• Three motorized rifle companies (MSR). It is a tactical unit that primarily operates as part of a motorized rifle brigade (MSB). However, according to military experts, in such areas as reconnaissance and security, a company can act autonomously. In addition, Msr is a fairly effective tactical airborne assault force or a special detachment behind enemy lines.
• One mortar battery.
• One anti-tank platoon.
• Grenade launcher and anti-aircraft missile platoons.

Also in the organizational structure of a motorized rifle battalion there is:

• Medical Center.
• A platoon that provides communications with the command and other military units and formations.
• Support platoon.

In the structure of a motorized rifle battalion, each of the above units performs specific tasks.

About the command

IN organizational structure A motorized rifle battalion is provided with a commander, his deputy in charge of personnel, and a deputy in charge of weapons. The location of the deputy battalion commander is the headquarters, where he holds the position of chief. In addition to him, the headquarters includes a signal commander, a warrant officer and a clerk.

About the structure of a signal platoon

Such a formation has at its disposal two command armored personnel carriers or infantry fighting vehicles, 8 thousand meters of cable and 22 radio stations. The staffing structure of a separate communications battalion of a motorized rifle brigade is presented:

• Squad commander. He is also a senior radiotelephonist-mechanic-driver of an armored personnel carrier or infantry fighting vehicle.
• Two radio sections (with a commander, a senior radio master of the first section and a senior radiotelephone operator of the second).
• The driver of the second vehicle.

In total, the total strength of the communications platoon is 13 military personnel.

About the mortar battery

In the structure of a motorized rifle battalion, such a combat unit is equipped with:

• Battery management. Management is carried out by the commander and his deputy for work with personnel. In addition, the presence of a foreman, a medical instructor and a senior driver is provided.
• A management platoon with an intelligence section and signalmen.
• Two fire platoons, each equipped with four 120mm mortars.

There are 66 people serving in the mortar battery. This military formation has four radio stations, a cable (4 thousand meters), 8 mortars and 8 tractor units. Sometimes the battalion includes self-propelled battery"Nona" mortars. The unit is equipped with two platoons, each of which has Nona-S installations of 4 guns.

According to experts, it was previously planned to use Khosta 2S34 self-propelled howitzers, a modernized version of the Gvozdika 2S1, instead of mortars. On this moment this issue is under consideration by the military leadership.

The task of a mortar battery is to suppress and destroy enemy manpower and its fire weapons, which are located in open positions, trenches and dugouts. Such a formation can operate effectively on areas of up to 4 hectares.

About the grenade launcher platoon

The structure of a motorized rifle battalion has a platoon whose tasks include the destruction of enemy personnel and firepower outside of shelters. The staff includes a platoon commander and his deputy. In addition, a grenade launcher platoon has three squads with their own commanders, two senior gunners, two grenade launchers, armored personnel carrier machine gunners and drivers. The number of personnel is 26 military personnel. The platoon has at its disposal 30 mm AGS-17 grenade launchers (6 units) and infantry fighting vehicles (3 vehicles).

Anti-tank platoon

Due to the fact that this unit stops the advancing enemy by firing its guns, their fire capabilities are taken into account as the main indicator. They are expressed in the number of destroyed enemy objects.

On average, a motorized rifle battalion destroys 130 enemy infantry fighting vehicles and 80 tanks. The figure can increase to 120 tanks and 170 combat vehicles if the SME includes a tank company and a platoon of guided anti-tank missiles. Today Russia has the most modern weapons systems.

About the composition of the battalion on infantry fighting vehicles

About the composition on armored personnel carriers

In the motorized rifle battalion, 539 people serve on armored personnel carriers.

The formation is equipped with 6 9K111 "Fagot" (ATGM "F") and 9 anti-tank missile systems 9K115 "Metis" (ATGM "M").

The personnel on the armored personnel carrier have at their disposal mortars "Vasilek" 2B9 and 2B9M, and three automatic 82-mm mortars. There are also 6 mortars of 82 mm caliber.

Number of vehicles - 43 armored personnel carriers.

About the anti-aircraft missile platoon

Such a formation within the structure of a motorized rifle battalion of the Russian Armed Forces destroys enemy aircraft, helicopters, unmanned aerial vehicles and airborne troops. Range - low to medium altitudes. The platoon includes:

• The platoon commander and his deputy (he also leads the unit).
• Three branches. Each has its own commander, anti-aircraft gunners (2 people), an armored personnel carrier machine gunner, a senior driver and his assistant.

The number of personnel is 16 military personnel. The fighters have at their disposal the Igla or Strela-2M launch systems in the amount of 9 guns. The platoon has three armored personnel carriers.

About the battalion first aid station

To collect the wounded and evacuate them, the structure of the motorized rifle battalion of the Russian Federation provides a medical center. The staff of this unit is represented by the head of the first-aid post (warrant officer), a medical instructor, two orderlies, a senior driver and three driver-orderlies. There are 4 UAZ-469 vehicles and one trailer at our disposal.

About the support platoon

The unit's tasks include maintenance and ongoing repairs of battalion equipment. A support platoon with a staff of 19 people operates under the leadership of a warrant officer (who is also the platoon commander) and his deputy - the squad commander. The platoon structure includes a maintenance department, an automobile department and a utility department.

Over the years, this unit was equipped with reconnaissance and engineer platoons. Today such a composition is not provided. The structure of such a unit is limited only to the following formations:

Finally

In combat conditions, all the forces and means of the most diverse military branches interact. A clear example of this is the complex organizational structure of the MSR and tank units.

"APPROVED"

Head of the military department Colonel

__________ ___V. Matveychuk

"___"______________199

Methodological development was reviewed and discussed at a meeting of the tactical cycle Protocol No. __________ dated

"___"________________199

METHODOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT

in general tactics (BUS 030403 and VUS.030600)

Topic No. 6. ORGANIZATION, ARMAMENT AND COMBAT EQUIPMENT OF A MOTORIZED TANK BATTALION AND ARTILLERY DIVISION

Purpose of the lesson:

Know the organization of a motorized rifle battalion, a tank battalion, an artillery battalion, an anti-tank artillery battalion and the organization of the artillery of a motorized rifle regiment, the tactical and technical characteristics of the main types of weapons;

To instill in students pride and love for their branch of the military, faith in the reliability of military equipment and weapons.

Time: 2 hours

Delivery method: lecture

Material support: diagrams, posters.

Literature: school Tactics (b-on, company), pp. 43-51.

Collection of organizations of Sukhoi units. Troops

ORGANIZATIONAL AND METHODOLOGICAL INSTRUCTIONS

This lecture provides basic data on the organization and armament of a motorized rifle battalion, a tank battalion, an artillery division of an artillery regiment, an anti-tank battalion and the organization and armament of the artillery of a motorized rifle regiment. Begin the lecture with a clear, unhurried announcement of the topic, purpose, and questions so that all students can write them down. The topic of the lecture can be written on the board. Recommended literature will be provided upon completion of the lecture. At the end of the lecture, draw general conclusions and leave 3-5 minutes to answer questions. In case the audience does not have any questions, the teacher should always have the necessary material ready with which he could complete the lecture and summarize. The teacher has the right to postpone answers to questions to the next lecture or consultation.

When answering questions, you should not repeat verbatim the provisions that have already been discussed in the lecture; it is better to give them additional evidence and justification or, depending on the nature of the questions, report new material. The lecture material should be presented with conviction and confidence. During the lecture, continuously maintain contact with the students, observe the audience’s reaction to the material presented. Evaluate how the expressed thoughts reach the consciousness of the students, whether they have time to take notes

During a lecture, the teacher must behave confidently with dignity, but modestly, and not make unnecessary gestures and movements, such as frequently correcting his hair, periodically raising his hand with a watch to his eyes, putting his hands in his pockets, etc. The teacher is obliged to periodically conduct a control survey of students before the start of lectures on the completed part of the theoretical course, if necessary, review the students’ notes and call them for consultation. A well-prepared lecture is the fruit of the lecturer’s extensive teaching work.

Note:

1. For students of BUS 030403 - do not organize an anti-tank artillery division;

2. When describing the organization of a motorized rifle battalion, give the difference between an SME and an armored personnel carrier, as well as the difference between a SME tank battalion and a tank battalion of a tank regiment.

STUDY QUESTIONS AND TIME RECORDING

INTRODUCTION

1. Organization and armament and combat equipment of a motorized rifle battalion

2. Organization and weapons and Combat vehicles tank battalion

3. Organization and armament and military equipment of the artillery division (only for VU 010403)

4. Organization and armament of a separate anti-tank artillery unit

division (only for VUS 030600).

CONCLUSION.

INTRODUCTION

The most important indicator of the combat power of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation is their equipment with all modern means armed struggle, which provide reliable defense of the country.

When addressing issues of improving the country's defense power and the combat readiness of the Armed Forces, the government fully takes into account the political, economic, spiritual and military resources of the state. Currently, the Armed Forces are equipped with the most modern types weapons and military equipment, their organizational structure is constantly improving, military art, theory and practice of training and education of troops are constantly being improved.

Significant impact force represents armored vehicles. Tanks, armored personnel carriers, combat vehicles infantry and other models have reliable bronze protection, powerful rapid-fire weapons, effective devices for navigation and aimed fire, increased mobility, maneuverability and service life. Motorized rifle and tank units have great firepower, which is achieved through the massive equipping of personnel with automatic small arms, various anti-tank systems, and other weapons.

The design features and tactical and technical characteristics of domestic models of military equipment give a clear idea of ​​the level of development of military affairs that has been achieved in modern conditions. They also testify to the amount of requirements that are placed on personnel who have mastered this technique.

It is necessary to know and constantly remember that in armed struggle, technology only determines the possibility of achieving victory. Man turns this possibility into reality.

ORGANIZATION, WEAPONS AND COMBAT EQUIPMENT

MOTORIZED BATTALION ON

Equipped with modern weapons, combat and other equipment, the motorized rifle battalion has powerful fire, high maneuverability, armor protection and resistance to weapons mass destruction enemy; he can march long distances, quickly use the results nuclear strikes, successfully conduct an offensive and hold the occupied area on the defensive in various terrains and in any weather, as well as destroy airborne assault forces, airplanes, helicopters and other low-flying enemy targets. A motorized rifle battalion can be equipped with armored personnel carriers or infantry fighting vehicles. A motorized rifle battalion on an armored personnel carrier consists of:

from battalion control, headquarters

Combat units:

Three motorized rifle companies;

Mortar battery;

Anti-tank platoon;

Grenade launcher platoon;

Anti-aircraft missile platoon.

Service and support divisions:

Communications platoon;

Support platoon;

Battalion medical station

For the teacher:

Show the diagram of the motorized rifle battalion, give time to draw the diagram.

Describe the purpose and composition of the battalion units

The battalion command includes the battalion commander, his deputy for personnel affairs and his deputy for weapons.

The battalion headquarters includes the chief of staff, who is also the deputy battalion commander, the battalion communications chief, who is also the commander of the communications platoon, a chemical instructor (warrant officer) and a clerk.

The communications platoon is designed to organize radio and wire communications in battalion units.

The communications platoon consists of a command armored personnel carrier (the squad commander is also a senior radiotelephonist, an armored personnel carrier driver) and two radio squads, each consisting of a squad commander, a senior radio master of a low-power radio station in the first squad and a senior radiotelephone operator in the second squad, an armored personnel carrier driver-electrician in the first squad and the driver of an armored personnel carrier in the second compartment.

In total, the communications platoon has 13 personnel, 1 command armored personnel carriers, 2 wheeled armored personnel carriers, 22 radio stations, and 8 km of cable.

A motorized rifle company is a tactical unit that performs tasks, as a rule, as part of a SME, but can also perform tasks independently in reconnaissance and security, as a tactical airborne assault force or a special detachment behind enemy lines.

A motorized rifle company on an armored personnel carrier consists of a company command, three motorized rifle platoons (each with three motorized rifle squads) and an anti-tank machine gun platoon, consisting of an anti-tank guided missile (ATGM) squad and a machine gun squad. The company has 9 RPG-7s.

A mortar battery is a fire and tactical artillery unit. The battery is designed to suppress and destroy manpower and fire weapons located openly, in trenches and dugouts, on the reverse slopes of heights and ravines. Depending on the nature of the target, the duration of fire and the consumption of shells, it can suppress manpower in an area of ​​2-4 hectares and conduct barrage fire at a front of up to 400 m.

A mortar battery consists of: a battery command (battery commander, political deputy, sergeant major, medical instructor, senior driver), a control platoon (platoon commander, reconnaissance department, communications department), two fire platoons (each with four 120 mm mortars) . In total, the mortar battery contains: personnel - 66 people, radio stations - 4, mortars - 8, tractor units - 8, cables - 4 km.

Anti-tank platoon - an artillery fire unit designed to destroy tanks and other armored vehicles enemy. It can also be used to destroy other enemy fire weapons, including those located in fortifications.

An anti-tank platoon consists of a platoon command (platoon commander, deputy platoon commander, 2 armored personnel carrier machine gun gunners, senior armored personnel carrier driver, armored personnel carrier driver), three ATGM squads and three grenade launcher squads

An ATGM squad consists of a squad commander (also a senior operator), a senior operator, two operators, a BRT machine gunner, a senior BTR driver and a driver. Launch complexes 9K111-2, armored personnel carrier.

The grenade launcher squad consists of a squad commander, a grenade launcher commander, a grenade launcher gunner, and two gun numbers. SPG-9M-1 grenade launchers.

In total, the anti-tank platoon has 42 personnel, 9K11-6 ATGM launchers, 3 SPG-9M grenade launchers, and 5 armored personnel carriers.

Grenade launcher platoon - powerful fire weapon motorized rifle battalion. Designed to destroy enemy personnel and fire weapons located outside shelters, in open trenches (trenches) and behind folds of terrain.

A grenade launcher platoon consists of a platoon commander, a deputy platoon commander, those squads (in each squad commander, 2 senior grenade launcher gunners, 2 grenade launcher gunners, an armored personnel carrier machine gunner, a senior driver or driver).

In total, the platoon of personnel - 26 people, 30-mm automatic grenade launchers AGS-17-6, armored personnel carriers - 3.

The anti-aircraft missile platoon is designed to destroy enemy aircraft, helicopters, unmanned vehicles and airborne assault forces at low and medium altitudes.

A platoon consists of a platoon commander, a deputy platoon commander (also known as a squad leader), three squads (each with a squad commander, 2 anti-aircraft gunners, an armored personnel carrier machine gunner, a senior armored personnel carrier driver and a driver).

In total, the platoon of personnel is 16 people, launchers 9P 58M "Strela-2" -9, BTR-3.

The battalion medical center is designed to collect the wounded in the battalion and evacuate them, as well as to provide medical care. The platoon consists of the head of the medical post (warrant officer), a medical instructor, 2 orderlies, a senior driver, and 3 driver-orderlies.

In total there are: personnel - 8 people, wheeled conveyors - 3, ambulance, trailer 1-AP-1.5.

The support platoon is designed for uninterrupted logistics support, maintenance of routine repairs of the battalion’s combat and transport equipment,

A platoon consists of a platoon commander (warrant officer) and a deputy platoon commander (also known as squad commander), from the squad Maintenance, automobile department, economic department.

The maintenance department consists of a department commander, a senior auto electrician-battery mechanic, a car mechanic (installer), and a driver-car mechanic.

The department has: personnel - 4 people, a workshop for maintaining MTO-AT-1, ZIL-131, ZIL-157 vehicles under MTO-AT-1.

The automobile squad consists of a squad leader (also deputy platoon commander), 3 senior drivers and 5 drivers. The department has: personnel - 9 people, GAZ-66 trucks for personal belongings and company property - 3; GAZ-66 trucks for kitchens and food - 4; Ural-375 trucks for ammunition - 2. The commander of the automobile department is the deputy commander of the support platoon.

The economic department consists of a department commander, a senior cook and 3 cooks. The department has: personnel - 5 people, trailer kitchens - 4, car trailers 1-AP-1.5, kitchens - 4, portable kitchen KS-75.

In total, there are 19 people in the personnel support platoon, and 10 trucks.

In total, the motorized rifle battalion has 530 personnel on armored personnel carriers, 120-mm mortars - 8, AGS-17 - 6, SPG-9 - 3, ATGM - 15, anti-aircraft launchers "Strela-2" - 9, armored personnel carriers - 49, PK - 9, RPK -27, machine guns - 352, RPG - 33, trucks - 20.

MOTORIZED BATTALION WITH INFANTRY COMBAT VEHICLES (IFV)

Comprises:

Battalion Directorate;

Communications platoon;

Three motorized rifle company;

Mortar battery;

Grenade launcher platoon;

Medical station;

Support platoon.

The organizational structure of a motorized rifle battalion on an infantry fighting vehicle is approximately the same as on an armored personnel carrier, but instead of an armored personnel carrier, the unit is armed with infantry fighting vehicles. A motorized rifle battalion on an infantry fighting vehicle does not have an anti-tank platoon. In addition, in a motorized rifle battalion or company on an infantry fighting vehicle, instead of an anti-tank machine-gun platoon, a machine-gun platoon is included, consisting of two machine-gun sections of three company machine guns each. In total, the company has 110 personnel, BMTN - 12, RPG - 9, machine guns - 63, PK - 6, RPK - 9. In total, the motorized rifle battalion has 498 personnel on infantry fighting vehicles, 120-mm mortars - 8, AGS -17 - 6, Strela-2M anti-aircraft launchers - 9, BMP-1 - 42, BMP-1K - 1, PK - 18, RPK - 27, machine guns - 315, RPG-7-39.

CONCLUSION. Further improvement of weapons and military equipment, the organizational structure of units entailed a change in the nature of combined arms combat and methods of conducting combat operations. Equipping troops with nuclear weapons and other types of new military equipment makes it possible to strike on the move and conduct battle at a high pace.

All this requires commanders and staffs to creatively use techniques and methods for solving combat missions, skillfully organizing and conducting combat.

Motorized rifle battalion, having modern weapons and combat vehicles, is capable of conducting stubborn and lengthy battles, and solving various tactical tasks.

Basic data of infantry fighting vehicles and armored personnel carriers

Indicators	BMP-1	BMP-2	BMP-Z	BTR-70	BTR-80
Crew (landing force), people.
Weapons:
73mm navel "Thunder"
30mm automatic a gun
100mm gun
Machine guns:
7.62mm PKT machine gun
14.5mm PKVT machine gun
	“Baby”	"Bassoon"	Through the barrel of a 100mm cannon along a laser beam
Sighting range
shooting, m.:
73mm guns
30mm cannon (height)
100mm guns
7.62mm PKT machine gun					(ground targets)
14.5mm PKVT machine gun					(ground targets)
					(air targets)
Engine power, l/s
Speed, km/h:
maximum
Cruising range on the highway, km.
		anti-umbilical	bulletproof reinforced	bulletproof	bulletproof

The creation of the BMP-1 began in the late 50s. Subsequently, it served as the basis for a number of special, command and staff, command and other vehicles. One of them, the BMP-1K, was developed in 1972. Its data is the same as that of the BMP-1. In addition to seats for the crew, there are three workstations for officers. The BMP-1K is equipped with VHF radio stations, intercom and communication equipment, and navigation aids.

Since 1976, the BMP-1KSh command and staff vehicle has been mass-produced. It provides seven workstations for officers, one KB radio station, 3 VHF radio stations, equipment for automatic telephone and telegraph conversations, internal communications and communications, as well as telephone sets. There is a set of tank navigation equipment.

The accumulated experience allowed the designers to create a more advanced infantry vehicle, the BMP-2. It went into serial production in 1982 and was developed specifically for use in Afghanistan. It is equipped with a two-plane weapon stabilizer and a combined gunner's sight with dependent field of view stabilization. To enhance the protection of the crew and troops, additional side screens were installed and an armor plate was placed under the commander’s and driver’s workstations.

At the end of the 80s, the BMP-3 was created, taking into account the experience of the war in Afghanistan. It differs sharply from BMP-1, BMP-2. First of all, the layout of the machine has been changed. The BIP-3 has combined armor: the hull and turret are made of aluminum and steel alloys, which allows the crew to be protected from fire from small-caliber and automatic guns, heavy shell fragments and mines. The vehicle is equipped with periscope viewing devices, IR observation and aiming devices in poor visibility conditions. IR spotlights can be used to illuminate the area and targets at night. The low-profile turret has 100mm and 30mm automatic cannons installed in pairs. An ATGM guided by a laser beam can also be launched through the barrel of a 100mm cannon, with a rate of fire of 10 r/min. In addition, there are three PKT machine guns. Currently, the BMP-3 has no analogues in the world.

2. ORGANIZATION, ARMAMENT AND COMBAT EQUIPMENT OF A TANK BATTALION

a) TANK REGIMENT

The main striking force of motorized rifle and tank units and subunits are tank battalions, which are combined arms tactical units and the basis for organizing the interaction of units of military branches in battle. Tank units, possessing great firepower, reliable armor protection, high mobility and maneuverability, are able to make full use of the results of nuclear and fire strikes and achieve the final objectives of the battle in a short time.

The firepower of tanks lies in their ability to hit enemy tanks and other targets at actual fire ranges, and to fire on the move both day and night. To increase fire capabilities, modern tanks are equipped with a fire control system, stabilizers, night sights and other devices. The armor protects tank crews from fire, small arms, fragments of aerial bombs, artillery shells and mines, and from direct hits from small-caliber artillery shells.

To overcome water obstacles underwater, the tanks have underwater driving equipment (OPVT). It ensures reliable tightness of the tank and normal air supply to the crew. For digging out trenches and shelters, some tanks have special attachments.

The combat capabilities of tank units allow them to quickly create a strong defense and successfully repel the advance of superior enemy forces. On the offensive - be active fighting day and night, in a significant separation from other troops, crush enemy groups in oncoming battles, and immediately overcome vast zones of radioactive contamination and water obstacles.

A tank battalion carries out combat missions as part of a unit in cooperation with motorized rifle, artillery, engineer and engineer units or independently.

The organizational tank battalion of a tank regiment consists of:

Battalion Command;

Party-political apparatus;

Communications platoon;

Three tank companies;

Medical station;

Support platoon.

The battalion command includes:

Battalion Commander;

Deputy for sub-unit

Deputy Battalion Commander for Technical Services

The battalion headquarters includes:

Chief of Staff;

Chief of Communications (aka communications platoon commander);

Chemistry instructor;

The communications platoon consists of:

Battalion commander's tank with crew (tank commander, senior driver, radio operator-loader);

BMP-1K command combat vehicle (combat vehicle commander, radiotelephone operator, driver);

Radio departments (squad commander, radiotelephone operator, armored personnel carrier driver - electrician, armored personnel carrier, three radio stations).

There are 9 people in the platoon.

The tank company consists of:

Company management (company commander, deputy commander for political affairs, deputy company commander for technical affairs (senior lieutenant for battalions armed with tanks with a crew of 3 people, senior technical warrant officer for battalions armed with tanks with a crew of 4 people), foreman, tank commander , senior driver mechanic, radio operator-loader);

Three tank platoons with 3 tanks in each platoon. The medical station consists of:

The head of the medical center, a medical instructor, three orderlies

(private soldiers), driver-medicine instructor.

In total, the personnel department contains six people, a UAZ-452A ambulance, and an AP-0.5 trailer.

The support platoon consists of:

Platoon commander (warrant officer) and technician (warrant officer);

Maintenance departments;

Automobile department;

Economic department.

The maintenance department consists of:

Squad commander;

Senior repairman for tank electrical and special equipment;

Working master of low power radio stations;

Locksmith driver.

In total in the personnel department - 6 people, RPG-7, technical vehicle. MTO service, car ZIL-131 (ZIL-157). The automobile department consists of:

Squad commander;

Senior refueling driver;

Senior driver;

Two refueling drivers;

Five drivers.

In total, there are 10 people in the personnel department, Ural trucks

375 for ammunition - 5, for personal belongings and company property - 1, for spare parts - 1, fuel tankers ATM-4, 5-375 - 3. The economic department consists of:

Squad commander - cook;

Driver.

Total in the department: personnel - 3 people, automobile kitchen PAK-

200 (PAK-170), ZIL-131 car, AL-1.5 trailer.

In total, the tank battalion has 174 personnel and 31 tanks.

The organizational structure of a tank battalion of a motorized rifle regiment is approximately the same as that of a tank regiment, with the exception of the increased number of tanks.

A tank battalion has three tank companies with three tank platoons and four tanks in each platoon. In total, the tank company has 55 personnel. And 13 tanks, in the battalion - 213 people. and 40 tanks.

Basic tank data.

Indicators		T-72AK	T-80
Crew, people
Weapons:
125mm smoothbore cannon D-81 "Rapier"
7, b2mm PKT machine gun
12.7mm machine gun NSVT "Utes"
Sighting range
shooting, m.:
125mm guns
7.62mm PKT machine gun
12.7mm NSVT anti-aircraft machine gun
For ground targets
For air targets
Direct range
shot, m. (N c = 2 m.)
125mm guns
12.7mm NSVT machine gun
7.62mm PKT machine gun
Rate of fire, h/min:
125mm guns
7.62mm PKT machine gun
12.7mm NSVT machine gun
starting speed projectile
(bullets), m/sec:
125mm guns
12.7mm NSVT machine gun
Engine power, hp
multi-fuel, diesel	diesel	gas turbine
Speed, km/h
Cruising range on the highway, km
	anti-ballistic with protective anti-cumulative screens		multi-layer, anti-ballistic, with dynamic protection containers

The creation of the T-64 and T-72 tanks in the 60s and 70s marked the beginning of the development of main battle tanks, which replaced the medium and heavy ones. At the end of the 70s, the T-80 tank was put into service.

The main thing in a tank is its weapons. These tanks consist of a 125mm D-81TM smoothbore cannon, known in the West as "Rapira-3", a coaxial 7.62mm PKT machine gun, a 12.7mm NSVT anti-aircraft machine gun and smoke grenade launchers.

The gun is installed in the turret and stabilized in two planes using an electro-hydraulic stabilizer. It is controlled by the handles of the gunner's console, but manual guidance is also provided using a lift-and-turn mechanism. The gun's ammunition includes OFS, cumulative and armor-piercing sub-caliber BPS shells. BPS allows you to penetrate armor modern tanks at a distance of over 2000 meters. All operations for feeding the projectile and cartridge case into the barrel are performed by the automatic loader. In addition, the T-72, T-80 tanks have a tank ballistic computer TBV, into which Tv, Tz, Atmosphere pressure and bore wear. Having noticed the target, the gunner measures the range to it with a laser rangefinder, which is automatically entered into the TBC. The gun, based on the TBV signal, takes the required elevation angle, corrections are introduced for the projectile ballistics, wind, data on the speed and roll of the vehicle. By the time the gun is fired, it occupies a strictly defined position. If the tank shakes on a pothole and the axis of the barrel no longer coincides with the direction chosen by the gun, the shot will not fire. A special block will resolve it only after the stabilizer returns the gun to the desired angle.

To ensure effective shooting at night, night vision devices are used. There is an infrared sight, with which you can take aim at a target at a distance of 800 m at night.

While the T-64 and T-72 tanks have anti-ballistic armor, the T-80 has a spaced multi-layer design on the front hull and the front part of the turret. The sides are covered with armor and rubber-fabric screens, and the front of the hull, roof and turret armor are covered with dynamic protection containers. The armored structure of the T-80 can withstand fire from tanks and anti-tank weapons from a distance of 1.5-2 kilometers in the range of firing angles from 0° to 30 - 45°.

All T-80 tanks are equipped with a collective defense system against weapons of mass destruction. If it happens dangerously close nuclear explosion, then even before the shock wave approaches, the engine will be automatically turned off and the blinds will be closed, and after its passage the supercharger with the FVU will turn on.

Tanks T-64, T-72, T-80 are equipped with a high-speed fire extinguishing system.

Tanks can overcome various obstacles: ditches up to 2.8 meters wide, vertical walls up to 0.85 meters high, water obstacles with a “mirror” up to 1 km and a depth of a two-story house (5 meters).

Our designers managed to create machines that were original in their quality. In terms of their combat effectiveness, the T-80 is in no way inferior to foreign tanks, and in many ways superior to them, and the T-72AK tank fully meets the requirements of modern combat.

Tank units are armed with T-80, T-90, T-72 tanks.

CONCLUSION. Thus, possessing powerful weapons, reliable protection and high mobility, tank units are capable of destroying tanks and other armored targets, enemy manpower with fire on the move, from short stops or from a place, destroying his defensive structures, fighting low-flying targets, as well as solve other problems.

Tank troops constitute the main striking force ground forces. They are capable of making full use of the results of nuclear and fire strikes and in a short time achieving the final goals of the battle and operation.

3. ORGANIZATION AND ARMAMENT OF THE ARTILLY DIVISION

(only for VUS 030403)

The basis of artillery units are artillery battalions, which are the main tactical units of artillery.

As an artillery fire unit, the division is capable of hitting various targets with high accuracy, which can be open and covered, stationary and moving, observed and unobserved, ground and surface, and perform other fire missions.

The ability of an artillery battalion to move quickly and carry out continuous interaction with combined arms units fighting at a high tempo characterizes it as a tactical artillery unit.

An artillery division is organizationally part of artillery and motorized rifle (tank) formations and units.

Depending on the combat purposes and weapons the division may have different organization. Let's consider the organization of the 122 mm G N-30 artillery battalion.

For the teacher: it shows the organization of the artillery division, reveals its content, and gives time for drawing its diagram.

The artillery battalion of 122 mm M-30 howitzers consists of:

Commands;

Communications platoon and reconnaissance and surveillance department;

Three artillery batteries;

Support platoon

The division command includes the division commander, his deputy for political affairs and the division paramedic. The division headquarters includes:

Chief of Staff - Deputy Division Commander;

Chief of Communications - platoon commander of the division control;

Chemist-instructor The communications platoon consists of:

Wireline departments

Radio communication departments

The reconnaissance and related surveillance department consists of:

Squad commander;

Senior reconnaissance observer;

Three reconnaissance observers;

Rangefinder;

Driver.

In service there are: PAB-2-1, DAK-1-1 or DS-2-1, RT-2, binoculars-4.

A battery is a fire and tactical artillery unit. A battery can simultaneously hit one or two targets by firing from a closed firing position or several targets, depending on the number of guns in the battery, with direct fire.

The artillery battery consists of:

Platoon control;

Two fire platoons;

Driver departments.

The control platoon is designed to conduct reconnaissance and provide communications.

The control platoon consists of:

Platoon commander;

Intelligence departments;

Liaison departments The intelligence department consists of:

Squad commander;

Senior Scout;

Scout Observer;

Rangefinder;

Driver

The department has: PAB-2A-1, DS-1-1, binoculars-2.

The communications department consists of:

Squad commander;

Two senior telephone operators;

Three radiotelephonists.

In the radio station department R-108M (R-108) - 4, telephone sets - 4 cable P-297 - 8 km. Personnel - 12 people.

A fire platoon is an artillery fire unit. The platoon performs battery fire missions as part of a battery or independently.

The fire platoon consists of:

Platoon commander;

Three gun crews (7 people each: crew commander, gunner, assistant gunner, loader, installer, projectile, loader and one 122 mm M-30 howitzer)

In total there are 22 people in the platoon of personnel, 3 - 122 mm G M-30,

grenade launcher - 1.

The drivers (traction) department consists of:

Squad commander;

Two senior drivers;

Six drivers.

Total battery: personnel - 65 people,

Tractors (vehicles) for guns - 6;

Spare tractor - 1;

There are 2 cars on the b/p;

Grenade launchers - 2. The support platoon consists of:

Platoon commander;

Economic department (department commander - cook, two cooks, two drivers);

Maintenance departments (department commander, senior electrician-battery mechanic, driver-car mechanic).

Total in the division support platoon:

Personnel - 9 people;

Trucks: MTO-AT-1 (ZIL-131), GAZ-66 for kitchens and food - 2, trailer kitchens - 2, car trailers 1-All-1.5 for kitchens - 2, grenade launchers - 1.

Total in artillery battalion

122 mm M-30 howitzers;

Personnel - 235 people;

122 mm G M-30- 18pcs .;

Cars - 30 pcs.;

Radio stations - 16 pcs.;

Officers - 18 people.

For the teacher: familiarize students with the tactical and technical characteristics of the main artillery systems(122 mm G D-30, 2S-1, 152 mm G D-1) available in artillery battalions and give time for recording.

CONCLUSION. The division, possessing powerful and accurate fire, is capable of hitting a variety of sheltered and openly located ground and underwater targets, and continuously supporting combined arms units in battle with fire.

Tactical and technical characteristics of the main artillery systems

System name	Range		System weight, kg. in combat position	Rate of fire rds/min	Projectile weight, kg.	Used, pcs.	Calculation, pers.	Armor penetration,	Transportation speed; km/hour
	shooting	direct shot
152mm P "Hyacinth"
122mmSG2S-1
152mm SG2S-ZM
152mm SG-P "Meta-S"

Main tactical and technical characteristics of the 100-mm anti-tank gun

System name	Caliber, mm.	Range	Far straight rd.	Rate of fire	System weight,	Projectile weight, kg.	Used, pcs.	Armor penetration	Travel speed
PT gun T-12
PT gun BS-3
9P-148 "Competition"

4. ORGANIZATION OF A SEPARATE ANTI-TANK ARTILLERY DIVISION (only for VUS 030600)

A separate anti-tank artillery division is designed to destroy enemy tanks and other armored vehicles. It can also be used to destroy fire weapons, including those located in fortifications.

Anti-tank artillery units are assigned to anti-tank reserves or attached to motorized rifle units.

A separate anti-tank artillery division consists of:

Division Commands;

Combat units;

Two anti-tank artillery batteries;

ATGM batteries;

Service and support divisions;

Division control platoon (reconnaissance squad 5 people, two

Liaison office 7 and 6 people);

Support platoon;

Repair platoon;

Medical Center;

Radiation and chemical reconnaissance departments;

Economic department.

For the teacher: - shows the diagram and gives time to draw the diagram;

Describes the purpose and composition of the units

The division command includes the division commander, his deputy for work with personnel and technical units.

The division headquarters includes the chief of staff, who is also the deputy division commander; the chief of communications, who is also the commander of the communications platoon;

chemical instructor.

Anti-tank artillery battery- fire and tactical unit anti-tank artillery, operates, as a rule, as part of a division, but cannot be assigned to motorized rifle units.

The battery consists of:

Intelligence departments (4 people);

Communications departments (7 people);

Two fire platoons (23 people each).

A fire platoon is a fire unit that operates, as a rule, as part of a battery. Consists of three crews, each with one 100 mm anti-tank gun.

Main tactical and technical characteristics of 100 mm anti-tank gun

Anti-tank guided missile battery - fire and tactical unit. Designed to destroy tanks and other armored targets. It operates, as a rule, as part of a division, but can be attached to motorized rifle units.

The battery consists of:

Three ATGM platoons;

Management departments;

Simulator departments.

An ATGM platoon is a fire unit that operates, as a rule, as part of a battery, but can also act independently.

Consists of three crews of combat vehicles. Each crew has 2 people. The vehicle commander is a senior operator and driver-operator, armed with:

Grenade launcher - RPG-7 - 1

AKM-74 assault rifle - 1

Pistol PM - 1pri

Rocket launcher - 1.

The combat vehicle has a radio station R-123 and R-108.

The control department is designed to monitor the actions of the enemy and friendly troops, determine tank-dangerous directions for monitoring the results of their fire.

Squad leader - radiotelephonist - 1

Senior Scout - 1

Scouts - 2

Radiotelephone operator - 1

Driver - 1

The simulator department is an electron-optical training complex and is designed to develop operators’ shooting skills from combat vehicles.

The department includes the head of the simulator - the instructor and the driver of the car.

Rear units of the division:

Material support platoon - designed to transport materiel to the division, as well as to transport ammunition and fuel to batteries;

Repair platoon - designed for repair and maintenance of equipment and weapons;

Housekeeping department - designed for uninterrupted provision of division units with food and preparation hot food;

Medical station - designed to collect the wounded, provide first aid and their evacuation.

Main performance characteristics of BM 9P148

CONCLUSION. A separate anti-tank artillery division is a powerful means of combating tanks and other armored vehicles.

CONCLUSION. Rapidly developing military equipment and weapons, fundamentally new, high-precision means of armed warfare and effective methods of their use are causing significant changes in the content of modern combined arms combat, methods of troop control based on automated systems, methods of fire destruction and action of troops, in the organization and implementation of their comprehensive support , i.e. in tactics - the most important component of Soviet military art.

Summarize. Give a task for self-preparation:

Textbook "Tactics" part 2, pp. 43-51.

The methodological development was made by:

Senior lecturer, sub-student V. Marchuk

MOTORIZED BATTALION ON BMP BATTALION COMMANDER HEADQUARTERS COMMAND CLEANER NSH ZNSH HI NS ZKVR ZKV ZKB PSYCHOLOGIST Reconnaissance platoon Communications platoon control Support platoon RO technical maintenance automobile utility Grenade launcher platoon control GO MSR MSV control MSO KO Subdivision/sBMP BRM AGS mm "Tray" 82 mm "Vasilyok" AKRPG-7RPKSVDSIL-131GAZ-66Ural-375ATMZPAK-200UAZ-452Tyagach Team 5 Headquarters5 1 MSR Minbatr RV GV AF VOB MPB8 7 1 For b-on MORTAR BATTERY Control platoon MV "TRAY" MV "Vasilyok" control SG BUT JV S S P P MV S S control HF control communications intelligence

Motorized rifle company (3) MSR MSV Management KR ZKR ​​ZKRVR S/instrument M V N A St-na St.tech N.pool No. r-ta KR ZKR ​​ZKRVR S/instrument M V N A St-na St.tech N. pool No.r. MSO KO MV SG NO LNG P P S.S.(S) S S Management HF ZKV Sniper S.Nursery N.pool No.r. KV ZKV Sniper S.Sanitar N.pool No.r -ta

Minbatr Mortar Battery Control Com. batr Zk. batr Sergeant Major San.instr Com. batr Zk. batr Sergeant Major San.instr Platoon control MV "TRAY" MV "VASILEK" Calculation Control HF Art. calc HF St. vych Intelligence Department Communications Department Zkv-km St.nav St.vod Master of N.crew Driver Zkv-km St.nav St.vod Master of N.crew Driver Km St.nav N.crew Driver Km St.nav N.crew Driver Km Senior nav N. calculation Driver Km Senior nav N. calculation Driver KO ST.RTLF RTLF driver KO ST.RTLF RTLF driver KO Scout Rangefinder Driver KO Scout Rangefinder Driver Zkv-km Senior nav Senior vod N.r driver Zkv- km St.nav St.vod N.r driver Km St.nav N.r driver Km St.nav N.r driver Km St.nav N.r driver Km St.nav N.r driver

MSO MOTORIZED BATTALION ON IFV BATTALION COMMANDER HEADQUARTERS COMMAND CLEANER NSH ZNSH HI NS ZKVR ZKV ZKB PSYCHOLOGIST Communications platoon Maintenance platoon automobile household GRENADE LAUNCHER PLATON of control GO MSR MSV control COM MORTAR BATTERY Control platoon MV "P" ODNOS" MV "VASILEK" control SG But the joint venture s to mv s with the UPR of the intelligence of the connection of the PTV PTO PTO Dividel/SBTR82 mm "Trans" 82 mm "Vasillek" AGS-179P135SPG-9PKRPKVZIL-131GAZ-66Ural-375ATMZPAZ-452 TyAZ teams 5 4 Headquarters5 41 MSR Minbatr PTV GV AF VOB MPB For b-on

Motorized rifle company (3) MSR MSV Management KR ZKR ​​ZKRVR S/instrument Driver Pool BTR St-na St.tech N.pool No. r-ta KR ZKR ​​ZKRVR S/instrument Driver Pool BTR St-na St.tech N.pool No. .r-ta MSO KO driver SG Pool BTR LNG P P S.S.(S) S S Control KV ZKV Sniper S.Sanitar N.pool No. r-ta KV ZKV Sniper S.Sanitar N.pool No.r- and VET KO ST.Operat-3 Operator-3 Pool. APC Driver KO ST.Operat-3 Operator-3 Pool. APC Driver

Minbatr Mortar Battery Control Com. batr Zk. batr Sergeant Major San.instr Com. batr Zk. batr Sergeant major San.instr Control platoon Fire platoon “TRAY” Fire platoon “VASILEK” Crew Control KV Art. calc HF St. vych Intelligence Department Communications Department Zkv-km St.nav St.vod Master of N.crew Driver Zkv-km St.nav St.vod Master of N.crew Driver Km St.nav N.crew Driver Km St.nav N.crew Driver Km Senior nav N. calculation Driver Km Senior nav N. calculation Driver KO ST.RTLF RTLF driver KO ST.RTLF RTLF driver KO Scout Rangefinder Driver KO Scout Rangefinder Driver Zkv-km Senior nav Senior vod N.r driver Zkv- km St.nav St.vod N.r driver Km St.nav N.r driver Km St.nav N.r driver Km St.nav N.r driver Km St.nav N.r driver

Support platoon Maintenance department Automotive department Economic department KO St. master Master RS ​​St. mechanic Driver KO St. master Master RS ​​St. mechanic Driver KO (ZKV) St. driver St. water control Driver - 9 KO (ZKV) Art. driver St. water supply Driver - 9 Control KV KO Driver - 3 Art. cook Cook - 3 KO Driver - 3 Art. cook Cook - 3

tank 130R-123P-274 (KM) TB SME TankBMPl/s Command Headquarters Tank company Communications platoon Support platoon Medical. Item For b-on ZKV ZKB KB PISAR control

Support platoon Maintenance department Automotive department Economic department KO St. master Master RS ​​St. mechanic Vod. mechanic KO St. master Master RS ​​St. mechanic Vod. mechanic KO St. driver St. water-restricted Driver - 7 KO St. driver Steering water supply Driver - 7 Control HF Technician HF Technician KO-cook Driver Cook KO-cook Driver Cook

The motorized rifle troops of Russia, like those of other countries, are a branch of the ground forces, which is represented by infantry, specialized armored vehicles, and vehicles for movement. Modern motorized rifle troops of the Russian Federation are the most numerous branch of the military, representing the “backbone” of the entire army. The main task of motorized rifle battalions and companies is to participate in large-scale ground operations, which can be carried out either independently or in conjunction with other types of troops.

Any motorized rifle company is obliged to fight in any weather conditions, at any time of the day or night and on any landscape. The company commander must distribute responsibilities in such a way that each motorized rifleman performs the task assigned to him in accordance with his combat specialty.

Motorized rifle troops, general information

Although many people believe that motorized rifle troops only have armored personnel carriers and tractors, this is not true. The Russian motorized rifle troops include the following units:

• Artillery;
• Tank units;
• Anti-aircraft units;
• Engineering parts;
• Chemical Forces;
• Radiation protection units.

In addition, modern motorized rifle troops often have mobile missile systems with nuclear warheads.

Motorized rifle troops are modern version dragoons, that is, mobile cavalry, which was capable of fighting both on foot and on horseback. Modern motorized rifles took part in all military conflicts of the 90s and 2000s.

Motorized Rifle Forces Day is celebrated on August 19, although official holiday All ground forces are celebrated on October 1. The flag of the motorized rifle troops is a black banner with two crossed AKs framed by laurel wreaths. Sleeve patch motorized rifle flag completely copies the flag of the motorized rifle troops.

The history of the emergence of motorized rifle troops in their modern version

The history of motorized rifle troops began immediately after the massive use of vehicles with internal combustion engines in the army. The widespread use of vehicles for transporting infantry began during the First World War. This invention significantly increased infantry mobility.

In 1916, the first tanks were manufactured in England. This revolutionized the military world. The first prototypes of armored personnel carriers or transport tanks, designed to protect and transport infantry, were invented towards the end of the First World War.

The First World War showed how effective the motorization of infantry troops was, therefore, immediately after its end, the armies of large states began to intensively purchase equipment of various types. In addition to tanks and trucks, they developed wheeled armored personnel carriers, intended not only for transporting troops, but also for their direct protection in battle. Armies that were equipped with mechanized vehicles were able to increase the speed of infantry movement several times.

Since the USSR could not recover from the consequences of the Civil War for a long time, the first motorized divisions appeared there only in 1939. The entire personnel of such divisions had to move using vehicles, but Soviet production, which was greatly damaged as a result of the First World War and especially the Civil War, was not able to provide the Red Army with vehicles. Even the American and British trucks that were supplied to the country during the Second World War under lend-lease did little to save the situation. All Soviet trucks (AMO, ZIS, GAZ and the like), which were produced before, during and in the first years after the Great Patriotic War, were, as a rule, clones of American or European models. For example, the first Soviet AMO truck was a copy of the FIAT 15 Ter, which was produced in the first years after the revolution with minor changes in the design.

AMO - the first Soviet truck

Automotive industry Soviet Union was able to fully satisfy the needs of the army only by the end of the 1950s. In 1958, a new branch of the military appeared in the USSR, which was called motorized rifle.

Motorized rifle troops of the USSR

In the USSR, as well as throughout the world, the motorization of troops became the main direction in the development of the ground army. They got serious about this immediately after the end of the Second World War. General staff Soviet troops, who had personally visited the front and knew first-hand all the hardships of life for infantry troops, understood perfectly well that increasing the mobility of troops could not only make life easier for soldiers, but also increase the effectiveness of this type of troops several times.

Immediately after the end of the Second World War, a special decree of the State Defense Committee was issued, which indicated the need to replenish all mechanized formations of the USSR army. After the war, Soviet designers paid special attention to the creation of new types of armored personnel carriers, increasing their production to tens of thousands of units.

The famous infantry fighting vehicle (IFV) is the development of Soviet designers, the analogues of which did not exist in the world at that time. The Soviet infantry fighting vehicle could not only transport and protect personnel with a commander, but also very effectively support him in battle, using its weapons for this.

The first model of an infantry fighting vehicle, called BMP-1, entered the motorized rifle units of the Soviet troops in 1966. This machine turned out to be revolutionary for its age. Seeing its high efficiency, Western countries, which had previously relied on tracked vehicles, hastened to copy this design for their armies.

It should be separately noted that almost all Soviet armored vehicles that were in service with the motorized rifle troops could easily overcome water obstacles. In addition, it protected the personnel led by the commander not only from small arms and grenades, but also from weapons of mass destruction, for which purpose the equipment had its own air conditioning and life support system.

After the Soviet troops no longer needed mechanized transport, motorized rifle troops became the basis of the entire army of the USSR. Closer to the collapse of the USSR, there were more than 150 motorized rifle divisions in the entire army. In addition, each tank division had two motorized rifle regiments.

A standard motorized rifle division during the USSR consisted of the following types of troops:

• 3 full motorized rifle regiments;
• 1 tank, artillery and anti-aircraft missile regiments;
• Anti-tank gun division;
• Rocket artillery division.

In addition, each division had various support units.

All motorized rifle brigades of the USSR were divided into two types:

• Brigades with armored personnel carriers;
• Brigades armed with infantry fighting vehicles.

Naturally, the combat effectiveness of brigades with infantry fighting vehicles was much higher, so they were planned to be used on the front line. In the USSR there were motorized rifle brigades, which had only infantry fighting vehicles.

Towards the end of the 80s, it was decided to strengthen the air defense system of motorized rifle regiments, as a result of which all anti-aircraft batteries were increased to divisions.

Motorized rifle commanders studied at higher educational institutions of the country, the main of which was the Military Academy named after. Frunze. In addition, 9 more military schools throughout the country trained commanders.

Motorized rifle troops of the Russian Federation

The Russian motorized rifle troops were formed in 1992 and became successors to the glorious traditions of the USSR motorized rifle troops. As at that time, motorized rifle troops are the “backbone” of all the country’s ground forces.

In the early 2000s, all motorized rifle units of the Russian army began to gradually switch to brigade composition. At the same time, there were many other structures, each of which had Various types subordination. In parallel, there were both companies within brigades and companies that were subordinate directly to divisions. During military reforms, there was an opinion that the brigade uniform would make it possible to more universally solve emerging military tasks. Since large-scale military conflicts are not expected on the planet, there is no need for huge and clumsy divisions. Local conflicts can easily and effectively be resolved by brigades that are trained to fight in any terrain and use a variety of weapons, both conventional and mass destruction.

Currently, the entire military system is again moving to a divisional structure, since the brigade system has turned out to be largely imperfect.

Concept and structure of a motorized rifle battalion

Each motorized rifle battalion is a regular unit of motorized rifle troops. Motorized rifle battalions, at present, are no different in their structure from the battalions of the USSR. The military reform affected only divisions, which were reorganized into battalions that were part of the united military districts.

Each modern motorized rifle battalion includes the following military units:

• 3 motorized rifle companies;
• Mortar battery;
• Three platoons (anti-aircraft missile, grenade launcher and anti-tank);
• Communications platoon.

In addition, each battalion includes a medical center.

Motorized rifle battalions on armored personnel carriers differ from battalions on infantry fighting vehicles not only in the number of weapons, but also in the number of military personnel. The battalion with armored personnel carriers has 539 of them, and the battalion with infantry fighting vehicles has 462 people.

Motorized rifle company, definition and structure

A motorized rifle company is a special tactical unit of a battalion, which is designed to perform various combat missions not only as part of its battalion, but also independently (although this happens quite rarely). The concept of “company” has been known since ancient times, when it was called a detachment. A company or squad is a unit of infantry troops that can be commanded using voice, gestures, or one's own actions as an example. At all times, the size of a detachment (or company) was as close as possible to one hundred people. This is the number that one person can effectively command.

The company commander is the main fighter of the company, who not only commands the unit entrusted to him, but also directly participates in combat operations. The company commander is usually one of the most skilled fighters, as he is often the one who has to lead his company into an attack. In ancient times, the commander of a detachment became the most intelligent and skilled warrior, who often had to prove his right to leadership with force and skill.

Day of Motorized Rifle Troops

When asked when motorized rifle troops day is celebrated, you can hear 2 different answers:

• Since the motorized rifle troops are part of the ground forces of the Russian Federation, the day of the motorized rifle troops can be considered October 1, when the whole country celebrates the day of the ground forces. On this day, even under Ivan the Terrible, a decree was created on the collection of “a selected thousand service people.” Of course, this holiday applies to motorized rifle troops, but still officers and veterans of this type of troops celebrate their professional holiday on a different day;
• On August 19, 1914, the “First Machine Gun Automobile Company” was created. It is this number that is considered the date of the birth of motorized rifle troops in the modern understanding of this concept. After effective application armored vehicles together with infantrymen, the tsarist command saw great prospects for the development of this type of troops. History knows many cases from the chronicles of the First World War, when the mere appearance of armored cars and accompanying infantrymen on the battlefield caused panic fear from the enemy.

Since all other units of the ground forces have their own professional holidays, motorized riflemen are trying in every possible way to have their day declared an official holiday.

Despite the fact that simple motorized riflemen are rarely mentioned in the news, paying attention to the more spectacular types of troops, it is the infantry that participated, and continues to participate, in the bloodiest conflicts on earth.

A motorized rifle company is a tactical unit that performs tasks, usually as part of a motorized rifle battalion, but sometimes independently.

Historically, a company was considered an infantry unit of maximum strength that could be effectively commanded in battle by voice, whistle, gesture, or personal action. This number at all times was approximately 100 fighters. The concept of “detachment” is close to the concept of “company” in function and tactical meaning.

According to his functions in battle, a company commander is one of the fighters capable of simultaneously leading a battle and commanding a unit. Unlike the company commander, the battalion commander, as a rule, does not participate directly in battle.

In defense, companies and platoons are assigned strong points, a battalion is assigned a defense area, and a regiment is assigned a defense area. In this case, the company occupies 1–1.5 km along the front, and up to 1 km in depth. In an offensive, the company occupies a line of responsibility 1 km wide, in the breakthrough area - up to 500 m.

To better understand the tactical meaning of the staff structure and armament of modern motorized rifle companies of the Russian army, it is necessary to trace the evolution of infantry and motorized rifle units since the end of the Second World War. Their appearance changed repeatedly depending on the views of the command on combat use motorized rifles, weapons development and military equipment, practices of real armed conflicts. Each war left its mark on the appearance of motorized rifle units. However, there are features characteristic of motorized rifle companies of the Soviet Army (and the Russian Army, as its successor), which were developed precisely during the Great Patriotic War. It provided enormous experience in ground battles, allowing the effectiveness of pre-war concepts and regulations to be tested in practice. The Soviet infantry of the 1944 model was significantly superior in efficiency and combat power to its counterparts of the 1941 model, becoming the prototype of modern motorized rifle units.

The Soviet Union inherited the experience of infantry battles of 1941-1945. and created the most powerful ground forces weapons system in the world. This fully applies to infantry weapons.

Compared to the states of 1941, the following changes were approved:

• the number of companies was reduced to 100 people without a noticeable loss of combat effectiveness. To reduce losses in battle formations, all companies not engaged in combat were removed from the company staff;
• the intermediate cartridge of the 1943 model was established as ammunition for the rifle chain, and the AK assault rifle as an individual weapon;
• Each department has been equipped with a close combat anti-tank weapon - the RPG-2 rocket-propelled anti-tank gun (grenade launcher);
• mounted fire weapons (50-mm mortars) were removed from the company due to low firing efficiency in line-of-sight conditions;
• In order to increase maneuverability and reduce vulnerability, heavy machine guns in companies were replaced with machine guns without a machine gun.

The structure of a Soviet motorized rifle company in 1946-1962. included:

• Management department – ​​4 people. (commander, deputy commander, foreman, sniper with SV 891/30).
• Three motorized rifle platoons of 28 people each. (22 AK, 3 RPD, 3 RPG-2);
• Machine gun platoon (3 RP-46, 8 AK).

Total: 99 people, 77 AK, 9 RPD, 9 RPG-2, 3 RP-46, 1 SV.

The strength and armament of a rifle squad, platoon and company of motorized rifle troops Soviet army 1946-1960

In the Soviet Army, the post-war structure of a motorized rifle squad in terms of the quality and range of weapons resembled the structure of a Wehrmacht grenadier company squad. One soldier in the squad was armed with an RPG-2 grenade launcher, seven more with AK assault rifles, and a machine gunner with an RPD machine gun chambered for 7.62x39 (in terms of ballistics and accuracy, the RPD differed little from an assault rifle). There is an average of one sniper rifle left per company.

The machine gun platoon was equipped with company machine guns of the 1946 model, which combined the rate of fire of a heavy machine gun with the maneuverability of a manual machine gun. Company machine gun crews were located 200 m behind the attacking chain, quickly changed positions and provided the company with continuous fire support. The use of company machine guns on a bipod is a domestic structural and tactical technique, established during many fruitless attacks and bloody battles of 1941-1945. Creating a sample with the required properties was no longer difficult.

The introduction of an intermediate cartridge, corresponding weapons and rocket-propelled grenade launchers into the troops was borrowed from the Wehrmacht.

Despite its apparent simplicity, the post-war weapon system had exceptional firing efficiency, fire density and flexibility, especially at ranges up to 400 m.

The squad moved on foot or on trucks such as BTR-40, BTR-152. The driver of the armored personnel carrier, by analogy with the cavalry, performed the function of a horse guide in battle - he drove the vehicle to a safe place. The Goryunov SGMB machine gun, mounted on an armored personnel carrier, ready for battle and pointed forward, served as a means of combating the enemy who suddenly appeared along the way.

STRUCTURE OF A MOTORIZED COMPANY BY STATE IN THE 1960s – 1970s.

Structure and armament of a motorized rifle company on an armored personnel carrier

Further rearmament and motorization led to the emergence of a motorized rifle company in 1962, in which the number of squads was reduced by armored personnel carrier crews. The vehicle was an armored personnel carrier BTR-60PB, armed with a 14.5-mm KPV machine gun.

The grenade launcher and machine gun were replaced by next-generation models that were equivalent in purpose (but not in properties). One of the machine gunners served as an assistant machine gunner, but was not the number two on staff. A sniper appeared in the squad as an assistant commander, acting on his instructions.

The strength and armament of a rifle squad, platoon and company of motorized rifle troops of the Soviet Army in 1962.

The advantage of this state was high mobility within the road network. The ability of infantry to appear unexpectedly in areas of terrain weakly defended by the enemy and occupy them almost without a fight began to be considered more valuable. This state still exists in a slightly modified form.

The new composition of the motorized rifle company provided better mobility, but it came at the cost of firepower and numbers.

The shortcomings of the structure and armament of the state motorized rifle company in 1962 were:

• the RPK light machine gun has practically ceased to differ from the machine gun in terms of combat properties;
• the sniper, being in the front line, could not provide accurate fire due to large aiming errors and the inability to prepare data for shooting;
• a sniper rifle in battle turned into an ordinary self-loading rifle of the SVT or FN/FAL type;
• the crew of the armored personnel carrier (two people) was excluded from the rifle chain and combat on the ground.

The BTR-60PB armored personnel carrier (and BTR-70, BTR-80) was a truck covered in thin armor and served as a vehicle, not a combat vehicle. The armored personnel carrier could support the squad only from distances where it remained invulnerable to enemy machine-gun fire (1000...1500 m), for which a 14.5-mm KPVT heavy machine gun was used.

The combat order of a motorized rifle platoon during an offensive is: a) without dismounting; b) on foot; c) panorama of the battle.

The fatal shortcoming of the staff of the motorized rifle company in 1960-1970. It turned out that the armored personnel carrier was unable to advance in the chain of its squad. Upon closer contact with the enemy, armored personnel carriers were hit in the wheels by riflemen and grenade launcher fire. This is evidenced by the experience of fighting on the Damansky Peninsula. The works devoted to this conflict describe in detail the battles of March 2 and 15, 1969, during which the BTR-60 was revealed to be unsuitable for combat, even in the absence of artillery from the enemy.

Structure and armament of a motorized rifle company on the BMP-1

In the 1960s, infantry fighting vehicles (BMP-1) entered service with motorized rifle troops. Due to the likely use of tactical nuclear weapons a technique appeared for advancing behind tanks without dismounting from combat vehicles. The tactical method of attacking on foot was also preserved in the regulations.

The staff of the rifle squad on the BMP-1 included eight people. Motorized rifle units on the BMP-1 are even more specialized in tank escort and rely mainly on the power of the 73-mm 2A28 gun (grenade launcher) of the BMP-1 and the combat training of the gunner-operator.

Structure and armament of a motorized rifle company on the BMP-2

Fighting in the Middle East in 1970-1980. showed the weakness of the ammunition of the BMP-1 gun (both cumulative and fragmentation action). It turned out that the squad countered in most cases dispersed manpower and enemy firing points. It was necessary to use the destructive potential of artillery weapons more flexibly. The infantry fighting vehicles were re-equipped with automatic weapons.

The strength of the BMP-2 squad was the new BMP artillery weapon - the 2A42 cannon with 500 rounds of ammunition. It was the BMP that began to solve the vast majority of problems on the battlefield. The presence of a large ammunition load and the “machine gun” method of firing made the infantry fighting vehicle a means of threat and deterrence. Like a heavy machine gun from the Second World War, the BMP-2 can influence the enemy without firing, only by presence. To others positive factor The adopted system is a potentially large ammunition load of 5.45 mm cartridges.

The disadvantages of the new weapon system were the general disadvantages of the 5.45 mm caliber - low penetration and blocking effect of bullets. A bullet from a 7N6, 7N10 cartridge from an AK74 assault rifle does not penetrate half a red brick (120 mm) and a 400 mm earthen barrier at a distance of 100 m. The RPK74 machine gun differs even less from an assault rifle in terms of practical rate of fire than its predecessor RPK. A common drawback of the staff of a motorized rifle company on an infantry fighting vehicle is the small number and weakness of the fire of the rifle chain.

Features of the regular structure of motorized rifle companies of the 60s - 70s.

• The infantry fighting vehicle has become a fire weapon for the rifle chain on a par with the infantry line. Its cross-country ability is comparable to that of a walking person, and its speed on the highway is equal to the speed of a car.
• Formally, a squad on an infantry fighting vehicle has become weaker than a squad on an armored personnel carrier due to its small numbers, but in reality the opposite is true, since the infantry fighting vehicle is not a means of support, but a means of combat, which solves most of the tasks of the infantry chain and, in addition, the task of fighting tanks.
• A motorized rifle squad on an infantry fighting vehicle follows group tactics to a greater extent, reminiscent of a machine gun group from the First World War. The “machine gun” in the group became self-propelled and received an artillery caliber. The BMP crew - gunner-operator and driver - turned out to be numerically smaller than the machine gun crew.
• The squad's penchant for group tactics weakened the rifle chain. In combat, the rifle chain performs to a greater extent the function of protecting infantry fighting vehicles from being hit by enemy infantry and, to a lesser extent, is occupied with fire impact on the enemy. In the event of the loss of an infantry fighting vehicle, the department becomes unable to carry out statutory tasks.
• In the evolution of the squad, platoon and company, there is a tendency towards a decrease in the human component. Infantry combat is gradually being reduced to a fight between weapons, armored vehicles and other inanimate material means of the battlefield.

COMPOSITION AND ARMAMENT OF A MOTORIZED RIFLE COMPANY WITH A MODERN ORGANIZATIONAL AND STAFF STRUCTURE

States motorized rifle companies of limited contingent in Afghanistan

Afghan war 1979-1989 became one of the wars of modern times. It was distinguished by limited tasks, disproportionate capabilities of the parties and the almost complete absence of battles, as defined by the regulations. In accordance with the tasks and features of the landscape, the staffing of the units of the limited contingent of Soviet troops in Afghanistan was approved.

In the armored personnel carrier companies, each squad (six people, on the BTR-70) consisted of a machine gunner with an RPK and a sniper with an SVD. The KPVT machine gun gunner simultaneously served as a grenade launcher (RPG-7). The motorized rifle platoon consisted of 20 people, three BTR-70s. The machine-gun and grenade launcher platoon (20 people, two BTR-70s) was armed with three PKM machine guns on a bipod and three AGS grenade launchers. In total, the company consisted of 80 (81 - from August 1985) people on 12 armored personnel carriers. Since May 1985, one AGS was replaced with an NSV-12.7 machine gun, capable of destroying fortifications made of rocky soil and rocks.

In BMP companies, each squad (six people per BMP-2D) included a sniper with an SVD and a grenade launcher with an RPG. A machine gunner with an RPK relied on every third squad. The motorized rifle platoon consisted of 20 people (three BMP-2D). The machine-gun and grenade launcher platoon (15 people, two BMP-2D) was armed with three AGS grenade launchers and two NSV-12.7 machine guns. PKM machine guns were transferred to platoons. In total, the company consisted of 82 people and 12 infantry fighting vehicles.

The positive aspects of the above-described composition of a motorized rifle company are obvious: the companies are small in number, the number of weapons exceeds the number of soldiers and officers. In the mountainous landscape, artillery and mortars could not provide full support to the infantry, so the machine-gun and grenade launcher platoon was the artillery unit of the company commander and was distinguished by a variety of fire capabilities: mounted (AGS), penetrating (NSV-12.7), dense fire (PKM).

In the plain theater of operations, companies had a more conventional structure, which did not include large-caliber weapons, but included ATGMs.

States of motorized rifle companies 1980-1990s

In the 1980-1990s, squads on armored personnel carriers and BMP-1 and -2 consisted of nine people, but without a sniper.

The company on the BTR-80 (110 people) consisted of a control group (five people), three platoons (30 people each) and a fourth anti-tank machine-gun platoon (15 people). In service were 66 machine guns, 9 RPGs, 9 RPKs, 3 SVDs, 3 PCs, 3 ATGMs, 12 armored personnel carriers.

The company on the BMP had a similar structure and strength. The fourth platoon was entirely machine gun. In service were 63 assault rifles, 9 RPGs, 9 RPKs, 3 SVDs, 6 PCs, 12 infantry fighting vehicles.

Composition of motorized rifle companies of the RF Armed Forces in 2005-2010.

In the Russian Armed Forces in 2005-2010. In parallel, there were several staff structures of the same type of units. Motorized rifle troop units were built according to three organizational options:

• Motorized rifle company on an armored personnel carrier.
• A motorized rifle company on a BMP-2 from a regiment subordinate to the division.
• A motorized rifle company on a BMP-2 from a battalion subordinate to the brigade.

We do not consider the organizational structure and armament of motorized rifle units on the BMP-3 due to the small number of vehicles that entered service with the troops.

A motorized rifle squad on an armored personnel carrier can contain eight or nine people, while a squad on a BMP-2 consists of eight people. At the same time, the sniper from the squad was transferred to larger units.

A motorized rifle platoon on an armored personnel carrier contains a control group, two squads of nine people and one squad of 8 people. All personnel are housed in three armored personnel carriers.

A means of qualitatively strengthening a platoon is a PKM machine gun with a crew of two soldiers and a sniper with SVD rifle subordinate to the platoon commander.

Composition of a motorized rifle company on an armored personnel carrier of the state 2000-2010:

• Company management – ​​8 people. (commander, assistant commander for l/s, foreman, senior driver, machine gunner, senior technician, medical instructor, RBU operator; weapons: AK74 - 7, PKM - 1, BTR -1, KPV - 1, PKT - 1).
• 3 motorized rifle platoons of 32 people each. (each has a control of 6 people, including a commander, a deputy, a PKM machine gun crew of 2 people, a sniper with an SVD and a medic; two squads of 9 and one squad of 8 people; platoon weapons: AK74 - 21, PKM - 1 , SVD – 4, RPK74 – 3, RPG-7 – 3, BTR – 3, KPV – 3, PKT – 3).
• Anti-tank squad of 9 people. (ATGM "Metis" - 3, AK74 - 6, armored personnel carrier - 1, KPV - 1, PKT - 1).

Total: 113 people, PKM - 4, SVD - 12, RPK74 - 9, AK74 - 76, RPG-7 - 9, ATGM - 6, BTR - 11, KPV - 11, PKT - 11.

Composition and armament of a motorized rifle company on an armored personnel carrier in 2000-2010.

A company on an infantry fighting vehicle can have two structures depending on its subordination. In rifle division regiments, companies with infantry fighting vehicles have smaller numbers and an emphasis on small arms, since they are supported by the division's artillery regiment.

Structure of a motorized rifle company on an infantry fighting vehicle from a regiment:

• Company management – ​​10 people. (commander, deputy commander for l/s, foreman, medical instructor, SBR radar operator, infantry fighting vehicle commander, 2 senior driver mechanics, 2 gunner-operators; weapons: AK74 - 10, BMP-2 - 2, 2A42 - 2 , PKT – 2, ATGM – 2).
• 3 motorized rifle platoons of 30 people each. (each has a control of 6 people, including a commander, a deputy, a PKM machine gun crew of 2 people, a sniper with an SVD and a medic; three sections of 8 people each; platoon weapons: PKM - 1, SVD - 1, RPK74 - 3 , AK74 – 22, RPG-7 – 3, BMP – 3, 2A42 – 3, PKT – 3, ATGM – 3).

Total: 100 people, PKM - 3, SVD - 3, RPK74 - 9, AK74 - 76, RPG-7 - 9, BMP - 11, 2A42 - 11, PKT - 11, ATGM - 11.

In brigades with battalion subordination, poor in artillery, companies largely provide themselves with fire support through their own grenade launcher platoon.

Motorized rifle companies on infantry fighting vehicles from brigades have the following structure:

• Company management – ​​10 people. (staff and weapons are the same as in the command of a motorized rifle company on an infantry fighting vehicle from the regiment).
• 3 motorized rifle platoons of 30 people each. (in terms of personnel and weapons, they are similar to platoons of motorized rifle companies from the regiment).
• Grenade launcher platoon of 26 people. (each - commander, deputy commander and three squads of 8 people; weapons: AK74 - 20, AGS-17 - 6, BMP - 3, 2A42 - 3, PKT - 3, ATGM - 3).

Total: 126 people, PKM - 3, SVD - 3, RPK74 - 9, AK74 - 96, RPG-7 - 9, AGS-17 - 6, BMP - 14, 2A42 - 14, PKT - 14, ATGM - 14.

The numerical composition and armament of a motorized rifle company on infantry fighting vehicles from motorized rifle brigades in 2000-2010.

General comments on the composition and armament of motorized rifle units in 2000-2010.

1. Platoon commanders have their own means of high-quality reinforcement: PKM machine guns (not quite company-level in terms of fire capabilities) and sniper rifles.

2. In a company with infantry fighting vehicles from the regiments, for reinforcement there is a full-fledged department from the company management.

3. In a company on an infantry fighting vehicle from the brigade, for reinforcement there is a full-fledged platoon capable of fighting without mounted grenade launchers, like an ordinary infantry one. Under other conditions, it is used for support by means of anti-aircraft guns, both from closed positions and direct fire.

4. Weapons of 5.45 caliber do not have sufficient penetration, and machine guns of this caliber are not capable of maintaining the required fire regime.

5. Weapons chambered for a rifle cartridge have established themselves as a means of strengthening a platoon (PKM, SVD). PKT machine guns on infantry fighting vehicles in the first line have insufficient target detection capabilities.

6. 12.7 caliber weapons are not represented in any state.

7. Weapons of 14.5 caliber are used on armored personnel carriers for shooting from safe distances (1000... 1500 m).

8. Automatic grenade launchers are rarely used and, in fact, are analogues of company mortars and machine guns of earlier organizational structures.

9. SPG-9 grenade launchers are not used at company level.

Disadvantages of the staff of motorized rifle companies of the RF Armed Forces (2000-2010):

1) companies on armored personnel carriers have lower combat capabilities than companies with infantry fighting vehicles: due to the lack of combat vehicles, they cannot perform the same tasks as companies with infantry fighting vehicles;

2) the sniper in the squad on the armored personnel carrier in the first line is not able to fully realize the capabilities of his weapon;

3) there are almost no reinforcement means subordinate to the commander (a machine gun and one armored personnel carrier that does not belong to the platoons); the anti-tank squad rather fills a gap in the meager range of fire weapons than serves as a means of reinforcement even in defense;

4) the number of weapons is small and its range is poor.

Advantages of motorized rifle companies of the RF Armed Forces (2000-2010):

1) squads consist of eight to nine people - fewer people are involved in combat operations, which helps reduce losses;

2) the sniper was excluded from the squads on the BMP;

3) the platoon commander has his own means of reinforcement;

4) the presence of a fourth platoon in a company from a brigade significantly expands the company commander’s ability to maneuver forces and fire.

ORGANIZATIONAL AND STAFF WAYS OF INCREASING THE COMBAT CAPABILITIES OF MOTORIZED RIFLE SECTIONS, PLATOONS AND COMPANIES

At the squad level, strengthening the rifle chain is achieved by increasing the practical rate of fire light machine gun. The low penetrating effect of 5.45 and 7.62 caliber bullets of the 1943 model requires equipping the squad with a second rifle-caliber machine gun weighing up to 7.5 kg with dispersion at the RPD level and rate of fire at the DP level, with magazine feed. In addition, the rifle chain can be strengthened by introducing multi-channel fire weapons, adding one shooter to the chain, at least at the expense of the operator or driver of the infantry fighting vehicle, using remote weapon control in the infantry fighting vehicle, equipping the driver of the infantry fighting vehicle with a weapon - a PK-type machine gun.

At the platoon level, reinforcement is possible by using a fourth vehicle with fundamentally different weapons and armor, at least without increasing the size of the platoon, introducing supernumerary weapons (mine, grenade launcher) and assigning two weapons to one soldier.

At the company level, reinforcement is achieved by introducing a full-fledged fourth platoon of heavy weapons (guided intelligent weapons), which is capable of fighting as a fourth infantry platoon, and, if necessary, being a support or assault weapon (like a grenade launcher platoon of brigade structures). At the same time, the platoon must perform combat engineering support and combat work with guided and intelligent weapons.

It is undesirable to increase the number of personnel in units due to a possible increase in losses. A company numbering over 100-115 people. handles worse in battle. It is possible to increase the fire capabilities of units due to the dual armament of some specialists who own different types weapons.

Thus, an increase in the number of weapons, combat vehicles, and equipment, even if not all of these assets will be used in combat at the same time, increases the effectiveness of the units’ actions.

The content of this page was prepared for the portal " Modern army» based on the book by A.N. Lebedinets “Organization, armament and combat capabilities of small-scale motorized rifle units.” When copying content, please remember to include a link to the original page.