home » Thing » What is considered a melee weapon? Signs of edged weapons

What is considered a melee weapon? Signs of edged weapons

It is important to know which knife is considered a bladed weapon when you purchase such an item for yourself or as a gift. The main thing is not to make a mistake, because otherwise serious problems with the law may arise - even criminal liability. For this reason, you need to clearly understand what kind of bladed weapon is, what kind of knife anyone can purchase without additional certificates and permits, what responsibility is provided for carrying a bladed weapon.

Definition of edged weapons

When understanding the question of which knife is considered a bladed weapon, you need to know the following. This type includes weapons designed primarily to hit a target using muscular force when approaching an opponent directly.

In order to thoroughly understand which knife is considered a bladed weapon, it would not be amiss to refer to the law “On Weapons”. There this definition already contained in the first article.

Checkers, daggers, sabers, dirks, Finnish knives, stilettos, brass knuckles, as well as some types of knives are definitely considered cold weapons. In general, all objects that in one way or another can be used to defeat a living target, be it a person or an animal.

Classification of edged weapons

The weapons that this article is devoted to are conventionally divided into several groups.

Firstly, this piercing weapon. In this case, damage is caused primarily by poking strikes. As a rule, piercing weapons are divided into bladed and polearm. These are rapier, stiletto, dagger, and sword, which are extremely dangerous to life and health.

Secondly, this is a piercing weapon. These include a dagger, a sword, a bayonet and some types of knives.

Thirdly, slashing weapons. This category includes a battle axe, a berdysh, a labrys, a tomahawk, a beard-shaped axe, and a valashka.

Fourth, crushing weapons. These are bo, buzdykhan, mace, flail, club, war hammer, nunchucks, brass knuckles, morning star, tonfa, telescopic baton.

What is every citizen allowed to have?

If you decide to get a knife, you should know in what cases it can be mistaken for a dangerous edged weapon. By Russian laws, it does not include items intended for household and industrial use. First of all, these are kitchen, penknives, gardening and shoe knives. They can be in any home; no permits are required to wear them.

In cases where doubt arises whether a particular knife should be considered a bladed weapon or not, a forensic examination is assigned, which can give an unambiguous answer.

It is worth remembering that according to the law, any citizen of our country has the right to acquire hunting weapon, including cold, only with the appropriate permission. This procedure is spelled out in Article No. 13 of the Law “On Weapons”.

Hunters and Cossacks

When such a purchase is made, hunting license the buyer makes a corresponding entry.

Some Cossacks also have the right to purchase and have bladed weapons on hand. Along with the Cossack uniform, they are allowed to have bladed weapons, which may also correspond to some of the national costumes of the peoples of our state. Most often, permission can be obtained to carry sabers, daggers and knives.

Attributes national costumes determined by the federal government. At the same time, it is necessary to obtain an appropriate license to purchase and store these weapons.

Thus, if you are neither a hunter, nor a Cossack, nor a wearer of a certain national costume, then you are not entitled to any bladed weapons.

Prohibited bladed weapons

At the same time, there are varieties of bladed weapons that are prohibited in principle. In our country, brass knuckles, boomerangs, shurikens, flails, as well as other items that can be used as impact, crushing and throwing weapons are strictly prohibited. Such samples are prohibited from being used both for official and, especially, civilian use.

Also, the Law “On Weapons” prohibits the circulation of bladed weapons, as well as blades and blades whose length is more than 90 millimeters. It is prohibited to circulate edged weapons in which the blade is automatically removed from the handle after pressing the corresponding button, and then automatically locked. Here is the answer to the question whether a butterfly knife is considered a bladed weapon. It falls under this category, so its circulation and carrying is prohibited.

Liability provided

Our country provides for liability for the illegal carrying of bladed weapons. Until 2003, this crime fell under Article 222 of the Criminal Code.

IN Lately additions have been made to the Code of administrative offenses. Now, as a rule, a citizen is brought to administrative responsibility for illegal bladed weapons. A fine of 500 to two thousand rubles is provided. As well as the seizure of such weapons.

It is interesting that it is precisely the compensated seizure that is provided for. It means that this weapon will be sold, and the proceeds will be returned to the owner minus any costs incurred.

IN last years new aspects also appeared in the criminal code. If quite recently the illegal possession and acquisition of bladed weapons was punishable by up to two years in prison, now you can only go to jail for illegal sales. This is punishable by up to two years in prison.

Preserved criminal liability for illegal production of bladed weapons, also for a term of up to two years. But for carrying or storing it you will only pay an administrative fine.

How to distinguish edged weapons?

Currently, two regulatory documents in Russia regulate the circulation of such weapons. These are GOST “Survival Knives” and GOST “Hunting Knives and Daggers”. If you check these documents, you will accurately determine which knife is considered a bladed weapon in Russia.

The knife is structurally as similar as possible to a bladed weapon, besides, almost any knife can be used as a weapon if desired. dangerous weapons, so the line between them is barely perceptible. The main thing is that for a knife to be officially considered a bladed weapon, it must contain absolutely all the design features related to this type. In addition, there should not be a single factor that would exclude it from the category requiring special permission to acquire and store such an item. Having delved deeply into this issue, you can easily determine for yourself which knife is considered a bladed weapon.

Characteristic signs

The first key sign for a dangerous edged weapon is the length of its blade. It’s worth deciding right away that professionals call the blade the metal warhead of a knife or other bladed weapon. It contains one or more blades that are part of this strip. In this case, only the sharp sharpened edge, which belongs to the warhead of a bladed weapon, is considered a blade. It looks like a rib at an acute angle.

In order to measure the length of the blade and understand how long the knife is not considered a bladed weapon, it is necessary to accurately calculate the distance from the tip to the limiter. If the latter is absent, then the length is measured to the black on the handle or the front end of the sleeve. If a folding knife has a permanent stop, which is necessary to open the blade itself, the length should be measured exactly up to this stop.

There are strict parameters for such dangerous weapons. The length of the blade must be at least 90 millimeters. Now you know what size knife is considered a bladed weapon. However, not a single document specifies the standard length of the blade. So there is no answer to the question of how long a knife blade is considered a bladed weapon. You should only pay attention to the blade.

We can conclude that if you have a knife in your hands, the blade length of which is at least one millimeter less than 90, then rest assured that it will not be classified as a bladed weapon. It can only be called structurally similar to dangerous knife, but cannot be classified as a melee weapon.

Thickness and hardness

The next two important features are the parameters of the butt and blade. In order to understand which knife is considered a cold weapon in Russia, it is necessary to measure the thickness of the butt. This should be done in the thickest part of the blade itself. If the thickness is at least 2.6 millimeters and no more than six millimeters, then this is a cold civilian bladed weapon.

Interestingly, you can often find a thickness of 2.4 millimeters. This parameter was not taken by chance. GOST “Cutting and skinning knives” separately states that it is allowed to use a handle on a knife if the thickness of the blade does not exceed 2.4 millimeters. This is what many knife manufacturers use, focusing specifically on this parameter.

The hardness of a blade for edged weapons must be at least 42 Rockwell units. Obviously, you are unlikely to be able to measure this parameter at home. But, as a rule, this information indicated on the blade itself by the manufacturer. Therefore, you can easily determine which knife blade is considered a bladed weapon.

This parameter applies to all types of knives without exception. If the hardness is 42 units or higher, then it is definitely a bladed weapon.

Safety handle

Another sign that will help you understand that you have a bladed weapon in your hands is the presence of a safety handle. It should have a limiter or, at a minimum, a sub-finger notch.

The limiter should stand out by 5 millimeters. Not less. If there are two such limiters, then together they should not exceed the parameter of 5 millimeters.

The same applies to the sub-finger notch in the absence of a limiter. But if there are several finger grooves, their total depth should not be less than 4 millimeters.

If your knife has neither one nor the other, then it cannot in any way be considered a bladed weapon.

Sharpened Blade

Another factor that will help determine whether a knife is classified as a bladed weapon or not is the sharpness of the blade. In order to determine how sharp a knife is, you should not resort to household methods. If it cuts paper, it means it's sharp. This approach is subjective and amateurish. It is better to adhere to GOST.

If you follow this document, then a sharpened knife is considered such if it can be used to cut a birch branch with a thickness of 10 to 12 millimeters, with a humidity of about 12 percent. At the same time, do this at least five times, and the cut afterward should remain without nicks and as smooth as possible.

Also, many experts are guided by the fact that a sharpened knife has a cutting edge. It is often used by ordinary people and even law enforcement officials to field conditions find out whether this particular knife can be mistaken for a dangerous weapon.

To summarize, it is worth recognizing that, knowing all the signs of such a weapon, it will not be difficult to establish what the knife you own is. True, all this is relevant only for the legal market; contraband products and homemade knives, of course, this description will not match.

Cold steel in Belarus

In order to avoid problems with the law in a neighboring republic, it is worth knowing which knife is considered a bladed weapon in Belarus. In this country, the laws are similar to Russian ones.

Only hunters are allowed to own and carry bladed weapons (and then only with permission). They are allowed to have bladed weapons. An exception is also made for those who have a license to store collectible weapons and display them in compliance with all safety measures.

All others are strictly prohibited from having bladed weapons. In Belarus, the circulation and transportation of brass knuckles, boomerangs, flails, as well as other shock-crushing and throwing objects is prohibited.

After reading this article, you will be able to determine exactly in which cases a knife is considered a bladed weapon.

An incredible number of dangerous items can be found in private collections and specialized retail outlets. But do all of them belong to edged weapons? Chemical weapons have characteristics that are clearly stated in legislative acts and GOSTs, and have their own classification. But what kind of knife or dangerous object is considered a bladed weapon in Russia?

In contact with

What is considered a bladed weapon?

All products related to the hunting, military or sports field, the action of which is not associated with any energy carriers or explosives, capable of cause death or injury to a person, are classified as edged weapons.

This definition does not include kitchen, stationery, garden, penknives and other household tools. If you look at it, injury can be caused by any object.

The production, storage, and use of all weapons is regulated by Federal Law No. 150. This legislative act clearly defines what is a bladed weapon, who, where and how has the right to use it. In Art. 1 Federal Law No. 150 states that edged weapons are a product used to hit a target in close contact with it and using muscular strength. Current legislation clearly defines the circle of persons who have the authority to use such items to solve certain problems.

Permits for storing and carrying bladed weapons are not always required, for example, if such weapons are classified as sports weapons. A license is required if a citizen purchases piercing and cutting objects as a hunter or “wearer” of national costumes. And striking examples of this can be the Cossacks, whose constant attribute is the Cossack saber; representatives of the nationalities inhabiting the Caucasus, where youth It is customary to carry a dagger.

If the hunter has a license to carry and store a gun, then this document will be enough for the smooth acquisition of a full-fledged hunting knife. The following may carry edged weapons without violating the legislation of the Russian Federation:

Professional athletes.
Hunters and reindeer herders.
Law enforcement officers (on duty).
Military personnel, including those who are on well-deserved rest. If these persons have an award or trophy bladed weapon, then they can only carry it if they have permits.
Security guards and forwarders involved in the protection or transportation of inventory items.
RAS employees carrying out some types of work.
Antique collectors who take part in any specialized events.

Important! If the rules for wearing chemical weapons on its owner are not observed, according to Art. 20.8 of the Administrative Code, penalties are imposed. The fine varies from 500 to 2000 rubles. The dangerous object is subject to confiscation.

Signs of edged weapons

In Russia they are regulated by GOSTs: R51500-99 and R51548-2000.

Signs of edged weapons are a whole list of parameters:

Types of bladed weapons

Melee weapons are classified according to several criteria. For example, it can be domestic or imported; civil, combat, service; contact or thrown (or thrown); standard, combined, disguised; industrially manufactured, homemade, repurposed.

The classification of edged weapons looks like this:

Attention! There is a chemical substance that cannot be classified as a specific type or species, because it can fit several definitions at once. For example, a spear is a polearm throwing and piercing weapon at the same time.

Which knife is considered a bladed weapon?

Not all types of knives are related to chemical weapons. For a product to be recognized as such, it must have all design features inherent in this type of weapon. That is blade length of 9 cm or more, a certain thickness, hardness and sharpness of the blade etc. Sometimes, in order to determine which knife is considered a bladed weapon, the intervention of experts is required. For example, a folding knife with a blade even 15 cm long does not qualify as a chemical weapon, nor does a product with a hook on the butt or without a point (it is deliberately filed down so that it is impossible to identify the item as prohibited).

There is a whole list of items related to chemical weapons that are completely prohibited for use on the territory of the Russian Federation, and there are items that are subject to some restrictions.

It follows that even with permission, a citizen does not have the right to purchase them and use these products for their intended purpose. This applies to both ordinary citizens and law enforcement officers.

Prohibited types of weapons not sold in stores legally , and these include a boomerang, flail, shuriken, brass knuckles and other dangerous objects intended for throwing and having a shock-crushing effect. The sports core is not one of them.

“Butterfly” and “butterfly” knives with a blade length of more than 9 cm are illegal. It is worth taking into account that knives and similar dangerous objects cannot be taken with you when going to places with large crowds of people, and such things are also prohibited from being sent to postal items.

If a citizen is the owner of an antique stiletto, dagger, ax or other item made before 1945, then he does not need any permission to store them, since all this is antique bladed weapon. More full definition This can be found in Federal Law No. 113. Hunting knives and other certified weapons purchased with licenses have a serial number.

Important! Melee weapons of this type are stored in a safe, and control over compliance with the conditions is entrusted to the local commissioner. Wearing chemical weapons within the limits settlement is prohibited and no license grants such a right.

Useful video: types of edged weapons

Knives without a point, with a blade less than 9 cm and a shaped blade are not edged weapons. However, products without a handle are classified as such, and a prime example of this is the bayonet. In order not to have problems with the law, you must comply with all its requirements. And if possible, you should avoid carrying any knife, especially when going to a crowded place.

It seems like a simple question, but let's turn to the letter of the law and visualize it.

Signs of edged weapons. Parameters and characteristics of knives that are not edged weapons (in accordance with GOSTs).
The requirements below should apply to knives manufactured both industrially and in a homemade way, both Russian and foreign. However, a lot depends on the expert conducting the examination; as you know, the law can be interpreted very differently, and the expert is also a person, he has superiors to whom he must obey, a wife who must be fed, and personal hostility (or vice versa, affection ) cannot be excluded.

In accordance with GOSTs, knives that meet the following requirements (at least one) are not considered weapons:

Knives whose blades are not adapted for stabbing are not weapons:

1. Knives without a tip. The tip can be replaced with any tool (screwdriver, chisel more than 3 mm wide), or rounded.

The edge of the knife blade is deliberately blunted and has a plane more than 3 mm wide.

This is the only sign that classifies these products into the household household category. (you must remember that when sharpening the edge of the blade, the parameters of the product change and these knives can easily turn into edged weapons with all the ensuing consequences).

2. Knives with an edge located above the spine line by more than 5 mm.

Diagram of a knife corresponding to feature No. 2

Approximate diagram of a knife corresponding to feature No. 2. It should be noted that knives that meet this characteristic have no restrictions on the length of the blade and the presence of finger stops.

This Tanto style knife has a blade length of 188 mm and a tip located above the butt line by more than 5 mm.

The knife has a blade length of 210 mm and the tip is located above the butt line by more than 5 mm.

3. Knives with a maximum deflection of the blade spine of more than 5 mm for a blade length of up to 180 mm and more than 10 mm for a blade length of more than 180 mm.

Diagram of a knife corresponding to feature No. 3

4. Knives with a spine concave by more than 5 mm, with a length of up to 180 mm.

5. Knives with a concave angle of more than 10mm. butt, with a blade length of more than 180 mm.

Diagram of a knife corresponding to feature No. 6

The knife, at a distance of 1/3 of the blade's length from the tip, has a sharpened hook designed for ripping skins, cutting nets, cutting slings, and whatever your imagination dictates.

7. Knives in which the amount of deflection of the butt and the upper part of the handle of the knife, which has the shape of an arc in the form of a “rocker”, upward from the conventional straight line connecting the tip of the blade and the upper end of the handle, exceeds 15 mm.

Diagram of a knife corresponding to feature No. 7

8. Knives with a blade shorter than 90mm.

A set of two daggers with a blade length of 80 mm each.

9. Knives in which the blade and spine, or the main one and the one made on the spine, converge at an angle of more than 70 degrees.

10. Knives are thicker than 5-6mm.

11. Knives without a sharpened blade(the descents are displayed, but the RC is missing).

Knives with a handle that does not provide a reliable hold when pricking:

The absence of stops (limiters for fingers) on this dagger makes its handle dangerous in the event of a stabbing blow; this is the only sign classifying this product as a household item, etc. If you add stops to its design, the dagger becomes a 100% melee weapon, you can even “don’t go to a fortune teller..” (fans of improvements need to remember this point).

12. Knives with handles shorter than 70mm.

This butcher knife has a handle length of 40 mm. It also corresponds to feature No. 8 since it has a blade 70 mm long.

13. Knives with a barrel-shaped handle, in which the difference between the maximum diameter in the middle part of the barrel-shaped handle and the minimum diameter in the pommel area does not exceed 8 mm.

Diagram of a knife corresponding to feature No. 13

The dagger has a border between the maximum diameter in the middle part of the barrel-shaped handle and the minimum diameter in the pommel area of no more than 8 mm.

14. Knives with a single (one-sided, or two-sided in total) limiter or a single finger groove less than 5 mm.

15. Knives that have more than one notch or limiter, their size should be less than 4 mm.

In a knife for diving and extreme tourism, the heel of the blade, which acts as a limiter, is deliberately narrowed and has a thickness of 3.5 mm, while thickening of the blade towards the tip is allowed (the thickness of the butt of the knife is 4.0+ mm).

Knives that do not provide the required strength of the blade or the entire structure:

16. Knives with blades whose hardness is less than 25HRC.

The hardness of this blade exact copy bayonet does not exceed 25HRC.

17. Knives with a developed stop or finger groove, with a blade length of up to 150 mm and a thickness of less than 2.5 mm.

This feature includes a huge number of knives, including those of excellent quality. All knives with a straight blade (up to 150 mm), a pronounced edge (the angle of convergence of the blade and spine is less than 70 degrees), developed finger stops or finger grooves and are freely sold in the Russian Federation, have a spine thickness of less than 2.5 mm (usually 2.2 -2.4), otherwise it is no longer possible to sell freely, while the hardness of the blade has no restrictions. Such knives are considered as supposedly “not providing the necessary strength of the blade or the entire structure,” all this is very relative; a knife with a spine thickness of 2.2 mm is able to help out its owner in almost any situation.

And in conclusion I would like to say the following: A man armed with a dagger is less dangerous than a man armed with an idea. Remember this)) Peace and goodness to everyone!

We present to your attention a short guide to knife GOSTs. It makes sense to make a reservation right away - everything that is written in GOSTs does not have much real power, almost everything depends on the expert, who may well resist and declare that a particular knife, although it complies with GOSTs for tourist knives, is still a terrible weapon.

Practice shows that the attitude towards foreign knives is harsher than towards Russian ones. Although the point here may be that our manufacturers initially focus on existing GOST standards, this does not even occur to foreigners. With the exception of the Spaniards, many Spanish knives have recently appeared with limiters reduced in accordance with GOST standards.

1 AREA OF USE.
1.5.1. Self-made products are subject to design and technical requirements established by this standard, as well as types and methods of control, only in terms of establishing and assessing their compliance with cutting and skinning knives related to household knives, when conducting forensic research and examinations.
This point, common to all GOSTs, allows us to classify everything written below as homemade knives. Of course, if the expert sticks his horn, weapon and all, it will be difficult to butt heads, but a lot depends on the lawyer and on the personal interest of the expert.
3. DEFINITIONS.
The definitions are common to all guests.
3.1. Steel arms- a weapon designed to hit a living target using human muscle power;
3.2. Type of bladed weapon- a group of samples of edged weapons, characterized by the same set of design features;
3.3. Bladed bladed weapon- edged weapons with a warhead in the form of a blade, firmly and motionlessly connected to the handle;
3.4. Civilian edged weapons- bladed weapons permitted by law for use by citizens;
3.5. Hunting bladed weapon- civilian edged weapons designed to kill animals during hunting;
3.6. Military edged weapons- edged weapons that were or are in service with state paramilitary organizations, soldiers and military formations of the past;
3.7. Artistic edged weapon- edged weapons made using techniques, equipment and (or) materials that give the product artistic value;
Note. The artistic value of edged weapons is established on the basis of the official conclusion of state-authorized bodies.
3.8. Combat knife- contact blade piercing-cutting weapon with a short single-edged blade;
3.9. Dagger- contact, bladed, piercing and cutting weapons with a short or medium straight or curved double-edged blade;
3.10. Hunting knife(dagger)- a combat knife (dagger) designed to kill an animal while hunting;
3.11. Household knife- a knife intended for performing household or industrial work;
3.12. Warhead (melee weapon)- part of a bladed weapon that directly hits the target;
3.13. Blade- extended metal combat unit bladed weapons with a point and one or two blades, which is part of a strip;
3.14. Heel- the unsharpened part of the blade, located between the blade and the handle;
3.15. Blade spine- unsharpened edge of a single-edged blade;
3.16. Butt bevel- part of the butt, inclined towards the blade and forming the tip of the blade with it;
3.17. butt saw- a row of sharpened teeth on the butt of the blade;
3.18. Blade- sharpened edge of the warhead of a bladed weapon, which is an edge with an acute angle of mating surfaces;
3.19. tip- the end of the warhead of a bladed weapon, contracting into a point, a short blade or edge with maximum size up to 3 mm;
3.20. Band- the basis of a bladed weapon, consisting of a blade and a shank;
3.21. Shank- part of the strip used to attach the handle;
3.22. Handle- part of a bladed weapon with which it is held by hand and controlled when used;
3.23. Cheren- the main part of the handle is directly grasped by the hand;
3.24. Handle limiter- the front extended part of the handle adjacent to the handle;
3.25. pommel- the back part of the handle, adjacent to the handle and different from it in shape;
3.26. Handle dies- handle parts in the form of overlays;
3.27. Handle bushing- a metal part covering the core at one or both ends;
3.28. Handle cavity- a tightly closed internal space in the handle of the weapon, intended for placing accessories in it;
3.29. Lanyard- a durable loop made of leather or other material, attached to the handle and worn on the wrist of the hand holding the weapon;
3.30. Sheath- case for the blade.

GOST R No. 51644-2000
CUTTING AND SKINING KNIVES.

The most interesting GOST gives a greater degree of freedom than other GOSTs.
4. DESIGN FEATURES OF CUTTING AND SKINING KNIVES.
1.1. Cutting and skinning knives, intended for use both in commercial or sport hunting (including underwater) and fishing, and for household needs, are household and do not belong to bladed weapons. Thanks to this point, classifying a knife as a cutting knife automatically removes it from the category of weapon.
4.3. Cutting and skinning knives consist of a blade and a handle, and may also have a limiter or finger grooves on the handle, ensuring a strong hold of the knife and the safety of its use when removing skins and cutting carcasses of animals, fish and birds. From this point it follows that the presence of a limiter, in itself, is not a sign of a weapon.
4.10. The blades of folding cutting and skinning knives, as well as collapsible transforming knives and tools combined with them on the same strip (for example, saws) must be rigidly fixed in the working position, i.e. there must be special clamps. The presence of a lock is not a sign of a weapon, although its absence is a sufficient reason for the peaceful certification of a knife.
4.16. For cutting and skinning knives, additional sharpening is allowed on the bevel and part of the butt to a length of no more than 2/3 of the blade (from its tip). The degree of such sharpening has no restrictions.
4.17. The manufacture of cutting and skinning knives with dagger blades is not allowed. Everything is clear here - no to daggers, terrible weapons!
4.18. Cutting and skinning knives can have additional items and devices for both household purposes (awl, corkscrew, can opener, etc.) and special purpose: sharpening in the form of a special hook with a blade (hook) for cutting skins, a bone saw ( here is a very interesting point, a well-made small saw for bone is not inferior to a serrator, or “shock tooth”, the first is considered a blade, the second is generally prohibited, and so - please, at least make a dagger, but instead of a blade, use a saw), which can be made on the butt of the main blade, or in the form of a separate object, etc., which can be located in special grooves of the handle and directly on the blade, as well as the shank of the plate (for transforming knives), in the sheath (case) of the knife .
4.20. On the blades of cutting skinning knives, it is not allowed to make special protrusions and grooves, characteristic of military combat cold short-bladed weapons and intended for inflicting lacerations. Now, no shock teeth, just completely peaceful (albeit ineffective) saws for anything.
4.26.1. For the convenience of opening blades, objects and devices of cutting and skinning folding knives, their handles must have recesses or recesses to facilitate access to them; or directly on blades, objects and devices - special recesses or protrusions. Here, theoretically, you can also push, a deep recess for the liner, a hole or pin for opening and other tricks can be called necessary. But the downside is that if the blade is less than 90mm, the EKC doesn’t give a damn what’s wrong with the blade and handle, and if it’s larger, they can resist and still admit that even though this element is necessary, it still turns the knife into a weapon .

5. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR CUTTING AND SKINING KNIVES.
5.1. This GOST establishes the maximum largest dimensions for blades with hardness above 25 HRC (nail about 20HRC) cutting and skinning knives, which are household knives, structurally similar to cold short-bladed weapons:
5.1.1. The length of the blade is up to 90 mm, regardless of the thickness of its spine and the design of the knife; Here! An extremely interesting point! Daggers still cannot be sharpened (clause 4.17.), but push knives, with one and a half, 2/3 sharpening, must pass. But the ECC still doesn’t let through until it’s longer than 50mm. no one got through.

A real example of this attribute from a store has a blade length of 75mm.

Note. The length of the blade is determined by the size from the tip to the stop, and in the absence of one, to the front end of the sleeve or the handle. There is also an educational point here - if the blade has a protrusion that acts as a limiter, then if the handle ends before this protrusion, the handle is still dangerous for injury. In practice, it works for blades with a thickness of about 3-4 mm, then it all depends on the expert.

5.1.2. The thickness of the blade butt is less than 2.4 mm with a blade length of up to 150 mm if the knife design has a one-sided or two-sided limiter, or finger grooves on the handle; It’s easy here - a thin blade is one of the most compelling arguments for not being a weapon (it doesn’t work for daggers).

Real examples from the store

It has a blade length of 180 mm and a thickness of 5 mm. There is a pronounced guard.

This one has a blade length of 150 mm and a tip located above the butt line by more than 5 mm.

GOST R No. 51501-99 TOURIST AND SPECIAL SPORTS KNIVES.

GOST is similar to GOST for cutting knives, therefore, basically GOST is given without comments.
1.1. Tourist and special sports knives are household and do not belong to bladed weapons. As in the case of cutting knives, they were recognized as tourist ones, which means they are not weapons.
4. DESIGN FEATURES OF TOURIST KNIVES.
4.3. Touring and special sports knives consist of a blade and a handle, and may also have a limiter or finger grooves on the handle, ensuring a strong hold of the knife and the safety of its use when performing household and special work in field conditions and during exercise. certain types sports (for example, for cooking, setting up a tent, quickly cutting ropes or slings, cleaning the surface of an object under water, etc.).
4.9. Folding tourist and special blades sports knives, as well as collapsible transforming tools and tools combined with them on one strip (for example, saws) can be rigidly fixed in the working position, i.e. The presence of special clamps is allowed.
4.10.1. It is allowed to manufacture special sports knives (for example, sling cutters) with a blade length of more than 90 mm with an automatic spring or other design that ensures quick removal of the blade with an accelerated movement with one hand and fixing it in the working position. These knives should have no blade tip. Remember this point, we will return to it later.
4.16. For tourist and special sports knives, additional sharpening is allowed on the bevel and part of the spine to a length of no more than 1/3 of the blade (from its tip). The degree of such sharpening has no restrictions. Attention! Only 1/3, if you need 2/3 - this is already in the cutting room.
4.17. The manufacture of tourist knives with dagger blades is not allowed.
4.19. Tourist and special sports knives can have additional items and devices for both household use (awl, corkscrew, can opener, axe, compass, first aid kit, matches, strong cord, etc.) and special purpose: sharpening in the form of a hook for cutting ropes and a sling, a wood saw, which can be made on the butt of the main blade, (here we go again - we take a dagger, instead of one blade we make a saw or a sling cutter, and everything is in order) or as a separate item; fishing gear, a screwdriver, etc., which can be located on the handle and in its cavity or on the pommel, or directly on the blade, as well as the shank of the plate (for transforming knives), in the sheath (case) of the knife.
4.20. For special sports knives intended for scuba diving (scuba diver's knives) and water tourism, the design of the tip of their blades is allowed, which does not provide for the possibility of delivering damaging piercing blows, characteristic of hunting knives intended for underwater hunting. In these cases, in place of the tip of the knife blade, the working parts of various additional tools or devices (for example, a screwdriver, chisel, spatula, wrench, etc.) can be made. Remember the point about the lack of an edge? It can be replaced with a screwdriver or a chisel (the latter can also be sharpened), with an edge length of more than 3 mm. which follows from the definitions available in any GOST.
4.22. On the blades of tourist and special sports knives, it is not allowed to make special protrusions and grooves, characteristic of military combat cold short-bladed weapons and intended for inflicting lacerations.
5.1. This GOST establishes the maximum maximum dimensions for blades with a hardness above 25 HRC for tourist and special sports knives, which are household knives that are structurally similar to cold short-bladed weapons:
- length up to 150 mm if the knife design has a one-sided or two-sided limiter, or finger grooves on the handle;
Note. The length of the blade is determined by the size from the tip to the stop, and in the absence of one, to the front end of the sleeve or the handle.
- length up to 220 mm in the absence of a one-sided or double-sided limiter in the knife design, or finger grooves on the handle;
Note. The design of a tourist and special sports knife is considered without a limiter and finger grooves on the handle if:
- the excess of the width of one-sided or two-sided (in total) limiter over the width of the handle handle - less than 5 mm;
- the depth of a single sub-finger notch on the front bushing or handle shaft in the absence of a limiter is less than 5 mm;
- the depth of the finger groove on the handle shaft, which has more than one finger groove, is less than 4 mm.
- butt thickness no more than 2.4 mm. Everything said in this paragraph applies to a butt thickness of 2.4 mm or less.
Note. The thickness of the butt is measured at the thickest point of the blade (for example, at the heel of the blade).
5.2. The thickness of the butt of blades with a hardness above 25 HRC of tourist and special sports knives can be more than 2.4 mm in cases where the length of their blades is less than 90 mm;
5.6. Tourist knives, regardless of the hardness of the blades, also include folding knives with a locking blade length (with the exception of dagger and stiletto types) of no more than 105 mm and a spine thickness of up to 3.5 mm, having handles whose design does not ensure the safety of using the knife in as a weapon due to:
- an arched side concave over the entire length of the handle, opposite the straight back (the so-called “pump” type handle);
- the width in the middle part of the “pump” type handle, which should be no more than 20 mm;
- absence of limiters and pronounced sub-finger grooves;
- application in the manufacture of materials and processing technologies that reduce the frictional properties of a “pump” type handle (metal, wood, plastic, etc., subjected to grinding, polishing, etc.).
5.8. The length and thickness of the butt of the blades of special sports knives intended for scuba diving (scuba diver knives) and water tourism, regardless of the hardness of the blade, may exceed the values specified in paragraph 5.1, if the design of the tip of their blades does not provide for the possibility of delivering damaging piercing blows characteristic of hunting knives intended for underwater hunting. In these cases, in place of the tip of the knife blade, working parts of additional tools or devices (for example, a screwdriver, chisel, spatula, wrench, etc.) can be made.
In principle, everything is the same as in GOST for cutting knives, only there is less freedom.

GOST R No. 51715-2001
DECORATIVE AND SOUVENIR PRODUCTS, SIMILAR IN EXTERNAL STRUCTURE TO COLD WEAPONS OR THROWABLE WEAPONS.
1.1. Decorative and souvenir items similar in external structure with edged and throwing weapons, are a type of household products and do not belong to edged or throwing weapons.
1.5.1. Such products made in a home-made manner are subject to the design and technical requirements established by this standard, as well as types and methods of control, only in terms of establishing and assessing their compliance with decorative or souvenir products related to household products during forensic examinations and research.
4. DESIGN FEATURES.
4.1. Decorative and souvenir items made according to certain samples of bladed or throwing weapons correspond in external structure to specific types of simulated samples of bladed or throwing weapons, but should not have their combat properties, or their combat properties should be significantly reduced. This can be achieved by reducing the length of the blade without sharpening the knife, using unhardened steel.
4.2. Decorative or souvenir items similar in external structure to bladed or throwing weapons must either have a weakened design, or materials used for their manufacture preclude their use as a corresponding combat or civilian weapons, which is a prototype.
4.3. Decorative or souvenir items made according to samples of edged or throwing weapons can be made:
- in the form of copies of a sample of edged or throwing weapons with an exact reproduction of its appearance and dimensional characteristics, but with a significantly weakened design (here are bayonet-knives with blades filed near the handle), practically depriving the product of its combat properties;
- in the form of a model on a reduced or significantly enlarged scale, which does not allow its use as a corresponding weapon; here you can limit yourself to shortening the blade.
- in the form of a dummy that reproduces only appearance cold or throwing weapons and completely devoid of combat properties. Here, apparently, you can simply not sharpen the blade (some souvenir checkers differ from combat ones only in the unsharpened blade), use unhardened steel, or fragile materials (such as silumin).
5. TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS.
5.1. This GOST R for the manufacture of various samples of decorative and souvenir products similar in external structure to samples of bladed weapons establishes the following requirements to ensure the production of these products that do not have combat properties:
5.1.1. Use for the manufacture of materials (metals, plastics, etc.) that do not provide the combat properties of weapons;
5.1.2. The fastening of the blade shank to the handle for products imitating long-bladed weapons made from materials corresponding to combat blades must be significantly weakened:
5.1.2.1. Artificial thinning of the shank section at the junction with the blade (in a dangerous section); This is again about sawn bayonet knives.
5.1.2.2. Used for fastening with fragile filling materials (such as sealing wax, etc.) so that the product is destroyed when trying to use it as a weapon; Caucasian souvenir weapon, a hollow handle made of thin tin, filled with sealing wax, in which the blade is recessed.
5.1.2.3. Decorative and souvenir items made according to the type of long-bladed edged weapons can be made by remaking combat long-bladed edged weapons, while the structure is weakened as a result of applying a significant depth of transverse cut on the shank at the point of its connection with the blade. The cut must necessarily intersect the axis of the shank and, with its depth, ensure the destruction of the product in this place when trying to use it as a weapon. For specific products, the size of the cut should be selected empirically; And again sawn-through bayonets.
5.1.3. Decorative or souvenir knives with a blade hardness of over 25 HRC, made like tanto knives, must have a special sharpening that reduces combat properties due to the shape of the blade tip. The side edges of the blade tip, when viewed from above the butt, should have dimensions of no more than 3 - 5 mm and a convergence angle of 75° - 90°, and the convergence angle of the butt and the blade of this knife should be at least 75°. The degree of sharpening of the main blade is not regulated.

AND VIDEO FOR VISUALIZATION AND UNDERSTANDING OF THE QUESTION

Parameters and characteristics of knives that are not edged weapons (in accordance with GOSTs).

The idea has long been ripening to write a note about the parameters and characteristics of knives that are not chemical weapons. It was supposed to provide the text with corresponding photos for greater clarity. However, either it took me a long time to plan, or I’m not the only one so smart :)), but such a note turned out to be already written (without me). And it is posted on the online store website Klyk.ru . True, hands were itching to supplement the material with the missing photographs and thus make a feasible contribution to the general good of educating the masses regarding the signs of chemical weapons. That's what came out of it.

The requirements below should apply to knives manufactured both industrially and homemade, both Russian and foreign. However, a lot depends on the expert conducting the examination; as you know, the law can be interpreted very differently, and the expert is also a person, he has superiors to whom he must obey, a wife who must be fed, and personal hostility (or vice versa, affection ) cannot be excluded.

In accordance with GOSTs, knives that meet the following requirements (at least one) are not considered weapons:

Knives whose blades are not adapted for stabbing are not weapons:

1. Knives without a tip. The tip can be replaced with any tool (screwdriver, chisel more than 3 mm wide), or rounded.
Real examples of feature No. 1 from the Klyk.ru store!

The blade tip of the Pirat HK5696 survival knife is deliberately made in the form of a screwdriver and has a flat surface more than 3 mm wide. This is the only sign classifying this product as a household item.

2. Knives with an edge located above the spine line by more than 5 mm.

This Tanto style knife has a blade length of 188 mm and a tip located above the butt line by more than 5 mm.

The Vityaz Cayman knife has a blade length of 210 mm and a tip located above the spine line by more than 5 mm.

3. Knives with a maximum deflection of the blade spine of more than 5 mm for a blade length of up to 180 mm and more than 10 mm for a blade length of more than 180 mm.

4. Knives with a spine concave by more than 5 mm, with a blade length of up to 180 mm.

8. Knives with a blade shorter than 90mm.

9. Knives in which the blade and spine, or the main one and the one made on the spine, converge at an angle of more than 70 degrees.

10. Knives are thicker than 5-6mm.

11. Knives without a sharpened blade (the triggers are removed, but the RK is missing).

Knives with a handle that does not provide a reliable hold when pricking:

12. Knives with handles shorter than 70mm.

This Harpy butcher knife from NOX has a handle length of 40 mm. It also corresponds to feature No. 8 since it has a blade 70 mm long.

The Vityaz dagger B110-33 has a boundary between the maximum diameter in the middle part of the barrel-shaped handle and the minimum diameter in the pommel area of no more than 8 mm.

14. Knives with a single (one-sided, or two-sided in total) limiter or a single finger groove less than 5 mm.

15. Knives that have more than one notch or limiter, their size should be less than 4 mm.

In the diving and extreme tourism knife "Storm" from SARO, the heel of the blade, which acts as a limiter, is deliberately narrowed and has a thickness of 3.5 mm, while thickening of the blade towards the tip is allowed (the thickness of the butt of the "Storm" knife is 4.0+ mm).

16. Knives with blades whose hardness is less than 25HRC.

17. Knives with a developed stop or finger groove, with a blade length of up to 150 mm and a thickness of less than 2.5 mm.

Views