Will as a modal verb. Verb WILL (WOULD) in English
English modal verbs shall And will are used only in two forms: in the present tense - shall, will and in the past tense - should,would.
The infinitive after these verbs is used without the particle to:
I shall be busy on Monday. I'll be busy on Monday.
He will come soon. He'll come soon.
I said that I should be busy on Monday. I said I'd be busy on Monday.
He said that he would come soon. He said he would come soon.
The following abbreviations are used in colloquial speech:
I will = I"ll
I would = I"d
he will = he"ll
he would = he"d
she will = she"ll
she would = she"d
we will = we"ll
we would = we"d
you will = you"ll
you would = you"d
they will = they"ll
they would = they"d
shall not = shan"t
will not = won't
would not = wouldn't
shouldn't = shouldn't
Verb shall used as an auxiliary verb in combination with an infinitive to form future tense forms with the 1st person singular and plural:
I shall be free tonight. I'll be free tonight.
Shall I see you tomorrow? I will see you tomorrow?
We shall not have an English lesson tomorrow. Tomorrow we will not have an English lesson.
In modern English, instead of shall usually used with first person will: I will be free tonight. We will not have an English lesson tomorrow.
Shall used in an interrogative sentence when addressing an interlocutor for orders or instructions. Shall in this case it has a modal meaning, giving the action a shade of obligation. In the corresponding Russian sentence, the verb is used in the infinitive form:
Shall I close the window? Close a window?
Where shall we wait for you? Where should we wait for you?
Shall he wait for you at the hotel? Should he wait for you at the hotel?
Shall used with the 2nd and 3rd person singular and plural in affirmative and negative sentences. In this case shall has a modal meaning, giving action in the future tense a shade of promise, command, threat, warning on the part of the speaker. Modal meaning in Russian shall conveyed with appropriate intonation:
Tell her that she shall have the books tomorrow. Tell her that she will receive the books tomorrow (promise).
You shall write your exercises at once. You will write the exercises immediately (order).
Shall used with the 2nd and 3rd person singular and plural in agreements, contracts and other documents. In this case shall has a modal meaning, giving action in the future tense a connotation of obligation. The corresponding Russian sentence uses the future tense or more often “must” with an infinitive:
The Buyers shall have the right to inspect the goods during their manufacture. Buyers should have the right (will have the right) to inspect the product during its production process.
Should(past tense form of shall) is used as an auxiliary verb:
1. with the 1st person singular and plural to form the Future in the Past forms of the indicative mood:
I said that I should be glad to see him. I said I would be glad to see him.
2. with the 1st person singular and plural to form the subjunctive forms used in the main part of conditional sentences of the second and third types:
I should go there if I had time. I would go there if I had time.
Currently, instead of should usually used with 1st person would(both in Future in the Past and subjunctive forms).
3. with all singular and plural persons to form subjunctive forms used in the following types of sentences:
a) in subordinate clauses of subjects starting with the conjunction that after phrases like it is desirable - desirable, it is necessary - necessary, it is important - important, it is strange - strange, etc. (in combination with Simple and Perfect Infinitive):
It is strange that he should have said it. It's strange that he said that.
b) in additional subordinate clauses, when the predicate verb of the main sentence expresses determination, demand, proposal, agreement, order (in combination with the Simple Infinitive):
He ordered that the work should be done at once. He ordered the work to be done immediately.
c) in additional subordinate clauses, when the predicate verb of the main sentence expresses a feeling of regret, surprise, indignation, joy, etc. (in combination with Simple and Perfect Infinitive):
It is a pity that it should be so. It's a pity that this is so.
d) in subordinate clauses of the goal (in combination with the Simple Infinitive):
I"ll ring him up at once so that he shouldn"t wait for me. I'll call him immediately so he doesn't have to wait for me.
e) in subordinate clauses conditions (in combination with Simple Infinitive):
If they should come, I shall speak to them about it. If they come, I'll talk to them about it.
e) in straight lines and indirect issues, starting with why, to express strong surprise, bewilderment (in combination with Simple and Perfect Infinitive):
Why should you have behaved so? Why did you behave this way?
Should used as a verb with an independent modal meaning to express moral duty or advice with all persons singular and plural. Should in combination with Simple Infinitive is used when we are talking about the present or the future and is translated into Russian as “must, should, should, should”:
Shouldn't help them. He should (should, should, should) help them.
Should in combination with Perfect Infinitive used in relation to the past, expresses censure or reproach and is translated into Russian “should have, should have, should have, should have”:
Shouldn't have helped them. He should have (should have, should have, should have) helped them.
Should in combination with Infinitive Passive is translated into Russian “must, should, should, should” with the infinitive of the passive voice or “should, should, should” with the infinitive of the active voice:
This letter should be sent off at once. This letter should (should) be sent immediately. This letter should (should) be sent immediately.
In Russian, “should, should” can be used both in relation to the present or future, and in relation to the past. When “should, should” are used in relation to the present or future, they correspond to the combination should with the infinitive in the Simple form. When “should, should have” are used in relation to the past, they correspond to the combination should with the infinitive in the Perfect form:
You should (you should) do it now (tomorrow). You should do it now (tomorrow).
You should have (you should have) done this yesterday. You should have done it yesterday.
Should also used with a modal meaning in indirect speech depending on the verb in the past tense, when in the corresponding direct speech shall should be used with a modal meaning. Should in this case it is used according to the rule of tense agreement:
I asked him where I should wait for him. I asked him where I should wait for him.
Verb will used as an auxiliary verb in combination with an infinitive to form future tense forms with the 2nd and 3rd person singular and plural:
Will not come to Moscow soon. He will soon arrive in Moscow.
Will used with the 1st person singular and plural with a modal meaning, giving action in the future tense a connotation of desire, intention, consent or promise:
I will call on you tomorrow. I'll come see you tomorrow.
We will help him. We will help him.
Would(past form of will) is used as an auxiliary verb:
1. with the 2nd and 3rd person singular and plural to form the Future in the Past forms of the indicative mood:
Didn't say that he would come soon. He said he would come soon.
2. with the 2nd and 3rd person singular and plural to form the subjunctive forms used in the main part of conditional sentences of the second and third type:
Wouldn't go there if he had time. He would go there if he had time.
Would often used with 1st person instead should.
Would is used with a modal meaning with all singular and plural persons in negative sentences to express persistent reluctance to perform an action in the past and in this case is translated into Russian as “didn’t want to”:
Didn't try to persuade me, but I wouldn't listen to him. He tried to convince me, but I did not want to listen to him. I asked him several times to give up smoking, but he wouldn't. I asked him several times to quit smoking, but he didn't want to.
Would used to express a request:
Would you mind passing me the salt? Please pass me the salt.
Would used with all singular and plural persons to express a repeated action in the past with the meaning “happened”:
Wouldn't sit for hours on the shore and (would) look at the sea. He used to sit for hours on the shore and look at the sea.
The verb would in this case approaches in meaning to used (to). It should be borne in mind that in colloquial speech used (to) is used much more often than would.
Would used in indirect speech, depending on the verb in the past tense, with the 1st person singular and plural with a connotation of intention, desire or consent, when in the corresponding direct speech will should be used. Would
The verb would in English is used:
- 1. As an auxiliary verb for the formation of verb forms Future in the Past (future in the past) in the 2nd and 3rd person singular and plural (instead of the verb will).
He says he will come to see me tomorrow.
He says that (he) will visit me tomorrow.
BUT:
Not said(that) he would come next day.
He said he would visit me the next day
He said he would come early.
He said he would come early.
- 2. For expression strong desire refusal to perform an action. In relation to inanimate objects, would in these cases expresses resistance to human efforts.
Not wouldn't go to the doctor.
He never wants to go to the doctor.
I tried to close the case but it wouldn't.
I tried to close the suitcase, but it wouldn’t close.
In expressions:
a) would like instead of the verb want ( want) in the present tense to express a more polite form.
I would like to see you. I'd like to see you.
I would like an (some) ice-cream. I'd like some ice cream.
b) would like in interrogative sentences to express a proposal for something, an invitation to do something.
Would you like to try on this hat?
Would you like to try on this hat?
Would you like a well-done steak?
Would you like a well-cooked steak?
Would you like another cup of coffee?
(Would you like) another cup of coffee? (Want to…?)
V) would care instead of the verb want (want) in the present tense, but only in interrogative and negative sentences.
Would you care to see my etchings?
Would you like to see my engravings?
Would you care to have some more tea?
Would you like some more tea?
G) if only + would to express regret about an action that was not completed.
If only he would drive more slowly.
If only he had driven slower.
If only she would go by train.
If only she had taken the train.
- 3. As a modal verb in the following cases:
a) to express intention, desire.
Didn't say he would lend me some money to buy a car.
He said he would lend me money to buy a car.
BUT: In the affirmative form, if would expresses intention, it is used in a subordinate clause.
I said that I would help him.
I said I would help him.
IN negative form would is used independently in the sense of unwillingness to do something - wouldn’t (often with a connotation of “for nothing”, “under no pretext”).
I wouldn't lend him money to buy a car.
I don't want to lend him money to buy a car. (I refused…)
He wouldn't come to see me. (He refused to come.)
He didn't want to visit me. (He refused to come.)
b) to express repetition of action or persistence.
Not would wait for me at the corner of our house.
He used to wait for me at the corner of our house. (Or: And he (but he) was still waiting for me on the corner of our house.- Depending on the context.)
c) to express a polite request.
Would you show me that suit?
Please show me that suit over there.
Would you tell me where the nearest underground station is?
Can you tell me where the nearest metro station is?
We continue to delve into conditional sentences. I believe that after reading the article, watching the video and completing the tasks without errors)) you have figured out the structure of conditional sentences and are ready for a new portion of In today's article
“Conditional sentences - would, should, were. How not to get confused? I will comment on some features of conditional sentences that you need to know so as not to get confused.
1. Main and subordinate parts
Conditional sentences consist of main(from which we ask the question) and subordinate clause(to which we ask a question).
Example 1: If you finish your work tonight, we will go for a walk. (If you finish work tonight, we will go for a walk). — First Conditional, in which we will go for a walk — main part, since from it we ask a question to the subordinate clause: we will go for a walk under what condition? Answer: If you finish your work tonight.
When Speaking/Writing, it is very important to understand in which part which idea at what time you want to express, because will and would are NOT used in subordinate clauses (exception - see example 6.
2. Condition - consequence or consequence - condition
Subordinate clause (if), expressing the condition and main part (will, would), expressing a consequence, can change places in a sentence. BUT!! The times in these parts do not change.
Example 2: If you answered the phone, I would be grateful to you.
I would be grateful to you if you answered the phone.
(If you would answer the phone, I would be grateful. or I would be grateful if you would answer the phone.) - Second Conditional.
3. Punctuation in conditional sentences
Comma separates the subordinate and main parts, provided that the subordinate clause comes first, that is, before the main part.
Example 3. If I had received your e-mail , I would have replied immediately. BUT! I would have replied immediately if I had received the e-mail. (If I got your letter, I would have answered you right away.) — Third Conditional
4. Will/would in the subordinate clause (very important!)
Often the stumbling block for students studying Type 1 conditional sentences (First Conditional) is the verb to be. As I said above (see point 1. Main and subordinate parts), will and would are NOT used in subordinate clauses). Therefore, no matter how much it seems to you that it sounds better, (If I will be) - this is one of the typical mistakes of students in English language.
Example 4. If I am at home in the afternoon, I will help you (to) cook dinner.
If I'm home in the afternoon, I'll help you prepare dinner.
But! Exception to the rule!
If you would like to politely express a REQUEST, then will/would can be used in the if part. In this case, the condition as such is lost, and subordinate clause means “if you wouldn’t mind” (if you don’t mind)
Example 5. If you will fill in this form now, you can hand it in to reception. If you fill out this form now (if you don't mind, please), you can leave it with the secretary. = If you wouldn't mind filling in this form now, you can leave it with reception.
Example 6. If you would call will explain the task to you.= If you wouldn't mind calling us in 5 minutes, the teacher will explain the task to you.= If you ‘d be so kind as to call us, the teacher will explain the task to you. If you would be so kind as to call us in 5 minutes, the teacher will explain the task to you.
5. Would - would, perfect - 3 conditional
The particle “would” is the word “would” (and vice versa). Having seen while writing or hearing sentences with “would” (or with the particle “would”) while listening, you understand that we are talking about unrealistic actions, that is, 2, 3 or Mixed Conditionals are possible.
Example 7. If you had stayed at home, it would n't have happened. If would you stayed at home this would did not happen.
And in order to accurately remember the structure of the past unreal action (3 Conditional), make an association with the perfects (if + past perfect, would + present perfect).
Example 8. If the performance hadn't finished on time, we would have missed the bus. If the show hadn't ended on time, we would have missed the bus.
6. WERE for all persons
The verb to be is used in the form were with all singular persons. and many more numbers. (However, in colloquial speech (not in formal situations) was is also used.)
Example 9. If he were here, he would understand me.
If he were here, he would understand me.
Example 10. If you come on time, don’t call me. If you arrive on time, don't call me.
Example 11. Don’t wake me up if you get home late, will you? Don't wake me up if you come home late, okay? (!!! Pay attention to the translation of the word “good?”)
Example 12. Shall we go out if the weather is good? Shall we go for a walk if the weather is good?
8. Should in conditional sentences
1. In order to emphasize formality, omit IF and put SHOULD or WERE. 
Example 13. Should you have any further questions, please contact me. Please contact us if you have any questions.
2. And to show low probability of assumption(the condition is unlikely to happen), in addition to should they also use were:
Example 14. If the refrigerator should break down, you would repair it at your expense. If the refrigerator were to break (which is unlikely), you would have to repair it at your own expense.
Example 15. If I were to talk to her tomorrow, she would forgive me for forgetting her birthday. If I spoke to her tomorrow (which is unlikely), she would forgive me for forgetting her birthday.
9. Modal verbs in conditional sentences
In both parts of conditional sentences, you can use modal verbs, especially can, could, may, should.
Example 16. I could speak English better if I tried. I could speak English better if I tried.
Example 17. If you had called all your friends in, I might have come. If you invited all your friends, maybe I would come.
10. Questions in conditional sentences
If it is difficult to immediately translate a question containing a condition, make a statement out of it, translate it by defining , and then form a question, guided by tips, for example, from the article. Practice:
- Would you mind if I used your computer to send a letter?
- What would you do if you were me?
- What will you do if there is a fire in the building?
- What would happen if you lost your certificate?
- What will you do if he doesn't call?
The English language is very multifaceted. Of course, it is not as rich and intricate as the Russian one, however, it also has its own complexities and questions that require answers. The difference between will and would - what is it?
Introduction
To understand what the words will and would actually mean in English, what they are eaten with and how to use them correctly, you need to go from the very beginning and understand this topic gradually and slowly.
First, we need to start with the fact that would is a form of the verb will, but in the past tense. Accordingly, in order to understand the difference between will/would, we must first understand what the auxiliary verb “will” is.
What is "will"?
Will hides two meanings and two meanings.
- Will is literally translated from English as “will”, that is, in this version it is an independent part of speech. Example:
- This was this last will, and you should take it into consideration. (This was his last wish and you should take this into account.)
2. Will is also used in much more cases as an auxiliary part of speech to form the future tense. Example:
- I will accomplish all my homework, but first - coffee. (I'll do all my homework, but first, coffee.)
When do we use "will"?
There are several cases where we use will:
- When we talk about an action that will happen in the future. In this case, will is used together with the infinitive.
- A sudden decision: Someone is knocking the door. I"ll open. - Someone is knocking on the door. I’ll open it.
- Sentence: Maybe I will join you? - Maybe I'll join you?
- Request: Will you help me please? - Won't you help me?
- Order: You will answer all my questions immediately. - YOU will answer all my questions now.
- Promise: I promise, I will do with you wherever you want. - I promise that I will go with you wherever you want.
2. Using will we denote a habit in the present tense: I will from time to time go for a walk to the park and spend there more than two hours. - From time to time I go for a walk in the park and spend more than two hours there.
3. Persistence, perseverance, resistance - He won't tell me the story! - He won't tell me the story!
I can"t come out! The door won"t open. - I can't go out! The door doesn't open.
4. In conditional sentences of the first type (The 1st conditional). - If you spend some time on learning these chapters, you will be able to retell them. - If you spend a little time memorizing these chapters, you will be able to recite them.
What is "would"?
Everything is simple here. Would is a form of will, but in the past tense.
When do we use "would"?
Usually we use would, If:
- We make conditional sentences of the second type (The 2nd Conditional): If I had enough time, I "d drive you home. - If I had more time, I would take you home.
- "The future is in the past": We really thought, that it"d be too complicated. - We really thought that it would be too complicated.
- Perseverance, reluctance to act in the Past Simple: He "d not tell them the truth. - He did not tell them the truth.
Repeating actions, habits in the past (almost like the construction used to, would only with dynamic verbs): He would run the same business several years ago. - He had a similar business several years ago.
Main differences between will and would
The very first and most significant difference between will/would is the fact that:
1. Both will and would are auxiliary verbs that are used in different times: we use will in Future Indefinite (future indefinite). For example:
- Tomorrow we will gather together with my friends and share some breaking news. (Tomorrow we will gather with friends and share some news.)
- I am not going to visit my grandmother today, I will go to her in two days after passing all exams. (I'm not going to visit my grandmother today, I'll go to her two days after I've passed all my exams.)
- Look! This is a tiger! My mother and I will go to the zoo tomorrow and I will be able to see more wild animals. (Look, it's a tiger! Mom and I will go to the zoo tomorrow and I can see more wild animals.)
We use would when we speak in time Future Indefinite in the Past Tense (future indefinite in the past). For example:
- Anastasia was woundering if I "d go to the party with her. (Anastasia wondered if I would go to the party with her.)
- My teacher said that he"d be able to help us but for some pay. (My teacher said that he will help us but for some payment.)
- Alex told me thay his sister would arrive in several days. (Alex told me that his sister would arrive in a few days.)
2. The next difference between will and would is the use of both in conditional sentences of different types. As mentioned earlier, we use will when the 1st Conditional is used:
- If it won't be rainy, we will go with our dogs to the park. - If it weren't for rain, we would go with our dogs to the park.
- If I "m invited, I will go to your birthday party. - If I were invited, I would go to her birthday party.
- If you let me come in, I will explain you everything! - If you would let me in, I would explain everything to you.
3. We must not forget that would replaces will in indirect speech:
- She wondered if I "d be in the library on Friday. - She asked if I would be in the library on Friday.
- John said that he"d invite more friends, but his parents would probably not approve it. - John said that he would invite more friends, but his parents probably would not approve of it.
- He answered that his best friend would come back in several days. - He replied that his best friend would return in a few days.
4. It is with the help of would that we express the particle “would” in sentences like “conditionals”. For example:
- If I had not eaten so many cakes yesterday, I"d not have felt fat today. - If I had not eaten so many cakes yesterday, today I would not feel fat.
- If I had known the date of your final exam, I"d have wished you good luck earlier. - If I knew the date of your final exam, I would have wished you good luck earlier.
- If my father had not married for the second time, we"d have had much better relationships. - If my father had not married a second time, our relationship with him would have been much better.
5. If you don’t want to seem ignorant, then when expressing a request, use would instead of will, it will be much better heard. Example:
- Would you rather choose another piece of cake? - Could you choose another piece of pie?
- Would you come today to repair my piano? - Could you come over today to fix my piano?
- It "s so cold here! Would you please close the window? - It’s so cold here! Can you please close the window?
A bit of confusion
Considering the difference will/would, we must pay attention to the fact that very often these words are confused with other parts of speech, sometimes, well, completely unrelated to the words - the subjects of our discussions today. One of these “victims” is the verb want. It happens that people do not understand the difference between will and want. How and why is a mystery of nature, but let's figure it out.
The want/will difference is easy to understand. Want is a verb of desire and aspiration, literally translated it means “to want.” In this sense, will, as you remember, also means “desire, desire,” but this is a noun part of speech. Want is a verb, will is a noun. All clear?
Another confusion arises when using could and would, which are modal verbs. The could/would difference isn't too complicated either. Could is the but form in the past tense. Literally translated as “to be able to, to be able to.” And would is actually a particle of “would” or a more polite version of the verb “want” (in this case it is used together with “like” - “would like” - I would like a bottle of water. - I would like a bottle of water.)
And the last question we need to understand is the had/would difference. In general, this is the difference between the expressions had better and would rather. The expression had better is used with advice, admonition and threat; it can have the translation “it would be better for us/me/you, etc.”:
- You had better stop smoking. - You better quit smoking.
Would rather expresses preference, desire. It is also translated as “it would be better”, but at the same time expresses the result of some thoughts:
- I would rather accomplish this task tomorrow. - I’d better complete this task tomorrow.
Conclusion
We really want to believe that there will be as little confusion as possible in your English language learning journey. Study with pleasure, look for material, find out questions you don’t understand and remember: knowledge is power!
Here you can take a lesson on the topic: Future tense and the verb "will" in English. Future Simple Tense and "will".
In English there are several ways to express actions in the future tense. So, for example, using the phrase to be going to (plans and intentions), or using the Present Continuous tenses (pre-planned events) and Present Simple (schedules and programs).
However, the most important and ambiguous way of expressing the future simple tense in English is a short word will, which is both the future form of the verb to be and one of the modal verbs.
The form of the verb will is quite simple, since it does not vary in numbers or persons, and is used with the usual infinitive. The meaning of the word will is more complex, which we will look at in this lesson, along with its use in various sentences and some distinctive features.
I. The first thing you should familiarize yourself with is conjugation of the verb will in affirmative, negative and interrogative form, using personal pronouns as an example. pay attention to possible reductions.
1. Below is the conjugation in affirmative, negative and interrogative forms:
(+)
I will (I"ll) - I will
You will (You"ll) - You will / You will
He will (He"ll) - He will
She will (She"ll) - She will
It will (It"ll) - He/She will (inanimate)
We will (We"ll) - We will
They will (They"ll) - They will
(-)
I will not (I won't) - I won't
You will not (You won't) - You won't / You won't
He will not (He won't) - He won't
She will not (She won't) - She won't
It will not (It won't) - He/She will not (inanimate)
We will not (We won't) - We won't
They will not (They won't) - They won't
(?)
Will I..? - Will I be..?
Will you..? - Will you..? / Will you..?
Will he..? - Will he..?
Will she..? - Will she..?
Will it..? - Will he/she..? (inanimate)
Will we..? - Will we..?
Will they..? - Will they..?
As can be seen from the examples, will does not change in any way, and this is quite convenient when composing sentences. The only noticeable changes are visible in the shortened negative form - won"t /"wəunt/.
2. Due to the fact that the verb will belongs to the modal group, he obeys many of the rules of this particular group. For example, after all modal verbs (except have to and need to) in sentences follows the infinitive(original form of the verb). For example:
He will call you tomorrow. - He will call you tomorrow.
I won't tell you her secret. - I won't tell you her secret.
Will she be back by next Sunday? -Yes, she will. -No, she won't. - Will she be back by next Sunday? - Yes. - No.
Where will you stay during your holiday? - Where will you stay during your vacation?
As can be seen from the examples, marker words are often used in the simple future tense: tomorrow, next week, next month, in the future, in the coming year the coming year), soon (soon), in a week (in a week), in several days (in a few days), etc.
Also, several features can be seen from the examples interrogative sentences with the word will. First of all, these are short answers to general questions that must be repeat the verb will in affirmative and negative form. And the second feature is the ability to build special questions in the simple future tense with any question words (what, where, why, when, etc.) that are placed at the very beginning of the sentence.
II. The future tense verb will has many meanings. Let's consider each of them separately.
1. First of all, will, in contrast to the phrase to be going to, expresses spontaneous unplanned actions in the future. For example:
Fine, I"ll let you know when I"m free. - Okay, I'll let you know when I'm free.
- The phone is ringing. - I "ll answer it. - The phone rings. - I will answer.
I think, he will never call again. - I don't think he'll ever call again.
From the examples it is clear that these phrases express unplanned thoughts, i.e. that the speaker did not plan them in advance, but just decided. The last example also clearly demonstrates that instead of the particle not, the word never can be used to give a sentence a negative connotation.
2. The word will is often used in offers - promises. For example:
I will never leave you. - I'll never leave you.
It won't hurt, I promise. - It won't hurt, I promise.
3. Will is also used to express actions in the future that are inevitable. For example:
He will be far away at this time tomorrow. - He will be very far away by this time tomorrow.
I will turn 30 next September. - I will turn 30 next September.
4. One of the common uses of the word will is confident future forecasts and predictions. For example:
This card says that you"ll be happy with him. - This card says that you will be happy with him.
The weather won't change tomorrow. - The weather won't change tomorrow.
5. B the main part of conditional sentences of the first type the verb will is also often used. For example:
If it rains. I"ll wear a raincoat. - If it rains, I will put on a raincoat.
If you come with us, we"ll book a larger table. - If you come with us, we will reserve a larger table.
6. Will is also often used to express probable actions in future with expressions:
I think.., I hope.., I"m sure.., I"m afraid.., I promise.., possibly, probably, and some others. For example:
I think she will pass this exam. - I think she will pass this exam.
I promise that I"ll help you with your home task. - I promise I will help you with your homework.
I"m sure they"ll win. - I'm sure they will win.
I"m afraid he won"t come. - I'm afraid he won't come.
It"ll probably rain tonight. - It might rain tonight.
He'll possibly win this fight. - Perhaps he will win this fight.
III. In addition to the verb will, the modal verb shall is sometimes used to express the future simple tense. This is especially applicable to questions with shades of request (Request) or proposal(Offer). For example:
Shall we dance? - Shall we dance?
Shall I make you some coffee? - Shall I make you some coffee?
Shall I see you tomorrow? - Will we see you tomorrow?
It is believed that in British English shall is used in ordinary affirmative sentences with the first person (I shall, We shall), however, these are slightly outdated expressions.
Quite often the future simple tense with the verbs will and shall is used in English sayings. For example:
Broken friendship may be soldered, but will never be sound. - A cracked friendship can be mended, but it will never be strong again.
No herb will cure love. - Love cannot be cured by any potions.
He that will eat the kernel must crack the nut. - Anyone who wants to eat nuts must crack them. / If you don’t crack the nut, you won’t eat the kernel.
We shall see what we shall see. - We'll see about that later./ It depends on how you look.
Many words will not fill a bushel. - You can’t fill a vessel with many words. / You won’t be full of conversations.
If the sky falls, we shall catch larks. - If the sky falls, we will catch larks./ If only, if only.
Hawks will not pick hawks" eyes. - A hawk will not peck out a hawk's eyes.
Not that will not when he may, when he will he shall have nay. - He who doesn’t want to when he can, won’t be able to when he wants to.
As the tree falls, so shall it lie. - As the tree falls, so will it lie./Where the tree leaned, that’s where it fell.
Thus, we became familiar with the future tense in English, as well as with the verbs of the future: will and shall. In addition, we looked at the form and place of the verb will in sentences, plus its many meanings.
For a small charge, try to translate the following sentences in English:
I think he will like this gift.
The weather will change for the better next week.
He promised that he would call me.
Can I help you with these heavy bags?
Can you help me?
If it's cold, I'll put on my warm coat.
I'm sure this team will win.
She probably won't come.
It might rain tomorrow.
I'm afraid this won't help.
Where should we celebrate this Christmas?
