Change to green beret. maroon beret

The maroon beret is a difficult element of clothing for a military detachment special purpose, this is a symbol of valor and honor, the right to wear which not many are awarded. To receive this coveted insignia, there are only two possibilities:

1. A special beret can be earned for participation and display of courage in hostilities, for demonstrated courage and perseverance.
2. You can pass qualification tests for the right to wear this special headdress.

History of the headdress

Back in 1936, this item of clothing was introduced into female form. But in 1963 it was introduced into the uniform of the Marines, and in 1967, by the decision of General Margelov, this element of the uniform could be seen among the Airborne Forces. But the beret was officially introduced into the uniform of the Airborne Forces only in 1969. Vasily Filippovich Margelov borrowed it from the Marines, since he himself served there during the war. However, he did not immediately become maroon.

In 1980, during the World Olympics in Moscow, a special forces training company was created, on the basis of which, subsequently, the well-known Vityaz detachment was organized. The fighters of this unit required a special sign, which was somehow different from the others. This insignia was chosen to be a maroon beret. Maroon takes on the color, it has this color for a reason, the blood shed by fighters during participation in battles has the same color.

Until 1988, the beret was worn exclusively during parades, and all special forces soldiers had the right to wear it. But subsequently the choice of this special headdress was influenced by the brotherhood of maroon berets. Thanks to the former commander of the “Vityaz” detachment, Sergei Ivanovich Lysyuk, it was developed special program, which involves obtaining this honor through passing certain tests. The Brotherhood of maroon berets Vityaz initially carried out these tests behind the scenes, but in 1993 a regulation was adopted at the official level on passing qualification tests for the right to wear a maroon beret.

How are these tests carried out?

The tests have two purposes:

• They are designed to identify specially trained special forces soldiers capable of freeing hostages in special conditions and neutralize dangerous criminals.
• Another goal is motivational, creating an incentive for the entire special forces unit.

Not everyone is allowed to take such tests; military personnel who joined the army and served for at least six months under a contract or conscription into the internal troops have this right.

Has 2 stages, over 2 days. On the first day, applicants take tests in fire training, tactics, and also take those disciplines that were studied during training in special forces training courses. If the applicant passes this stage and receives a grade of at least “good”, he is admitted to the second stage. In addition, at the preliminary stage you must pass a physical fitness test.

The tests include a forced march of 3 kilometers, pull-ups and other exercises included in the program. After passing the preliminary exams, those who pass this stage and receive a grade of at least “excellent” are admitted to the main stage. In each discipline, they can be removed from the test for poor performance, so not everyone is allowed to the second stage.

The main stage includes:

• A forced march through difficult terrain with a length of about 10 kilometers.
• A complicated obstacle course.
• Shooting training.
• Test for the ability to storm multi-story buildings.
• Testing for acrobatic skills.
• Hand-to-hand combat.

While undergoing testing, fighters are subjected not only to enormous physical stress, but also to great psychological pressure. During the forced march stage, subjects are given additional commands. What are these commands? The commander conducting the test can give a command about a surprise attack by the enemy or create a simulation of passing through a zone with toxic substances.

In addition, overcoming obstacles with water and mud or evacuating the wounded only adds to the complexity. The time allotted for completing this test is determined according to weather conditions and terrain features. Fighters who do not meet the allotted time are not allowed to participate in further tests.

An equally difficult stage is the obstacle course. At this stage, special observation of the subjects is established. For every 5 people, 1 instructor is allocated, since there are frequent cases of injury at this stage.

Psychological pressure is exerted by sound effects simulating explosions and gunshots. Part of the strip is smoked to create special conditions close to real combat operations. It is not for nothing that the special forces motto sounds like “Special forces are like iron, without action they rust.” There are a lot of these actions during testing.

The subsequent stages are just as difficult. The final stage where skills are tested hand-to-hand combat carried out in special equipment. Wearing a protective helmet and boxing gloves, but even despite such protection, cases of knocked out teeth and broken nose in the subjects. However, for those who have passed all the tests with honor, all the difficulties of passing the tests become unimportant when they are awarded the insignia received in such a difficult struggle.

The presentation of the maroon beret takes place in a solemn atmosphere and in front of his colleagues, the fighter receives this award. At such a moment, emotions overwhelm everyone who with such difficulty won the right to wear this insignia. The soldier is given a beret and with the words: “I serve the fatherland and special forces!”, He becomes one of those who has the privilege of wearing this headdress of a special color.

Deprivation of the insignia

This measure is applied to fighters who, for some reason, were unable to maintain this privilege. This right can be deprived by various reasons. It is much easier to lose this right than to acquire it. The maroon beret may be deprived in cases where a fighter shows cowardice during hostilities or his actions led to the death of a comrade through his fault.

Besides that it's bad physical form, negligence, violation of discipline and the use of special training skills for selfish purposes may lead to the loss of this right. Such a decision can only be made in the council of maroon berets, based on a complaint received from the commander of the unit where the soldier serves.

After the service period was reduced to one year, only military personnel serving under a contract are allowed to take such tests. This insignia does not provide any special privileges in relation to other fighters. Does not entitle you to receive increased pay or special treatment in terms of promotion.

But every fighter who was awarded the honor of wearing this insignia on his head can say what great importance this attribute of clothing is personal to him. It may lose color and look different immediately after being awarded, but it is not just a piece of uniform, it is the award that every special forces soldier strives for.

Hello,

REGULATIONS "ON QUALIFICATION TESTS FOR THE RIGHT TO WEAR A MARKLE BERET"

The maroon beret is the symbol of a special forces unit and is worn only by those military personnel who are awarded this right according to their professional, physical and moral qualities, as well as military personnel of special forces units and units who took part in hostilities and special operations and received severe wounds and injuries that did not allow them to participate in tests.

I. Purpose of testing:
1. Identify military personnel with the highest individual training for actions to neutralize armed criminals, free hostages and perform other tasks in critical situations and emergency circumstances.
2. Creating an incentive to cultivate high moral qualities in military personnel.

II. Contract and conscript military personnel are allowed to take the tests(who have served for at least six months in special forces units) and have demonstrated solid knowledge and skills in all subjects of combat training of this course (with an overall rating of no lower than “good”), and are positively characterized in their service. IN this course The core subjects are special fire, special physical and tactical training of internal troops.

1. Admission to testing is carried out by the chairman of the Council of Maroon Berets on the basis of a report from the unit commander and successful completion preliminary tests for subjects.

Testing:

• 
  running 3 thousand meters;
  pull-up (according to NFP-87);
  The 4x10 test (push-ups, squat, prone, abdominal exercise, squat jump) is repeated seven times.

Testing is carried out 2-3 days before qualification tests.

2. The main tests are carried out in one day and include a forced march of at least 10 km, followed by overcoming obstacles in the SPP extreme conditions, a test of training in storming high-rise buildings, acrobatics and hand-to-hand combat.

At all stages of the test, the unit’s order appoints the senior officer from among the unit commanders, their deputies, or headquarters officers of the special forces unit.

Before committing a forced march, subjects line up on the parade ground.
The unit commander provides instructions and gives the order to march.

A. When performing a forced march, the following are decided:
- sudden “attack” by the enemy;
- attack from the air;
- overcoming a water obstacle (required);
- area of ​​agent contamination;
- overcoming rubble, swampy areas and other natural obstacles;

Evacuation of the wounded from the battlefield;

Performance physical exercise, flexion and extension of the arms in a lying position.

The control time for conducting a forced march is set by the unit commander depending on the time of year, weather conditions and terrain. The time for a forced march should not exceed two hours.
Military personnel who failed to meet given time, are not allowed for further testing.
During the forced march, psychological tests of a provocative nature are possible to identify psychologically unstable subjects.

B. A special obstacle course is overcome on the move after completing the march.

During stages A and B, the subjects are accompanied by instructors with “maroon berets”, based on 5 subjects, 1 instructor, who monitor the subjects’ compliance with the established standards, and, if necessary, evacuate the injured and unconscious to a mobile medical station.

Instructors are strictly prohibited from assisting subjects in marching and overcoming obstacles, as well as from interfering in the testing process or issuing any commands or orders.

Along the entire route, 5-7 checkpoints are determined, at which subjects who are more than 50 meters behind the general group are removed from the march.
Charges prepared for detonation at the fire control point must be suspended on poles to enhance the strength of the sound and prevent the throwing of stones and other objects on the ground.
The area where charges are located along the checkpoint is marked with red tape and signs “Explosive, passage prohibited!”

Smoke is produced by RDG-2B and RDG-2Ch products of low intensity, so that obstacles and control marks are visible to avoid trainees running into the charges!!!

After passing the OSP, in order to check the condition of the weapon during the forced march and overcoming obstacles, one blank shot is fired from a service weapon in the order indicated below.

The subjects who completed the march and passed the SPP are lined up in one line. The commander announces the list, the serviceman breaks down, sends a blank cartridge from the magazine into the chamber of the machine gun and fires upward; if the weapon fails, the subject is not allowed to undergo further testing.

B. Testing speed shooting skills against a background of fatigue.
Trainees immediately after checking the functionality of the weapon move to the firing line to perform 1 SUUS from a machine gun. The commander must think through and organize the shooting in such a way that the shooter spends no more than 20 seconds.

D. Testing skills in storming high-rise buildings using special descent equipment is carried out on a five-story building.
The initial position of the person being tested is one step from the window in the room on the 5th floor. On command, the person being tested attaches the SSU carabiner to the halyard and begins the descent. In the window opening on the 4th floor, a machine gun fires five blank cartridges. In the window opening on the 3rd floor he prepares an imitation grenade, on the 2nd floor he kicks out a mock-up window frame and throws a grenade. After this he descends to the ground. The duration of this exercise is 45 seconds.
Those who do not meet this deadline will not be allowed to participate in subsequent tests.

D. Performing acrobatic exercises.

Kip-up from a supine position;

A silhouette kick followed by a somersault;

Forward somersault from an acrobatic springboard or swing bridge.

The exercises should be performed one after another without stopping.

E. Performing 1, 2, 3, 4 complexes special exercises.
The complex is considered completed if the subject clearly, without failures, in strict sequence, with high quality individual blocks and strikes were performed by the entire complex.

G. Training matches (have special significance).

The fight lasts for 12 minutes without a break with a change of 4 partners, one of whom is the checker (a military man who already has a maroon beret).
A serviceman who survives without being knocked out and is active for 12 minutes is considered to have passed the test. The assessment of “pass” and “fail” is given by the inspector (who conducts sparring with the subjects) and the members of the commission who control the fights of the subjects.

Note:
The subject is allowed to provide medical assistance on the site for no more than 1 minute during the fight.

One examiner checks three subjects in turn.

In the case of a passive duel between subjects, they are “broken” for one minute, and the duel with each of them is conducted by inspectors who will participate in the tests of the next subjects. If the subjects continue to show passivity, the “breaking” is repeated.

The biggest mistake, which is practiced and present in all special forces units, is replacing the inspector with a “fresh” one, and this is where the beating of test subjects who are tired from the workload comes from. In the history of qualification tests, there have been cases when inspectors were deprived of their maroon berets because they were unable to complete the inspection within 12 minutes.

Chasing the number of maroon berets in a unit does not lead to any good!!!

The doctor's decision during testing is the most important thing.

PROCEDURE FOR EVALUATING THE ACTIONS OF SUBJECTS

When testing for the right to wear a maroon beret in a unit, a certification commission is created, which is issued by order for the unit. At each stage, members of the qualification commission evaluate the subject, recording the results of the exercises performed in the protocol. All stages are graded “pass” or “fail”. In case of “failure”, the subject is not allowed to undergo further testing. During the test, comments may be made to the subject, which are recorded in the protocol. If there are 3 comments, the serviceman is also removed from further testing.
A serviceman who has passed all tests with a “pass” rating is considered to have received the right to wear a maroon beret.

THE PRESENTATION OF THE MARKLE BERET IS MADE DURING THE GENERAL CONSTRUCTION OF THE UNIT, IN A SOLEMN SITUATION.

A soldier who has received the right to wear a maroon beret turns to face the line, kneels on his right knee, kisses the beret, puts it on his head, puts his hand to the headdress and loudly says: “I serve the Fatherland! And Special Forces!
The test results are documented in an act and issued an order for the unit, on the basis of which the serviceman has the right to wear a maroon beret with everyday and dress uniforms. A corresponding entry is made in the “Special Notes” column of the military ID and sealed with the official seal of the unit.

TESTING OF SPECIAL PURPOSE UNITS AGED 35 AND OLDER (REDUCED PROGRAM)

1. Point III-1a is one of the suggested exercises.

2. Cross 3 thousand according to NFP-87.

3. Training matches are conducted for 6 minutes without a break with a change of three partners. Conditions for conducting fights and the evaluation procedure in accordance with paragraph III-2e.

4. Tests according to points: III-1c, 2b pass without changes.

5. Tests according to points: III-2c, d, d are canceled.

A MARKLE BERET CAN BE AWARDED BY THE DECISION OF THE COUNCIL OF MARKLE BERETS

A. For courage and courage shown in the performance of military duty in combat and special operations.

B. If you receive severe injuries, injuries or concussions during special operations or during combat operations that do not allow for health reasons to undergo tests in accordance with paragraphs I, II, III.

B. To military personnel of formations, districts, and the State Committee for Military Internal Affairs of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia - for special services in the development of special purpose units and units.

FOR ACTIONS THAT DISCREDIT THE RANK OF A MILITARY SERVANT OF A SPECIAL PURPOSE UNIT, A MILITARY SERVANT MAY BE DENIED THE RIGHT TO WEAR A MARKLE BERET

Discrediting the rank of a military member of a special forces unit is:

A. Manifestation of elements of cowardice and cowardice during hostilities.

B. Miscalculations and unreasonable actions that resulted in the death of comrades, failure of a combat mission and other grave consequences.

B. Decrease in the level of your physical and special training.

D. The use of special hand-to-hand combat techniques outside of a combat situation and for personal gain.

D. Allowing hazing.

E. Gross violations of general military regulations and criminal legislation.

G. Systematic violation of military discipline.

The decision to deprive the right to wear a maroon beret is made by the Council of Maroon Berets of a military unit at the request of the unit commander.

Notes:
1. Tests for the right to wear a maroon beret are carried out at least once every six months.
2. Military personnel of the support and maintenance units of a special purpose military unit are not subject to high-altitude training testing, but are checked for compliance with the standards for their specialty.
3. Control over execution of this Regulation entrusted to the Council of Red Berets, the qualification commission and commanders of special forces units.
4. A mobile medical unit is used throughout all testing.
5. Equipment at stage 2a, b, c, d - body armor, protective helmet, service weapon.
Equipment at stage 2d, e - field uniform, sneakers.
Equipment at stage 2e - protective vest (indicated in the “Hand-to-Hand Combat” section), motorcycle helmet (open), boxing gloves.
6. Check for special fire training.
1 SUMS for explosives is carried out at stage 2a, b, depending on the capabilities and availability of training facilities.

Original:

In the special forces detachment “Vityaz”, qualification tests for the right to wear a maroon beret are held twice a year - in spring and autumn.

From the first days of the formation of the URSN, officers and warrant officers came up with the insignia - “ maroon beret" The head of combat training of the internal troops, Lieutenant General Sidorov, supported and approved this idea and, on his instructions, the first 25 berets made of maroon fabric were ordered from one of the factories.

From 1978 to 1988 berets were worn during demonstration exercises by a small group of military personnel, as well as by officers and sergeants on public holidays. In 1988, the father of one of the servicemen (Sergeant Simanenko) gave our company a gift - 113 berets, sewn from maroon cloth (the standard number of URSN). For six months, maroon berets were put on with the tacit consent of senior commanders, finding any reason for this. Having once again read M. Szabo’s book “Alpha Team” (memoirs of a former US Special Forces soldier), which described the process of selecting, recruiting and training “Green Berets,” the attitude of ordinary military personnel and the leadership of the Armed Forces and Special Operations Forces towards them changed. S.I. Lysyuk had the idea to introduce a special exam and thereby raise the authority of the “maroon beret”. Having received support from special forces instructors, we jointly compiled an examination program, which minor changes still exists today.

In the initial period, qualification tests had to be carried out illegally, under the guise of complex control classes. The wearing of a maroon beret by the select few did not find understanding among the command, which believed that this insignia should be worn by all military personnel of special forces units, regardless of their level of training. But time has taken its toll! The successful actions of special forces soldiers in special operations, their moral and psychological training have proven in practice the importance of these tests, which have become a tradition recognized by the command of the internal troops of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs. The regulation “On qualification tests of military personnel for the right to wear a maroon beret” is an annex to the combat training of special forces units of the internal troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia.

Regulations "On qualification tests for the right to wear a maroon beret"

The maroon beret is a symbol of a special forces unit and is worn only by those military personnel who have been awarded this right for their professional, physical and moral qualities, as well as by military personnel of special forces units and units who took part in hostilities and special operations and were seriously wounded and maimed. that do not allow participation in trials.

I. Purpose of testing:
1. Identify military personnel with the highest individual training for actions to neutralize armed criminals, free hostages and perform other tasks in critical situations and emergency circumstances.
2. Creating an incentive to cultivate high moral qualities in military personnel.

II. Contract servicemen and conscripted servicemen (who have served at least six months in special forces units) and who have demonstrated solid knowledge and skills in all combat training subjects of this course (with an overall rating of no less than “good”) and who have a positive performance record are allowed to take the tests . In this course, the core subjects are special fire, special physical and tactical training of internal troops.

1. Admission to testing is carried out by the chairman of the Council of Maroon Berets based on the report of the unit commander and the successful passing of preliminary tests by the subjects.

Testing:
- running 3 thousand meters;
- pull-up (according to NFP-87);
- 4x10 test (push-ups, squatting, lying down, abdominal exercise, jumping from a squatting position) is carried out in seven repetitions.

Testing is carried out 2-3 days before qualification tests.

2. The main tests are carried out in one day and include a forced march of at least 10 km, followed by overcoming obstacles in extreme conditions, testing training in storming high-rise buildings, acrobatics and hand-to-hand combat.

At all stages of the test, the unit’s order appoints the senior officer from among the unit commanders, their deputies, or headquarters officers of the special forces unit.

Before committing a forced march, subjects line up on the parade ground.
The unit commander provides instructions and gives the order to march.

A. When performing a forced march, the following introductory questions are decided:
- sudden “attack” by the enemy;
- attack from the air;
- overcoming a water obstacle (required);
- area of ​​agent contamination;
- overcoming rubble, swampy areas and other natural obstacles;

- evacuation of the wounded from the battlefield;

- performing physical exercises, bending and extending the arms in a lying position.

The control time for the forced march is set by the unit commander depending on the time of year, weather conditions and terrain. The time for a forced march should not exceed two hours.
Military personnel who do not meet this deadline will not be allowed to undergo further testing.
During the forced march, psychological tests of a provocative nature are possible to identify psychologically unstable subjects.

B. A special obstacle course is overcome on the move after completing the march.

During stages A and B, the subjects are accompanied by instructors with “maroon berets”, based on 5 subjects, 1 instructor, who monitor the subjects’ compliance with the established standards, and, if necessary, evacuate the injured and unconscious to a mobile medical station.

Instructors are strictly prohibited from assisting subjects in marching and overcoming obstacles, as well as from interfering in the testing process or issuing any commands or orders.

Along the entire route, 5-7 checkpoints are determined, at which subjects who are more than 50 meters behind the general group are removed from the march.
Charges prepared for detonation at the fire control point must be suspended on poles to enhance the strength of the sound and prevent the throwing of stones and other objects on the ground.
The area where charges are located along the checkpoint is marked with red tape and signs “Explosive, passage prohibited!”

Smoke is produced by RDG-2B and RDG-2Ch products of low intensity, so that obstacles and control marks are visible to avoid trainees running into the charges!!!

After passing the OSP, in order to check the condition of the weapon during the forced march and overcoming obstacles, one blank shot is fired from a service weapon in the order indicated below.

The subjects who completed the march and passed the SPP are lined up in one line. The commander announces the list, the serviceman breaks down, sends a blank cartridge from the magazine into the chamber of the machine gun and fires upward; if the weapon fails, the subject is not allowed to undergo further testing.

IN. Testing speed shooting skills against a background of fatigue.
Trainees immediately after checking the functionality of the weapon move to the firing line to perform 1 SUUS from a machine gun. The commander must think through and organize the shooting in such a way that the shooter spends no more than 20 seconds.

G. Testing skills in storming high-rise buildings using special descent equipment is carried out on a five-story building.
The initial position of the person being tested is one step from the window in the room on the 5th floor. On command, the person being tested attaches the SSU carabiner to the halyard and begins the descent. In the window opening on the 4th floor, a machine gun fires five blank cartridges. In the window opening on the 3rd floor he prepares an imitation grenade, on the 2nd floor he kicks out a mock-up window frame and throws a grenade. After this he descends to the ground. The duration of this exercise is 45 seconds.
Those who do not meet this deadline will not be allowed to participate in subsequent tests.

D. Performing acrobatic exercises.

- kip-up from a supine position;

- a kick to the silhouette followed by a somersault;

- forward somersault from an acrobatic springboard or swing bridge.

The exercises should be performed one after another without stopping.

E. Performing 1, 2, 3, 4 sets of special exercises.
The complex is considered completed if the subject clearly, without failures, in strict sequence, with high quality of individual blocks and blows completed the entire complex.

AND. Training matches (have special significance).

The fight lasts for 12 minutes without a break with a change of 4 partners, one of whom is the checker (a military man who already has a maroon beret).
A serviceman who survives without being knocked out and is active for 12 minutes is considered to have passed the test. The assessment of “pass” and “fail” is given by the inspector (who conducts sparring with the subjects) and the members of the commission who control the fights of the subjects.

Note:
The subject is allowed to provide medical assistance on the site for no more than 1 minute during the fight.

One examiner checks three subjects in turn.

In the case of a passive duel between subjects, they are “broken” for one minute, and the duel with each of them is conducted by inspectors who will participate in the tests of the next subjects. If the subjects continue to show passivity, the “breaking” is repeated.

The biggest mistake, which is practiced and present in all special forces units, is replacing the inspector with a “fresh” one, and this is where the beating of test subjects who are tired from the workload comes from. In the history of qualification tests, there have been cases when inspectors were deprived of their maroon berets because they were unable to complete the inspection within 12 minutes.

Chasing the number of maroon berets in a unit does not lead to any good!!!

The doctor's decision during testing is the most important thing.

PROCEDURE FOR EVALUATING THE ACTIONS OF SUBJECTS

When testing for the right to wear a maroon beret in a unit, a certification commission is created, which is issued by order for the unit. At each stage, members of the qualification commission evaluate the subject, recording the results of the exercises performed in the protocol. All stages are graded “pass” or “fail”. In case of “failure”, the subject is not allowed to undergo further testing. During the test, comments may be made to the subject, which are recorded in the protocol. If there are 3 comments, the serviceman is also removed from further testing.
A serviceman who has passed all tests with a “pass” rating is considered to have received the right to wear a maroon beret.

The maroon beret is presented during the general formation of the unit, in a solemn atmosphere.

A soldier who has received the right to wear a maroon beret turns to face the line, kneels on his right knee, kisses the beret, puts it on his head, puts his hand to the headdress and loudly says: “I serve the Fatherland! And Special Forces!
The test results are documented in an act and issued an order for the unit, on the basis of which the serviceman has the right to wear a maroon beret with everyday and dress uniforms. A corresponding entry is made in the “Special Notes” column of the military ID and sealed with the official seal of the unit.

TESTING OF SPECIAL PURPOSE UNITS AGED 35 AND OLDER (REDUCED PROGRAM)

1. Point III-1a is one of the suggested exercises.

2. Cross 3 thousand according to NFP-87.

3. Training matches are conducted for 6 minutes without a break with a change of three partners. Conditions for conducting fights and the evaluation procedure in accordance with paragraph III-2e.

4. Tests according to points: III-1c, 2b pass without changes.

5. Tests according to points: III-2c, d, d are canceled.

A. For courage and bravery shown in the performance of military duty in combat and special operations.

B. If you receive severe wounds, injuries or concussions during special operations or during combat operations, which do not allow you to undergo tests in accordance with paragraphs I, II, III due to health reasons.

B. To military personnel of formations, districts, and the State Committee for Military Internal Affairs of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia - for special services in the development of special purpose units and units.

FOR ACTIONS THAT DISCREDIT THE RANK OF A MILITARY SERVANT OF A SPECIAL PURPOSE UNIT, A MILITARY SERVANT MAY BE DENIED THE RIGHT TO WEAR A MARKLE BERET

Discrediting the rank of a military member of a special forces unit is:

A. Manifestation of elements of cowardice and cowardice during combat operations.

B. Miscalculations and unreasonable actions that resulted in the death of comrades, failure of a combat mission and other grave consequences.

IN. Reducing the level of your physical and special training.

G. The use of special hand-to-hand combat techniques outside of a combat situation and for personal gain.

D. Allowing hazing.

E. Gross violations of general military regulations and criminal legislation.

AND. Systematic violation of military discipline.

The decision to deprive the right to wear a maroon beret is made by the Council of Maroon Berets of a military unit at the request of the unit commander.

Notes:
1. Tests for the right to wear a maroon beret are carried out at least once every six months.
2. Military personnel of the support and maintenance units of a special purpose military unit are not subject to high-altitude training testing, but are checked for compliance with the standards for their specialty.
3. Control over the implementation of this Regulation is assigned to the Council of Maroon Berets, the Qualification Commission and the commanders of special forces units.
4. A mobile medical unit is used throughout all testing.
5. Equipment at stage 2a, b, c, d - body armor, protective helmet, service weapon.
Equipment at stage 2d, e - field uniform, sneakers.
Equipment at stage 2e - protective vest (indicated in the “Hand-to-Hand Combat” section), motorcycle helmet (open), boxing gloves.
6. Check for special fire training.
1 SUMS for explosives is carried out at stage 2a, b, depending on the capabilities and availability of training facilities.

The maroon beret is the symbol of a special forces unit. It can only be worn by those military personnel who have been able to prove this right with their professional, physical and moral qualities. Also, the right to wear is automatically awarded to military personnel of special forces units and units who participated in hostilities and received severe wounds and injuries that do not allow them to participate in tests for the right to wear a beret.

Purpose of the test

There are two main purposes of testing. The first is the identification of military personnel who have the highest individual training to neutralize armed criminals, free hostages, as well as to perform various other tasks that arise in critical situations and emergency circumstances. The second goal is to create an incentive among special forces military personnel to develop high moral and strong-willed qualities.

Military personnel who are serving under a contract or conscription (but who have served at least six months in a special forces unit) are allowed to take the tests. In this case, the fighter must demonstrate excellent knowledge and skills in all subjects of combat training (and have a grade in the subjects not lower than “good”), and also receive positive characterization according to service. When passing the test for the right to wear a beret, the main subjects are special fire, special physical and tactical training of internal troops.

Preliminary test

Before a soldier is allowed to undergo qualification tests, he must pass a final test during the training period under the program of special forces units. Wherein overall rating should be no lower than “good”, and the rating for special fire, special physical and tactical training of internal troops should be “excellent”.

Admission to the main tests for a maroon beret is carried out by the chairman of the Council of Maroon Berets on the basis of a report from the unit commander and subject to the successful passing of preliminary tests by the subjects.

Preliminary tests include a 3,000-meter run, a pull-up, and a 4x10 test, which includes a push-up, a squat, a prone, an abdominal exercise, a squat jump, and is repeated seven times.

All subjects must undergo this testing 2-3 days before the main qualification tests.

Main test

The main qualification tests are a set of exercises that are carried out over one day. The test includes a forced march of at least 10 km, followed by overcoming a special obstacle course in extreme conditions, testing training in storming high-rise buildings, acrobatics and hand-to-hand combat.

Before first stage of testing- forced march, instructions are given. All subjects line up on the parade ground, after which the unit commander gives instructions and gives the command to march.

During a forced march, the commander may be given the following introductory notes: sudden “shelling” by the enemy, an air attack, overcoming a water barrier, overcoming an area of ​​contamination with toxic substances, overcoming rubble, swampy areas and other natural obstacles, evacuating the wounded from the field. combat, performing physical exercises, bending and extending the arms in a prone position. In this case, the only mandatory introduction is to overcome the water obstacle.

The control time is set directly by the unit commander, and is determined depending on the time of year, weather conditions and the general terrain. Total time The time allotted for the forced march should not exceed two hours. All military personnel who did not meet the control time for completing the forced march are not allowed to undergo further testing. Also, very often during a forced march, various psychological tests of a provocative nature are conducted with the subjects, which are aimed at identifying psychologically unstable military personnel.

The next step A mandatory test is to overcome a special obstacle course. This happens right away, without preparation, immediately after the completion of the forced march.

During the first two stages, all subjects are accompanied by special instructors who already have a maroon beret, at the rate of 1 instructor for 5 subjects. They monitor how military personnel comply with established standards, and, if necessary, organize and supervise the evacuation of injured and unconscious subjects to a mobile medical station.

At the same time, instructors are strictly prohibited from providing subjects with any assistance during a march or obstacle course, as well as directly interfering in the process of passing the test, giving any commands or orders, or changing the test program.

Also, 5-7 checkpoints are installed along the entire route. They control the time of passing the test, and also remove from the forced march those military personnel who are more than 50 meters behind the main group of subjects.

Charges that are installed for detonation on a special obstacle course must be suspended on poles to enhance the strength of the sound, as well as to prevent the throwing of stones and other objects during the explosion. The area where the charges are located must be marked with red tape and signs with the inscription “Explosive, passage prohibited!”

Smoke on the obstacle course is carried out using low-intensity products RDG-2B and RDG-2Ch. They are installed in such a way that obstacles and control marks are visible, in order to prevent subjects from deviating from the route.

After military personnel successfully complete a special obstacle course, in order to check the condition of the weapon after passing the first two stages, they must fire one blank shot from it. This is done as follows.

All subjects who have completed the throw march and overcome the obstacle course, line up in one line. The commander reads out the list by name, after which the serviceman whose name was named breaks ranks, places a blank cartridge from the magazine into the chamber of the machine gun and fires a shot upward. If the weapon misfires, the serviceman is not allowed to undergo further testing.

After checking the weapon, it happensthird stageThe mandatory test for the maroon beret is a test of high-speed shooting skills against a background of body fatigue. The subjects move to the firing line to perform a special training exercise of firing from a machine gun. The commander must organize the shooting in such a way that it takes no more than 20 seconds per subject.

The next step A mandatory test is to test a serviceman's skills in storming high-rise buildings using special descent equipment. The test is carried out on a special five-story building.

The progress of the passage is as follows. The subject begins one step from the window of the room on the 5th floor. At the command of the commander, he connects the carabiner of the belay device to his halyard and begins to descend. Having reached the window opening on the fourth floor, he must fire five blank cartridges from a machine gun. In the window opening on the third floor, the subject must prepare an imitation grenade for throwing, and upon reaching the window opening on the second floor, he kicks out the model of the window frame and throws the grenade there. After this, the subject descends to the ground.

This test should take no more than 45 seconds to complete. Anyone who does not meet this deadline will not be allowed to proceed to further stages.

The next fifth stage The test is to perform acrobatic exercises. The test subject must perform the following exercises one after another without installation: lifting with a kip from a supine position, kicking the silhouette, followed by a somersault and a forward somersault from an acrobatic springboard or throw bridge.

Then comes the stage performing 1, 2, 3, 4 sets of special exercises. In order for the complex to be counted as completed, the subject must perform everything clearly, without failures or errors, in strict sequence, and with high quality of individual blocks and blows.

The last and most important stage Tests for the right to wear a maroon beret are training matches. The fight is held for 12 minutes without stopping with a change of 4 partners. One of the partners is necessarily an inspector who already has a maroon beret. Withstood final stage admits a soldier who spent all 12 minutes without being knocked out, and at the same time he himself acted actively during the entire time. Based on the results of the training match, a grade of “why” or “fail” is given. It is given by the inspector who participated in the sparring with the subject, as well as by the members of the certification commission who controlled the fights of the subjects.

According to the conditions of the test, within 12 minutes of completing a training battle, you can be asked to provide medical care on the site, lasting no more than 1 minute.

One examiner must check three subjects in turn. If we are talking about conducting a training fight, when two subjects participate in sparring, they behave passively with each other, the pair of them are broken up, and the inspectors conduct fights with each of them. If the subjects continue to behave passively during the fight, they are defeated again.

Very often, during a training match, the inspectors commit gross mistake. This is when the inspectors replace them with a “fresh” person, who ultimately practically beats up the test subject, who is already tired from the stress and training battle. Also, in the history of qualification tests for the right to wear a maroon beret, there were cases when the examiners themselves were deprived of maroon berets because they were unable to conduct 12 minutes of a training match.

The most important thing when conducting tests is the doctor’s decision. Based on his decision, the subject may be removed from further testing.

Test performance assessment

During the certification exam, a special commission is created in the unit, which is issued by order for the unit. At each stage of the examination, members of the commission evaluate the behavior of the subject, recording the results of the exercise performed in the protocols. At all stages, the test taker receives a “pass” or “fail” grade. In case of receiving a negative mark, the test taker is not allowed to take the further examination. Also during the test, comments may be made, which are also recorded in the protocol. If there are three comments, the subject is also removed from the test. Only those servicemen who have passed all tests with a “pass” rating can receive a maroon beret.

Presentation of a maroon beret

If the test is successfully passed, the serviceman is awarded a maroon beret. This occurs during the general formation of the unit and in a solemn atmosphere.

The soldier who was able to prove the right to wear a maroon beret turns to face the line, kneels on his right knee, kisses the beret and puts it on his head. Then he puts his hand to his headdress and loudly pronounces the phrase “I serve the Fatherland! And Special Forces!

After this, the results of passing the test for the right to wear a maroon beret are formalized in a special act and issued an order in part. Based on it, a serviceman has the right to wear a maroon beret with everyday and ceremonial uniforms clothes. Also, in the “Special Notes” column of the military beret, a record is made about the right to wear a maroon beret, which is sealed with the official seal of the unit.

In addition to passing the mandatory test, the maroon beret can also be awarded according to the decision of the maroon beret council in the following cases:

• For the courage and bravery shown by military personnel in the performance of military duty in combat and special operations.

• When a serviceman receives severe wounds, injuries or concussions during special operations or during combat operations, which do not allow him to undergo testing for a maroon beret due to health reasons.

• To military personnel of formations and districts of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia - for special services in the development of special purpose units and units.

Deprivation of the right to wear a maroon beret

Also, if a serviceman wearing a maroon beret commits offenses that discredit the high rank of a soldier in a special forces unit, he may be deprived of further right to wear a maroon beret. The fact of discredit is determined when the following actions are committed:

• Manifestation of elements of cowardice and cowardice during combat operations.

• Miscalculations and unreasonable actions that resulted in the death of comrades, failure of a combat mission and other grave consequences.

• Reducing the level of your physical and special training.

• The use of special hand-to-hand combat techniques outside of a combat situation and for personal gain.

• Allowing hazing.

• Gross violations of general military regulations and criminal legislation.

• Systematic violation of military discipline.

It should be noted that the decision to deprive the right to wear a maroon beret can only be made by the council of maroon berets and at the request of the unit commander.

Tests for wearing a maroon beret can be carried out at least once every six months. When passing the test for the right to wear a maroon beret by military personnel of the support and maintenance units of a special purpose military unit, they are not subject to a high-altitude training test, but are checked for compliance with the standards for their specialty. Once all tests are passed, a mobile medical unit is deployed.

When passing the tests, military personnel are equipped as follows. For the first four stages, starting with the forced march and ending with testing the skill of storming buildings, the person being tested must be wearing body armor, a protective helmet and a service weapon. For acrobatic testing - field uniform and sneakers. For training battles- protective vest, open-face motorcycle helmet and boxing gloves.

The right to wear a maroon beret is considered a source of extraordinary pride for special forces of the Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, and passing for a maroon beret can, in all likelihood, be considered the most difficult test for all military personnel of the internal troops and for employees of special forces of internal affairs bodies.

During the testing process, the stability of military personnel is subjected to the most diverse and multifaceted tests. Their endurance skills are tested by colossal physical activity, strong-willed qualities, the desire to pursue complete success, and, naturally, the level of moral and psychological preparation are tested.

Special Forces VV: a little history about the maroon beret

What special meaning does wearing a maroon beret carry? And in general, why do these berets actually have an unusual red color, speckled? It is known, for example, that airborne troops, as well as GRU special forces, wear sky-blue berets as their everyday uniform. Not long ago, the right to wear similar headdresses was given to Air Force personnel, and only under certain special circumstances.

So, if everything is quite clear with the paratroopers and GRU officers, then what explains the colors of the berets of the special forces of the internal troops? The right to wear a maroon beret is reserved for air force servicemen and special forces soldiers who have sufficiently high professionalism, physical, moral and psychological qualities, and who have successfully completed qualification tests.

Moreover, the provision of a maroon beret can be carried out for displaying courage and bravery during the performance of official duties, as well as for outstanding achievements in the formation of special forces. The maroon color matches the color of the maroon shoulder straps worn by conscript soldiers of the USSR Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. The same color was present on the bands of headdresses in the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs system.

Initially, maroon berets were adopted as a uniform headdress for special forces of the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs in 1978 in one special unit. This was the 9th special forces training company in the 3rd battalion, in the 2nd regiment of OMSDON (Separate Motorized Rifle Division for Special Purpose). The head of the military training of the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs, Lieutenant General A.G. Sidorov, supported and approved this idea.

Moreover, he personally gave instructions to place an order to one garment factory to sew the first 25 berets from maroon-colored fabric. In addition, to make it clear to everyone that a special forces soldier was standing in front of him, they decided to tilt the maroon beret not to the right ear, as is customary when wearing ordinary berets, but to the left. The very first soldier to become the owner of a maroon beret was a conscript soldier - Sergeant Georgy Stolbusenko.

There was talk that the 9th company was formed specifically for the 1980 Olympics. Moreover, it was believed then that it was precisely after the demonstration performances of maroon berets before the start of the Olympics that those who were plotting provocations suddenly lost their desire to do this, seeing who they would have to meet if something happened.

Special forces explosives: endurance or strength, which to give preference to?

And these days, in these, as in many other Russian special forces, Special attention The focus is always on developing endurance rather than increasing the level of strength training. For elite special forces of the Air Force, this is of no small importance, because in order to pass the exam for a maroon beret, they have to make a twelve-kilometer forced march with full equipment. In the process of passing the distance, warriors will have to face many tasks. And the forced march is not the only element of the tasks that will need to be completed during the verification process for the right to wear a maroon beret.

Special forces: surrender for a maroon beret, standards

Before testing, a certification commission is formed in the unit. Before this, the number of potential participants is determined, and their professional suitability is also checked. All this happens by passing physical training standards. In addition, fire, tactical, and special physical training are assessed. If these tests are rated lower than “excellent,” then military personnel are simply not allowed to take the exams.

The tests that potential competitors will have to face include a three-kilometer run, pull-ups, and a special complex with four exercises. Exercises include push-ups, squat-press, abdominal swing, and jumping up from a half-squat position. All this is done in order 7X10. Preliminary tests are completed two to three days before the main tests begin.

What is the purpose of the tests for passing the maroon beret?

The main goal of qualification tests is considered to be the selection of the most trained military personnel who have enhanced individual physical and fire skills. Such fighters will be treated in a special way in the future, because they will be very valuable specialists who will have to deal with real, especially dangerous criminals.

As already mentioned, the test is based on a 12-kilometer forced march. Each fighter wears all the equipment, including uniforms and personal weapons. Actually, at this stage of the competition, most of the likely participants are eliminated. However, if insufficient numbers of fighters have been eliminated, the distance increases until the required number has been eliminated.

A forced march includes running through the mountains, crossing swampy areas and bodies of water, carrying comrades, crawling on bellies, and others. Following the forced march, the warriors go through a fire-assault obstacle course. After passing it, a single shot is fired upward with a personal weapon to check the condition of the weapon. In case of a misfire, participants will be disqualified.

Next, fire training is carried out, despite the strong fatigue of the fighters, which significantly affects the accuracy and accuracy of fire. After the shooting range, the military begins the assault on the “five-story building.” Using special equipment, they descend from the roof and open fire on targets. At the same time, it is prohibited to hit targets simulating hostages. Upon landing, the fighters must have time to use the radio station to report the end of the assault operations.

Acrobatic challenges and hand-to-hand combat

And finally, the decisive and most difficult test is continuous hand-to-hand combat. Examinees who have reached this stage will fight for 12 minutes, 3x4. During the battles, the warriors will fight each other, and the two remaining rivals will be owners of maroon berets. This is very difficult, because the tested special forces are on the verge of exhaustion, and their opponents (“krapoviki”) are in excellent shape.

During the period of hand-to-hand combat, the main condition for the subjects is to prevent knockout. However, when fighting passively, warriors may receive a warning. During battles, warriors can be seriously injured, but this is the high price to pay for receiving a maroon beret.

The current test for obtaining a maroon beret

Today, military personnel undergoing military service in internal troops, do not pass examination tests to receive a maroon beret. Now the so-called veteran's surrender for the maroon beret is carried out. Only people who have completed military service, as well as contract military personnel, can take part in it.

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