Yuri Luzhkov made two mistakes: he wanted to go into big politics and married Elena Baturina. Yuri Luzhkov - biography, information, personal life
Luzhkov Yuri Mikhailovich - bright political figure Russian Federation, who ran Moscow for 18 years, Doctor of Chemical Sciences, writer, and recently a farmer.
Yuri Mikhailovich was born in Moscow (date of birth - September 21, 1936), but early childhood, as well as seven school years he spent in Konotop - in his grandmother’s house.
By the time he was born, the situation in the family was disastrous. Trying to survive, the parents were forced to work a lot: the father worked at the capital's oil depot, the mother got a job as a laborer at a factory. Therefore, it was decided to entrust the child to his paternal grandmother.
In 1953, Yuri Luzhkov, a graduate of the seven-year secondary school, returned to his parents in Moscow, where he completed his studies at school No. 529 (current school No. 1259) and entered the Institute. Gubkina. Studying was not easy, especially since at the same time I had to earn a living. During the institute, the future doctor of chemical sciences managed to work as a janitor and loader at a railway station.
At the same time, his outstanding organizational skills were revealed - the student held public events and continued Komsomol work. On initial stage working biography through the Komsomol line, Luzhkov ends up in Kazakhstan - he works as part of a student detachment, mastering virgin lands.
Career and politics
Immediately after receiving his diploma, Yuri Mikhailovich Luzhkov becomes a junior research fellow Research Institute of Plastics, where he is promoted to group leader and deputy head of the laboratory. His further career developed progressively.
In 1964, Luzhkov took up the position of head of the department for improving management of the State Committee for Chemistry, and seven years later he became head of the automated control system of the Ministry of Chemistry. industry of the USSR, and then director of the Khimavtomatika division of OKBA. Soon followed by a promotion to the position of director of NPO Khimavtomatika.
Since the mid-80s, Luzhkov was again transferred to serve in the Ministry, this time to leadership position to the Department of the Ministry of Chemical Industry. A year later, Yuri Mikhailovich gets a job in the Moscow City Executive Committee, where he first becomes deputy head and then receives the position of acting chairman. In 1991, Luzhkov became prime minister of the Moscow government, essentially performing the function of mayor.
In addition to work, all these years Yuri Mikhailovich has been paying attention to social activities. In 1968 he joined the ranks of the CPSU, in 1975 he became a deputy of the Babushkinsky district, and from 1987 to 1990 he served as a deputy of the Supreme Council.
Boris Yeltsin's decree appointing Luzhkov as mayor of the capital was issued on June 6, 1992. At that turbulent time, Yuri Mikhailovich supported the first Russian president, becoming his faithful ally. He remained in these positions during the constitutional crisis in October 1993. And in 1996, after all the ups and downs, he won the election for mayor of Moscow.
Luzhkov stayed in this post for the next 14 years. During this time, a lot was done for the capital. The city's retail space has increased 1.5 times with significant support for small businesses. The construction market began to grow, and the number of hotel complexes increased by 1/4. The Social Mortgage program began operating for low-income citizens, which helped them purchase housing at reduced loan rates. Luzhkov did not forget about pensioners and disabled people - the Department of Social Protection was organized. New jobs were created at industrial enterprises every year.
At the expense of budget funds, Yuri Mikhailovich Luzhkov erected new buildings of Moscow State University and equipped them with modern technical and scientific equipment. He also contributed to the revival of religious buildings: the Cathedral of Christ the Savior, the Iveron Gate and the Kazan Cathedral. Under Yuri Luzhkov, the first concert of the world stage star, the king of pop music Michael Jackson, took place at the Luzhniki stadium.
On the eve of the Russian presidential elections in 1999, with the support of Yuri Luzhkov, the Fatherland - All Russia political bloc was created, advocating the resignation of Boris Yeltsin, whose views the mayor of Moscow shared in the early 90s. Yevgeny Primakov became Luzhkov’s co-chairman in this organization. After the victory of Vladimir Putin, already in 2001, “OVR” joined the party “ United Russia" In the new organization, Yuri Luzhkov retained the post of chairman.
Even 6 years before the transition of Crimea to the jurisdiction of the Russian Federation, Yuri Luzhkov raised the issue of returning the peninsula. Later, the words of the mayor of Moscow about Crimea and Sevastopol were recognized as prophetic.
The first criticism of Luzhkov’s activities were the films “It’s About the Cap” and “Mayhem”, aired on NTV and Rossiya-24 in early September 2010. The accusations related to the increased level of corruption and exorbitant enrichment of members of the Luzhkov family.
Yuri Mikhailovich tried to protest the flow of negativity pouring from blue screens. Through Sergei Naryshkin, he conveyed a personal letter of appeal to President Dmitry Medvedev. However, the answer was the decree “On termination of powers due to loss of presidential confidence.”
On October 1, Yuri Mikhailovich Luzhkov left the walls of his office and handed over the mayor’s insignia. In his place, acting Vladimir Iosifovich Resin was appointed, and then Sergei Semenovich Sobyanin, former governor of the Tyumen region, deputy chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation, was elected.
After his resignation, Luzhkov moved his family to London, where his daughters continued their studies at Moscow State University, and his wife continued to develop the business. Later, the Luzhkov family chose Austria as their place of residence. In 2012, it became known that the former mayor of the capital was on the board of directors of Ufaorgsintez, and in 2013 he bought 87% of the shares of Weedern (buckwheat production, mushroom cultivation). Yuri Luzhkov, having long been interested in agriculture, in 2015 created his own farm in the Kaliningrad region, where, in addition to livestock, he grows winter crops and corn.
The “end of disgrace” happened on September 21, 2016, when, by decree of Vladimir Putin, Luzhkov was awarded the Order of Merit for the Fatherland. The award, according to Yuri Mikhailovich himself, became a real gift for his 80th anniversary. After the gala event, Luzhkov and Putin had a long conversation, the former mayor of Moscow thanked the president for getting out of the “timelessness in which he was immersed” since 2010.
Yuri Luzhkov is the author of a number of works on the history of Russia, chemistry, agriculture, and political science. Among Luzhkov’s latest books are “Transcapitalism and Russia”, “An Art That Cannot Be Lost”, “Homo? Sapiens? “Conquer the Universe”, “Socrates is always Socrates”, “Leadership Algorithms”.
In 2016, the book “Russia at the Crossroads: Deng Xiaoping and the Old Maids of Monetarism” was published from the pen of Yuri Luzhkov, and a year later Yuri Mikhailovich presented readers with his autobiography “Moscow and Life.”
Personal life
Luzhkov met his first wife Alevtina back in student years. They did not have any children together. And the marriage itself turned out to be short. His second wife was Marina Mikhailovna Bashilova, who bore him two sons - Alexander and Mikhail. Unfortunately, she died at age 54 from an aggressive malignant liver tumor.
For the third time, fate smiled at Yuri Mikhailovich in 1991, when he married Elena Baturina. The marriage turned out to be strong, Yuri Luzhkov no longer thought about changes in his personal life. Having given birth to two daughters (Elena and Olga), Elena became a faithful wife and reliable for her husband. business partner. The couple got married in 2016 - exactly a quarter of a century after the wedding. For several years in a row, Elena Baturina ranked first in the top 10 richest women in Russia according to Forbes. Her fortune is estimated at $1 billion.
For a long time there were rumors in the press that Luzhkov’s nationality was Jewish, and that his real name and surname were Moisha Katz. Considering that Yuri Mikhailovich’s father is from the village of Molodoy Tud, which is located not far from Tula, and his mother is a native of the distant Bashkir village of Kalegino, such speculation was considered someone’s joke.
This topic is periodically raised by Luzhkov’s relatives at anniversaries and family events. Most often it serves as a reason for good jokes and general fun.
Unfortunately, advanced age and excess weight(with a height of 174 cm, Luzhkov’s weight reaches 94 kg) made themselves felt, and at the end of December 2016, Luzhkov felt unwell during a visit to the reading room of the Moscow State University library. The condition turned out to be so bad that the staff of the educational institution had to call the resuscitation team.
Over the next 24 hours, Yuri Mikhailovich suffered a brief clinical death, but was successfully brought back to consciousness by Moscow doctors. Now his health is not in danger.
Yuri Luzhkov is one of the most recognizable political characters in Russia. His famous cap and passion for tennis are known to most residents of the country. In one capital park there is even a memorial statue of the “Tennis Mayor”.
He is also known for his characteristic gifts. According to close friends, Yuri Mikhailovich always considered honey from his personal apiary to be the best present. Managed there brother Luzhkov - Sergei Mikhailovich. However, the former mayor of the capital himself does not shy away from working with bees; he is well versed in types of honey and technologies for its extraction.
Few people know, but Yuri Luzhkov is a Doctor of Chemical Sciences, owner of hundreds of patents, author of 49 inventions and 11 industrial designs. Among his developments are inventions in the field of applied physics, medicine, chemistry, and design. The former mayor of Moscow invented the mechanized milking cup, a device for turning salt water into fresh water. Yuri Luzhkov became the author of a method for inactivating the bird flu virus and an algorithm for suppressing malignant tumors. He developed a working version of hydrogen production. As a designer and constructor, Luzhkov took part in the creation of the original taxi interior.
He created a model of the Russian Bistro porch, an expanding rocket engine nozzle and a transforming beehive.
Yuri Luzhkov now
In 2017, Yuri Luzhkov’s friend Telman Ismailov, former owner Cherkizovsky market, was charged in absentia with the murder of two businessmen in 2016. The entrepreneur himself does not plead guilty, although the Russian Prosecutor General's Office has taken up the case. In the interview, Yuri Luzhkov also did not recognize his friend as a criminal.
In 2018, Yuri Luzhkov attended Putin’s inauguration. Naina Yeltsina was also seen at the ceremony.
The ex-mayor of Moscow still pays attention to political events in Russia and the world; he expresses his thoughts on Twitter. Quotes from the former mayor of the capital are popular in social network, but Luzhkov does not have an official website.
Luzhkov Yuri Mikhailovich is a prominent political figure of the Russian Federation, who ruled Moscow for 18 years, a doctor of chemical sciences, a writer, and more recently a farmer.
Yuri Mikhailovich was born in Moscow (date of birth - September 21, 1936), but he spent his early childhood, as well as seven school years, in Konotop - in his grandmother’s house.
By the time he was born, the situation in the family was disastrous. Trying to survive, the parents were forced to work a lot: the father worked at the capital's oil depot, the mother got a job as a laborer at a factory. Therefore, it was decided to entrust the child to his paternal grandmother.
In 1953, Yuri Luzhkov, a graduate of a seven-year comprehensive school, returned to his parents in Moscow, where he completed his studies at school 529 (current school No. 1259) and entered the Institute. Gubkina. Studying was not easy, especially since at the same time I had to earn a living. During the institute, the future doctor of chemical sciences managed to work as a janitor and loader at a railway station.
At the same time, his outstanding organizational skills were revealed - the student held public events and continued Komsomol work. At the initial stage of his working life, through the Komsomol line, Luzhkov ends up in Kazakhstan - he works as part of a student detachment, mastering virgin lands.
Career and politics
Immediately after receiving his diploma, Yuri Mikhailovich Luzhkov becomes a junior researcher at the Plastics Research Institute, where he is promoted to group leader and deputy head of the laboratory. His further career developed progressively.
In 1964, Luzhkov took up the position of head of the department for improving management of the State Committee for Chemistry, and seven years later he became head of the automated control system of the Ministry of Chemistry. industry of the USSR, and then director of the Khimavtomatika division of OKBA. Soon followed by a promotion to the position of director of NPO Khimavtomatika.
Since the mid-80s, Luzhkov was again transferred to serve in the Ministry, this time to a senior position in the department of the Ministry of Chemical Industry. A year later, Yuri Mikhailovich gets a job in the Moscow City Executive Committee, where he first becomes deputy head and then receives the position of acting chairman. In 1991, Luzhkov became prime minister of the Moscow government, essentially performing the function of mayor.
In addition to work, all these years Yuri Mikhailovich has been paying attention to social activities. In 1968 he joined the ranks of the CPSU, in 1975 he became a deputy of the Babushkinsky district, and from 1987 to 1990 he served as a deputy of the Supreme Council.
The ex-mayor of Moscow still pays attention to political events in Russia and the world; he expresses his thoughts on Twitter. Quotes from the former mayor of the capital are popular on the social network, but Luzhkov does not have an official website.
Awards
- Luzhkov's activities in many positions were awarded honorary awards:
- medal “Defender of Freedom of Russia” for protecting the White House;
- Order of Honor for the restoration of architectural monuments of the capital;
- Order "For Military Merit" - for work for the benefit of Russia's defense capability;
- Order named after – for invaluable services to the Chechen Republic;
- Its archives contain many departmental and public awards, as well as foreign insignia: from Armenia and Belarus, Ukraine and Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Mongolia, Germany and Lebanon.
In Moscow.
In 1958 he graduated from the Moscow Institute of Petrochemical and Gas Industry (now Russian State University oil and gas) named after I.M. Gubkin with a degree in mechanical engineer.
In 1958-1963 he worked as a junior researcher, group leader, and deputy head of the automation laboratory. technological processes at the Research Institute (SRI) of plastics.
In 1964-1971 he was the head of the department for automation of management of the State Committee on Chemistry.
In 1971-1974 he served as head of the automated control systems (ACS) department.
In 1974-1980, Yuri Luzhkov worked as director of the experimental design bureau for automation at the Ministry chemical industry THE USSR.
In 1980 he was appointed general director scientific and production association "Neftekhimavtomatika", and in 1986 - head of the department for science and technology of the Ministry of Chemical Industry of the USSR.
In 1987, he became first deputy chairman of the Moscow City Executive Committee, chairman of the Moscow City Agro-Industrial Committee (Mosagroprom).
In June 1991, together with Popov, he was elected vice-mayor of Moscow.
In July 1991, he took the post of prime minister of the Moscow city government, formed on the basis of the Moscow City Executive Committee.
Yuri Luzhkov is a laureate of the State Prize of the Russian Federation in the field of science and technology (2000).
Awarded the Order of Lenin, the Red Banner of Labor, "For Services to the Fatherland" 1st degree (2006), "For Services to the Fatherland" 2nd degree (1995), "For Military Merit" (2003), the Order of Honor (2000), medals.
It has departmental awards and awards of the Russian Orthodox Church.
He was also awarded the honorary titles "Honored Chemist of the Russian Federation", "Honored Builder of the Russian Federation".
Yuri Luzhkov is married for the third time. The first marriage was a student marriage and quickly broke up. His second wife, Marina Bashilova, died in 1989. In 1991, Yuri Luzhkov married businesswoman Elena Baturina.
Elena Baturina headed Forbes rating "25 richest women Russia." Forbes estimated Baturina's fortune at $1.1 billion.
Yuri Luzhkov has four children. Two sons from his marriage with Marina Bashilova - Mikhail (1959) and Alexander (1973), and two daughters from Elena Baturina - Elena (1992) and Olga (1994).
The material was prepared based on information from RIA Novosti and open sources
Family friend, billionaire Yuri Gekht tells
- says family friend, billionaire Yuri Gekht
Why aren't criminal cases brought against LUZHKOV? - Vladimir PUTIN was asked at one of the recent press conferences.
It's too early. And why do you think that there is nothing about Luzhkov? - the president answered slyly...
The trial of the ex-mayor of Moscow and his cunning@opoy Millions of people are looking forward to their spouse. And among them, of course, Yuri GEKHT is a friend of his youth and a former accomplice of Yuri Mikhailovich, and now his irreconcilable enemy. Hecht was once a member of the Supreme economic council under the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the Russian Federation and a major bourgeois. And now he is a simple Israeli pensioner and, in fact, a criminal wanted by Interpol.
On the eve of Elena Nikolaevna’s anniversary (she will turn fifty dollars on March 8), Yuri Hekht was visited in the Promised Land by the special correspondent of Express Gazeta.
I've always stood up for Luzhkova, - Yuri Georgievich assures. - Even in 1993, when angry deputies wanted to remove him from the post of mayor. The capital was then writhing in dirt and poverty! At a meeting of the Presidium of the Supreme Council, I managed to repel Luzhkov. In fact, he is a strong business executive. Everything that happened to him later was the fault of the seasoned boor Elena Baturina. Previous wife - Marina Bashilova, daughter of the first deputy minister of the chemical industry of the USSR, was created by Luzhkova. And this matron made Yura the founder of corruption in Russia! For example, I was personally present when Luzhkov bought land in Sochi for next to nothing...
According to Hechta Having come to power, Luzhkov made him his confidant. Out of gratitude to his old friend, he had to grit his teeth and endure communication with his eccentric wife.
Betrayal
I not only had access to the house, but also personally arranged for Baturina to go to the best Moscow maternity hospital named after Grauerman! - Hecht remembers. - Due to her young age, she was terribly afraid of the first birth. A week later, I gave Elena a watch for 300 dollars - then it was a decent amount - as a present for the newborn. Baturina had never tried on such elegant things: she ran around with a watch like a child. In those years, there were no imported goods in stores, and I often traveled abroad. Baturina's girls were dressed and shoed. I also kept in touch with Luzhkov’s children from a previous marriage. But Elena did not let them on the threshold. Junior Alexander I could still come to my dad’s work, but the eldest Mikhail was afraid. Elena arranged this for her husband! Misha took his father's betrayal seriously. Started drinking. Of course, Luzhkov did not like this. (My son, by the way, worked in the gas industry, and as soon as Luzhkov was removed, he was also asked.)
It was Hecht, according to him, who persuaded Luzhkov to begin competitive investment in capital real estate.
Luzhkov, having become mayor, did not know what to do, says Hecht. - There is no money, there is devastation, but the city needs to be rebuilt. In June 1992, at the height of Gaidar's all-consuming reform, I proposed to him the idea of private investment in construction. Yura doubted: “Who will go? Such a risk! I say: “I am!” And he was the first to take part in a competition to invest in the construction of two prestigious buildings in the capital.
Yuri Gekht proudly calls himself a “hereditary papermaker” - since 1740, his ancestors have been producing paper. During perestroika he was lucky:
The Ministry of Forestry and Pulp and Paper decided to unite the most backward enterprises in the industry that were not feeding themselves. And I was appointed general director of Sokolniki Production Association. It also included the Serpukhov paper mill. In 1987, I rented it, and in ’89 the association was privatized. The ministry allowed me, as director, to receive 49 percent of the shares, the rest remained with the team. But then privatization began according to Chubais, and everyone who was not too lazy began buying shares from workers right on the streets. By decision of the general meeting, people did not sell to strangers, but trusted me to buy out the remaining shares. Since then, I have often heard whispers behind my back: “The first Soviet billionaire is coming.” But I couldn’t even touch this money, I never used the dividends - I directed everything towards the development of production. Now the enterprise has been destroyed, more than a thousand people have been laid off. Only one paper mill in Vladimir is operating, and the Serpukhov mill was captured by raiders...
Sperm
Luzhkov was afraid of his wife like fire, - says Yuri Georgievich. - He pulled me home every Saturday. Somehow we were sitting with them Tsereteli. It's almost midnight and he won't let us go. We understand: another scandal is brewing. Elena comes out in a hastily wrapped robe and says: “It’s time to go to bed!” Yuri doesn't react. Then she comes up, takes off her slipper and slaps him on his bald head!
And what did you do at the Queen’s reception in 2004 in London? Just came to power Tony Blair. Everyone has gathered, we are sitting and waiting for Baturina. Yuri is running around, nervous. Finally, Elena enters the hotel with a racket. Luzhkov: “Lena, the queen is waiting for us!” - “Nothing, he’ll wait.” Seven minutes later, Yuri jumps out into the hall in red spots: “We’re going without her!”
In the USA, in a shopping center, Elena suddenly shouted at Luzhkov to the whole room so much that the whole delegation of us burned with shame. And in Munich she went to a horse farm. There she was given the sperm of one of the best stallions. She immediately hid the priceless flask at the hotel, but when she began to pack her things to leave, she could not find it. City Hall employee Vladimir Lebedev offered to check her suitcase, but she got angry and gave young man a few slaps. In Moscow, after a customs inspection, we decided to see if all the things were in place, and we found a flask with sperm in her suitcase!
Boorish
Hecht had a serious conflict with Baturina in 2004 in the office of the first deputy mayor Vladimir Resin, who oversaw the construction.
There I learned: Lena wanted three old residential buildings near the Arbatskaya metro station, which belonged to me. (Now they are owned by Telman Ismailov.) I wanted to build a hotel on this land. I evicted 240 families, talked to each tenant personally - I didn’t receive a single complaint. Invested $23 million in the facility. But after the default, I couldn’t start construction. I understand: there is a formal reason to find fault, Lena will not back down. I agreed to sign an agreement on the transfer of objects, but only on condition of payment of compensation: “Lena, return what you spent!” But she told Resin: “Let his friend Luzhkov compensate him.” I couldn’t resist and hit the table with my fist: “You’re just a village boor!” Luzhkov first tried to help me out. But Baturina stood her ground. As a result, she brought contracts for the purchase of all objects, and the amount of compensation was 50 thousand rubles! Realizing that I would not sign, he and Resin offered me three dilapidated buildings on Arbat: garbage dumps bought by Caucasians that needed to be resettled. Even 150 million dollars would not be enough for me! I came to Resin and said: “Am I now going to resettle all of Moscow at my own expense?” He said that I would not sign the agreement until it stipulated that the eviction would be carried out at the expense of Moscow. But Luzhkov betrayed me and did not sign.
Setup
In 2004, Hecht suffered from severe kidney problems, and he decided to receive treatment in Israel.
And shortly before leaving, three people close to Luzhkov warned that an attempt was being prepared on my life, - says Yuri Georgievich. - The vice mayor was the first to call Joseph Ordzhonikidze- he oversaw the hotel and gambling business. He started talking about some nonsense. I told him: “Did you call me for this?” Suddenly he gets up from his chair and whispers: “Yura, leave immediately, I beg you!”
Events were not long in coming. First, Hecht had an accident: a truck blocked the way for his car. Hecht and the driver miraculously survived:
Soon I was accused of kidnapping a person, a certain Vladimir Baryshnikov-Kuparenko, who was supposed to deliver German equipment to my factory, but deceived me: the equipment did not arrive on time. I punched this Baryshnikov in the face and threatened to terminate the contract and collect the amount paid to him and damages. This scoundrel saw on my table the magazine “Kompromat.RU”, in the creation of which I participated. The latest issue described in detail how Baturina received land plots for construction without competition and how payments were transferred through Mosbusinessbank and Bank of Moscow budget resources to finance her ventures. Baryshnikov decided to take advantage of my conflict with Baturina and went to see her with this magazine. Elena immediately bought the entire circulation, and they developed a scheme to eliminate me from the market.
According to Hecht, the operation was supervised by the former chief of the Moscow police, Colonel General Vladimir Pronin.
Baryshnikov staged his kidnapping, - explains Yuri Georgievich, - allegedly carried out on my order. He imitated an escape from my office, where the kidnappers allegedly locked him for Saturday-Sunday, and he supposedly went into the toilet, climbed out through the window and arrived by taxi to the reception of the mayor of Moscow, and then turned to law enforcement agencies with a statement. On the basis of this nonsense, they arrested the athletes with whom I was seen in the restaurant in the evening after the competition - I supervised sports in Serpukhov. They were made the perpetrators of this pseudo-kidnapping. They gave me eight years. I did my best to get them out. They were released after two years for a huge bribe.
After a successful kidney transplant operation, Yuri Georgievich found hope of returning to Russia.
“I’m not hiding,” says the exile. - I correspond with Interpol, but everyone is “looking” for me. I was denied a Russian pension and a Russian international passport, despite court confirmation that I am a Russian citizen. Through Telman Ismailov, Baturina took all my property. I haven’t communicated with Luzhkov since then - it’s useless: he, in fact, became her hostage. But I must return to Russia to prove my innocence. The only thing I ask the president Putin and premiere Medvedev, - to give me the opportunity to personally participate in the investigation of a criminal case.
Yuri Mikhailovich Luzhkov. Born on September 21, 1936 in Moscow. Soviet and Russian statesman and politician, mayor of Moscow in 1992-2010.
Father - Mikhail Andreevich Luzhkov, a carpenter, originally from the village of Molodoy Tud (now Oleninsky district of the Tver region), moved to Moscow in 1928. A participant in the Great Patriotic War, he was seriously wounded on March 16, 1942, and was captured. Re-conscripted into the Red Army in 1944 by the Ananyevsky RVK of Odessa. In 1945, he fought in the 960th Infantry Regiment of the 299th Infantry Division of the 3rd Ukrainian Front. Awarded two medals “For Military Merit”.
Mother - Anna Petrovna Luzhkova (nee Syropyatova; 1912-1994), originally from the village of Kalegino, Birsky district, Ufa province (now a village in the Kaltasinsky district of Bashkortostan), worked at a factory as a general worker.
Younger brother- Sergei Mikhailovich Luzhkov (born 1938).
Yuri Luzhkov spent his childhood and youth with his grandmother in Konotop, Sumy region of Ukraine. There he graduated from a seven-year school.
Then he returned to Moscow. In grades 8-10 he studied at school No. 529 (now school No. 1259), graduated in 1953.
In 1954, he worked in the first student team that explored virgin lands in Kazakhstan.
Graduated from the Institute of Petrochemical and Gas Industry named after. Gubkina. While studying at the institute, he was actively involved in Komsomol work and organized public events.
In 1958-1963 he worked at the Research Institute of Plastics as a junior researcher, group leader, and deputy head of the technological process automation laboratory.
In 1964-1971 - head of the department for automation of management of the State Committee for Chemistry.
In 1971-1974 - head of the department of automated control systems (ACS) of the USSR Ministry of Chemical Industry.
In 1974, Luzhkov was appointed director of the Automation Experimental Design Bureau (OKBA). Since 1980, he has been the director of the Khimavtomatika Research and Production Association, which included the Moscow OKBA, which he previously headed.
Since 1986 - Head of the Department of Science and Technology of the USSR Ministry of Chemical Industry.
Member of the CPSU since 1968 (and until its ban in August 1991).
In 1975 he was elected as a deputy of the Babushkinsky District Council of Moscow, from 1977 to 1990 - of the Moscow City Council of People's Deputies (Mossovet).
In 1987-1990 he was a deputy of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR.
In 1987, on the initiative of the first secretary of the Moscow City Committee of the CPSU, who was selecting fresh personnel, he was appointed first deputy chairman of the executive committee of the Moscow City Council of People's Deputies (Moscow City Executive Committee). At the same time, Luzhkov became chairman of the Moscow City Agro-Industrial Committee and headed the city commission on cooperative and individual labor activities.
In April 1990, before the first session of the newly elected democratic Moscow Council, he became acting chairman of the Moscow City Executive Committee as a result of the resignation of the last communist chairman of the executive committee, Valery Saikin. New Chairman The Moscow City Council, Gavriil Popov, on the recommendation of Yeltsin, nominated Luzhkov to the post of chairman of the Moscow City Executive Committee.
On June 12, 1991, in the first elections of the mayor of Moscow, Luzhkov was elected vice-mayor of Moscow, and Gavriil Popov was elected mayor of Moscow.
On June 24, 1991, he became prime minister of the Moscow government, created instead of the Moscow City Executive Committee. At the same time, he continued to exercise the powers of the chairman of the Moscow City Executive Committee for some time.
During the events of August 1991, Luzhkov took an active part in the defense of the White House.
On August 24, 1991, without leaving the post of Prime Minister of the Moscow Government, he was appointed one of the deputy heads of the Committee on operational management national economy USSR, created instead of the Union Cabinet of Ministers. Responsible for issues related to the agro-industrial complex, trade, foreign economic relations and social sphere. Two months later, Luzhkov left the committee.
On June 6, 1992, Moscow Mayor Gavriil Popov resigned due to interruptions in the supply of food products to the population, some of which had to be distributed using coupons. By decree of Russian President Boris Yeltsin, Luzhkov was appointed mayor of Moscow and combined the positions of mayor and prime minister of the Moscow government. The Moscow City Council unsuccessfully tried to challenge the legality of this combination of positions.
Luzhkov was elected mayor of Moscow three times: in 1996 he received 87.5%, in 1999 - 69.89%, in 2003 - 74.81% of the votes. V.P. was elected vice-mayor together with Luzhkov the first two times. Shantsev, then the post ceased to be elective.
In September-October 1993, during the constitutional crisis, he sided with Yeltsin. As a measure of pressure on the deputies who did not want to leave, the Supreme Council ordered to turn off the electricity and hot water in parliament, and telephones in the entire surrounding area. September 24, 1993 and. O. Russian President Alexander Rutskoy issued a decree that had no practical consequences on the dismissal of Yu. M. Luzhkov from the post of mayor of Moscow. In fact, Luzhkov continued to perform his duties until the 1996 mayoral elections, in which he won.
In December 1994, Luzhkov established the first commercial television company in Russia - Teleexpo.
Luzhkov repeatedly expressed support for the policies of Yeltsin and the government in Chechnya.
In 1995, he took part in the creation of the “Our Home is Russia” movement and supported it in the Duma elections at the end of that year. However, he himself did not join the NDR.
In 1996, he took an active part in the presidential campaign, supporting Boris Yeltsin.
In December 1996, at the initiative of Luzhkov, the Federation Council recognized Sevastopol as part of Russian territory and qualified the actions of the Ukrainian leadership to secede it as contrary to international law.
At the elections in 1999, together with he headed the Fatherland - All Russia electoral bloc, which criticized the policies of President Yeltsin and advocated his early resignation.
Member of the Federation Council, was a member of its budget committee, tax policy, currency regulation, banking activities (1996-2001). He held the position of member of the Federation Council in accordance with the procedure in force at that time as the head of the subject of the federation, the representative of the Russian Federation in the Chamber of Regions of the Congress of Local and Regional Authorities of Europe.
Since November 1998, Luzhkov has been the leader of the All-Russian political public organization "Fatherland". In 2001, at the founding congress of United Russia, he was elected co-chairman of the Supreme Council of the United Russia party.
Since 2000, he has been a member of the State Council of the Russian Federation.
In August 2001, the post of prime minister of the Moscow government was abolished. The mayor of Moscow became the head of the capital's government (up to this point, there were two positions: mayor and prime minister, and both were held by Yuri Luzhkov).
In 2002, he came up with the idea of returning the monument to Dzerzhinsky to Lubyanka Square in Moscow, but this initiative did not receive support from the authorities.
In June 2007, upon the recommendation of the President of the Russian Federation, deputies of the Moscow City Duma, Yuri Luzhkov was again vested with the powers of the mayor of Moscow for a four-year term.
Moscow under Luzhkov has grown significantly as an important economic center. Thus, the total retail area of the city increased from 2.3 million m² in 1997 to 3.06 million m² by January 1, 2001. The number of hotel-type organizations increased by almost a quarter. The index of industrial production, as a percentage of the previous year, is 77% in 1992, 99% in 1997, 102% in 1998, 114% in 1999. The construction market has risen quite strongly.
During this period, the appearance of Moscow underwent significant changes: many new buildings were built, highways and transport interchanges.
In the 1990s, the Cathedral of Christ the Savior, the Kazan Cathedral and the Iveron Gate were completely restored.
In 1995, the Moscow government, with the active participation of Luzhkov, decided to create the Rogozhskaya Sloboda architectural reserve and transfer the buildings and structures of the ensemble to the Russian Orthodox Church for free and indefinite use. The decision was timed to coincide with the celebration of the 100th anniversary of the unsealing of the altars of the churches of the Rogozhskoe cemetery.
For the 50th anniversary of Victory in the Great Patriotic War, a memorial complex and Victory Park were founded on Poklonnaya Hill. Opened after restoration Grand Theatre. A considerable number of office and residential buildings, cultural and entertainment centers have been built. New sculptures and monuments are also being created, and in 2010, in honor of the 65th anniversary of Victory in the Great Patriotic War, two new Eternal Flames were lit on Poklonnaya Gora and Preobrazhenskoye Cemetery.
During Luzhkov's work, Gostiny Dvor (with the addition of an ultra-modern glass roof in Luzhkov's style), part of the Kitai-Gorod wall, the Petrovsky Travel Palace and several large parks of the capital, such as Kuskovo and Kuzminki, were reconstructed or restored.
In 2008, the Church of Pope Clement was transferred to the Russian Orthodox Church, and on the initiative of Luzhkov, a large-scale restoration began there to recreate the historical appearance.
In February 2010, they ordered the reconstruction of Khitrovskaya Square and the surrounding historical buildings.
Under Luzhkov, the construction of skyscrapers, such as the buildings of the Moscow City complex, began for the first time.
Yuri Luzhkov has repeatedly been criticized for the alleged preferences he provided as mayor of Moscow to the structures of his wife Elena Baturina. Thus, it was noted that in the summer of 2009, at a time when other development companies faced significant difficulties associated with the economic crisis, Baturina’s company Inteko repaid bank loans in the amount of 27 billion rubles ahead of schedule. One of the sources of debt repayment was the sale of a land plot with an area of 58 hectares in the south-west of Moscow for 13 billion rubles, that is, 220 million rubles. for 1 hectare (this price, according to Vedomosti, corresponded to the pre-crisis price and was approximately twice as high as the current price at that time). The buyer of the land was a structure close to the Bank of Moscow, and, according to the newspaper, the purchase was paid for with a loan from this bank. At the same time, the largest shareholder of the Bank of Moscow is the Moscow Government. With all this, Inteko remained the developer of the land already sold and the beneficiary in the implementation of projects on this site. The Kommersant newspaper, the day after Luzhkov’s resignation, announced that the Investigative Committee and the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation were conducting a pre-investigation check regarding these facts.
In September 2010, several documentaries with criticism of Luzhkov’s activities as mayor of Moscow: “It’s about the cap” on NTV, then - “Lawlessness. Moscow, which we lost” on Russia-24. On September 27, 2010, Yuri Luzhkov handed over to the head of the Russian Presidential Administration Sergei Naryshkin a letter addressed to Russian President Dmitry Medvedev, in which he expressed indignation at the president’s inaction regarding the appearance of negative programs about himself on television.
On September 28, 2010, the President of Russia signed a decree “On the early termination of the powers of the Mayor of Moscow”, according to which Luzhkov was relieved of his post as mayor of Moscow “due to the loss of confidence of the President of the Russian Federation”. Medvedev used this formulation for the first time; before him, this procedure was used by Vladimir Putin several times during his second presidency to impeach regional heads (governor of the Koryak Autonomous Okrug Vladimir Loginov in March 2005, arrested head of the administration of the Nenets Autonomous Okrug Alexey Barinov in July 2006 and under investigation governor of the Amur region Leonid Korotkov in May 2007).
Later Yuri Luzhkov on the reasons for his dismissal from the post of mayor of Moscow said that he was dismissed because he refused to support Dmitry Medvedev’s intention to run for a second presidential term. In his autobiographical book “Moscow and Life,” Luzhkov noted that in April 2010, businessman Boris Khait came to him and asked him to support Medvedev in the 2012 elections. Khait also warned that withholding support current president will lead to the end political career Luzhkov, and also that “sanctions will follow.” Luzhkov writes that he “resolutely refused” the offer and asked Khait to convey that the meeting was a failure. About ten days later, the entrepreneur asked for a meeting again. After another refusal by the current mayor of Moscow, “accusations of causing smoke in Moscow with burning peat bogs in the Moscow region” followed, “provocative films” were made about his family, accusations were made on television and in the printed press. Yuri Mikhailovich Luzhkov considered all this a manifestation of revenge. After some time, the mayor of Moscow met with Sergei Naryshkin (head of the Presidential Administration of Russia), who suggested that the mayor write a letter of resignation for at will. Luzhkov writes that he said: “Look how the press is forming around your figure, you need to write a letter of resignation of your own free will.” Yuri Mikhailovich replied that he saw no reason to write such a statement and would not do so, and also considered it a staged act and the result of political pressure. Then Naryshkin said that this would be followed by the dismissal of the mayor. According to Luzhkov, they agreed with Naryshkin to take a break for a week and meet later so that Luzhkov “had the opportunity to think.” The mayor wrote a statement, but not about dismissal. “I wrote a statement that I do not consider Medvedev a normal president and that all his measures towards me do not smell of democracy, but smell of persecution for my beliefs and disagreement to support his candidacy. And he said not to regard the statement as a request for resignation,” Luzhkov said. As a result, President Medvedev signed a decree on September 28, 2010, terminating the powers of Yuri Luzhkov.
After his resignation from the post of mayor on October 1, 2010, Luzhkov was appointed dean of the Faculty of Management major cities International University in Moscow. The order of appointment was signed by the president of the university, the former mayor (and Luzhkov's predecessor as mayor) of Moscow, Gavriil Popov. The Faculty of Management of Large Cities was created in 2002 on the initiative of Yu. M. Luzhkov, in the same year Luzhkov became the scientific director of this faculty and an honorary professor of the university.
On January 17, 2011, the Latvian authorities confirmed that at the end of 2010, Luzhkov submitted an application for a residence permit in Latvia, justifying it with an investment in the capital of one of the Latvian banks in the amount of about 200 thousand US dollars. This confirmation was followed by a message that, based on information from the security authorities, Luzhkov was included in the list of persons undesirable for Latvia. On January 18, Interior Minister Linda Murniece said she included Luzhkov on the list on the grounds that he “does not like this country and has a hostile attitude towards Latvia.”
A year after his resignation, Luzhkov said that Russian authorities are persecuting his family and that “today it is impossible to do business in our country.” According to Luzhkov, this is precisely why his family lives in London. After all the accusations of corruption, the authorities did not come to a common conclusion, thereby the prosecution did not find compelling arguments and evidence.
On December 6, 2011, Luzhkov stated that in the 2011 State Duma elections he did not vote for the United Russia party, of which he was one of the founders. The former mayor kept silent about who he voted for exactly.
Since 2012, he has been a member of the board of directors of OJSC United Oil Company ( executive agency Ufaorgsintez), which is under the control of the AFK Sistema group and the structures of Yakov Goldovsky.
In 2013, he bought 87% of the shares of the Weedern stud farm, on the basis of which he began conducting agricultural production in the Kaliningrad region. Since 2015, the company has been producing buckwheat, with plans to grow mushrooms. In the elections in State Duma in the fall of 2016, he was a confidant of the candidate for deputy from the Communist Party of the Russian Federation, admiral and ex-commander of the Black Sea Fleet Vladimir Komoyedov.
On September 21, 2016, on Luzhkov’s 80th birthday, Russian President Vladimir Putin signed a decree awarding Yuri Mikhailovich the Order of Merit for the Fatherland, IV degree, “for active social activities" The ex-mayor himself, who personally received the award the next day, regarded it as “a symbol of return from timelessness” and “the end of disgrace.”
Yuri Mikhailovich Luzhkov owns the rights to use many inventions. He has more than a hundred patents, including such as a method for producing hydrogen and thermal energy and a rotary internal combustion engine, two versions of the Vorobyovy Gory sports and recreation complex and a method for photoinactivation of the avian influenza virus. In the Rospatent database, Luzhkov is listed as a co-author of 123 patents, 49 applications for inventions and 10 industrial designs.
Yuri Luzhkov is a Doctor of Chemical Sciences, an honorary professor at Moscow State University, the Academy of Labor and Social Relations, a number of domestic and foreign universities, and an academician of a number of Russian academies.
Yuri Luzhkov's height: 174 centimeters.
Personal life of Yuri Luzhkov:
Was married three times.
First wife - Alevtina Luzhkova. They got married as students, but quickly divorced.
Second wife - Marina Mikhailovna Bashilova (1934-1988). They met at the Institute of Oil, Gas and Chemical Industry. They got married in 1958. The wife died of liver cancer.
The marriage produced two sons - Mikhail and Alexander.
Third wife - (born March 8, 1963), Russian entrepreneur, philanthropist, philanthropist. We met when Luzhkov was the chairman of the Moscow City Agro-Industrial Committee and headed the city commission on cooperative and individual labor activities, and Baturina was the secretary of this commission. They got married in 1991.
The marriage produced two daughters - Elena (born 1992) and Olga (born 1994). Before the resignation of Yuri Luzhkov, the daughters studied at Moscow State University. Later they moved to London, where they studied politics and economics at University College London.
Olga entered the Faculty of Economics Moscow State University, then studied for two years at University College London. Then she completed her bachelor's degree New York University, by 2016 she was studying for a master's degree in hotel management and food sciences. At the end of 2015, Olga opened the Herbarium bar next to the Grand Tirolia hotel in Kitzbühel, owned by Elena Baturina. Olga will also be interested in interior design.
Eldest daughter Elena works in one of the structures related to the hotel business.
In January 2016, Luzhkov and Baturina got married.
Yuri Luzhkov with his daughter Olga
Luzhkov's famous headdress is a cap.
His hobbies include beekeeping, tennis, and horse riding. A few years ago, a statue of the mayor-tennis player was erected in one of the Moscow parks. Honey from his apiary, which after retirement was transported to Medyn, Kaluga region, where his brother lives, Luzhkov likes to give as a gift to friends on special occasions.
Awards and titles of Yuri Luzhkov:
Medal “Defender of Free Russia” (November 9, 1993) - for fulfilling civic duty in defending democracy and constitutional order August 19-21, 1991;
- award weapon- 7.62 mm semi-automatic carbine "Saiga" (June 6, 1995) - from the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, Order of the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation No. 189 dated June 6, 1995 “For exemplary performance of duties related to the preparation and conduct of events dedicated to the 50th anniversary Victory in the Great Patriotic War";
- Order of Merit for the Fatherland, II degree (November 14, 1995) - for services to the state, great personal contribution to the implementation of reforms aimed at restructuring the city’s economy, successful reconstruction of the historical center of the capital, revival of churches, construction memorial complex Victory on Poklonnaya Hill;
- Medal “In memory of the 850th anniversary of Moscow”;
- Order of Honor (August 19, 2000) - for his great contribution to the preservation and restoration of cultural and architectural monuments of the city of Moscow;
- Medal “In memory of the 300th anniversary of St. Petersburg”;
- Order of Military Merit (October 1, 2003) - for great personal contribution to increasing the combat readiness of troops and ensuring the defense capability of the Russian Federation;
- Order of Merit for the Fatherland, 1st degree (September 21, 2006) - for outstanding contribution to the strengthening of Russian statehood and the socio-economic development of the city;
- Order of Merit for the Fatherland, III degree;
- Order of Merit for the Fatherland, IV degree (September 21, 2016) - for active social activities;
- Order “Duslyk” (Tatarstan, 2016);
- Medal “For the development of virgin lands” (1954);
- Order of the Red Banner of Labor (1976);
- Order of Lenin (1981);
- Medal “For Strengthening the Military Commonwealth”;
- Order of the Republic of Tyva (2001) - for many years of fruitful cooperation and great personal contribution to the socio-economic development of the republic;
- Medal “For Services to the Chechen Republic” (2005);
- Order named after Akhmat Kadyrov (2006, Chechen Republic);
- Medal “60 years of education of the Kaliningrad region” (2006);
- Order “For Merit to the Kaliningrad Region” (Kaliningrad Region, January 16, 2009) - for special services to the Kaliningrad Region associated with making a great contribution to the socio-economic development of the Kaliningrad Region and a significant contribution to the protection of citizens’ rights;
- Order of St. Mesrop Mashtots (Armenia);
- Francis Skaryna Medal (Belarus, September 19, 1996) - for significant contribution to strengthening friendly relations between the Republic of Belarus and the Russian Federation;
- State Prize for Peace and Progress of the First President of the Republic of Kazakhstan (2003);
- Anniversary medal “Tynga 50 zhyl” (“50 years of virgin soil”) (Kazakhstan);
- Order of Prince Yaroslav the Wise, V degree (Ukraine, January 23, 2004) - for significant personal contribution to the development of cooperation between - Ukraine and the Russian Federation;
- Order of Friendship of Peoples (Belarus, February 16, 2005) - for great personal contribution to strengthening economic, scientific, technical and cultural relations between the Republic of Belarus and the city of Moscow of the Russian Federation;
- Order of Francis Skaryna (Belarus);
- Medal “Astana” (Kazakhstan);
- Order “Danaker” (Kyrgyzstan, February 27, 2006) - for significant contribution to strengthening friendship and cooperation, development of trade and economic relations between the Kyrgyz Republic and the Russian Federation;
- Order of the Polar Star (Mongolia);
- Order of the Lebanese Cedar;
- Bavarian Order of Merit (Germany);
- Order of the Holy Equal-to-the-Apostles Grand Duke Vladimir, 1st degree (November 1993) - for participation in the restoration of the Cathedral of the Kazan Icon Mother of God on the Red Square;
- Order of the Saint St. Sergius Radonezh I degree (ROC);
- Order of the Holy Blessed Prince Daniel of Moscow, 1st degree (ROC);
- Order of the Holy Blessed Grand Duke Demetrius Donskoy, 1st degree (ROC);
- Order of St. Innocent Metropolitan of Moscow and Kolomna, 1st degree (ROC, 2009);
- Order of St. Andrei Rublev, 1st degree (ROC, 2009);
- Order St. Seraphim Sarovsky I degree (September 22, 2016) - in connection with the 80th anniversary of his birth and in consideration of great contribution in the construction of churches in the city of Moscow;
- Order of St. Macarius, Metropolitan of Moscow, II degree (ROC);
- Order of St. Sava, 1st degree (Serbian Orthodox Church);
- Order “Al-Fakhr” (Order of Honor) (Council of Muftis of Russia);
- Medal of Anatoly Koni (Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation);
- Golden medal Ministries Agriculture Russia “For contribution to the development of the agro-industrial complex of Russia”;
- Medal “Participant in emergency situations” humanitarian operations" (Russian Emergency Situations Ministry);
- Olympic Order (IOC, 1998);
- Medal “100 years of trade unions” (FNPR);
- International Leonardo Prize 1996;
- Laureate of the national business reputation award “Darin” of the Russian Academy of Business and Entrepreneurship (2001);
- Theater Award “Golden Mask” (Award “For Support theatrical arts Russia", 1998);
- Honorary badge (order) “Sporting Glory of Russia”, 1st degree (editorial office of the newspaper “ TVNZ"and the board of the Russian Olympic Committee, November 2002) - for organizing the mass construction of sports facilities in Moscow;
- Laureate of the national award “Russian of the Year” (2006);
- Medal “For the liberation of Crimea and Sevastopol” (March 17, 2014) - for personal contribution to the return of Crimea to Russia;
- Second place in the Privacy International nomination “Blatantly idiotic security measures” - for maintaining the Soviet institution of registration in the capital (2003);
- Three thanks from the President of Russia;
- Laureate of the USSR State Prize;
- Laureate of the State Prize of Russia;
- Laureate of the State Prize for Peace and Progress of the First President of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
- Laureate of the Prize of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia;
- “Honored Chemist of the Russian Federation”;
- “Honored Builder of the Russian Federation”;
- “Honored Worker of Railway Transport”;
- Honorary Citizen of Veliky Ustyug (1999);
- Honorable Sir Yerevan (2002);
- Honorary citizen of Tiraspol;
- Honorary citizen of Chisinau;
- Honorary citizen of Dushanbe;
- Honorary citizen of Ashgabat;
- Honorary citizen of Severodonetsk
