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During this period, serious changes began to occur in the state, which transformed all spheres of the social, economic and political life of citizens of the Soviet Union. The changes were very rapid and controversial, their scope was so wide that they had a serious impact on the world political arena.

By the early eighties, the USSR had reached a new level of technical development, at which time many types of domestic household appliances were produced, military technologies were comparable to foreign ones, and some types of military aircraft were the best of their kind. Perhaps, only during this period did the country produce domestic televisions, the first computers and other electronics; since the collapse of the Union, almost all of this has ceased to be produced. The country managed to create a unified energy and transport system, systems for gas and oil supply were created, and interregional ties in the economic sector became closer. However, at the same time, the centralized policy of the central government took its toll.

At party congresses, the country's authorities made decisions aimed at eliminating the negative effect of dictatorship in the departmental bureaucracy. Attempts have been made to improve economic methods management, they tried to give enterprises greater independence. However, everything decisions made were not put into practice, the country was never able to emerge from the period of stagnation.

Briefly describing the USSR in the 80s, many researchers associate this period with the policy of “Perestroika”, which was formed by Andropov in 1984. In 1985, the new Secretary General, Gorbachev, began to promote it. Perestroika was elevated to the level of state ideology; at first it caused euphoria among the population. However, a year later, the country's leadership realized that command-administrative methods would not allow for real improvement, so attempts were made to introduce reforms characteristic of democratic socialism.

In 1989, society could not withstand the ideological overstrain. Perestroika did not live up to the hopes of citizens, at the same time, democratization made it possible to create new political movements, which at a certain point became completely uncontrollable by the Communist Party. At the same time, other destabilizing processes were taking place in the country. The Union could no longer hide its direct participation in the protracted Afghan war from its own people; maintaining its military forces abroad required large investments. By the end of the 1980s, the economic system was staggering and practically collapsed when the price of oil on the world market fell to record lows. Cheap oil has, in fact, destroyed one of the most powerful states in the world. Long years mismanagement on the part of the authorities all took their toll.

Fashion is changeable and fickle, but from time to time it returns to the well-forgotten old. So these days, the fashion of the 80s is becoming more and more relevant. “Replicas” of fashion trends of that time can be seen in the collections of almost all fashion houses.

The eighties in the USSR were a time when the wind of change was clearly felt. And this was reflected in fashion; the clothes of that time allowed for much more self-expression and combination of incongruous things than the outfits that were popular in the seventies.

Fashionable dresses in the style of the 80s have a pronounced X-shaped silhouette. Moreover, the accent at that time preferred to do it on the shoulders using shoulder pads, shoulder straps, draperies and yokes. Thanks to these details, the shoulder line was artificially extended.

Next the important line of the silhouette was the waist. It was emphasized with belts, and they tried to make them wide, some models even resembled a corset. Soft drapes along the hips completed the formation.” The length of skirts was not strictly regulated; midi and mini length models were popular.

Other popular dress styles of the 80s are classic model sheath and baggy dress with loose sleeves " bat"and a short tight skirt.

Much attention was paid to the finishing of the collar. The apache shape is in fashion, as well as various flounces and frills, which look very romantic.

Fabrics

Synthetics, which had become boring over the past decades, were practically forgotten in the eighties. Fashionistas are again returning to natural fabrics. But the stretch materials that had just appeared at that time were especially popular; they were comfortable, practical, draped well and beautifully fitted the figure.

Denim deserves a separate discussion. In the eighties, this fabric was incredibly popular; dresses and sundresses were made from it. And here evening dresses In the 80s they were sewn from luresque. A lot of glitter at that time was by no means considered a sign of “village glamor”, so an already shiny lurex dress could easily be decorated with sequins.

Fabric colors must be bright. In the eighties, no one wanted to look like a “gray mouse” anymore, so even formal business dresses were often made from bright fabrics. The colors of fuchsia, raspberry, and coral are especially held in high esteem. Violet lemon, turquoise, cornflower blue are welcome. Colors are used both individually and in the most incredible combinations.

Huge Bright prints are also popular. Various ornaments, leopard print, geometric designs, and rainbow abstract patterns are widely used. Military print is also beginning to gain popularity.

However, despite the general fascination with bright colors, clothes in white and black were not considered something outdated. This is a classic, and it is relevant at all times.

Accessories

Short dresses were worn with leggings in bright acid colors, models middle length– with fishnet tights. Tights could be black or colored; models with the addition of lurex thread were especially valued.

In addition to the dress, you can wear a short one denim jacket or leather biker jacket with studs. Shoes can be used either on a platform or classic pumps with a low stiletto heel.

Very popular in those years was the bright, large, even a little tacky jewelry. Large earrings or clips, assorted chains or beads in several rows, massive bracelets. The more jewelry was worn, the more fashionable the look was considered.

Makeup and hairstyles

Natural makeup seemed incredibly boring in the eighties. Therefore, fashionistas actively used eyeshadow in bright colors - pink, blue, purple. Pearl shades are in high esteem; they were used in lip and eye makeup.

The hairstyles were very lush and voluminous. At the height of fashion, perm with the formation of small curls and backcombing. Correctly performed styling should leave the ears open, otherwise the earrings will not be visible. A lot of hairspray was used to fix the hairstyle. And especially creative people built bouffant designs on their heads, which were aptly named “explosion at a pasta factory.” Fashionistas of the eighties tried to make even the classic ponytail “shaggy”; smooth hairstyles seemed somehow archaic.

Fashionable looks

Having decided to return to the 20th century for a while, you can choose dresses “from the 80s” for yourself, especially since they are now at the peak of fashion. Photos and stills from films of that time will allow you to create interesting looks.

Business lady

To create the image of a business lady in the style of the 80s, you will need a straight silhouette dress with an extended shoulder line and a stand-up collar. The waist should be emphasized with a wide belt. The dress can be sewn from brightly colored fabric, you can use a checkered or striped pattern. Shoes – classic pumps with medium heels. A briefcase bag will complement the look.

Sports look

In the 80s, aerobics became incredibly popular, and this could not but affect fashion. The sporty style of the time can be recreated by using a dress with a low armhole, dropped shoulders and kimono-style sleeves. Boat neckline. The silhouette of this dress is an inverted triangle, so the skirt should be narrow. The dress should be bright, it is advisable to use two or three colors, for example, cornflower blue, raspberry and white.

Ballet flats or sneakers will complement the look; their color should contrast with the main tone of the dress. A mandatory detail is plastic jewelry and a bright bandage on the forehead in combination with lush curls. To recreate the hairstyle that was fashionable in the 80s, you don’t have to get a perm; you can simply curl your hair into curlers or braid a few tight braids at night. The perm will turn out no worse than the Soviet permanent.

To the party

Evening dresses in the style of the eighties are made from satin, guipure, organza, and velor. The sleeves should be puffy, ruffled basques, draperies at the hips, and bows are welcome. It is advisable to make the outfit shiny; you can use sequins and rhinestones. Not only the dress should be shiny, but also the shoes. These can be classic pumps with buckles decorated with shining crystals.

An outfit for graduation or another significant event should literally sparkle and shimmer like a Christmas tree. Be sure to use jewelry - long earrings, bracelets, necklaces.

Solemn event

Today, many people are throwing themed weddings, and one of the most popular themes is the retro party. Having decided to plunge into the eighties, you should start by selecting outfits for the newlyweds.

Typical wedding dresses of the 80s were made in a romantic style. In most cases, shocking behavior was not welcomed. The brides used classic white. The dress could be short, but most preferred long version with a full skirt

To imagine the ideal wedding dress that time, it is worth looking at photographs from Princess Diana's wedding. Puffy sleeves, frills and ruffles decorating the neckline, a long train, lace and a bodice embroidered with pearls. A veil is desirable, but not required. But you don’t need sequins and rhinestones, the maximum is embroidery with white beads. The bride's image should be gentle and romantic.

01/21/2016 01/24/2016 by ☭ USSR ☭

You know the true depth of the meaning of the word “chewing gum.”
Do you remember that RS/XT is very cool and expensive.
You haven’t forgotten the article in the Komsomolskaya Pravda newspaper with the title “Blue Bird Stew.”
Many years later, you still flinch if someone nearby says in a squeaky voice: “Pioneer dawn is on the air!”
When you hear the word “football,” you remember Oleg Blokhin.
Playboy is very, very, very cool porn.
To you, McDonald's is the name of a luxury restaurant.
Are you sure that the best group in Europe is ABBA, and in America it is BoneyM?
From the first chords of the song “Soar with fire,” your hands automatically try to straighten the knot of the pioneer tie.
You still can't believe in more than 40 TV channels and 24/7 television.
Your parents were called to school for playing earbuds right in front of the teacher's room.
You doubt that there are other good tape recorders besides SONY and Panasonic.
It won’t be too difficult for you to finish the joke “The next stop is the end [...]”
Do you remember how awkward it is to switch the TV channel because you have to crawl out from under the warm blanket.
The stupid chevron on the school uniform came off as early as September 1, and continuing to wear it was considered a shameful thing.
Hearing the word “Raikin” you remember all three at once - father, son and husband.
You drove your parents blue in the face by singing at the top of their lungs the song “It’s time to rejoice in our lifetime!”
You copied the lyrics of the song “The Winged Swing” by hand and were sure that Ressie was a breed of dog.
The best films for you are “Spotlight” and “Pirates of the 20th Century”
You knew for sure that two the best varieties ice cream - berry and fruit for seven kopecks and with cream in a waffle cup for 21 kopecks.
And your girlfriend liked creme brulee for fifteen kopecks and chocolate for twenty kopecks, and also “Borodino” in a cylinder, in coffee-soy glaze, for twenty-three kopecks. But Gourmand cost twenty-eight kopecks.
Do you still remember the times when you sang? ex-wife Kirkorov.
"Emmanuelle" is the most banned film. There is such, such!
Sometimes on Sunday you subconsciously expect that the TV show “Visiting a Fairy Tale” with kind Aunt Valya will be shown on TV.
You can remember by the names of at least five pioneer heroes: Tolya Balabukha, Volodya Dubinin, Lara Mikheenko, Lida Vashkevich, Valera Volkov, Nina Sagaidak, Arkady Kamanin, Kolya Myagotin, Nadya Bogdanova, Marat Kazei, Galya Komleva, Volodya Kaznacheev, Valya Kotik, Nina Kukoverova, Vasya Korobko, Shura Kober, Lenya Golikov, Sasha Borodulin, Yuta Bondarovskaya, Vitya Khomenko, Kostya Kravchuk, Sanya Kolesnikov, Zina Portnova...
The motto of your class in the pioneer squad named after Caesar Kunikov was: “Not a step back, not a minute in place, but only forward and only all together.”
At the first sounds of the song “A Dog Named Buddy Is Missing,” your eyes water.
Until now, the best kvass for you is the one from a barrel on wheels, a small glass - three kopecks, a large glass - six kopecks.
“Georgian” tea is just sawdust and everyone tried to find and buy Indian “with an elephant”
Our team always won at hockey!
Do you remember the death of Vysotsky.
Your first unrequited love is Natasha Guseva, “myelophone”...
Have you dreamed that when you grow up you will buy goods only at Beryozka?
The best and delicious milk- in these triangular boxes with little blue stars.
Puffed corn is just the music of Paul Mauriat.
Pizza is the food of the gods.
Deodorant is a bottle of Bulgarian Jasmine after waiting in line for four hours.
A dollar is a green piece of paper that can easily get you imprisoned.
Two melodies evoke steely associations in you: “Lark” by Paul Mauriat and “Manchester and Liverpool” by Marie Laforet - these are the screensavers of the TV show “In the Animal World” and the weather forecast in the TV program “Time”
Do you remember the Leninskie Gory metro station and remember the largest escalator next to it.
Do you know that there is a magazine for very young children - this is “ Funny pictures", a magazine for small children - "Murzilka" and two magazines for almost big children - "Pioneer" and "Koster".
You know that Namibia is a territory occupied by South Africa, where Mandela and apartheid are.
You know that Travkin is a leader in production, a Hero of Socialist Labor, who introduced brigade contracting and who is written about in the 4th grade history textbook, in the chapter on the modern construction of socialism.
You know who the fascists are from the TV series “Seventeen Moments of Spring”, “Bet Greater Than Life” and the film “ Ordinary fascism", as well as from the film "Four Tankmen and a Dog", although there is nothing about the fascists there.
Our drinks are Tarragon, Fanta, Baikal, and Coca-Cola is a forbidden drink.
Consumer goods are produced in cinema, India and haberdashery.
Did you often go to tobacco kiosks and buy gift boxes matches. There were Cities of Heroes, the Patriotic War, space and other similar delights.
Your grandmother had a pension of 60 rubles, and the neighbor’s even had 80 rubles. Very big difference.
You heard a lot about the game “Zarnitsa”, saw reports and a film about kids playing too hard, and then you took part in it yourself.
You secretly really wanted to visit Artek, but only excellent students went there.
You understand the word political information. And the main words on them are “detente”, “parity” and “escalation”.
It is ALWAYS midnight in the city of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky.
Your tape recorder was chewing the cassette tape. Oh, yes it was “Electronics-302″...
It’s not that the film “Intergirl” shocked you very much, but somehow this has never been shown openly before.
You went to Little Vera eight times.
You didn’t even envy Sienkiewicz - well aware that you wouldn’t be able to travel THAT way.
You could easily continue the lines “Oh, how many wonderful discoveries we have…” - thanks to Kapitsa and his TV show.
You were very annoyed that the magazine supplement “ To the Young Technician"was by subscription only.
The number one Indian for you will always be Gojko Mitic.
Color TV is very cool, but a VCR can’t be cooler.
There are only two bicycles: Desna and Kama. The eaglet is no good.
You experience spiritual trepidation when you hear: “The nut of knowledge is hard, but still we are not used to retreating! The newsreel will help us split it: “I want it! All! Know!"
You loved kefir in a glass bottle with a green cap and bagels for six kopecks, from which then for some reason all the poppy seeds disappeared.
You still don’t perceive Riga and Tallinn as foreign countries.
Do you remember that chips are such very tasty things that are sold only at VDNH in Moscow.
Do you remember only three types of hairstyles: zero - ten kopecks, Canadian - forty kopecks, model - one ruble twenty kopecks.
For you, the best cigarettes are Phoenix and Rodopi, and the best White Sea Canal is Uritsky's factories.
Do you remember the jokes about the Russian, the Pole and the German?
A jar of sprats is a delicacy.
You stole carbide at a construction site, and metallic sodium from the school chemistry lab, soaked a newspaper in saltpeter, bought fixer at Fotomaterialy, and bought hydroperitol tablets at a department store. It was such a rustle!
Do you remember that your parents signed up for the “wall”?
During the winter holidays, your whole class went to Leningrad (or to Moscow).
Are you familiar with the mysterious discipline “Fundamentals of Computer Science and computer technology“, and in practice you worked on BC computers with magnetic tape media, or at worst, on hammer drills.
You remember Oleg Popov’s checkered cap and his number with catching a ray of sunshine, and the adults explained to you who Pencil is.
In your class, the little ones were teased with “Passepartout”, and the teacher’s intrigues were “the tricks of Mr. Fix”
Smoked sausage needs to be cut into thin layers until transparent; the next time you will see it only after six months.
You associate the word “Alarm Clock” with Nadezhda Rumyantseva.
Cult cartoons are “Treasure Island” and “Captain Vrungel”. And your classmates are already sick of you with quotes from “Last Year’s Snow Was Falling.”
A television set-top box on which you can play football or tennis was something fantastic, from the future. More often we got by with football or hockey with metal figures.
Do you remember the periodic fashion for Herzegovina Flor cigarettes?
Soviet chewing gum - thin orange slices, to tell the truth, could not be compared with foreign ones.
It was forbidden for children under sixteen to see the film “McKenna's Gold”, because the aunt was swimming naked there.
You just recently found out that the theme song for the TV show “International Panorama” is the music of The Ventures.
Do you still enjoy holding the Kohinoor eraser pencil in your hands?
You can list the names of political observers offhand: Vsevolod Ovchinnikov, Valentin Zorin, Genrikh Borovik, Farid Seiful-Mulyukov, Alexander Bovin, Valentin Tsvetov, who, by the way, looks indecently like a Japanese.
Oh, how you liked the film “You Never Dreamed of”...
To anyone, but you don’t need to explain who Veronika Mavrikievna and Avdotya Nikitichna are.
Electronic toys Divers with an octopus and a Wolf and eggs. Where are they now?
The coolest store in the city is a thrift store, because there is a two-cassette imported tape recorder there.
In the first grades you kept a “Diary of Observations of Nature”
Construction cartridges are a crazy thing!
You loved delicious lollipops in tins - two types: flat, round and in a long tin.
You drank juice at the grocery store. The most appetizing one was tomato, there were also spoons for salt in a glass of water.
Badges were sold at any Soyuzpechat kiosk, but for some reason you didn’t collect them then...
The best pioneer tie was from Hungary. It differed in fabric and color. And for the “cowboy knot” you got a good deal from the counselor.
You fought until first blood. In the locker room or behind the gym.
Your classmate blew up a bottle filled with dry ice and water - it turned out that it was not so fun, because he miraculously did not go blind and was very seriously injured.
Very tasty “Crispy Potatoes” for ten kopecks, and for one ruble you could buy as many as ten bags... And where is it now, when you sometimes want it so much?
You had a piggy bank - a champagne bottle for ten kopeck coins
Komsomol “Lenin Test” and Pioneer Badge “For Active Work” - you didn’t have them.
From the waste paper collected by the whole school once a month, you manage to save a couple of good books.
If you didn't have salad with green peas on your birthday, it was a very bad birthday!
And you also had stickers. And translations, oval, GDR, with Mickey Mouse, women, etc. They were glued everywhere: guitars, mirrors... Although they were not sold in stores, everyone got them from somewhere. There were rumors that it was from Georgia.
You wore Vereya jeans with a badge in the shape of a bear's face.
Because the counselors found out that it was you who smeared the fifth ward with the girls with toothpaste, they threatened to kick you out of the pioneer camp.
You only learned that black olives exist in the early nineties. But the green ones were sold in liter jars and were always available at the vegetable store.
Do you remember going to the planetarium?
You wore a synthetic motorcyclist t-shirt.
You can’t calmly listen to the song “Grass near the house”
“Soviet adidas” sneakers are very cool and were almost worn with elegant dresses.
You were addicted to the series “Lassie” and everyone in your class was dreaming about a collie dog.
There is NO sex in the USSR!
You know why you need a bicycle spoke bent at a right angle, with a screwed head into which the sulfur from the matches is tightly packed.
You played with little pistols that were cast from lead in a mold made on cleared and compacted earth, from an original plastic keychain - if there was an owner of one.
You know how to make a crossbow from a wooden clothespin. The principle of its operation cannot be easily explained to the uninitiated, and although it fired not very far, it fired with matches that could be set on fire before launching.
Do you remember how you shot from a homemade blow gun, made of a thick and thin tube, and driven by a tourniquet... You could shoot plasticine from the blow guns - with a well-made weapon you could break the door peephole of an unpleasant neighbor.
Are you sure that ballpoint pens for thirty-five kopecks are not intended for writing at all? And for driving into a concrete wall and screwing a screw in there.
Your first program was written on Radio-86RK, assembled by a classmate. And the ZX Spectrum was called “Sinclair” by another name - it was simply amazing!
Despite the jammers, you listened to obscene ditties on the Voice of America and were really looking forward to the call signs “Seva Novgorodtsev - city of London, BBC!!!”
Do you remember how in all the cinemas there were photographs of Soviet film actors by Plotnikov. Enthusiastic girls bought the Soviet Ekran magazine for the same portraits.
Actor Konkin - Pavka Korchagin first, and Sharapov second. But still Sharapov.
It was possible to travel abroad only through RAIKOM, there was no other way.
You can definitely list all the figures in the rubber band game (if you are a girl). And how can you play this? (if you are a boy)
In the tenth grade, for your birthday you were given a large bottle of expensive Spartacus cologne, and then you thought for a long time why girls were so shy away from you.
Do you remember that the attribute of every house is an opener in the form of a wolf “Well, wait a minute,” who was holding a nickel-plated guitar in his paws. Nobody used it, it stood in the sideboards, behind glass.
Donald chewing gum costs one ruble from the hucksters... But there is an insert inside!
You bought Vietnamese ping-pong balls, mercilessly cut them, and, wrapping their pieces in foil, made “smoke machines.”
Did you know that reels for tape recorders come in 270, 375, and 525 meters. 525 is best, because the entire disc is recorded on one side.
You knew how to make darts. To do this, four matches were needed, wrapped exactly in the middle with an adhesive plaster, on one side a needle was inserted into the center from sewing machine, and on the second - a stabilizer made of square paper folded 4 times.
The word “condom” is a terribly indecent word.

It was our time, the time of the 80-90s, and we will never forget these years.

Schools in the USSR were very different from modern ones. And the Soviet school had one peculiarity. Common school uniform for the whole country. The most interesting thing is that the uniform of those times is still popular among graduates - a school dress with a white apron, usually white knee socks and the obligatory white bows. On ordinary days, girls went to school in dark aprons. The boys had an emblem on the sleeves of their jackets, which depicted an open book and the sun. At that time, everyone was either an October warrior, or a pioneer, or a Komsomol member, and they always wore a corresponding badge on the lapel of their jacket or dress. In the 1st grade, all schoolchildren were accepted into the October class. In the 3rd - to the pioneers. Moreover, first of all, excellent students, and secondly and even thirdly - those whose academic performance or discipline were lame. I was accepted into the Komsomol in the 7th grade.

In the 80s, every more or less large enterprise had its own pioneer camp, where they sent the children of their employees. The vast majority of Soviet children have visited a country pioneer camp at least once. In addition, in all cities, as a rule, at schools, “urban” camps were created with day stay children. Each suburban pioneer camp operated in three shifts, each lasting approximately three weeks. All children in the pioneer camp were divided into groups according to age. The 1st detachment was the oldest. Then 2nd, 3rd, etc. Various children's camps worked in pioneer camps. amateur groups based on interests, the military sports game “Zarnitsa” was held. During the shift, various games, hikes, competitions were held in the camp... At the end of each summer shift, a “Farewell Bonfire” was organized.

The selection of products in grocery and department store stores in the 80s was far from amazing in its variety. Residents of all nearby cities went to Moscow to buy food. At this time, in 1985, a new scourge fell on the heads of Soviet citizens: the anti-alcohol campaign. All over the country, all alcohol disappeared from store shelves, restaurants and cafes. Of course, Soviet holidays did not become alcohol-free. People switched to moonshine, cologne, medical alcohol and other home-made booze.

In the Soviet assortment there was a clear shortage of products that could simply be pulled out of the refrigerator and eaten - sausages, cheeses, pates, not to mention some caviar or ham. Even sprats were a delicacy that was given in sets for the holiday. And only in Moscow, after standing in a long line, it was possible to buy sausages, salami or ham and not worry about tea and sandwiches for several days... In provincial cities it was practically impossible to get them. And this despite the fact that in many cities meat processing plants were operating at full capacity!

They brought good chocolates from Moscow - “Squirrel”, “Bear Bear”, “Little Red Riding Hood”. They brought instant coffee, oranges, lemons and even bananas. Moscow seemed like a fabulous place where extraordinary people live. We also went to Moscow to buy clothes and shoes. In Moscow they bought everything, from buckwheat to children's tights, because... all this was in short supply in the middle zone.

Grocery stores of that time had several departments. Each department sold its own product groups. It was worse if the department sold goods by weight. First, you had to stand in line to weigh the goods, then line up at the cash register, get a receipt, and then line up again at the department. There were also self-service supermarkets - like today's ones. There, goods were paid for at the checkout when leaving the hall. At that time, every schoolchild went to buy milk. Due to the scarcity of product range in stores at that time, milk and dairy products occupied a fairly significant place in the diet of Soviet people. Porridge was cooked in milk. Noodles and horns were cooked with milk. Dairy products in the USSR were packaged in glass containers, which were washed and handed over to special points acceptance of glass containers. As a rule, they were right next to the stores. There were no labels on the bottles. The label was on the lid. Milk bottles were closed with caps made of soft foil of different colors. The name of the product, date of manufacture, and cost were written on the lid.

Sour cream was sold on tap from large metal cans. There were several types of butter - butter and sandwich. Loose butter cost 3 rubles 40 kopecks per kilogram, and a pack butter- 72 kopecks. Milk in the Soviet Union was made from milk! There was sour cream in the sour cream, kefir in the kefir, and butter in the butter. At lunchtime, as a rule, fresh milk, bread and some other products were brought to each grocery store. Therefore, when the store opened after the lunch break, it was often possible to buy everything specified by the parents. You could also buy ice cream!

The iconic dairy product in the USSR was condensed milk. Favorite treat children. Condensed milk produced in the USSR was packaged in tin cans with white and blue labels. They drank it straight from the can, punching two holes with a can opener. It was added to coffee. It was boiled directly in a closed jar to be eaten boiled or used for cake. During the time of food shortages at the end of the USSR, condensed milk, along with stewed meat, was included in holiday food packages distributed according to coupons and lists in individual organizations, as well as to certain categories of citizens who had benefits by law (participants and disabled people of the Great Patriotic War, etc.).

It was difficult to buy a good outfit, so we looked for decent fabric in advance and went to an atelier or to a familiar dressmaker. If a man, in preparation for the holiday, only had to exchange his home workouts for a shirt, and, perhaps, as a sign of special affection, shave, then it was much more difficult for a woman. And she could only rely on her own ingenuity and skillful hands. They used: henna, hydrogen peroxide, curlers. “Leningrad” mascara was mixed with flour and applied to the eyelashes. Using various household dyes nylon tights flesh-colored ones were painted black. The height of fragrant chic was the Klima perfume, the bottom limit was the Perhaps perfume. A man was supposed to smell too, but the choice was even smaller: “Sasha”, “Russian Forest”, “Triple”.

There was very little cosmetics in the USSR, and if there was, they didn’t buy it, but “got it out.” Mascara was produced in pressed form and had to be diluted with water before use. However, water was not always at hand, so Soviet fashionistas simply spat into a box of mascara. The most desperate ones separated their eyelashes with needles or pins. Women in the 80s had a practice of using cosmetic products “inappropriately.” Many women already then figured out the current fashionable technique among makeup artists - using lipstick as blush. An even complexion was ensured by the legendary cosmetic product of those years - the Ballet foundation from the Svoboda factory. Instead of colorless lipstick, Vaseline was usually used, and instead of hand cream, glycerin was used, which could almost always be bought at the pharmacy.

The object of particular desire was the Este Lauder Blush from the company store, which could only be accessed by special invitation. All women of that time dreamed of Lancôme “golden roses” and Dior powders and lipsticks packaged in blue boxes. If you ask ladies whose youth occurred during these years, they will remember the perfume “Climat” and the legendary fragrance “Magie Noire” from Lancôme, as well as “Opium” from YSL and “Fidji” from Guy Laroche. Most Soviet women knew about the famous “Chanel No. 5” only by hearsay, and a very small number of ladies used them in real life.

Traditional dishes on holidays were Olivier salads, Herring under a fur coat, Mimosa, fried homemade cutlets, made sandwiches with sprats, cooked jellied meat, baked chicken, and homemade marinades. One of the most important dishes on the festive table was cake, which was very difficult to buy. Most often they baked homemade Napoleon. The drinks were not particularly varied: “Soviet champagne”, “Stolichnaya” vodka, “Buratino” lemonade, fruit juice and compote. In the late 80s, Pepsi-Cola and Fanta began to appear on tables. Festive table They always cooked thoroughly, even if no guests were expected, and the celebration took place in the family circle!

On New Year A Christmas tree was installed in every house. A garland of multi-colored lights was arranged on the tree and Christmas decorations were hung - shiny glass balls of different colors, satellites, icicles, bears and bunnies made of cardboard, coated with varnish and glitter, snowflakes, beads and crackers. Below, under the tree, Santa Claus made of papier-mâché was installed on pre-laid gauze or cotton wool! A star was placed on the top of the tree.

The choice of gifts for the holidays was very limited. In the absence of normal gifts, when going to visit, they carried with them the delicacies that they could get, jars of canned exotic fruits, black or red caviar, chocolates. You could buy a book, a bottle of perfume, an electric razor, etc. Parents brought children's New Year's gifts from work. The trade union committee consistently provided parents with children's gifts - one for each child under 14 years of age. For holiday parties, firecrackers and sparklers were purchased - at that time this was the only “pyrotechnics” with the help of which they kept the fun going. Only rocket launchers, which not everyone had, could add variety to such fun.

Almost every New Year, films were shown on television: “ An ordinary miracle" and "Sorcerers". The main New Year's film "The Irony of Fate or light steam" Many already knew these films by heart, but nevertheless enjoyed watching them again. IN New Year's Eve everyone traditionally gathered at a festively laid table, saw off old year and met the New one. We watched TV, listened to music. And in the morning, after the “Blue Light,” “Melodies and Rhythms of Foreign Pop” was shown on TV for the only time a year! Boney M, Abba, Smokie, Africe Simone.…

In the 80s there was no entertainment other than the cinema, bar or dancing. Bars and cafes were not open at night. Soviet or Indian films were shown in cinemas. The main activity for young people, besides drinking port wine at the entrance, studying well and joining the Komsomol, was dancing, and they called it a disco. The music at the discos was collected from everything that came to us “from there” mixed with the best that we had. Alla Pugacheva tried to stand out from the crowd with her airy, vast robes, and Valery Leontyev scared elderly grandmothers with his terribly tight trousers. At discos they played: Forum, Mirage, CarMan, Tender May, Na-Na and a performer who parodies Western musical performers, Sergei Minaev. In addition to dance groups, the groups “Sunday” and “Time Machine” were popular. Hits of famous foreign musical groups and performers were heard more and more often: Modern Talking, Madonna, Michael Jackson, Scorpions and others.

How old were you in the 80s? 10? 15? 20? Do you remember the atmosphere of general goodwill and mutual respect that reigned in Soviet times? Inner peace, awareness of life goals and ways to achieve them. Confidence in everything for decades to come. An opportunity to take a worthy place in life. Do you remember how in May everyone went to demonstrations? Everyone took to the streets with balloons and flags, congratulated each other and shouted “HURRAY!” And the children were placed on the shoulders. Rubber bands in the yard.... Collecting scrap metal and waste paper at school.... Community work days.... Subscription to the magazines "Funny Pictures", "Pioneer", "Crocodile", "Science and Life".... Do you remember school “dance evenings”, discos in pioneer camps, in cultural centers? Songs that were carefully copied from cassette to cassette and listened to “to the holes.” Songs that we went to listen to at each other’s houses...

In general, music in the USSR was considered something unnecessary for the daily life of a citizen, a kind of acceptable surplus (except, of course, for songs performed by a choir - at a pioneer line, in military formation, etc.). Therefore, devices for playing and recording music were treated more like things closer to luxury items than everyday items. Most houses had record players. Musical recordings in the USSR were sold on Melodiya records. Records with fairy tales for children were also produced. Entire generations grew up in the USSR listening to fairy tales recorded on records. It was quite difficult to “get” records with recordings of popular pop singers at that time.

In the eighties, most residents of the USSR acquired tape recorders. There were queues for especially fashionable ones, like Vega and Radiotekhnika. Reel film domestic production and the cassettes were also lying everywhere. The tape recorders were extremely expensive. By the mid-80s, the USSR had learned to produce pretty good reel-to-reel tape recorders. They didn't break down often and didn't produce the worst sound. However, who in those years wanted a reel-to-reel tape recorder? They were bulky, non-transportable, and even the process of loading the film itself required a certain skill. But most importantly, by that time reels were already rapidly being replaced by cassettes. Soon, among youth and teenagers, the reel-to-reel tape recorder was considered a hopeless archaism.

Soviet tape recorders, accessible to most, like Soviet cassettes, were simply terrible. The film in Soviet cassettes was comparable to a tape recorder. It could provide only very modest recording quality, and if you tried to re-record frequently, it quickly broke down. But the tape recorders really liked this film! They chewed it with great pleasure at every opportunity. This case was shrewdly provided for by cassette manufacturers, and therefore there were often no screws on their casing.

The height of desire for music lovers, of course, were Japanese tape recorders - Sharp, Sony, Panasonic. They stood proudly on the shelves of thrift stores, flaunting breathtaking price tags. Imported goods (in small quantities entering the USSR market) were perceived by the population as “prestigious” and of high quality. There were virtually no cheap imports, including “Chinese” ones, at that time. Tape recordings were re-recorded from cassette to cassette, and therefore double-cassette tape recorders were especially valued.

In stores, along with Soviet ones, imported cassettes were also sold, and of a variety of brands. They all cost exactly the same - nine rubles for a 90-minute cassette. Imported cassettes were called sonorous names manufacturers - Basf, Denon, Sony, Toshiba, TDK, Agfa. The masterpiece of the domestic manufacturer was named without the slightest glimmer of imagination - MK, which meant nothing more than a tape cassette.

For certain categories of consumers (the so-called “nomenklatura” - party, Soviet and economic officials) privileges were introduced in the supply, including goods in short supply (order tables, “200th section of GUM”, a special service store on Kutuzovsky Prospekt, etc. ). Personal pensioners (a privileged category of pensioners), depending on the category of their personal pension, received “grocery orders” constantly or for holidays, and could buy goods inaccessible to the rest of the population in closed distributors. There was a whole series parallel systems trade (distribution of goods) with privileged supplies and limited access: for example, WWII veterans and those equivalent to them; Doctors of Science, Corresponding Members and Academicians.

GUM had closed sections for high-ranking officials and other privileged categories of the nomenklatura, party leaders, and generals. The Beryozka currency stores traded scarce goods for “checks” (certificates), for which it was necessary to exchange the foreign currency in hand. It should be noted that the quality of goods in these stores was excellent: they did not sell rubbish. In addition to the assortment of food and consumer goods, there were other “departments” in this network - in which you could purchase furniture, appliances, furs, and even cars. In 1988, a decree of the USSR Council of Ministers was published stating that from July 1, the circulation of Vneshposyltorg checks would cease and the Beryozka stores would be closed forever. Monstrous queues lined up at “Berezok”; literally everything was frantically swept off the shelves! The owners of the checks tried by any means to get rid of them before the announced closure date. Citizens of the USSR received the right to legally own foreign currency and, accordingly, spend it only in 1991.

There were also “speculators” (farmers) in the USSR. “Farza” is a synonym for the word “speculation” (purchase and sale for the purpose of profit), and “fartsovschiki” are, accordingly, speculators who bought “branded” (foreign) goods cheaper in order to later sell them at a higher price. Various segments of the population of the USSR were engaged in the craft of “fartsovka”: foreign sailors and flight attendants, military personnel of foreign contingents of the SA and students, taxi drivers and prostitutes, athletes and artists, party officials and ordinary Soviet engineers. In general, everyone who had even the slightest opportunity to purchase scarce imported goods for subsequent resale. But the biggest money was in circulation with the “currency traders” (currency traders). Special attention“currency traders” paid specifically to the Berezka chain of stores. For some currency traders, games with the state ended sadly.

Fartsellers were divided into professionals who were constantly engaged in this business (being listed as some kind of watchman somewhere), and amateurs who occasionally sold foreign things that they accidentally got, which they “pushed” (sold) among friends or handed over to “komki” (commission the shops). But there were always Soviet citizens who wanted to wear a foreign item and were willing to pay exorbitant prices for it.

A separate supply system for military personnel and their families was carried out through Voentorg. There were also so-called “Salons for newlyweds” - coupons were issued for the purchase of goods of the appropriate range (rings, dresses and suits, etc.) in them, according to a certificate from the registry office. Sometimes, young people registered at the registry office as newlyweds, only for the purpose of purchasing scarce goods. But by the end of the 80s, these salons began to be filled with consumer goods and ceased to justify their purpose due to the lack of scarce goods in them. At industrial enterprises at that time there was also a system of supplying workers with scarce goods - “food rations”.

Soviet trade workers, by virtue of their profession, received privileged access to scarce goods. Scarce goods were hidden for " the right people", or, under the guise of a benefit, was sold at exorbitant prices. Appeared whole set terms for such trade: “trade from the back door”, “from under the counter”, “under the counter”, “through connections”. The resale of scarce goods at free prices in the USSR was qualified as criminal offense("speculation").

To purchase a scarce product, which was often put on the counter suddenly, as they said, “thrown away,” it was necessary to stand in line, or even several lines, for each type of product separately. For such an occasion, many people always carried with them a special string bag (“just in case”), since there are no plastic bags on sale in grocery stores there were none, and these packages themselves were a scarce commodity. People invented many ways to avoid days of exhausting standing in lines, which also did not guarantee the purchase of goods. For example, it was possible to break into a store using brute physical force.

Places in the queue were sold (the price depended on how close to the head of the queue the place was, how scarce the goods were) - there was even a saying “If you stand in line well, you don’t have to work,” you could hire a “waiter” who I would stand in line for you. Durable goods were also “signed up on a waiting list.” There were certain days for registration, and in order to get on the list, people lined up in the evening, working shifts with relatives overnight, so that in the morning, by the time the registration began, they would be as close as possible to the top of the list. Moreover, the entry was of an incomprehensible nature: in addition to checking in at the store, you also had to come and check in with strange, enterprising people on certain days, so as not to be crossed off the list. In order not to forget the three-four-digit number during roll call, it was written down with a pen on the palm of the hand.

Nowadays, the Soviet Union is either idolized or fiercely hated, and debates about where life was better - in the USSR, or in present-day Russia - have not subsided to this day. The USSR had its advantages in the form of free housing, education and healthcare, very low prices for food, medicine and transport.

The student's scholarship in 1983 was 40-55 rubles. The increased stipend is 75 rubles, really big, five rubles more than the salary of a cleaner or technician. The minimum wage was 70 rubles. Salaries, as a rule, were issued 2 times a month: advance and pay. The advance was usually made on the 20th of each month; it was a fixed amount. And for settlement they gave out what was left after the advance was deducted. The salaries of teachers and doctors in the USSR were low. Nurses received 70 rubles, head nurse 90. Doctors received 115-120 rubles, they were allowed to work one and a half, two “rates”. At a defense enterprise, at so-called “secret” facilities, a salary of 140 rubles could be given to a young specialist immediately after graduation.

Many of us were born in the era of the existence of a powerful state - the Soviet Union. Some earlier, some later. This time can be remembered in different ways - positively, neutrally or negatively. But the following facts remain indisputable. In the 80s, you could live on three rubles for a week. Butter cost 62 kopecks per 200 grams, bread 16 kopecks. The most expensive sausage is 3 rubles and kopecks. Ticket for a trolleybus, bus, tram - 5 kopecks. For one ruble you could buy a full meal in the dining room (borscht, goulash with mashed potatoes, a glass of sour cream, compote, cheesecake); 33 glasses of lemonade with syrup; 100 boxes of matches; 5 cups of “Ice cream” or 10 cups of milk ice cream; 5 liters of bottled milk. And, most importantly, prices did not rise every day, but were stable! This is probably where the majority of the population has nostalgia for those times. Confidence in today and tomorrow is a great thing!

They say that Soviet man- this is a utopia, that it did not exist, no, and cannot be. But there are our memories of Soviet times. About ordinary Soviet people. About what surrounded ordinary Soviet people... In general, in last years it began to seem to many that before there were more hopes, more expectations of something bright and wonderful. Somehow people treated each other warmer. Either we've gotten older, or times have changed...

You can laugh as much as you want at the quirks of modern fashion designers and be nostalgic for the bygone era of the late 80s and 90s, but there is something that completely covers up all the advantages of that time. Fashion!
It’s actually incomprehensible how anyone could like THIS!

Pre-perestroika fashion is nothing to discuss - they wore what they could sew or buy in the stores of that time. And after perestroika it started!

The first post-perestroika items were simply of high quality: jeans, blouses, dresses with wide skirts, which were worn with high heels. And then, along with the new times, new outfits came to the Union from Poland and from “Little Arnautskaya” and - life began to boil...
The people were disoriented. On the one hand - freedom, on the other - what is fashionable? We watched TV and imitated everyone who had to. Including the stars. And the mix of fashion and subcultures that poured into the country turned out to be so thick that everyone dressed in a lot of different things. Clearly disco outfits were paired with formal blouses or trousers. No one was surprised by the basically impossible combination of a jacket from tracksuit and classic trousers.

This is the era of puffy, shapeless jackets in which it was unclear who was wearing it - a girl or a guy.

And the obligatory voluminous shoulders

It was beautiful only on models, and short girls walked like generals without mustaches in their coats with giant shoulders.
The cloaks were also shapeless

There was no way to guess the girl's figure under the clothes. The raincoat could be bought a couple of sizes larger - the “bag” fashion allowed any options. Just not for the figure!
A hood was worn with a warm coat or jacket

This ugly structure did not suit everyone, but half of the girls and women wore it. The rest wore mink or other fur hats—another impossible image of affluence.
Then, at one point, everyone became “sick” about sports - there were countless aerobics shows on TV

And everyone dressed up in multi-colored shiny leggings. Wear them anywhere, not just to a disco

Everyone wore leggings, regardless of their figure. They also painted in a military style. They imitated Madonna and our stars.

Hairstyles are a lot of hairspray or any other means at hand to “set” bangs. Makeup is powerful. We also learned, mainly from those who flashed on the screen.
Mini and fishnet tights. Almost every girl had the same thing, regardless of the length, slenderness and beauty of her legs.

And also - leather jackets or jeans jackets. Every first girl had either one or the other. However, the guys also wore jeans and leather jackets.

The minis were accompanied by fishnet tights or “dolchiki” - tights with patterns, or leggings.

Leggings and a miniskirt were a terrible combination, but they wore it.

Denim jacket and elasticated skirt. Plus the obligatory bouffant and war paint.
Something like this

There is no principle of “one thing - either eyes or lips.” Both are painted, and as brightly as possible.

Banana trousers

A strange trouser model, very wide at the waist and tapering towards the bottom. The non-folding top only emphasized the voluminous fifth points. “Bananas” were produced in different colors.
They also wore tracksuits

They were simply worn as ordinary clothes - both at the feast and in the world. Girls with pumps or even high heels

A suit jacket could easily be worn as a jacket

Then “Electroclub” started singing on the screen, and everyone rushed to buy or make “varenki” themselves.

Jeans were tied in knots and boiled in large pans with soda and bleach. The hellish mixture stank, but the result was worth it. “The most backward layers of the population” dressed in jeans and, probably, in no other country in the world did they

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