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Buy a circulation pump for heating, how to choose. How to choose a circulation pump for a heating system

For efficient heating of private houses, the heating system requires circulation pump. Thanks to this device, continuous circulation of coolant through the pipes is carried out. The room warms up evenly and quickly. At high or low speed of coolant movement, the house is heated unevenly. Therefore, you should carefully approach such an issue as selecting a circulation pump for the heating system.

The selection of a circulation pump for heating does not depend on what fuel is needed for the heating boiler.

1 Why do you need a pump in the heating circuit?

The natural circulation of liquid in the heating circuit is ineffective, since the liquid constantly overcomes resistance, and this slows down its progress. This leads to the fact that the liquid is returned to the boiler cooled, and this requires additional costs for its additional heating.

Using narrower pipes only partially solves the problem, but the cost of reconstruction is much higher than for a circulation pump.

Forced circulation forces the liquid to move faster along the system circuit and return to the boiler not very cool. Fuel consumption costs are therefore reduced.

In systems without a pump, a large volume of coolant is required to maintain the required temperature. You will also need pipes for this. large diameter, and radiators with wide blades.

In forced circulation, a large volume of liquid is not needed. Therefore, pipes with a smaller diameter are suitable. And this saves on materials.

The disadvantage of this type of heating is its energy dependence. The device runs on electric current.

1.1 Design

Most devices are of this design:

the body to which the volute is attached;
the system pipes are connected to the volute;
the housing contains an electric motor with terminals and a control board;
a rotor with an impeller, thanks to which water moves.

When the pump operates, a vacuum is obtained at the inlet of the device and the required pressure at the outlet.

2 Types of devices

There is enough on the market big choice circulation pumps How to choose a heating pump? The most common circulation pumps are devices with a wet and dry rotor.

2.1 Wet rotor mechanism

In a device with wet rotor the impeller and rotor are in the coolant. This helps cool the pump motor, and the device is thus protected from overheating. These parts are made of materials that are non-corrosive.

The disadvantage of devices of this type is that they have low efficiency. Advantages of this type:

low noise level;
availability;
does not require regular maintenance.

Devices with a wet rotor are used for heating in small houses. The low power of the pump allows you to choose a circulation pump for heating of this type in cases where the volume of liquid in the system is small.

2.2 Device with dry rotor

The impeller in a device of this type is located in the coolant, and the rotor is protected from liquid by sealed gaskets.

Selecting a pump for a heating system of this type will show the advantage of high pump power. Due to this, it is used in rooms with a large area. The device has a fairly high efficiency.

However, a pump with a dry rotor also has disadvantages:

vibration and noise levels are quite high;
As a result of the rapid use of the lubricant, it requires regular maintenance.

3 What to pay attention to?

Before you start choosing a pump for your heating system, you should decide what characteristics it should have. What kind of apparatus is needed for heating a private home and what to pay attention to in order to make the optimal choice of a circulation pump for the heating system:

The circulation pump can be installed in two ways. This also affects the selection of a heating pump.

Built directly into the boiler - observed in many modern models.
The pump is welded in as a separate part of the heating circuit. It is used more often in older models of heating boilers. The circulation of water in the systems occurred due to the difference in the density and mass of the cold and hot coolant. Pipes in such systems were placed at a slope. The introduction of a circulation pump into such a system increases the speed of movement of the coolant and, therefore, heats the room faster.

In the question of how to choose a pump, they also take into account characteristics heating systems.

Type of heating system. For networks with natural circulation, it is recommended to install a device with a wet rotor with a power of up to 50-60 W. If the circulation is forced, a more powerful unit is needed, up to 80 W if there is a slope, and up to 90 W without a slope.
Heated area and volume of coolant. The higher these parameters, the more powerful the mechanism required. To calculate the exact power of the device, it is recommended to contact a body technician.
Restriction on the maximum noise level. For heating a private house, where there is no separate room for the pump at a sufficient distance from the living rooms, it is not recommended to choose devices with a dry rotor.
Technical condition of the heating system. TO new system Any heating pump will do. For systems that are 15-20 years old or more, it is necessary to take into account the presence of impurities in the liquid. 25-35% is added to the calculated power, especially when choosing a device with a wet engine. However, for older networks would be better suited a device with a dry rotor, because it is less sensitive to the quality of the liquid.

4 How to choose the right pump?

To choose the right circulation pump for a heating system, you need to consider that the device must meet certain criteria:

In the last point, the wet type pump undoubtedly wins, it is smaller and quieter. But other criteria need to be sorted out.

4.1 Calculation of pump performance

The performance of the pump implies the amount of coolant distilled and its consumption at the lowest load of the device. The higher the performance, the better.

Calculation of the pump according to the performance criterion can be done using the formula: Q = N / (t 2 – t 1), where Q is the desired performance value, N corresponds to the power of the heating boiler, t1 is the temperature of the liquid in the “return” of the circuit, t2 is the temperature indicator in the supply compartment after the heating boiler.

Using this formula, you can approximately select the parameters of the required pump. It is believed that approximately 0.6 m of pump pressure is required per 10 m of the circuit ring.

4.2 Device pressure

Device pressure is the level to which the device can raise water in the heating circuit. Usually this parameter is indicated in the documents for the mechanism and on the pump itself.

For example, heating pumps model GRUNDFOSUPS25-40. The numbers in this stamp mean:

40 – height of liquid rise – 4 m or 0.4 atm. pressure. This value is taken into account first of all when choosing a pump.
25 – diameter of connected pipes – 25 mm. Typically, pipes with a diameter of 32 and 25 mm are used.

Therefore, when wondering how to choose the right circulation pump, you should take into account the full name of the pump. It must match the diameter of the system pipes. The pump also indicates the power consumption, the direction of rotor movement, and the number of revolutions.

4.3 External aspects

Device operation and required amount heat also depends on temperature environment. An incorrectly selected pump may begin to overheat because it may not be able to cope with excessive load. This means that before calculating the necessary parameters of the device, you should be well aware of the characteristics of the boiler and heating system.

For pipes with a larger diameter, the circulating coolant will be larger and, therefore, a more powerful pump will be needed. For coolant made from non-freezing liquid, as a rule, a pump should be selected that is more efficient and reliable.

4.4 Power calculation

The power of the circulation pump for heating depends on the area of the room that is heated. For example, the area is 200 m2. To keep the building warm, an approximate ratio is followed: 1 kW of thermal energy per 10 m 2. Therefore, on given area 20 kW will be required.

Next, you should calculate the temperature difference between the supply and return circuits. Experts advise within 10ᵒC. Calculate the power: 20:10=2. The parameter calculated in this way is the pump power, measured in m 3 /h.

The circulation pump is also calculated based on the parameters of the amount of heat required, pipe resistance, power consumption, and temperature limit.

How to choose a circulation pump for heating to make the system work most efficiently? For correct selection many factors, parameters and characteristics of the pumps and heating system should be taken into account, as well as external conditions and the expected result. You can also take into account reviews about a particular brand of device. The choice is made responsibly, because the comfort in the home largely depends on it.

4.5 How to choose a circulation pump? (video)

Heating systems are divided into systems with natural (gravity) and forced circulation. In systems with forced circulation, the installation of a circulation pump is required. Its task is to ensure the movement of coolant through the system at a given speed. And in order for it to cope with its task, you must choose the right circulation pump.

Purpose and types

As already mentioned, the main task of the circulation pump is to provide the required speed of coolant movement through the pipes. For systems with forced circulation, only under such conditions will the design capacity be achieved. During operation of the circulation system, the pressure in the system increases slightly, but this is not its task. It's more likely by-effect. There are special ones to increase the pressure in the system.

There are two types of circulation pumps: dry and wet rotor. They differ in design, but perform the same tasks. To choose what type of circulation pump you want to install, you need to know their advantages and disadvantages.

With dry rotor

It got its name due to its design features. Only the impeller is immersed in the coolant; the rotor is in a sealed housing, separated from the liquid by several sealing rings.

The design of a circulation pump with a dry rotor - only the impeller is in the water

These devices have the following properties:

They have high efficiency - about 80%. And this is their main advantage.
Requires regular maintenance. During operation, solid particles contained in the coolant fall on the sealing rings, breaking the tightness. Maintenance is required to prevent depressurization.
Service life is about 3 years.
When working they publish high level noise

This set of characteristics is not very suitable for installation in heating systems of private houses. Their main advantage is high efficiency, which means lower energy consumption. Because in large networks Dry rotor circulation pumps are more economical and are mainly used there.

With wet rotor

As the name implies, in equipment of this type, both the impeller and the rotor are located in the liquid. The electrical part, including the starter, is enclosed in a sealed metal cup.

Wet rotor pump design - only the electrical part is dry

This type of equipment has the following properties:

Efficiency is about 50%. Not the best indicator, but for small private heating systems this is not critical.
No maintenance required.
Service life is 5-10 years depending on the brand, operating mode and condition of the coolant.
During operation they are almost inaudible.

Based on the above properties, choosing a circulation pump by type is not difficult: most people choose devices with a wet rotor, since they are more suitable for working in an apartment or private house.

How to choose a circulation pump

Each circulation pump has a set of technical characteristics. They are selected individually for the parameters of each system.

Selecting technical specifications

Let's start with the selection of technical characteristics. There are a lot of formulas for professional calculations, but to select a pump for the heating system of a private house or apartment, you can get by with average standards:

Selecting a circulation pump for heating following these rules is not difficult. Elementary calculations. But it must be said that these figures are statistical averages. If your house at some point differs greatly from the “average” indicators, you need to make adjustments either towards increasing or decreasing technical characteristics. For example, you have insulated your house well, but the power of the previously purchased boiler turned out to be excessive. In this case, it makes sense to choose a pump with a lower capacity. In the opposite situation - the house is chilly in extreme cold - you can install a more efficient circulator. It will temporarily solve the problem (in the future you will need to either insulate or change the boiler).

Model selection

When choosing a specific model, pay attention to the graph with the pressure characteristics of the pump. On the graph you need to find the point where the pressure and productivity values intersect. It should be located in the middle third of the curve. If it does not fall on one of the curves (there are usually several of them, characterizing different models), take the model whose graph is closer. If the point is in the middle, take the less productive one (the one located below).

What else to pay attention to

In the technical characteristics of circulation pumps there are several more items that are worth paying attention to. The first is the permissible temperature of the pumped medium. That is, the temperature of the coolant. In high-quality products this indicator ranges from +110°C to +130°C. In cheap ones it can be lower - up to 90°C (but in fact 70-80°C). If your system is designed as a low-temperature system, this is not a big deal, but if you have a solid fuel boiler, the temperature to which the coolant can be heated is very important.

It is also worth paying attention to the maximum pressure at which the pump can operate. In the heating system of a private house, it is rarely higher than 3-4 atm (this is for a two-story house), but normally it is 1.5-2 atm. But still, pay attention to this indicator.

Something else to pay attention to is the material from which the case is made. The optimal one is cast iron, the cheaper one is made of special heat-resistant plastic.

Connection type and size. The circulation pump can have threaded or flanged connections. The thread can be external or internal - appropriate adapters are selected for it. Connection sizes can be: G1, G2, G3/4.

It is also worth paying attention to the presence of protection. There may be dry-running protection. In circulation pumps with a wet rotor, it is very desirable, since the cooling of the motor occurs due to the moving medium. If there is no water, the motor overheats and fails.

Another type of protection is overheating protection. If the motor heats up to a critical value, the thermal relay turns off the power and the pump stops. These two features will extend the life of the equipment.

Manufacturers and prices

Name	Performance	Pressure	Number of speeds	Connection dimensions	Maximum working pressure	Power	Housing material	Price
Grundfos UPS 25-80	130 l/min	8 m	3	G 1 1/2"	10 bar	170 W	Cast iron	15476 RUR
Caliber NTs-15/6	40 l/min	6 m	3	external thread G1	6 atm	90 W	Cast iron	2350 rub.
BELAMOS BRS25/4G	48 l/min	4.5 m	3	external thread G1	10 atm	72 W	Cast iron	2809 RUR
Gilex Compass 25/80 280	133.3 l/min	8.5 m	3	external thread G1	6 atm	220 W	Cast iron	6300 rub.
Elitech NP 1216/9E	23 l/min	9 m	1	external thread G 3/4	10 atm	105 W	Cast iron	4800 rub.
Marina-Speroni SCR 25/40-180 S	50 l/min	4 m	1	external thread G1	10 atm	60 W	Cast iron	5223 RUR
Grundfos UPA 15-90	25 l/min	8 m	1	external thread G 3/4	6 atm	120 W	Cast iron	6950 rub.
Wilo Star-RS 15/2-130	41.6 l/min	2.6 m	3	internal thread G1		45 W	Cast iron	5386 RUR

Please note that everything specifications presented for moving water. If the coolant in the system is a non-freezing liquid, adjustments must be made. You will have to contact the manufacturer for relevant data for this type of coolant. It was not possible to find similar characteristics in other sources.

Purpose and types

As already mentioned, the main task of the circulation pump is to provide the required speed of coolant movement through the pipes. For systems with forced circulation, only under such conditions will the design capacity be achieved. During operation of the circulation system, the pressure in the system increases slightly, but this is not its task. It's more of a side effect. To increase the pressure in the system there are special booster pumps.

Wet rotor circulation water pumps are more popular

With dry rotor

It got its name due to its design features. Only the impeller is immersed in the coolant; the rotor is in a sealed housing, separated from the liquid by several sealing rings.

The design of a circulation pump with a dry rotor - only the impeller is in the water

These devices have the following properties:

They have high efficiency - about 80%. And this is their main advantage.
Requires regular maintenance. During operation, solid particles contained in the coolant fall on the sealing rings, breaking the tightness. Maintenance is required to prevent depressurization.
Service life is about 3 years.
During operation they produce a high level of noise.

This set of characteristics is not very suitable for installation in heating systems of private houses. Their main advantage is high efficiency, which means lower energy consumption. Therefore, in large networks, circulation pumps with a dry rotor are more economical, and are mainly used there.

With wet rotor

As the name implies, in equipment of this type, both the impeller and the rotor are located in the liquid. The electrical part, including the starter, is enclosed in a sealed metal cup.

Wet rotor pump design - dry only electrical part

This type of equipment has the following properties:

Efficiency is about 50%. Not the best indicator, but for small private heating systems this is not critical.
No maintenance required.
Service life is 5-10 years depending on the brand, operating mode and condition of the coolant.
During operation they are almost inaudible.

How to choose a circulation pump

Each circulation pump has a set of technical characteristics. They are selected individually for the parameters of each system.

Selecting technical specifications

The pump performance is assumed to be equal to the power of the installed heating boiler. That is, if the boiler is rated at 35 kW, then the pump is selected with a capacity of 35 l/min.
Next, you need to calculate the required pressure (lift height). On average, it is believed that for 10 meters of pipeline there should be a pump pressure of 0.6 m. To determine what pressure of the circulation pump is needed for the system, its total length must be divided by 10 and multiplied by 0.6 m/s. For example, if the total length of the heating system is, for example, 80 m, the required pressure will be: 0.6 m * 8 = 4.2 m. That is, in the technical specifications, the pressure should not be less.

You can choose a circulation pump for your heating system yourself

It is better if the speed of movement of the coolant in the system can vary. This will make it possible to adjust heat transfer depending on the outside temperature: the higher the speed, the more heat is transferred. Therefore, it is better to choose models that can operate at several speeds. But in any case, the coolant speed should not exceed 1.6 m/s. This is the threshold for silent operation of the heating system; if you accelerate the coolant faster, noise will appear.
The electrical power of the circulation pump is selected depending on the diameter of the pipes. The smaller the cross-section of the pipe, the greater the hydraulic resistance it has. That is, for systems separated by small-diameter pipes, more powerful pumps are required.

Model selection

The operating point should be in the middle of the graph

What else to pay attention to

In the technical characteristics of circulation pumps there are several more items that are worth paying attention to. The first is the permissible temperature of the pumped medium. That is, the temperature of the coolant. In high-quality products this indicator ranges from +110°C to +130°C. In cheap ones it can be lower - up to 90°C (and in fact 70-80°C). If your system is designed as a low-temperature system, this is not a big deal, but if you have a solid fuel boiler, the temperature to which the coolant can be heated is very important.

You must first select a circulation pump based on its characteristics

Something else to pay attention to is the material from which the case is made. The optimal one is cast iron, the cheaper one is made of special heat-resistant plastic.

Manufacturers and prices

Selecting a circulation pump for a heating system

The article describes how to choose the right circulation pump for a heating system: technical characteristics, models, manufacturers and prices.

Source: stroychik.ru

Where can I buy?

News on the topic “the smallest circulation pump for heating”

03/16/2017 - PROVED

I heat my house with pellets (compressed sawdust– approx. Ed.): About 60 watts are used to operate the heating boiler, another 35-40 watts are used to operate the circulation pump, which circulates the coolant through the heating system. sun4. Photo: Vladislav Zhukovsky, SmartNews....

09/30/2016 - Arguments and facts

This is done directly into the subfloor screed and requires a lot of additional equipment: pipes at the rate of 5 m/m², coolant, installation materials, thermal insulation, screeds, boiler, mixing unit, manifold, circulation pump. Besides, such a floor cannot be made...

Heating systems with forced circulation of coolant provide fast and uniform heating of all sections of the water circuit, regardless of the distance from the water heating unit.

Modern boilers from well-known European brands already have a circulation module installed. To modify old heating systems and connect to energy-independent heating equipment, you will need a circulation pump for heating a private home.

Why do you need a pump in a heating system?

Circulation pumps for heating private houses are designed to create forced movement of coolant in the water circuit. After installing the equipment, the natural circulation of liquid in the system becomes impossible; the pumps will operate in constant mode. For this reason, circulation equipment is subject to high requirements relatively:

Productivity.
Noise insulation.
Reliability.
Long service life.

A circulation pump is needed for “water floors”, as well as two- and one-pipe heating systems. In large buildings it is used for domestic hot water systems.

As practice shows, if you install the station in any system with natural coolant circulation, the heating efficiency and uniform heating along the entire length of the water circuit increases.

The only disadvantage of this solution is the dependence of the pumping equipment on electricity, but the problem is usually solved by connecting a source uninterruptible power supply.

Installing a pump in the heating system of a private home is justified both when creating a new one and when modifying an existing heating system.

Operating principle of the circulation pump

The operation of circulation pumps increases the energy efficiency of the heating system by 40-50%. The operating principle of the devices, regardless of type and design, is as follows:

The liquid enters a cavity made in the form of a shell.
Inside the housing there is an impeller, a flywheel that creates pressure.
The speed of the coolant increases and through centrifugal force, the liquid is discharged into a spiral channel connected to the water circuit.
The coolant enters the water heating circuit at a given speed. Due to the swirling of the water flows, the hydraulic resistance during fluid circulation is reduced.

The operating principle of a heating system with a circulation pump differs from circuits with natural circulation in that the fluid movement is forced. The heating efficiency is not affected by slopes, the number of installed radiators, or the diameter of the pipes.

The operation of circulation pumps may differ slightly depending on the type of design, but the principle of operation remains the same. Manufacturers offer more than hundreds of equipment models, with various performance and control parameters. Based on the characteristics of the pumps, stations can be divided into several groups:

According to the type of rotor - to enhance the circulation of the coolant, models with a dry and wet rotor can be used. The designs differ in the location of the impeller and moving mechanisms in the housing.
So, in models with a dry rotor, only the flywheel, which creates pressure, comes into contact with the coolant fluid. “Dry” models have high performance, but have several disadvantages: a high level of noise from the pump operation is created and regular maintenance is required.
For domestic use, it is better to use modules with a wet rotor. All moving parts, including bearings, are completely enclosed in a coolant medium that serves as a lubricant for the parts that bear the greatest load. The service life of a “wet” type water pump in a heating system is at least 7 years. There is no need for maintenance.
By type of control - the traditional model of pumping equipment, most often installed in small domestic premises, has a mechanical regulator with three fixed speeds. Regulating the temperature in the house using a mechanical circulation pump is quite inconvenient. The modules are distinguished by high power consumption.
The optimal pump has an electronic control unit. A room thermostat is built into the housing. Automation analyzes independently temperature indicators indoors, automatically changing the selected mode. Electricity consumption is reduced by 2-3 times.

There are other parameters that distinguish circulation equipment. But to choose a suitable model, it will be enough to know about the nuances listed above.

How to choose a pump for a heating system

The selection of a pump for a heating system begins with an analysis of the parameters of the room and the installed water heating equipment. Additionally, they determine what functions, in addition to increasing the coolant speed, the installed module should perform.

There are several types of circulation pumps offered by different manufacturers. When choosing, you should focus on the quality and reliability of the product, as well as performance parameters.

When choosing a circulation pump for heating a private house, consider the following points:

Power.
Equipment manufacturing company.
Functionality.

How to calculate the power of a circulation pump

An accurate selection based on the area of the house is made only after a thermal audit of the room and heating system. Often, the procedure is expensive and is performed for industrial facilities and apartment buildings. For domestic buildings with a relatively small area, there is a method for calculating a pump without formulas.

You can independently select the power of the circulation pump as follows:

According to boiler performance. The calculation of the circulation pump for the heating system of a private house is carried out, taking into account that 1 kW of water heating equipment power corresponds to the coefficient bandwidth equal to 1 l/min. Accordingly, for a 25 kW boiler, you will need to install a pump with a rating of 1500 l/hour.
Calculation of the pressure of the circulation pump of the heating system. IN technical documentation the pressure parameter is indicated in meters of water column. Using this parameter, you can determine the length of the water circuit and calculate the required number of pumps in the system.
It is believed that for 10 l.m. pipeline, 0.6 m of water column pressure is required. Optimal choice pump for a 1-storey building is standard models from 6 m. Art. The stations are suitable for premises with a pipeline up to 100 running meters.
If the pressure is not enough, install a second pump or select a more powerful model. The same calculation principle is used when choosing a pump for a 2-story house.

Which brand of circulation pump to choose

The cost of a circulation pump, productivity, and operating time directly depend on the manufacturer of the equipment. It is wrong to focus only on price. When choosing a model, it would be a good idea to find out about consumer reviews regarding quality, technical and industrial characteristics.

Judging by the number of sales, the following companies offer the best circulation pumps:

– the world's largest manufacturer of pumping equipment. According to recent estimates, about 50% of all products sold belong to this brand. Grundfos models are distinguished by high reliability and performance. The company has developed and implemented several energy-saving technologies. German pumps are guaranteed to operate for at least 10 years.
- another leader in the production of circulation equipment. German company, on this moment has factories located in several countries, which, however, does not affect the quality of the products. Wilo's product range includes domestic and industrial stations, as well as electronically controlled models.
is an Italian company with many years of experience in the production of circulation equipment. Since 2002, the operating principle has been improved at the company's factories DAB pumps, which led to an increase in the reliability and performance of the equipment, and also reduced noise.
UNIPUMP is a Russian competitor to well-known foreign brands. The equipment is manufactured by Subline Service. The product range includes submersible and surface pumps. The main advantage of UNIPUMP is considered to be the low cost of the equipment and full adaptation to the conditions of domestic operation.
Oasis is a model that is often offered as Russian product, actually comes from China. It has factory assembly and quality. Cost, even compared to Russian analogues, approximately 30% cheaper, which explains the high popularity of the brand. Oasis models are guaranteed to last their entire service life. The equipment is inferior in performance and thermal characteristics to previous manufacturers.
Wester is another brand that is promoted as English, but actually belongs to the Impulse group of companies. Sufficiently reliable models for heating and hot water systems. Wester pumps are suitable for domestic and industrial use, the only drawback is the limited range of products.

What functionality should you pay attention to?

When choosing a suitable model, you need to pay attention to a few more points:

Pump control – the most convenient and economical pumps with automatic on and off. The automation is connected to the room thermostat. The pressure and circulation speed of the coolant are adjusted automatically. The electronically controlled pump is already equipped with a temperature sensor mounted in the housing. Stations with mechanical switching of operating modes are cheaper. The work intensity is selected manually.
Air removal and pressure relief - an additional bonus will be the presence of a built-in air vent, as well as a function that prevents the engine from starting at idle. Some models are additionally equipped with a pressure relief valve. When there is a power outage, the coolant quickly heats up to the boiling point. The valve prevents emergency situations.

The use of circulation pumps with an electronic control unit is most justified in heating systems of two-story residential buildings, as well as when several water circuits are simultaneously connected.

How to properly install a heating pump

A detailed pump installation diagram is included in the operating instructions. Proper installation begins with a thorough study of the manufacturer's recommendations.

Connecting a pump to a heating system with your own hands is only possible with special equipment and technical skills. Any violations lead to denial of warranty service, reduced productivity and reduced service life.

Installation of a closed home heating system using circulation pumps requires the mandatory connection of a backup power supply. The minimum autonomous power supply time is at least 4-6 hours.
One- and two-pipe heating systems with a circulation pump require the installation of a bypass. When the electricity is turned off, the forced movement of fluid in the system is replaced by natural movement. Systems with combined coolant circulation are a good solution for frequent power outages in a building.
It is prohibited to turn on the device at idle speed in a system not filled with coolant. To check the functionality of the electric pump in the heating system, the water circuit is first filled with liquid. Then turn on the pump. If the station is selected correctly, the surface of the radiators will heat up evenly, regardless of their distance from the heating device.
The optimal pipe diameter is indicated in the technical documentation. Narrowing the cross-section of the water circuit reduces the performance of the pump.
Connection to the electrical network is made using special terminal connections. There is no need to connect a stabilizer. At the same time, an autonomous power supply for the circulation pump is installed. Read about choosing a UPS.
Models with a wet rotor are mounted exclusively in a vertical position.
A coarse filter is installed in front of the pump.
To carry out repair work, the installation location of the pump in the system is made accessible.

If the length of the water circuit exceeds the specified capacity, the heating system is made with two circulation pumps. An additional station is installed on the coolant supply, approximately in the middle of the water circuit.

Where to put the heating pump

The installation location of the pump in the heating system is determined individually, in each individual case. The location is affected by:

Type of heating system.
Number of circuits.

On two-pipe and single-pipe heating systems, pumps are installed immediately after the expansion tank. The point is that the station does not pump water into the container. Two- and one-pipe systems with a circulation pump must be equipped with a bypass. The structure is mounted directly in front of the boiler, on the return pipeline.

A heating system with bottom wiring has a huge advantage - the ability to gradually add radiators and install additional circulation equipment. The decision to install the system with bottom feed coolant, is often used when installing a water circuit in a multi-story building.

A heating system with overhead wiring is usually not necessarily equipped with circulation equipment. The design is designed for natural coolant movement. The circuit is assembled so that the supply pipe is as high as possible above the radiators, and the return pipe is below them. The pump is connected to a pipeline with top wiring anywhere in the circuit, immediately after the expansion tank.

Installation of autonomous heating with a circulation pump in a one- or two-story house, with the simultaneous connection of heated floors, is carried out by installing pumping equipment on each heating system separately (with the exception of models with two electric motors). The station for heated floors is placed in a special mixing unit. Installation is carried out according to the arrows engraved on the pump body and frame.

Pump installation methods are determined individually, depending on the selected heating system and other factors.

What circulation pump speed should I choose?

Provided the performance is correctly calculated, the radiators are properly connected and the heating system is installed, in most cases it is possible to set the minimum pump speed. In this mode, less electricity is consumed and mechanical parts are subject to less wear.

The pump must operate in a mode that best matches the parameters of the heating system and boiler performance. You can check the settings as follows:

Each pump is soundproofed. During operation, the module itself makes a slight noise, comparable to a quiet hum. But, when switching to high speed, the turbulence of the water flows, when passing through the water circuit, creates unpleasant sounds. Recommended speed 1-2 switch position.
Third speed mode used briefly to push through air pockets when filling the heating system with coolant.
Uniform heating. Adding speed is required in cases where the difference in heating temperature of radiators installed at the beginning and end of the water circuit is more than 1-2°C.

Pumps with installed electronic control automatically select the coolant speed, focusing on the supply and return temperatures, as well as the intensity of heating of the room. To select the optimal operating mode, you just need to press the start key.

After installing a circulation pump in the heating system of an individual house, economic efficiency increases by 30-40%. Such indicators make the installation of equipment not only recommended, but rather a mandatory measure.

When resolving issues with organizing the heating of their own homes, the vast majority of homeowners give preference to a water heating system. Methods for obtaining heat may vary - depending on the availability of energy sources, the types of fuel prevailing in the region, and the cost-effectiveness of one or another approach. That is, in fact, the boiler can be installed depending on the circumstances, gas, electric, solid fuel - long-burning or with automatic fuel supply, diesel, etc. But the distribution of thermal energy among rooms in in most cases it is carried out through circulating through pipe circuits - water or specially selected technical fluid.

When designing a water heating system, independently or with the involvement of specialists, it is necessary to competently approach the selection of all units, components and components, from the boiler and radiators to pipes and the last valve - everything must fully comply with the planned parameters, created system. The merman also plays one of the key roles heating pump, since the system equipped with a forced circulation device, it always features stable operation and high efficiency. Therefore, this publication will be entirely devoted to the nuances of pump design, criteria for their selection and basic installation rules.

Is a water circulation pump really necessary for heating?

Surely, many of the thrifty owners will wonder whether it is possible not to “bother” with the pump at all. Indeed, in a small house with slightly branched contours, it can be organized according to a natural circulation scheme.

Yes, of course, there is such a possibility. To do this, it is necessary to correctly position the expansion tank, select pipes of the appropriate diameter and mount them with a certain slope, and optimally position the heating radiators. In a word, when they talk about the simplicity of a system with natural circulation, this statement is very doubtful.

The main advantage of natural circulation - not attachment it to the electrical supply (if, of course, the boiler itself is non-volatile). In all other respects, it is significantly inferior to forced circulation.

Thermal calculations show that even with the most optimal conditions - high boiler efficiency, rational placement of all components, clean pipes not overgrown with sediment and a minimum of shut-off or other fittings, the natural increase in pressure due to the temperature difference and the creation of a slope will be within 0.6 atmospheres. This is clearly not enough to overcome strong hydraulic resistance in an extensive network or even in the event of force majeure circumstances - what happened with a narrowing of the internal clearance or even a short-term stop of the gas boiler can lead to imbalance heating system, and it will take a long time to “bring it back to life.”

So, let’s summarize the advantages and disadvantages of natural and forced circulation:

1. The advantages of natural circulation, as already mentioned, include complete energy independence and the relative simplicity of piping the boiler itself. But there is a whole list of shortcomings:

— The need to use pipes of different, including fairly large diameters, which leads to increased costs of the project and difficulties in installation. The system requires very careful thermal calculations, with precise observance of slopes, with mandatory consideration of the excess of the location of some elements over others and with other nuances.

— Transfer of thermal energy over significant distances (heights) is simply impossible. Both the height and length of the created outline are limited.

— The low speed of natural movement of the coolant leads to completely unnecessary energy losses, uneven heat distribution throughout the rooms, and therefore to a decrease in the overall efficiency of the system and its efficiency.

— A system with natural circulation is very difficult to make any precise adjustments, optimization of heat flow distributionby areas of the house.

2. And now - about forced circulation in heating circuits.

Its disadvantages include dependence on availability - if there is a power failure, the heating system stops.

- Well, firstly, nothing prevents you from organizing the entire system in such a way that it can operate in both modes - it is enough to install the pump unit on the “return” in front of the entrance to the boiler. For example, the figure reproduces the same diagram, but indicating the insertion location of the circulation pump. The strapping procedure will be described below.

“Secondly, let’s agree that now is not the “dawn of the country’s electrification.” And, hand on heart, let’s give ourselves an honest answer to the question - how often, how regularly and for what duration is electricity cut off in a particular area (city, village). If these are just annoying episodes associated with some emergency situations, then everything can be solved by installing an uninterruptible power supply system. The power consumption of circulation pumps is usually very small, and even a small UPS will easily keep the entire heating system in working order.

If, of course, there are still places where power outages are systematic and long-lasting, then in these populated areas it is certainly better to organize heating according to a natural circulation scheme.

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