Personal life of Tereshkova’s daughter. Tereshkova Valentina - biography, facts from life, photographs, background information How old is Valentina Tereshkova

Personal life of daughter Tereshkova

"Santa Barbara" rests next to such passions!

Dear Sirs! The other day I watched the film on ORT “The Personal Life of Valentina Tereshkova.” The film is interesting. I was sincerely interested in the footage where a certain man, not identified by his first and last name, twirls Tereshkova’s grandson Alyosha by the arms. The footage was accompanied by the voice of Kirill Lavrov: “Tereshkova’s daughter has been happily married for a long time.” The question arises: how long ago is this? And why didn't you introduce your husband? Here’s why: in this very man, apparently meant as a husband, I recognized Andrei Rodionov, a man with whom I have known for more than a quarter of a century (since I was ten) and who was my sister’s husband for 20 years. Before his divorce from his sister, this is how he liked to have fun with his nephew, my son.

Unfortunately my Native sister– Elena Rodionova – unwittingly crossed paths with Elena Mayorova (daughter of V. Tereshkova) in such “Santa Barbara”, what’s wrong with the mentioned series! If I hadn’t witnessed what happened, I would never have believed it! Life, it turns out, presents stories that no screenwriter would ever dream of!

Therefore, I am breaking the story into series, keeping in mind a possible continuation of the film “The Personal Life of Valentina Tereshkova”, at least under the working title “The Personal Life of Tereshkova’s Daughter.”

Natalia Egorova

Episode 1 Happy Soviet childhood

A simple Soviet family lives (cosmonauts Tereshkova and Nikolaev), having given birth to a daughter, Elena, who eats poorly (still), but listens a lot and absorbs her mother’s model of behavior. After some time, the parents get divorced, and the mother tries to prevent the father from seeing his daughter - a common situation. Elena’s parents had long been friends with the family of Professor Shaposhnikov, from where after some time V. Tereshkova takes the professor away (Tereshkova’s daughter’s story to her ex-husband) and lives with him happily ever after. My daughter grows up and enters medical school. A certain Greek (but kind!) millionaire tried to rid medicine of future doctors by offering Elena as much as a million dollars for a transfer to MGIMO. But for some reason the deal fell through, Elena graduated from the institute. Mom got her daughter a job at CITO under the supervision of Shaposhnikov (where after a while Elena was forbidden to stay on night shifts and generally began to be brought to work in a company car and taken from work in the same car - just in case).

We show another simple life at the time Elena graduated from medical institute Soviet family- its head is former boss 235th government aviation squadron, former personal pilot of Brezhnev, Andropov, Chernenko and Gorbachev, Major General of Aviation Alexey Grigorievich Mayorov, at that time a representative of Aeroflot in Stockholm. They say that without A.G. Mayorov at the helm, Raisa Maksimovna Gorbacheva refused to fly at all. Alexey Grigorievich and his wife Lidia Ivanovna Mayorov have an adult son, Igor, who graduated from an aviation institute and flight school and works as a pilot at Sheremetyevo. It should be noted that there was a certain social difference between the Tereshkova and Mayorov families. Well, Tereshkova’s biography is known - her merits are great, she is a universal idol, several generations were raised by her example. Elena, born into the family of the first female astronaut, was personally sent diapers by Queen Elizabeth II. Igor was born into the family of an IL-14 co-pilot; the Mayorov family received their first apartment when Igor entered 2nd grade. Long years Aleksey Grigorievich Mayorov spent money on achieving his position in aviation, so Igor did not acquire the habits of the “golden youth”.

One day Elena Tereshkova accidentally saw Igor Mayorov. This is where it began! It’s hard to say what motivated her - it happened in 1990, by that time the young lady was exactly 26 years old, it’s quite possible that she couldn’t bear to get married, and she might have liked Igor: a handsome pilot with a future, from a good family.

In any case, Elena launched an unprecedented attack on Igor. She began to look for mutual acquaintances - and, naturally, they were found. Igor knew that they were trying to get to know him, but he dodged as best he could, realizing that the family’s starting conditions were different. Once, when Igor, barely alive from fatigue, returned from a flight in the evening, a nice company of acquaintances was already waiting for him in the kitchen of his parents’ apartment, and at the entrance stood Valentina Vladimirovna Tereshkova’s black service Volga, bristling with antennas, in which sat a stranger who introduced herself as Elena, her daughter Valentina Tereshkova. Taking advantage of Igor’s stupor and fatigue, they shoved him into a Volga and took him to Star City for an excursion to the local museum, which was even opened at night for the occasion.

The siege of the younger Mayorov was carried out according to all the rules of fortification art. The next assault was followed by a lull, then a new onslaught followed. The situation was aggravated by the fact that Igor was 31 years old at that time, and being single at that age for a pilot of international flights is not good, as the detachment’s leadership increasingly reminded him of. And parents dreamed of grandchildren.

Igor, attacked from all sides, tried to warn the young lady that the attributes “ social life"(receptions at embassies, Mercedes, villas, etc.

) are of little interest to him. The last straw was Elena’s complaints about the tyranny of her mother, who even allows herself to let go of her hands (“her mother hit her in the face so hard that the earrings flew out of her ears”). And in general, if Igor does not marry her, all she can do is hang herself.

In October 1992, Elena, taking only the necessary personal belongings, runs away from her mother to Igor, they hide in the dachas of friends - they wait for V. Tereshkova to cool down. The latter, in an attempt to return her daughter, calls A.G. Mayorov in Stockholm and rashly threatens to put Igor in prison, since he allegedly introduced her daughter to drugs and robbed her apartment.

Deciding that a young lady at 28 years old was probably ripe for family life, tired of the attacks from his superiors and, in addition, feeling sorry for “Cinderella with a living mother,” Igor still marries Elena Tereshkova (now Mayorova). A modest wedding took place on November 28, 1992 in the apartment of Igor’s parents, only 12 people were present, including the newlyweds. Elena’s mother, V. Tereshkova, was not at the wedding.

Somehow, Elena, almost by mail, quits CITO (it is clear that her way there is now blocked), sits without work for a year, until Alexey Grigorievich gets her a job medical Center Aeroflot on Sokol as a flight squad doctor - high salary plus 4 guaranteed business trips abroad per year (possible with your husband).

Elena was lucky: Alexey Grigorievich, who had dreamed of a daughter all his life, gladly received her, at least in the form of a daughter-in-law. A young married couple has “the whole world in their pocket”: fur coats, cars, Australia, France, Sweden, Denmark, Norway, Finland, Malta, Cyprus, Indonesia, UAE, Sri Lanka, Pakistan and a three-room apartment in the south-west of Moscow (carefully left young, like everything else, by Alexey Grigorievich Mayorov). At the same time, Igor also earns good money.

The young couple had already seen enough of the world, and in 1995 their son Alyosha was born, named after his pilot grandfather. Grandfather is happy. Now it’s not the Queen of England who sends diapers for Alyosha, but still the Swedish princess. Everything else (which the princess did not guess) necessary for her grandson is brought from Stockholm, where the grandfather was then working.

The relationship between Elena Mayorova (and her son-in-law too, this is understandable) with V. Tereshkova completely ceased - both parties did not want to know about each other for 7 years, and she did not see her now “adored” grandson Tereshkova until the latter was 4 years old.

The whole world in your pocket: Australia...

True, Alexey Grigorievich insisted that Elena make peace with her mother, but she declared every time (especially after the birth of her son): “My mother will never see her grandson as well as her own ears.” However, this does not matter, because there is another loving grandmother - Lidia Ivanovna.

Tereshkova’s daughter, the recently modest Elena, who came to the Mayorov family, resumes her craving for jewelry, expensive fur coats and cars. Slowly, meanwhile, the newlyweds’ relationship is going wrong, Elena’s mother’s commanding character awakens (in addition to greed), and Igor increasingly prefers free time spent in the garage, for which my wife sometimes severely criticizes me.

End of the first episode.

Episode 2. Hungry Soviet childhood and stone toys

Moscow, 60s, Sretenka, apartment not in need of renovation. Andrei Rodionov and his mother grow up in it and dream about the future. Andrey's dad left his family for another woman when his son was 5 years old. Then he returned several times, so Andrei did not particularly notice his absence. When the boy was 15 years old, his parents remarried, giving birth to another son. Then the pattern repeated itself - when Rodion, Andrei’s younger brother, was 5 years old, his parents separated again. Andrei's father married a young lady who bore him two children, but fate was not kind to the young lady - Andrei's father died in a car accident. The fate of Andrei’s mother also did not work out. At the age of approximately 38, she became involved with ex-friend family and gave birth to a daughter, Anya, who is a year younger than my niece. They live very poorly.

Andrei knows that in this life he can only count on himself, so he enters the Aktobe Flight School, graduates from it and receives an assignment to Lipetsk. But since school he has been friends with my sister Elena, whom he marries. Here, naturally, our dad, who at that time served in the Main Personnel Directorate of the Ministry of Defense in a considerable rank, makes a couple of calls, and his son-in-law immediately turns out to be a pilot of a geodetic aviation squad based in Myachkovo, near Moscow. Then he becomes a pilot civil aviation Domodedovo. The young couple gives birth to a daughter, Ira. Everyone is happy.

November 28, 1992 Registry office on the corner of Leninsky Prospect and st. Lobachevsky. Wedding of Igor Mayorov and Elena, daughter of Tereshkova

But difficult times are coming, Andrey is simultaneously trying to do business to feed his family. However, the business ends, and all that remains for Andrei is a used BMW and a garage. True, Andrei’s mother, who at one time worked in the housing office on Sretenka, helps with the apartment, having carried out some kind of operation, so the newlyweds are doing well with housing - a three-room apartment on Sokol. They lived like that for twenty years. It happened differently. In recent years, pilots have been paid little, so my sister received a significant portion of the earnings. Andrey, we must give him his due, tried: he became the commander of the ship at Domodedovo, and then (albeit with a demotion) made his way to co-pilot at Sheremetyevo. As usual, my whole family helped him with this, and this time it’s hard to say whether he got there himself or whether requests helped him, or maybe both.

And Igor Mayorov and Andrei Rodionov did not know not only that their destinies would intersect, but they simply did not know each other - there were still many pilots at Sheremetyevo.

End of the second series.

Ending in the next issue.

TERESHKOVA Valentina Vladimirovna - the world's first female cosmonaut (1963), Hero Soviet Union(1963), Major General (1995), deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR and the State Duma of the Russian Federation.

Valentina Tereshkova was born on March 6, 1937 in the now defunct village of Bolshoye Maslennikovo near the town of Tutaev. Yaroslavl region V peasant family immigrants from Belarus. Russian. Father - Vladimir Aksenovich Tereshkov (1912-1940), originally from the village of Vyylovo, Belynichi district, Mogilev region, tractor driver. He was drafted into the Red Army in 1939 and died in the Soviet-Finnish War. Mother - Tereshkova (nee Kruglova) Elena Fedorovna (1913-1987), from the village of Eremeevshchina, Dubrovensky district. The family also had elder sister Lyudmila and younger brother Vladimir.

After the end of the Great Patriotic War Elena Fedorovna and her children moved to Yaroslavl. Valentina entered high school No. 32 (now named after Tereshkova). She graduated from seven classes in 1953. In 1954, she went to work at the Yaroslavl Tire Plant as a bracelet maker in the assembly and vulcanization shop in the preparatory operation, where she operated a diagonal cutting machine. At the same time, she studied in evening classes at a school for working youth. From April 1955, she worked for seven years as a weaver at the Krasny Perekop technical fabrics factory, where her mother and older sister also worked. Since 1959, she has been involved in parachuting at the Yaroslavl Aero Club (performed 90 jumps). From 1955 to 1960 she studied in absentia at a technical school light industry. Since August 11, 1960 - released secretary of the Komsomol committee of the Krasny Perekop plant. Since March 1962 - member of the CPSU.

Tereshkova was enrolled in the cosmonaut corps on March 12, 1962 and began training as a student-cosmonaut of the 2nd detachment. On November 29, 1962, she passed her final exams with excellent marks. Since December 1, 1962, Tereshkova has been a cosmonaut of the 1st detachment of the 1st department.

Tereshkova made her space flight (the world's first flight of a female cosmonaut) on June 16-19, 1963 on the Vostok-6 spacecraft. The launch took place at Baikonur not from the “Gagarin” site, but from a duplicate one. At the same time, the Vostok-5 spacecraft, piloted by cosmonaut Valery Bykovsky, was in orbit. Call sign Tereshkova during the flight - “Seagull”; the phrase she said before the start: “Hey! Sky! Take off your hat!” (modified quote from V. Mayakovsky’s poem “A Cloud in Pants”).

The Vostok-6 lander landed safely in the Bayevsky district Altai Territory. Valentina Tereshkova is the only woman in the world to have made a solo space flight. Pilot-cosmonaut of the USSR No. 6, 10th cosmonaut of the world.

After returning from space, Tereshkova received a three-room apartment in Yaroslavl on Golubyatnaya Street (now Tereshkova Street), where she moved with her mother, aunt and her daughter. Later she moved to live in Star City.

On June 16, 1963, Tereshkova was appointed as an instructor-cosmonaut of the 1st detachment and remained in this position until March 14, 1966.

From April 30, 1969 to April 28, 1997 - instructor-cosmonaut of the cosmonaut detachment of the 1st department of the 1st directorate of the group of orbital ships and stations, instructor-cosmonaut-tester of the group of orbital manned complexes of general and special purpose, 1st group of cosmonaut corps.

Since 1997 she has been a senior Researcher Cosmonaut Training Center.

After completing the space flight, Tereshkova entered the Air Force Engineering Academy. N. E. Zhukovsky and, having graduated with honors, later became a candidate of technical sciences, professor, and author of more than 50 scientific papers.

Military ranks: December 15, 1962 - junior lieutenant, June 16, 1963 - lieutenant, June 16, 1963 - captain, January 9, 1965 - major, October 14, 1967 - lieutenant colonel, April 30, 1970 - colonel engineer, since 1975 - colonel engineer, 1995 - Major General. Retired since April 30, 1997. Valentina Tereshkova is the first female general in the history of the Russian Army.

Immediately after the flight, V.V. Tereshkova actively took up social activities. She represented the USSR in many countries of the world and was elected to responsible positions:

In 1966-1989 - deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of the VII-XI convocations.

In 1968-1987 - Chairman of the Soviet Women's Committee.

In 1969 - vice-president of the International Democratic Federation of Women, member of the World Peace Council.

In 1971-1990 - member of the CPSU Central Committee. Delegate to the XXIV, XXV, XXVI and XXVII Congresses of the CPSU.

From 1974 to 1989, he was a member of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.

In 1987-1992 - Chairman of the Presidium of the Union of Soviet Societies for Friendship and cultural relations With foreign countries.

In 1989-1992 - People's Deputy of the USSR from the Union of Soviet Societies for Friendship and Cultural Relations with Foreign Countries and the Rodina Society.

In 1992 - Chairman of the Presidium of the Russian Association international cooperation.

In 1992-1995 - First Deputy Chairman of the Russian Agency for International Cooperation and Development.

From 1994 to 2004, he was the head of the Russian Center for International Scientific and Cultural Cooperation.

In December 1995, during the elections to the State Duma of the 2nd convocation, V.V. Tereshkova was included in the Federal list of the All-Russian socio-political movement “Our Home is Russia”, but did not become a deputy (NDR, having collected 10.13% of the votes, received only 45 mandates).

September 14, 2003 at the II Congress Russian Party Zhizni was nominated as a candidate for deputy in the elections to the State Duma of the 4th convocation on the Federal party list at number 3, but the party bloc did not overcome the electoral threshold.

In 2008-2011 - deputy of the Yaroslavl Regional Duma from the United Russia party, deputy chairman of the Duma.

Elected as a deputy in 2011 State Duma Russia of the 6th convocation from the United Russia party on the Yaroslavl regional list, deputy chairman of the State Duma Committee on International Affairs.

In 2013, she headed the list of the United Russia party in the elections of deputies to the Yaroslavl Regional Duma of the 6th convocation. She refused the mandate, remaining a deputy of the State Duma of Russia.

In 2016, she was elected to the State Duma of Russia of the 7th convocation from the United Russia party on the Yaroslavl regional list.

Member of the Supreme Council of United Russia.

With the assistance and participation of Tereshkova, a university was opened in Yaroslavl, a new building for a technical school of light industry was built, River Station, planetarium, the Volga embankment has been landscaped. She constantly provides assistance to her native school and orphanages in the Yaroslavl region.

Since 2015 - President of the non-profit charitable foundation Memory of Generations.

On November 3, 1963, Valentina Tereshkova married cosmonaut No. 3 Andriyan Nikolaev, the wedding took place in a government mansion on the Lenin Hills, among the guests were Yuri Gagarin and other cosmonauts, Chairman of the CPSU Central Committee and the Council of Ministers of the USSR N. S. Khrushchev. After the marriage, Tereshkova bore the double surname Nikolaeva-Tereshkova. On June 8, 1964, daughter Elena Andriyanovna was born: the world's first child, both whose father and mother were astronauts. The marriage with Nikolaev was officially dissolved in 1982. The second husband of V.V. Tereshkova is Major General of the Medical Service, Director of the Central Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics (CITO) Yuliy Shaposhnikov (1931-1999).

Elena Tereshkova is an orthopedic surgeon, works at CITO. Her first husband was pilot Igor Alekseevich Mayorov, her second husband was pilot Andrei Yuryevich Rodionov. V.V. Tereshkova’s grandchildren are Alexey Igorevich Mayorov (b. October 20, 1995) and Andrei Andreevich Rodionov (b. June 18, 2004).

Awards of Russia and the USSR:

Hero of the Soviet Union (June 22, 1963);
Order of Merit for the Fatherland, 1st degree (March 3, 2017);
Order of Merit for the Fatherland, II degree (March 6, 2007);
Order of Merit for the Fatherland, III degree (March 6, 1997);
Order of Alexander Nevsky (June 12, 2013);
Order of Honor (June 10, 2003);
Order of Friendship (April 12, 2011);
two Orders of Lenin (June 22, 1963 and May 6, 1981);
Order of the October Revolution (December 1, 1971);
Order of the Red Banner of Labor (March 5, 1987);
medals;
USSR pilot-cosmonaut;
State Prize Russian Federation for outstanding achievements in the field humanitarian activities 2008 (June 4, 2009);
medal "For work for the benefit of the land of Yaroslavl."
Certificate of Honor from the President of the Russian Federation (March 3, 2012);
Gratitude from the President of the Russian Federation (March 2, 2000);
Gratitude from the President of the Russian Federation (April 9, 1996);
Certificate of Honor from the Government of the Russian Federation (June 16, 2008);
Certificate of Honor from the Government of the Russian Federation (June 12, 2003);
Certificate of Honor from the Government of the Russian Federation (March 3, 1997);
Gratitude from the Government of the Russian Federation (March 6, 2002).

Foreign awards:

Hero's Gold Star Medal Socialist Labor Czechoslovakia
Order of Klement Gottwald (August 1963);
Medal "Gold Star" of the Hero of Socialist Labor of the People's Republic of Belarus
Order of Georgiy Dimitrov (September 9, 1963);
Order of Karl Marx and Becker Medal (October 1963, GDR);
Grunwald Cross, 1st degree (October 1963, Poland);
Order of Trishakti Patta, 1st class (November 1963, Nepal);
Order of the Star of the Republic of Indonesia, II degree (November 1963);
Order of the Volta (January 1964, Ghana);
Order of the State Banner of Hungary (April 1965);
medal “Golden Soyomb” of the Hero of Labor of the MPR and the Order of Sukhbaatar (May 1965, MPR);
Order of Culture, 1st degree (August 1969, Afghanistan);
large ribbon of the Order of the Star of Jordan (December 1969, Jordan);
Order of Civil Merit (Syria);
Order “Necklace of the Nile” (January 1971, UAR);
medal "Gold Star" of the Hero of Labor of Vietnam (October 1971);
Order of Bernardo O'Higgins and the Golden Badge of the Air Force (March 1972, Chile);
Order of the Yugoslav Flag, 1st class (November 1972);
Order “For Achievements in Science” (November 17, 1973, SRR);
Order of the Sun (1974, Peru);
Order of Playa Giron and Order of Ana Betancourt (1974, Cuba);
medal “For strengthening brotherhood in arms” (1976, NRB);
Order of Friendship (1997, Laos);
Order of Prince Branimir with a large ribbon (February 17, 2003, Croatia).

Awards from scientific, public and religious organizations:

gold medal named after K. E. Tsiolkovsky of the USSR Academy of Sciences;
gold medal of the British Society for Interplanetary Communications “For success in space exploration” (February 1964, Great Britain);
gold medal "Cosmos" (FAI);
Gallembert Prize for Astronautics;
gold medal of the World named after Joliot-Curie (1964, France);
Order of the Wind Rose International Committee on aeronautics and space flights;
"Golden Mimosa" of the Italian Women's Union (1963);
badge of the Komsomol Central Committee “For active work in the Komsomol” (1963);
VDNKh gold medal (June 28, 1963);
honorary badge of DOSAAF USSR (July 1, 1963);
Olympia public recognition award for women's achievements (2003);
National award “Russian of the Year” in the category “Legend of Russia” (2004);
order St. Seraphim Sarovsky II degree (ROC; 2007);
order Venerable Euphrosyne, Grand Duchess of Moscow II degree (ROC; 2008);
Order of Glory and Honor, 1st degree (ROC; March 6, 2012);
Imperial Order of the Holy Great Martyr Anastasia (July 12, 2013, Russian Imperial House).

V.V. Tereshkova - Honorable Sir Yaroslavl region and cities: Yaroslavl, Tutaev, Myshkin, Kaluga, Shchelkovo (Russia), Karaganda, Baikonur (before 1995 - Leninsk, Kazakhstan, 1977), Gyumri (before 1990 - Leninakan, Armenia, 1965), Vitebsk (Belarus, 1975) , Montreux and Drancy (France), Montgomery (Great Britain), Polizzi-Generosa (Italy), Darkhan (Mongolia, 1965), Sofia, Burgas, Petrich, Stara Zagora, Pleven, Varna (Bulgaria, 1963), Bratislava (Slovakia, 1963).

V.V. Tereshkova was awarded the title “The Greatest Woman of the 20th Century.”

The following are named after V.V. Tereshkova:

crater on the Moon;

minor planet 1671 Chaika (according to its call sign - “Chaika”);

streets in different cities, including Yaroslavl, Tutaev, Odessa, Ulan-Ude, Novosibirsk, Krasnoyarsk, Kostroma, Kemerovo, Ulyanovsk, Orenburg, Balakhna, Lipetsk, Irkutsk, Novocheboksarsk, Vitebsk, avenue in Gudermes, square in Tver, embankment in Evpatoria;

schools in Yaroslavl (where she studied), in Novocheboksarsk, in Karaganda and in the city of Esik (Almaty region);

The dream of going into space has not left humanity for centuries, and on April 12, 1961, it was destined to come true - Yuri Gagarin made his first flight. Today at Cosmonautics Day, we want to recall an equally significant space expedition - flight of the first female cosmonaut Valentina Tereshkova.

The first space flights took place in conditions of fierce competition between the USSR and the USA. Both superpowers worked to ensure that their ships plowed the expanses of the Universe, but, as you know, the palm in this matter belonged to the Soviet Union. After the debut “male” flight, the Americans had only one trump card left - to prepare a “female” flight, but even here the Soviet cosmonauts were ahead. As soon as the country of Soviets received information about the preparation of the American “women’s team,” Nikita Khrushchev personally insisted that a competitive selection be held among Soviet women as well.

There were many contenders for the role of the woman who would be the first to go into space. Such a scale would be the envy of any modern beauty contest: out of 800 participants in the competition, 30 made it to the finals. They began to be prepared for the decisive flight. During the preparation process, the 5 best candidates were selected; by the way, Valentina Tereshkova was by no means the first in this ranking. In terms of medical indicators, she ranked last.

The girls went through difficult tests: they were placed in extreme high temperatures and into rooms with high humidity, they had to try themselves in zero gravity conditions and learn to ground themselves on the water by jumping with a parachute (training was needed for landing during landing spaceship). Psychological testing was also carried out: it was important to understand how comfortable women would be while in space (by the way, Tereshkova’s experience was unique in that she was in space for almost three days alone, all later flights were made by a duo).

The decision about who would fly into space was made personally by Khrushchev; the story of Valentina Tereshkova perfectly fit the ideal of a “girl from the people” who achieved everything through her own labor. Valentina had a simple family, she herself was born in a village and worked at a weaving factory, she had never been professionally involved in parachute jumping, she had less than 100 jumps in total. In a word, the heroine from the people fully corresponded to the desired ideal.

Tereshkova's spacecraft was launched on June 16, 1963. She flew on the Vostok-6 ship. Valentina Tereshkova can rightfully be called a heroine, since during the flight she faced a huge number of difficulties, but survived all the trials with dignity. The main problem I felt unwell: nausea, lethargy, drowsiness - I had to fight all this. There was even a recorded case that Valentina stopped responding to requests from Earth; it turned out that she simply fell asleep from overwork; only Valery Bykovsky, another Soviet cosmonaut, who was also in orbit at that time, was able to wake her up. There was an internal connection between their ships, through which the astronauts could communicate.

However, the most terrible test, about which the official authorities were silent for a long time, was a malfunction in the mechanism of Tereshkova’s ship. Instead of landing on Earth, she risked flying into space and dying. Miraculously, Gagarin, who was monitoring the flight, managed to figure out how to correct the situation, and Valentina Tereshkova was still able to return.

Landing in the Altai region turned out to be difficult. The exhausted female astronaut literally fell on the heads of local residents. Tired and exhausted, she gladly changed into the clothes brought to her, exposing her body, which had turned into a continuous hematoma from the spacesuit, and also tasted peasant food - potatoes, kvass and bread. For this, she later received a reprimand from Sergei Korolev himself, because by doing so she violated the purity of the experiment.

For many years after Valentina Tereshkova's flight, Soviet women did not go into space; too many difficulties arose during the flight due to " individual characteristics female body"But the name of the first Soviet female pilot is forever inscribed in world history!

Interestingly, today there are many versions regarding whether. According to some sources, he was the fourth cosmonaut, according to others - even the twelfth!

Biography

The world's first female cosmonaut, Valentina Tereshkova, never told anyone about her marriage. Exactly thirty-eight years ago she became the wife of a cosmonaut no less legendary than herself, Andrian Nikolaev. They lived together not so long - eight years. Their marriage is shrouded in secrecy to this day. So what are they silent about? ex-spouses? We have put together everything that is known about this.

“FROM THERE” SHE RETURNED A COMPLETELY DIFFERENT PERSON

It was not Valentina Tereshkova who was supposed to fly into space, but her friend from the flying club Tatyana Morozycheva, who had many more parachute jumps. But during the medical examination it unexpectedly turned out that Tanya was expecting a child. They say that soon, never having recovered from the shock, this woman drank herself to death.

When 26-year-old Valentina landed safely after the flight, many felt resentment and envy gave way to pity. Tereshkova did not survive the space journey well. These seventy hours became a real hell for her. Almost all the time, Valentina was constantly sick and vomiting. But she tried to hold on - reports were sent to Earth: “I am the Seagull.” The flight is going well." And during the ejection, Tereshkova hit her head on her helmet - she landed with a huge bruise on her cheek and temple. Valentina was almost unconscious. She was urgently transported to a hospital in Moscow. Only in the evening did the luminaries of domestic medicine report that Tereshkova’s life and health were out of danger. The next day, they urgently staged filming for a newsreel: they put Tereshkova in a camera and filmed extras running towards him. Then one of them opened the lid of the device. Tereshkova was sitting inside, cheerful and smiling. These shots spread all over the world.

The Seagull returned from space as a female symbol. People are starting to imitate her - ladies are asking hairdressers to get a haircut like Tereshkova’s. appear on the shelves wrist watch"Gull". They invite her to the Kremlin and kiss her hand. Public organizations all over the world they want to see her as their honorary member. Her jacket, in addition to the Hero's star, is decorated with two Orders of Lenin, the Order of the October Revolution, the Red Banner of Labor and the Friendship of Peoples. She is the hero of the republics of Bulgaria and Mongolia. Tereshkova becomes a woman legend. She is awarded the rank of general (she is still the only one in Russian army female general). One of the craters on the Moon is named after her.

Everyone who knew her said that “from there” Tereshkova returned as a completely different person. Her fellow countrymen were especially amazed at the “star fever”. She arrived in her native Yaroslavl a month after the flight. A rally was organized at the plant. The townspeople waited at the gate for the famous cosmonaut to come out to them after meeting the weavers. And Tereshkova was taken out the back door to the pier to the boat. The people were left with their noses. Afterwards there was to be a meeting with fellow countrymen at the stadium. And again people were waiting for the heroine, getting ready, dressing up. But they came and saw nothing.

“Then we met with her,” says Romanov, Chief Power Engineer textile mill "Krasny Perekop". “But she could no longer be herself.” Maintained a different image. All the time with her retinue, who did not let her go for a minute. Secretaries of regional committees, city committees... She seemed to ask, as before, “How are you?”, but the tone was different. More and more high phrases. We learned about her life only from newspapers.

DID KHRUSHCHEV HIMSELF MATCH THEM?

Five months after the flight - November 3, 1963 - Tereshkova, unexpectedly for many, married cosmonaut Andrian Nikolaev. No one could understand why this particular man became her husband. It was rumored that she was in love with Gagarin, but he was already married. The residents of Yaroslavl recalled that she seemed to have some kind of fiancé, but who was he, where and what happened to him? One newspaper named the name of Robert Silin, with whom Valentina studied at the flying club and whom she allegedly planned to marry. However, journalists were unable to find this person.

“Close relationships, as is customary today, were rare then,” says Romanov. - Although, of course, they looked after her. She was friends with Valentin Aristov. We went to the cinema, to the theater, walked in the evenings, probably kissed. And they didn’t hide their relationship.

For many, the only explanation for this unexpected marriage was that Khrushchev himself had betrothed them.
He was pushed to this by medical scientists who wanted to continue the research on the human body that had begun in space during and after the flight. In addition, the head of state wanted to show the whole world what “correct” soviet people- and they do what they need to do and marry whoever they need to. Indeed, such star couple was not available anywhere in the world. Nikolaev at that time was the only one who spent the longest time in space - four days. He is the first who was allowed to get rid of his chair and go “free swimming”. In addition, he was the only single man on the astronaut team.

True, there were those who completely denied the version of the marriage according to Khrushchev’s convenience. The third female cosmonaut, Elena Kondakova, said: “The members of the first squad were such privileged people that Nikita Sergeevich himself listened to them. And if Valentina Vladimirovna had said “no,” no CPSU Central Committee could have forced it.”

- Yes, Khrushchev was zero, he didn’t decide anything! – Andrian Nikolaev himself said in one interview. “On the contrary, he ruined our wedding.” I wanted to hold it in the House of Officers of the Moscow Garrison, ordered a table for 300 seats, and Khrushchev said that the wedding would be in the Government Reception House.
And there could only accommodate 200 people. We asked a hundred friends and relatives to wait for us in Star City. And as soon as Khrushchev and his wife left the wedding, we immediately fled to Zvezdny.

A year later, Valentina and Andrian had a daughter. There is an opinion that the girl was born premature and deaf. However, apart from strabismus, in childhood there are no other external factors,
no one noticed indicating her illness. Elena graduated from high school and medical school with honors. Now she is married, she has a son, Alyosha, who tells everyone that his grandparents flew on a rocket. The daughter says nothing about the marriage of her mother and father, nor about the subsequent divorce. It is possible that Tereshkova has not revealed all the nuances to her until now.

SHE IS FIRE, HE IS WATER

The divorce of the star couple shocked many as much as the wedding. It must be said that it was not easy for them themselves - family quarrels the cosmonaut corps was then examined by numerous commissions. However, the divorce was not a surprise to everyone. When the Tereshkova and Nikolaev family first appeared, there were those who understood: this would not last long. General Nikolai Kamanin, who was well versed in people, wrote in his diary on November 10, 1963: “Yesterday at the airfield Valya and Andrian smiled and outwardly were quite pleased with each other... Their marriage may be useful for politics and science, but I’m not at all sure that Valya really loves Andrian. They are too different: she is fire, and he is water. Both are strong, strong-willed people, neither of them will voluntarily submit to the other... Nikolaev will gain more from this marriage, and Tereshkova can only lose.”

Andrian Grigorievich himself, in his first book, “Meet Me in Orbit,” published in 1966, writes tenderly and warmly about his wife: “We are happy. We found each other as the most cherished thing in life. We are united by common views on life, general work, common goals and, as Valya said, one river. We are both from the Volga...” And already in his second book, “Space - a road without end,” published in 1979, about Tereshkova - briefly and dryly.

LITTLE IS KNOWN ABOUT HER CURRENT LIFE

In the early 80s, Valentina Tereshkova met Yuli Germanovich Shaposhnikov, head of the Central Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics. They said that he left because of her old family. A few years ago he died of cancer. “A modest man and a hard worker,” that’s how he was characterized. And Valentina Vladimirovna spoke warmly about her second husband.

Unfortunately, the first female cosmonaut had almost no truly close people left. Her dearly beloved younger brother Volodya, who worked as a cameraman in Zvezdny, died several years ago. My mother has also been dead for a long time. For a very long time, Valentina Vladimirovna searched for the grave of her father, who died on the Karelian Isthmus. Thanks to one of the marshals of the Ministry of Defense, who allocated funds to fly over the area, I found a mass grave overgrown with forest. She erected a monument and visits there regularly.

They say that Tereshkova now has a much smaller retinue. She is always modestly dressed and equally hardworking. Once, school teachers visited her. They said: she got up at six in the morning, cooked millet porridge, fed everyone... Tereshkova did a lot for Yaroslavl, helps people. In 1996, the director of the school where Valentina Vladimirovna studied became seriously ill. An operation was needed. Thanks to Tereshkova, they did it in Moscow for free.

The governments of the USSR and Russia never ignored the first female cosmonaut. She has always been on the state and social work. At Tereshkova's huge connections, thanks to which, they say, she became a general at the last moment before retiring. Although, to be honest, very little is known about this side of her life.

HE IS STILL BEAUTIFUL AND SINGLE

Zvezdny is a small town. Here everyone knows about everyone. Especially about celebrities. The women of Zvezdny talk about Nikolaev as an exemplary owner - thorough, managerial and “correct,” and they usually add “too correct.” One of his neighbors told with admiration that Andrian Grigorievich’s house was perfectly clean, not a speck of dust. And then she added in surprise: “And this despite the fact that I have never seen a woman help him with housework!”

Since the early 60s, Nikolaev regularly receives letters from women who would like to connect their lives with him. Such messages began to arrive especially often after the first notes were published in the press that she and Tereshkova were living apart. Letters are still coming. But what about - he is still handsome, fit, although he has already overcome the seventy-year mark, and besides, he is a general, twice a Hero...

- In order to get married, you need good friend find,” says Andrian Grigorievich. “Where can you find a woman friend now?!” I never found it! I understood that many were interested not in me, but in my position - I am an experienced person, I see people.

He completely denies rumors that after the divorce he started drinking alcohol: “I never drank! One newspaper wrote that pilot-cosmonaut Nikolaev was a completely drunk man. I sued her and won. Now I have to receive money for moral damage.”

AFTERWORD

On the official website of the Center for International Scientific and Cultural Cooperation under the Government of the Russian Federation, headed by Valentina Tereshkova, it is written: “We are open to interaction and cooperation.” Unfortunately, this does not apply to the personal life of the first female cosmonaut.

Nikolaev himself is silent about his marriage with Tereshkova. It seems that the former spouses entered into a non-disclosure agreement about the facts of their family life. And if this is so, then we should respect a man who did not stoop to describing “kitchen” scenes. Although, without a doubt, he would have made decent money from his memoirs.

BY THE WAY

The second “orbital pair” was now the deputy who had flown into space four times general designer RSC Energia Valery Ryumin and cosmonaut Elena Kondakova, who has been in orbit twice. For Ryumin, marriage with Kondakova is the second. He has a son and a daughter from his first marriage, and a daughter from his second. The American astronaut corps today has only one married couple– Margaret Seddon and Robert Gibson. They have been together for several years. But another couple, Ronald Sega and Bonnie Dunbar, divorced last year. They had no children. There was another space family at NASA - Judith Resnick and Richard Mullane. In 1984, the couple even flew together on the shuttle. Moreover, Judith was the second American woman to go into space. But two years later, in 1986, during the second flight, Reznik died - the shuttle exploded a few seconds after the rocket took off from the Earth.

Russia was and remains first in everything. We were the first to go into space. The first space hero was Yuri Gagarin.

However, he was not the only one awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. Besides Gagarin, into space in different time About 10 astronauts were sent. Among them was Valentina Tereshkova, the first female cosmonaut.

Valentina Tereshkova

In this article we will talk about who Valentina Tereshkova really is - what is interesting in her biography and personal life for our contemporaries.

Valentina Tereshkova was born in the Yaroslavl region on March 6, 1937. Her story began in a small village, which is difficult to see on a map of Russia (formerly the USSR). Her parents are from Belarus. None of them even thought that their daughter would become the first woman in the USSR to go into space.

Tereshkova’s mother worked at a textile factory. My father was a tractor driver. Unfortunately, the Tereshkova family managed to live happily for a short time. Valentina's father died in the Soviet-Finnish war. Naturally, this was a great loss for the family.

Valentina Tereshkova in childhood and youth

It's not just that they lost a loved one. There is one less breadwinner in the family. The mother had to work even harder to at least provide her family with everything they needed.

In 1945, Tereshkova went to school in Yaroslavl. Back then, no one knew about Valentina Tereshkova. Now this school bears her name. Students know Valentina's biography inside and out. The personal life of the Soviet star is of little interest to schoolchildren. Her cosmic feat is important to them.

Valya was a diligent student. She didn't want to upset her mother, so she got exceptionally high grades. In addition to studying, Tereshkova played the dombra. Valya had a good ear for music. It is possible that if Tereshkova had not become an astronaut, she would have connected her life with music.

After 7 years of schooling, Tereshkova went to work. She wanted to help her family financially, so she got a job at a tire factory in Yaroslavl. Despite the desire to support her family, the young girl did not give up her studies. She went to school in the evening.

Valentina Tereshkova was involved in parachuting

Just at this time Valentina was carried away parachuting. She attended the local flying club. Tereshkova was a fearless girl. Unlike her “colleagues” in the club, jumping was very easy for her.

It was parachuting that became iconic in the biography of Valentina Tereshkova. At that time, a recruitment of female paratroopers with certain parameters was announced, one of whom was supposed to fly into space.

Who else but Tereshkova could go into space?

Of course, Valentina Tereshkova was not the only contender for the title of the first Soviet female cosmonaut. Besides her there were 3 more girls. Why did you choose Tereshkova? One of the reasons is her impeccable biography and personal life. The second reason is that she really was the best prepared.

Let's remember who could go together with Tereshkova to explore the expanses of the galaxy. Among them were Valentina Ponomareva, Tatyana Kuznetsova, Irina Solovyova, Zhanna Erkina. Each of them dreamed of becoming the first.

Irina Solovyova, Tatyana Kuznetsova, Zhanna Yorkina, Valentina Ponomareva, Valentina Tereshkova and Sergey Korolev

Khrushchev had the final say. It was he who decided which of the girls would become the first astronaut. Perhaps, in addition to the reasons we listed above why we chose her, there were some others. However, nothing is known about them. Only Tereshkova knows why she went into space, and not someone else. Moreover, all the female candidates deserved it.

Valentina Tereshkov in her youth

What happened to the rest of the girls?

Two of the girls never went into space. However, this did not stop them from organizing their lives. in the best possible way. Ponomareva became an aviation colonel. She defended her dissertation and now works at the Institute of the History of Natural Science and Technology.

Valentina Tereshkova in training

Solovyova, like Ponomareva, is a candidate of sciences. She works at the cosmonaut training test center. Solovyova also took part in Antarctic and Arctic expeditions. The famous one became her native women's team"Blizzard".

After the flight, Valentina Tereshkova was nicknamed “Miss Universe” by the foreign press. From a girl unknown to anyone, she became a real star on a cosmic scale. Now the journalists wanted to know everything about her: her biography, something from the astronaut’s personal life.

For Valentina, June 16, 1963 was a decisive day. She found herself in orbit under the call sign “Chaika”. Before Tereshkova, only 10 people made space travel around the earth.

Valentina Tereshkova prepares for a flight into space

For 3 days, while Tereshkova was outside the boundaries of our planet, journalists learned more and more about her. She returned to earth as the most famous girl in the Soviet Union. She was solemnly greeted at the airport. Tereshkova walked along the red carpet and was presented with awards. She became the only female general in Russia.

The authorities in every possible way supported the myth that a man from outer space was returning as if from a resort. Naturally, being in aircraft at that time, it was difficult to talk about any comfort. However, Soviet citizens had to believe that flight was a matter of course for astronauts.

Cosmonaut Valentina Tereshkova

Interesting facts from Tereshkova's flight

How do you imagine the aircraft of that time? Nowadays, astronauts use laptops, read newspapers and have fun during the flight. In the 60s, one could only dream of at least minimal comfort.

The astronaut must spend the entire time in flight lying down. He was unable to walk or move anywhere. Agree, lying in one position for 3 days is not an easy task. Moreover, for some it is simply not feasible. Not for Tereshkova and other male cosmonauts who had already flown into space before her.

Valentina Tereshkova in space

It is known that Yuri Gagarin, returning from his first flight, could not come to his senses for several days in a row. The man forgot his name, the date and the name of the designer aircraft. Gagarin is one of those people who was always cheerful and energetic. However, after returning from space, Yuri was melancholy for several days in a row. If a man, even strong in both body and spirit, behaves like this after a flight, then what could be said about a woman, even if not as fragile as others.

Now that Valentina Tereshkova’s fame has subsided a little and only a few are still interested in her biography and personal life, she is ready to tell how the flight actually went.

Initially, they wanted to send the girl into space in a brand new lieutenant uniform. Later Tereshkova was sent to change clothes. The authorities decided that there was no need for a “militaristic note” here.

The start of the flight was surprisingly successful. But only Tereshkova and the launch managers knew what happened next. It turns out that in automatic program the aircraft was inaccurate.

Valentina Tereshkova and Yuri Gagarin

It cannot be called insignificant. The mistake was so serious that the girl simply could not return to earth. The flying ship was oriented so that instead of descending, it raised its orbit. It turns out that Tereshkova was not approaching the Earth, but moving away from it.

Naturally, Tereshkova immediately reported this problem to the Queen. The day after the flight the system was corrected. Gradually the ship adjusted to the correct course.

No one knew about this error for several decades. Valentina Tereshkova decided to talk about this only when such information began to leak into the press without her knowledge.

Personal life of Tereshkova

Some time ago, information was circulating on the Internet that Valentina Vladimirovna Tereshkova was unhappy in her personal life. As if her biography was changed by Khrushchev, who married her to Valya’s first husband, Andriyan Nikolaev. In fact, this is all fiction.

Valentina Tereshkova with her first husband Andriyan Nikolaev

Tereshkova’s first husband began courting her even before the flight. Andriyan was 10 years older than Valentina. It is possible that this is one of the reasons why they broke up. The lovers got married 5 months after Tereshkova’s flight.

Some of Valentina's acquaintances believed that their marriage would really only be good for politics or science. After all, the lovers were completely different. Valentina is fire. Andriyan - water. Both Tereshkova and Nikolaev were strong-willed people. Giving in to another is an incomprehensible task for them. Many people noticed this.

The marriage of Tereshkova and Nikolaev lasted 19 years. A year after the wedding, their daughter was born.

Valentina was constantly traveling around the country. Her husband at this time was preparing for a new flight (Nikolaev was also an astronaut).

Tereshkova has repeatedly admitted to her circle of loved ones that her first husband is a real despot. It is possible that last years life together they were together only for the sake of their daughter. The couple separated when she turned 18.

Valentina Tereshkova with her husband and daughter

Tereshkova and Nikolaev stopped appearing together in 1979. At that time, getting a divorce meant ending your astronaut career. This is especially true for Nikolaev. Moreover, some astronauts were actually suspended from work due to divorces. This could also have a detrimental effect on Valentina. At that time she was the chairman of the Soviet Women's Committee.

According to some reports, Brezhnev played one of the main roles in the biography of Valentina Tereshkova. It was he who resolved the divorce issue. It was lucky that Valya had only one daughter among her children. Plus, at the time of the divorce, she was already an adult.

Tereshkova's second husband

The second marriage for Tereshkova was happier. They met in 1978. Tereshkova hoped to fly into space again. To do this, she underwent a medical examination. Her second husband, Yuli Shaposhnikov, was one of the members of the medical commission who pronounced a verdict on the astronauts.

Valentina Tereshkova and Yuliy Shaposhnikov

Relatives and friends of Tereshkova say that it was immediately clear from Valentina and Yuli that they were in love with each other. The couple had no children. But this did not stop them from being happy. Look at the photo. Here Valentina is shown with her second husband.

Valentina Tereshkova: photo

Tereshkova lived with her second husband for 20 years. It is possible that they would still be together to this day. However, in 1999, Julius died.

What is Tereshkova doing now?

Having learned about the biography of Valentina Tereshkova, her personal life and children, readers will be interested to know what the former cosmonaut is doing now.

Valentina Tereshkova now

This year Valentina celebrated her 80th birthday. Currently she is a deputy of the State Duma. Tereshkova tries to do everything and even a little more for her home region - the Yaroslavl region.