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Syntactic analysis of verb examples. The order of parsing a simple sentence

Tasks related to syntactic analysis of text cause difficulties for schoolchildren and students of the philology department. A competently carried out syntactic analysis of a sentence requires quite extensive knowledge in the field of the Russian language. But, having basic concepts, you can successfully cope with the tasks.

What is sentence parsing

Parsing is the analysis of a sentence according to the following criteria:

Type according to the purpose of the statement.
Kind of emotional coloring.
The number of stems (hereinafter simple and complex sentences are parsed according to a certain order).
Characteristics of the members of the sentence.
Constructions that complicate the sentence (if any).
Punctuation analysis.
Scheme (if required).

Sentence parsing free online

Finding a program that can correctly perform parsing in full, taking into account all the nuances, is quite difficult. But still there are several services on the network that will help solve the problem.

The Seosin.ru resource is the most popular available. When you enter a sentence in the appropriate window, you can get a syntactic analysis of the text.

If semantic analysis is required for analysis, it is best to use the program of the well-known exchange “Advego”.

Get online solution It is also possible from specialists - philologists and linguists. To do this, you need to go to the appropriate forum (http://gramota.ru/, https://lingvoforum.net/, http://lingvo.zone/). Professionals will definitely help with analysis and give a comprehensive answer to the most difficult question.

Do the parsing yourself

You can comprehend all the intricacies of analysis if you carefully read the information below and practice a little.

I. Purpose of the utterance

Depending on the purpose, proposals are divided into:

narrative(they convey information, report something, affirm or deny. At the end of such sentences there is a period or an exclamation mark);
interrogative(contain a question, at the end there is (required!) a question mark);
incentive(contain an incentive, appeal, request, demand). Characteristic are incentive intonation, the use of imperative verbs, particles let, let, come on.

II. Emotional coloring

The indicator is the presence exclamation point. There he is - a proposal exclamation point, No - non-exclamatory. Any of the sentences according to the purpose of the statement can become exclamatory.

III. Number of grammar points

Based on the availability of basics, proposals are simple and complex. Simple ones include those in which there is 1 grammatical stem.

Accordingly, a complex sentence must have 2 or more stems.

III. 1. The procedure for parsing a simple sentence

The type of proposal based on the presence of main members should be indicated.

The main members include subjects and predicates.

Subject answers the questions who and what? Can be expressed by almost any part of speech.

Predicate answers the questions what does it do, what is this object, who is it, what is it like, what state is it in? It can also be expressed by different parts of speech.

Minor members include addition(answers questions about indirect cases), definition(which? whose?) and circumstance(where? when? where? how much? etc.)

III. 1.1 Common and non-common offers

If a sentence contains only main members, it uncirculated. If the sentence has at least one minor member - common.

III. 1.2. One-piece or two-piece

If a sentence has a subject and a predicate, the sentence is two-part. If only one main member – one-piece.

III. 2. Analysis of a complex sentence.

After determining the type of simple or complex sentence, you need to parse minor members, find complicating structures and explain the placement of punctuation marks.

Parsing examples

Syntactical analysis of the sentence: The sun was already quite high in the clear sky.

1 base - simple,
The basis is the sun (subject) stood (predicate). Secondary members of the sentence: stood (where?) in the sky (adverbial). In the sky (what?) pure (definition). It was (how?) already quite high (circumstance).

Syntactic analysis of the sentence: The rain fell along the garden path.

Narrative, non-exclamatory,
1 base - simple,
there are both main terms - two-part,
there are minor ones - common.
The bottom line is that the rain has passed.
Secondary members: walked (where or how?) along the path (circumstance). Garden path (what?) (definition).
There are no complicating structures or punctuation marks.

Syntactical analysis of the sentence: Blueness appeared between the thinning tops.

Narrative, non-exclamatory,
1 base - simple,
there are both main terms - two-part,
there are minor ones - common.
The base appeared blue.
Secondary members: appeared (where?) between the tops (circumstance), (which ones?) blue (definition).
There are no complicating structures or punctuation marks.

Syntactic analysis of the sentence: Old handwritten books were worth their weight in gold.

Narrative, non-exclamatory,
1 base - simple,
there are both main terms - two-part,
there are minor ones - common.
The basis is that books were valued.
Secondary members: were valued (how?) as worth their weight in gold (circumstance). Books (what?) old handwritten (definition).
There are no complicating structures or punctuation marks.

Syntactic analysis of the sentence: The summer was dry, there was almost no rain.

Narrative, non-exclamatory,
2 basics (the summer was dry and there was no rain), so we analyze a complex sentence,
Part 1 – undistributed,
Part 2 – common. The secondary member is a circumstance (how?) almost.
Non-Union.
The parts are separated by a comma.

Syntax is the most complex section of the modern Russian language. At school, syntactic analysis of a sentence almost always causes serious difficulties, since when analyzing it is necessary to use previously acquired knowledge in a comprehensive manner: be able to distinguish parts of speech, refer to information from the vocabulary, be well versed in the semantic load and functions of different members of a sentence, correctly indicate simple sentences in the composition complex and determine their role.

At school and university there are different requirements for the syntactic parsing of sentences. Schoolchildren usually identify parts of speech and comment on each word during analysis. The requirement is due to the fact that for correct parsing it is necessary to know morphology well; the concepts of syntax and morphology should not be confused (there is a common mistake when parts of speech and parts of a sentence are mixed). At philological faculties of various higher education institutions educational institutions scheme parsing are individual: it depends on what educational complex is being taught, what are available methodological developments at the department. When preparing for admission, an applicant will need to find out the requirements of a particular university, otherwise the analysis may be considered incorrect.

To correctly parse a sentence, you need to master a large amount of theory, be able to use terms accurately, and gain practical skills. Practice plays a particularly important role, so it is advisable to regularly practice analyzing sentences different levels difficulties.

There are strict requirements for parsing: it can only be done according to a clear scheme, without deviating from a given algorithm. Often you also need to draw a graphic diagram of a sentence, reflecting in it the levels of division and the dependence of simple sentences on each other. Also, the members of the sentence are graphically highlighted different signs directly in the text (several types of subscripts).

General scheme for parsing a sentence
Exists general scheme, which is used to parse the sentence. It varies depending on the specific requirements, but the basic basis remains the same.

The purpose of the statement is indicated: narrative, incentive, interrogative sentence.
At this stage, you should write what kind of intonation the sentence is: exclamatory or non-exclamatory.
The type of sentence is determined: simple or complex, consisting of several simple ones.
U complex sentences you need to indicate the type of structure: simple (of the same type), complex ( different types connections between simple sentences within a complex sentence).
The type of connection between sentences is indicated: union, non-union.
Conjunctive sentences have two types: complex and complex.
For a complex sentence, the type of subordinate clause is determined: attributive, explanatory, adverbial, adjunctive;
It is necessary to indicate the type of adverbial subordinate clause:
- mode of action;
- places;
- time;
- conditions;
- measures and degrees;
- comparisons;
- concessions;
- consequences;
- goals;
- causes.
If the sentence is complex, a description of the connection between the parts within the complex is performed. The parts are numbered, all types of connections are indicated (non-union and allied, subordinating and coordinating), and if necessary, division into levels is made.
Then move on to the characteristics of each simple sentence, indicating its number.
The analysis of a simple sentence continues to indicate the presence of main members: one-part or two-part.
U one-part sentence determine its type: nominative, generalized-personal, impersonal, definite-personal or indefinite-personal.
At this stage you need to write the type of predicate: PGS (simple verbal predicate), CGS (compound verbal predicate) or SIS (compound nominal predicate).
Now you should determine the presence of minor members: widespread (there are minor members), non-widespread (there are no minor members).
At this point of analysis, they indicate whether the sentence is complicated, and what exactly it is complicated by.
At the end of the analysis, it is necessary to determine the type of sentence in terms of completeness: complete or incomplete. Sentences in which major or minor members are omitted are called incomplete, but they can be easily restored from the context.

You will also need to graphically indicate the members and boundaries of sentences in the text, draw diagrams, indicating sentence numbers, conjunctions, and asking questions to subordinate clauses from the main ones.

Ways of expressing sentence members
Knowing how to express the members of a sentence will help you parse the sentence correctly, without confusing its parts. Often, schoolchildren have difficulty identifying even the main members of a sentence, since there are a number of difficulties, and generally accepted stereotypes prevent them from correctly finding the basis and accurately analyzing the minor members.

It must be remembered that different parts of speech have almost unlimited possibilities and can be almost any part of a sentence, with rare exceptions. Often, schoolchildren get used to the fact that the subject is a noun, and the predicate is a verb. Without seeing the appropriate parts of speech in a sentence, they find themselves in a difficult situation and do not know how to parse it according to its composition. In fact, analysis cannot be confined to such a framework.

Subject answers questions in the nominative case and expresses in different parts speech: nouns, pronouns, numerals. The subject can also be expressed:

adjective (red is my favorite color);
a participle that turned into a noun (the people around fell silent);
union (and – connecting union);
indefinite form of the verb (for example, indefinite form of the verb with a noun in the accusative case: having a doctor in the house is a serious advantage).

Predicate answers the questions: what does the object do? what happens to the item? what is the subject? what is he?

To distinguish different types predicates, it is important to remember the lexical and grammatical meaning of words. The lexical meaning reflects the meaning of the word, and the grammatical meaning contains grammatical categories(for example, mood, tense, number and gender of the verb). Types of predicates:

PGS: the predicate is expressed by the personal form of the verb, in which the GZ and LZ coincide. Sometimes PGS is expressed by a phraseological unit containing a conjugated verb form.
GHS: must consist of at least two words. Each word has its own meaning: the infinitive of the verb ( lexical meaning) and modal or phase copula ( grammatical meaning). The phase connective indicates the phase of the action, and the modal connective reflects the attitude towards the action. The link can be expressed in words reflecting the assessment of the action, desirability, necessity, or short adjectives.
SIS: must consist of at least two words. The nominal part (LP) and the formal or semi-nominal copula (GZ). A more common formal connective is the verb to be. The role of the nominal part is played by all nominal parts of speech, adverbs, and phrases. Semi-nominal connectives include the verbs do, become, appear, seem, and others; verbs of state, movement.

Definitions answer what questions? whose? They are divided into coordinated and non-coordinated.

The agreed definition is easy to recognize, it is expressed by an adjective pronoun, adjective, participle, ordinal number. The main thing is not to confuse it with the nominal part of the SIS.
An inconsistent definition is usually expressed by nouns in indirect cases, but sometimes it becomes adverbs, phrases, infinitives, adjectives comparative degrees. There are also inconsistent application definitions.

Addition answers questions about indirect cases. More often expressed as a noun.

Circumstance answers to general question How? Expressed by adverbs and nouns. Circumstances are divided into categories:

circumstance of time;
places;
mode of action;
causes;
comparisons;
concessions;
conditions;
goals;
measures and degrees.

It is necessary to take into account the nuances of expressing the members of a sentence in different parts of speech in order to correctly parse the sentence.

Types of subordinate clauses
When analyzing a complex sentence, it is important to correctly determine the type of subordinate clause. It can be adverbial, explanatory and definitive.

Subordinate clauses explanatory sentences answer questions about indirect cases. Unions and allied words act as means of communication.
Subordinate clauses qualifying sentences refer to a noun, are joined with the help of allied words, sometimes conjunctions, answer questions whose? Which?
Subordinate adverbial clauses differ depending on the category:
- PO places answer questions where? where? Where? joined with the help of allied words;
- How long will it take to answer questions? how long? When? for how long? Joining with the help of conjunctions is common: only when, while, as soon as, etc.;
- By measures and degrees answer the questions to what extent? how much?, refer to a word expressing a concept that can have a degree of manifestation;
- Mode of action software answers the question how?, in main part you can insert words like this, like this;
- PO conditions answer the question under what condition?, connecting conjunctions - when, if, how soon;
- By reasons reveal the question why?, conjunctions due to the fact that, since, because, due to the fact that;
- By purpose: questions for what purpose? For what? etc. Unions just so that, in order to;
- By consequence: the consequence follows from the first part, the union so that;
- Software concessions: questions in spite of what? no matter what? Unions may be for nothing, despite the fact that;
- Comparative software: questions like what? like what? Unions as if, as if, exactly like;
Subordinate clauses do not answer questions, do not express semantic relations of the circumstance, but give Additional information to the main part. Means of communication: allied words (relative pronouns what, where, where, when, how, why, why, why).

In polynomial sentences, the type of subordination must be indicated. It can be sequential: the first subordinate clause is subordinate to the main one, the second subordinate clause is subordinate to the first, etc. With parallel subordination, subordinate clauses depend on the main clause, but answer different questions. When the subordination is homogeneous, the subordinate clauses depend on one main word and answer one question.
Universities mainly deal with polynomial sentences, therefore, they highlight the levels of division, the connections between them, indicate all the blocks and the features of their relationships with each other, and draw complex diagrams. At school they usually limit themselves to sentences consisting of two to four simple ones.

Analysis of a sentence by composition is called syntactic. It is one of the first to be studied in school. At first, the process can be difficult, however, after two analyzes many people quickly find all the components. Knowledge of parts of speech, rules about the basis and secondary members of a sentence, and an understanding of the connection of words in a phrase will help in analysis. This is completed by the end of primary school, so 5th grade students complete the analysis without difficulty.

By adhering to a certain sequence, you can quickly make an analysis. To do this, you will need to pay attention to the following steps:

Determine what type of phrase it is: narrative, interrogative or incentive.
Exclamatory and non-exclamatory sentences are distinguished by their emotional color.
Then they move on to the grammatical basis. You need to find it, indicate the method of expression, indicate whether the sentence is simple or complex.
Determine the one-part and two-part nature of what is written.
Find additional members of the sentence. They will show whether it is common or not.
By using certain types lines to highlight each minor member of the sentence. At the same time, above the word it is indicated which member of the sentence it is.
Indicate whether there are missing members of the sentence in the proposed phrase, which will allow you to determine whether the statement is complete or incomplete.
Are there any complications?
Describe what you wrote.
Make a diagram.

In order to correctly and quickly parse, you need to know what the base and minor members are.

The basis

Every stem has a subject and a predicate. When parsing, the first word is underlined with one line, the second - with two. For example, " Night has come" Here the grammatical basis is the complete phrase. The subject word is “night”. The subject cannot be in any case other than the nominative.

Next door is the predicate “came”, which describes the action performed with the subject. (Dawn has come. Autumn has come.) Depending on whether the sentence is simple or complex, one or two bases are distinguished. In the statement " Yellow leaves fall from the trees" one grammatical basis. And here are two basics: “The moon hid - morning came.”

Before parsing phrases, you need to find additional members of the sentence:

Most often the object is a noun or pronoun. Prepositions can be added to the second member of the sentence. It answers all case questions. This does not include the nominative case, since only the subject can have it. Look (where?) at the sky. Let's discuss (what?) the question. IN semantic meaning they are on the same level as the noun.
The definition performs a descriptive function, answering the question “Which one?” Whose?". It is often difficult to identify a member of a sentence due to the fact that it comes in two types. Concordant, when two words are in the same person, gender, number and case. Inconsistent acts as a phrase with control and adjacency. For example: "Hanging on the wall bookshelf. There is a shelf for books hanging on the wall.". In both cases, you can ask the question: which one? However, the difference is the consistency and inconsistency of the definition.
The circumstance describes the manner of action, the time. It is considered the most extensive member of the sentence. We met (where?) in a store. (When?) Yesterday we went to the cinema. I (how?) can do the exercise easily. This leads to the fact that adverbial is often confused with an addition. Here it is important to correctly pose the question from the main word to the dependent one.

Relationships when writing

It is important to say that all minor members are necessarily associated with one of the main words. The definition is part of the subject, so questions are asked specifically from this member of the sentence. But the addition and circumstance are connected with the predicate.

During parsing, the letter should indicate the minor members. If the subject and predicate are underlined with one and two lines, respectively, then the complement is highlighted with a dotted line, the definition with a wavy line, and the circumstance with a dot and a dash. When parsing, it is imperative to indicate in a graphical form what each word is.

Practical lesson

Consider a simple sentence:

In winter, tourists go to ski resort.

Start with the basics. Here it is represented by the phrase “tourists are leaving.” That is, the subject is tourists, the predicate is going. This is the only basis, which means that what is written is a simple statement. Since there are additional members, it is common.

Now you can start looking for add-ons. It was not used here when writing. It is followed by the definition: to (what?) ski resort. And you can highlight the circumstances. They go (where?) to the resort, they go (when?) in winter.

This is what the sentence looks like when parsed by composition: In winter (obv.) tourists (mean) go (fable) to a ski (def.) resort (add.).

Example of a complex sentence:

The sun set behind a cloud, and light rain began to fall from the sky.

First we look for the basis. The sentence talks about sun and rain. This means that there are two bases in the sentence: the sun went down and it started to rain. Now we need to find additional members of the sentence in each base. It has gone (where?) behind the cloud; went (what?) little one, went (from where?) from the sky.

This is how you need to parse common sentences by composition:

The boy sat on the roof of the house and looked at the starry sky, attracting his gaze.

(Declarative, non-exclamatory, simple, two-part, common, complete, complicated by homogeneous predicates and separate definition, expressed by participial phrase).

Here the basis is that the boy sat and watched, so there are two predicates. Finding the minor members of the sentence. I was sitting (where?) on the roof of (what?) the house. I looked (where?) at the sky, (what?) starry. The sky (what?), attracting the eye.

That is, after finding all the components of the statement, it will look like this:

The boy (mean) sat (fable) on the roof (obv.) of the house (add.) and looked (fairy) at the starry (def.) sky (obv.), attracting the eye (def.).

Parsing a sentence is not difficult. The main thing is to follow the steps, starting with finding the main members of the sentence. They are the basis. Then they move on to the minor ones. At the end of the analysis, each of them is emphasized a certain line.

Video

From the video you will learn how to correctly parse a sentence.

Didn't get an answer to your question? Suggest a topic to the authors.

Today we continue to study a complex sentence, in this lesson we will learn how to parse it.

1. Determine the type of sentence according to the purpose of the statement ( narrative, interrogative, incentive).

2. Determine the type of sentence by intonation ( exclamation, non-exclamation).

3. Identify simple sentences within complex ones and determine their bases.

4. Determine the means of communication of simple sentences in a complex one ( allied, non-union).

5. Highlight the minor members in each part of a complex sentence, indicate whether it is common or uncommon.

6. Note the presence of homogeneous members or appeals.

Proposition 1 (Fig. 1).

Rice. 1. Sentence 1

The sentence is narrative, non-exclamatory, complex (has two grammatical stems), conjunctive (connected by the conjunction And), both the first and second parts are not widespread (Fig. 2).

Rice. 2. Analysis of sentence 1

Proposition 2 (Fig. 3).

Rice. 3. Proposition 2

The sentence is narrative, non-exclamatory, complex, non-conjunctive. The first part is common (there is a definition), the second is not common (Fig. 4).

Rice. 4. Analysis of sentence 2

Parse the sentence (Fig. 5).

Rice. 5. Offer

The sentence is narrative, non-exclamatory, complex, conjunction. The first part is common, complicated by homogeneous predicates. The second part is common.

Rice. 6. Analysis of the proposal

Bibliography

1. Russian language. 5th grade. In 3 parts Lvova S.I., Lvov V.V. 9th ed., revised. - M.: 2012 Part 1 - 182 p., Part 2 - 167 p., Part 3 - 63 p.

2. Russian language. 5th grade. Textbook in 2 parts. Ladyzhenskaya T.A., Baranov M.T., Trostentsova L.A. and others - M.: Education, 2012. - Part 1 - 192 pp.; Part 2 - 176 p.

3. Russian language. 5th grade. Textbook / Ed. Razumovskoy M.M., Lekanta P.A. - M.: 2012 - 318 p.

4. Russian language. 5th grade. Textbook in 2 parts Rybchenkova L.M. and others - M.: Education, 2014. - Part 1 - 127 p., Part 2 - 160 p.

1. Website of the festival of pedagogical ideas “Open Lesson” ()

Homework

1. What is the procedure for parsing a complex sentence?

2. What are complex sentences for the means of communication between parts?

3. Underline the grammatical basics in the sentence:

The hasty dawn was approaching, the heights of heaven brightened.

How to parse correctly

Analysis of the proposal and drawing up a diagram are included in basic complex knowledge school curriculum. Therefore, such tasks are given to students already in primary school, where they learn to parse simple text structures.

In grades 5–8 and 9–11, the task becomes more complicated: new terms and additional characteristics. A full set of signs is given already in the 7th–8th grades. To correctly draw up a diagram, you need to understand the essence of the analysis and remember a few rules.

What is sentence parsing

The answer lies in the term itself. Syntax is a system of rules for connecting different units together. Accordingly, the purpose of syntactic analysis of a text structure is to show the connections between its components.

note

For parsing, the text or the required part of it is written out in a notebook, one line at a time, so that there is room for underlining and markings above the words.

How to parse a sentence correctly? A plan illustrated with examples will help answer this question.

Analysis algorithm and characteristics

There is a clear order of parsing. If you stick to it, there will be no problems.

A simple sentence is a unit of a syntax system that has only one predicative part. This means that only one grammatical basis (two-part) or only one main member (one-part) can be identified in it. The order of its parsing is as follows:

1. In a two-part sentence, find and emphasize the subject (what is being said) and the predicate (what is being said); in a one-component – the main member:

2. Determine the type by the content of the speaker’s task, or by the purpose of the utterance:

Narrative: The dug-up road sleeps. (S. Yesenin)
Interrogative: What should we do in the village? (A. Pushkin)
Incentive: Let's go to Tsarskoe Selo! (O. Mandelstam)

3. Syntactic parsing of a sentence is not complete without several characteristics:

3.1. By composition:

Two-part – both subject and predicate are present:

Monocomponent differs in that the subject (what is said) and the predicate (what is said) are expressed by one member. It is not called “subject” or “predicate”, as in two-part, because its meaning is not reducible to either of these components. To designate this unit, the term “main member of a one-component sentence” (PCHOP) is used.

You also need to specify the type of one-part:

Definitely personal - GCOP is expressed by a verb of the 1st and 2nd person singular. h. Closest to two-part: the unnamed subject of the action is restored by the listener according to the form of the verb.
Examples:
I love the sandy slope (A. Pushkin)
What are you doing sweetie? (A. Ostrovsky)
Please leave them, leave quickly. (Yu. Dombrovsky)
Indefinite-personal – GCOP is expressed by a 3rd person plural verb. h. When parsing a sentence syntactically, it is important to understand the connection between form and meaning: here such a verb is used because the subject of the action is not so important or expressed collectively.
Examples:
“We don’t carry machine guns! We have no weapons!” - they shout from the trucks. (V. Makanin).
Brick and concrete wall surfaces are finished with plaster (Landscape Design. 2003. No2)
Generalized-personal – GCHOP is expressed by a verb of the 2nd person singular. h. (less often - in the form of the 1st person singular and plural). Meaning – generalization of personal or collective experience.
Examples:
You do something for him, you fight like a fly in a web... (A. Volkov)
You won’t recognize a friend without trouble (last)
They don’t go to someone else’s monastery with their own rules (last)
Impersonal - expresses the manifestation of processes or states that occur or exist independently of the active figure. The independence of action from the subject, the inability to change the course of events, is a key feature of this type. During the syntactic parsing of sentences, impersonal units are those units whose PHOP is expressed by a state category, an adverb or an infinitive.
Examples:
I felt scared - so be it...
We can't do magic with Tatyana. (A. Pushkin)
Since the evening he had been uneasy, either shivering or aching. (A. Solzhenitsyn)
Nominative (nominative) – denotes an object in space, indicates, gives an assessment. Most often, GCHOP is expressed by a noun, which is in the nominative case.
Examples:
Warm gusts of wind,
Distant thunder and rain sometimes... (F. Tyutchev)

3.2. By prevalence

unextended - there are only main members: We were leaving. (R. Rozhdestvensky)
common - there are both major and minor: The golden grove dissuaded me // With birch, cheerful language. (S. Yesenin)

3.3. By completeness

complete – self-sufficient in meaning: I love thunderstorms in early May (F. Tyutchev)
incomplete – the meaning is not clear without context: Do you love chess? - Not good. (S. Dovlatov). It is impossible to understand the meaning of the answer outside the context of the question.

4. The next stage of syntactic parsing of a sentence is identifying cases of complication:

Homogeneous members:

I wandered in a toy thicket // And discovered an azure grotto... (O. Mandelstam)– complication with homogeneous predicates.

Separate members:

Participial phrase: The Krasovs' great-grandfather, nicknamed the Gypsy by the courtyard, was hunted down by the master Durnovo with greyhounds. (I. Bunin)
Participial phrase: ...looking at him, how can one not remember the horse? (A. Golyandin)
Standalone application: I called another friend of mine, a very large farmer from Argentina... (A. Tarasov)
Contact: Aunt Vasya, they left me with a task to redo, and Tanya was waiting for me... (L. Ulitskaya)
Introductory structures:
You yourself said that you are my friend. (A. Vampilov)
But it happens that in the morning you shave, wash, get dressed - look in the mirror - you will be satisfied... (E. Grishkovets)
Plug-in designs:
Really - even if you don't want to - couldn't you do this for me?

5. Select the members of the sentence - that is, establish syntactic function components and underline accordingly. This is the largest section in terms of volume. At this stage you need to be especially careful, because one awkward mistake at the beginning can lead to incorrect syntactic construction and evaluation of a simple construction.

Beginners should do their analysis based on this article or textbook. You can select the material for analysis yourself or take home exercises. Experienced students can peek into theory only where necessary. To consolidate the skill, you need to do several analyzes yourself and then check them. For verification, it is better to contact the teacher, and if this is not possible, do a syntactic analysis of the sentence composition online.

After the grammatical basis, you need to find the members of the sentence of the subject group (that is, those to which the question is asked from the subject) and the predicate group. Each member is emphasized in its own way:

The type of member and the part of speech by which it is expressed are written above the words. Example: with bitterness - a circumstance of a course of action, expressed by a noun. with a preposition in creativity. case.

Parsing a complex sentence will not be difficult to master after studying the previous material. The plan is:

Select all the grammatical bases, count them and determine how many simple parts make up a complex one. There are as many parts as there are basics.
Dad got on the horse and we rode off. (L. Tolstoy). There are two simple ones in this complex unit.
Find conjunctions and allied words.
I’m sorry that it’s winter now (O. Mandelstam)– subordinating conjunction “what”.
When Cherubina exposed herself, Makovsky came to visit her (M. Voloshin)– subordinating conjunction “when”.
Sleepless nights and half-asleep days flew by, but there was no help from anywhere. (N. Pomyalovsky)– adversative conjunction “but”.
Unlike conjunctions, allied words will always be full members of the sentence; logical stress may fall on them.
Russia is converging with the West, which until then was completely alien to it. (A. Khomyakov)
If you have difficulties in the analysis, you can contact a search engine and analyze the proposal on the Internet for free. But if you have the opportunity to talk to the teacher, it is better to solve the problem this way. There are many difficult places in Russian syntax, which can only be understood in conversation with a teacher.
Indicate the meaning of conjunctions and, accordingly, indicate the nature of the connection between the parts. They come in three types:
Essays consist of two or more equal components: She gave him her hand, and both went along the road to her estate. (I. Turgenev)
In subordinate clauses, the main and dependent parts are distinguished, and a question is asked from the first to the second and the type of dependent (subordinate) component is determined from it: An hour and a half later I wake up because the sun begins to burn my cheek (M. Voloshin). We ask the question: why do I wake up, for what reason? The type of dependent part is a clause of cause.
The essence of the non-union is clear from the term itself. Such units lack any lexical means of communication: Koltsov is not only a national poet: no, he stands higher. (V. Belinsky)
This stage of syntactic parsing of a complex sentence is relevant only for complex constructions. Its content is to determine the meaning of subordinate clauses.
I barely had time to put on my cloak when it began to snow (M. Lermontov) - subordinate tense.
Now a neighbor came running to her wife and said that the old people had gathered at the mosque and wanted to stop you (L. Tolstoy) - explanatory clause.
The name Morgach also suited him, although he did not blink his eyes more than other people (I. Turgenev) - a subordinate clause.
The prince did not hear anything further, because the valet began to whisper. (F. Dostoevsky) – subordinate reason.
Analysis of each simple component within a complex one.

What is a proposal scheme

The final chord of the analysis is a diagram drawing. It is a graphical representation of basic information: the number of parts, their relationships, means of communication and types of dependent parts.

A drawing is an abstraction of syntactic relations, delimited from specific lexical content. A correctly compiled drawing shows a high understanding of the “Syntax and Punctuation” section and competent mastery of syntactic parsing of a sentence.

Unit boundaries are indicated by square brackets; A period is placed after the closing parenthesis. Homogeneous terms in the diagram are circled, and participial turnover is placed in parentheses.

In a complex scheme, accordingly, two or more parts are distinguished. In the text itself, they are separated by brackets to transfer this mapping into the diagram, and are numbered in order. Only the base is transferred to the diagram. Since you will have to draw a lot, to make the drawing even, use a stencil and a sharpened pencil.

In non-union and complex compounds, only square brackets are used to show the equality of the parts:

For the syntactic analysis of sentences with a main and dependent (dependent) parts, that is, complex constructions, there are two types of schemes - horizontal and vertical:

Syntactic analysis of simple and complex sentences on the Internet

Obviously, such an analysis takes a lot of time and effort and requires certain knowledge and skills. Therefore, many students prefer to do analysis syntactic construction by composition online. This good remedy for self-examination, but only if the quality of service deserves respect.

You can do an analysis on the Glavred website (glvrd.ru). The syntax analysis here does not correspond to the school one, but it will tell you the names of the parts of speech and identify some members of the sentence. For use:

Paste text into the window on the main page.
Select the “Syntax” tab at the top left of the window.
Point at the highlighted word and get information in the white field to the right of the window.

Another resource is School Assistant (school-assistant.ru). Its advantage is brevity in the presentation of the material. The path to analysis information is as follows:

In the left menu, click “Russian”.
Select the desired class (5, 6, 7).
Select the section you are interested in.

A brief theoretical reference and tasks will appear on the page, which will be completed after completion. automatic check. To save results, you need to register in your personal account.

Create a diagram online

Comparing results from different sites with your own analysis will help you check the work of electronic intelligence and choose the best one among them. It is better to contact an online assistant after analyzing and completing the drawing yourself, so that third-party information does not interfere with your training.

You can also understand the structure through linguist forums, where experienced specialists will help resolve controversial issues. It is also better to contact them after some part of the task has already been completed, so that there is a subject for discussion.

Tables and diagrams will also provide great support, in large quantities posted on the Internet. All of these resources and materials will help you create a syntactic analysis (diagram) of a sentence and analyze it according to its composition online for free. The key to success is understanding the theory and regular practice.

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