New generation weapons in the arsenal of units of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs. A promising pistol for the army and police Revolvers in service with the police

The Russian police are adopting new more powerful pistols designer Yarygin 6P35 "Rook" and submachine guns PP-2000 "Vityaz". The Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation claims that rearmament is a logical continuation of the reforms of last year (renaming the police into police). According to a representative of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the police will be armed with pistols and submachine guns, adapted specifically for shooting in urban conditions. The Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation believes that there is only one inconvenience in this rearmament - the need to train people in the use of this particular, fundamentally new weapon. The ability to shoot a Makarov pistol and a Kalashnikov assault rifle will not help here. Namely, these models of weapons have been in service with the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Ministry of Defense for decades. This was convenient: commanders could be sure that a young policeman who had served in the army would be able to shoot from a Kalashnikov assault rifle or a Makarov pistol. After rearmament, it will be necessary to spend weeks and months retraining the Ministry of Internal Affairs employees. Submachine guns "Vityaz" and pistols "Grach" - completely new powerful weapon, moreover, the Makarov pistol has only eight cartridges in its magazine, while the “Rook” pistol has seventeen, which is also a significant advantage.

The process of rearmament in the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation will be divided into stages. At the first stage, the rearmament of police special forces special forces began (the first pistols of the new Grach design were received by the Moscow special forces). Police Major General Vyacheslav Khaustov, head of the Special Forces Center of the Main Directorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation for Moscow, promised that the center’s employees special purpose will switch to using the new, more convenient Yarygin "Grach" pistol, in as soon as possible.

In the near future, it is also planned to replace the outdated army Kalashnikov assault rifle with a more modern and more powerful weapon. According to the plan, the special forces of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and traffic police will receive the PP-2000 "Vityaz" - a fundamentally new, powerful automatic weapon with a caliber of 9 mm (the Kalashnikov assault rifle has a caliber of 5.45 mm). The PP-2000 "Vityaz" has a number of other advantages over the Kalashnikov assault rifle - the PP-2000 "Vityaz" has: greater accuracy of fire, increased penetration, greater lethal effect(the wound from a 9mm bullet is much more serious than from a 5.45 mm bullet), the magazine capacity of the PP-2000 "Vityaz" is 44 rounds instead of 30 for the Kalashnikov assault rifle, the rate of fire of the PP-2000 "Vityaz" is higher than that of the AKSu-74.

It is for these reasons, the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation claims, that the Grach pistol and the PP-2000 Vityaz submachine gun are more suitable for them than the Makarov pistol and Kalashnikov assault rifle.

Reference:

9mm pistol MP443 "Rook"

Pistol "Rook"

Pistol "Rook" disassembled

At the Izhevsk Mechanical Plant, the development of the Grach pistol was carried out by a design group led by leading engineer Vladimir Yarygin, who was known as a designer of sports pistols. The standard small-caliber pistol IZH-35 (since 1986 - IZH-35M), developed with his direct participation, has been mass-produced at the Izhevsk Mechanical Plant since 1978. With a pistol of this model, the leading shooters of the Soviet Union/Russia national team won a number of top titles at world, European and Olympic Games.

During the development of the design, the main attention was paid to achieving high reliability characteristics. And therefore, most of the incorporated design solutions are traditional. The automation operates on the principle of recoil of the barrel with a short stroke, locking by warping the barrel due to a cam groove located in the lower part of the barrel, located on the protrusion of the barrel, interacting with the shutter stop axis. The barrel is locked by inserting a protrusion on the breech of the barrel into the extraction window. The pistol frame is steel. The trigger mechanism is of the hammer type, with a compression spring and self-cocking. The double-sided safety lever is located on the frame. When turned on, the hammer mechanism can be blocked in both the cocked and deflated state. In the “safety” position, the sear, trigger, hammer and bolt are blocked. The ability to lock the striking mechanism in the cocked state allows you to fire the first shot after turning off the safety with a low trigger force, which increases the probability of a hit on the first shot. The ejector, which protrudes noticeably above the surface of the bolt when a cartridge is chambered, simultaneously serves as an indicator of the presence of a cartridge.

The cartridges are fed from a double-row magazine with 17 rounds of ammunition, secured with a latch located on the left side of the frame, under thumb right hand. If necessary, it can be remounted on the right side of the frame.

The 6P35 pistol has a barrel length of 114.5 mm, dimensions 190x140x38 mm, unloaded weight 1.00 kg.

Disassembling the gun for cleaning and lubrication field conditions is carried out without a special tool: for this it is necessary to sequentially separate: the magazine, stop the shutter, and move forward - from the frame the shutter with the barrel and the return mechanism.

How did it become traditional for Russian small arms, choosing a pistol for rearmament Russian army was held on a competitive basis. The Izhevsk "Rook" passed competitive tests with a sample developed at the Central Research Institute of Precision Engineering (Klimovsk, Moscow Region). At the research site of the Russian Ministry of Defense, the samples were tested for service life and trouble-free operation in normal and difficult conditions (shooting without lubrication, at temperatures from minus 50 to plus 50 degrees Celsius, in dusty conditions, in rain). The total volume of tests in difficult conditions amounted to almost 1.5 thousand shots. As a result, the Izhevsk model met most of the strict requirements of the army. The effectiveness of the shooting was assessed by members of the FSB unit. When performing the exercises of the FSB shooting course with the new pistol, 65 percent of the participants completed them “excellent” and “good.” In general, the Yarygin design sample demonstrated its advantages over a competing design and was recommended for adoption by the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the FSB and the Russian Army, but has so far been adopted only by the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation,

According to its consumer qualities and technical specifications the MP443 "Rook" pistol from the Izhevsk Mechanical Plant is at the most modern level, and in some respects it is superior to its Western counterparts.

9mm pistol MP443 "Rook" TTX
Caliber, mm 9x19 7N21; 9x19 Luger
starting speed, m/s 460; 340
dimensions, mm 190х140х38
Barrel length, mm 114.5
Rifling 6, right-hand -
Cutting pitch, mm 350 -
Weight without cartridges, kg 1.0
Magazine capacity, 17 rounds
Trigger gain, N:
With trigger cocked<25,5
When firing by self-cocking<57,0

Submachine gun PP-2000 "Vityaz"

The PP-2000 submachine gun was developed at the Instrument Engineering Design Bureau (KBP) in Tula, Russia, and was first shown publicly in 2004, although a patent for its design was registered back in 2001. The PP-2000 is clearly intended to be either a self-defense weapon for military personnel (PDW) or as a close-combat weapon for special operations forces, both army and police/militia, primarily for operations in urban environments. PP-2000 is extremely compact and lightweight, with a minimum number of parts and a simple design, ensuring easy operation and low cost. The ability to use high-power armor-piercing ammunition 7N21 and 7N31, originally developed for the GSh-18 pistol, allows the PP-2000 to be used to combat opponents wearing personal protective equipment (helmets, body armor), as well as to effectively hit targets inside vehicles. Moreover, compared to small-caliber analogues produced in Western countries, such as the Belgian 5.7mm FN P90 or the German 4.6mm HK MP-7, the PP-2000, thanks to the use of 9mm bullets, provides greater effectiveness against targets not protected by body armor. Currently, the PP-2000 is already in serial production and is entering service with the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs.

The PP-2000 submachine gun is built on the basis of automatic blowback action. The PP-2000 fires from a closed bolt, with a trigger mechanism. The body of the submachine gun is made of integral plastic with a pistol grip and an enlarged trigger guard, allowing, if necessary, to hold the weapon with two hands. The bolt protrudes from the body above the barrel; in its front part there is a bolt cocking handle that can be tilted to the right or left. The magazine is inserted into the pistol grip, the magazine release button is located at the base of the trigger guard. The safety switch is located on the left side of the weapon, above the pistol grip, and ensures firing of both single shots and bursts. A distinctive feature of the PP-2000, protected by a patent, is that there is a slot for a spare magazine in the rear part of its body. With a magazine inserted into this socket, it can be used as a rudimentary shoulder rest (stock). Modern serial versions of the PP-2000 are equipped with a detachable side-folding buttstock, installed in a slot for a spare magazine. On the upper surface of the receiver cover there is a Picatinny rail type guide, which allows the installation of various additional sighting devices on the corresponding brackets.

Submachine gun PP-2000 "Vityaz" TTX
Caliber: 9x19mm Luger/Para and 9x19 7Н31
Weight: about 1.4 kg
Length (stock folded/opened): 340 / 582 mm
Barrel length: no data
Rate of fire: 600 rounds per minute
Magazine capacity: 20 or 30 rounds
Effective range: up to 100 meters.

At all times, maintaining law and order was considered an honorable duty, so only the best representatives of their time were selected for these purposes. Today, the US police are a model of service to the people. This is what we will talk about in our article.

Police: the beginning has begun

The word “police” is very familiar to modern people, but almost no one knows that it has quite deep historical roots. This term was first used in Ancient Greece, it became derived from the Greek pronunciation of the word “city” - “polis”. In those days, “polity” meant a social structure, and only over time the word itself and its meaning changed.

The police structure took shape only in the first half of the nineteenth century, when a resident of London organized a special group that was supposed to maintain order in the city and detain minor offenders to bring them to court. Only from this moment, one might say, the history of the police began.

USA: the history of the emergence of the police department

The US police owe their appearance to the Texas Rangers. They became the first volunteers in the country to band together to defend their territories from Indian attack. The first group consisted of ten people and was just developing a clear structure and hierarchy.

A little later, the rangers began to take part in various military clashes within the country, where they showed their best side. This served as a reason to transfer to them powers to protect borders and internal law and order. By the beginning of the twentieth century, the Rangers had become an official agency, incredibly popular among young Americans.

The name "police" was first used in 1917. Then a unit was formed in New York that was supposed to deal with law enforcement activities and had a wide range of responsibilities. New York's experience was successful and many states began to organize similar units. A few years later, the US police force was fully formed.

Despite the fact that in almost every American action movie an actor portrays a police officer, we know almost nothing about how this department functions. Surprisingly, the US police do not have a unified structure within the country. Each state forms its own police departments and imposes its own rules. They can differ radically in different regions of the country, which makes it difficult for police to find criminals. After all, various controls interact poorly with each other.

Despite the fact that in the United States men and women have equal rights, women were hired as police officers only at the beginning of the twentieth century. Moreover, the lack of uniform did not bother anyone; the first female police officer independently developed a version of the uniform, which was used as a model for almost fifty years.

Russian police officers, who have opportunities for rapid career advancement, differ significantly from US police officers. They often retire with the rank assigned upon entry into service. Titles earned during years of service in the US police are canceled upon transfer to another police department. At a new workplace, the employee is forced to re-confirm his qualifications in order to possibly get a promotion someday.

A US citizen, upon joining the police, receives the rank of officer. This is the lowest category, for which you do not even need to have a higher education. With a successful combination of circumstances, a beginner can grow into a detective. This is considered a more prestigious rank, but its status is not much different from that of an officer. The detective does not have any privileges and cannot boast of a large salary. The title of detective is divided into three categories; they are assigned depending on length of service, but have no serious differences.

If a detective has worked in the police force for at least five years, he receives admission to the exam for the rank of sergeant. The exam is extremely difficult; about 95% of applicants fail it. A similar scheme applies to obtaining the following ranks - lieutenant and captain. The only nuance is the fact that only an American with a higher education can become a lieutenant. This is a major barrier to promotion for many police officers.

Further ranks do not depend on length of service; they are awarded only in the presence of serious personal achievements. The highest rank is Chief of Police. If we are talking about the whole state, then you can rise to the rank of sheriff.

American police uniforms

The US police uniform does not have a uniform standard. Each state has the right to independently develop the design of the uniform. Of course, you won't notice this in American action films. Almost all the police there are dressed the same, which is incredibly far from reality. The only thing that all servants of the law have is the badge of an American policeman. It gives broad rights and opportunities, so you carry it with you even outside of work hours.

In many states, the form was developed about a hundred years ago and has not changed since then. Although in recent years there has been a trend towards change and experimentation in the United States, which has further moved the police away from a single uniform standard.

US police service weapon

The lack of unity in the country's police departments has also affected the weapons of the American police officer. Each state approves the list of weapons at the regional level. But in a few words, the scheme for choosing a service pistol is as follows:

• at the state level, a list of types and brands of firearms that must be used by police is approved;
• every police officer has the right to use two types of pistols - mandatory and optional;
• the weapon of choice can be replaced with another over time.

Most often, the service weapon of American police officers is the Colt. It belongs to the mandatory types. Since the beginning of the twentieth century, this barrel has been used by American troops and police departments. The design of the pistol is still considered classic.

The second pistol that has won the hearts of American police officers is the Glock. This model is one of the latest developments and features a shortened barrel. The magazine holds fifteen rounds and has high firepower.

What cars do US police officers use to patrol the streets?

At the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, American police attempted to create an autonomous vehicle. Such a “car” was insanely expensive and could not travel more than fifty kilometers. Not every state could afford such luxury.

Until the eighties, the US police tried different brands of cars. Many did not meet the list of requirements and could not work in harsh operating conditions. For the last thirty-six years, US police cars have been represented by Chevrolet and Ford brands. They make up more than eighty percent of the entire American police fleet.

The service life of such a car is on average five years. Before each shift, the vehicle undergoes a thorough inspection. In case of the slightest malfunction, the machine is removed from the shift and sent to the workshop.

Motorcycles on the streets of America

Motorcycles have had their place in America's police departments for over a century. Motorcycles first entered the fleet at the beginning of the twentieth century and immediately became the favorites of American police officers. Their use has a number of advantages:

• maneuverability;
• ability to develop high speed in the shortest possible time;
• low fuel consumption.

The requirements for two-wheeled vehicles are very strict. The motorcycle must have sound signals, a footrest and a mandatory windshield. There are quite a lot of models that correspond to this list, but most often the police use equipment from the Harley-Davidson and Honda brands.

We hope that in our article you found many interesting facts about the US police. Now you won’t be able to be misled by all sorts of TV series and feature films about the everyday life of police officers. After all, you have all the necessary knowledge to distinguish fiction from reality.

In the near future it is planned to change the type of standard weapons for all internal affairs officers. In particular, Makarov pistols will be replaced by Yarygin pistols, and Kalashnikov assault rifles by PP-2000 or Vityaz submachine guns,” said M. Sukhodolsky.

According to him, the new weapon is different in that the bullet used in it has less rebound ability. “This is important for use in urban environments,” he noted.

Also, stun devices, including remote ones, will appear in the arsenal of Russian police officers, reports NEWSru.com. “The rearmament will proceed as planned and will take several years,” Sukhodolsky noted.

Submachine gun PP-2000

The PP-2000 submachine gun was developed at the Instrument Design Bureau in Tula. A patent for its design was registered in 2001. The ability to use high-power armor-piercing ammunition allows the PP-2000 to be used to combat opponents wearing personal protective equipment (helmets, body armor), as well as to effectively hit targets located inside vehicles.

Moreover, compared to small-caliber analogues produced in Western countries, such as the Belgian 5.7mm FN P90 or the German 4.6mm HK MP-7, the PP-2000, thanks to the use of 9mm bullets, provides greater effectiveness against targets not protected by body armor. It is currently in mass production.
Caliber: 9x19mm Luger/Para and 9x19 7Н31
Weight: about 1.4 kg
Length (stock folded/opened): 340/582 mm
Rate of fire: 600 rounds per minute
Magazine capacity: 20 or 30 rounds
Effective range: up to 100 meters.

Yarygin pistol

The Yarygin pistol (PYa “Grach”, GRAU Index - 6P35) is intended to replace the PM. Adopted by the Russian Army in 2003. Used by Russian special forces. The design is reminiscent of the Italian Beretta 92 pistol.
Caliber - 9 mm
Initial bullet speed - 465 m/s
Weight with magazine without cartridges - 0.95 kg
Total length - 210 mm
Magazine capacity, number of rounds - 18
Combat rate of fire - 35 v/m
Chuck length ~ 29.7 mm.

Submachine gun "Vityaz"

The PP-19-01 "Vityaz" submachine gun is a further development of the PP-19 "Bison" submachine gun. "Vityaz" was developed by the IZHMASH concern specifically for the requirements of the special forces detachment of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs "Vityaz", which is where it got its name. Currently, the PP-19-01 "Vityaz" submachine gun is in serial production and is already entering service with units of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs.
Caliber: 9x19mm (Luger/Parabellum/7H21)
Weight: ~3 kg without cartridges
Length (stock folded/opened): 460/698 mm
Barrel length: 230 mm
Rate of fire: 750 rounds per minute
Magazine capacity: 30 rounds
Effective range: 100-200 meters.

At the present stage of development of the weapons system in the units of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, we are talking mainly about special units; new types of hand-held firearms have already arrived and are expected to enter service. This contributes to more efficient performance by employees of operational and combat missions to suppress illegal actions using firearms. As an example, we will cite several types of weapons and special equipment that have already entered or are awaiting entry into service with special units of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs.

As part of the International Military-Technical Forum "Army-2015", which took place from July 16 to 19 in Kubinka near Moscow, the Kalashnikov concern presented to the general public for the first time a prototype of a new 9 mm caliber pistol "PL-14" (Lebedev Pistol). The concept of the new pistol was created jointly by leading sports shooters and specialists from the law enforcement agencies of our country. The main difference between the PL-14 pistol and its modern analogues is better balance and ergonomics, which most fully correspond to modern ideas about the production of a well-aimed shot and human biomechanics, explains the concern’s published press release. Particular attention should be paid to the unique aesthetics of the new product.

The PL-14 pistol is being developed in Izhevsk in the design department of the Kalashnikov concern under the leadership of designer Dmitry Lebedev. It is worth noting that Lebedev is a student of the legendary Soviet sporting weapons designer Efim Khaidurov and has been working on the creation of experimental combat pistols for many years. Work on the PL-14 pistol began in 2014 with the active participation of the famous Russian sports shooter Andrei Kirisenko, who is a multiple national champion in practical shooting. The goal of the work on the new pistol is to create service (combat) weapons for the police, army, Russian special services, as well as versions of the pistol for practical sports shooting. The reason for the start of this work is also the presence of some inherent problems with the Yarygin pistol, which is in service with the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Russian army, in particular, problems with service life and not the best ergonomics.

The new PL-14 pistol was based on a number of basic concepts, which include: high reliability with any 9x19 mm cartridge, optimal ergonomics, safety in handling, long service life (at least 10 thousand rounds when firing reinforced armor-piercing cartridges 7N21, when using the resource of conventional cartridges should be significantly higher), the model is completely “double-sided”.

The pistol uses a hammer-operated firing mechanism with an inertial striker and a hidden hammer. This solution made it possible to remove the protruding parts, making the pistol more convenient to carry, remove from the holster and use for its intended purpose. The pistol is fired in self-cocking mode for each shot (double-action trigger only), while the trigger force is 4 kg, and the full stroke of the pistol trigger is 7 mm. Additionally, a manual safety was introduced into the design of the PL-14, which, when turned on, disconnects the trigger from the hammer and has two flat, conveniently located levers located on both sides of the pistol.

The design of Lebedev's pistol provides an indicator of the presence of a cartridge in the chamber, which is made in the form of a pin that protrudes from the rear end of the bolt when there is a cartridge in the barrel of the weapon. The slide stop levers were also double-sided, as was the magazine release button. The pistol uses double-row detachable magazines with cartridges exiting in one row. Sights PL-14 are open type, non-adjustable, they are installed in dovetail grooves. On the frame under the barrel there is a Picatinny rail, which is designed for mounting various additional equipment on the pistol (tactical flashlight, laser designator, etc.).

Not long ago, the GSh-18 pistol with 9x19mm PBP cartridges with an armor-piercing bullet was adopted for service. The GSh-18 pistol was developed in the late 1990s in the Tula Instrument Design Bureau under the leadership of famous weapons designers (mainly aircraft guns) Gryazev and Shipunov. The number 18 in the name indicates the magazine capacity.

KBP began developing a new army pistol in the mid-1990s with the creation of its own version of the 9x19mm Parabellum cartridge with increased armor-piercing power. The 9x19mm PBP cartridge has a lightweight bullet with a high muzzle velocity (4.2 grams, 600 m/s) with a heat-strengthened steel core.

The first versions of KBP pistols were designated P-96 and were not very successful, and therefore in 1998 the development of a new pistol began, which entered testing in 2000. The pistol, named GSh-18, has successfully passed official tests and is widely advertised both for domestic consumers (mainly structures of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, FSB, Internal Troops) and for export sale.

In connection with the adoption of the Yarygin PYa pistol (Rook theme) in Russia in 2000, as well as the presence of a more powerful and good in terms of characteristics Serdyukov’s SPS pistol (aka SR-1 “Vector”, aka “Gyurza”, under cartridge 9x21mm SP-10), the future of the GSh-18 pistol is rather vague, although in itself it is undoubtedly an interesting pistol, although not outstanding.

The GSh-18 is built according to a short-stroke design. Locking is done by rotating the barrel through 10 lugs, the angle of rotation when locking is only 18 degrees. The pistol frame is made of plastic, with steel inserts. The bolt is stamped from a steel sheet, with a rigidly reinforced insert at the point of engagement with the barrel and a bolt block that can be removed during disassembly, in which the firing pin and ejector are mounted. The trigger is striker-operated, with preliminary partial cocking of the firing pin when the bolt moves and additional cocking when the trigger is pressed.

The pistol is equipped with automatic safety devices only. including on the trigger. The half-cocked firing pin protrudes approximately 1mm at the rear of the bolt, allowing you to visually and tactfully determine whether the pistol is ready to fire.

The sights are non-adjustable, the rear sight is mounted not on the bolt, but on the bolt block, which critics of the pistol consider a drawback, since over time the bolt block can become loose in the bolt and the accuracy of aiming and shooting will decrease. The magazine is double-row, box-shaped, with cartridges exiting in two rows to improve feed reliability. The magazine latch is located behind the trigger guard and can be easily moved to either side of the weapon. The bolt stop is on the left.

The GSh-18 can use any commercial 9x19mm cartridges, 9mm NATO military cartridges, as well as special domestically developed armor-piercing cartridges, 7N21 and 9x19mm PBP. This capability, however, is not exclusive to the GSh-18, since the PYa (Rook) pistol can also use these cartridges. Moreover, developers of domestic ammunition claim that their developments can be used in any sufficiently durable 9x19mm pistols.

It is worth paying attention to the Kalashnikov AK-12 assault rifle.

The Kalashnikov assault rifle AK-12 is a promising development of the IZHMASH concern OJSC, designed in the future to replace previous versions of the Kalashnikov assault rifles - AK-74 and AK-74M, AK-103 and earlier AKM AKMS - in production and in service with the Russian army and other law enforcement agencies .

The Kalashnikov AK-12 assault rifle uses “classic” automatics with a long stroke gas piston and a rotating bolt. To improve ergonomic and operational characteristics, the receiver has been significantly redesigned, especially its upper part (cover). The AK-12 assault rifle received an elongated receiver cover, which has increased rigidity and is hinged on the receiver in the front part, so that to disassemble the weapon the cover is tilted up and forward.

In combination with a separate lid latch, controlled by a lever located on the right side of the rear of the receiver, this made it possible to ensure a constant position of the lid relative to the barrel for the use of optical and other sights mounted on an integral Picatinny-type rail located on the lid. The cocking handle is moved forward and attached to the gas piston rod; however, it can be placed on the left or right side of the weapon at the shooter’s discretion.

This made it possible to eliminate the gap between the lid and the receiver, which is typical for weapons of the AK family, which is closed in the stowed position by the safety-translator lever and open to “all winds” in the firing position. The fire mode safety switch has been redesigned - now its lever is located on both sides of the weapon, under the thumb of the shooting hand, and has 4 positions - “Safety”, “single shooting”, “firing in bursts of 3” and “Automatic shooting”.

The design of the machine gun also features a slide delay, allowing for faster reloading. Other innovations of the AK-12 assault rifle include modified rifling and a bullet entry of the barrel, designed to increase the accuracy of fire, and a new muzzle brake-compensator, which makes it possible to launch foreign-made rifle grenades from the barrel. The stock folds sideways, telescopic, and adjustable in length.

In addition to the Picatinny rails located on the receiver cover and on the upper handguard, the Kalashnikov AK-12 also has short guides on the sides of the forend. The lower part of the forend is offered in two versions - with Picatinny-type rails for attaching lights, handles, etc. or without guides, for mounting standard under-barrel grenade launchers GP-25, GP-30 or GP-34. The machine can be used both with standard magazines of the corresponding caliber with a capacity of 30 rounds (from AK-74 or AKM, depending on the caliber), and with magazines from RPK / RPK-74, as well as with promising 4-row box magazines with a capacity of 60 rounds.

The 9-mm OTs-11 Tiss assault rifle uses the same automatic reloading mechanisms as the AKS-74U assault rifle.

They work by using the energy of powder gases, which are discharged when fired through a side hole in the barrel wall. The channel is locked by turning the bolt and placing it on two lugs.

The trigger mechanism allows firing single shots and bursts. The rate of fire reaches 800 rapid/min. The initial bullet speed is 270 m/s. The flag translator of firing modes also functions as a fuse. It is located on the right side of the receiver. In the on position, it blocks the trigger and supports the reloading handle, limiting the travel of the bolt frame to the rear extreme position.

The main differences between the OTs-11 "Tiss" and the AKS-74U are due to the use of new 9 x 39 mm SP-5 and SP-6 cartridges. The 200 mm long barrel, muzzle device and detachable box magazine were redesigned, and the dimensions of the shutter mirror were changed.
When firing, cartridges are fed from detachable box magazines. To make the weapon more compact, the magazine capacity has been reduced compared to the AKS-74U to 20 rounds.
Open iron sights are newly designed. They include a front and rear sight. The target firing range is 400 m. Firing accuracy has been improved compared to the AKS-74U.

The 9-mm SR3 “Whirlwind” assault rifle is the next representative of the automatic weapon that entered service with the units of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs. Currently, the 9-mm SR-Z small-sized assault rifle is being mass-produced and entering service with special forces units of various law enforcement agencies of the Russian Federation. The machine was developed by the designers of the TsNIITOCHMASH enterprise A.D. Borisov and V.N. Levchenko. At the development stage, it was designated MA - a small-sized assault rifle; it was adopted into service in 1996 under the designation SR-Z (SR - special development). The relatively small size and weight of the SR-Z make it one of the most compact and convenient small arms for special operations, ensuring the destruction of protected targets at a range of up to 200 m.

The SR-Z is designed on the basis of the 9-mm AS Val silent assault rifle, which, in turn, is a variant of the VSS Vintorez sniper rifle.

The main difference between the SR-Z and the prototype is the absence of a shot silencer, which made it possible to design the weapon as compact and suitable for concealed carry.
Like the prototype, the SR-Z automatic mechanisms operate by using the energy of powder gases removed from the barrel when fired. The barrel bore is locked by turning the bolt six stops.

The trigger mechanism allows for single and automatic fire. With the exception of the plastic fire control handle and forend, all parts of the machine gun are made of steel. Their surfaces are equipped with a special anti-corrosion coating.

When firing an SP-6 cartridge from a machine gun at a distance of 200 m, 100 percent penetration of body armor containing two titanium plates 1.4 mm thick or 30 layers of Kevlar is ensured.

The assault rifle is equipped with open mechanical sighting devices, the design of which is simplified compared to the sighting devices of the AS Val assault rifle. They include a front sight in the muzzle and a two-position flip rear sight. The aimed shooting range is 200 m.

As for sniper rifles, I would like to focus on the 7.62 mm SV-98 sniper rifle.

As part of the work on a new complex of sniper weapons (the "Burglar" theme), Russian gunsmiths carried out development work on sniper systems of various calibers - 7.62 mm "Burglar-7.62", 9 mm "Burglar -9", 12.7 mm "Burglar-12.7". One of the results was the entry into service of special forces in 2003 of the 6S11 sniper complex of 7.62 mm caliber, including the SV-98 repeating rifle (index 6B10) and the 7N14 cartridge with a bullet of increased penetration (although other versions of the 7.62x54 cartridge can be used , including the 7N1 sniper or the “Extra” sports cartridge). The rifle is in service, in particular, in the units of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation.

The SV-98 sniper rifle was developed by the designer of the Izhevsk Machine-Building Plant V. Stronsky based on the “large-caliber” sports rifle (according to the sports classification) “Record” - CISM.

The rifle barrel is made by cold radial forging using imported technology with honing treatment (finishing machined parts to the required cleanliness with abrasive stones) and relieving internal stresses. The barrel is cantilevered in the receiver and hangs freely, that is, it does not touch the stock or other parts of the rifle and is not loaded with a bipod mount (the so-called “free-floating barrel”). This ensures the constancy of its fluctuations, which can be taken into account when zeroing. To improve shooting accuracy, the barrel bore is not chrome-plated. The muzzle of the barrel has a thread for attaching a low-noise shooting device (LSD). If the muzzle device is not installed, the threads are covered by a bushing that protects the threads.

The magazine design of the rifle made it possible to eliminate impulse loads characteristic of automatic (self-loading) weapons. In addition, when working with a repeating rifle, there is no knocking of automatic parts, it is possible to control the movement of the bolt (which helps, for example, to avoid the shine of an ejected cartridge case or to send a cartridge into the chamber more smoothly). The longitudinally sliding rotary bolt has three lugs in the front part, and a reloading handle deflected downward in the rear part. The front end of the middle lug serves as a cartridge rammer during the reloading process. In the locked position, the charging handle is located above the trigger guard on the right, which makes it easier for the sniper to operate it. An ejector with a spring is assembled in the bolt, the reflector is located in the receiver.

The impact mechanism is striker type. The firing pin with the mainspring is assembled in the bolt channel. The firing pin is cocked by turning the reloading handle while unlocking the bolt, which increases the safety of the weapon during the reloading process. The trigger mechanism is assembled in a separate housing, mounted in the receiver. The trigger force is adjustable within 1.0-1.5 kgf. The trigger mechanism is smooth and has a small trigger stroke. The non-automatic safety lever is mounted on the right behind the bolt handle, and when turned on, blocks the sear, trigger and bolt.

Feeding comes from a box-shaped detachable middle magazine with a capacity of 10 rounds with a double-row arrangement that does not protrude from the stock. The magazine body is cast from glass-filled polyamide and reinforced with metal liners and has a lever feed mechanism. When installing the magazine, a special vertical rod, pressed into the receiver, fixes its correct position. When attaching the magazine, the latch mounted on the rod engages with a metal sleeve reinforced in the opening of the magazine body and presses the magazine tightly against the receiver. This ensures simple, stable and reliable mounting of the magazine on the rifle.

The optical sight bracket is mounted on top of the receiver on a stepped Picatinny-type rail. The main sight is a pancratic 1P69 (“Hyperon”). The sight provides automatic setting of aiming angles at ranges from 100 to 1000 m. The field of view of the sight with amplification factor 3x is 7.6°, with amplification factor 10x - 2.5°. The sight has a rubber eyecup, a protective hood and a lens cap, and a reticle illumination device. Other sights can also be installed, for example, the PKS-07 sight with a constant magnification of 7x. There is also an open mechanical sighting device, including a front sight with a safety lock (when brought to normal combat, the front sight is adjusted vertically and horizontally) and a variable sight, designed for ranges from 100 to 600 m. The declared effective firing range is 800 m.

The stock is made of pressed plywood board. The butt is adjustable in length (within 20 mm), and the “cheek” (comb - rest under the cheek) and the back of the butt are adjustable in height (within ±30 mm) and lateral displacement (±7 mm). The cutout of the butt is designed to be held with the left hand when shooting. In front of the forend, a height-adjustable bipod is attached to a longitudinal rod; in the stowed position, its legs fit into the forend. An adjustable rear support is attached to the stock. To prevent the shooter from holding the sight when carrying the weapon, a carrying handle is attached to the stock. An option with a plastic stock was also offered.
To protect the field of view of the sight from a thermal “mirage,” a wide nylon tape can be attached above the barrel, and a special visor can be attached above the PMS. SHUYU not only reduces the sound pressure level and eliminates the flash of a shot's flame, but also plays the role of a muzzle brake, reducing the recoil impulse acting on the shooter.

The new 7N14 sniper cartridge of the 7.62x54 type is a development of the 7N1 and is distinguished by a bullet of increased penetration with a hardened pointed core and is superior to the 7N1, first of all, in its ability to hit targets in personal armor protection.

Thus, the re-equipment and re-equipment of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs is proceeding as planned and inspires optimism that in the near future other types of new weapons and equipment will enter service and will allow the “guardian of order” to carry out their tasks even more efficiently and effectively.

We took a short historical excursion to find out what law enforcement officers in different countries used to arm themselves with. Let's now look at modern police weapons. Let's start, perhaps, with the shirt that is closer to the body - with our native Russian police (although honestly: for me the word “police” in our realities is associated not with a policeman, but with a policeman). Of course, listing all conceivable models is a disastrous task. We will try to limit ourselves to the most common or popular ones.

The previously mentioned tendency to combine military and police weapons in Russia continues to operate today. All the “trunks” that will be discussed below are used not only by various law enforcement agencies, but also by the military.

Until now, the most popular pistol used by the police remains the 9-mm Makarov pistol. Developed in 1948 and put into service in 1951, it replaced the famous revolver.

In the early 90s, it was modernized (the main changes were a higher muzzle velocity and an increased magazine capacity) and received the designation PMM. The second “M”, as you understand, means “modernized”.

The morally outdated PM began to be replaced by the Yarygin pistol, designed for the use of 9-mm Parabellum cartridges. Created at the Izhevsk Mechanical Plant, the model turned out to be quite heavy (950 g without cartridges) and bulky, with a high center of gravity, threatening to “block” the weapon. Almost the main disadvantage, many experts consider the lack of a function for safely releasing the cocked hammer.

Of course, it also has advantages: less recoil and bounce when fired compared to the PM, a more capacious magazine (for 18 rounds), high penetration and stopping effect. In addition, a Weaver rail and a tactical flashlight with a laser target designator can be installed on the PY. But in general, the design of the pistol is considered obsolete by the time it was created.

Not just pistols...

The police also have machine guns. The most popular, naturally, is the AK-74U, which uses a 5.45x39 mm cartridge. The thing is certainly formidable, but somewhat outdated. It is not surprising that gunsmiths were asked to develop a new, more modern machine gun for use as a police weapon.

At the Kovrov Mechanical Plant in the late 90s, the AEK-919K “Kashtan” was created, using the widespread PM cartridge.

True, police patrols are not equipped with them; these are special forces weapons, which will require a small-sized machine gun in confined spaces.

Since 2006, the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs began to be equipped with 9-mm PP-2000. A very interesting unit with a plastic case and a magazine for 20 or 44 rounds of 9x19 Parabellum cartridges.

Light weight (just over one and a half kg without cartridges), the ability to shoot with thick gloves, as well as an installed Picatinny rail for a bunch of “bells and whistles” (silencer, optical or IR laser laser, tactical flashlight, collimator or optical sight) will allow it to become a worthy replacement for the old one good Kalash.

Izhmash made it even simpler: they developed the PP-19-01 Vityaz submachine gun, which is based on the AK-74U design (the unification of parts is 70%). The main difference is the cartridge.

The Vityaz uses a 9x19 cartridge, both from domestic and foreign companies. Well, a “trifle” in the form of a Picatinny rail is a thing that goes without saying for modern weapons.

When describing Russian police weapons, one cannot fail to mention another well-known development - the PP-91 KEDR. It is CEDAR, and not “Cedar”, as is often mistakenly written. After all, this is an abbreviation for “design by Evgeniy Dragunov.” This submachine gun has a long history. It began to be developed back in the 70s of the last century for the army, but due to its short effective firing range it was not accepted into service. Yes, this is understandable, because the cartridge used here was a pistol 9x18 PM.

KEDR was “reanimated” in the 90s, when the police needed funds to suppress a surge in crime. A silencer and a laser target designator can be installed on it. Currently, it is the second most common submachine gun as a police weapon in Russia in law enforcement agencies.