Affordable experiments at home. Interesting chemical experiments that can be easily repeated at home

IN high school They don’t start chemistry until 8th grade; children find this science too difficult. But you can prepare a student for the subject in a very simple and non-boring way - by organizing a chemistry experiment at home. Such mini-experiments will help you look at science from a different perspective, and showing “chemical tricks” will help children's party will significantly increase the degree of fun.

Fireproof banknote

To perform an incredibly impressive but simple trick, you will need:

• bill;
• aqueous-alcohol solution with an alcohol content of about 50%;
• salt;
• tweezers or tweezers.

A pinch of salt must be added to the solution. Next, a bill is placed into the solution using tweezers. For those who are conducting such an experiment in chemistry for the first time, it is better to take a banknote of a lower denomination!

After the money is thoroughly wet, you should pick it up again with tweezers and lightly shake off the excess liquid from the paper. Now you can set it on fire! The fire will pass through the entire bill, but not a single edge will even turn brown. This happens because the alcohol contained in the solution burns. In turn, the water with which the paper is saturated does not have time to evaporate.

Crystal eggs

Crystal growing is one of the popular hobbies offered by entertaining chemistry. Experiments with crystallization are most often carried out on sugar, but sugar crystals no longer surprise anyone. We offer a new and unusual sight - crystals grown on eggs!

Crystal eggs can be obtained using:

• alum (sold in pharmacies);
• PVA glue;
• dyes.

The crystals on the eggs will grow very quickly, in just a day. It is necessary to first wash the shell and dry it thoroughly. After which the eggs are smeared with glue and sprinkled with alum. Now they need to lie down for several hours to dry again.

Next, the dye must be dissolved in two glasses of plain water. You can choose the amount of dye yourself in this case Only the intensity of the color of the crystals depends on it. The eggs are placed in the dye for a day or a day. The longer the egg sits in the solution, the larger the crystals grow. It is worth taking out the finished crystal eggs carefully - they are quite fragile.

Balloon on a bottle

How can you inflate a balloon without helium without any physical effort? For this you can use a regular baking soda and vinegar, which are in every mother’s kitchen cupboard. To conduct this experiment in chemistry, you will need:

• balloon IR;
• bottle;
• 3-4 teaspoons of soda;
• table vinegar.

The soda is poured directly into the ball using a funnel or spoon. After which it is put on a bottle with a small amount of vinegar. As soon as the soda from the balloon begins to spill into the bottle, it begins to swell, as if from helium. This happens because vinegar reacts with baking soda, releasing carbon dioxide. The balloon is inflated thanks to the gas in a few seconds, just catch it!

Multi-colored layers in a bottle

The following chemistry experiment will clearly explain to your child the concept of liquid density. For this you will need:

• a quarter cup of sunflower oil;
• a quarter glass of water, tinted in any bright color;
• a quarter cup of sugar syrup (to make the trick more effective, you should also add coloring to it).

The child can predict in advance what will happen when all these liquids are mixed. He will like the result - the syrup will settle down as the densest one, the water will be located in the middle, and the oil will remain on top. You can experiment with colors and liquids, creating unimaginable compositions. For example, adding different quantities sugar into syrup, you will be able to get several liquids of different densities.

Laboratory experiments in chemistry can be anything but boring. These eye-catching yet simple tricks will help encourage your child to study science and will simply provide some entertainment on a rainy day.

Friends, good afternoon! Agree, how interesting it is sometimes to surprise our little ones! They have such a funny reaction to . It shows that they are ready to learn, ready to absorb new material. The whole world opens up at this moment before them and for them! And we, parents, act as real wizards with a hat from which we “pull out” something incredibly interesting, new and very important!

What will we get out of the “magic” hat today? We have 25 experimental experiments there for children and adults. They will be prepared for babies of different ages to get them interested and involved in the process. Some can be carried out without any preparation, using handy tools that each of us has at home. For others, we will buy some materials so that everything goes smoothly. Well? I wish us all good luck and move forward!

Today will be a real holiday! And in our program:

So let's decorate the holiday by preparing an experiment for a birthday, New Year, March 8, etc.

Ice soap bubbles

What do you think will happen if simple bubbles that are tiny in 4 years loves to inflate them, run after them and burst them, inflate them in the cold. Or rather, straight into a snowdrift.

I'll give you a hint:

• they will burst immediately!
• take off and fly away!
• will freeze!

Whatever you choose, I can tell you right away, it will surprise you! Can you imagine what will happen to the little one?!

But in slow motion it’s just a fairy tale!

I'm complicating the question. Is it possible to repeat the experiment in the summer in order to get a similar option?

Choose answers:

• Yes. But you need ice from the refrigerator.

You know, although I really want to tell you everything, this is exactly what I won’t do! Let there be at least one surprise for you too!

Paper vs water

The real one is waiting for us experiment. Is it really possible for paper to defeat water? This is a challenge for everyone who plays Rock-Paper-Scissors!

What we need:

• Paper;
• Water in a glass.

Cover the glass. It would be good if its edges were a little damp, then the paper would stick. Carefully turn the glass over... The water does not leak!

Let's inflate balloons without breathing?

We have already carried out chemical children's experiments. Remember, the very first room for very little babies was a room with vinegar and soda. So, let's continue! And we use the energy, or rather, the air, that is released during the reaction for peaceful and inflatable purposes.

Ingredients:

• Soda;
• Plastic bottle;
• Vinegar;
• Ball.

Pour soda into the bottle and fill 1/3 with vinegar. Shake lightly and quickly pull the ball onto the neck. When it is inflated, bandage it and remove it from the bottle.

Such a small experience can show even in kindergarten.

Rain from a cloud

We need:

• Jar of water;
• Shaving foam;
• Food coloring (any color, several colors possible).

We make a cloud of foam. A big and beautiful cloud! Entrust this to the best cloud maker, your child. 5 years. He will definitely make her real!

author of the photo

All that remains is to distribute the dye over the cloud, and... drip-drip! Rain is coming!

Rainbow

Maybe, physics the children are still unknown. But after they make Rainbow, they will definitely love this science!

• Deep transparent container with water;
• Mirror;
• Flashlight;
• Paper.

Place a mirror at the bottom of the container. We shine a flashlight on the mirror at a slight angle. All that remains is to catch the Rainbow on paper.

Even easier is to use a disk and a flashlight.

Crystals

There is something similar, only this time ready game. But our experience interesting the fact that we ourselves, from the very beginning, will grow crystals from salt in water. To do this, take a thread or wire. And let's keep it for several days in such salty water, where the salt can no longer dissolve, but accumulates in a layer on the wire.

Can be grown from sugar

Lava jar

If you add oil to a jar of water, it will all accumulate on top. It can be tinted with food coloring. But in order for the bright oil to sink to the bottom, you need to pour salt on top of it. Then the oil will settle. But not for long. The salt will gradually dissolve and release beautiful droplets of oil. The colored oil rises gradually, as if a mysterious volcano is bubbling inside the jar.

Eruption

For toddlers 7 years It will be very interesting to blow up, demolish, destroy something. In a word, this is a real element of nature for them. and therefore we create a real, exploding volcano!

We sculpt from plasticine or make a “mountain” from cardboard. We place a jar inside it. Yes, so that its neck fits the “crater”. Fill the jar with soda, dye, warm water and... vinegar. And everything will begin to “explode, lava will rush up and flood everything around!

A hole in the bag is not a problem

This is what convinces book scientific experiments for children and adults Dmitry Mokhov "Simple Science". And we can check this statement ourselves! First, fill the bag with water. and then we'll pierce it. But we won’t remove what we pierced with (a pencil, a toothpick or a pin). How much water will we leak? Let's check!

Water that doesn't spill

Only such water still needs to be produced.

Take water, paint and starch (as much as water) and mix. Eventually - plain water. You just can't spill it!

"Slippery" egg

In order for the egg to actually fit into the neck of the bottle, you need to set fire to the piece of paper and throw it into the bottle. Cover the hole with an egg. When the fire goes out, the egg will slip inside.

Snow in summer

This trick is especially interesting to repeat in the warm season. Remove the contents of the diapers and wet them with water. All! The snow is ready! Nowadays such snow is easy to find in children's toys in stores. Ask the seller for artificial snow. And there is no need to ruin diapers.

Moving snakes

To make a moving figure we will need:

• Sand;
• Alcohol;
• Sugar;
• Soda;
• Fire.

Pour alcohol onto a pile of sand and let it soak. Then pour sugar and baking soda on top and set it on fire! Oh, what a funny this experiment! Children and adults will love what the animated snake gets up to!

Of course, this is for older children. And it looks pretty scary!

Battery train

The copper wire, which we twist into an even spiral, will become our tunnel. How? Let's connect its edges, forming a round tunnel. But before that, we “launch” the battery inside, only attaching neodymium magnets to its edges. And consider that you have invented a perpetual motion machine! The locomotive moved on its own.

Candle swing

To light both ends of the candle, you need to clear the wax from the bottom down to the wick. Heat a needle over the fire and pierce the candle in the middle with it. Place the candle on 2 glasses so that it rests on the needle. Burn the edges and shake slightly. Then the candle itself will swing.

Elephant tooth paste

The elephant needs everything big and a lot. Let's do it! Dissolve potassium permanganate in water. Add liquid soap. The last ingredient, hydrogen peroxide, turns our mixture into a giant elephant paste!

Let's drink a candle

For greater effect, color the water in a bright color. Place a candle in the middle of the saucer. We set it on fire and cover it with a transparent container. Pour water into a saucer. At first the water will be around the container, but then it will all be saturated inside, towards the candle.
Oxygen is burned, the pressure inside the glass decreases and

A real chameleon

What will help our chameleon change color? Cunning! Instruct your little one 6 years decorate in different colors plastic plate. And cut out the chameleon figure yourself on another plate, similar in shape and size. All that remains is to loosely connect both plates in the middle so that the top one, with the cut out figure, can rotate. Then the color of the animal will always change.

Light up the rainbow

Place Skittles in a circle on a plate. Pour water inside the plate. Just wait a little and we get a rainbow!

Smoke rings

Cut off the bottom plastic bottle. And pull the cut edge balloon to get a membrane like in the photo. Light an incense stick and place it in the bottle. Close the lid. When there is continuous smoke in the jar, unscrew the lid and tap on the membrane. Smoke will come out in rings.

Multicolored liquid

To make everything look more impressive, paint the liquid in different colors. Make 2-3 blanks colorful water. Pour water of the same color into the bottom of the jar. Then carefully pour along the wall from different sides vegetable oil. Pour water mixed with alcohol over it.

Egg without shell

Place a raw egg in vinegar for at least a day, some say for a week. And the trick is ready! An egg without a hard shell.
The egg shell contains calcium in abundance. Vinegar reacts actively with calcium and gradually dissolves it. As a result, the egg is covered with a film, but completely without a shell. It feels like an elastic ball.
The egg will also be larger than its original size, as it will absorb some of the vinegar.

Dancing men

It's time to get rowdy! Mix 2 parts starch with one part water. Place a bowl of starchy liquid on the speakers and turn up the bass!

Decorating the ice

We decorate ice figures of different shapes using food paint mixed with water and salt. The salt eats away at the ice and seeps deep, creating interesting passages. Great idea for color therapy.

Launching paper rockets

We empty the tea bags of tea by cutting off the top. Let's set it on fire! Warm air picks up the package!

There are so many experiences that you will definitely find something to do with your children, just choose! And don’t forget to come back again for a new article, which you’ll hear about if you subscribe! Invite your friends to visit us too! That's all for today! Bye!

Household chemist-scientists believe that the most useful property detergents - this is the content of surfactants (surfactants). Surfactants significantly reduce the electrostatic voltage between particles of substances and break down conglomerates. This property makes clothes easier to clean. In this article chemical reactions, which you can repeat with household chemicals, because with the help of surfactants you can not only remove dirt, but also conduct spectacular experiments.

Experience one: foam volcano in a jar

It is very easy to carry out this interesting experiment at home. For it you will need:

hydroperite, or (the higher the concentration of the solution, the more intense the reaction will be and the more spectacular the eruption of the “volcano”; therefore, it is better to buy tablets at the pharmacy and immediately before use, dilute them in a small volume in a ratio of 1/1 (you will get a 50% solution - this is an excellent concentration);

gel dishwashing detergent (prepare approximately 50 ml of aqueous solution);

dye.

Now we need to obtain an effective catalyst - ammonia. Carefully add ammonia liquid drop by drop until completely dissolved.

Copper sulfate crystals

Consider the formula:

CuSO₄ + 6NH₃ + 2H₂O = (OH)₂ (copper ammonia) + (NH₄)₂SO₄

Peroxide decomposition reaction:

2H₂O₂ → 2H₂O + O₂

We make a volcano: mix ammonia with a washing solution in a jar or wide-necked flask. Then quickly pour in the hydroperite solution. The “eruption” can be very strong - to be on the safe side, it is better to place some kind of container under the volcano flask.

Experiment two: reaction of acid and sodium salts

Perhaps this is the most common compound that is found in every home - baking soda. It reacts with the acid, and the result is new salt, water and carbon dioxide. The latter can be detected by hissing and bubbles at the site of the reaction.

Experiment three: “floating” soap bubbles

This is a very simple baking soda experiment. You will need:

• aquarium with a wide bottom;
• baking soda (150-200 grams);
• (6-9% solution);
• soap bubbles (to make your own, mix water, dish soap and glycerin);

Spread baking soda evenly along the bottom of the aquarium and fill it with acetic acid. The result is carbon dioxide. It is heavier than air and therefore settles at the bottom of the glass box. To determine whether there is CO₂ there, lower a lit match to the bottom - it will instantly go out in carbon dioxide.

NaHCO₃ + CH₃COOH → CH₃COONa + H₂O + CO₂

Now you need to blow bubbles into the container. They will slowly move along a horizontal line (the boundary between carbon dioxide and air, invisible to the eye, as if floating in an aquarium).

Experiment four: reaction of soda and acid 2.0

For the experience you will need:

• different types of non-hygroscopic foods (for example, chewing marmalade).
• a glass of diluted baking soda (one tablespoon);
• a glass with a solution of acetic or any other available acid (malic,).

Cut pieces of marmalade with a sharp knife into strips 1-3 cm long and place for processing in a glass with soda solution. Wait 10 minutes and then transfer the pieces to another glass (with an acid solution).

The ribbons will become overgrown with bubbles of carbon dioxide formed and float to the top. The bubbles on the surface will evaporate, the lifting force of the gas will disappear, and the marmalade ribbons will sink and again become overgrown with bubbles, and so on until the reagents in the container run out.

Experience five: properties of alkali and litmus paper

Most detergents contain caustic soda, the most common alkali. Its presence in a detergent solution can be detected in this elementary experiment. At home, a young enthusiast can easily carry it out on his own:

• take a strip of litmus paper;
• dissolve a little liquid soap in water;
• dip litmus in soapy liquid;
• wait for the indicator to color Blue colour, which will indicate an alkaline reaction of the solution.

Click to find out what other experiments to determine the acidity of the medium can be carried out using available substances.

Experience six: colored explosions in milk

The experience is based on the properties of interaction between fats and surfactants. Fat molecules have a special, dual structure: hydrophilic (interacting, dissociating with water) and hydrophobic (water-insoluble “tail” of a polyatomic compound) end of the molecule.

1. Pour milk into a wide container of shallow depth (“canvas” on which a color explosion will be visible). Milk is a suspension, a suspension of fat molecules in water.
2. Using a pipette, add a few drops of water-soluble liquid dye to the milk container. Can be added to different places containers of different dyes and make a multi-color explosion.
3. Then you need to moisten a cotton swab in liquid detergent and touch the surface of the milk. The white “canvas” of milk turns into a moving palette with colors that move in the liquid like spirals and twist into bizarre curves.

This phenomenon is based on the ability of a surfactant to fragment (divide into sections) a film of fat molecules on the surface of a liquid. Fat molecules, repelled by their hydrophobic “tails,” migrate in the milk suspension, and with them the partially undissolved paint.

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There are very simple experiments that children remember for the rest of their lives. The guys may not fully understand why this is all happening, but when time will pass and they find themselves in a physics or chemistry lesson, a very clear example will certainly emerge in their memory.

website I collected 7 interesting experiments that children will remember. Everything you need for these experiments is at your fingertips.

Fireproof ball

Will need: 2 balls, candle, matches, water.

Experience: Inflate a balloon and hold it over a lit candle to demonstrate to children that the fire will make the balloon burst. Then pour plain tap water into the second ball, tie it and bring it to the candle again. It turns out that with water the ball can easily withstand the flame of a candle.

Explanation: The water in the ball absorbs the heat generated by the candle. Therefore, the ball itself will not burn and, therefore, will not burst.

Pencils

You will need: plastic bag, simple pencils, water.

Experience: Fill the plastic bag halfway with water. Use a pencil to pierce the bag right through where it is filled with water.

Explanation: If you pierce a plastic bag and then pour water into it, it will pour out through the holes. But if you first fill the bag halfway with water and then pierce it with a sharp object so that the object remains stuck into the bag, then almost no water will flow out through these holes. This is due to the fact that when polyethylene breaks, its molecules are attracted closer to each other. In our case, the polyethylene is tightened around the pencils.

Unbreakable balloon

You will need: a balloon, a wooden skewer and some dishwashing liquid.

Experience: Coat the top and bottom with the product and pierce the ball, starting from the bottom.

Explanation: The secret of this trick is simple. In order to preserve the ball, you need to pierce it at the points of least tension, and they are located at the bottom and at the top of the ball.

Cauliflower

Will need: 4 cups of water, food coloring, cabbage leaves or white flowers.

Experience: Add any color of food coloring to each glass and place one leaf or flower in the water. Leave them overnight. In the morning you will see that they have turned different colors.

Explanation: Plants absorb water and thereby nourish their flowers and leaves. This happens due to the capillary effect, in which water itself tends to fill the thin tubes inside the plants. This is how flowers, grass, and big trees. By sucking in tinted water, they change color.

floating egg

Will need: 2 eggs, 2 glasses of water, salt.

Experience: Carefully place the egg in a glass with a simple clean water. As expected, it will sink to the bottom (if not, the egg may be rotten and should not be returned to the refrigerator). Pour into the second glass warm water and stir 4-5 tablespoons of salt in it. For the purity of the experiment, you can wait until the water cools down. Then place the second egg in the water. It will float near the surface.

Explanation: It's all about density. The average density of an egg is much greater than that of plain water, so the egg sinks down. A density saline solution higher, and therefore the egg rises upward.

Crystal lollipops

Will need: 2 cups of water, 5 cups of sugar, wooden sticks for mini kebabs, thick paper, transparent glasses, saucepan, food coloring.

Experience: In a quarter glass of water, boil sugar syrup with a couple of tablespoons of sugar. Sprinkle some sugar onto the paper. Then you need to dip the stick in the syrup and collect the sugar with it. Next, distribute them evenly on the stick.

Leave the sticks to dry overnight. In the morning, dissolve 5 cups of sugar in 2 glasses of water over a fire. You can leave the syrup to cool for 15 minutes, but it should not cool too much, otherwise the crystals will not grow. Then pour it into jars and add different food colorings. Place the prepared sticks in a jar of syrup so that they do not touch the walls and bottom of the jar; a clothespin will help with this.

Explanation: As the water cools, the solubility of sugar decreases, and it begins to precipitate and settle on the walls of the vessel and on your stick seeded with sugar grains.

Lighted match

Will be needed: Matches, flashlight.

Experience: Light a match and hold it at a distance of 10-15 centimeters from the wall. Shine a flashlight on the match and you will see that only your hand and the match itself are reflected on the wall. It would seem obvious, but I never thought about it.

Explanation: Fire does not cast shadows because it does not prevent light from passing through it.

Not a single person even slightly familiar with the problems modern education, will not argue about the advantages of the Soviet system. However, it also had certain disadvantages, in particular, in the study of natural science subjects the emphasis was often placed on providing a theoretical component, and practice was relegated to the background. Moreover, any teacher will confirm that The best way To arouse a child’s interest in these subjects is to show some spectacular physical or chemical experiment. This is especially important on initial stage studying such subjects and even long before that. In the second case, a special kit for chemical experiments, which can be used at home, can be a good help for parents. True, when purchasing such a gift, fathers and mothers must understand that they will also have to take part in classes, since such a “toy” in the hands of a child left unattended poses a certain danger.

What is a chemical experiment

First of all, you need to understand what we are talking about. In general, it is generally accepted that a chemical experiment is a manipulation of various organic and inorganic substances in order to establish their properties and reactions in different conditions. If we're talking about about experiments that are carried out with the aim of arousing in the child a desire to study the world, then they should be spectacular and at the same time simple. In addition, it is not recommended to select options that require special security measures.

Where to begin

First of all, you can tell your child that everything that surrounds us, including him own body, consists of various substances that interact. As a result, one can observe various phenomena: both those to which people have long been accustomed and do not pay attention to them, and very unusual ones. In this case, as an example, we can cite rust, which is a consequence of the oxidation of metals, or smoke from a fire, which is a gas released during combustion various items. Next you can start showing simple chemical experiments.

"Egg Float"

A very interesting experiment can be demonstrated using an egg and water solution of hydrochloric acid. To carry it out, you need to take a glass carafe or a wide glass and pour a 5% solution of hydrochloric acid into the bottom. Then you need to lower the egg into it and wait a while.

Soon, bubbles of carbon dioxide will appear on the surface of the eggshell, due to the reaction of hydrochloric acid and calcium carbonate contained in the shell, and lift the egg upward. Having reached the surface, the gas bubbles will burst, and the “load” will again go to the bottom of the dish. The process of lifting and diving of the egg will continue until all the eggshells are dissolved in hydrochloric acid.

"Secret Signs"

Interesting chemical experiments can also be done with sulfuric acid. For example, using a cotton swab dipped in a 20% sulfuric acid solution, draw figures or letters on paper and wait for the liquid to dry. Then the sheet is ironed with a hot iron and watch as black letters begin to appear. This experience will be even more effective if you hold the piece of paper over a candle flame, but this must be done extremely carefully, trying not to set the paper on fire.

"Fire inscription"

The previous experiment can be done differently. To do this, draw the outline of a figure or letter on a sheet of paper with a pencil and prepare a composition consisting of 20 g of KNO 3 dissolved in 15 ml hot water. Then use a brush to saturate the paper along the pencil lines so that there are no gaps left. As soon as the audience is ready and the sheet is dry, you need to bring a burning splinter to the inscription at only one point. A spark will immediately appear and “run” along the contour of the drawing until it reaches the end of the line.

Surely young viewers will be interested in why this effect is achieved. Explain that when heated, potassium nitrate turns into another substance, potassium nitrite, and releases oxygen, which supports combustion.

"Fireproof handkerchief"

Children will certainly be interested in the experience with “fireproof” fabric. To demonstrate it, dissolve 10 g of silicate glue in 100 ml of water and moisten a piece of fabric or handkerchief with the resulting liquid. Then it is squeezed out and, using tweezers, immersed in a container with acetone or gasoline. Immediately set fire to the fabric with a splinter and watch how the flame “devours” the scarf, but it remains intact.

"Blue Bouquet"

Simple chemical experiments can be very spectacular. We suggest you surprise the viewer by using paper flowers, the petals of which should be coated with glue made from natural starch. Then you need to place the bouquet in a jar, add a few drops to the bottom alcohol tincture iodine and close the lid tightly. After a few minutes, a “miracle” will happen: the flowers will turn blue, as iodine vapor will cause the starch to change color.

"Christmas decorations"

An original chemical experience that will give you beautiful jewelry for a mini-Christmas tree, it will work if you use a saturated solution (1:12) of potassium alum KAl(SO 4) 2 with the addition of copper sulfate CuSO 4 (1:5).

First you need to make a figurine frame out of wire, wrap it with white woolen threads and dip them into a pre-prepared mixture. In a week or two, crystals will grow on the workpiece, which should be coated with varnish so that they do not crumble.

"Volcanoes"

A very effective chemical experiment can be achieved if you take a plate, plasticine, baking soda, table vinegar, red dye and dishwashing liquid. Next you need to do the following:

• divide a piece of plasticine into two parts;
• roll one into a flat pancake, and from the second mold a hollow cone, at the top of which you need to leave a hole;
• place the cone on a plasticine base and connect it so that the “volcano” does not allow water to pass through;
• place the structure on a tray;
• pour “lava” consisting of 1 tbsp. l. baking soda and a few drops of liquid food coloring;
• When the audience is ready, pour vinegar into the “mouth” and watch the violent reaction, during which carbon dioxide is released and red foam flows out of the volcano.

As you can see, home chemical experiments can be very diverse, and all of them will interest not only children, but also adults.