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OGE training tasks in physics. Demonstration versions of the OGE in physics (grade 9)

Preparation for the OGE and the Unified State Exam

Line UMK A.V. Peryshkin. Physics (7-9)

Preparing for the OGE in physics: task No. 23

In the 9th grade, schoolchildren first encounter compulsory state exams. What does this mean for a teacher? Firstly, the task is to prepare children for intensive preparation for certification work. But the most important thing: not just to give complete knowledge on your subject, but to explain what kind of tasks have to be completed, analyze typical examples, errors and give students all the tools to successful completion exam.

When preparing for the OGE, experimental task No. 23 raises the most questions. It is the most difficult, so it takes the most time - 30 minutes. And for its successful completion you can get the most points - 4. This task begins the second part of the work. If we look into the codifier, we will see that the controlled elements of content here are mechanical and electromagnetism phenomena. Students must demonstrate ability to work with physical instruments and measuring instruments.

There are 8 standard sets of equipment that may be needed for the exam. Which ones will be used becomes known a few days before the exam, so it is advisable to conduct additional training before the exam with those tools that will be used; Be sure to repeat how to take readings from instruments. If the exam is held on the territory of another school, the teacher can visit there in advance to view the kits ready for use. A teacher preparing instruments for an exam should pay attention to their serviceability, especially those subject to wear. For example, using old battery may lead to the student simply not being able to set the required current strength.

It is necessary to check whether the devices match the specified values. If they do not match, then in special forms indicate true values, and not those recorded in official sets.

The teacher responsible for conducting the exam may be assisted by a technical specialist. He also monitors compliance with safety precautions during the exam and can intervene in the progress of the task. Students should be reminded that if they notice any malfunction of any equipment while doing a task, they should report it immediately.

There are three types of experimental tasks found in the physics exam.

Type 1. “Indirect measurements of physical quantities.” Includes 12 topics:

Density of matter
Archimedes' force
Sliding friction coefficient
Spring stiffness
Period and frequency of oscillations of a mathematical pendulum
Moment of force acting on the lever
Work elastic force when lifting a load using a movable or stationary block
Work of friction force
Optical power converging lens
Electrical resistance resistor
Work of electric current
Electric current power.

Type 2. “Presenting experimental results in the form of tables or graphs and formulating a conclusion based on the experimental data obtained.” Includes 5 topics:

Dependence of the elastic force arising in the spring on the degree of deformation of the spring
Dependence of the oscillation period of a mathematical pendulum on the length of the thread
Dependence of the current strength arising in the conductor on the voltage at the ends of the conductor
Dependence of sliding friction force on force normal pressure
Properties of an image obtained using a converging lens

Type 3. “Experimental verification of physical laws and consequences.” Includes 2 topics:

Law of series connection of resistors for electrical voltage
Law parallel connection resistors for electric current

Preparing for the OGE in physics: tips for students

It is important to very accurately write down everything that the rules require on the answer form. When checking your work, it is worth looking again to see if anything is missing: a schematic drawing, a formula for calculating the required value, the results of direct measurements, calculations, the numerical value of the desired value, conclusion, etc., depending on the conditions. The absence of at least one indicator will result in a decrease in score.
For additional measurements entered into the form, the score is not reduced.
Drawings must be done very carefully; sloppy diagrams will also take away points. It is important to learn to control the indication of all units of measurement
When writing down the answer, the student should not indicate the error, but it is worth conveying to him the information that the examiner has criteria and the correct answer already contains the boundaries of the interval within which the correct result may be.

Preparation for the exam in general and for the experimental task in particular cannot be spontaneous. Without constantly developing skills in working with laboratory equipment, it is almost impossible to complete tasks. Therefore, teachers are recommended to familiarize themselves with demo versions of the exam paper and analyze typical problems during laboratory tests.

You can see a detailed analysis of all types of tasks inwebinar

State final certification 2019 in physics for 9th grade graduates educational institutions is carried out to assess the level of general education training of graduates in this discipline. The tasks test knowledge of the following sections of physics:

Physical concepts. Physical quantities, their units and measuring instruments.
Mechanical movement. Uniform and uniformly accelerated motion. Free fall. Circular movement. Mechanical vibrations and waves.
Newton's laws. Forces in nature.
Law of conservation of momentum. Law of energy conservation. Mechanical work and power. Simple mechanisms.
Pressure. Pascal's law. Archimedes' law. Density of matter.
Physical phenomena and laws in mechanics. Process analysis.
Mechanical phenomena.
Thermal phenomena.
Physical phenomena and laws. Process analysis.
Electrification of bodies.
D.C.
A magnetic field. Electromagnetic induction.
Electromagnetic oscillations and waves. Optics elements.
Physical phenomena and laws in electrodynamics. Process analysis.
Electromagnetic phenomena.
Radioactivity. Rutherford's experiments. Composition of the atomic nucleus. Nuclear reactions.
Possession of basic knowledge about methods of scientific knowledge.

Dates for passing the OGE in physics 2019:
June 11 (Tuesday), June 14 (Friday).

There are no changes in the structure and content of the 2019 examination paper compared to 2018.

In this section you will find online tests that will help you prepare for passing the OGE(GIA) in physics. We wish you success!

The standard OGE test (GIA-9) of the 2019 format in physics consists of two parts. The first part contains 21 tasks with a short answer, the second part contains 4 tasks with a detailed answer. In this regard, only the first part (i.e. 21 tasks) is presented in this test. According to the current exam structure, among these tasks, answer options are offered only in 16. However, for the convenience of passing tests, the site administration decided to offer answer options in all tasks. But for tasks in which the compilers of real test and measurement materials (CMMs) do not provide answer options, the number of answer options has been significantly increased in order to bring our test as close as possible to what you will have to face at the end of the school year.

The standard OGE test (GIA-9) of the 2018 format in physics consists of two parts. The first part contains 21 tasks with a short answer, the second part contains 4 tasks with a detailed answer. In this regard, only the first part (i.e. 21 tasks) is presented in this test. According to the current exam structure, among these tasks, answer options are offered only in 16. However, for the convenience of passing tests, the site administration decided to offer answer options in all tasks. But for tasks in which the compilers of real test and measurement materials (CMMs) do not provide answer options, the number of answer options has been significantly increased in order to bring our test as close as possible to what you will have to face at the end of the school year.

The standard OGE test (GIA-9) of the 2017 format in physics consists of two parts. The first part contains 21 tasks with a short answer, the second part contains 4 tasks with a detailed answer. In this regard, only the first part (i.e. 21 tasks) is presented in this test. According to the current exam structure, among these tasks, answer options are offered only in 16. However, for the convenience of passing tests, the site administration decided to offer answer options in all tasks. But for tasks in which the compilers of real test and measurement materials (CMMs) do not provide answer options, the number of answer options has been significantly increased in order to bring our test as close as possible to what you will have to face at the end of the school year.

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one correct answer

Below is reference information that you may need when performing work:
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There are 18 questions in the test, you only need to choose one correct answer

The development collects and generalizes experience in solving problems proposed at the OGE in physics in grade 9, within the framework of the “kinematics” section. rectilinear movement". The author tried to develop a small course in which, using the example of analyzing basic simple tasks understanding is formed general principle solutions to tasks on this topic. Development contains 19 unique tasks from detailed analysis each, and several methods of solving some problems are indicated, which, in the author’s opinion, should contribute to a deep and complete assimilation of methods for solving such tasks. Almost all tasks are authored, but each of them reflects the features of the tasks of the OGE form. The vast majority of tasks are focused on graphical representation, which contributes to the formation of meta-subject skills. In addition, the development contains the minimum necessary theoretical material, which represents a “concentration” general theory under this section. It can be used by a teacher in preparation for a regular lesson, during additional classes, and is also designed for a student who is independently preparing to take the OGE in physics.

Toolkit(presentation) “Electromagnetic oscillations and waves. Preparation for the State Examination" was compiled in accordance with the requirements for the State Final Certification (SFA) in Physics 2013 and is intended to prepare secondary school graduates for the exam.
In development brief information on the topic (in accordance with the GIA codifier) and the Plan of the demonstration version of the examination paper (Electromagnetic oscillations and waves), accompanied by animation and video clips.

Target audience: for 9th grade

Methodological manual (presentation) “Air humidity. Preparation for the State Examination" was compiled in accordance with the requirements for the State Final Certification (SFA) in Physics 2010 and is intended to prepare secondary school graduates for the exam.
The development provides brief information on the topic (in accordance with the GIA codifier) and a Plan for the demonstration version of the examination paper (Air Humidity), accompanied by animation and video clips.

Methodological manual (presentation) “Evaporation and condensation. Boiling liquid. Preparation for the State Examination" was compiled in accordance with the requirements for the State Final Certification (SFA) in Physics 2010 and is intended to prepare secondary school graduates for the exam.
The development provides brief information on the topic (in accordance with the GIA codifier) and a Plan for the demonstration version of the examination paper (Evaporation and condensation. Liquid boiling), accompanied by animation and video clips.
The brevity and clarity of the presentation allows you to quickly and efficiently repeat the material covered when repeating a physics course in the 9th grade, as well as using examples of demo versions of the State Academic Examination in Physics from 2008-2010 to show the application of basic laws and formulas in versions of exam tasks at levels A and B.
The manual can also be used for grades 10-11 when repeating relevant topics, which will help guide students for an elective exam in their final years.

The development provides brief information on the topic (in accordance with the GIA codifier) and a Plan for the demonstration version of the examination paper (Mechanical vibrations and waves. Sound), accompanied by animation and video clips.
The brevity and clarity of the presentation allows you to quickly and efficiently repeat the material covered when repeating a physics course in the 9th grade, as well as using examples of demo versions of the State Academic Examination in Physics from 2008-2010 to show the application of basic laws and formulas in versions of exam tasks at levels A and B.

The methodological manual has been compiled to help teachers and students taking the State Examination in Physics based on FIPI materials to prepare for the exam in new form; contains examples of the design of experimental tasks from part 3. The manual can also be used in physics lessons in grades 7–9 for laboratory work, because descriptions of some laboratory work are not given in the textbook.

Methodological manual (presentation) “Archimedes' Law. Preparation for the State Examination" was compiled in accordance with the requirements for the State Final Certification (SFA) in Physics 2010 and is intended to prepare secondary school graduates for the exam.
The development provides brief information on the topic (in accordance with the GIA codifier) and a Plan for the demonstration version of the examination paper (Archimedes' Law), accompanied by animation and video clips.
The brevity and clarity of the presentation allows you to quickly and efficiently repeat the material covered when repeating a physics course in the 9th grade, as well as using examples of demo versions of the State Academic Examination in Physics from 2008-2010 to show the application of basic laws and formulas in versions of exam tasks at levels A and B.

The manual can also be used for grades 10-11 when repeating relevant topics, which will help guide students for an elective exam in their final years.

Methodological manual (presentation) “Pascal’s Law. Preparation for the State Examination" was compiled in accordance with the requirements for the State Final Certification (SFA) in Physics 2010 and is intended to prepare secondary school graduates for the exam.
The development provides brief information on the topic (in accordance with the GIA codifier) and a Plan for the demonstration version of the examination paper (Pascal's Law), accompanied by animation and video clips.

The brevity and clarity of the presentation allows you to quickly and efficiently repeat the material covered when repeating a physics course in the 9th grade, as well as using examples of demo versions of the State Academic Examination in Physics from 2008-2010 to show the application of basic laws and formulas in versions of exam tasks at levels A and B.

Methodological manual (presentation) “Pressure. Atmosphere pressure. Preparation for the State Examination" was compiled in accordance with the requirements for the State Final Certification (SFA) in Physics 2010 and is intended to prepare secondary school graduates for the exam.
The development provides brief information on the topic (in accordance with the GIA codifier) and a Plan for the demonstration version of the examination paper (Pressure. Atmospheric pressure), accompanied by animation and video clips.
The brevity and clarity of the presentation allows you to quickly and efficiently repeat the material covered when repeating a physics course in the 9th grade, as well as using examples of demo versions of the State Academic Examination in Physics from 2008-2010 to show the application of basic laws and formulas in versions of exam tasks at levels A and B.
The manual can also be used for grades 10-11 when repeating relevant topics, which will help guide students for an elective exam in their final years.

Methodological manual (presentation) “Simple mechanisms. Efficiency of simple mechanisms. Preparation for the State Examination" was compiled in accordance with the requirements for the State Final Certification (SFA) in Physics 2010 and is intended to prepare secondary school graduates for the exam.
The development provides brief information on the topic (in accordance with the GIA codifier) and a Plan for the demonstration version of the examination paper (Simple mechanisms. Efficiency of simple mechanisms), accompanied by animation and video clips.

This page contains demonstration OGE options in physics for grade 9 for 2009 - 2019.

Demo options OGE in physics contain two types of tasks: tasks where you need to give a short answer, and tasks where you need to give a detailed answer.

To all tasks of all demonstration versions of the OGE in physics answers are given, and tasks with a detailed answer are provided detailed solutions and assessment guidelines.

To complete some tasks, you need to assemble an experimental setup based on standard kits for front-line work in physics. We also post a list of necessary laboratory equipment.

IN demo version of the 2019 OGE in physics compared to the 2018 demo version no changes.

Demo versions of the OGE in physics

Note that demo versions of the OGE in physics are presented in pdf format, and to view them you must have, for example, the free Adobe Reader software package installed on your computer.

Demo version of the OGE in physics for 2009

Demo version of the OGE in physics for 2010

Demo version of the OGE in physics for 2011

Demo version of the OGE in physics for 2012

Demo version of the OGE in physics for 2013

Demo version of the OGE in physics for 2014

Demo version of the OGE in physics for 2015

Demo version of the OGE in physics for 2016

Demo version of the OGE in physics for 2017

Demo version of the OGE in physics for 2018

Demo version of the OGE in physics for 2019

List of laboratory equipment

Scale for recalculating the primary score for completing the examination work
to a mark on a five-point scale

scale for recalculating the primary score for completing the 2018 examination paper into a mark on a five-point scale;
a scale for recalculating the primary score for completing the 2017 examination paper into a mark on a five-point scale;
scale for recalculating the primary score for completing the 2016 examination paper into a mark on a five-point scale.
scale for recalculating the primary score for completing the 2015 examination paper into a mark on a five-point scale.
scale for recalculating the primary score for completing the 2014 examination paper into a mark on a five-point scale.
scale for recalculating the primary score for completing the 2013 examination paper into a mark on a five-point scale.

Changes in physics demos

Demonstration versions of the OGE in physics 2009 - 2014 consisted of 3 parts: tasks with a choice of answers, tasks with a short answer, tasks with a detailed answer.

In 2013 in demo version of the OGE in physics the following were introduced changes:

was Added task 8 with multiple choice- for thermal effects,
was added task 23 with short answer– to understand and analyze experimental data presented in the form of a table, graph or figure (diagram),
was the number of tasks with a detailed answer has been increased to five: to the four tasks with a detailed answer of part 3, task 19 of part 1 was added - on the application of information from the text of physical content.

In 2014 demo version of the OGE in physics 2014 in relation to the previous year in structure and content did not change, however, there were criteria changed grading tasks with a detailed answer.

In 2015 there was variant structure changed:

The option became consist of two parts.
Numbering tasks became through throughout the entire version without letter designations A, B, C.
The form for recording the answer in tasks with a choice of answers has been changed: the answer now needs to be written down number with the number of the correct answer(not circled).

In 2016 in demo version of the OGE in physics happened significant changes:

Total number of jobs reduced to 26.
Number of short answer questions increased to 8
Maximum score for all the work did not change(still - 40 points).

IN demo versions of the OGE 2017 - 2019 in physics compared to demo version 2016 there were no changes.

For students in grades 8 and 9 who want to prepare well and pass OGE in mathematics or Russian language for a high score, The educational center"Resolventa" conducts

We also organize for schoolchildren

Tasks. There are 26 tasks in the OGE in physics.

1–22 → problems with short answers. In the appropriate field on the form you need to enter the option number, answer, or fill out a small table for compliance.

23–26 → problems with detailed answers. Not only do you need to write down final result your reasoning and calculations, but also the entire course of solving the problem.

The main sections of physics that are tested on the OGE:

Mechanical phenomena
Thermal phenomena
Electromagnetic phenomena
Quantum phenomena

Time. The exam lasts 180 minutes. To solve one problem basic level difficulty from the first part takes 2–5 minutes, higher level complexity - up to 15 minutes.

Problems with a detailed answer from the second part take the longest to solve:

Task 23, experiment → 30 minutes

Task 22, qualitative task → 15 minutes

Tasks 25 and 26 → 20 minutes each

Allocate your time during the exam so that you have time to check all the answers and, without rushing, transfer them to the final paper - allow at least 15 minutes for this.

How work is evaluated

1 point → tasks 2–5, 7, 8, 10–14, 16–18, 20–22

2 points → tasks 1, 6, 9, 15 and 19. The maximum score will be given if both elements of the answer are correct. If one mistake is made, you will receive 1 point.

2–4 points → problems with a detailed answer. The maximum score is given for experimental task 23. These tasks are assessed by two experts: they assign points independently of each other. If their estimates differ significantly, the work is checked by a third expert. His scores are considered final.

The maximum score you can get on the OGE in physics is 40 points. They are translated into a rating on a five-point scale.

10–19 points → “3”

20–30 points → “4”

from 31 points → “5”

What is tested in the exam

All exam requirements are listed in the 2019 specification. Familiarize yourself with it so you have a clear idea of what topics will be covered in the exam.

The OGE tests how well you:

Know basic physical concepts, quantities and phenomena
Know how to apply physical laws
Possess basic knowledge of methods of scientific knowledge
You know how to conduct experiments
Understand physical texts and can extract information from them
Solving problems different types and difficulty level

Let's look at a few examples of problems on these topics.

Analysis of problems

Physical laws - problem 7

Let’s take a task on knowledge of the law of conservation of energy: “In an isolated system, energy can only be converted from one form to another, but its quantity remains constant.”

How to decide

Answer:−204 J. In this problem the answer is negative. When the action force and the resistance force are directed in different directions, the work done by the resistance force is always negative and is indicated by a minus sign. If you do not put a minus sign, the answer will not be counted.

Physical phenomena - task 6

To solve the problem, you need to look at the picture to establish the truth or falsity of all five statements.

How to decide

Answer: 2, 4.

What to pay attention to. In problems where you have to choose two options out of five, always check all five options. Then you will be absolutely sure that you have found the two correct answer options.

Methods of scientific knowledge - tasks 18 and 19

It is necessary to analyze the results of experiments, expressed in the form of a table or graph, and correlate the results obtained with the statements given in the problem.

How to decide

We know that when climbing a mountain, atmospheric pressure drops, and when immersed in water, it increases. However, in in this case The design of the bathysphere is sealed and constant pressure is maintained inside it. Therefore, only option 1 is correct: to prove that the boiling point of water depends on atmospheric pressure, you only need to carry out experiment A.

Answer: 1.

How to decide

✔️ The first statement is true. The bottom of the vessels changed shape under the influence of liquid, which means we can draw this conclusion from this experiment.

✔️ The second statement is correct. Indeed, different liquids cause the bottom to sag more or less.

❌ The third statement is incorrect. To check it, you need to take vessels different shapes, but our vessels are the same.

❌ The fourth statement is incorrect. To check it, you need different heights of the liquid column, which we don’t have.

❌ The fifth statement is incorrect. This is Pascal's law, and it is confirmed by completely different experiments.

Answer: 1, 2.

What to pay attention to. In this problem, you need to find not correct statements, but precisely those that directly follow from the experiment given in the problem. Moreover, from the point of view of physics, all five statements may be true, but only two conclusions can be drawn based on the observations presented, without involving additional data.

Experiment - task 23

How to decide

1. Draw a diagram of the electrical network.

Answer: 5 ohms.

What to pay attention to. Hints about the progress of the solution are contained in the task itself.

Answer: 5 ohms.

Evaluation criteria. To get 4 points for problem 23, you need to clearly and clearly describe all four points.

You'll get only 3 points→ if everything is correct, but

Incorrectly calculated the answer
The unit of measurement was entered incorrectly
The diagram was drawn with an error or not drawn at all
They did not provide a formula for calculating the required value

You'll get only 2 points→ if the measurements were taken correctly, but

They did not provide a formula for calculating the required value and did not receive an answer
They did not give an answer and a diagram of the experimental setup
They didn’t draw a diagram and didn’t provide a formula for calculating the required value

You'll get only 1 point→ if

Provided the correct values of direct measurements
Only one was given the correct value direct measurement and formula for calculation
They gave the correct value of only one direct measurement and drew the diagram correctly

Understanding physical texts - tasks 20 and 22

You need to correctly understand the meaning of the terms given in the text and answer questions about the content of the text. In this case, you need to be able to compare information from different parts text and apply it in other situations, as well as translate information from one sign system to another.

Usually, to solve these problems it is enough to be able to read and understand the text, additional knowledge may not be needed at all.

How to decide

❌ Statement A talks about any body, and the text talks about rocks, which means statement A is false.

✔️ The “small permanent magnets” in statement B correspond to the “miniature magnetic needles” in the text, so statement B is correct.

Answer: 2.

How to decide

The text says that the field did not change for 700 thousand years. However, the text does not contain any information about the frequency with which the field changed.

Conclusion: no, such a conclusion cannot be drawn.

Answer: the statement is incorrect.

Tasks of different types and levels of difficulty

Short answer problems - 3 and 10

How to decide

In this case, it is important to pay attention to the key point in the condition - the words “between the table and the book.” The correct answer to the problem is 2. In other cases, the figure shows forces acting either only on the book, or only on the table, or on the book and table together, but not between them.

Answer: 2.

How to decide

Answer: it is asked to be expressed in grams, so 200 grams.

What to pay attention to

Read the conditions carefully
Write down all numbers as indicated in reference materials
Always convert all quantities to the SI system (meter, kilogram, second, ampere, kelvin)
Write down not only the number, but also the designation of the physical quantity

Long answer problem - 25

How to decide

Answer: 25 meters.

What to pay attention to

Be sure to write down a brief condition - what is given to you
Enter all quantities into “given”. Even those that are not mentioned in the problem, but which you will use
All quantities must be in the same units of measurement (SI)
Explain the introduction of all new quantities
Drawings and diagrams must be clear and reflect the conditions of the task
Write down your every action
Always write the word "answer"

Evaluation criteria

To get 3 points for problem 25, you must correctly write down the brief condition of the problem, provide equations and formulas necessary and sufficient to solve the problem, correctly perform all mathematical transformations and calculations, and indicate the correct answer.

You'll get only 2 points→ if everything is correct, but