Russian folk tales. Civics lesson "The Wisdom of a Folk Tale" (1st grade)
The fairy tale is a lie, but there is a hint in it,
good fellow - Lesson.
Russian folk tales. There is so much soulful magical simplicity, tenderness and affection in them. How many pearls of folk wisdom sparkle in ornate lines and gentle melodies:
“On the sea, on Okiyan, on the island of Buyan there is an oak tree. Under that oak tree stands the Rakitov bush, under that bush lies the white stone Alatyr; on that stone lies a rune, under that rune lies a snake....”
Every fairy tale is replete with bright, original, poetic images - a storehouse of folk wisdom.
The reality of other, Subtle worlds finds a mirror reflection in fairy tales. Take, for example, the tale of the Copper, Silver and Golden Kingdoms. Ivan Tsarevich goes in search of his mother to the other world, the Underworld. He walked and walked and first he came to the Copper Kingdom. He meets the princess of the Copper Kingdom there, and she asks him where you are going.
-I'm going to look for my mother.
The princess says to him:
- Your mother is with Voron-Voronovich, go to mine middle sister, whatever she tells you, here's a ball for you.
And Ivan Tsarevich went to the Silver Kingdom and there he met his middle sister, the princess. She also gave him a ball and directed him to her eldest sister, the princess of the Golden Kingdom. Ivan Tsarevich came to the Golden Kingdom, to his elder sister-princess - indescribable beauty.
The princess sent him to the kingdom of pearls, where his mother was languishing, and told him what to do there. In the pearl kingdom, he saw his mother and Voron-Voronovich, fell on his wings, and they flew up to the very heavens. Raven carried and carried it, and then asked:
- What do you want, Ivan Tsarevich?
And he answers him:
- Give me a feather staff.
The raven gave it to him, and he flew away.
Ivan Tsarevich returned to the kingdom of pearls for his mother and the two of them went back. He looks - the pearl kingdom has curled up into a ball and rolled off. The same thing happened with all the other kingdoms - they all curled up. In another version of the fairy tale, instead of balls, the princesses give the hero an egg, each of which contains one kingdom. Hidden under the symbol of the egg is no less than a model of our Universe. Most myths represent the original creation (universe) in the form of an egg, from which the material world subsequently emerges. The Vedas also tell us this. Hence, the egg is an ideal prototype of our world. In fact, we all hatched from a universal “egg” - the embryo of the future Universe. We see a reflection of a similar scheme of creation in the famous fairy tale about the Ryaba Hen. Here the egg also plays a leading role along with the divine bird. The Ryaba hen is an ancient Indian Kalahans bird that lays the World Egg. From this Egg our entire world subsequently emerges.
Motives for the creation of the world are also present in another famous Russian fairy tale, “The Frog Princess.” The heroine Vasilisa the Beautiful embroiders a miracle carpet:
She sews and embroiders
Three tricky patterns:
How I embroidered the first pattern
She's the red sun
With clear rays
With warm heating.
How I embroidered another pattern
She's a bright month
With small stars,
And I embroidered the third pattern
She is the entire subuniverse.
In a word, the heroine imitates the process of creation of the world with her embroidery. Remember how our reality was created by the great Ra-M-Khoy. The process of weaving, spinning and needlework in all fairy tales is, in one way or another, connected with the motif of world creation, that is, it bears sacred divine features. This process is reflected in the creation of Vasilisa the Beautiful tablecloth, shirt or miracle carpet. Moreover, Vasilisa does not embroider during the day, but at night, in the dark. In this action one can trace the motive of the birth of light from darkness, a harmonious, ordered universe from chaos.
The heroine completes her work without fail by morning. When dawn breaks, she has everything ready. In this case, Vasilisa the Beautiful is associated with the divine Mother Nature, acts as a creator goddess, the Mother of the World in her highest aspect. The work created by her is always perfect and beautiful, distinguished by fabulous beauty. Her creations are of indescribable beauty, “the kind that cannot be said in a fairy tale or described with a pen”
. Whatever she touches, she brings harmony, order and beauty to everything.
Before us is a fairy-tale bride - a needlewoman and a jack of all trades. This ideal is also reflected in wedding folk poetry, ritual songs and lamentations.
How can one not recall the legend that our planet also has its own divine Creator. But He was not the only one who built and inhabited our Earth. The Great Mother also worked with Him.
Two divine Principles stand at the origins of Life in the Universe. This is Father and Mother. Just as two people, an earthly mother and father, together give life to an unborn child, so in the Cosmos the Cosmic Mother and Father work together on the creation of a new world. The world is their divine child, their son, and all people are also their children. So, each of us has our own Heavenly Mother and Father. It was they who created our planet and breathed life into it, populating it with various forms of life and the kingdoms of Nature. The Lord and Lady Created rivers and mountains, lakes and seas, flowering valleys and stormy waterfalls, populated the forests with birds and animals, and created man in His own image and likeness. Two Great Principles were involved in this. God and Goddess, Mother and Father, Creator and Mother of the World. When man appeared on Earth, Great Mother She gave people wise laws, sciences, crafts and arts.
So every woman in her potential is a future goddess, Mother of the World. It was said long ago: “You are gods.” So says the legend, which has a very real basis.
Every fairy tale is a poeticized truth and reality. If you think deeper into the story, you can find in every fairy tale features of other, otherworldly worlds, where all miracles are easily accomplished with the help of thought. Each fairy tale is a living reality of the Subtle World. An invisibility hat, a flying carpet, a treasure sword, a samogud harp, rejuvenating apples, a golden spindle whorl with a silver spindle, a self-assembled tablecloth: all these magical objects are indispensable attributes of the inhabitants of the subtle worlds.
Let's look at the epigraph to this article - “The fairy tale is a lie, but there is a hint in it, a lesson for good fellows”
. The meaning of the word LIE in the sense of untruth is firmly rooted in the consciousness of modern Russian people, but initially it had a different meaning. Which? Let us turn to the images of the Beeches of this word:
L- Community; unification of peace-minded people;
ABOUT- Connect the unknown with what we want to know;
AND- Life is multifaceted;
b
- Existing life, given by God.
Combining, we get:
LIE - Community, the unknown, connecting multifaceted life with knowledge
existing life, given by God.
Notice how strikingly different the modern meaning of the word LIE is from its original, original meaning. In fact, the original meaning of this word completely characterizes the content of any fairy tale, tale, in which there is always a connection between a multifaceted life and an existing one. So what LESSON will the good fellow receive when reading a fairy tale?
U- call, message;
R- speech, saying, flow;
ABOUT- connect the unknown with what we want to know;
TO- unification of man with the Universe.
LESSON - a message about connecting the unknown
through the unification of man with the Universe.
And this LESSON fully characterizes the content of fairy tales that begin or end with the words “The fairy tale is a lie, but there is a hint in it, a lesson for good fellows.”
And yet, why is the word “lie” applied to the Tales in the modern understanding of its meaning? The fact is that a Fairy Tale is really a Lie, but only for the Explicit, Manifested World, in which our consciousness now resides. For other Worlds: Navi, Slavi, Pravi, the same fairy-tale characters, their interaction, are true. If a Fairy Tale evokes some Images in your imagination, it means that these Images came from somewhere before your imagination gave them to you. There is no fantasy divorced from reality. All fantasy is as real as our real life. Our subconscious, reacting to the signals of the second signaling system (by word), “pulls out” Images from the collective field - one of the billions of realities among which we live.
If there is no component of the Image, nothing will be imagined. For example, this is a fabulous Image:
"Go there, no one knows where,
Bring That, I don’t know What.”
Can your imagination imagine anything like this? - For the time being, no. Although, our Many-Wise Ancestors had a completely adequate answer to this question. This answer has always been found main character fairy tales.
It turns out that not only fairy tales were taught such a Lesson. This instruction was received by every descendant from the Clans of the Holy Race that ascended the Golden Path Spiritual Development(in particular, mastering the Steps of Faith - the “science of imagery”).
A person begins the Second Lesson of the First Stage of Faith by looking inside himself to see all the diversity of colors and sounds within himself, as well as to experience the Ancient Ancestral Wisdom that he received at his birth on Midgard-Earth. The key to this great storehouse of Wisdom is known to every person from the Clans of the Great Race; it is contained in the ancient instruction:
Go There, not knowing Where,
Find out what is unknown to you.
This Slavic Lesson is echoed by more than one folk wisdom world:
Looking for wisdom outside of yourself is the height of stupidity . (Ch'an saying)
Look inside yourself and you will discover the whole world. (Indian wisdom)
I have always been surprised by the complete senselessness of the fairy tale KOLOBOK. I read it, as they say, up and down in search of meaning, but I never found it. I mean a version of the fairy tale about a kolobok who escaped unharmed from his grandfather and grandmother, and from the hare, and from the wolf, and from the bear. But he made a mistake with the fox. Apart from the fox's cunning, no other thought is visible.
Let's look at the etymology of the word KOLOBOK. Let's write it in the form COLO - BOK. But KOLO in Old Slavic it means rotation, torsion. It turns out that the KOLOBOK is characterized by rotation, and the rotation is such that it is always turned sideways towards the observer, with one side. Doesn't remind you of anything? Of course the Moon-Month. I found a more ancient, original version of this tale. I'll bring him.
KOLOBOK
Asked Ras Deva:
- Bake me a Kolobok.
The Virgin swept the barns of Svarog, scraped the bottom of the barrel and baked Kolobok.
Kolobok rolled along the Path. It rolls and rolls, and the Swan meets him:
And he plucked a piece from Kolobok with his beak.
Kolobok rolls on. Towards him - Raven:
- Kolobok-Kolobok, I will eat you!
He pecked Kolobok's barrel and ate another piece.
Kolobok rolled further along the Path. Here the Bear meets him:
- Kolobok-Kolobok, I will eat you!
He grabbed Kolobok across the stomach, crushed his sides, and forcibly took Kolobok’s legs away from the Bear.
Kolobok is rolling, rolling along the Svarog Path, and then the Wolf meets him:
- Kolobok-Kolobok, I will eat you!
He grabbed Kolobok with his teeth and barely rolled away from the Wolf. But his Path is not over yet.
He rolls on: a very small piece of Kolobok remains. And then the Fox comes out to meet Kolobok:
- Kolobok-Kolobok, I will eat you!
“Don’t eat me, Foxy,” was all Kolobok managed to say, and the Fox said “am” and ate him whole.
A fairy tale, familiar to everyone since childhood, takes on a completely different meaning and a much deeper essence when we discover the Wisdom of the Ancestors.
Among the Slavs, Kolobok has never been a pie, a bun, or “almost a cheesecake,” as they say in modern fairy tales and cartoons, the most varied baked goods that are passed off to us as Kolobok. People's thought is much more figurative and sacred than they try to imagine. Kolobok is a metaphor, like almost all images of heroes of Russian fairy tales. It is not for nothing that the Russian people were famous everywhere for their imaginative thinking.
The Tale of Kolobok is an astronomical observation of the Ancestors over the movement of the Moon across the sky: from the full moon (in the Hall of the Race) to the new moon (the Hall of the Fox). Kolobok's "kneading" - the full moon, in this tale, takes place in the Hall of Virgo and Ras (roughly corresponds to the modern constellations Virgo and Leo). Further, starting from the Hall of the Boar, the Month begins to decline, i.e. each of the encountered Halls (Swan, Raven, Bear, Wolf) “eats” part of the Month. By the Fox's Hall there is nothing left from Kolobok - Midgard-Earth (in modern terms - planet Earth) completely covers the Moon from the Sun.
We find confirmation of precisely this interpretation of Kolobok in Russian folk riddles(from the collection of V. Dahl):
Blue scarf, red bun: rolls around on the scarf, grins at people.
- This is about Heaven and Yarilo-Sun. I wonder how modern fairy-tale remakes would portray the red Kolobok? Did you mix blush into the dough?
A couple more riddles for the kids:
A white-headed cow looks into the gateway . (Month)
He was young - he looked like a fine fellow, in his old age he became tired - he began to fade, a new one was born - he became cheerful again. (Month)
The spinner, the golden bobbin, is spinning, no one can get it: neither the king, nor the queen, nor the red maiden. (Sun)
Who is the richest in the world? (Earth)
It should be borne in mind that Slavic constellations do not correspond exactly to modern constellations. In the Slavic Circle there are 16 Halls (constellations), and they had different configurations than the modern 12 Zodiac Signs.
The palace of Ras (the cat family) can roughly be correlated with zodiac sign Leo.
Everyone probably remembers the text of the fairy tale from childhood. Let us analyze the esotericism of the fairy tale and those gross distortions of imagery and logic that were imposed on us. Many researchers have drawn attention to the fact that the fairy tale describes an incomplete family and supposedly this distorts the meaning of the fairy tale.
and that from childhood the idea is instilled that an incomplete family is normal, “everyone lives like that.” Only grandparents raise children. Even in full family It has become a tradition to “hand over” a child to be raised by old people. Perhaps this tradition was established during serfdom, as a necessity. But this is only a superficial judgment. For example, the disclosure of the image of this fairy tale in the study of A.A. Suslova "MYTHOLOGICAL IMAGES OF THE SPACE OF THE RUSSIAN FAIRY TALE". Cultural studies and art history No. 1(5) 2012.
The two most important heroes for the child, father and mother, are missing. Let's consider what Images make up the essence of the fairy tale, and what exactly was removed from the fairy tale on the symbolic plane. So, characters:
1) Turnip - symbolizes the Roots of the Family. It was planted by the Ancestor, the Most Ancient and Wise. Without him, there would be no Turnip, and no joint, joyful work for the benefit of the Family. (Only the author forgot for a moment that who would encroach on the roots of the Rod?)
2) Grandfather - symbolizes Ancient Wisdom
3) Grandma - Tradition, Home
4) The Father - the protection and support of the Family - was removed from the fairy tale along with its figurative meaning
5) Mother - Love and Care - removed from the fairy tale
6) Granddaughter (daughter) - Offspring, continuation of the Family
7) Zhuchka - protection of wealth in the Family
8) Cat - blissful atmosphere at home
9) Mouse - symbolizes the well-being of the House. Mice only appear where there is an abundance, where every crumb is not counted.
These figurative meanings are interconnected, like a nesting doll - one without the other no longer has meaning and completeness.
Many will tell me that times are no better now, because... democracy is the same slave system. "Demos", in Greek, is not just "the people", but a wealthy people, the "top" of society, "kratos" - "power". So it turns out that democracy is the power of the ruling elite, i.e. the same slavery, only having in modern political system erased manifestation. In addition, religion is also the power of the elite for the people, and is also actively involved in the education of the flock (that is, the herd), for its own and the state elite.
What do we bring up in children by telling them fairy tales to someone else’s tune? Do we continue to “prepare” more and more serfs for the demos? Or the servants of God?
From an esoteric point of view, what picture appears in the modern "Turnip"? - The line of generations is interrupted, joint good work is disrupted, there is a total destruction of the harmony of the Family, the Family, the well-being and joy of family relationships. What kind of people grow up in dysfunctional families?.. And this is what recent fairy tales teach us.
This is, so to speak, the revelation of fairy tale images through politics, and this version is only suitable for an adult, politicized person. Is this necessary for a child, especially one who has not reached the naming age (12 years)? Maybe the meaning of the fairy tale is completely different? Let's remember the main characters of this fairy tale:
R epka, D ed, B abka, IN little girl, WITH obaka AND little girl, TO oshka, M yshka.
I specifically highlighted the initial letters of the main characters. Let’s turn to the images that these Bukovs carry and note that the dog’s name is Zhuchka, not Polkan, Druzhok……. This is what prompted me to look for meaning through the images of the initial letters of the main characters.
R- speech, saying;
D- development, accumulation, prosperity;
B-Gods;
IN- I know wisdom on Earth and in heaven;
WITH- a thought spoken, voiced;
AND- life is multifaceted;
TO- unification of man with the Universe;
M- thinking, wisdom, thought.
Combining the revealed images of Beeches, we get:
Developing speech, I comprehend the wisdom of the Gods on Earth and in Heaven with a multifaceted life, voicing a wise thought that unites man with the Universe with wisdom.
And how can this be achieved? A this is achieved by LABOR(grandfather planted Turnip, they all pulled it out) and LOVE (Grandfather+grandmother+granddaughter+dog Bug+mouse. This is during an ardent feud between a cat and a dog).
So how? This is not politics for you, this is Universal wisdom - through the development of speech (with labor) through Love, to comprehend the Universal wisdom.
CHICKEN RHOBA
It seems - well, what stupidity: they beat and beat, and then a mouse, bang - and the end of the fairy tale. What is this all for? Indeed, only tell foolish children...
This tale is about Wisdom, about the Image of Universal Wisdom contained in the Golden Egg. Not everyone and not at all times is given the opportunity to cognize this Wisdom. Not everyone can handle it. Sometimes you have to settle for the simple wisdom contained in the Simple Egg.
When you tell this or that fairy tale to your child, knowing its hidden meaning, the Ancient WISDOM contained in this fairy tale is absorbed “with mother’s milk”, on a subtle level, on a subconscious level. Such a child will understand many things and relationships without unnecessary explanations and logical confirmations, figuratively, with the right hemisphere, as modern psychologists say.
ABOUT KASHCHEY and BABA YAGA
In the book written based on the lectures of P.P. Globa (P. Globa. LIVING FIRE), we find interesting information about the classic heroes of Russian fairy tales:
"The name "Koschey" comes from the name holy books ancient Slavs "blasphemers". These were wooden tied tablets with unique knowledge written on them. The guardian of this immortal inheritance was called “koshchei”. His books were passed down from generation to generation, but it is unlikely that he was truly immortal, as in the fairy tale. (...)
And into a terrible villain, a sorcerer, heartless, cruel, but powerful... Koschey turned relatively recently - during the introduction of Orthodoxy, when all the positive characters of the Slavic pantheon were turned into negative ones. At the same time, the word “blasphemy” arose, that is, following ancient, non-Christian customs. (...)
And Baba Yaga is a popular personality among us... But they could not completely denigrate her in fairy tales. Not just anywhere, but precisely to her, all the Tsarevich Ivans and Fool Ivans came to her in difficult times. And she fed and watered them, heated the bathhouse for them and put them to bed in order to show them the right path in the morning, helped to unravel their most complex problems, gave them a magic ball that itself leads to the desired goal.
The role of the “Russian Ariadne” makes our granny surprisingly similar to one Avestan deity,... Chistu. This woman-cleaner, sweeping the road with her hair, driving away dirt and all evil spirits from it, clearing the road of fate from stones and debris, was depicted with a broom in one hand and a ball in the other. ... It is clear that with such a position she cannot be ragged and dirty. Moreover, it has its own bathhouse." (Man - the Tree of Life. Avestan tradition. Mn.: Arctida, 1996)
This knowledge partly confirms the Slavic idea of Kashchei and Baba Yaga. But let us draw the reader’s attention to the significant difference in the spelling of the names “Koschey” and “Kashchey”. These are two fundamentally different heroes. That negative character that is used in fairy tales, with whom all the characters, led by Baba Yaga, struggle, and whose Death is “in the egg at the end of a needle,” is KASHCHEY. The first rune in the writing of this ancient Slavic word-image is “Ka,” meaning “gathering within oneself, union, unification.” For example, the runic word-image “KARA” does not mean punishment as such, but means something that does not radiate, has ceased to shine, has turned black because it has collected all the radiance (“RA”) inside itself. Hence the word KARAKUM - "KUM" - a relative or a set of something related (grains of sand, for example), and "KARA" - those who have collected radiance: "a collection of shining particles." This has a slightly different meaning than the previous word “punishment”.
Slavic runic images are unusually deep and capacious, ambiguous and difficult for the average reader. Only the Priests owned these images in their entirety, because... writing and reading a runic image is a serious and very responsible matter, requiring great accuracy and absolute purity of thought and heart.
Baba Yoga (Yogini-Mother) - Eternally beautiful, Loving, Kind-hearted Goddess-Patroness of orphans and children in general. She wandered around Midgard - Earth, either on the Fiery Heavenly Chariot, or on horseback through the lands where the Clans of the Great Race and the descendants of the Heavenly Clans lived, collecting homeless orphans in towns and villages.
In every Slavic-Aryan Vesi, even in every populous city or settlement, the Patron Goddess was recognized by her radiating kindness, tenderness, meekness, love and her elegant boots, decorated with gold patterns, and they showed Her where orphans lived.
Ordinary people called the Goddess differently, but always with tenderness. Some - Grandma Yoga Golden Leg, and some, quite simply - Yogini - Mother.
The Yogini delivered the orphans to her foothill monastery, which was located in the thicket of the forest, at the foot of the Irian Mountains (Altai). She did this in order to save representatives of the most ancient Slavic and Aryan Clans from imminent death.
In the foothill Skete, where the Yogini-Mother conducted the children through the Fiery Rite of Initiation to the Ancient High Gods, there was a Temple of the God of the Family, carved inside the mountain.
Near the mountain Temple of Rod, there was a special depression in the rock, which the Priests called the Cave of Ra. From it extended a stone platform, divided by a ledge into two equal recesses, called Lapata. In one recess, which was closer to the Cave of Ra, Yogini-Mother laid sleeping children in white robes. Dry brushwood was placed in the second cavity, after which LapatA moved back into the Cave of Ra, and the Yogini set fire to the brushwood.
For all those present at the Fire Rite, this meant that the orphans were dedicated to the Ancient High Gods and no one would see them again in the worldly life of the Clans. Foreigners who sometimes attended the Fire Rites very colorfully told in their lands that they witnessed with their own eyes how small children were sacrificed to the Ancient Gods, thrown alive into the Fiery Furnace, and Baba Yoga did this. The strangers did not know that when the lapata platform moved into the Cave of Ra, a special mechanism lowered the stone slab onto the ledge of the lapata and separated the recess with the children from the Fire.
When the Fire lit up in the Cave of Ra, the Priests of the Family transferred the children from the lapata to the premises of the Temple of the Family. Subsequently, Priests and Priestesses were raised from orphans, and when they became adults, the boys and girls created families and continued their lineage.
The foreigners knew none of this and continued to spread tales that the wild Priests of the Slavic and Aryan peoples, and especially the bloodthirsty Baba Yoga, sacrifice orphans to the Gods. These foreign tales influenced the Image of the Yogini-Mother, especially after the Christianization of Rus', when the Image of the beautiful young Goddess was replaced by the Image of an old, angry and hunchbacked old woman with matted hair, who steals children and roasts them in an oven in a forest hut, and then eats them. Even the Name of Yogini-Mother was distorted and they began to scare all children with the Goddess.
Russian fairy tales have undergone many distortions, but, nevertheless, in many of them the Essence of the Lesson embedded in the fable has remained. It is a fable in our reality, but it is a reality in another reality, no less real than the one in which we live.
For a child, the concept of reality is expanded. Children see and feel much more energy fields and flows than adults. It is necessary to respect each other's realities. What is Fable for us is Fact for the baby. That is why it is so important to initiate a child into the “correct” fairy tales, with truthful, original Images, without layers of politics and history.
The most truthful, relatively free from distortion, in my opinion, are some of Bazhov’s tales, the tales of Pushkin’s nanny Arina Rodionovna, recorded by the poet almost verbatim, the tales of Ershov, Aristov, Ivanov, Lomonosov, Afanasyev...
The most pure, in their pristine completeness of Images, seem to me to be the Tales from the 4th book of the Slavic-Aryan Vedas: “The Tale of Ratibor”, “The Tale of the Bright Falcon”, given with comments and explanations on words that have gone out of Russian everyday use, but remained unchanged in fairy tales.
For older people, “The Source of Life”, “The White Path” will be interesting to read - ancient Legends, almost Tales for the modern reader, written in a characteristic style and characteristic Images.
Afterword
In the above, I have only touched upon the issues of manifestation true meanings our fairy tales, focusing only on the most famous ones. Unfortunately, the volume of the publication does not allow us to more broadly reveal the images of many fairy tales hidden from us as a result of Christianization, but I have given an approach to their analysis. Be bold and the truth will reveal itself to you. Russian folk tales and tales are fundamentally dedicated to the eternal struggle between Good and Evil. Moreover, Good always defeats Evil. But how is this victory achieved? With weapons? No. Only with the help of Hard work and most importantly Knowledge, Knowledge weak points The main character always manages to defeat the enemy. And fairy tales contribute to the acquisition of this knowledge. Without KNOWLEDGE THERE IS NO VICTORY. Today's KASCHEYS, who seized power in Russia, hide information about themselves in every possible way. Information about their ideology, methods of enslavement,... . Studying these things is the main task of a thinking Slav. If you remember the fairy tales about Kashchei, he always manages to escape from captivity with the help of lies, deception, and wealth. The methods have not changed, they have only become more sophisticated.
Hence the conclusion: no matter how much you shout, beat J..., save Russia, the matter will not move forward and by this you only compromise the Slavs, presenting them in an extremely unfavorable light. Knowledge, Enlightenment with knowledge - this is the main weapon. The manifestation of these methods is the main task and direction of activity, and with my publications I try to reveal the underside of modern Kashcheys.
A. Fomin. Moscow, March 2013.
The depth of ideas and richness of Russian folk tales. A fairy tale-treasury of folk wisdom. Samples. Features of construction. Educational value.
Has a special appeal for children fairy tale. It is impossible to imagine childhood without a fairy tale, believed V.A. Sukhomlinsky, who created a system of educating children with fairy tales - the fairy tale school.
Fairy tales have been around since time immemorial. The antiquity of fairy tales is evidenced, for example, by the following fact: in the unprocessed versions of the famous “Teremka”, the role of the tower was played by a mare’s head, which the Slavic folklore tradition endowed with many wonderful properties. In other words, the roots of this tale go back to Slavic paganism. At the same time, fairy tales do not at all testify to the primitiveness of the people’s consciousness (otherwise they could not have existed for many hundreds of years), but to genius ability of the people create a single harmonious image of the world, connecting in it everything that exists - heaven and earth, man and nature, life and death. Apparently fairy tale genre turned out to be so viable because it fits perfectly to express and preserve fundamental human truths, the foundations of human existence.
Telling fairy tales was a common hobby in Rus'; both children and adults loved them. Usually, the storyteller, when narrating events and characters, reacted vividly to the attitude of his audience and immediately made some amendments to his narrative. That is why fairy tales have become one of the most polished folklore genres. The best way they answer And children's needs, organically corresponding to child psychology. A craving for goodness and justice, a belief in miracles, a penchant for fantasy, for a magical transformation of the world around us - the child joyfully encounters all this in a fairy tale.
Definitely in a fairy tale truth and goodness triumph. A fairy tale is always on the side of the offended and oppressed, no matter what it tells. It clearly shows where the correct life paths a person, what is happiness and unhappiness, what is the retribution for mistakes and how does a person differ from an animal and a bird. Every step of the hero leads to the goal, to final success. You have to pay for mistakes, and having paid, the hero again gains the right to luck. In this movement of fairy-tale fiction is expressed An essential feature of the worldview of the people is a firm belief in justice, in that good human beginning everything that opposes him will inevitably win.
A fairy tale for children has a special charm and reveals some hiding places of the ancient worldview. They find in the fairy tale story independently, without explanation, something very valuable for themselves, necessary for the growth of their consciousness.
Imaginary, fantasy world turns out display real world in the main fundamentals. A fabulous, unusual picture of life gives the child the opportunity to compare it with reality, with the environment in which he, his family, and people close to him exist. It's necessary for developing thinking, since it is stimulated by the fact that a person compares and doubts, checks and is convinced. A fairy tale does not leave the child an indifferent observer, but makes him active participant what is happening, experiencing every failure and every victory with the heroes. The fairy tale accustoms people to the idea that evil must be punished in any case.
The depth of ideas and richness of Russian folk tales. A fairy tale-treasury of folk wisdom. Samples. Features of construction. Educational value. - concept and types. Classification and features of the category "The depth of ideas and richness of Russian folk tales. A fairy tale is a treasure trove of folk wisdom. Samples. Features of construction. Educational value." 2015, 2017-2018.
Once upon a time there lived a king who ruled a certain state entrusted to him. When he had spent the treasury on wars and entertainment, and there was nowhere to replenish it, he called his entourage and said:
As you know, our treasury is empty, and unrest among the people has already begun. So come up with some cunning way to avoid these two troubles: how to appease the people without spending a penny?
The princes and boyars thought for a long time, deliberated for a long time and came to the king with their decision:
They didn’t order us to be executed, Father Tsar, but there is no way to fulfill both of your desires at the same time. To appease people, money is needed for entertainment and treats. And if you go to get money by war, the people will rebel more than ever.
The king became angry:
It cannot be, he says, that at least one such method cannot be found. Even though you are princes and boyars, you are fools. I’ll order you to call Grandfather the Capercaillie from a distant swamp; although he is not a scientist, he understands more about life than you.
The servants went to Grandfather the Capercaillie, and he was so old that he had already lost track of his years.
They knocked and knocked on the door of the hut - no one answered. We entered. Lo and behold, there is no one, only a mushroom has grown from under the floor due to the dampness. The servants threw up their hands, they didn’t know what to do.
Suddenly they see the mushroom move, sneeze, cough and say in an old man’s voice:
Apparently trouble has come to the king, no less. Well, tell me, good fellows, why did you come?
The servants took a closer look; in the middle of the hut there was not a mushroom at all, but a small old man.
It was ordered, grandfather, to deliver you to the king.
And, kids, I’m too old to go on trips. And if your Tsar-Father wants to get an answer to his question, then let him come to me in person.
What are you up to, grandpa? - the servants cried. - Why should the king drag himself into such a wilderness? No, come with us and amen.
Eh, kids, it seems you were born on the third day, if you don’t know that more than one royal soul has been in this hut of mine. So tell your benefactor: if he wants to receive sensible advice, let him appear in person and bow at my feet.
Then, before the eyes of the surprised servants, he again turned into a mushroom.
They threw up their hands - it’s not like bringing a mushroom to the king, and they set off on the return journey. They reported everything in order and were released in peace.
But the king has nowhere to go. He changed into a simple dress and went to the swamp. He went into the hut and bowed low to the mushroom.
The mushroom stirred, coughed and turned into an old man again.
“I haven’t walked for a long, long time,” he rasped in a cold voice. Tea, if it weren’t for the trouble, I would have completely forgotten.
Well, what are you grandfather! How can you forget? How much you helped my parent, how much you helped my grandfather. My affairs are simply royal: wars and so on.
Okay, good chatter. “I came for business, so ask,” the old man interrupted him.
“And I have something to ask you, grandfather,” the king began. - Trouble has come. My position is precarious, and the next moment the mob will rebel. They say that I imposed exorbitant taxes on them. But they won’t understand that the state needs money... for various things.
“You’re lying about your business, but don’t talk,” the old man interrupted again, “I know your business: eating, sleeping, and going hunting.”
Okay, old man, that’s not what I’m talking about, but how to please the people without wasting money?
“You asked a difficult riddle, king,” the old man grumbled, “well, yes, there is an answer to it.”
Be kind, grandfather, tell me the solution, and I promise, I will not remain in debt.
“I don’t need your word,” the Capercaillie waved his hand, “but listen to the answer: Order the servants to go throughout your entire kingdom, and let them announce to the people that the king has decided to show mercy to the people.” Anyone who wants can get gold for every word spoken.
Apparently, grandpa, you've gone crazy in your old age! - the king cried, - Are you planning to ruin me? That's a lot of words in the world! If you have to pay for everything, there won’t be enough gold.
Just wait, don’t rush to write me down as a fool ahead of time,” croaked the Capercaillie, “There is a secret here.” Those words will first be weighed. I also have special scales. Whatever word has any weight, that's what you'll pay for. And what without weight - don’t blame me.
Well, come on, grandfather! “I’ve been staying too long with you, business is waiting,” said the king and stood up, about to leave, but the old man stopped him.
I know what I thought: again, they say, the old man began to talk. Do you think that many people say that words have weight?
“But how,” the king confirmed, “every word weighs something.”
“Eh, honey, that’s your mistake,” the Capercaillie smiled with his gap-toothed mouth. Sometimes people talk, but their words come out empty. Those words are not from the heart, not from wisdom, not from truth, and that is why they are empty.
“Well,” the king objected, “are there not enough sages and scholars in my kingdom?” On your advice, will I give them my last coin?
And all their wisdom is zilch,” the old man laughed
How so? Why don't you believe in science? Well, grandfather, you are completely behind the times,” the king clasped his hands.
“I, my dear, will be no worse than others,” answered the old man, “but in science, why believe in it.” Everything your sages talk about surrounds us. And everyone, if they want, can see and understand. Because everything exists according to its own laws and is manifested in action. And all that remains for your sages is to describe and apply those laws. But to comprehend the essence of things?!!
For example, where did those laws come from and who set the limit for them, do they know? And there are other laws that your sages cannot even describe. Here, for example, are the laws of life and death. Why is one happy, and the other always in troubles, although the same mother gave birth to them? Who has comprehended the laws of human ways so as not to fear the future? That's wisdom.
“I have little interest in all this,” the king interrupted him, “you’d better say this: suppose I don’t spend my money on words, but I won’t gain anything.”
And there is an answer to this. In order to weigh your words, you take gold from people - that’s the replenishment of the treasury.
Who would want to give money for something like that? - the king did not understand.
Be brave, they will give money away in the hope of getting much more. After all, for every significant word you will promise gold. I tell you that the poor man will bring his last penny, because everyone is confident in himself that he has already achieved something in wisdom and speaks with weight.
Well, the advice is not bad,” said the king, patting the old man on the shoulder. “In any case, I have nothing to lose.”
That's where we parted.
After a while, the news spread throughout the country that they give money for words. What started here: there were queues at the weighmasters and money flowed like a river into the royal treasury.
The first, of course, were women. They chatted incessantly about children, husbands, neighbors, pots, washing, knitting, shopping, illness, and so on. But, no matter how eloquent they were, the hands of the scales did not even move.
Yes, these are women, what can we take from them!!? - the men laughed among themselves. They put words about work, money, women, housekeeping, entertainment, and so on on the scales, but the arrows of the scales still did not move.
Rich and poor, learned men and commoners came to weigh their words. But all their words, no matter how smart, could not shake the arrows of the scales.
Occasionally someone received a few gold pieces, but how could this compare with the enormous wealth that already lay in the royal treasury?
And the king, to celebrate, organized magnificent feasts every day.
Time passed and there was not a single person left in his kingdom who would not try his luck by weighing his words.
Once upon a time palace square on which the scales stood, a poor man walked whistling. Noticing the weighers with scales, he stopped in surprise and called out to them:
Hey good people, what is this thing you have? I've never seen anything like this before.
The weighers looked at each other in bewilderment:
How, don’t you know what’s happening in the capital lately?
How should I know? - answered the poor man, - if only at sunrise I came to your city.
Where are you coming from?
Yes, here I am, walking around the world, looking for wisdom. I came to see you too, haven’t I met you?
“Stupid man,” answered the weighers, “to find wisdom, you need money: to buy smart books, and to pay teachers.” Do you have any money?
“Yes,” says the poor man, “here’s one gold one,” and he pulled out a coin from his mended pocket.
This is hilarious,” the weighers laughed, “you won’t die of hunger on your own penny, what kind of wisdom is there?” But would you like to try your luck to get some gold? Everything comes with him. You see these scales: human words are weighed on them. Pay in gold and you will find out whether your words have any weight or not. If the arrow of the scales deviates, we will give you gold, and with it you can acquire as much wisdom as you want.
The poor man answered them:
I don’t need your gold, because you can’t buy wisdom with it. I went a lot, but I never saw anyone buy it for money. She gives herself to those who seek her.
Will you still teach us how to seek wisdom? - the weighers cried out. Why did you get it for nothing? So show it to us so that we can see. Where is she? Wasn't she hiding in your rags?
Hey brothers, look what's happening! - one of the weighers suddenly cried out.
Everyone turned to where their friend was pointing and saw that the arrow of the scales began to deviate. And she deviated until the scales made a sharp click and broke.
What did you do with your words? - the weighers attacked the poor man, - he didn’t give up the gold, he broke the scales! You must now pay for them.
No,” the poor man grinned, “according to your rules, you must give me money, because your scales couldn’t even measure my words.” This means that these words are worth more than your entire kingdom. Only I don’t need your kingdom. Wisdom is not acquired with money. The one who understood this took the first step towards her, and then she herself will find those who are looking for her.
The weighers got scared and ran to the king. They told him everything: they say, so and so, the words of that poor man cannot be repaid with your entire kingdom.
The king thought and said to them:
Drive him away, so that he remains guilty.
They returned and said to the poor man:
You would leave here on good terms - in good health. Otherwise, you won’t end up in prison for ruining a smart thing.
The poor man shrugged, turned and went his way, sadly reasoning:
I see that they don’t even want to hear about me. I’ll go further through the cities, maybe someone will want to listen to my words and learn.
Meanwhile, the weighers reported to the king how the order had been fulfilled. The king paid them generously and sent them home. He himself went to Grandfather the Capercaillie with a bag of gold to pay for the advice.
He arrived and bowed at his feet:
Here, grandfather, I brought you payment for the service.
“Take your gold,” answered the Capercaillie. - What is it for me, an old man? But, they say, Wisdom himself came to you, tell us about it.
What is Wisdom? - the king was surprised, - no one reported this to me.
Have you seen any broken scales? Do you know what they were weighed on?
The king hesitated and answered:
Yes, grandfather, they fell, and that’s why the mechanism was damaged.
Don't you know that those scales cannot break for any reason except if something very heavy was weighed on them?
“What do you think,” the king says to him defiantly, “should I pay for someone’s words with my kingdom?” That's not why I started this business! And your scales are lying, I guess?
Go in peace! - Grandfather the wood grouse answered him, - you lived without wisdom, and when you heard about it, you were afraid. Who will help you? Even I won't help.
With that the king left him.
The scales were repaired, and they still stand in the main square in that city.
Anyone who wants can weigh their words. But not many people dare. They are afraid that they will turn out to be empty.
And I went to that city, weighed my words, but I won’t say what I saw.
And what is its role in the life of almost any person? Who among us in childhood did not hear these wonderful fantastic works from the lips of our mother or grandmother, did not read them syllable by syllable in kindergarten, did not study them as literature within the framework of school curriculum? What about cartoons and feature films based on them? We can say that a fairy tale is something that more than one generation of people has grown up with, and not only in our country. That which educates and shapes the personality of every person.
Definition
But not everyone will be able to clearly define: “a fairy tale is...” And what, exactly, is a fairy tale? Let's start with all kinds of dictionaries. In them, a fairy tale is, first of all, a work of narration about heroes and events, usually fictitious, transmitted from mouth to mouth. But in the last two centuries, such folk works have been actively published in books in huge editions, so that we always have the opportunity not only to listen to them, but also to read them. A folk tale is a fictional work. It can be contrasted with such “reliable” narratives as epics, for example.
Literary
And there is also a literary fairy tale. It, in contrast, has a specific author (it is also sometimes called author's). Often such works are closely related to folk ones. Sometimes the author simply retells them without adding anything, and there are fairy tales where the source material is completely reworked. Folklore precedes original literature and occupies a primary place in the classification fiction. But the author's fairy tales famous writers are rightfully included in the treasury of world classics of such literature.
Other meanings
If we talk about other meanings of the word fairy tale, we can note that a similar term in a figurative sense defines something fantastic and tempting, sometimes unattainable in ordinary life situations. And sometimes this is what they call something that no one believes: pure fiction, untruth, fable (with even a negative connotation).
Origin of the word
According to scientists, the word itself appears in everyday use no earlier than the 17th century and comes from “kazat,” which meant “list” or “exact description.” IN modern context the word "fairy tale" began to be used later, and earlier the word "fable" was used to denote a similar concept.
Classification of folk tales
Researchers of folk tales believe that they are based on myths that have lost their sacred meaning. A myth is associated with a certain ritual. In a fairy tale, the artistic side comes to the fore. And events take place outside the existing geography. Such works are characterized by: anonymity, collectivity and orality. Simply put, a folk tale does not have a specific author, but is passed on by many storytellers by word of mouth, preserving the main plot. Sometimes some details are added to it, like variations. It can be said that the works of UNT (oral folk art) are a collective creation. According to the classification generally accepted by folklore researchers, all these creations can be divided into fairy tales about animals or plants, about or objects, magical, boring, cumulative, novelistic and some others. This cohort also includes jokes and fables.
Household fairy tale
This is related to the novelistic works of UNT. Household fairy tales occupy a fairly large place in folklore. They differ from, for example, magical ones in that the narrative is based on stories from everyday life. As a rule, they do not involve fiction, but involve real characters: a wife and husband, a merchant and a soldier, a gentleman and a worker, a priest, etc. These are works of oral creativity of the people about fooling a master or priest, about admonishing a negligent wife, about a cunning soldier with ingenuity. Basically, an everyday fairy tale is a work on a household or family theme. Main sympathies: an experienced soldier, a skilled and savvy worker who achieves their goals, sometimes going through comical or terrible situations. This reveals the irony of the story. Such tales are usually short. The plot develops quickly, the action is centered on one episode, looking like a fairy tale. It is in everyday fairy tales, according to Belinsky, that the moral, everyday and characteristic features of the entire Russian people are reflected: a crafty mind, the ability for irony, innocence and hard work. Everyday fairy tales contain neither horror nor special magic, but they can be endowed with irony and comedy. Outwardly, such a work looks like a fairy tale. This apparent plausibility is one of many characteristic features such creativity.
Examples of everyday tales
There are quite a few of them that can be listed: “The Master and the Dog”, “Fedul and Melania”, “The Master and the Man”, “The Fool and the Birch”, “The Funeral of the Goat”, “The Soldier’s Overcoat”, “The Pot”.
Everyone probably remembers the everyday fairy tale “Porridge from an Axe,” in which a savvy soldier cooks a meal seemingly out of nothing (from one ax), and meanwhile cunningly begs the greedy housewife for all the necessary products.
Civics Lesson
Lesson topic : The Wisdom of a Folk Tale
The purpose of the lesson:
Create conditions for the development of creative understanding of the plot of some folk tales;
Promote the development of observation, imagination, memory and thinking;
To promote the development of such moral qualities of the individual as: kindness, responsiveness, resourcefulness.
Equipment: presentation, illustrations for fairy tales, individual assignments;
During the classes
Organizational moment
Verse on the board:
Everyone is friends with fairy tales -
And fairy tales are friends with everyone,
They are necessary
Hello like the sun,
Who likes to listen to fairy tales?
They will tell him
About what could have been
Or maybe not.
Teacher:
A fairy tale is a lie, but there is a hint in it, a lesson for good fellows.
Says folk wisdom. Have you ever learned any lessons from fairy tales?
II . Formulating the topic of the lesson. Setting educational objectives.
Teacher:
Unravel the ball and formulate the topic of the lesson.
Teacher:
Try to determine the objectives of our lesson using the words: Remember
Let's get acquainted
Drawing conclusions
Teacher:
That's right, today in class we will try:
( Post on the board )
1. Remember the fairy tales you have read.
2. Get acquainted with new fairy tales.
3. Understand and draw conclusions what fairy tales teach.
III . Updating knowledge about previously read fairy tales.
Teacher
I know that many of you love to read fairy tales, and already know many fairy tales. Let's test your knowledge and choose the fairy tales we will work with today.
Look at the illustrations and read the titles of the fairy tales. Connect the corresponding illustrations and fairy tale names with arrows.
(front work)
"Cat, Rooster and Fox"
"The wolf and the seven Young goats"
"Under the mushroom"
"Teremok"
"Mitten"
Teacher:
Choose fairy tales with a similar plot.
(“Under the Mushroom”, “Teremok”, “Mitten”)
What similar fairy tale have we read before? (“Forest mansions”)
What two groups can these tales be divided into? (author's, folk tales. “Forest mansions”
M.L. Mikhailov, “Under the Mushroom” - V Suteev, “Teremok” - Russian folk tale, “Mitten” - Ukrainian. folk tale).
1) Game “Who was here and forgot what?” The teacher shows pictures of objects, and students name the characters. - Whose thing is this and from what fairy tale?
The Glass Slipper (Cinderella)
Stupa (Baba Yaga) Golden Key (Pinocchio) Pike (Emelya)
Teacher :
All people in the world love fairy tales. And this love begins in childhood, in the cradle. Magical, funny and even scary - fairy tales are always interesting. But not only magic, transformations exist in fairy tales. A fairy tale is a lie, but there is a hint in it, a lesson for good fellows, wrote A.S. Pushkin.
The fairy tale teaches us to distinguish good from evil, good from bad. The very first creator of fairy tales was the people. They liked the fairy tale, remembered it and retold it: to children, and to their children.
(Students leave)
You can learn from a fairy taleShe's full of wisdomHer heroes teach life,Kindness adorns them.
There are many adventures in the fairy tale,
Very joyful excitement,
Good wins in her,
After all, it is stronger than evil.
The one who respects fairy tales
Surely grows
Transforming into a sage
He believes very much in miracles.
And a miracle comes to visit,
Doesn't pass by
The main thing is to believe in him,
And it's already with you.
A fairy tale is a wonderful piggy bank,
What you accumulate, you take,
And without a fairy tale in this life -
You will definitely disappear.
2) Classification of fairy tales. Fairy tales are different. - What groups are fairy tales divided into?
1. Folk and copyright.
- Original fairy tales have a famous author. And in folk tales, the author is the people.
2.
Magical, about animals, everyday.
Magic or fantasy tales
- What heroes are found in these fairy tales? (Baba Yaga, Koschey the Immortal...)
Everything in fairy tales is extraordinary. Household items and tools acquire wonderful properties. What fairy tales do you know?
3.Everyday tales
-What is the peculiarity of these fairy tales? Give examples.
They talk about the poor and the rich. The laziness and greed of the rich are ridiculed and the intelligence and ingenuity of poor people is glorified. Actions take place in ordinary houses, villages..
4.
Animal Tales
.
- What are the characteristics of these fairy tales?
Show a dramatization of a fairy tale
Guys, what type of fairy tale can be classified as« Chicken Ryaba» ?
Teacher :
Guys, let's complete the tasks on your cards.
Reflection. "Correspondent"
- Did you like the lesson?
- What genre did we work on in class?
- What did this fairy tale help us think about? What does the fairy tale you read teach you?
- Ask each other a question about the content of the fairy tale. (Children ask a question to a selected classmate).
Remove duplicate letters and form a word
x t in a
n w z o
z x h i
l a z
(Great)
