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Order honey waste. Classes and process of disposal of medical waste according to Sanpin

Federal Service for Supervision of Rights Protection
consumers and human well-being

2.1.7. SOIL, CLEANING PLACES,
PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION WASTE,
SOIL SANITARY PROTECTION

Sanitary and epidemiological requirements
to medical waste management

SanPiN 2.1.7.2790-10

MOSCOW
2011

1. Developed by the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare (O.I. Aksenova, A.V. Bormashov, A.L. Mishina); Research Institute of Human Ecology and Hygiene environment them. A.N. Sysina RAMS (N.V. Rusakov, I.A. Kryatov, G.I. Korotkova, A.Yu. Orlov, V.A. Mironova, D.E. Kadyrov, N.Yu. Starodubova, O.V. Ushakova , L.V. Kitaeva, V.N. Frolov); OJSC Academy of Public Utilities named after. K.D. Pamfilova" (N.F. Abramov, V.N. Abramov); Federal State Institution “Research Institute of Disinfectology” of Rospotrebnadzor (L.G. Panteleeva, I.M. Abramova, L.S. Fedorova); GOU VPO MMA im. THEM. Sechenov (V.G. Akimkin); GOU DPO SPbMAPO Roszdrav (A.P. Shcherbo, O.V. Mironenko); Federal State Health Institution Federal Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology (T.D. Kuzkina, O.P. Chernyavskaya, E.F. Opochinsky); Office of Rospotrebnadzor in Moscow (N.N. Filatov, S.G. Fokin, E.P. Igonina, L.S. Mamontova, N.A. Radchenko); Federal State Institution “TsGiE in Moscow” (A.V. Ivanenko, I.A. Khrapunova, O.A. Gruzdeva, O.P. Bezsmertnaya); Perm State technical university(Ya.I. Vaisman, V.N. Korotaev); State Healthcare Institution “Kaluga Regional Bureau of Forensic Medicine (S.I. Lantsov); State Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education SPb State Medical Academy named after. I.I. Mechnikova (E.N. Kolosovskaya, G.B. Eremin, V.A. Nikonov); All-Russian public organization small and medium-sized enterprises “Support of Russia” (N.V. Ushakova).

2. Recommended for approval by the Commission on State Sanitary and Epidemiological Standards under Federal service on supervision in the field of consumer rights protection and human well-being (protocol dated October 14, 2010 No. 2).

3. Approved by the resolution of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor Russian Federation G.G. Onishchenko dated December 9, 2010 No. 163.

4. Registered with the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation on February 17, 2011, registration number 19871.

“State sanitary and epidemiological rules and regulations (hereinafter referred to as sanitary rules) - regulatory legal acts establishing sanitary and epidemiological requirements (including criteria for the safety and (or) harmlessness of environmental factors for humans, hygienic and other standards), non-compliance with which creates threat to human life or health, as well as the threat of the occurrence and spread of diseases” (Article 1).

"Compliance sanitary rules is mandatory for citizens, individual entrepreneurs And legal entities"(Art. 39).

“For violation of sanitary legislation, disciplinary, administrative and criminal liability is established in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation” (Article 55).

RUSSIAN FEDERATION

RESOLUTION

12/9/2010 Moscow No. 163

On approval of SanPiN 2.1.7.2790-10

"Sanitary and epidemiological

application requirements

with medical waste"

52-FZ “On the sanitary and epidemiological welfare of the population” (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 1999, No. 14, Art. 1650; 2002, No. 1 (Part 1), Art. 2; 2003, No. 2, Art. 167; No. 27 (Part 1), Article 2700; 2004, No. 35, Article 3607; 2005, No. 19, Article 1752; 2006, No. 1, Article 10; No. 52 (Part 1), Article 5498; 2007, No. 1 (Part 1), Article 21; No. 1 (Part 1), Article 29; No. 27, Article 3213; No. 46, Article 5554; No. 49, Article 6070; 2008, No. 24, Article 2801; No. 29 (Part 1), Article 3418; No. 30 (Part 2), Article 3616; No. 44, Article 4984; No. 52 (Part 1), Article 6223; 2009 , No. 1, Article 17; 2010, No. 40, Article 4969) and the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated July 24, 2000 No. “On approval of the Regulations on the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of the Russian Federation and the Regulations on State Sanitary and Epidemiological Standardization” (Meeting Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2000, No. 31, Article 3295; 2004, No. 8, Article 663; No. 47, Article 4666; 2005, No. 39, Article 3953)

I DECIDE:

Approve sanitary and epidemiological rules and regulations SanPiN 2.1.7.2790-10 “Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the management of medical waste” (appendix).

G.G. Onishchenko

CHIEF STATE SANITARY DOCTOR

RUSSIAN FEDERATION

RESOLUTION

4.03.2011 Moscow No. 18

“Rules for collection, storage and disposal of waste

medical and preventive institutions"

In accordance with the Federal Law of March 30, 1999 No. 52-FZ “On the sanitary and epidemiological welfare of the population” (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 1999, No. 14, Art. 1650; 2002, No. 1 (Part 1), Art. 2; 2003, No. 2, Art. 167; No. 27 (part 1), Art. 2700; 2004, No. 35, Art. 3607; 2005, No. 19, Art. 1752; 2006, No. 1, Art. 10; No. 52 (Part 1), Article 5498; 2007, No. 1 (Part 1), Article 21; No. 1 (Part 1), Article 29; No. 27, Article 3213; No. 46, Article 5554; No. 49, Article 6070; 2008, No. 24, Article 2801; No. 29 (Part 1), Article 3418; No. 30 (Part 2), Article 3616; No. 44, Article 4984; No. 52 ( Part 1), Article 6223; 2009, No. 1, Article 17; 2010, No. 40, Article 4969; 2011, No. 1, Article 6) and Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated July 24, 2000 No. “On approval of the Regulations on the state sanitary and epidemiological service of the Russian Federation and the Regulations on state sanitary and epidemiological regulation" (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2000, No. 31, Art. 3295; 2004, No. 8, Art. 663; No. 47, Art. 4666; 2005, No. 39, Art. 3953)

I DECIDE:

Since the introduction of sanitary and epidemiological rules and regulations SanPiN 2.1.7.2790-10 “Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the management of medical waste”, approved by the Decree of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of December 9, 2010 No. 163 and registered by the Ministry of Justice of Russia on February 17, 2011, registration number 19871 , consider the sanitary rules and norms of SanPiN 2.1.7.728-99 “Rules for the collection, storage and disposal of waste from medical institutions”, approved by the Decree of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor No. 2 of January 22, 1999, as no longer in force, as amended by the Decree of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor dated March 16, 2009 No. 15 “On approval of SanPiN 2.1.7.2527-09 “Changes 1 to sanitary rules and SanPiN 2.1.7.728-99 “Rules for the collection, storage and disposal of waste from medical institutions.”

Application

2.1.7. SOIL, CLEANING PLACES, PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION WASTE, SOIL SANITARY PROTECTION

Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the management of medical waste

Sanitary and epidemiological rules and regulations

Class A- epidemiologically without hazardous waste, close in composition to solids household waste(hereinafter - MSW).

Class B- epidemiologically hazardous waste.

Class IN- extremely epidemiologically hazardous waste.

Class G- toxicologically hazardous waste of hazard classes 1 - 4.

Class D- radioactive waste.

Table 1

Characteristics of morphological composition

Class A

(epidemiologically safe waste, composition close to solid waste)

Waste that does not come into contact with biological fluids of patients or infectious patients.

Stationery, packaging, furniture, equipment that have lost their consumer properties. Estimates for cleaning the area, etc.

Food waste from central catering units, as well as from all departments of an organization carrying out medical and/or pharmaceutical activities, except for infectious diseases, incl. phthisiatric

Class B

(epidemiologically hazardous waste)

Infectious and potentially infectious waste.

Materials and instruments, objects contaminated with blood and/or other biological fluids. Pathological and anatomical waste. Organic surgical waste (organs, tissues, etc.).

Food waste from infectious diseases departments.

Waste from microbiological, clinical diagnostic laboratories, pharmaceutical, immunobiological industries working with microorganisms of the 3rd - 4th pathogenicity groups. Biological waste vivariums.

Live vaccines not suitable for use

Class B

(extremely epidemiologically hazardous waste)

Materials that have been in contact with patients with infectious diseases that may lead to emergency situations in the field of sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population and require measures for sanitary protection of the territory.

Waste from laboratories, pharmaceutical and immunobiological industries working with microorganisms of pathogenicity groups 1 - 2.

Waste from treatment and diagnostic departments of phthisiatric hospitals (dispensaries), contaminated with the sputum of patients, waste from microbiological laboratories working with tuberculosis pathogens

Class G

(toxicologically hazardous waste 1 - 4 hazard classes*)

Medicinal (including cytostatics), diagnostic, disinfectants that should not be used.

Waste from the operation of equipment, transport, lighting systems and others

Class D

Radioactive waste

All types of waste, in any state of aggregation, in which the content of radionuclides exceeds the permissible levels established by radiation safety standards

	Name of premises	Minimum area, m2
	Reception and temporary storage (accumulation) of non-disinfected waste
		depending on the dimensions of the equipment, but not less than 12
	Temporary storage of processed waste (premises are provided if there are no conditions for storage on site)	depending on the power of the site, but not less than 6


	Stock Supplies
	Sanitary facilities (dressing room, shower, toilet, storage of cleaning equipment)

Notes:

* For newly constructed and reconstructed buildings.

** When the volume of processed waste is up to 200 liters per day, the presence of a minimum set of premises consisting of two zones is allowed in accordance with clause 10.3.1.

Workroom for waste disinfection

based on the removal of heat and moisture excess*

according to the calculation of heat and moisture excess*

not allowed

Temporary storage of treated waste

not allowed

Washing and disinfection of containers, racks, trolleys

not allowed

Temporary storage room for containers, racks, trolleys

Consumables warehouse

Sanitary facilities (wardrobe shower, bathroom, storage of cleaning equipment)

influx from the corridor

75 m3/h at 1 d.s.

Staff room with workplace

Note:

*Depending on technology and type of equipment.

Appendix 3
(informative)

Name of structural unit_______________________

Appendix 4
(informative)

Name of company______________________________________

Appendix 6
(informative)

Production and consumption waste- remains of raw materials, materials, semi-finished products, other items or products that were formed in the process of production or consumption, as well as goods (products) that have lost their consumer properties.

Waste disposal- waste treatment using technologies leading to the loss of all dangerous properties waste in order to prevent their harmful effects on human health and the environment.

Disinfection (disinfection) of waste- disinfection of waste, which consists in the destruction (killing) of pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microorganisms contained in waste in order to eliminate its epidemiological danger. Disinfection of waste is carried out by appropriate physical and/or chemical methods waste processing (including the hardware method - in specialized installations).

Waste collection- acceptance or receipt of waste from individuals and legal entities for the purpose of further use, neutralization, transportation, and disposal of such waste.

Waste accumulation- temporary storage of waste in places (sites) equipped in accordance with the requirements of legislation in the field of environmental protection and legislation in the field of ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population, for the purpose of their further use, neutralization, disposal, transportation.

Waste disposal- storage and disposal of waste.

Waste storage- maintenance of waste in waste disposal facilities for the purpose of their subsequent burials, disposal or use.

Waste disposal- isolation of waste that is not subject to further use in special storage facilities in order to prevent the entry of harmful substances into the environment.

Transportation of waste- movement of waste using vehicles outside the boundaries of a land plot owned by a legal entity or individual entrepreneur or provided to them on other rights.

Recycling- use of production and consumption waste as secondary resources after appropriate processing. Used waste includes waste that is used in the national economy as raw materials or additives to raw materials for the production of products, as well as as fuel, feed and fertilizers.

Waste use- use of waste for the production of goods (products), performance of work, provision of services or for energy production.

Type of waste- a collection of waste that have common characteristics in accordance with the waste classification system.

Medical waste treatment plants- specialized installations for incineration and disinfection and/or disposal of waste, their processing, permitted for use in the Russian Federation in accordance with the established procedure.

Individual protection means- technical means, materials, including clothing, used to prevent or reduce exposure of workers to harmful or dangerous production factors, as well as to protect against pollution.

Bibliographic data

1. the federal law dated March 30, 1999 No. 52-FZ “On the sanitary and epidemiological welfare of the population.”

2. SanPiN 2.1.3.2630-10 “Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for organizations engaged in medical activities.”

3. SanPiN 2.2.1/2.1.1.1278-03 " Hygienic requirements to natural, artificial and combined lighting of public and residential buildings.” “Hygienic requirements for the placement and disposal of production and consumption waste.” “Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the conditions of transportation, storage and dispensing to citizens of medical immunobiological preparations used for immunoprophylaxis by pharmacies and healthcare institutions” (with amendments and additions).

12. SP 3.3.2.1248-03 “Conditions for transportation and storage of medical immunobiological preparations” (with amendments and additions).

13. SP 3.3.2342-08 “Ensuring the safety of immunization.”

14. SanPiN 2.2.1/2.1.1.1200-03 “Sanitary protection zones and sanitary classification of enterprises, structures and other objects” (updated edition).

15. SanPiN 2.1.1279-03 “Hygienic requirements for the placement, arrangement and maintenance of cemeteries, buildings and structures for funeral purposes.”

16. SP 1.3.1285-03 “Safety of working with microorganisms of I - II pathogenicity (hazard) groups.”

We are just getting started on the path Western countries in the case of medical waste. Improper handling of medical waste leads to serious consequences - infection of people and animals, poisoning water resources. How does the medical waste management system work in Russia? Read about it below.

Medical waste refers to all waste generated in medical organizations or after carrying out preventive and treatment measures for the population. Such waste is produced by preventive departments of public and private clinics, morgues, ambulance stations, nursing homes and children's homes, blood collection and transfusion centers, research institutions, pharmaceutical factories and veterinary clinics. In Russia, from 0.6 to 1 million tons of medical waste are generated annually. Half is paper and food waste, 40% is textiles, and 10% is metal and polymers.

Medical waste includes the following groups of materials:

plastic – syringes, droppers, plastic box from medications, shoe covers, disposable medical gowns;
food waste - leftover food from hospitals;
paper – medicine packaging, written-off books, documents and medical records;
glass – ampoules, various vessels, test tubes;
biological materials – body parts and liquids;
pharmaceutical materials – expired, unused or drugs that have been in contact with infections;
chemical waste – disinfectants, solvents;
– radiotherapeutic and diagnostic substances and materials;
metal waste - needles, syringes, scalpels, blades.

Fact: Every year, 16 billion injections are administered worldwide that require disposable syringes and needles.

What are the dangers of medical waste?

WHO classifies medical waste as hazardous. The Basel Convention has defined 45 types of hazardous waste, and medical first on the list. 85% of medical waste is harmless, and 15% is dangerous. Used syringes and other consumables contain dangerous infections that can cause epidemics. Besides, certain types waste negatively impacts soil, plants, water and animals. And some of their types even have radioactive elements.

Medical waste make up 2-3% of the world's garbage.

At mishandling Medical waste containing microorganisms can infect healthcare workers, patients and other people. Also, drug-resistant infections can enter the environment and cause epidemics. Improperly disposed garbage causes environmental poisoning with drugs (especially cytotoxins and antibiotics).

Substances released by medical waste when burned are also dangerous. Improper management of medical waste leads to radiation poisoning and injury from sharp objects. Reusing contaminated syringes is very dangerous, causing HIV, hepatitis B and C. Landfilling contaminated waste pollutes land and water resources.

Classification of medical waste

There are classes of medical waste according to the degree of danger to the environment and living beings. Medical waste is collected, stored, transported and destroyed according to its hazard class. In Russia there are SanPiN (sanitary rules and regulations) 2.1.7.2790-10 on the management of waste from medical institutions. This document divided waste into classes according to the level of their danger to humans and nature. The established classification facilitates the process.

The table of hazard classes below will help you navigate the world of waste produced by medical institutions.

Within the institutions, a waste management scheme is established, their qualitative and quantitative composition, responsible persons, methods of disposal, etc. are determined.

Class A

The first type includes safe waste that is not contaminated with infections. This is paper, worn out bed linen, food waste. The garbage does not have a toxic or infectious hazard and should be thrown into a regular trash can. Safe medical waste is collected in white bags. Containers for class A waste are disinfected once a week. This type of garbage is thrown out by hospital staff; its disposal is not controlled, and the volume of garbage is not recorded.

Class B

This type includes objects contaminated with secretions and blood of patients, infected materials from pathology departments, laboratories, operating rooms, and veterinary clinics. In addition, this class includes the discharge of patients themselves, waste after operations and pathological examinations. The yellow bags are for. The air is removed from the bags, and the collected garbage goes to a collection point. There are shredders for recycling specifically for needles from disposable syringes.

Class B

The third is waste that came into contact with patients who had dangerous infectious diseases. This class also includes any materials from laboratories specializing in working with infections of 1st and 2nd degree pathogenicity, raw materials from the departments of phthisiology and mycology. Waste is collected in red bags. The instructions for health care facilities require sealing them after they are three-quarters full. Vaccines are collected in solid containers without access to air. Next, waste of this class is moved into containers, and the disposable container is marked “Extremely hazardous waste.” Waste data is entered into the accounting log.

Class G

Medicinal and industrial waste materials - disinfectants, expired drugs, chemicals, thermometers and mercury light bulbs - belong to. Class G waste is collected in black bags by employees who have been trained in its safe handling. The air-removed bags are then placed in black, labeled containers. This type of waste is removed by people trained to handle toxic waste.

Class D

Class D waste includes all substances and materials with radioactive components. They are formed in the departments of ultrasound, x-ray, MRI, radionuclide and thermographic diagnostics, and interventional radiology. Class D waste includes devices that have expired, as well as consumables for them. For example, ultrasound machines, gamma tomographs and cameras, radiographs. This type of waste also includes materials (dishes, paper, textiles) that have been in contact with equipment. All of them are recorded in the technological log of medical waste of healthcare facilities. Before disposal, devices are dismantled by specialized organizations and rendered inoperative, and then their components are checked for radiation levels and temporarily stored in metal barrels at special sites. The barrels are hermetically sealed with cement.

Disposal methods

In Russia there is no law on medical waste, although there are standards for the education of hospital staff. In the Federal Waste Classification Catalog, valid until 2017, medical waste is not mentioned at all. In the CIS countries the process is just being established government regulation disposal of this type of waste. For example, in the Republic of Belarus, the management of medical waste is controlled by Resolution 147 of 2005.

Most of the medical waste in Russia is disposed of by burying it in landfills along with other waste. This method requires high transport costs, costs for disinfection, change physical fitness waste, and landfills require large exclusion areas and a good control and protection system. Incineration also has significant disadvantages - when burned, medical waste releases harmful substances, so it is necessary to use gas purifiers, which significantly increases the cost of this type of disposal.

Medical waste is destroyed according to hazard classes. For example, A-class waste can be recycled or taken to city landfills; the rules for handling this class are the same as ordinary garbage. Class B waste, after disinfection, is transported to a solid waste landfill or incinerated. Class G requires destruction by thermal method using pyrolysis (in an oxygen-free environment) or an alternative method (chemical or thermochemical disposal). Class D waste is considered hazardous only until the decay of radioisotopes. Until then, they are stored in temporary special areas in sealed metal barrels. After this, the waste becomes safe and is disposed of in solid waste landfills.

Disinfection

According to SanPin 2790 10, medical waste must be neutralized. Each class of waste requires treatment in accordance with its level of hazard. Disinfection is carried out after the waste has been collected and transported to the storage facility. All waste is disinfected, except for class A waste and waste that will be disposed of by incineration.

Disinfection methods are as follows:

Sterilization at temperatures above 100 degrees using pressurized steam in autoclaves.
Neutralization using chemical substances having a bactericidal effect. Chlorine compounds are usually used. Before chemical disinfection, waste is crushed or dissolved.
Exposure to microwaves. The waste is crushed, mixed with water and irradiated with microwaves. The microwave installation creates heat and steam, which neutralize biological hazard. It's relative new way disinfection.
Sterilization by radiation - radioactive, infrared and ionizing. This is a new and currently unpopular method of disinfection. The method has disadvantages: there is a risk of irradiation of people working with waste, in addition, it is impossible to remove radioresistant microorganisms in this way.

Watch the video seminar for medical workers on the topic of healthcare waste. It describes in detail the types of waste according to the degree of danger and the specifics of working with them in medical institutions. The seminar reveals as fully as possible the topic of collection and disposal of waste produced in medicine.

Every day in Russia, tons of medical waste are generated, and they are often disposed of with violations. On the Internet you can find dozens of videos about gross mistakes in working with hazardous waste from healthcare facilities. Unfortunately, in Russia there is not only no law regulating the disposal of medical waste, but also no regulatory body. Let's hope that this problem will be solved at the state level.

Federal Service for Supervision of Rights Protection
consumers and human well-being

2.1.7. SOIL, CLEANING PLACES,
PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION WASTE,
SOIL SANITARY PROTECTION

Sanitary and epidemiological requirements
to medical waste management

SanPiN 2.1.7.2790-10

MOSCOW
2011

1. Developed by the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare (O.I. Aksenova, A.V. Bormashov, A.L. Mishina); Research Institute of Human Ecology and Environmental Hygiene named after. A.N. Sysina RAMS (N.V. Rusakov, I.A. Kryatov, G.I. Korotkova, A.Yu. Orlov, V.A. Mironova, D.E. Kadyrov, N.Yu. Starodubova, O.V. Ushakova , L.V. Kitaeva, V.N. Frolov); OJSC Academy of Public Utilities named after. K.D. Pamfilova" (N.F. Abramov, V.N. Abramov); Federal State Institution “Research Institute of Disinfectology” of Rospotrebnadzor (L.G. Panteleeva, I.M. Abramova, L.S. Fedorova); GOU VPO MMA im. THEM. Sechenov (V.G. Akimkin); GOU DPO SPbMAPO Roszdrav (A.P. Shcherbo, O.V. Mironenko); Federal State Health Institution Federal Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology (T.D. Kuzkina, O.P. Chernyavskaya, E.F. Opochinsky); Office of Rospotrebnadzor in Moscow (N.N. Filatov, S.G. Fokin, E.P. Igonina, L.S. Mamontova, N.A. Radchenko); Federal State Institution “TsGiE in Moscow” (A.V. Ivanenko, I.A. Khrapunova, O.A. Gruzdeva, O.P. Bezsmertnaya); Perm State Technical University (Ya.I. Vaisman, V.N. Korotaev); State Healthcare Institution “Kaluga Regional Bureau of Forensic Medicine (S.I. Lantsov); State Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education SPb State Medical Academy named after. I.I. Mechnikova (E.N. Kolosovskaya, G.B. Eremin, V.A. Nikonov); All-Russian public organization of small and medium-sized businesses “Support of Russia” (N.V. Ushakova).

2. Recommended for approval by the Commission on State Sanitary and Epidemiological Standards under the Federal Service for Surveillance in the Sphere of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare (Minutes dated October 14, 2010 No. 2).

3. Approved by the resolution of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation G.G. Onishchenko dated December 9, 2010 No. 163.

4. Registered with the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation on February 17, 2011, registration number 19871.

“Compliance with sanitary rules is mandatory for citizens, individual entrepreneurs and legal entities” (Article 39).

“For violation of sanitary legislation, disciplinary, administrative and criminal liability is established in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation” (Article 55).

RUSSIAN FEDERATION

RESOLUTION

12/9/2010 Moscow No. 163

On approval of SanPiN 2.1.7.2790-10

"Sanitary and epidemiological

application requirements

with medical waste"

I DECIDE:

Approve sanitary and epidemiological rules and regulations SanPiN 2.1.7.2790-10 “Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the management of medical waste” (appendix).

G.G. Onishchenko

CHIEF STATE SANITARY DOCTOR

RUSSIAN FEDERATION

RESOLUTION

4.03.2011 Moscow No. 18

“Rules for collection, storage and disposal of waste

medical and preventive institutions"

I DECIDE:

Since the introduction of sanitary and epidemiological rules and regulations SanPiN 2.1.7.2790-10 “Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the management of medical waste”, approved by the Decree of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of December 9, 2010 No. 163 and registered by the Ministry of Justice of Russia on February 17, 2011, registration number 19871 , consider the sanitary rules and norms of SanPiN 2.1.7.728-99 “Rules for the collection, storage and disposal of waste from medical institutions”, approved by the Decree of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor No. 2 of January 22, 1999, as no longer in force, as amended by the Decree of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor dated March 16, 2009 No. 15 “On approval of SanPiN 2.1.7.2527-09 “Changes 1 to sanitary rules and regulations SanPiN 2.1.7.728-99 “Rules for the collection, storage and disposal of waste from medical institutions.”

G.G. Onishchenko

Application

2.1.7. SOIL, CLEANING PLACES, PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION WASTE, SOIL SANITARY PROTECTION

Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the management of medical waste

Sanitary and epidemiological rules and regulations

SanPiN 2.1.7.2790-10

. Scope and general provisions

1.1. Sanitary and epidemiological rules and regulations (hereinafter referred to as sanitary rules) have been developed in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

1.2. These sanitary rules establish mandatory sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the handling (collection, temporary storage, disinfection, rendering harmless, transportation) of waste generated in organizations during the implementation of medical and/or pharmaceutical activities, the performance of therapeutic, diagnostic and health procedures (hereinafter referred to as medical waste ), as well as to the placement, equipment and operation of the site for handling medical waste, the sanitary and anti-epidemic regime of work when handling medical waste.

1.3. These sanitary rules are intended for citizens, individual entrepreneurs and legal entities whose activities are related to the management of medical waste.

1.4. Control (supervision) over compliance with these sanitary rules is carried out by bodies exercising control and supervision functions in the field of ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

. Classification of medical waste

2.1. Medical waste depending on the degree of its epidemiological, toxicological and radiation hazard, as well as negative impact The habitat is divided into five hazard classes (table):

Class A - epidemiologically safe waste, similar in composition to municipal solid waste (hereinafter referred to as MSW).

Class B - epidemiologically hazardous waste.

Class IN - extremely epidemiologically hazardous waste.

Class G - toxicologically hazardous waste of hazard classes 1 - 4.

Class D - radioactive waste.

Table 1

Characteristics of morphological composition

Class A

(epidemiologically safe waste, composition close to solid waste)

Waste that does not come into contact with biological fluids of patients or infectious patients.

Stationery, packaging, furniture, equipment that have lost their consumer properties. Estimates for cleaning the area, etc.

Food waste from central catering units, as well as from all departments of an organization carrying out medical and/or pharmaceutical activities, except for infectious diseases, incl. phthisiatric

Class B

(epidemiologically hazardous waste)

Infectious and potentially infectious waste.

Materials and instruments, objects contaminated with blood and/or other biological fluids. Pathological and anatomical waste. Organic surgical waste (organs, tissues, etc.).

Food waste from infectious diseases departments.

Live vaccines not suitable for use

Class B

(extremely epidemiologically hazardous waste)

Materials that have been in contact with patients with infectious diseases, which can lead to emergencies in the field of sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population and require measures for sanitary protection of the territory.

Waste from laboratories, pharmaceutical and immunobiological industries working with microorganisms of pathogenicity groups 1 - 2.

Class G

(toxicologically hazardous waste 1 - 4 classes * hazard)

Medicinal (including cytostatics), diagnostic, disinfectants that should not be used.

Waste from the operation of equipment, transport, lighting systems and others

Class D

Radioactive waste

All types of waste, in any state of aggregation, in which the content of radionuclides exceeds the permissible levels established by radiation safety standards

Name of premises	Minimum area, m 2

	depending on the dimensions of the equipment, but not less than 12
Temporary storage of processed waste (premises are provided if there are no conditions for storage on site)	depending on the power of the site, but not less than 6


Consumables warehouse
Sanitary facilities (dressing room, shower, toilet, storage of cleaning equipment)


Reception and temporary storage (accumulation) of non-disinfected waste
Workroom for waste disinfection		based on the removal of excess heat and moisture *	according to the calculation of heat and moisture excess *	not allowed
Temporary storage of treated waste				not allowed
Washing and disinfection of containers, racks, trolleys				not allowed
Temporary storage room for containers, racks, trolleys
Consumables warehouse
	Type and number of packages	Delivery time for disinfection/temporary storage	Full name of the responsible person	Signature of the responsible person

Appendix 4
(informative)

Name of company______________________________________

Appendix 6
(informative)

Production and consumption waste - remains of raw materials, materials, semi-finished products, other items or products that were formed in the process of production or consumption, as well as goods (products) that have lost their consumer properties.

Waste disposal - processing of waste using technologies leading to the loss of all hazardous properties of waste in order to prevent their harmful effects on human health and the environment.

Disinfection (disinfection) of waste - disinfection of waste, which consists of the destruction (killing) of pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microorganisms contained in waste in order to eliminate their epidemiological danger. Disinfection of waste is carried out by appropriate physical and/or chemical methods of waste treatment (including the hardware method - in specialized installations).

Waste collection- acceptance or receipt of waste from individuals and legal entities for the purpose of further use, neutralization, transportation, and disposal of such waste.

Waste accumulation - temporary storage of waste in places (sites) equipped in accordance with the requirements of legislation in the field of environmental protection and legislation in the field of ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population, for the purpose of their further use, neutralization, disposal, transportation.

Waste disposal - storage and disposal of waste.

Waste storage - maintenance of waste in waste disposal facilities for the purpose of their subsequent burials, disposal or use.

Waste disposal - isolation of waste that is not subject to further use in special storage facilities in order to prevent the entry of harmful substances into the environment.

Transportation of waste - movement of waste using vehicles outside the boundaries of a land plot owned by a legal entity or individual entrepreneur or provided to them on other rights.

Recycling - use of production and consumption waste as secondary resources after appropriate processing. Used waste includes waste that is used in the national economy as raw materials or additives to raw materials for the production of products, as well as as fuel, feed and fertilizers.

Waste use - use of waste for the production of goods (products), performance of work, provision of services or for energy production.

Type of waste- a collection of waste that have common characteristics in accordance with the waste classification system.

Medical waste treatment plants - specialized installations for incineration and disinfection and/or disposal of waste, their processing, permitted for use in the Russian Federation in accordance with the established procedure.

Individual protection means - technical means, materials, including clothing, used to prevent or reduce exposure of workers to harmful or dangerous production factors, as well as to protect against pollution.

12. SP 3.3.2.1248-03 “Conditions for transportation and storage of medical immunobiological preparations” (with amendments and additions).

13. SP 3.3.2342-08 “Ensuring the safety of immunization.”

14. SanPiN 2.2.1/2.1.1.1200-03 “Sanitary protection zones and sanitary classification of enterprises, structures and other objects” (updated edition).

15. SanPiN 2.1.1279-03 “Hygienic requirements for the placement, arrangement and maintenance of cemeteries, buildings and structures for funeral purposes.”

16. SP 1.3.1285-03 “Safety of working with microorganisms I - II pathogenicity (hazard) groups.”

18. MU 3.1.2313-08 “Requirements for the disinfection, destruction and disposal of single-use injection syringes.”

Russian Federation Resolution of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation

On approval of SanPiN 2.1.7.2790-10 "Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the management of medical waste"

set bookmark

CHIEF STATE SANITARY DOCTOR OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

RESOLUTION

dated December 9, 2010 N 163

On approval of SanPiN 2.1.7.2790-10 "Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the management of medical waste"

G.G.Onishchenko

Registered
at the Ministry of Justice
Russian Federation
February 17, 2011,
registration N 19871

Application

Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the management of medical waste

Sanitary and epidemiological rules and regulations
SanPiN 2.1.7.2790-10

I. Scope and general provisions

1.1. Sanitary and epidemiological rules and regulations (hereinafter referred to as sanitary rules) have been developed in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

1.3. These sanitary rules are intended for citizens, individual entrepreneurs and legal entities whose activities are related to the management of medical waste.

II. Classification of medical waste

2.1. Medical waste, depending on the degree of its epidemiological, toxicological and radiation hazard, as well as negative impact on the environment, is divided into five hazard classes (Table 1):

class A - epidemiologically safe waste, similar in composition to municipal solid waste (hereinafter referred to as MSW);

class B - epidemiologically hazardous waste;

class B - extremely epidemiologically hazardous waste;

class G - toxicologically hazardous waste of hazard classes 1-4;

class D - radioactive waste.

Table 1

Hazard Class	Characteristics of morphological composition
Class A (epidemiologically safe waste, composition close to solid waste)	Waste that does not come into contact with biological fluids of patients or infectious patients. Stationery, packaging, furniture, equipment that have lost their consumer properties. Estimates for cleaning the area and so on. Food waste from central catering units, as well as from all departments of an organization carrying out medical and/or pharmaceutical activities, except for infectious diseases, including phthisiatrics
Class B (epidemiologically hazardous waste)	Infectious and potentially infectious waste. Materials and instruments, objects contaminated with blood and/or other biological fluids. Pathological and anatomical waste. Organic surgical waste (organs, tissues, etc.). Food waste from infectious diseases departments. Waste from microbiological, clinical diagnostic laboratories, pharmaceutical, immunobiological industries working with microorganisms of 3-4 pathogenicity groups. Biological waste from vivariums. Live vaccines not suitable for use
Class B (extremely epidemiologically hazardous waste)	Materials that have been in contact with patients with infectious diseases, which can lead to emergencies in the field of sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population and require measures for sanitary protection of the territory. Waste from laboratories, pharmaceutical and immunobiological industries working with microorganisms of pathogenicity groups 1-2.
	Waste from treatment and diagnostic departments of phthisiatric hospitals (dispensaries), contaminated with the sputum of patients, waste from microbiological laboratories working with tuberculosis pathogens
Class G (toxicologically hazardous waste of hazard classes 1-4)	Medicinal (including cytostatics), diagnostic, disinfectants that should not be used.
Class D (radioactive waste)	All types of waste in any state of aggregation, in which the content of radionuclides exceeds the permissible levels established by radiation safety standards

________________

10.2. General requirements to the site.

The site can be located either in a separate building in an economic zone with access roads, or as part of a building, including in basements with autonomous exhaust ventilation (with the exception of installations for waste disposal by incineration and pyrolysis). Distance from residential and public buildings to a site equipped with an installation for waste destruction by incineration, pyrolysis is determined in accordance with legal requirements.

The site must be provided with sewerage, water supply, electricity, heating and autonomous ventilation. Space-planning and design solutions for the premises of the site must ensure flow technological process and the possibility of observing the principle of separation into “clean” and “dirty” zones.

Reception, processing (neutralization or disinfection), temporary storage (accumulation) of waste, washing and disinfection of trolley racks, containers and other equipment used to move waste are carried out on the site.

10.3. Requirements for site premises.

The premises of the site provide for a conditional division into zones:

“dirty”, which includes a reception and temporary storage room for incoming medical waste, a waste treatment room equipped with installations for the disinfection/disposal of class B and C waste, and a washing and disinfection room. For small volumes, it is possible to temporarily store incoming waste and disinfect it in one room. When storing waste of classes B and C for more than 24 hours, refrigeration equipment is provided;
“clean”, which includes storage rooms for disinfected/neutralized waste, washed and disinfected means of transporting waste (joint temporary storage in one room is possible), a warehouse for consumables, a staff room, a bathroom, and a shower.

The height of the premises is taken in accordance with the dimensions of the installed equipment, but not less than 2.6 m.

10.4. The surface of walls, floors and ceilings must be smooth, resistant to moisture, detergents and disinfectants. The floors are covered with moisture-resistant material, non-slip and resistant to mechanical stress.

The external and internal surfaces of furniture and equipment must be smooth, made of materials that are resistant to moisture, detergents and disinfectants.

10.5. Lighting requirements.

All premises are provided with combined or artificial lighting in accordance with hygienic requirements for natural, artificial and combined lighting of residential and public buildings. In industrial premises, the level of artificial illumination should be at least 200 lux.

Lamps must have closed diffusers. Cleaning of lamps should be done at least 2 times a year.

10.6. Requirements for organizing air exchange.

The air exchange of the site premises must ensure the maintenance of acceptable microclimate parameters and compliance with hygienic standards for the content of pollutants in the air working area and meet the requirements presented in Appendix 2 to these sanitary rules.

The ventilation device must prevent overflow air masses from “dirty” areas (rooms) to “clean” ones.

Autonomous supply and exhaust ventilation with mechanical impulse. The air exchange scheme is determined by the technological task. The frequency of air exchange in the hood and the need to install local suction are determined by calculation depending on the type, quantity and power of the technological equipment.

Exhaust ventilation with mechanical drive without an organized inflow device is provided from the premises of the “dirty” zone.

10.7. Requirements for indoor microclimate.

The air temperature in production premises should be within 18-25°C, relative humidity no higher than 75%.

10.8. Requirements for water supply and sewerage.

Basic industrial premises(for receiving and temporary storage of waste, decontamination, washing and disinfection of inventory and equipment) must be equipped with a watering tap and floor drains (pallets). A sink for hand washing is provided in the waste decontamination/disposal room.

10.9. Requirements for site equipment.

The arrangement of equipment should be carried out taking into account ensuring free access to all equipment. The distance from the walls to the equipment must be at least 0.6 m, and from the side of the service area - at least 1.0 m. The minimum dimensions of passages must be at least 0.6 m.

Waste reception and temporary storage premises are equipped with scales.

Temporary storage and waste decontamination/neutralization premises are equipped with bactericidal irradiators or other air disinfection devices.

10.10. Hygienic requirements for the maintenance of premises, equipment and inventory.

All premises, equipment, inventory must be kept clean. Routine cleaning is carried out using a wet method, at least once a day, using detergents and disinfectants. General cleaning carried out at least once a month. Walls, furniture, technological equipment, floor. Use a rag soaked in a disinfectant solution to wipe the equipment, remove visible dirt from the walls, and then wash the floor.

Cleaning equipment, separate for “clean” and “dirty” areas, must be clearly marked indicating the types of cleaning work, used strictly for their intended purpose and stored separately in storerooms or lockers of the main production premises.

Annex 1
to SanPiN 2.1.7.2790-10

Composition and minimum area of premises in the waste management area of classes B and C

________________

For newly constructed and reconstructed buildings.

When the volume of processed waste is up to 200 liters per day, a minimum set of premises consisting of two zones is allowed in accordance with clause 10.3.

	Name of premises	Minimum area, sq.m
	Reception and temporary storage (accumulation) of non-disinfected waste
		depending on the dimensions of the equipment, but not less than 12
	Temporary storage of processed waste (premises are provided if there are no conditions for storage on site)	depending on the power of the site, but not less than 6


	Consumables warehouse

Appendix 2
to SanPiN 2.1.7.2790-10

Design temperatures, air exchange rates in the premises of the medical waste management area of classes B and C

Names of premises	Internal temperature	Air exchange rate	Exhaust ratio at
				natural air exchange

Reception and temporary storage (accumulation) of non-disinfected waste, reception of non-disinfected waste
Workroom for waste disinfection		based on the removal of heat and moisture surplus	according to the calculation of heat and moisture surplus	not allowed
Temporary storage of treated waste				not allowed
Washing and disinfection of containers, racks, trolleys				not allowed
Temporary storage room for containers, racks, carts
Consumables warehouse
Sanitary facilities (dressing room, shower, toilet, storage of cleaning equipment)		influx from the corridor	75 m/h at 1 d.s.
Staff room with workplace

________________
Depending on the technology and type of equipment.

Medical waste is classified depending on the danger it poses to the population and environmental situation. According to SanPin 2.1.7.2790-10, medical waste is divided into five hazard classes:

class A- epidemiologically safe waste, similar in composition to solid household waste;
class B- epidemiologically hazardous waste;
class B- extremely epidemiologically hazardous waste;
class G- toxicologically hazardous waste;
class D- radioactive waste.

Class A

Waste of this class includes garbage after cleaning the ward, office and area, food waste, office supplies, packaging, cardboard boxes, furniture and equipment. Class A medical waste is waste that has not had contact with the biological fluids of patients. Category A waste is considered safe because its composition is similar to ordinary household waste.

But it is worth remembering that food waste from infectious diseases and tuberculosis departments represents great danger for humans, therefore they belong to class B and require treatment different from class A waste.

Class A waste is collected in white plastic bags marked “Class A medical waste”, after which they are sent for destruction to a solid waste landfill.

Class B

Since Class B medical waste poses an epidemiological threat, a special approach to collection, storage and disposal is applied to it.

Class B medical waste includes:

infected and potentially infectious waste;
food waste from infectious diseases departments;
materials and tools, objects contaminated with blood and/or other biological fluids;
organic operational waste - organs, tissues, etc.;
pathological waste;
waste from microbiological, clinical diagnostic laboratories, pharmaceutical, immunobiological industries working with microorganisms of 3-4 pathogenicity groups;
biological waste from vivariums;
live vaccines unsuitable for use.

Class B waste is packaged in yellow bags and containers marked “Class B waste”. When working with class B waste, employees medical organizations comply with the following safety requirements:

disposable bags and containers are mounted on special movable trolleys;
containers for sharp instruments are filled within 1-2 days, but not more than three days;
packages within work shift should be no more than three-quarters full, and their weight should not exceed 10 kilograms.

When closing filled bags and containers, all air is removed from them using ties, special fasteners and lids to prevent waste from spilling out during transportation and storage. Waste is moved only using mechanical means: lifts, carts and elevators.

Disposal of class B waste occurs only after disinfection by physical methods - formaldehyde cabinets, steam chambers, and so on. When the waste material is ready to be sent to the final disposal point, the responsible person fills out an accompanying form in which he notes the nature of the waste, the place of collection, the date and the name of the packer.

Class B

Class B medical waste poses a serious epidemiological hazard, since this category of waste includes materials that have been in contact with infectious sources:

materials that have been in contact with infectious patients;
waste from laboratories and industries working with microorganisms of pathogenicity groups 1 - 2;

waste from tuberculosis dispensaries and laboratories working with tuberculosis pathogens.

The destruction of class B waste must be preceded by disinfection. Waste is collected: in disposable bags and red containers with a tight-fitting lid.

Waste is stored in a temporary storage room. The storage room must be equipped with a ventilation system, centralized water supply and sewerage, a sink for hand hygiene, and equipment for washing and disinfecting containers. Also, bactericidal irradiators are installed here, designed to disinfect the air after waste removal and wet cleaning.

Class G

This group includes medical waste of toxicity classes 1-4. Medical waste of class G is medicinal, disinfectant and diagnostic products that are expired, defective and used. This also includes cytostatic drugs, mercury-containing items, waste from pharmaceutical enterprises that are not subject to further use.

Class G waste contains toxic substances:

medicinal, diagnostic, disinfectants that cannot be used;
devices and equipment containing mercury;
pharmaceutical waste;
waste from the operation of equipment, transport and lighting systems.

The medical organization does not disinfect this class of waste on its own. They are collected in sealed containers marked “Class G” and delivered to a specialized production facility, where such waste is disinfected and then sent for destruction or reuse.

Waste of this category is collected in disposable packaging marked “Class G waste”. Use black packaging. Cytostatics and those wastes that arise during the manufacture of solutions (ampoules, vials, etc.) are decontaminated before collection and processing. This is done without fail using special means.

Transportation of Class G waste for disposal is carried out only by specialized companies that have a license for this type of activity.

Class D

Class D medical waste is a hazardous material, careless handling of which can lead to serious consequences for the population and nature as a whole. Class D includes waste containing radioactive isotopes. This includes equipment, instruments and substances used for radiological diagnostics.

Collection, disinfection and disposal of this waste is carried out specialized organizations with a license for this type of activity.

Waste storage different classes in one container is not allowed. It is prohibited to move waste manually - carts, elevators, lifts and trucks are used. Open storage and contact of medical personnel with waste of classes B, C, D and D outside the medical department is unacceptable.

To organize work with medical waste, the head of a healthcare facility must:

draw up and approve local regulations regarding the management of medical waste;
provide the material and technical base for storage, transportation and disposal of medical waste;
organize training and admission of employees;
organize medical examinations and safety briefings for health care facility employees when working with waste of different classes;
organize a site for handling waste categories B and C;
develop a system for accounting for medical waste of class B and C;
organize monitoring of compliance with legal requirements in the field of medical waste management;
conclude an agreement with third-party organizations for the removal, disinfection and disposal of medical waste.

These procedures are carried out according to the current regulations medical institution waste management scheme. The scheme is approved by the head of the institution.

The diagram reflects:

collection and storage procedure;
export procedure;
disinfection methods;
quantitative and qualitative content;
standards for the generation of medical waste;
estimated need for containers for collecting medical waste.

In addition, this document specifies safety requirements for personnel and information on conducting training for employees of a medical organization.

Personal safety requirements for personnel when collecting waste

Only adults are allowed to work with medical waste of all classes. Before working with medical waste, employees of medical organizations undergo safety training. Employees also undergo regular medical examinations and receive vaccinations according to the preventive vaccination calendar. When working with medical waste, employees wear special clothing and, if necessary, are provided with personal protective equipment: masks, respirators, gloves, overalls, and so on.

Medical waste poses an epidemiological and environmentally. Negligent attitude to the rules of working with medical waste can lead to serious consequences with a risk to life.

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