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Mushroom records. The largest mushrooms in the world

Mushrooms are a special form of life that combines the characteristics of plants and animals. Among them there are record holders for height and weight. Biologists believe that giant mushrooms are not an anomaly. Any mushroom can become a giant if it grows in favorable conditions. And oddly enough, most of the largest mushrooms are edible, which by some miracle did not end up in the mushroom picker’s basket and were not eaten by animals.

The list includes the largest mushrooms in the world, which became known to the media.

weight 2 kg

Unlocks ten large mushrooms. The record holder was discovered by a young gardener, Terri Hodson-Walker, after the rainy season. The width of the giant's cap was approximately 46 centimeters, and he weighed 2 kilograms. After the discovery, the girl decided to submit an application to the Guinness Book of Records so that the macromycete would be officially recognized as the largest mushroom in the world. The scientific name of the discovered mushroom is Calvatia gigantea. This is an ordinary raincoat that can be found almost all over the world. This type can reach colossal sizes, but often becomes a victim of forest animals who are not averse to feasting on the raincoat.

Boletus from Russia weight 2.4 kg

Another contender for the title of the largest mushroom in the world was discovered in the Tomsk region. Local mushroom picker Alexey Korol found a giant boletus mushroom in the forest near his village. The diameter of the giant mushroom cap was 36 centimeters, and the height of the stem was 28 cm. The weight of the record holder was 2 kilograms 400 grams! As the Rossiya TV channel noted, this is not some mutant alien from outer space, but common boletus, not even wormy.

Lingzhi from China weight 7.5 kg

The found huge lacquered tinder fungus, or as it is called in China - (Ganoderma lucidum) - weighs 7.5 kg and its diameter is 107 cm. The find was discovered in one of the provincial Chinese cities of Hezhou. This mushroom belongs to the genus Ganoderma, which has been used in Chinese medicine. It is also called the “mushroom of immortality.” Lingzhi is believed to boost immunity through active compounds called polysaccharides, which can increase the activity of white blood cells. The impressive size and weight of the tinder fungus allow it to occupy one of the rankings of the largest mushrooms in the world.

Raincoat from Russia weight 12 kg

The largest mushroom in Russia is found by mushroom picker Vladislav Grabosinsky in the fall of 2011 in Perm region. The diameter of the giant's cap was 1 meter and 72 centimeters, and the height was about half a meter. The weight of the find exceeded 12 kilograms. Biologists do not consider this find to be rare. Raincoats grew in size and reached 20 kg in weight. Puffballs are eaten when they are still young. Since it was too late to eat the giant, Vladislav took him to the Department of Botany for study. Perm University. This edible miracle was included in the Guinness Book of Records.

Champignon from Italy weight 14 kg

In Italy, a kind of record was also recorded. A huge champignon, weighing approximately 14 kilograms, was found by Francesco Quito, a resident of the province of Baria. Despite the fact that the mushroom was discovered near the village, Francesco could hardly carry it on his shoulder, so he had to use a car. The mushroom turned out to be unspoiled and edible. I had to call my neighbors to eat such a giant.

Macromycete from China weight 15 kg

A giant one was discovered in the Chinese province of Yunnan, weighing 15 kilograms. The mushroom not only turned out to be huge, but also had unusual shape. Outwardly, it resembled a hundred small mushroom caps growing on one stem! The diameter of the cap reached almost 1 meter. Scientists have not yet determined what species the eccentric fungal organism belongs to.

Macrocybe Titans from USA weight 20 kg

If we talk about traditional macromycetes in the usual sense, then the leader in size can be called, which grows in the Caribbean countries and the USA. In one of the southern Mexican states in 2007, a specimen was found whose mass was 20 kg and height - about 70 cm. However, this find is not the only one. In 2005, in the United States, Mexican biologist and mushroom specialist Rene Andrade came across the same mushroom, which also grew on a coffee plantation, and its weight was as much as 28 kilograms. Such big sizes make this macromycete the object of close attention of the scientific community.

Macromycete from Canada weight 26 kg

Canadian macromycetes can also compete in size. Canadian resident Christian Therrien discovered a raincoat weighing 26 kilograms. A man discovered a mushroom while walking with his son in the forest. The Canadians were amazed by their discovery and admitted that they had never seen such large raincoats in their lives. They took the mushroom home and had a photo shoot with it.

Fomitiporia ellipsoidea from China weight 500 kg

Another mushroom, found and studied by Chinese mycologists, grew 10.85 meters in height with a cap width of 82-88 cm. Scientists believe that this outstanding representative of the mushroom kingdom has been growing for at least 20 years. The giant tinder fungus with the world's largest fruiting body was found on Hainan Island in 2010, and has now been studied and classified. The brown monster turned out to be a perennial tree fungus - a representative of the species. One of the authors of the discovery, Yu Cheng Dai, from the Institute of Applied Ecology (IAE) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, says that he and his colleagues first found solid specimens of the same mushroom in Fujian province back in 2008. But still, those macromycetes were not as large as the giant from Hainan. Interestingly, the authors of the study did not deliberately look for the record holder, but simply studied the diversity of tree fungi in the forests of the island. “None of us ever imagined that a mushroom could grow so huge,” says Professor Dai. “We didn’t recognize him right away in the forest because he was too big.” Biologists estimated the volume of this mushroom at 409-525 thousand cm3, and its weight at approximately 500 kilograms. Discovered by scientists, F. ellipsoidea grows underground, so it for a long time remained unnoticed and was able to grow to such an impressive size.

Armillaria ostoyae from USA weight more than 600 kg

The first line of the rating is occupied by the most big mushroom in the world that mycologists discovered in the relict forests of the USA. It is considered the largest living creature on the planet. This giant belongs to the Armillaria family, whose representatives have been known for their size for quite some time. Most of this living organism was underground; only small mushrooms could be clearly seen on the surface. The name of these macromycetes is otherwise called honey mushrooms. One such honey fungus fits easily in the hand and is not too noticeable. But his mycelium, which is a single organism, occupied in national park Oregon 880 hectares of area! Its tentacles are located underground and entangle an area equal in size to 1,665 football fields. The mycelium grew throughout the Oregon forests for about 2,500 years, destroying root systems trees on its way. That is why this macromycete is considered the largest on the planet.

From time to time information appears in the media that the largest mushroom in the world has been discovered new record changes among similar creatures. According to biologists, the huge parameters of the new finds are a natural phenomenon and are not a sign of any anomaly. These representatives of a special form of life, which combine characteristics characteristic of plants and animals, can grow to enormous sizes if favorable conditions are created for them.

Scientists find it surprising that many of the giant mushrooms discovered are edible. It is amazing that these giants were able to survive and grow to impressive sizes, despite the efforts of many mushroom pickers and the love of animals to feast on fresh mushrooms.

In the Oregon forests located in the United States, biologists were able to discover a fungus that is striking in its size. True, the terrestrial part of this record holder cannot surprise – Armillaria ostoyae fits in the palm of your hand. We know these mushrooms as honey mushrooms. Scientists were really surprised by the size of the mycelium, which is impressive with its parameters:

the area occupied by the rhizome of the fungus is 880 hectares;
Mycelium can cover about 1,665 football fields;
the age of formation of the fungal root system is 2500 years;
the estimated weight of the mycelium is more than 600 kg.

Biologists, after conducting research, have established that the discovered Armillaria ostoyae is not only the largest among other mushrooms, but also the greatest living creature on the planet. Even the roots of some centuries-old trees were destroyed by the mycelium of this giant.

In 2010, a huge tree fungus, Phellinus ellipsoideus, was discovered in China. In about 20 years, it managed to reach a height of 10.85 m. The width of its cap reaches 88 cm. Scientists managed to discover it while studying various tree mushrooms on the island of Hainan. The giant grew underground, which prevented it from being discovered earlier. According to a rough estimate by biologists, the weight of Phellinus ellipsoideus reaches 500 kg.

In 2005, a Mexican biologist in the United States found a macrocybe mushroom that grew between coffee trees and weighed 28 kg. Two years later, another macrocybe of impressive size was discovered on a coffee plantation in Mexico. The giant, found in 2007, towered 70 cm above the ground. Its weight was 20 kg. Now scientists are trying to determine whether coffee trees have positive influence on mushrooms, which promotes their rapid growth.

Christian Terren discovered a raincoat in the forest that was amazing in its size. This mushroom was found in Canada. A raincoat weighing 26 kg was first encountered in this country. It was discovered by chance and immediately hit the pages of newspapers. Thanks to its hidden location and favorable weather conditions the mushroom was able to reach colossal sizes.

Biologists still cannot determine the type of mushroom found in the Yunnan province of China. This amazing creature had one leg and a lot of small caps that merged into one top. The diameter of such an unusual cap reached 1 m. The macromycete weighed 15 kg.

The real giant was discovered in the Italian province of Baria. A resident of one of the villages near his home came across a huge champignon. The weight of the find reached 14 kg. A thorough examination showed that this giant is quite edible. The champignon was taken home by a lucky mushroom picker and cooked. There were enough dishes from it to arrange a small feast for the inhabitants of the house and their neighbors.

Another record holder was a huge raincoat, weighing 12 kg. This giant mushroom was found in the Perm region. But, according to biologists, larger raincoats are also found in Russia. According to unconfirmed reports, micromycetes were identified, the weight of which reached 20 kg. The found mushroom was taken to Perm University for study.

The varnished tinder fungus also takes pride of place among the largest mushrooms. Residents of the small Chinese town of Hezhou managed to discover the giant. The Chinese call this mushroom lingzhi. It has been used for more than 2000 years in alternative medicine for the preparation of healing potions. The weight of the find was 7.5 kg, and the diameter of this giant reached 107 cm.

Another mushroom of significant size was discovered in Russia. A huge boletus was found by a resident of the Tomsk region. The hat of the discovered giant reached 36 cm in diameter. The stem of the mushroom rose 28 cm above the ground. The mushroom was edible and not damaged by worms. Weighing showed that the found giant weighs 2.4 kg.

After the rainy season, a young girl from England managed to discover a huge raincoat. The diameter of the giant was 46 cm, and its weight was 2 kg. For rainy England, such huge mushrooms are not at all uncommon. True, they rarely grow to such sizes. Often forest animals feast on them or they end up in the baskets of mushroom pickers.

You can relax in different ways. For some it is reading a book or watching a long-awaited film, for others it is a picnic with noise and barbecue. Standing somewhat apart are people who prefer to spend time in nature in an interesting, if lucky, profitable way. Hunting for animals and/or birds, fishing, mushroom picking. The last type of active pastime in the forest always has its fans. It's enough for someone to admire autumn forest, breathing fresh air, someone definitely needs to find the largest mushroom in the world in order to surprise everyone, hang up their photo with a miracle of nature in their hands. , which both neophytes and experienced mushroom pickers can count on when going on a quiet hunt.

Giants of Russia

When talking about mushroom picking, of course, most people mean absolutely edible mushrooms, having a familiar shape, color and delicious smell, and not those varieties that frighten you with their mere appearance, and they must be prepared with the caution of a Japanese chef conjuring puffer fish.

First of all, these are mushrooms whose names are familiar from childhood, and whose collection experience goes back centuries:

Boletus. The most recently described case of finding a giant specimen, about which there was a short TV report on the Rossiya TV channel, occurred in 2011 in the Omsk region. Alexey Korol, a mushroom picker with considerable experience, found a mushroom with a cap diameter of 36 cm. The height of the giant’s leg is 28 cm, weight is 2.4 kg. What was especially surprising and pleasing about the find was that it turned out not to be wormy.

Mushroom, which many mushroom pickers consider the only one worthy of pickling. Mentions of preparation methods can be found even in monastery chronicles. By the way, in the West it is considered inedible. The mushroom is very dense, so even with its small size it is quite weighty. Unfortunately, there were no reliable facts about the record load. It is only known that the cap is 25 cm in diameter; almost a kilogram weight is not the limit for it.

Ryzhik. The second most important mushroom for pickling, but has great taste and fried. You can also salt it and bake it over a fire right in the forest. The cap is 20 cm, the weight is about 0.5 kg - the limit for an edible specimen, which no one has ever enjoyed before the mushroom picker.

Oil can. Those who have at least once tasted the taste of buttered potatoes fried with onions, are happy to collect them in clean coniferous forests. This mushroom is not striking in size. Unfortunately, it is highly valued not only by people, but also by forest dwellers, from worms to squirrels. Therefore, you should not wait for record sizes, but send the boletus into the basket.

Porcini mushroom or boletus is the dream of many, king Russian forests. The mushroom is very dense, with a rich (even dried) smell. There is information about a find in 1961 in forest near Moscow a porcini mushroom with a 60-centimeter cap that weighed about 11 kg, which is impressive. This is the biggest one to date White mushroom in the world, but nothing lasts forever, and a new record awaits its lucky owner.

Some facts:

Fungi are living organisms, not lower plants, as previously thought. At the same time, they combine some characteristics of animals and plants.
There are more than 100 thousand. various types, of which for lovers quiet hunt Macromycetes are of interest.
These are cap mushrooms with massive fruiting bodies that are so nice to put in a basket. These also include puffballs and tinder mushrooms, which, as they say, are not for everyone. A separate species, a variety of “macromycete” mushrooms, as they like to mindlessly label the find in many photographs, does not exist.
Of all the others, the only thing of interest to lovers of forest walks is the medicinal birch mushroom - chaga, which is not difficult to find; yeast, which was used to make dough for pies on the road; tea mushroom, giving a sour drink that perfectly quenches thirst after a quiet hunt.
Scientists divide all cap mushrooms, which are of the greatest interest to mushroom pickers, into two more groups: basidiomycetes and marsupials.
For example, boletus, boletus, milk mushroom, oiler, honey fungus, saffron milk cap are basidial, and the famous truffle and mushrooms with unpleasant names: morel, string - are marsupial mushrooms.

Miracles on a global scale

News about foreign achievements in the search for record mushrooms is also interesting, although it often evokes mixed feelings. But first things first, immediately discarding the “information” with the obvious use of Photoshop about “macromycetes” found all over the world with multi-meter legs, caps, weighing hundreds of kilograms:

Truffle. A very tasty mushroom, most valued by gourmets, weighing 7 kg was found in the south of Italy. A real record.

Lingzhi or lacquered tinder fungus. A 7.5-kilogram specimen was found in China. It also grows in Russia - in warm climates. Black Sea coast Caucasus. Considering that this medicine traditional medicine, By appearance differs little from birch chaga, with nutritional value equal to zero, it is unlikely that he should be included among the contenders for victory.

Champignon. A specimen weighing 14 kg was found in Italy.

Raincoats of enormous size - from 0.5 to 1.72 (!) m in diameter, found from Russia, Great Britain to Canada. Since the nutritional and taste value of this bag of spores is very conditional, and, according to the Russian “table of ranks”, among edible mushrooms it is classified in the 4th, last category (little known, rarely collected), it is unlikely that these giants should be considered successful finds, shocked the world.

If we agree with the Guinness Book of Records, then the first place was taken by the Americans, who accidentally discovered a giant mycelium that had lived quietly for 2,500 years, slowly destroying a relict forest in Oregon on an area of 880 (!) hectares, with only small fruits on the surface measuring a few centimeters in size.

Armed with the advanced achievements of American propaganda, they awarded it the title of “the largest mushroom in the world” and are now resting on their laurels, while a lot of sites trustingly copy the amazing, exciting story about this “macromycete”. It seems that with the same success the biggest mushroom can be considered what is located under Belovezhskaya Pushcha in Belarus, the Siberian or Far Eastern taiga. Then the scale of records will reach a new level, unprecedented in the United States.

The list includes the largest mushrooms in the world, which became known to the media.

10

Calvatia gigantea from England weight 2 kg

Unlocks ten large mushrooms Calvatia gigantea from England. The record holder was discovered by a young gardener, Terri Hodson-Walker, after the rainy season. The width of the giant's cap was approximately 46 centimeters, and he weighed 2 kilograms. After the discovery, the girl decided to submit an application to the Guinness Book of Records so that the macromycete would be officially recognized as the largest mushroom in the world. The scientific name of the discovered mushroom is Calvatia gigantea. This is an ordinary raincoat that can be found almost all over the world. This species can reach colossal sizes, but often becomes a victim of forest animals that are not averse to feasting on the raincoat.

9

Boletus from Russia weight 2.4 kg

Another contender for the title of the largest mushroom in the world is boletus from Russia, discovered in the Tomsk region. Local mushroom picker Alexey Korol found a giant boletus mushroom in the forest near his village. The diameter of the giant mushroom cap was 36 centimeters, and the height of the stem was 28 cm. The weight of the record holder was 2 kilograms 400 grams! As the Rossiya TV channel noted, this is not some mutant alien from outer space, but an ordinary boletus, not even worm-eaten.

8

Lingzhi from China weight 7.5 kg

Found a huge lacquered tinder fungus, or as it is called in China - lingzhi(Ganoderma lucidum) - weighs 7.5 kg, and its diameter is 107 cm. The find was discovered in one of the provincial Chinese cities of Hezhou. This mushroom belongs to the genus Ganoderma, which has been used in Chinese medicine for over 2000 years. It is also called the “mushroom of immortality.” Lingzhi is believed to boost immunity through active compounds called polysaccharides, which can increase the activity of white blood cells. The impressive size and weight of the tinder fungus allow it to occupy one of the rankings of the largest mushrooms in the world.

7

Raincoat from Russia weight 12 kg

The largest mushroom in Russia is raincoat, found by mushroom picker Vladislav Grabosinsky in the fall of 2011 in the Perm region. The diameter of the giant's cap was 1 meter and 72 centimeters, and the height was about half a meter. The weight of the find exceeded 12 kilograms. Biologists do not consider this find to be rare. Raincoats grew in size and reached 20 kg in weight. Puffballs are eaten when they are still young. Since it was too late to eat the giant, Vladislav took him to the Department of Botany of Perm University for study. This edible miracle was included in the Guinness Book of Records.

6

Champignon from Italy weight 14 kg

5

Macromycete from China weight 15 kg

A giant giant was discovered in Yunnan Province, China. macromycete, weighing 15 kilograms. The mushroom not only turned out to be huge, but also had an unusual shape. Outwardly, it resembled a hundred small mushroom caps growing on one stem! The diameter of the cap reached almost 1 meter. Scientists have not yet determined what species the eccentric fungal organism belongs to.

4

Macrocybe Titans from USA weight 20 kg

If we talk about traditional macromycetes in the usual sense, then the leader in size can be called Macrocybe Titans, which grows in the Caribbean and the United States. In one of the southern Mexican states in 2007, a specimen was found whose mass was 20 kg and height - about 70 cm. However, this find is not the only one. In 2005, in the United States, Mexican biologist and mushroom specialist Rene Andrade came across the same mushroom, which also grew on a coffee plantation, and its weight was as much as 28 kilograms. Such large sizes make this macromycete the object of close attention of the scientific community.

3

Macromycete from Canada weight 26 kg

2

Fomitiporia ellipsoidea from China weight 500 kg

Another mushroom, found and studied by Chinese mycologists, grew 10.85 meters in height with a cap width of 82-88 cm. Scientists believe that this outstanding representative of the mushroom kingdom has been growing for at least 20 years. The giant tinder fungus with the world's largest fruiting body was found on Hainan Island in 2010, and has now been studied and classified. The brown monster turned out to be a perennial tree fungus - a representative of the species Fomitiporia ellipsoidea. One of the authors of the discovery, Yu Cheng Dai, from the Institute of Applied Ecology (IAE) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, says that he and his colleagues first found solid specimens of the same mushroom in Fujian province back in 2008. But still, those macromycetes were not as large as the giant from Hainan. Interestingly, the authors of the study did not deliberately look for the record holder, but simply studied the diversity of tree fungi in the forests of the island. “None of us ever imagined that a mushroom could grow so huge,” says Professor Dai. “We didn’t recognize him right away in the forest because he was too big.” Biologists estimated the volume of this mushroom at 409-525 thousand cm3, and its weight at approximately 500 kilograms. Discovered by scientists, F. ellipsoidea grows underground, so it went unnoticed for a long time and was able to grow to such an impressive size.

1

Armillaria ostoyae from the USA, weight more than 600 kg

The first line of the ranking is occupied by the largest mushroom in the world, which mycologists discovered in the relict forests of the USA. It is considered the largest living creature on the planet. This giant belongs to the Armillaria family, whose representatives have been known for their size for quite some time. Most of this living organism was underground; only small mushrooms could be clearly seen on the surface. The name of these macromycetes is Armillaria ostoyae or otherwise they are called honey mushrooms. One such honey fungus fits easily in the hand and is not too noticeable. But its mycelium, which is a single organism, occupied 880 hectares of area in the Oregon National Park! Its tentacles are located underground and entangle an area equal in size to 1,665 football fields. The mycelium has been growing throughout Oregon forests for about 2,500 years, destroying the root systems of trees in its path. That is why this macromycete is considered the largest on the planet.

The list includes the largest mushrooms in the world, which became known to the media.

10

Calvatia gigantea from England weight 2 kg

9

Boletus from Russia weight 2.4 kg

8

Lingzhi from China weight 7.5 kg

7

Raincoat from Russia weight 12 kg

6

Champignon from Italy weight 14 kg

5

Macromycete from China weight 15 kg

4

Macrocybe Titans from USA weight 20 kg

3

Macromycete from Canada weight 26 kg

2

Fomitiporia ellipsoidea from China weight 500 kg

Another mushroom, found and studied by Chinese mycologists, grew 10.85 meters in height with a cap width of 82-88 cm. Scientists believe that this outstanding representative of the mushroom kingdom has been growing for at least 20 years. The giant tinder fungus with the world's largest fruiting body was found on Hainan Island in 2010, and has now been studied and classified. The brown monster turned out to be a perennial tree fungus - a representative of the species Fomitiporia ellipsoidea. One of the authors of the discovery, Yu Cheng Dai, from the Institute of Applied Ecology (IAE) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, says that he and his colleagues first found solid specimens of the same mushroom in Fujian province back in 2008. But still, those macromycetes were not as large as the giant from Hainan. Interestingly, the authors of the study did not deliberately look for the record holder, but simply studied the diversity of tree fungi in the forests of the island. “None of us ever imagined that a mushroom could grow so huge,” says Professor Dai. “We didn’t recognize him right away in the forest because he was too big.” Biologists estimated the volume of this mushroom at 409-525 thousand cm3, and its weight at approximately 500 kilograms. Discovered by scientists, F. ellipsoidea grows underground, so it went unnoticed for a long time and was able to grow to such an impressive size.

1

Armillaria ostoyae from the USA, weight more than 600 kg

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