Breeding broilers as a business where to start. We grow broilers for meat: a profitable business idea

A broiler is a type of chicken that is raised for meat. Breeding broilers brings profit to the owners of poultry farms. There are two lines of business - raising chickens for sale live or fattening grown broilers with subsequent slaughter. To organize a poultry farm on your site, study the requirements for such enterprises and draw up a business plan for future production.

Broiler breeding concept

Unlike many other types of animal husbandry, raising chickens is economically viable. So, for growing a bull for meat, an entrepreneur spends a year or two, and the term for fattening a broiler is 70 days. The activities of a large poultry farm include the following areas:

• fattening and rearing chickens;
• incubation of chickens from eggs;
• selection work to develop new breeds and hybrids;
• sales of meat and by-products;
• feed production.

Floor rearing of broilers requires large areas

If you are not ready for the investment, start small: try raising day old chicks from eggs. The cost of one egg - from 8 rubles / piece, and chickens can be sold three times more expensive - for 20–25 rubles / piece. Having successfully sold chickens, you will recoup the costs of purchasing eggs and receive funds for the purchase of a new batch. Then you can only deal with the sale of chickens or develop a business and grow broilers.

Positive sides and risks of business

The obvious advantages of the "chicken" business are the short period of growing chickens and the small area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe chicken coop. The broiler reaches a weight of 1.7 kg in 60–70 days, and the planting density when kept in cages is 20 heads per 1 square meter. m.

Growing broilers does not require special feed and equipment. The main thing is to provide enough heat and light, as well as follow the diet.

Risks you may face:

• infection, which leads to a decrease in the number of birds;
• lack of weight of broilers due to poor quality feed;
• fluctuations in market prices for meat.

To prevent risks, buy eggs only from breeding poultry farms, enter into supply contracts and prescribe the responsibilities of the parties. Purchase chicks at the age of one month from reputable hatcheries. Grow as many heads as you can sell.

Broiler technologies

As mentioned above, broilers can be raised for meat or for the sale of chickens, while the technologies differ.

To get meat

The entrepreneur buys one month old chicks and puts them in a chicken coop with enough light and heat (30⁰C). The chicken coop lighting system is designed so that the lamps turn on for two hours, and then turn off for the same time. Cultivation is based on the correct selection of feed and diet. Feed is sold at the bases, in veterinary shops and wholesalers. The optimal composition for chickens: 50% corn, the rest is soybean meal, wheat, milk powder. Later, yeast, flour (fish and herbal), mineral components, feed fat are added to the feed.

For accelerated weight gain, broilers are limited in their ability to move. Following the cultivation technology, in two months the entrepreneur receives healthy meat birds, ready for slaughter and sale.

For the sale of chickens

Chicks are raised under a hen or in an incubator. The first method is more difficult: after all, you need to determine when the chicken is ready for incubation. From 11 to 21 eggs are laid under the hen, the hatching place is fenced off. Once every two days, the hen is removed from the masonry and fed so that she does not die from lack of food. Chicks hatch at 20–22 days. The key risk of the method is that the chicken can throw eggs without finishing, and then the funds spent will be lost.

It is much easier to raise chickens in an incubator. Home devices can hold up to 100 eggs, industrial devices - up to 8-10 thousand eggs. When buying an incubator, do not rely on devices with an automatic egg turning system - most turn them incorrectly. Provide a back-up power source or water heater system to avoid losing chicks due to a power outage.

The simplest do-it-yourself incubator

Step-by-step instructions for opening a poultry farm

To open a broiler breeding business, register an organization and select a premises for a poultry farm. Purchase equipment and recruit staff to help. Then buy the first batch of chickens and start growing.

Business registration and certification

A business can be formalized as an individual entrepreneur, LLC or a farm (KFH). The required documents for registration are shown in the table.

Table: lists of required documents

IP	OOO	KFH
Application form P21001, signed by the future entrepreneur (signed at the tax authority).	Application for state registration of LLC in the form P11001.	A photocopy of the passport of the head (head of the peasant farm).
Copies of passport pages.	Charter of the company - 2 copies.	Application for the opening of a peasant farm (form P21002).
Receipt of payment of the state fee - 800 rubles.	The decision to establish a company for an LLC with one founder or the minutes of the general meeting of founders and the agreement on the establishment of the company, if the LLC has more than one founder.	Receipt of payment of the state fee - 800 rubles.
Notification of the transition to a simplified taxation system (in case of choosing a taxation system).	Receipt of payment of the state fee - 4000 rubles.	Agreement on the creation of a peasant farm (required if the number of participants in the peasant farm is more than 1 person).
	Notification of the transition to a simplified taxation system (in case of choosing this taxation system).	Application for the transition to the ESHN tax regime.

After registering the company, you will receive permits from the SES and fire authorities. For products, issue veterinary certificates and a certificate of conformity.

Requirements for the site and the premises of the chicken coop

• the site must be fenced and equipped with water drains;
• walks should be isolated;
• a room made of easily cleaned materials;
• on the floors you need a bedding of straw, sawdust, shavings;
• the poultry farm must be equipped with ventilation;
• the length of feeders in bird access is 4–5 cm for young animals, 6–8 cm for large birds;
• the length of the drinkers is 1–3 cm per bird.

To create comfortable conditions, equip the farm with automatic lighting and heating systems. In a small room, electric heating is acceptable. Cover the walls with lime to prevent infections.

Broilers are kept on the floor or in cages. Having chosen the first option, equip a pen for free range of birds. Planting density - 12–18 heads per square meter. Spread a bedding of sawdust or shavings on the floor. Bedding height - 10 cm, it is completely replaced for each batch of broilers.

Install automatic drinkers and feeders. For small chickens, use vacuum drinkers and tray feeders, for adults - automatic sets of equipment such as pulp and paper.

For cages, order or make your own cages. The optimal dimensions of the structure: width - 1 m, height - 40 cm, battery - 3 floors, pallet - at an angle of 20 cm from the front side, 7-10 cm - from the back side. Planting density - 20–30 heads per square meter.

Broiler cages

Daily measure the speed of air movement and the concentration of gases in the chicken coop: the optimal speed is 0.2–0.4 m / s, the concentration of ammonia is up to 15 mg / cubic meter, hydrogen sulfide - up to 5 mg / cubic meter, carbon dioxide - 0, 35% of the volume.

The sound pressure level in the farm room must be less than 90 dB on the "A" scale of the sound level meter.

Recruitment

• two birds;
• electrician-fitter;
• caretaker handyman.

Choose experienced employees who are friendly to birds and ready to do the "dirty" work.

Purchase of equipment (table)

The set of equipment for growing broilers is partially regulated by the order of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation. The complete set is presented in the table.

An incubator is needed to raise chicks from eggs. The incubator is selected by:

Choose models with a ventilation system and an independent battery to avoid the death of chickens from uneven heating or power outages.

Video: do-it-yourself broiler cage

How to choose eggs and chicks

Broilers are bred by crossing meat breeds with each other. As a result, hybrid crosses of birds are obtained. Successful breeds for breeding with high productivity: Lohmann, Dominant, Ross, Change, Tetra.

The best crosses: Ross -308, Cobb-500, Smena-7.

When choosing chickens, contact trusted producers. Buy birds that are 10 days old, lively, with clear eyes, clean bottoms and even feathers. Inspect the wings - they should fit snugly to the body.

Healthy chickens are fluffy, without discharge from the eyes

Take eggs for the incubator even, of the same shape and size, uniform in structure and surface color. Check eggs with an ovoscope for:

• the presence of a fetus - there is a dark spot inside;
• the location of the yolk is in the center;
• the number of yolks is one;
• the size and position of the air chamber - in the blunt part of the egg, less than 1.5 cm.

An ovoscope is a device for tracking the development of an embryo in an egg using transillumination.

Candling an egg with an ovoscope

To make sure the quality of the eggs, on the 7-10th day, re-examine and analyze. Two days before the chicks appear, make a third check - the air chamber should occupy 2/3 of the egg, and the amount of protein should be minimal.

Take chickens and eggs at industrial factories and hatcheries. On the market there is a risk of acquiring a sick bird of an unknown breed.

Features of keeping and feeding birds

The first five days after birth, broilers are force-fed. Chicks are given fermented milk products and chopped eggs, later they introduce starter feed. The volume of food for one chick is up to 5 g per day.

For birds older than 5 days, grated carrots, crushed dandelion, nettle leaves are added, and the proportion of feed in the food composition is increased. The volume of food for one bird is up to 20 g per day.

On the eleventh day of life, broilers are fed six times a day, adding fish, potatoes, soybeans, baker's yeast, fresh herbs to the feed.

After 20 days, the chicks are fed four times a day, increasing the amount of food. Add legumes and meat and bone meal to food.

Upon reaching the age of one month, the composition of the livestock is assessed and the diet of chickens is reviewed. Starter feed is replaced with fattening mixtures for adult broilers.

Feed can be prepared independently. The composition of the starter premix for chickens and adult birds is given in the table.

Table: feed composition

If you want to buy food, and not cook it yourself, pay attention to the indicators:

• composition of minerals;
• nutritional value;
• degree of swelling;
• the size of the granules;
• feed purity.

Look for the letters PK in the feed labeling - they indicate that it is intended for broilers. Broiler mixes include:

• wheat and corn;
• proteins - yeast, meals;
• minerals - chalk, phosphates, table salt.

Varieties of factory premixes for different ages of poultry:

• PC-5–1 - from birth to 10 days;
• PC-5–2 - from 11 to 24 days;
• PC-6 - from 25 days to slaughter.

In addition to feeding, chicks need to be given vitamins during the first 14 days of life. It has been proven that on ready-made premixes, the weight gain of the broiler is faster, but the cost of meat increases. Choose the type of feeding depending on the tasks and the availability of finances.

Video: how to raise broiler chickens

Slaughter and preparation for sale

If you have chosen a full production cycle, hire an employee to slaughter the poultry. Before slaughter, broilers are not fed for 8–12 hours. Catch birds carefully, without injuring. The sequence of slaughter and pre-sale preparation of the carcass:

1. Stun and slaughter.
2. Bleeding.
3. Pinch and gutting.
4. Singeing and washing.
5. Packaging and labeling.
6. Freeze.

Sales of finished products

Before buying a bird population, agree on distribution channels for products. Possible options:

• independently in the market;
• through trade networks;
• at city fairs;
• individually from the farm.

Additional sources of income are the sale of day old chicks and eggs. Buyers for chickens can be found on business forums. To establish yourself, sell quality products and do not forget about advertising. In the future, you will be able to open your own points of sale for meat.

Business advertising

The competitive advantage of a small farm is that broilers are grown in "home" conditions. The quality of meat and eggs is not comparable with the factory: in advertising, focus on this.

• trade networks (banners, leaflets);
• city ​​sites, fairs;
• Internet (your website, page in the social network).

Create a marketing plan and a schedule for posting advertisements. Plan a budget for disseminating information. And, of course, tell your friends about yourself and your work - "word of mouth" should also work.

Financial plan

Before starting a business, draw up a financial plan for production, taking into account the number of heads and type of cultivation. Below is a plan for a 1,000 head mini-farm when slaughtered at 60 days of age. Growing method - on the floor.

Table: start-up costs

Table: cost per batch of broilers

Income, project profitability and payback periods (table)

The calculation of income is given for growing a batch of broilers per 1 thousand heads at slaughter at the age of 60 days when grown on the floor.

Farming is one of the most promising business areas in our country. It is important to approach this matter wisely, choosing a truly successful enterprise. One of the worthy options is broiler breeding as a business: calculations and advice on whether it is profitable or not to start your own business from scratch, as well as consider a business plan for opening right now.

What to expect?

Due to the fact that in Russia there is a course towards import substitution of many products on the market with domestic ones, it is extremely profitable to develop your own farming at the moment. Now broiler breeding as a business is on the rise, there is great competition, but it is quite possible to become a leader.

Undoubtedly, the activity is not complete without some features and subtleties, but for the most part they relate directly to broilers.

Farmers often breed this bird in huge quantities for sale, but many keep them for meat. Chicks grow up in about two months, which allows you to quickly receive the necessary profit. Do not confuse broilers with, because their breeding methods vary greatly. They have their own characteristics:

1. Significantly differ in size from chickens (instead of four kilos - five).
2. They do not live to the age when they can lay eggs.
3. It is distinguished by shortened legs and a really large fleshy body.
4. Promptly gaining the desired weight indicators.

Of course, you need to learn how to breed broilers in advance, because this is a real technological process that is carried out according to certain rules.

Breeding features

We must not forget that, like any other business that we analyze, this one also requires certain knowledge and the expenditure of one's own strength and time. To know what exactly you need to prepare for, we will try to determine the main features of the direction. Obvious features:

• The chicks grow up quickly enough until they are sold or slaughtered for meat - the approximate period is two months.
• To build your own farm, you do not need to rent a large area - twenty heads per square meter are placed in cages.
• Growing poultry practically does not require the purchase of special special equipment.
• You don’t need to buy special feeds either, products known to everyone will do, but you shouldn’t forget that improper feeding will lead to slow weight gain.
• It is worth noting that you still have to follow the breeding very carefully, which will take a lot of time and effort.
• It is important to achieve the right amount of light and heat.
• Unfortunately, it is common for chickens to get infections, so such an outcome should not be ruled out and it is important to carry out various preventions.
• Many farmers also suffer from regular changes in pricing on.

It is undoubtedly possible to prevent possible risks and increase the positive features of the business if the project owner organizes a workflow in advance and analyzes the situation specifically in the direction for which he is working. Try not to chase the number of heads if you are not sure that you have the opportunity to sell the whole livestock. Complete all paperwork, follow the documentation and compliance with official requirements.

We draw up documentation

Newbie farmers often register as a Sole Proprietor, and this is the right approach if you do not have a large start-up capital, do not intend to open a large-scale enterprise on an industrial scale, and do not intend to work directly with large chain stores and other organizations.

Individual entrepreneurs are allowed to adhere to a simplified taxation system, and this plays into the hands of an inexperienced entrepreneur. Otherwise, but this will take a lot of time, papers and, of course, money.

Then it remains only to register your own future production in various social funds and obtain permission to sell and breed poultry in Rospotrebnadzor, the Sanitary and Epidemiological Station and the veterinary quality control organization.

Setting up the right space

It is not difficult to determine the size of the site - it depends on the number of heads, as well as on the age of the purchased chickens.

If mature enough broilers are purchased for slaughter for meat, then the chicken coop area should be larger than if eggs are purchased for raising chicks for sale in incubators.

Beginners in farming should stick to the first option, because it is faster to generate income. You can quickly expand an open business project and subsequently earn even more money. In this case, a square meter area for ten chicks is suitable. Do not forget about the internal equipment of the chicken coop, the order of the Ministry of Agriculture will help you learn more about it. The full list of criteria is as follows:

1. It is important to protect the area near the chicken coop with fences and equip it with water drains.
2. The place of walking (if it will be made) must be protected from the rest of the site.
3. The chicken coop itself needs to be finished with materials that have the ability to easily clean.
4. The floors must be covered with straw, sawdust or shavings.
5. In no case should we forget about ventilation, at least natural.
6. When equipping feeders, make them accessible to the bird: 4-5 centimeters long for young individuals and 7 centimeters for adults.
7. Drinkers are also required to have a certain length - 1-3 centimeters per individual.

In addition to the above points, do not forget about maintaining a constant temperature around the clock: at first, the degree should not be below 28 degrees, only later it is allowed to lower by 1-2 degrees per week. Lighting is the second important requirement not listed. You need to set a soft, not too bright light. Do not forget that the draft is contraindicated for the bird.

We buy livestock

Farmers experienced in broiler business know which chickens to buy, but a beginner should not deviate from the concept - the younger the age, the more profitable it will be to organize a business. The first weeks of a chick's life are the most difficult period in terms of rearing, so chickens that have lived this period on someone else's farm will cost much more than newly hatched ones.

Undoubtedly, a beginner will say that it is better to buy an older individual, because it is less costly in terms of effort and time, even money, but this is not so. An inexperienced farmer must learn the art of breeding in order to independently understand what exactly needs to be done to increase profits.

Learning to breed chicks

As a standard, broiler breeding at home as a business has two different methods that farmers in the CIS countries use approximately equally - in Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, etc. Already by the name it becomes clear what each type is. Let's analyze each separately:

• Cage - if the farmer does not have a lot of space at his disposal, then keeping the birds in a cage is quite a good option, especially for meat broilers, which are extremely inactive. Keeping in cages helps to perfectly control the livestock, quickly identifying possibly sick individuals and quickly isolating them. The method allows you to have about 18 chickens and 9 adults per square meter.
• Outdoor - laying hens are usually bred by a similar method, but there is still a difference - the temperature of the content. As already mentioned, broilers will have to be kept at a temperature of at least 28 degrees, but you should not rise above 35. The humidity level is also important to maintain a constant - about 70%. Straw bedding is recommended to be changed every time it starts to get dirty or wet to prevent diseases in the livestock.

Which of the methods to use specifically you should decide in advance in order to have time to prepare. As a rule, the choice of any particular method does not affect the increase or decrease in income.

We buy equipment

In order for breeding to become really profitable, you should not forget about the purchase of equipment. The following devices are purchased as standard:

1. Can drinkers.
2. Automated feeders.
3. Heater lamps 100 watts.
4. Ventilation system.
5. Compartment for food storage.
6. Fan heater and floor grill - for the floor method.
7. Heat emitter and special cell batteries - for the cell method.

In the case of home-grown broilers from eggs, it is necessary to purchase an incubator with an autonomous power source and its own ventilation system. Do not forget about small inventory like buckets, rags and other things, as well as about medical preparations for poultry. When buying any equipment, study the reviews and opinions of other farmers.

We compose a diet

For the first two weeks of life, the chicks feed on a specially prepared mixture up to 10-25 grams per day (the amount of the mixture increases daily). Further, until the livestock reaches a month, it feeds on this feed no more than 120 grams per day.

Later, up to two months, broilers need to be fed 140-160 grams. If you do not want to feed the bird with compound feed, at the first stages it is worth making a diet of millet, grass and boiled meat, gradually adding vitamins in the form of pumpkin, potatoes and other vegetables. Don't forget green fodder.

Recruiting staff

This idea does not particularly require hiring other people for work, but for the sake of greater efficiency, it is still worth considering recruiting staff. It will definitely be small. You will need two workers in the chicken coop, a foreman who controls the operation of the equipment and a person responsible for contacting customers.

You can personally control the workflow if you independently take on the advertising of the enterprise and communication with customers, as well as the control of documentation and financial calculations. This will cut down on wages.

Video: growing broilers.

Starting capital and profitability

As an example, let's take an average 1,000-head farm operating on the floor and rearing broilers for slaughter.

	Expense line	Amount of expenses, thousand rubles
1	Initial rent for two months	40
2	Purchase of the necessary equipment	150
3	Installation of lighting and ventilation systems	80
4	Installation of equipment	20
5	Paperwork	15
6	Buying an incubator	55
7	Utilities	10
8	Wage	40
9	Purchase of a batch of eggs	10
10	Transport costs	2
11	Buying bedding	2
12	Purchase of feed	35
13	Sales taxes	1
14	Unexpected expenses	10
	Total:	510

You can sell chicken meat on the market at a wholesale price of 150 rubles per kilo. For a thousand heads, you will get 150 thousand income. It remains to subtract the monthly expenses: taxes, salaries, rent, etc. The net profit from the project is 50 thousand rubles.

With a profit of 50 thousand every two months and the expansion of the business, profitability will come in 10-14 months.

Breeding broilers as a business is a profitable business. If you decide to organize earnings in this way, you will need to know the basics: what is required for cultivation, what are the costs and what will be the profit from this business idea. Next, we will discuss whether or not raising chickens is profitable, as well as provide tips that will allow you to make money on broilers at home.

Where to begin?

First of all, you need to decide how you will grow chickens and what sales to engage in.

There are 2 ways to run a broiler home business:

1. Buying eggs and an incubator for them. A good method for those who want to engage in this type of income for a long time, because. incubators save your costs. But in this method there is a minus that not all eggs can hatch.
2. Purchase of chickens. You buy broiler chickens and grow them without thinking about incubation. Pretty simple way that saves you time.

Consider how much profit you can get in each option, as well as how much money you need to spend on it.

Calculations and comparisons

When choosing a method for doing business on broilers from scratch, the question will arise: “at what age to sell?”.

If you want to make money selling meat at home, you first need to buy broiler chickens, and then feed them for 70-80 days (during this time, their carcass should gain about 2 kg). After 80 days, they begin to slaughter chickens for sale, because. breeding them longer than this period is not considered economically feasible.

If you want to raise chickens for sale, keep in mind that the bird grows quickly, gaining weight and needing more space. If there is no such problem, then feel free to take on this business.

So, let's compare which way to make money on broilers at home is more profitable.

1 broiler egg costs from 8 to 10 rubles. After a chicken hatches from an egg, it already costs from 25 to 30 rubles. In one season (January-August), 8-10 incubations are carried out. In turn, adult broilers cost 80-90 rubles per kg of weight.

Let's roughly calculate how much the profit will be. Let's take the highest value. An egg will cost 10 rubles, a chicken - 30 rubles, and a broiler - 200 rubles per 2 kg.