Unified qualification directory of employee positions. Qualification directory of positions for employees and managers - description

For many workers personnel service The qualification directory for positions has become a reference book. Let's talk about the use of ETKS and EKS, as well as their upcoming abolition in connection with the final transition to professional standards.

From the article you will learn:

Qualification directory of positions - managers, specialists, workers - a set of characteristics of the main types of work in professions related to the most different areas economy. Due to his duty, any personnel officer with experience had to contact him. The development and updating of unified tariff and qualification reference books is carried out by the Ministry of Health and social development RF together with authorities executive power regulating and coordinating certain economic sectors (clause 2 of Russian Government Decree No. 787 of October 31, 2002).

Qualification reference book for positions of workers and employees - 2018: procedure for application

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Status and order practical use Tariff and qualification reference books are determined by Article 143 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. Thus, according to Part 8 of Article 143 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, when grading work and assigning tariff categories to employees, the following are applied:

• a unified tariff and qualification directory of works and professions of workers;
• unified tariff qualification directory for positions of managers, specialists and employees;
• professional standards.

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There are even separate regulatory documents detailing the rules for applying the ETKS (see “Procedure” approved by Resolution of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation No. 9 of February 9, 2004). Along with the provisions of the reference books, state guarantees for wages, fixed by federal legislation, are taken into account, as well as the recommendations of the tripartite commission on the regulation of social and labor relations and the opinion of trade unions. Details are in the notes “How to use " And How ».

Important: the requirements of the ETKS and EKS apply primarily to labor relations, therefore, when concluding a civil contract, the employer is not obliged to check the contractor for compliance with the criteria established in the reference books.

Types and current editions of tariff and qualification reference books

Currently, two types of qualification reference books are used - for workers (ETKS) and for employees, managers, specialists (EKS). The need to develop two separate documents arose due to significant differences in the specifics of the work assigned to different categories of personnel. Therefore, when establishing tariffs or qualification requirements for blue-collar professions (fitter, foundry worker, welder, etc.), employers turn to the ETKS, a directory of blue-collar professions.

If we are talking about a managerial or official position, the Unified Qualification Directory of positions for managers and employees is used. About tariffication different types works, read the article “How to install ": you will find out why it is so important to know the exact minimum wage, how often salaries should be indexed and whether it is legal to set different salaries for employees occupying the same position.

Unified qualification directory of worker positions

The tariff and qualification reference book, used to determine the complexity and payment of work, as well as to assign categories to workers, consists of more than 70 issues.

Each issue is dedicated to certain areas and areas of the economy, for example:

1. No. 5 - geological exploration and topographic-geodetic work (approved by Resolution of the Ministry of Labor of Russia No. 16 of February 17, 2000);
2. No. 16 - production of medical instruments, instruments and equipment (approved by Resolution of the Ministry of Labor of Russia No. 38 of March 5, 2004);
3. №24 - general professions chemical production(approved by order of the Ministry of Health of Russia No. 208 dated March 28, 2006);
4. No. 50 - production and processing of fish and seafood (approved by Resolution of the Ministry of Labor of Russia No. 73 of October 12, 2000);
5. No. 52 - railway, sea and river transport (approved by order of the Ministry of Labor of Russia No. 68n dated February 18, 2013);
6. No. 57 - advertising and design, restoration and layout work (approved by order of the Ministry of Health of Russia No. 135 dated March 21, 2008).

Some sections have lost their relevance (issues 30-31, 34, 38-39, 61-63, 65, 67-68), some were put into effect a very long time ago, even by Soviet regulations. For example, the sections “Dry cleaning and dyeing” and “Works and professions of laundry workers”, approved by the Decree of the State Committee for Labor of the USSR and the All-Russian Central Council of Trade Unions No. 320/21-22 of October 31, 1984, have not yet been updated.

Qualification directory for positions of managers, specialists and employees

The unified qualification reference book for positions of specialists and employees (US) developed by the Institute of Labor was approved by Resolution of the Ministry of Labor of Russia No. 37 of 08.21.1998. Since its approval, the document has been amended and supplemented more than ten times. The current edition of the ETKS is mandatory for all state and municipal organizations (in relation to positions for which professional standards have not been developed). Table "Categories and state civil service"will be useful to personnel officers of government agencies.

The requirements for commercial companies are not as strict. However, Article 57 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation obliges all employers, without exception, to refer to professional standards or ETKS when entering staffing table positions associated with restrictions or benefits. In other words, if the enterprise has positions that give the right to certain guarantees (early retirement, compensation for “harmfulness,” etc.), their names must exactly match the wording of the ETKS or professional standards. Read more about providing benefits to employees in the articles “How to register an employee’s retirement " and "What compensation is an employee entitled to for work during ».

In total, the document has thirty sections. General characteristics positions applicable to employees of enterprises, institutions and organizations of all industries are given in the first section, approved by Resolution of the Ministry of Labor of Russia No. 37 of August 21, 1998. Sections for individual industries follow:

• research, design, engineering and survey areas;
• healthcare;
• education, including vocational;
• culture, art and cinematography;
• labor protection;
• electric power industry;
• architectural and urban planning activities;
• spheres of civil defense and protection of the population from emergency situations, ensuring the safety of people at water, mountain and underground sites;
• geology and subsoil exploration;
• physical education and sports;
• tourism;
• Agriculture;
• state archives and documentation storage centers;
• military units and organizations of the RF Armed Forces;
• centers of metrology, standardization and certification;
• state material reserve systems;
• legal protection results of intellectual activity and means of individualization;
• youth affairs authorities;
• road facilities;
• hydrometeorology;
• countering technical intelligence and ensuring information security;
• nuclear energy and floating nuclear power plants;
• conflictology;
• rocket and space industry;
• translation activities;
• forensics;
• authorities of the Federal Migration Service.

If you pay attention to the dates of publication of orders and regulations approving sections of the CEN, you will notice that the most “recent” provisions of the directory came into force in 2013. And since then they have not been updated, although previously new sections were added almost every year. The reason for this state of affairs was the transition to professional standards - more convenient and modern system qualification assessments. Details are in the note “How to use ": the expert will explain who will be primarily affected by changes in legislation, how often qualification standards will be updated and how to check an employee for compliance with new requirements.

Question from practice

How in work book Write down the employee’s position if it is not indicated in the classifier of positions and professions?

The answer was prepared jointly with the editors

Ivan Shklovets answers:
Deputy Head Federal service on labor and employment

Indicate the name of the employee's position in the work book in accordance with the organization's staffing table. At formation of staffing to arbitrarily indicate the positions of employees for whom benefits and compensation are established.

For example, work in a particular position may entitle an employee to early retirement. The list of positions in which work gives the right to an early pension is listed in the articles And Law of December 28, 2013 No. 400-FZ. If the position in the work book does not correspond to the qualification directory, the Pension Fund may deny the employee the right to grant an early pension...

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Unified qualification directory of positions as a predecessor of professional standards

From the system of professional standards, in connection with which additional norms appeared in the Labor Code of the Russian Federation (Articles 195.1-195.3 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation), the unified qualification reference book for the positions of managers, employees and specialists differs not only in format. Professional standards contain clearer and more structured information about the labor functions performed by employees and are fully consistent with the spirit of the times.

Previously, a specialist who received specialized education, could work all his life on the same equipment, using familiar technologies and knowledge that he received at a university or technical school. But modern technologies are rapidly developing, dramatically changing the content of work and the qualification characteristics of the position. We have to fundamentally reconsider existing standards and introduce new standards. As ETKS and EKS (unified tariff and qualification reference book for positions of managers, specialists and employees) gradually lose relevance, employers are increasingly turning to professional standards for:

• personnel selection;
• training, retraining, certification and career planning of employees;
• drawing up job descriptions and staffing schedules;
• formation personnel policy and the tariff schedule for the work performed;
• development of remuneration systems.

Important: a professional standard is a universal document that establishes requirements for the conditions and content of work, as well as for the skills, knowledge and experience of a specialist.

On average, it takes 9-12 months to develop a “standard” for each individual position, so today, despite active work in in this direction, new standards for a number of specialties and types of work have not yet been approved. Consequently, in 2018, it is too early to write off the unified qualification directory of employee positions and the tariff and qualification directory of blue-collar specialties.

But if there is a choice between ETKS (EKS) and the current professional standard (and there are already more than a thousand such positions), preference should be given to the latter. At least because the final abolition of reference books and a complete transition to a system of professional standards, applied taking into account individual industry requirements, is planned for the coming years (see letter of the Ministry of Labor of Russia No. 14-0/10/13-2253 dated April 4, 2016).

Transition to professional standards: step-by-step instructions

For commercial organizations professional standards are advisory in nature. They become mandatory only in two cases (like directories):

• when the legislator has established compensation or benefits for a certain type of work, or restrictions are provided for its implementation (Article 57, 195.3 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation);
• when the requirements for the employee’s work experience and qualifications are established by the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, federal legislation or other regulations (Article 195.3 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation).

In the first case, you should make sure that the name of the position in the staffing table, employment contract, hiring order and other local documents coincides with the wording of the professional standard. Other aspects - features of the labor function, requirements for the level of education and work experience in the specialty - remain at the discretion of the employer. Detailed analysis difficult situations- in the articles “How to maintain the category of a worker according to ETKS, if ", "How to check if professional standard" and "How to overcome the 6 main problems that arise when ».

As for the second category of workers (which includes legal workers, teachers, doctors, and even private detectives), the requirements of professional standards apply to them in full. To understand what specific positions we're talking about, look at the table " , for which the law establishes qualification requirements.”

Organizations, enterprises and institutions of the public sector, as well as all extra-budgetary funds, corporations and companies with a state share of more than 50%, are obliged to switch to professional standards, whether they want it or not. To make the transition less painful, it is allowed to introduce new standards in stages (until January 1, 2020, as required by clauses 1.2 of the Russian Government Decree No. 584 of June 27, 2016). To help the personnel officer - articles “When , and when the professional standard. Six controversial situations" and "How will professional standards affect ».

Since the legislator does not regulate the procedure for transition to a system of professional standards, the employer himself decides how to act, based on the needs of the organization and the specifics of its activities.

The whole process can be divided into five successive stages:

1. formation working group or a commission in which representatives of key departments (legal and personnel services, accounting, etc.) participate;
2. development of a work schedule for the implementation of professional standards;
3. familiarizing heads of departments and services with the schedule and legislative framework, in accordance with which the transition is carried out;
4. implementation of activities provided for in the schedule;
5. summing up the work of the commission and approving the report on the results.

Practical situation

Staffing: how to enter information without errors

The answer was prepared jointly with the editors of the magazine " »

Nina KOVIAZINA answers,
Deputy Director of the Department medical education and personnel policy in healthcare of the Russian Ministry of Health

We have a small organization, and there are departments that employ one person at a time. If an employee is a manager, should there be subordinates in the department?

Formally Labor Code does not prohibit the employer from creating structural units that consist of only one employee, in particular the head of the department. At the same time, the position of “manager” involves leadership of subordinates. For example, the Qualification Directory provides for such an obligation for the position “Head of the Human Resources Department” (approved ). Qualification reference books are advisory in nature. But there are exceptions...

The full answer is available after free

The first step is to issue an order to establish a commission. The order lists by name all members of the commission (working group), and also indicates the time frame allocated for familiarization with regulatory documentation and development of a schedule.

Download in.doc

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Each protocol is certified by the signatures of members of the working group, including the chairman.

To change the job title, make additions to employment contract or approve new local standards, the director of the company gives a written order (see article “ does not meet the professional standard: what to do"). Fortunately, the law does not prohibit combining orders of the same type into one order and thereby saving resources. The article “Tricks that will make it easier for you to work with » will help minimize labor costs associated with the preparation of orders, contracts, introductory sheets and other documentation.

There are a huge number of fields, skills and positions in the world. Due to such diversity, employers often encounter difficulties both at the level of personnel management and at the level of personnel documentation. In such cases, they come to the rescue unified directories and classifiers. In the article we will discuss what the 2019 occupational classifier with the Russian Federation decoding is and the 2019 unified tariff and qualification reference book. Let's take a closer look at the reference book of qualification characteristics.

Basic Concepts

When working with unified forms, HR specialists often find themselves at a loss due to the abundance of terms and abbreviations related to job directories. Let's look at them.

These documents are interconnected. The general classification of positions and professions for 2019 is the basis of the ETKS 2019. OKPDTR 2019, in turn, takes the first section of the ETKS 2019 blue-collar professions as the basis. There is no ETKS 2019 for managers and specialists, so the second section of OKPDTR is based on a unified nomenclature of employee positions.

What is a job qualification directory

Single classification directory positions of specialists and employees (ESC) is a list of qualification characteristics (job responsibilities and requirements for the level of knowledge and qualifications) of managers, specialists and employees depending on the field of activity. Additional sections The CSA is introduced by relevant orders of the Ministry of Labor. To date, the latest is order No. 225n dated May 10, 2016, approving “the qualification characteristics of employees of military units and organizations of the Armed Forces Russian Federation" The frequency of updates to the directory is not regulated by law. Thus, the document amended by the above Order is currently the qualification directory for the positions of workers and employees 2019.

What is it for?

The EKS, which is based on the All-Russian Classification of Occupations of White-collar Jobs, was compiled with the aim of developing universal standards for the organization of labor. In fact, this document helps the employer competently build the structure of the organization. The qualification characteristics optimize the following functions:

• selection and placement of personnel;
• vocational training/personnel retraining;
• rational division of labor;
• determination of job responsibilities and areas of responsibility of personnel.

A personnel employee relies on the 2019 Classification of Positions and Professions when working with documents such as staffing schedules, job descriptions, regulations on departments, etc. OKPDTR classifier (2019) with a search by name is posted on the website of the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection.

How to use it

The EKS is applicable to any enterprise, regardless of their form of ownership or organizational and legal forms of activity. However, the law does not oblige, but only recommends that the employer be guided by this document in personnel work. The procedure for applying the CAS was approved by Resolution of the Ministry of Labor dated 02/09/2004 No. 9. In accordance with it, qualification characteristics form the basis job description and includes three sections:

• job responsibilities(scroll labor functions, fully or partially secured);
• must know (special knowledge, knowledge of regulations, methods and means for performing labor responsibilities);
• qualification requirements (level of professional training and work experience).

It is allowed to distribute the responsibilities that make up the qualification characteristics among several employees. Employee Compliance Assessment qualification characteristics is carried out only by the certification commission.

What to use - a qualification reference book or a professional standard

As we found out, an employee’s qualifications consist of his knowledge, abilities, skills and experience. A professional standard is a narrower concept and is defined as “the characteristics of the qualifications necessary for a worker to carry out certain type professional activity, including performing a certain labor function" ( Art. 195.1 Labor Code of the Russian Federation). In addition, professional standards, unlike the CAS, can be mandatory. Corresponding amendments were made to the Labor Code by Federal Law dated May 2, 2015 No. 122-FZ. According to Article 195.3 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, the employer is obliged to operate with professional standards if the qualification requirements for an employee to perform job functions are dictated by the Labor Code, federal law or other regulations. In other cases, the application of professional standards is recommended, but not required.

System administrator, cultural workers, construction foreman, electrician, janitor, accounting expert, purchasing specialist - representatives of different industries and professions can find information about what they need to know from the qualification directory for workers, employees and managers.

This document is nationwide and industry-wide. For convenience, it is divided into sections. That is, for example, representatives of pedagogical and medical professions it will be easy to find the required positions in a single qualification directory with the same name.

Qualification directory of positions - what is this summary

For each industry, the qualification compilation of positions has its own list of managers and employees. A manager, when choosing those who will work for him and serve their profession, often rely on the characteristics from this document before approval.

Each specialist has three characteristics: must know, requirements, job responsibilities. There are requirements for working in the organization and for the managers themselves. For example, they must not only have the appropriate education, but also have the knowledge to resolve tariff issues. The resolution on the approval of the current qualification directory of positions was issued in the Russian Federation back in August 1998.

Qualification directory of positions of workers and employees 2017

If we rely on the Labor Code, or more precisely on its 143 article, then the tariffication of work, as well as the subsequent assignment of categories to workers and employees in 2017 will continue to be carried out in accordance with the document described. Second important factor professional standards are the basis for enterprise policy. New professions are appearing in Russia, and therefore this documentation is expanding every year.

Unified qualification directory of positions for education workers

This separate document is divided into three categories: managers, teaching staff and educational support staff. IN educational institutions there are, as everywhere else, issues related to labor relations and requiring regulation. The qualification collection helps with this. Thanks to him, it is possible to organize effective management teaching staff. Characteristics are the basis for those developed in educational institutions job instructions.

Directory of medical professionals 2017

In July 2010, the relevant Ministry approved the characteristics for the healthcare sector. In this document, all specialists are divided into four categories: managers, specialists, junior pharmaceutical and medical personnel, and other personnel of medical organizations. Due to the importance of workers medical institutions is especially high due to the fact that the health of others depends on them; for almost every specialty, the requirements include both education and work experience.

Directory of positions of educational institutions

A separate order of 2011 outlined the requirements for workers in educational institutions providing higher professional education. Faculty, management and administrative and support staff are the three separate categories covered by this document. For example, the same professor must have at least a doctorate degree and five years of scientific and teaching experience, while for an associate professor a candidate's degree and three years of experience are sufficient.

All-Russian qualification directory of positions and professions 2017

This regulatory document is publicly available for download. Read about what you need to do in certain positions and what you need to know to get a job there.