Blackberry is called differently. How to choose the best blackberry variety: advice from farmers

Every day the air gets cooler and the sky gets darker. This means it's time to keep the bright colors of fall in our homes. Just a few simple and inexpensive accents can make any interior truly cozy and inviting. The queen of autumn, the pumpkin, will help us with this. This is a universal material from which you can make a huge number of interesting crafts. Pumpkin decor looks mysterious and attractive. It can be varied endlessly.

Bell pepper came to Europe in the 15th century from South America and the Europeans liked it so much that today, for example, in Hungary there is even a museum dedicated exclusively to pepper. This vegetable is extremely rich in vitamins and minerals, which makes it an indispensable healthy food product. In this article I want to talk about my experience of growing bell pepper V open ground. And why I manage to get every year good harvests this irreplaceable vegetable.

The smell of raspberries for me is firmly associated with childhood - the gentle hands of my grandmother and amazing delicious jam, which was given out in teaspoons and only during a cold. Even then I dreamed of having a lot of raspberries. My dream has come true, every year I harvest a double harvest. The first is from ordinary raspberries and second-year remontant raspberries. And in the fall - the second - 3-5 glasses a day from remontant first-years. I’ll tell you how to care for raspberries in the fall in this article.

Apple mustard from Antonovka, prepared at home with your own hands, will outshine all industrial competitors. The mustard is thick, vigorous, and the mustard seeds add variety to the texture. This seasoning is ideal for meat, fish, and sausage; even just spreading it on a slice of fresh bread will be delicious! It’s not worth preparing large quantities for future use; it’s always better to add a portion of fresh mustard sauce; in just 3 days, the mustard will gain strength and become hot.

Among the countless varieties and hybrids of sweet peppers, there are those, such as the Ramiro pepper, whose popularity is literally worldwide. And if most vegetables on supermarket shelves are nameless, and it is almost impossible to find out about their variety, then the name of this pepper “Ramiro” will certainly be on the packaging. And, as my experience has shown, this pepper is worth letting other gardeners know about it. In connection with which this article was written.

Autumn is the favorite time of many gardeners. The main harvest has already been collected and processed, but the time for rest has not yet come. There is still a lot to do in the garden and beds, but it is important to devote time to the flower garden. There really is something to do here, because many flowers are replanted and propagated in the fall, and the appearance of the ornamental garden next year will largely depend on the preparation of the soil in the flower beds. Read about what needs to be done in the flower garden in the fall in this article.

Jellied pie with fruit and sour cream filling- easy to prepare and very tasty homemade pie, which can be prepared in less than an hour. For the filling, you can take any fruit or fresh berries, but I advise you to give preference to sweet and dense ones, for example, as in this recipe - pear, bananas, sweet plums. For cooking, you will also need a pan with a non-stick coating and a low side; a cake pan with a removable bottom is suitable.

Autumn is the most mushroom time. It is no longer hot, and heavy dew falls in the mornings. Since the earth is still warm, and foliage has already attacked from above, creating a completely special microclimate in the ground layer, the mushrooms are very comfortable. Mushroom pickers are also comfortable at this time, especially in the mornings when it is cooler. It's time for both to meet. And, if you haven’t introduced yourself to each other, get to know each other. In this article I will introduce you to exotic, little-known and not always edible mushrooms, similar to corals.

The leader in the healing properties of aloe vera in our country is still inferior in popularity to the simple, almost invulnerable aloe vera. Even its popular name “agave” indicates that the plant can withstand almost any kind of care and is very durable. But aloe vera is rarely found on the list of the most decorative species not by chance. To keep it in shape and not grow huge prickly giants, you need to know some secrets of the formation of this plant.

Pumpkin puree with zucchini and apples - tender, creamy, sweet and sour. Puree prepared according to this recipe is suitable for children and dietary nutrition. For kids, you can mix the finished puree with milk or cream, add a few spoons of soft cottage cheese to it. It is very difficult to determine the taste of pumpkin and zucchini in this dish. The aroma of apples plays the first fiddle, the rest of the ingredients seem to be there, but you need to be an expert in kitchen tricks to name the vegetables included in the puree.

If you are a busy person, but at the same time not devoid of romance, if you have your own plot and are endowed with aesthetic taste, then explore the opportunity to purchase this wonderful ornamental shrub– karyopteris, or Nutwing. He is also “wing-hazel”, “blue fog” and “blue beard”. It truly fully combines unpretentiousness and beauty. Karyopteris reaches its peak of decorativeness in late summer and autumn. It is at this time that it blooms.

Pepper ajvar - vegetable caviar or thick vegetable sauce bell pepper with eggplant. The peppers for this recipe are baked for quite a long time, then they are also stewed. Onions, tomatoes, and eggplants are added to ajvar. To store eggs for the winter, they are sterilized. This Balkan recipe is not for those who like to make preparations quickly, undercooked and underbaked - not about ajvar. In general, we approach the matter in detail. For the sauce, we choose the ripest and meatiest vegetables on the market.

Despite the simple names (“sticky” or “indoor maple”) and the status of a modern substitute for indoor hibiscus, abutilons are far from the simplest plants. They grow well, bloom profusely and delight healthy looking greenery only in optimal conditions. On thin leaves, any deviations from comfortable lighting or temperatures and disturbances in care quickly appear. To reveal the beauty of abutilons in rooms, it is worth finding the ideal place for them.

Zucchini fritters with Parmesan and mushrooms - a delicious recipe with photos from available products. Ordinary zucchini pancakes can be easily turned into a non-boring dish by adding a few savory ingredients to the dough. During squash season, treat your family to vegetable pancakes with forest mushrooms, it is not only very tasty, but also satisfying. Zucchini is a universal vegetable, it is suitable for stuffing, for preparations, for main courses, and even for sweets. delicious recipes- compotes and jam are made from zucchini.

IN recent years Blackberries are becoming more and more popular, and in many summer cottages they are given no less space than the long-known and well-known raspberries. And such attention is well deserved, because garden blackberries, photos of varieties and descriptions of which are striking in the large size of the berries, are not only productive and tasty, but also quite easy to care for.

The Americans have long been the trendsetters of the world “blackberry fashion” and the leaders in growing this berry. It is not surprising that most of the modern varieties are the creations of scientists and enthusiasts from the USA, who use them in breeding work. different types blackberries.

Types of blackberries: photos and descriptions

In most of Russia and Europe, wild plantings of this perennial shrub are formed by blackberry (Rubus caesius) and bushy blackberry (Rubus fruticosus). However, there are several other species whose berries are edible and whose plants share common characteristics.

For example, the giant blackberry from Armenia (Rubus armeniacus) shown in the photo, sometimes called Himalayan, for a long time was widely cultivated in the USA and Europe. The reason for the popularity of the shrub was simple - large, massively ripening berries with a sweet dessert taste. But the view also had a significant drawback. This crop seemed very thorny, and when the thornless blackberry (Rubus laciniatus) appeared, it was abandoned.

Today, on plantations on the North American continent and all over the world, varieties are grown based on bushy blackberries and blue blackberries, as well as thornless cultivated forms that have received common name Thornless.

In the most wild varieties of blackberries, the berries change color as they ripen from green to red or brown, and then to dark purple or almost black. At the same time, the skin of the berries, as can be seen in the photo of a gray blackberry, is covered with a coating that determined the name of the species and is absent in other varieties.

There are differences between the species in the structure of the bush and the appearance of the leaves. It is especially noticeable when looking at the cut blackberry, which is unique in its own way. This species has strongly dissected leaves along the edges, consisting of 5–7 parts, multi-berry clusters and creeping flexible shoots.

Bushy and gray blackberries are common species in Russia that can be found on forest edges, overgrown clearings, along ravines and on river banks. However, the plants found their way into the garden only thanks to breeders who created large-fruited and productive varieties of blackberries.

Varieties of garden blackberries

Since several varieties were used to breed varietal berries, perennial shrubs have different structures and types of fruiting. Like their wild ancestors, many varieties have retained their creeping form. Plants with long shoots, up to several meters, are grown on trellises, which allows you to get the highest possible yield from one bush.

Bush varieties of blackberries are more similar to raspberries. Such specimens bear fruit on two-year-old shoots that retain an erect or semi-lodging form. The height of the plants reaches 2–2.5 meters and needs pruning.

The development of varieties of thornless blackberries has made it easier to care for plantings. Such varieties can be easily identified by their name, to which the prefix Thornless is added, that is, “without thorns.”

Blackberries have a long growing season. On the one hand, this allows the plant to protect itself from spring frosts and return colds. But on the other hand, the harvest ripens late, and in the northern regions the ovaries, never fully ripened, go under the snow. Remontant blackberries, which bear fruit throughout the season, solve the problem.

Today gardeners have a variety of interesting varieties blackberries, which produce large dessert berries. All that remains is to study the photos and descriptions of blackberry varieties and, based on climatic conditions region, select the appropriate one.

Blackberry Thornless Evergreen

The thornless variety of blackberry Thornless Evergreen was obtained thanks to the observed natural mutation of the dissected blackberry. As a result, European and American farmers at the beginning of the last century received evergreen with excellent yield, and also without thorns.

Although the 3-gram berries of the blackberry variety shown in the photo are smaller in size and weight than most new varieties, their quantity per cluster is unmatched. One inflorescence can contain up to 70 ovaries, which, after ripening, acquire a blue-black color, a delicate aroma and a pleasant sweet and sour taste.

The openwork, but rather dense foliage of this blackberry variety retains its vibrant color even under the snow, so the plant quickly resumes growth in the spring and blooms.

The plant has many advantages, including productivity, lack of thorns, frost resistance and the ability to transport berries. The main drawback, besides the small mass of the fruit, is the large seeds of the Evergreen Thornless blackberry.

Blackberry Black Satin

The thornless shoots of this variety of blackberries have a semi-creeping shape and form a powerful bush. Until the stems of the Black Satin blackberry reach 2 meters in height, the plant retains its erect appearance. As they grow, the shoots droop and reach 4–5 meters in length at the time of fruiting. The shiny, medium-sized berries weigh from 5 to 8 grams. The ripening of round or round-oval fruits occurs gradually, so the harvest is harvested many times.

Ripe berries have a sweet and sour refreshing taste that is universally useful.

Blackberry Natchez

In 2007, American scientists from Arkansas introduced a new variety of blackberries, Natchez. The peculiarity of the crop is the early ripening of large berries weighing 8–10 grams. Harvesting begins in the first ten days of July and continues until September. The glossy black berries of this variety have an oblong shape, small seeds, juicy pulp with a dessert taste and a bright aroma characteristic of the species.

The harvested crop is stored for several days without loss of quality and can be transported.

Blackberry Agawam

The oblong, shiny berries of Agave blackberries ripen in August. Powerful shoots growing up to 3 meters bear fruit in the second year of life and can withstand abundant harvests. However, in winter, without shelter, the bushes are damaged by frost and require shelter. The variety shown in the photo is characterized by a gradual yield of the harvest, lasting about a month, and excellent taste of universal-purpose berries.

Blackberry Reuben

Hybrid blackberry Ruben bears fruit on shoots of both the first and second years of life. The first harvest occurs in July, then the very large berries, weighing from 10 to 16 grams, ripen at the end of summer and are harvested until October. Remontantaya is distinguished not only by double harvesting of berries, but also by high yield.

Powerful bushes have an erect shape, do without support and tolerate frost well.

Navajo blackberry

Navajo thornless blackberry forms a large, upright bush one and a half to two meters high. The plant is unpretentious, requires minimal care and does not need support. The harvest of large, oval or round berries ripens in August, and its harvest lasts about another month. The mass of the purple-black berry is 5–7 grams. The fruits are tasty, sweet with a slight sourness.

The advantages of this blackberry variety are high yield, excellent taste and type of berries.

Blackberry Triple Crown Thornless

Another American blackberry variety was created by Oregon breeders. A plant that produces stable yields forms a bush with semi-creeping stems up to 3 meters in length. To get the maximum benefit, Triple Crown blackberry shoots are placed on trellises or strong supports that can support clusters of large berries that ripen in the second half of summer.

The peculiarity of the variety is the resistance of the berries to elevated temperatures and transportation, the bright taste of the fruits and their stability large sizes throughout the entire ripening period. On average, the yield per bush is about 10 kg of dessert berries, which do not change the taste even when grown without shading.

Triple Crown blackberries, like many American varieties, are not very winter hardy and need to be insulated.

Blackberry Chester (Chester Thornless)

Garden blackberries compare favorably with wild species in terms of berry size and yield. Some varieties, such as Chester blackberries, also do not have thorns, which greatly simplifies the cultivation and care of plantings. The culture is a late-ripening variety. The first berries, weighing from 5 to 8 grams, are ready for picking in mid-August; the last black, fragrant fruits can be enjoyed closer to October. The fruits store well, retain their shape and sweetness. Bushes with a wide crown are easy to care for and can easily be covered for the winter.

Blackberry Karaka Black

By studying descriptions and photos of blackberry varieties, you can not only evaluate the merits and weak sides culture, but also make amazing discoveries. For example, the new Karaka Black blackberry comes from New Zealand, and the plant’s genus includes not only its closest relatives, but also hybrids obtained from crossing blackberries with.

This method of scientists allows us to achieve the largest possible berries, enhance their delicate aroma and make the fruits more suitable for transportation. Extended weight, delicious berries The blackberry variety shown in the photo is about 10 grams. The skin is dense, black glossy. The pulp is juicy and tasty.

Due to gradual ripening, a consistently high harvest is collected over a period of 1.5–2 months.

Description of the Loch Ness blackberry variety

Bright aroma, excellent taste with a tart tint and beautiful, even shape of berries weighing from 5 to 10 grams - character traits thornless blackberry Loch Ness, thanks to which the variety was highly appreciated by the British Royal Horticultural Society.

From every bush to summer cottage you can get about 15 kg of ripe berries; under intensive cultivation conditions, the yield increases to 25–30 kg. At the same time, the fruits retain their appearance and taste for several days, which is important when commercial use landing According to the description, Loch Ness blackberries are ready for harvest in mid-August.

Blackberry Polar

Polish breeders developed the Polar blackberry, which is interesting to Russian gardeners due to its high frost resistance and the ability to grow bushes without additional shelter. Vigorous plants provide stable yields of large berries oval shape with shiny black skin and excellent sweet taste. The fruits can be used for home canning and eaten fresh.

Blackberry Loch Tay

The thornless Loch Tay blackberry of complex hybrid origin produces sweet large berries with dense pulp and smooth glossy black skin. The leveled dessert fruits begin to ripen in the last ten days of July, and then the harvest does not stop for about a month. Semi-cresting bushes are formed from strong, thornless shoots that form a compact, easy-to-maintain crown.

Description of the blackberry variety Thornfree

One of the first thornless blackberry varieties, which is still deservedly popular among summer residents. According to the description of the variety, it forms a large semi-erect bush, consisting of shoots up to 5 meters long.

The rigid stems perfectly withstand the weight of oval berries weighing from 5 to 8 grams that ripen in August–September.

The variety is distinguished by its disease resistance and high yield.

One cluster can contain from 30 to 120 berries. The black, smooth fruits have juicy pulp and an excellent sweet and sour taste, but when fully ripe, the berries quickly become wrinkled and cannot be stored.

Description of the blackberry variety Bedford Giant

Bedford Giant blackberry plantings have proven themselves equally well in industrial and private gardening. According to the description of the variety, Giant blackberries are plants with creeping, thorny shoots, on which dense black berries weighing up to 7 grams begin to ripen already in July. The fruits have excellent taste, the stems grow well and withstand winter.

Arapaho blackberry

American blackberry varieties are among the most popular in the world. The Arapahoe blackberry, discovered by Arkansas scientists in 1993, is one of a large series of plants named after American Indian tribes. Among the thornless varieties, this variety is considered the earliest.

Berries weighing up to 7 grams ripen in the second half of July. Sweet fruits with black shiny skin have a wide conical shape and juicy pulp, the taste of which is practically not affected by small seeds.

Highly productive bushes are not afraid of diseases and can withstand frosts down to –24 °C.

Blackberry Kiowa

Another variety from Arkansas scientists will give gardeners incredibly large berries that can be called record-breaking. Blackberries of the Kiova variety bear fruits weighing up to 20 grams with medium-sized seeds, dense skin and great taste pulp. The berries ripen gradually, withstand transportation well and do not become smaller by the end of the season. The bushes themselves, formed by erect shoots up to 160 cm high, can withstand frosts down to –23 °C.

Blackberry Apache

The productive frost-resistant variety Apache from the USA was first introduced to the horticultural community in 1999. Thornless blackberries with vigorous, erect shoots produce large, elongated berries weighing up to 10 grams with a sweet taste. The aromatic fruits are equally suitable for fresh consumption and freezing. The variety stands out for its excellent yield, comparable to the best commercial varieties, as well as high frost resistance.

Review of fruiting of some varieties of blackberries - video

Blackberries are a well-known plant that is rich in vitamins and antioxidants and has not only wonderful taste, but also many beneficial and medicinal properties. Although it is best known for its berries, the roots and leaves of the plant also have medicinal properties and can be used to treat diarrhea, dysentery and other diseases.

Where does blackberry grow and what does it look like?

Blackberries are a perennial plant, but, unfortunately, they can be found quite rarely in gardens. The plant is forgotten, and not deservedly so, because really positive properties This product has an incredible amount. Today's speech will do more not about garden blackberries, but forest blackberries.

Blackberries belong to a subgenus of the genus Rubus from the Rosaceae family. This family includes raspberries, brambles, cloudberries and other berry plants. In Ukraine it is often called ozhyna, and in the Caucasus - azhina.

Blackberry is a subshrub up to 3 meters high. It has straight branches, curved towards the bottom, which, when in contact with the ground, easily take root. This property of the berry plant allows it to easily reproduce and form thickets. In gardening, it is often used to create green hedges.

The stems are rough, gnarled and have rough thorns, which become woody as the bush ages. After fruiting, two-year-old branches die.

The leaves are green, have 5 or 7 lobes, serrated. There are spines on the back of the leaf.

Blackberries bloom from June to August with white or pink flowers, which have outstretched petals that are longer than the sepals. The berries ripen at the end of June, in July.

The fruits are shiny blue-black to black-red when ripe. The taste of the berries is sweet, aromatic and slightly astringent. They are used to make various preparations for the winter: jam, mixed with sugar, jam, jelly. You can freeze the berries.

Blackberries grow on many continents. The main regions of its growth are considered to be northern. But it also does well in warmer climates. It can be found both in forest clearings and on hills, meadows, and along river banks.

Composition of blackberry berries and leaves

Blackberries contain many useful substances that give them not only a pleasant taste, but also endow them with healing properties. They are a good source:

Vitamins: groups B, E, A, K, C and others;

Minerals: potassium, magnesium, sodium, iron, nickel, phosphorus, manganese, calcium, chromium, titanium;

Dietary fiber;

Sugars: fructose, glucose;

Organic acids: malic, citric, ellagic and others;

Flavonoids;

Antioxidants;

Carbohydrates;

Anthocyanins;

Mucous compounds.

All these compounds have a beneficial effect on immune system, digestion, metabolism.

Blackberry leaves are not much inferior in composition. They contain:

Vitamins;

Essential oil;

Amino acids;

Minerals;

Flavonoids;

Organic acids;

Saponins.

Tannins, which have astringent properties, are also found in the roots of the plant. That is why leaves and roots are often used for diarrhea, in case of poisoning, and for ulcers. gastrointestinal tract, dysentery.

Blackberry medicinal properties

Delicious juicy blackberries are eaten raw, the juice is squeezed out of them, dried and frozen. Its healing properties have been known since ancient times. Doctors in Ancient Greece recommended it to patients suffering from gout and arthritis.

Blackberries, due to the presence of many beneficial substances, have the following medicinal properties:

Anti-inflammatory;

Antioxidant;

Antiscorbutic;

Knitting;

Diuretics;

Anticancer;

Hemostatic;

Toning.

The root has the strongest astringent properties. Preparations from it are used for:

Dysentery;

Hemorrhoids;

Inflammation of the gums and oral cavity.

WITH therapeutic purpose the roots and leaves are most often used, while the berries are more commonly used in cooking.

A decoction of the leaves is prescribed for thrush in the form of baths or washes, gastroenteritis.

Berry syrup with honey is an excellent cough remedy. A glass of berries 3-4 times a week will normalize blood pressure, help cleanse the walls of blood vessels from cholesterol deposits, improving their elasticity, improve blood circulation and strengthen the immune system.

Anti-inflammatory properties will be useful for diseases of the kidneys, urinary system, intestines, and gall bladder.

Antioxidant properties are useful not only as a means of preventing the aging of the body, but also as a prevention of cancer.

Eating berries helps rejuvenate the body, neutralizes free radicals, and has a positive effect on the blood and brain.

Blackberries help normalize sleep, relieve stress, help you relax and get rid of chronic fatigue.

Blackberry preparations, especially roots and leaves, are known as good hemostatic agents; they can leave blood not only outside, but also internal hemorrhages. They are effective for hemophilia, rectal bleeding, uterine bleeding, heavy periods, bleeding gums.

Fresh leaves and poultices can be applied to insect bites, wounds, and to reduce the appearance of blisters from burns.

Blackberry application

For shortness of breath and nervousness, a decoction of the plant's branches helps. Take decoctions of the leaves for anemia, heart disease, and menopause.

An aromatic and fragrant tea is brewed from the leaves. It can also be used for washing wounds, as a lotion for skin care, especially oily skin.

Tea or infusion of leaves can be used to treat venous ulcers, dermatitis, eczema, arthritis, rheumatism, osteoarthritis.

Fresh leaves discourage the desire to snack and reduce appetite, which is useful for weight loss. In addition, chewing fresh leaves improves the condition of gums and freshens breath.

Decoctions and infusions are used for neuroses, menopause, and for gargling and mouthwash. They drink them for colds, flu, infections, as a mild diuretic. These drugs have pronounced diaphoretic properties.

You can gargle with fresh juice for hoarseness, pharyngitis, and sore throat.

Blackberry leaf tea

To prepare tea, you need to pour 1-2 tablespoons of fresh or dried leaves with a glass of boiling water and leave for 5-10 minutes.

You can drink tea throughout the day, preferably between meals.

Tea can be brewed with fresh or dried berries.

Infusion of blackberry leaves

For infusion, take 2 tablespoons of leaves (fresh or dried) and brew a glass of boiling water. Wrap and leave for an hour.

Blackberry root infusion

Pour 2 tablespoons of crushed plant roots into 0.5 liters of boiling water and leave for 6-8 hours. After steeping, place on the stove and cook for another 3 minutes.

Filter and take as directed. A decoction of blackberry roots helps with diarrhea, flu, respiratory diseases, it is used for gargling and diseases of the oral cavity.

Infusion for hypertension

Blackberry leaves (3 parts) are brewed together with shepherd's purse (1 part), sunflower petals (2 parts) and hop cones (0.5 parts). Brew a tablespoon of the mixture with a glass of boiling water. Infuse and drink throughout the day.

Blackberry decoction for neuroses

Pour 2 tablespoons of young blackberry twigs and leaves into 0.5 liters hot water and simmer over low heat or a water bath for 20 minutes. Let cool a little and strain. Drink 50 ml 3 times a day. The course of treatment is 2 weeks.

Blackberry juice for diarrhea

Squeeze 100 ml of juice from the berries. Place on the stove and add 5-6 clove buds. Boil over low heat for 4-5 minutes and cool. Take 1 tablespoon every 2 hours.

Root decoction for bleeding

Pour 100 grams of roots into 500 ml of hot water and boil at low boil until half the liquid remains of the original volume.

Filter and cool to room temperature. Top up the decoction to 500 ml with red wine. Divide into several equal parts and drink them throughout the day.

Infusion for diabetes

Prepare a collection of equal parts blackberries, herbs horsetail, ash leaves, valerian root and stinging nettle. Take 2 tablespoons of the crushed collection and brew with 1 liter of boiling water. Leave for 3 hours and filter. Take 100 ml every 4 times a day after meals.

Berry decoction for urinary incontinence

Take blackberries and blueberries in equal proportions. Pour a tablespoon of the mixture into 500 ml of hot water and simmer over low heat for a quarter of an hour. Drink 1 glass of decoction 4 times a day.

Contraindications and side effects

Despite the fact that blackberries are classified as food, they still have a number of contraindications. First of all, this is an allergy to these berries, which can manifest itself in various allergic reactions.

Preparations from roots and leaves should not be used long time. The optimal course of treatment is no more than one week, since they have powerful astringent properties.

Large amounts of tannins may cause nausea and vomiting in some people.

It is not recommended to give medicinal preparations with blackberries for children under 2 years old. For children younger age and for elderly people over 65 years of age, prepare medications at a lower concentration and increase if well tolerated.

Collection and preparation

Blackberries are harvested at the stage of full ripeness. They can be stored in the refrigerator for no more than 1 week.

Because the useful material are preserved when dried, they can be dried in the sun, in an oven or in an electric dryer at a temperature initially not higher than 70 degrees, then reduced to 50 degrees and with air ventilation. Dried berries can be stored for up to 2 years.

You can freeze fresh berries. In this form they are stored until the next harvest. Only ripe fruits are selected for freezing. They need to be sorted out, cleaned of stuck leaves and other debris, and rinsed cold water and dry on a paper towel. Then put into small bags or containers with a lid.

Roots are harvested at the end of the growing season. The dug roots are cleared of soil, washed and cut into small pieces. They need to be dried in the shade in a ventilated room, oven or electric dryer at a temperature not exceeding 50 degrees.

Leaves for medicinal use collected during the flowering period. You can collect them throughout the summer. Dry the leaves also in the shade in a ventilated area.

The prepared raw materials should be stored in paper or cloth bags, bags or cardboard boxes.

See the benefits of blackberries in the program “Live Healthy”

How the types, shapes and varieties differ from each other, how to choose blackberry varieties - advice from practitioners for beginners. What varieties of blackberries are there, which ones are better, and how are the agricultural techniques of cultivation different? How are planting and care fundamentally different?

As experienced gardeners joke, the first problem is to get it in, the second is to get it out. There is some truth in the joke: it is not whimsical and reproduces easily. And there are more prospects: it is very fruitful.

Classification and characteristics: who is who

The culture belongs to the genus Rosaceae, a direct relative of raspberries. There are two, or rather three, groups: upright (erect) brambles, creeping blackberries (dewberries). Separate view V Lately semi-creeping ones began to be distinguished.

Brambles - with a straight trunk, erect

• Most have many replacement shoots growing from the rhizome. Reproduction by petioles, green or lignified root suckers.
• They are more frost-resistant and productive due to the fact that most have branched multi-tiered fruit clusters. At the same time, the berry is significantly smaller than creeping brambles.
• They differ in the fact that the majority of the berries ripen later.
• Some produce root suckers, many reproduce from the tops of the stem.
• The root collar should be covered with soil no more than 1-2 cm.
• Planting distance is 2-2.5 m, row spacing is up to 2.5 m.
• For erect blackberries, despite the bush planting method, support is needed.
• The trimming is different.

Orapaho, Navajo, Chester, replaced Orkan - without a single thorn, large-fruited, Avagavam - harvest dates are early August, Darrow - fruiting from early August to mid-September, Buckingham, Tayberry, Ufimskaya Local - Russian, Gazda - Polish, Flint - very similar to it similar, Taylor et al.

Rosyanyky

Creeping, whip-like stems, flexible, require attachment to a support (garter).

• The main difference after shoots is the absence of root shoots. Replacement shoots grow from rhizomes.
• Less drought-resistant compared to creeping blackberry varieties due to the characteristics of the rhizome and leaves
• The berry is juicy, sweeter and definitely larger than bramble. However, the fruit branches are not so rich, there are few berries in the cluster, due to which the gross yield is less than that of erect species.
• Differ more early ripening – July-August.
• They do not produce root shoots; they reproduce from the tops of the stem - pulps, layering of the apical bud, and less often by green cuttings.
• When planting creeping blackberries, the root bud should be directed upward.
• The distance when planting is at least 1.6-2 m in a row, between rows at least 2.5 to 3 m. A denser planting requires intensive fertilizing, since the feeding area is reduced. In addition, when the height of the plants changes, it is necessary to form the vine in a new way, and this is additional time that not everyone has.

Black Butte - new to the market, very large - length 5 cm, diameter 2.5 cm, weight more than 10 g, with small spines, Waldo Tornless, Karaka Black - early New Zealand , a new product, famous for its large fruits 10-12 g and abundant fruiting, Izobilnaya - Russian, bred by Michurin and has not lost its relevance, Lucretia - not a new product, old American, not winter-hardy, etc.

The third type is hybrids with characteristics of both species, creeping and erect. They were united by their best characteristics: multi-tiered fruit cluster, productivity, large fruits. Many have acquired relatively high frost resistance.

At the very beginning, the stems grow vertically; upon reaching a height of 1.5 m, they take a horizontal position. You can’t call them vine-like or soft – they are quite rough and hard.

• They need to be taught to horizontal position as it grows, it is attached to a support, otherwise, when trying to bend, damage or breakage is possible.
• For propagation, the tops of the shoots are pinned to the ground. Having taken root, the top overwinters. In the spring, in May, it is cut off from the mother bush, and in the fall the seedlings can be transplanted to a new place.
• Covering - should winter only under cover to avoid freezing of the roots.

The most famous are Thornfree, Smutstem, Black Satin (August-early September), Evergreen, Chester Thornless, Dirksen Thornless, Natchez (thornless, early ripening), Black Diamond. We are more adapted to the conditions of Central Russia, Ukraine, Belarus Thornfree, Black Satin, Smutsam, a relative of Thornfree, but have a lower yield - 0.5-0.7 per bush, smaller round fruits - up to 2.5 g.

Thornless and spiny

It is not surprising that varieties of thornless blackberries are more valuable. And how do they differ from those dotted with, albeit small, thorns?
The stems are not covered with thorns, but instead have slight pubescence. This makes harvesting much easier.
The absence of root suckers - in most cases, if it refers to brambles or semi-creeping hybrids. A big plus: once the crop takes root, it produces a lot of shoots that can clog the entire area.
Much more productive, aimed at obtaining maximum quantity berries These are mainly semi-cresting species, but there are also many erect-growing species, brambles.

Otherwise, if you want to learn more about blackberry varieties, read the information from the originator, taking into account that the main thing is care, competent agricultural technology, as well as conditions - soil, climate. Choose the one that suits you best, taking into account the climatic conditions and experiment - this is the only way you will choose the best one. The right choice for you!

Blackberry is a thorny shrub belonging to the genus Rubus (Rose family). The blackberry fruit is a black-purple berry, similar in appearance to a raspberry. Although blackberries grow everywhere, America is considered its homeland, where it is actively cultivated. Gardeners in Mexico are especially successful in this. In Europe, the berry is almost never grown.

Types and varieties of blackberries

There are about 200 types of blackberries, in Two of them are widespread in our country:

1. Bushy blackberry, or bramble - a bush covered with thorns and has inclined stems. The berries are sweet and sour, with a blue-violet color.
2. Gray blackberry (ozhina) - a bush with straight shoots with small thorns, like a raspberry, covered with a whitish coating. The berries are quite small, covered with a bluish coating.

To date, more than 40 varieties of cultivated blackberries are known, let’s name the most famous of them:

Nutritional value, calorie content and composition of blackberries

Blackberries have many beneficial properties. One of them is low calorie content. 100 g of fresh berries contains only 36 kcal.

Nutritional value of 100 blackberries:

• 5.3 g carbohydrates.
• 2 g proteins.
• 0.5 g fat.

Composition of blackberries (per 100 g):

1. Vitamins:

• 15 mg vitamin C.
• 1.2 mg vitamin E.
• 0.4 mg vitamin PP.
• 0.1 mg beta-carotene.
• 0.05 mg vitamin B2 (riboflavin).
• 0.01 mg vitamin B1 (thiamine).
• 17 mcg vitamin A.

2. Minerals:

The benefits and harms of blackberries

Useful properties of blackberries:

• Thanks to a large number vitamin C, blackberries are an excellent remedy to strengthen the immune system. In addition, it has anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties.
• Decoctions of blackberry berries and leaves are used to treat diseases of the stomach and intestines, including gastritis.
• An infusion of leaves is used to reduce blood pressure and treatment of atherosclerosis.
• Studies have shown that blackberries prevent the development of cancerous tumors.

What harm can blackberries cause to the body?

1. For all its advantages, blackberries are a strong allergen, so they should not be consumed by people prone to allergic reactions for products.
2. The berry will not benefit people suffering from kidney disease or high acidity.

Blackberries in the diet of pregnant and lactating women, children, diabetics and athletes

Blackberries are very beneficial for pregnant women . It restores metabolism and normalizes work digestive system and saturates the body with energy.

How to properly collect, consume and store blackberries?

1. Blackberries begin to ripen in August. In this case, as a rule, the bush is picked in batches, about 10 times per season.
2. A ripe, but not overripe, berry should be firm to the touch and have a black color with a reddish tint.
3. Blackberries are harvested only in dry, sunny weather. It is best to do this in the morning, when the dew has dried on the fruit.
4. The berry should be picked together with the stalk, otherwise it will become crushed and quickly release juice.
5. Blackberries can be stored in the refrigerator for no more than 4 days. At a temperature of 0 degrees, the berries remain fresh for up to three weeks.
6. Blackberries can be dried and frozen. It is not recommended to wash berries before drying.
7. Blackberries go best with baked goods, any dairy products and berries.

What dishes can you cook with blackberries?

Blackberries for dietary nutrition

Blackberries are classified as negative calorie foods. This means that to digest the berry, the body has to spend more calories than it contains. Thanks to this remarkable property, blackberries are used as a dietary component. For example, it can be consumed during a berry diet.

Those losing weight are offered the following menu:

• Breakfast : 250 g berries, mineral water or green tea.
• Lunch : a glass of fruit juice.
• Dinner : vegetable soup, fish or chicken with a side dish of rice, buckwheat or vegetables and a light salad.
• Afternoon snack : 250 g berries.
• Dinner : vegetables.

General energy value products should not exceed 1000 kcal . You can continue the diet from 2 weeks to a month.