Red-eyed tree frog description report abstract information message photo presentation. The most dangerous animals in the world: poisonous tree frogs Yellow poison dart frog
Red-eyed tree frog (Agalychnis callidryas). The species was first described in 1862 by Cope. The Latin name of the species is derived from the Greek words - kallos (beautiful) and dryas (tree nymph).
The red-eyed tree frog is a slender frog. The eyes are large with a nictitating membrane, the pupils are vertical. The toes are short, thickly padded with suction cups, and adapted more for climbing than swimming.
(Total 13 photos)
1. Range: Central and South America (Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Belize, Colombia, Panama). Habitat: Tropical rainforests (lowland and foothills) near water. Inhabits the upper and middle tiers of trees. Frogs can often be found on the underside of the leaves of epiphytic plants and vines.
2. Color: basic - green, on the sides and at the base of the paws - blue with a yellow pattern, fingers - orange. The belly is white or cream. The eyes are red. The coloration varies within the range. Some individuals have small white spots on the back. Young tree frogs (in Panama) can change their color: during the day they are green, and at night they turn purple or red-brown. Juveniles have yellow eyes instead of red ones.
3. Size: females - 7.5 cm, males - 5.6 cm. Life span: 3-5 years.
4. Enemies: reptiles - snakes (eg parrot snakes Leptophis ahaetulla), lizards and turtles, birds, small mammals (including bats). Cat-eyed snakes (Leptodeira septentrionalis), wasps (Polybia rejecta), monkeys, fly larvae Hirtodrosophila batracida and others prey on eggs. Fungal infections, such as Filamentous ascomycete, affect eggs. Tadpoles are preyed upon by large arthropods, fish and water spiders.
5. Food: Red-eyed tree frog is a carnivore, eats various animals that fit in the mouth - insects (beetles, flies, moths) and arachnids, lizards and frogs.
6. Behavior: nocturnal. Red-eyed tree frogs can swim, have parabolic vision and a good sense of touch. During the day, frogs sleep on the underside of green leaves, hiding from predators. While resting, their eyes are covered with a translucent membrane that does not prevent the frogs from seeing. If a predator attacks a red-eyed tree frog, it sharply opens its eyes and their bright red color confuses the attacker. At the moment when the predator froze, the frog runs away. When night falls, tree frogs wake up, yawn and stretch. Despite their bright frightening color, red-eyed tree frogs are not poisonous, but their skin contains a large amount of active peptides (tachykinin, bradykinin, caerulein and demorphin).
7. Breeding: Starts with the first rains at the beginning of the wet season. Males, competing with each other, actively sing, trying to attract a female. On dry nights, the males sing while sitting high on the vegetation; when it rains or when the ponds are full, they descend to the ground or sit at the base of small shrubs and trees. When the female descends to the males, then several males can jump on her at once. As soon as amplexus occurs, the female, with the male sitting on her back, descends into the water and remains there for about ten minutes in order to absorb water through the skin. After that, the female lays her eggs on the leaves (one egg each, 30-50 in total), which hang over the water. During the breeding season, a female may mate with several males and lay up to five clutches.
The red-eyed tree frog is an unusual amphibian of rich light green color with a bright expressive look. The tree frog is nocturnal. It lives in forests in the leaves of trees, but can swim.
Habitat
This representative of the tailless order comes from Central America and warm regions of Mexico.
Prefers damp tropics located in the lowlands, although it is found in the low foothills.
Appearance
It has a very modest size, the length of the calf is from six centimeters to eight. The head is rounded. A distinctive feature is large red eyes with vertical pupils.
Leathery upper eyelids and almost transparent lower eyelids are necessary for protection: while resting, it observes what is happening around through the membranes. With a possible attack in a tree frog, the skin folds descend, bright red eyes scare predator, this gives the opportunity to escape. Active in the dark.
The tree frog has a frightening coloration, but it is not poisonous. The skin is smooth. Has a good sense of touch. The size and coloring depend on temperature, illumination and other parameters. The body can be either light green or dark. The sides of the tree frog are deep blue, the stripes on them are:
- purple
- brown
- yellow
They are directed vertically or diagonally, the number of stripes is not the same in different populations (from 9 to 5-6). The belly is pure white or light cream. Her shoulders and hips are blue or orange. Bright orange fingers (and pads too) vary to light yellow.
The paws are equipped with suction cups, because of this, it climbs more than it is in ponds. There may be faint whitish spots or dark green lines on the back. Tree frogs change color from greenish (during the day) to brownish red (at dusk).
Lifestyle
The tree frog constantly stays in the trees, sleeps and feeds there. Likes heat (above 20 degrees).
The green frog wakes up at sunset, yawning and stretching, then stays awake. Moves by leaps for an impressive distance. In the heat it hides in the foliage.
Food
Amphibian - is a carnivore, its diet consists of small insects that fit in the mouth (, spiders, flies, etc.).
Enemies
The main danger for tree frogs is snakes (parrot, cat-eyed, etc.), as well as lizards, birds, bats and small mammals. Eggs are eaten by reptiles, etc.
They suffer from fungal infections. Fish, arachnids, and arthropods can destroy tadpole fry.
reproduction
During the rainy period of the tree frog, the most suitable weather for the appearance of offspring. Intensive mating occurs in June and October evenings. Males make different sounds: frightening - for competitors and inviting - for future partners. Due to the resonator bags, the sound is loud.
The frog begins to croak intensively before sunset, while the sound intensifies with increasing humidity. Female tree frogs spawn on branches hanging above the water surface, 35-45 eggs. They are protected by a gelatinous shell, which makes the eggs inconspicuous. By the time of hatching, each increases one and a half times. The incubation period for the tree green frog is one week.
The tadpoles of the red-eyed frog appear at the same time, and they are washed into the pond. The fry grow up to 40 millimeters. After 2 and a half months, they turn into frogs. one of the largest inhabitants of the water element.
With its large, bulging red eyes, this tree frog uses a defense mechanism called "fright color". When the frog closes them, its green eyelids help it blend in with the palette of green plants around it. If you approach a nocturnal frog during daytime sleep, it suddenly opens its eyes, which instantly discourages the predator, providing itself with a few seconds in order to escape. So big red eyes are by no means a tribute to fashion.
To emphasize the color of their eyes, these red-eyed frogs are bright green, sometimes with a yellow or blue tint. Depending on the mood, the red-eyed tree frog can change skin color, becoming dark green or reddish brown. The belly and throat are usually white, and on the sides there is a pattern of vertical stripes of blue with a white border. The fingers are bright red or orange and equipped with suckers that allow them to sleep during the day, clinging tightly to the leaves in the rainforest, and at night to hunt insects and small frogs.
Females reach a size of 7.5 cm, males are slightly smaller - 5.6 cm. Like other amphibians, red-eyed tree frogs begin their lives as tadpoles in temporary or permanent reservoirs. As adult frogs, they are still dependent on water, and in order to keep their skin moist, they prefer to always be near water sources, which are abundant in tropical rainforests.
Red-eyed tree frogs can be found clinging to branches, trunks, and even under the leaves of trees, where they hide from predators. Adults live in the upper and middle tiers of tropical forests, sometimes they can be found inside bromeliads. Red-eyed tree frogs are predators, feeding mainly on insects. They prefer crickets, flies, grasshoppers and butterflies. Sometimes they do not disdain smaller relatives.
Frogs have historically always been indicators of the health of an ecosystem or its impending vulnerability. Not surprisingly, the world's frog population has declined significantly in recent years, research shows that factors including chemical pollution from pesticide use, acid rain, and mineral fertilizer use weaken the ozone layer, increasing UV exposure, and can damage fragile eggs. Although the red-eyed tree frog is not endangered, its habitat is under constant threat.
A red-eyed tree frog, about 2 cm long, landed on the beetle's back.
http://www.infoniac.ru/gallery/day/Osedlav-zhuka.html
This frog is probably the most popular of all amphibian species with photographers in the world and for many is the epitome of the tropics. The red-eyed tree frog was first described by Edward Cope in 1862. Usually these tree frogs live in the area from Central America to Mexico, especially in Honduras. They are found in Belize, Colombia, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua and Panama. They live in tropical forests and move through the trees, to some extent staying closer to the ground where they hunt at night, while they are always close to water bodies. This frog is also called the Red-Eyed Tree Frog, the Red-Eyed "Monkey Frog".
Today, these tree frogs are considered a fairly common species in these areas and are not threatened.
Description and general information
Family: Tree frogs (Hylidae)
Subfamily: Phyllomedusa (Phyllomedusinae)
Origin: Central America (Southern Mexico, Panama)
Adult Length: Males 50-55mm (1.96-2.16 inches); Females 65-70 mm (2.55-2.75 inches)
Lifespan: 4-10 years in captivity
Content Difficulty: Medium
Breeding Difficulty: Medium
Activity: Strictly nocturnal
Temperatures: Daytime 26-28°C (78-82°F); Night 22-24°C (71-75°F)
Diet: Crickets, moths and other insects
Male with female, (Photo: Dr. Peter Weish)
The red-eyed tree frog is a small tree frog belonging to the tree frog family. The back is painted in a bright lime green color during the day, but becomes darker with the onset of night, the abdomen is usually white or cream. Some individual individuals may have white spots on their backs. The eyes, as the name implies, are bright red with black vertical pupils. Paws are orange, toes with well-developed pads, partially fused, forming membranes. Specimens from the southern part of the range of this species have a blue or purple inner surface of the hind and forepaws, while individuals more northerly have an orange color instead of blue. Some individuals from the south have wide blue areas on the sides, against which there are 3-8 pale yellow thin vertical stripes; in northern specimens, the lateral regions are rather brownish-red, and the vertical stripes are darker. All the species that I met in the amphibian market came from the southern part of the range. During the day, all the bright parts of the body are hidden from view, and you can only see the green back of the tree frog - at night, when they begin to wake up, they appear before the world in all their glory. That. it is believed that frogs need bright colors in order to scare away possible predators and get a chance to hide.
Red-eyed tree frog "Photo Gorky"
At night during the rainy season, which lasts from late May to December, males singing can be heard from the vegetation, about 1-3 meters from the ground. Plants of such a plan can be found around or near quiet reservoirs, ditches, ditches, small forest lakes. Sometimes tree frogs can be heard at a height of 5 meters or more. By itself, singing can be like clucking, a dull sound on one or two notes. Cases of singing of several hundred males at the same time are registered. Outside the breeding season, they can be found in trees at a height of 10 m and above. During the day, this night frog can be seen on green leaves, making the tree frog almost invisible to the outside world.
The breeding season begins with the arrival of the rainy season. As mentioned above, the singing of males can be heard from the thickets, thus they try to attract larger females. When a pair is formed, the male climbs onto the female, grabbing the base of her front paws. Holding the male on her back, the female descends to the water, absorbing some moisture into the bladder - without this, the eggs, being laid, can dry out. After this procedure, the female climbs back to the tree or bush and selects a leaf above the pond where the eggs fertilized by the male can be laid. Pale green eggs will be in a jelly-like mass for 5-9 days before the appearance of tadpoles from them, which, after hatching, will fall into the reservoir and continue their development there. It happens that the female lays her eggs not directly above the reservoir, in which case the tadpoles are forced to use their tails to get to the reservoir. Groups of tadpoles sometimes gather near the surface of the water, at an angle of 45° on the sunny side of the reservoir. The final metamorphosis takes 7-9 weeks.
Like most frogs, these tree frogs are insectivorous, and in my experience they are more attracted to more mobile insects than amorphous creatures such as caterpillars. It is believed that they can eat smaller frogs, but this has not yet been proven. But the tree frogs themselves often become victims of bats, birds, snakes (for example, Leptodeira willingly eat tree frog eggs).
Species: Agalychnis callidryas = Red-eyed tree frog
(Red-eyed tree frog, Beautiful tree nymph).
The red-eyed tree frog was described in 1862 by Cope. And its Latin specific name comes from the Greek words - kallos (beautiful) and dryas (tree nymph).
The range of the red-eyed tree frog occupies Central and South America. It is noted in such countries as Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Belize, Colombia, Panama.
Their main habitats are lowland and foothill tropical rainforests, usually located nearby or on the banks of water bodies. The red-eyed tree frog inhabits the upper and middle tiers of trees. Here tree frogs settle on the leaves of epiphytic plants and vines.
The red-eyed tree frog has a slender body covered with smooth skin. The main tone of the body color is green, and on the sides of the body and at the base of the paws it is blue with a yellow pattern, the fingers are orange. The belly is white or cream. The coloration varies within the range. Some individuals have small white spots on the back.
It is noted that in Panama, young tree frogs can change their color: in the daytime they are green, and at night they turn purple or red-brown. The eyes of young individuals are not red, but yellow.
The toes are short, with suckers on thick pads. Therefore, the fingers of the red-eyed tree frog are adapted more for climbing than for swimming. The head is rounded with large red eyes and a vertical pupil. The eyes have a nictitating membrane that protects the eye from foreign objects. 
In the red-eyed tree frog, females are somewhat larger than males: they reach 7.5 cm, while males - 5.6 cm.
The red-eyed tree frog is nocturnal. During the day, frogs sleep on the underside of green leaves, thus hiding from various predators.
While resting, their eyes are covered with a translucent membrane that does not prevent the frogs from seeing. If a predator attacks a red-eyed tree frog, it sharply opens its eyes and their bright red color confuses the attacker. At the moment when the predator froze, the frog runs away.
The main enemies of the red-eyed tree frog are snakes, in particular parrot snakes (Leptophis ahaetulla), as well as some tree lizards, birds, small mammals (including bats). Despite this, the average life expectancy is 3-5 years.
Tadpoles are preyed upon by large arthropods (such as water spiders), fish, and turtles. Red-eyed tree frog eggs are readily eaten by cat-eyed snakes (Leptodeira septentrionalis), wasps (Polybia rejecta), monkeys, fly larvae Hirtodrosophila batracida, etc. In addition, eggs are often affected by fungal infections (Filamentous ascomycete, etc.).
The red-eyed tree frog, like its other tribesmen, is a carnivore. The basis of its diet consists of various animals: from insects - a variety of beetles, dipterans (all kinds of flies and mosquitoes), lepidoptera and arachnids, to small lizards and frogs, i.e. they eat whatever they can catch and what fits in their mouths.
Red-eyed tree frogs can swim, have parabolic vision and a good sense of touch. When night falls, tree frogs wake up, yawn and stretch.
Despite their bright frightening coloration, red-eyed tree frogs are not poisonous, although their skin contains a large amount of active peptides (tachykinin, bradykinin, caerulein and demorphin).
With the advent of the wet season, when the rains begin, red-eyed tree frogs begin breeding. Peak breeding within the range falls on May-November. 
Adult males have special resonator sacs that greatly amplify the sounds they produce. Males, competing with each other, actively sing, trying to attract a female. On dry rainless nights, males sing, climbing high on the plants closest to the reservoir, and during rain or when reservoirs are filled to the brim with rainwater, red-eyed frogs descend to the ground or sit at the base of small shrubs and trees and sing.
When a female, attracted by the singing of males, approaches them, then several suitors can immediately jump on her at once. As soon as amplexus occurs, the female, with the male sitting on her back, descends into the water and remains there for about ten minutes in order to absorb water through the skin. 
After that, the female begins to lay eggs one at a time, placing them on leaves hanging over the water. In total, the female lays up to 30-50 green eggs. Their diameter immediately after oviposition is about 3.7 mm, and before the larvae emerge it reaches 5.2 mm. Each egg is covered on the outside with a gelatinous, rather elastic shell, which plays a protective role, making them unattractive to many potential predators.
After the completion of the oviposition process, the female returns to the water to restore the disturbed water balance of the body. In total, during the breeding season, a female can mate with several males and lay up to five clutches of eggs.
Incubation of eggs continues depending on the temperature of 6-10 days. In some cases, when the tadpoles in the clutch that have almost completed their development are threatened by a predator (for example, an attack by a snake or wasp) or flooding, the tadpoles leave the eggs ahead of schedule - by 4-5 days. Tadpoles usually hatch in the same clutch almost simultaneously, which allows the liquid released from the eggs to wash them off the leaf into the pond. Sometimes the tadpoles fall to the ground. In this case, they can live without water for up to 20 hours. If it rains during this time, it can wash the tadpoles into a nearby body of water.
Red-eyed tree frog larvae have external gills, while hatched tadpoles breathe through internal gills and skin.
The dorsal side of the tadpoles of the red-eyed tree frog has an olive-gray color, and their length reaches 4.8 mm. Complete metamorphosis of tadpoles is completed in 75-80 days.
Currently, the number of populations of the red-eyed tree frog is gradually declining due to active human activities that destroy their natural habitats.
