Free video channels for learning Arabic on YouTube. Secrets of self-learning Arabic
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Anti-Zionist course in literary Arabic, from scratch to perfection.
This course is a private project of the author, which does not earn him a penny, and is done out of sheer enthusiasm and love for linguistics in general and the Arabic language in particular. Therefore, no complaints about the form of presentation or the content of the lessons are accepted, membership in this community is limited, anyone can read, only caretakers can post articles (there is a totalitarian dictatorship and no democracies, tolerance and other false manifestations of Zionism), you can ask questions in the comments and provide constructive criticism on the content of a particular lesson with suggestions for improvement. Everyone who disagrees with these simple rules will be mercilessly slaughtered, and persistent oligophrenic Zionists will be sent to the shaitan with an eternal ban on comments.
The course will be built on my knowledge gained during self-study Arabic, as well as a bunch of other languages, in the Arabic language course I took at the Saudi Arabian Embassy, and in the audio and video materials available to me, found on the Internet and in other sources. Where I know the authorship of borrowed materials, I indicate it. Where I don’t know, I don’t indicate. If you are the copyright holder of anything posted here, please notify either of the two community caretakers and we will, in consultation with you, either remove the material or include a link back to you. I apologize in advance.
The main principles are the simplest and most convenient presentation of the material, with detailed explanations on each topic and every nuance of the topic, as well as the self-sufficiency of the course, i.e. you will not need to delve into numerous dictionaries to translate this or that word, scour in search of the Most Detailed Grammar of the Arabic Language to understand the unsaid, etc. This course will be sufficient to master literary Arabic (fuskha), which underlies all modern dialects of Arabic. Some dialects will be covered later in separate courses and/or articles, but sometimes explanations of the most common differences between the main dialects will be given within this course. I try to avoid scientific terminology as much as possible, replacing it with simple and accessible vocabulary from the language of the average person. Pointers to scientific and other very, very smart and correct names I will give terms in the form of small notes and where I deem it appropriate. The course will be constantly supplemented and improved, ideally I want to bring it at least to the level of a university graduate with a degree in philology, insha Alla.
The Arabic language is certainly not something more divine than any other language, as the Arabs claim, but it is certainly unique, like any other language. Arabic literature can compete with any other literature in the world, if not in terms of knowledge, then at least in terms of national flavor, which has not sunk into the centuries thanks to the successful reshaping of the Judeo-Christian lies under the leadership of Muhammad, who provided an ideology stable in time and space for all Arabs, as well as imposed the Arab worldview on millions of representatives of hundreds of other nations, which cannot but delight an outside observer. Arabic is one of my top five favorite foreign languages, and I know it much better than the other four combined, so we'll start with that.
Content.
Section 1. Sounds and letters.
This section may seem a little haphazard in terms of teaching grammar and vocabulary. But it is not so. Systematic study of grammar is possible only after mastering writing, and in this section, individual inclusions of grammar are given so that later, when studying subsequent sections, everything is easier to remember and assimilate. After all main principle language learning is hidden in the ancient saying “repetition is the mother of learning.” The situation is similar with vocabulary (i.e. vocabulary): words from the main layer of Arabic everyday vocabulary, i.e. words that Arabs use in everyday life often consist of letters that logically come last, i.e. These words include the most difficult sounds for a Russian person, and we start with the easiest ones so as not to be scared right away. Therefore, there will be no full-fledged texts and topics until all the sounds and letters of the Arabic language are fully mastered, which means there will be serious texts only from the second section.
Sounds similar to the sounds of the Russian language and their letter expression.
Lesson 1. Short vowels. Consonants "b, t"
Lesson 2. Consonants "d, r, z"
Lesson 3. "t" is feminine
Tested on children.
If someone can read the Koran after this, the author is not to blame.
He had other goals, but - Good luck!
U different people- different thinking, therefore, for example, physicists and lyricists need to be taught foreign languages in completely different ways. However, in all existing foreign language textbooks, one can feel the same and “shady” German approach: unnecessary thoroughness, an abundance of unnecessary, stupid, unstructured information at the start, tediousness that kills mood and motivation after 5 pages and puts you to sleep after ten.
That is, it is often not the student’s fault, but rather the teaching system that “fucks up.”
Roughly speaking, the teacher is to blame.
It’s as if someone put a filter on the “unworthy” foreign language.
And this is how the “cut-off” is carried out...
But why did they write a book for this, why was it called a “textbook”
and why were you sold “crap” that is of little use for learning??
Some books should be called - not textbooks, but "turnstiles",
like, if you made it through, you move on, if you didn’t make it through, sit, smoke, and smoke bamboo...
Existing textbooks are poorly designed for the thinking of a normal Russian person.
modern, not "outdated" version. When you are told obvious platitudes that are clearly rewritten 100 recent years, there is a feeling that you have “gotten it”... thoughts that you turned out to be smarter than your teacher, and the teacher is “acting out” - really interfere with learning.
Perhaps philologists wrote textbooks - for people with a different background,
Perhaps the “background” of the average student has grown over 100 years
or the methods are outdated.
It may also be that people who don’t know anything useful except languages increase the value of their knowledge by making show-offs and meaningful snot - where everything can be explained more simply, on the fingers, faster and more interestingly.
Can a teacher be boring?
After all, language is a means of communication.
The author of the textbook, the teacher, already has a “credit” from the student who bought and picked up the textbook. And if a student quits studying, maybe also because the author doesn’t “pull it out” - maybe because he’s a bad teacher? It is not customary to criticize teachers, but here the criticism is not from a student, but from a “colleague.” And in this case, criticism is more than appropriate. Because there is no need for bad teachers to scare students away from all teachers.
Let's take Arabic.
Most fears about learning Arabic stem from its written form.
Which the textbook presents in such a way that... you begin to understand the Inquisition...
Often textbooks focus on layers of language - from Islam and the Koran.
if the textbook is Soviet, then it is based on the experience of building communism.
For what??
Why frighten a person by aggressively imposing archetypes of behavior that are alien (for a Russian). Orthodox Christians and atheists do not need to immediately give words meaning “namaz” and “Akbar”.
That is, these words must be present, but then, where their presence will be justified by the logic of teaching, and not just by the teacher’s desire to immediately “convert” the student to his Faith. The student came for another. And the market says that you should respect your consumer. In the end, the student came to the Arabic teacher, and not to the madrasah.
How to interest a student.
How to awaken motivation?
Arabic language - specifically Russian and Orthodox Christian makes it possible to touch the Biblical texts - in a different coordinate system. And understand the hidden meanings that (alas) disappeared without a trace in Russian translations - from Greek translations.
Eg. King Herod turns out to be the "king of the Earth." Ard and Herod (land) are spelled the same.
Bethlehem - (beit lahm) - turns out to be a sheep house, a barn. Like in popular prints showing the stable where Jesus was born.
The English Queen "Bloody Mary" turns out to be the "Mother of the State".
The Pharisees turn out to be ordinary Persians or horsemen.
Saducees - friends, brothers, monks.
Pharaohs turn out to be simply the leaders of these horsemen.
Kagan - High Priest.
The possible meaning of the “new spelling” of the name Jesus (the appearance of the second letter “i”) during the Great Schism of the 17th century becomes clear - precisely as a result of the translation of Arabic texts into “Cyrillic”. the stroke under the consonant “and” is the second “and”, which is written but not necessarily read. And the main dispute of the split takes on a different logic and harmony. This is precisely from the translation of Semitic texts - through Greek - into Russian.
The best motivation.
There is such an “Old Belarusian language”. This is a language in which ordinary text in Old Russian is written in Arabic letters. Agree, it’s nice when in the process of studying one modern language- you find yourself “in the load” as the bearer of another, and ancient one at that.
The laws of “Freebies” (sweets in Arabic) have not been repealed. And the learning process turns out to be more effective if you lead the student “from freebie to freebie.”))
An example of the text of the "Old Belarusian language" from the Internet. This Old Slavonic language, written in Arabic script.
My teacher, a KGB officer, once gave advice that was very appropriate in that situation - not to try to translate your life into Arabic. University, cinema and clubs are images of another culture for which would be better suited another language.
It’s more useful to come up with an “image” of an Arab and tell it from him. It is the language of nomadic peasants and has 70 words for camel and 5 verbs for “to think.” No need to complicate...
May I have 5 brothers and 6 sisters,
your father has three wives and three houses.
It’s easier to learn from an authentic map than to make a fuss about how to delicately name concepts that are absent from Arab culture." landing troops", ""institute", "potatoes", "privatization" and "investment banking business".
So, the first principle of memorizing letters is “Shemakha”.
As the hero of Pushkin’s fairy tale said: “Reign while lying on your side”...
There are many Arabic symbols - you can memorize them by tilting your head to the right or to the left.
For example, the “European” numbers 2, 3, 4, 6, 7 are frankly of Arabic origin. It’s just that someone “messed up”, sat “drunk” and wrote down numbers, sitting “to the left” - from the source. Or poked him from behind his shoulder.
Second.
For some reason it is not customary to talk about this, but almost all Latin and Slavic letters- were derived from Arabic script. Don't believe me? It’s simply not customary to talk about this. But calmly and without panic, take a closer look at the letters. If you can’t do it straight, try writing them not from right to left, as the Arabs themselves write. And reproduce them “our way”, as we write, from left to right.
If you don’t recognize them, try to relax, imagine how Cyril and Methodius “stole” the letters from the Arabs without indicating their sources. In order not to deduct copyright. Still, the Arabs have “close relatives” (perhaps even Cyril and Methodius themselves). Try writing the letters from left to right again. And look at the clues.
So, in order to convey information in the Old Belarusian language, you need to write Arabic letters - from right to left.
And these letters are modified Russian (Latin letters).
In Arabic, only consonants and long (stressed) vowels are written.
Short vowels are not written.
- there is no letter “p” in the Arabic alphabet, Arabs use the letter “b”
- the letter "g" is similar to the Russian one.
- the letter "i" twice. Once at the end of a word, the other in the middle. It can be seen by two points below it. The spelling is different, but these two dots “give it away”.
The letter "v" twice. Its writing anywhere (at the beginning in the middle, at the end - the same)
Vocalization rule
There are only 28 letters in the Arabic alphabet.
Strictly speaking, they are all consonants. Vowel sounds (and there are only three of them) are conveyed by special signs that are placed “above” or “below” the letter. The icons are called "vocals".
The vowels “a”, “i”, “u” are called “Fatha, kesra, damma”
A - stroke above the consonant
"and" is a stroke from below,
"y" - comma on top,
“without a vowel” - circle, “sukkun”,
ending "an" - two strokes above the consonant
shadda "w" - doubling of a consonant.
ending "in" - two strokes under the consonant
This is how the previous sentence “let’s talk” -
will look like “Old Belarusian” with vowels.
In most cases, you will not find texts with vowels in Arabic books and media. Why? Because Arabs read and understand these texts perfectly even without vowels. This is comparable to when in Russian we encounter the letter “Ё” without dots, but we understand that it is “Ё”. This is experience and skill. A couple of months of reading the exercises in their textbook - and anyone will have it.
Vocalizations were developed by medieval philologists. One of the theories of their origin is this: in those days, a large number of people accepted Islam - without knowing the language. And so that “fresh” Muslims could read the Koran without errors, a system of vowels was adopted. Nowadays vowels can be found mainly in textbooks, in some Holy books(Koran, Bible), in reference books and dictionaries. But moving in this environment, anyone begins to read and understand texts without vowels at all.
Arabic writing allows us to better understand the speakers of Turkic, Iranian and Caucasian languages. And due to the fact that Moscow is already the largest Tajik, Tatar, Azerbaijani, Uzbek city - it is advisable to have this just in case, let it be... Because this writing allows you to better understand the grammar of the language. After all, doubling, transferring vowels - in these languages was historically justified by "Elm", and when written in Latin or Cyrillic - the logic turns out to be much more complicated.
The main thing is not to be afraid and to understand that the rejection of the Arabic language in the Russian cultural field may not have always been the case. One may discover that someone actually deliberately destroyed “Semitisms” (Arabisms) in Russian culture. You can see that many principles of Russian cursive writing/stenography amusingly repeat the laws of Arabic calligraphy (of course, in their mirror image).
Russian endings (for example, for adjectives) are written in Arabic not with 2-3 letters that do not carry information (-ogo, -ego, -ie, -aya), but are written in one short stroke. After all Slavic ancestors they were not masochists when they left endings in their language that sometimes turned out to be longer than the word itself. In a word, the experience of the Arabic language is only an opportunity to regain what your ancestors had.
By the way, all European languages may have such an “Arabic” experience. It is known that the most ancient documents of the Afrikaans language (which, excuse me, is the language of the Dutch settlers of the 17th and 18th centuries in Africa) were written in Arabic script. It is known that in the 20th century there were translations of writing into Cyrillic and Latin, after which in Russia and Turkey ALL documents written in ligature were destroyed.
That is, perhaps it is necessary not so much to “teach” as to try to “awaken” the subconscious.
Arabic script is not at all complicated, but it amazingly helps to “reveal” a person’s different ways thinking: analogue, creative, composite...
True, there was such a story. Once upon a time in a big Russian bank I had to teach the basics of economics to local managers. I discovered with horror that the top management did not understand the diagrams at all and could not read pictures. And it can only read sequential text.
That is, the evolution of the banking business in the country has taken place - very strange. According to the principle of “washing out” people with abstract thinking. That is, those who do not know how to think abstractly have come together. Their entire advantage is the ability to “be shit”... With Arabic training, it will be more difficult to become a banker. But we learn a language - for a different development...
So if you are going to work in banks (or with such a category of people), stop learning Arabic (and forget what I already said). Otherwise, then you will have to stupidly hide a third of your brain in order to fit in with the “environment” and especially with your superiors.
But there is nothing wrong with abstract, creative thinking. In the end, when a crowd of Caucasian youth stops you in a dark alley, there is no need to panic. Really use your brains. As a rule, this does not mean anything bad, except that young people have nothing to occupy their time, and you have a reason to drink together. And you need to know how to see this reason. And how to develop it correctly.
Here in the picture below are two Arabic words of three letters.
Of course, since we are learning Old Belarusian, it might be worth writing an Old Belarusian word of three letters, but whoever needs it will write it himself by the end of the lesson...
three letters are three troughs. The dots above the letter indicate that the first word is “BIT”, the second is BNT.”
as already mentioned, even without vowels, a literate Arab will guess
that these are the words Bayt - house (hamsa and two sukkun - in vowels),
and Bint - a girl (kesra and two sukkun).
With vowels - two words will look like this.
I draw in Adobe with a mouse, if you don’t like it, draw it yourself.
Pencil, paper, sharpener - go ahead.
Beautiful handwriting for many is sufficient aesthetic satisfaction,
to practice Arabic. But we are talking about the harmony of language in general here,
and not about the beauty of his handwriting. Although - you will be pleased to think that after one day of training you will be able to write Arabic words - more beautifully than your teacher.
Lastly.
There is no need to feel complex about your lack of knowledge of the Arabic language in front of today's speakers of Arabic culture.
Firstly, all the Arabs you are interested in (for one reason or another) speak Russian or English. And English will be objectively more comfortable for them to explain the terms of European culture. The Arabic language is an opportunity to touch Arab culture in general, and not to a specific person in particular.
Secondly, we must understand that the Arab culture of the Middle East is, after all, rather a young culture. Its renaissance in the Middle East began only at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. And when you get acquainted with the works of German and Russian Arabists (Krachkovsky’s four-volume work), you see and understand that at the end of the 19th century, the centers of study of the Arabic language and the Koran were Berlin, Kazan, St. Petersburg... And not Cairo and Damascus .
Jerusalem and Riyadh became centers of Arab culture only in the second half of the 20th century... and before that, an ordinary Arab in the desert in the morning washed himself with camel urine, jumped on a camel, and wandered to the neighboring oasis. And the harsh desert life then left no room or resources for higher manifestations of culture. This is neither good nor bad. Walk through museums in Arab countries to understand the meager and dreary life of nomads - even half a century ago.
To catch up.
Arabs consider "a" and "o" as one vowel,
they do not distinguish between these vowels.
they distinguish consonants as front ones.
They have different consonants with which the syllables “sa” and “so” begin.
That's why they have two consonants - where we have one.
And there are two different letters - “t”, “s”, “d”, “th”, “z”. One of them is “front” - after it you hear “a”,
and the other is the back one, after it you hear “o”.
The difference between them is colossal.
Kalb and Kalb are almost imperceptible to the Russian ear, but to the Arab they mean “heart” or “dog”. A gentle compliment - or an insult. They always call one famous Israeli politician “Kalb-va-ibn-al-kyalb” (The Dog and the Son of the Dog).
And if you mess it up... it won’t turn out very nicely...
The letter, which simply means the short sound "o" - they convey it through the special letter "ain", means a guttural "semi-wheezing" and which in writing looks similar to the "non-Russian" letter "Ъ", as in the word "B-Ъ- Bulgaria"
Cyril and Methodius were stealing ideas - clearly not from the Greeks (or not only from the Greeks).
But for some reason the Semitic roots in Russian Empire was forbidden to see.
That is, one could see the roots - from a certain “Greek” language 2 thousand years ago. But the “Arab” roots are relatively young - they didn’t notice.
Soviet Arabist Vashkevich. By the way, I found hundreds of parallels between the Russian and Arabic languages. You can find a lot about this on the Internet. Here are examples only starting with the letter "e".
BARELY, barely - the same as barely. ♦ From Arabic علة yillah "weakness".
EMELYA, Give up Emelya is not your week (proverb. Dahl) - Behind the name Emelya is the Arabic عمل amal “work”.
EREMEY, every Eremey understand to himself (proverb. Dahl) - on his own mind. ♦ Behind the name Eremey is the Arabic آمر "a:mara" to plot.
YERMIL, the hillbilly Yermil, is dear to the townswomen (proverb. Dahl). ♦ behind the name Ermil is the Arabic أرمل “armal “widow”.
Nonsense, talk nonsense - tell lies, talk nonsense. ♦ Behind the Russian nonsense lies the Arabic ده غير gerun da “not that,” i.e. wrong. For Russian, carry the Arabic نصت nassa(t) (feminine gender) “pronounce the text”, “read”. The grammatical term of Latin grammar comes from ar. جرد garrada "to form the original simplest grammatical form of a word."
To learn a language you need practice.
beautiful handwriting is in itself a reason to be proud.
After 10 conscious writings, a person automatically remembers everything.
Paper, pencil, sharpener - and as in childhood - through copybooks.
What frightens us in Arabic studies is the multiplicity of spellings for the same letter. initial, final, middle, separate. But these are just the principles of adding a letter.
As in the Georgian joke:
Vilka - bottle - written without a soft sign,
salt beans - with soft
This is impossible - we need to believe in it...
Here it is worth telling an anecdote that all Russians who have lived in Arab countries for a long time know about.
When “another Arab” decides to learn Russian, he spends several days learning the Russian alphabet, in the process of learning which he annoys everyone around him. Who can hardly tolerate his senseless tediousness. we know that the Russian language must be taught differently. And those who change the way they study achieve success in it. But - Arabic really needs to be learned, starting with letters - and going from the roots of words - to more complex meanings.
And to oral language- It is advisable to go through writing.
sometimes you think that those who developed methods for teaching children English and French went through the “torture of Semitic languages.” Because you can see the “ears” of other methods that are poorly suited for European languages.
Why did I start telling all this?
exactly - not only to teach the basics of the Arabic language.
And certainly not so that you sit down with the Holy Books this evening. Although - I repeat - if anything happens, it’s not my fault. This is your subconscious. Arabs sincerely believe that Arabic is the language of angels. So perhaps there is something “in the subconscious”.
More to tell in detail that the connections between the Russian, Slavic culture- and Semitic, Arabic languages - much stronger than we were taught from childhood. We were even forced to read the Bible translated from Greek and German. Although Arabic is the closest of the world languages to the biblical one. When they take the long route to get acquainted with the Truths, this means that they want to deceive someone, to fool someone. And perhaps there is a reason for not revealing everything to us.
Whether you want to devote your life to studying Muslim customs, conduct business in the United Arab Emirates, or want to visit Jerusalem for tourism purposes - in any case, knowledge of the Arabic language will be useful to you.
Arabic alphabet. Video lessons
Arabic for beginners and intermediate. Visitors will find grammar lessons, stress and conjugation rules on the channel. There is an online dictionary and video lessons with the Arabic alphabet, tips for learning the language. The founders of the page did not disdain entertaining methods of learning the language, so on the channel you can find videos with poems with subtitles and the like. A lot of educational information: among the videos you can even find translations of Russian names into Arabic.
On the pages of the YouTube channel, the student will find materials for conquering the Egyptian dialect of Arabic, and online tests. It’s convenient that the presenters’ comments are in Russian - a Russian-speaking user does not need to know another foreign language to learn Arabic. The channel will help you learn Arabic for business and teach you how to speak competently business communication.
Arabic at Shams School Irada Mersalskaya
A huge variety of videos for mastering the initial level of the Arabic language - much attention is paid to the alphabet on the channel. Vocabulary and grammar are taught, and carefully compiled video dictionaries will help you replenish lexicon. The learning process is made easier by dividing the videos into topics.
The listener will need knowledge in English, since the presenter’s explanations are in English.
Arabic at the Arabic Language School
The channel is aimed at those who are beginning to learn the Arabic language. Even those who have barely started learning will understand the materials, including the Arabic alphabet for children to master the Arabic language.
This is a simple yet high-quality video tutorial. Great emphasis is placed on mastering grammar, and if the student wishes, the channel will help in studying the Koran.
Arabic with "Brothers and Sisters"
Will be useful for beginners. Channel visitors will be able to watch video materials to learn the Arabic alphabet and reading rules. In addition to educational videos, the channel contains many videos for getting acquainted with the language and the Muslim way of life. There are videos and commentaries about Islam, interpretation of the Koran. Training in Russian.
Arabic by Daniyar Chormoshev
The author of the channel will help you master First level Arabic. The teaching area included grammar, pronunciation, the Arabic alphabet and its features. Page visitors will be able to find valuable advice– for example, on memorizing Arabic words and phrases. Comments on the lessons are in Russian.
In addition to educational materials, the channel contains many educational videos about Muslim life, customs and rules. Comments in these videos are most often in Arabic.
Arabic with Ummanews
A lovely teacher named Zariyat will help everyone who wants to master the initial level of Arabic over the course of twelve lessons, in high quality, in detail and in Russian. Explanations are written on a white board with a black felt-tip pen, and good quality the image leaves no doubt about this or that symbol. Together with Zariyat, students will be able to master Arabic grammar, pronunciation, alphabet and features of some letters.
Arabic with Arablegko portal channel
The channel published unique materials from a course on teaching Arabic using the methods of Elena Klevtsova. Comments to educational materials- in Russian, so knowledge of any intermediate language is not required. On the page you can find an online dictionary of the most frequently used Arabic words, grammar, and the teacher also pays attention to Special attention complex topic– the difference between similar sounds in Arabic words.
“Arabic no problem!”
The channel contains educational videos designed to introduce a novice user to the Arabic language and customs of the countries in which it is declared the official language. Channel visitors will get acquainted with frequently used expressions in Arabic and will be able to learn how to behave in typical situations and communicate properly with the local population.
Training and comments in Russian. The lessons are designed for beginners. The videos consist of clear and memorable presentations.
Arabic with Shammus Sunshine
On the channel, the visitor will find training videos for beginners who want to get acquainted with the language. Through videos in the form of easy-to-understand presentations, the student is introduced to basic Arabic words and expressions. The channel will help in learning the language for both beginners with level A knowledge and those who have reached level B. Lessons will teach you how to communicate about colors, vegetables, fruits, stationery, travel, antonyms, animals, the location of rooms and much more, as well as put it all into competent sentences . The videos consist of clear presentations that teach listening comprehension and introduce complex Arabic writing.
Arabic with Speakit (Prologmedia)
For those who are able to understand the language without Russian comments. Subtitles make it easier to understand. Temperamental presenters will help you master the most common standard phrases in Arabic.
The channel also contains many videos for practicing speaking in Chinese, German, English, Spanish, Italian, French, Portuguese and many other languages.
Arabic with Ahmed
On his page, a friendly Arab named Ahmed will introduce you better to the Arabic language. The videos will help beginners. The author of the channel will help everyone who wants to learn personal and demonstrative pronouns in Arabic, will teach you to use masculine and feminine, singular and plural.
Visitors can expect lessons on politeness in Arab countries, pronunciation training and instructions on how to construct sentences. On his channel, Ahmed will tell you how to learn a foreign language as quickly as possible and share some other useful tips.
Arabic with Irada of Mersal
For the visitor's attention - useful collections designed to help learn Arabic. The author of the channel will talk about Arabic verbs of the past and present tense, personal pronouns, introduce sounds and letters, and the most commonly used words. Guests of the channel will be able to find tips on learning Arabic on their own. Comments in Russian.
Arabic grammar
Concise but clear lessons of the Arabic language for those who are starting to study it and want to consolidate the basics or lay them down. The author of the video will tell you about grammar in detail: prepositions, adverbials, predicates, idafa, parts of speech and members, and will teach you how to parse sentences.
Training is in Russian, visual information is conveyed through clear presentations.
Arabic is currently the most widespread of the group of Semitic languages and belongs to its southern branch. The Arabic language reached the peak of its perfection with the revelation of the final Divine Scripture, the Holy Quran, before the beauty and greatness of which many word experts of that time bowed. The Almighty Lord announces:
“We have brought it down with the Qur'an in Arabic, in which there is not the slightest defect. Perhaps piety before God will awaken in the hearts of people” (see:).
Modern literary Arabic, the result of the gradual development of classical Arabic, is widespread in many countries of the world, the total population of which exceeds 100 million people.
Along with literary Arabic, which is a single and common state language In all Arab countries, there are also local Arabic dialects. In contrast to the literary language, which unites not only all Arabs, but also educated Muslims of the world, dialects and dialects have a narrow local, territorial meaning.
Phonetically, literary Arabic is characterized by extensive system consonant phonemes, especially glottal, emphatic and interdental. There are six vowel phonemes: three short and three long.
In grammatical terms, Arabic, like other Semitic languages, is characterized by a significant development of inflection and belongs to the group of inflectional languages. At the heart of each grammatical form lies a three-consonant (less often four-consonant) root. The formation of words occurs mainly due to the internal structural change of the word.
Arabic letter
The Arabic alphabet consists of 28 letters, displaying only consonant sounds in writing. There are no special letters for writing vowel sounds in Arabic writing. But due to the fact that the Arabic language distinguishes between short and long vowels, some letters used to write consonants are used to convey long vowels in writing. Short vowels are conveyed in writing using vowels.
Thus, the Arabic writing system is based on the written representation of only consonant sounds, and the vowels that make up the word are completed by the reader during the reading process, depending on the meaning of the word and its role in the sentence.
The letters of the Arabic alphabet are characterized by the fact that each of them has, depending on its position in the word, several styles: independent, initial, middle and final. The nature of the writing of a letter depends on whether it is connected on both sides to parts of a given word or only on the right.
Of the 28 letters of the alphabet, 22 are connected on both sides and have four forms of writing, and the remaining 6 are only on the right, having only two forms of writing.
Based on the nature of the writing of the basic elements, most letters of the Arabic alphabet can be combined into several groups. Letters of the same group have the same descriptive “skeleton” and differ from each other only in the presence and location of the so-called diacritic points. Letters either have no dots at all, or have one, two or three dots, which may appear above or below the letter. Letters are connected to each other using connecting bars.
The printed and written styles of the letters of the Arabic alphabet are not fundamentally different. There are no capital letters in the Arabic alphabet.
Vocalizations
The Arabic writing system provides for the transmission of only consonants and long vowels. Short vowels are not depicted in writing. However, to clarify the nature of short vowels in certain cases, for example, in Holy Quran, prophetic legends, textbooks, they are indicated using special subscript or superscript characters called vowels.
The vowel is placed above or below the letter indicating the consonant sound. There are three vowels in Arabic:
− “Fatha”
The vowel “fatha” is placed above the letter in the form of an oblique dash َ_ and conveys the short vowel sound [a]. For example: بَ [ba], شَ [sha].
− “Kyasra”
The vowel “kasra” is placed under the letter in the form of an oblique dash ـِ and conveys the short vowel [i]. For example: بِ [bi], شِ [shi].
− "Damma"
The vowel “damma” is placed above the comma-shaped letter ـُ and conveys the short vowel [у]. For example: بُ [bu], شُ [shu].
− "Sukun"
The absence of a vowel sound after a consonant is indicated by a symbol called a “sukun”. “Sukun” is written as ـْ and placed above the letter. For example: بَتْ [baht], بِتْ [bit], بُتْ [but].
Additional symbols in Arabic include the “shadda” sign, indicating the doubling of a consonant sound. "Shadda" is written as Russian capital letter"sh". For example: بَبَّ [bubba], بَتِّ [batti]
Transcription
Due to the fact that in the Arabic language there is a significant difference between the system of depicting words in writing and their sound composition, for practical purposes they resort to the so-called transcription. Transcription is the transmission of the sounds of a language using accepted conventional signs or letters of the same or another language, equipped, if necessary, with additional symbols.
In this textbook, the Russian language is used as transcription marks for Arabic sounds. To depict those sounds that do not exist in the Russian language, some Russian letters are equipped with additional icons: a dash and a dot under the letter. A dash indicates an interdental consonant, and a dot indicates a hard sound.
Gives you the opportunity to get acquainted and learn one of the ancient and most widespread languages of the world - Arabic.
Arabic is considered the official language in the following countries world: Algeria, Bahrain, Djibouti, Egypt, Western Sahara, Jordan, Iraq, Yemen, Qatar, Comoros, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, United United Arab Emirates, Oman, Palestinian Authority, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Somalia, Sudan, Tunisia, Chad, Eritrea. Arabic is spoken by about 290 million people (240 as a mother tongue and 50 as a second language).
The Arabic language played a big role in the history of world culture: in the Middle Ages, an extensive artistic and scientific literature. A huge number of Arabic words have entered the languages of many Asian and African peoples. Even in European languages, including Russian, there are words borrowed from Arabic (algebra, azimuth, zenith, alcohol, genie, store, treasury, coffee, safari, tariff, etc.).
Currently, the Arabic language exists in two significantly different forms: on the one hand, there is the Arabic literary language - a common language for all Arab countries in education, the press, radio, science, literature, oratory; on the other hand, there are Arabic colloquial languages or dialects used by the population in everyday communication. Spoken language of each Arab country differs from common Arabic literary language, and from spoken languages other Arab countries.
Like all language learners from scratch, we will talk about literary Arabic. As a basis online lessons The website contains a tutorial by V. S. Segal (). Its peculiarity is that it allows you to get acquainted with the language gradually, without immediately bombarding you with a stream of incomprehensible and complex Arabic letters. Errors were also corrected, letter animation was added, and answers were added that can be viewed by moving the mouse over the key: . Plus, audio has been added! You will not only learn to read and write Arabic, but also begin to understand the language by ear. Lessons free.
Go to -› list of lessons ‹- (Click)
If the opportunity to communicate with 290 million people is not your big motivation for learning Arabic, then it might be, for example, the desire to stand out from the crowd. Few people know Arabic. And if now you just seem very smart, then in the future you will be able to build a successful career. The Middle East has a very large economic potential, so knowledge of the language and culture is beneficial and promising.
IN modern conditions growing hostility between Arab world and the West, understanding the Islamic religion is key information to overcome the crisis. People who know Arabic can overcome cultural and linguistic barrier between countries, help solve or avoid international conflict, as well as help businesses run successfully international trade. In addition, knowledge of Arabic opens the door to other languages. For example, 50% of Farsi words are made up of Arabic words. The situation is similar with Urdu and Turkish. Hebrew is also linguistically related to Arabic, making it easier to understand grammatical and semantic concepts in the languages.
Arabs are hospitable. As soon as you speak a few words in Arabic in the presence of a native speaker, they will be delighted and will want to help you in any way possible way. But try to do the same thing, for example, in German in front of the Germans - it is unlikely that it will greatly surprise them. Arabs are proud of their language and will be happy to see someone making an effort to learn it.
Arabic is the 5th most widely spoken language in the world, and migration processes in recent years have only increased its spread. More recently, Arabic has become the second most common language in Sweden, but Finnish has always been so. And before Arabic takes over the whole world, you still have time to study it!
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Learning Arabic
