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Parachute series D 5. Textbook for airborne troops sergeant

Parachute D-5 series 2

Purpose:
The landing parachute system D-5 series 2 is designed to parachute personnel behind enemy lines. Having large area domes and a relatively small mass, they ensure the safety of the parachutist’s landing. Unlike the D-1-5U parachute, the D-5, D-6 parachute has a single stowing method and deployment method when jumping from all types of air transport at flight speeds of up to 400 km/h. Included parachute system the same reserve parachute system Z-5, Z-6P is used. For insurance purposes, advanced PPK-U parachute devices are installed on the backpack of these systems.
Tactical and technical data (TTD):
Operating Limitations:
weight of a paratrooper - no more than 120 kg;
aircraft speed during separation - no more than 400 km/h;
maximum jump height - 8000 m;
the minimum safe height for a jump with fall stabilization of 3 s at an aircraft flight speed of 160 km/h is 200 m;
descent speed on a stabilizing parachute - no more than 35 m/s;
descent speed on the main parachute - no more than 5 m/s;
the force required to open a double-cone lock using a manual opening link is no more than 16 kg-s;
weight of the parachute system without parachute device and parachute bag - 13.8 kg;
weight of the complete parachute system is 15.5 kg;
Shelf life without repacking - no more than 3 months;
number of uses - 140 times;
The warranty service life of the main parachute is 12 years; by decision of the technical inspection commission of parachute landing craft, the operating organization is allowed to increase the service life to 15 years.
Description of the complete set:
The parachute kit includes:
1) stabilizing parachute chamber;
2) stabilizing parachute;
3) stabilizing parachute link;
4) main parachute chamber;
5) main parachute;
6) suspension system;
7) parachute pack;
8) double-cone lock;
9) manual opening link;
10) parachute device PPK-U;
11) parachute bag;
12) passport;
13) auxiliary parts.
The stabilizing parachute chamber ensures that the stabilizing parachute is packed and deployed. The size of the chamber is 0.3 x 0.19 m. The base of the chamber is designed to accommodate a stabilizing parachute and part of the stabilizer. The stabilizing parachute chamber is made of nylon avisent and has a cylindrical shape. A carabiner, a fastening tape, a carabiner fastening tape, four metal rings and a tie are attached to the camera base. The carabiner is used to hook a camera with a stowed stabilizing parachute to a cable (when jumping from an airplane) or an extension cord (when jumping from a helicopter) in an airplane. Using a fastening tape, the stabilizing parachute chamber is secured to the main parachute backpack. The upper base of the chamber, after placing the dome in it, is tied with a string. At the bottom of the camera there are 4 rings sewn to secure it with the stabilizer rings.
The stabilizing parachute (pilot chute) provides a stabilized descent of the paratrooper, putting into operation the PPK-U parachute device and the main parachute. A stabilizing parachute consists of a canopy, lines, and a stabilizer. The dome, with an area of 1.5 m2, is made of nylon fabric, has the shape of a truncated cone and consists of a base and a sidewall. 8 pockets made of painted nylon fabric are sewn to the pole part of the dome base, which serves to quickly fill the dome with air. Nylon tapes are sewn onto the outer side of the base and sidewalls, reinforced by folding the fabric and tape, and additionally sewn on both sides. 16 slings are sewn to the edge of the reinforcing frame using a zigzag stitch. The slings are made of nylon cord. The free length of lines 1, 4, 5, 8, 9, 12, 13 and 16 from the canopy edge to the stabilizer loop is 0.52 m, and lines 2, 3, 6, 7, 10, 11, 14 and 15 are 0 .5 m. The different lengths of the lines are due to their distribution from the edge of the canopy to 4 stabilizer feathers. The stabilizer is made of nylon fabric and consists of four triangular “feathers” sewn in the center. Nylon tapes are sewn on the sides of each stabilizer feather. At the top of the tape they form a loop for attaching slings. At the bottom they are brought together into a thimble, with the help of which the stabilizer is attached to the link of the stabilizing parachute. One metal ring is sewn onto each feather to secure the stabilizer with the rings of the stabilizing parachute chamber.
The stabilizing parachute link is designed to connect the stabilizing parachute to the backpack during stabilization, as well as to connect the stabilizing parachute to the canopy of the main parachute at all subsequent stages of its operation. The link of the stabilizing parachute is 1.03 m long. It is made of nylon tape in 2 folds, which in the upper part end with a loop measuring 130 mm for connecting the stabilizer. At a distance of 410 mm from it, a loop of tape is sewn to connect the power cord of the PPK-U device. A guide ring for the power cord of the PPK-U device is attached to the link using a sewn-in nylon tape. The lower part of the stabilizing parachute link branches and forms 2 power bands, at the end of which metal buckles are sewn. These tapes have arrows on them to control their position when loading the double-cone lock. Jumpers made of nylon tape are sewn onto the tapes on both sides. A tape is sewn between the jumpers, which forms a loop for attaching the stabilizing parachute link to the bridles of the main parachute canopy and its chambers. The triangle formed from ribbons is covered on both sides with kerchiefs made of nylon avisent.
The main parachute chamber ensures the packing and deployment of the main parachute in a given sequence and thereby reduces the dynamic load at the moment the main parachute opens. The chamber size is 0.63 x 0.45 m, made of nylon fabric, and has the shape of a cylinder. Consists of a base, a scarf and an apron. The side of the chamber base with honeycombs for slings is reinforced with a second layer of nylon fabric. On the outside of the base, the chamber is reinforced with two nylon tapes, which, intersecting in the upper part of the base, form a bridle designed to connect the chamber with the canopy of the main parachute and the stabilizing link of the stabilizing parachute. A scarf made of nylon fabric is sewn to the base of its upper part, covering the canopy of the main parachute placed in the chamber. To tighten the upper part of the base after placement in the canopy chamber of the main parachute, a tie is passed through the fold of the upper part of the base. On the outer side of the sling, honeycombs (gazyrs) are sewn onto the base, which serve as: one middle honeycomb (gazyr) and two groups of side honeycombs (gazyrs) with loops - for laying slings; in honeycombs (gazyrs) made of rubber cord - to hold slings of tubular honeycombs (gazyrs); two pairs of removable rubber honeycombs (gazyres) - for securing the canopy of the main parachute placed in the chamber using an apron and bundles of lines. The lower part of the base ends with a sleeve, into the hem of which an elastic ring is inserted, facilitating the orderly exit of the main parachute canopy from the chamber. To cover the edge of the main parachute canopy, an apron is sewn to the bottom of the base with two pairs of metal windows and two sewn-on pockets covering bundles of lines that secure the bottom of the camera base.
Main parachute. The dome is 28-angled, with an area of 83 m2. A reinforcing frame is sewn on top of the dome. Made from panels of nylon fabric. The reinforcing frame along the edge of the dome forms 28 loops for attaching slings. In the center of the main parachute canopy, a bridle made of nylon tape is sewn to connect it with the main parachute chamber and the stabilizing link. 28 tightening tapes are sewn above the loops for attaching the lines to speed up the filling of the parachute canopy and reduce the likelihood of it getting tangled with the lines. Between the first and 28th lines there is a factory mark - the manufacturer's mark. It has the parachute number and the date of its manufacture. 28 lines made of nylon cord 9 m long are attached to the loops of the main parachute canopy. The other ends of the lines are attached to half rings, which are located at the free ends of the harness system. To make installation easier, an orange sleeve is sewn onto the 14th line.
The harness system is the connecting link between the parachutist and the parachute. Made from nylon tape with a tensile strength of 1600 kg. It consists of a main girth, which ends with two pairs of free ends: 2 front and 2 rear with metal buckles - half rings for attaching slings. The main girth is sewn from nylon tape in two folds. It also contains a manual deployment link, a pocket for the manual deployment link ring, a loop for the manual deployment link hose, a flexible hose, 2 clips for attaching a reserve parachute, a circular strap, two leg loops with two carabiners, a curved buckle for connecting the main loop to the back -shoulder girth, 2 pairs of metal buckles for attaching the backpack's adjusting straps. There are also 2 back-shoulder straps, 2 leg straps with two carabiners and two D-shaped buckles, a chest strap, a waist strap with rectangular buckles.
The parachute backpack is designed for fastening and placing in it (stacking) the main parts of the parachute (the canopy with lines and parts of the risers). It is made from nylon avisent. Consists of a double bottom, left and right valves. A stiffening frame is inserted into the bottom of the backpack. In the upper part of the backpack there are 2 windows for the passage of power tapes of the stabilizing parachute link. Two straps for buckles with jagged bridges are attached to the bottom of the backpack, with the help of which the backpack is connected to the dorso-shoulder straps; double cone lock with plate; a half ring for a rubber honeycomb, which secures the stabilizing parachute to the backpack; 2 buttons for fastening the valve of the double-cone lock; flexible hose for manual opening link; valve covering the double-cone lock; 8 nylon loops for attaching the backpack to the suspension system; 2 rubber bands for pulling the backpack to the main girth of the harness; 2 scarves with metal buckles for ribbons with a carabiner for fastening the reserve parachute; 2 straps for tightening the backpack [not in D-1-5U!]; pocket for the PPK-U belay device. The left and right valves have metal rings for the passage of power tapes of the stabilizing parachute link through them. In addition, the right valve has a ring for securing the stabilizing parachute link loop with a cord (adapter) attached to it for turning on the PPK-U parachute device; a rubber honeycomb for refueling the stabilizing parachute link when the slack has been developed and mounting the camera with the stabilizing parachute on the backpack; a pocket with a safety valve for the safety cord of the PPK-U parachute device; pocket with a ribbon tie for placing and fastening the PPK-U parachute device. The factory and rack numbers of the parachute are marked on the right flap.

A double-cone lock is a mechanical device for closing the buckles of the power straps of a stabilizing parachute and holding them during the entire period of the parachutist’s stabilized descent, as well as for releasing these buckles and dropping them from the cones when the manual deployment link is pulled out or the PPK-U parachute device is activated. The double cone lock consists of a mounting plate, a body with two large cones, a bolt with two small cover cones, a large cone cover, a small cone, 2 shock absorbers, 2 power strap buckles, a spring washer, a flat washer, an 18 mm long screw, a cover screw, screw with nut and 3 screws 20 mm long.
The pull ring is included in the manual opening link and consists of a ring, a cable and a loop.

The parachute (Fig. 1, 2) is intended for training jumps from transport aircraft.

Rice. 1. Deployment diagram of the D-5 series 2 parachute:

1 - stabilizing dome chamber; 2 - stabilizing dome; 3 - connecting link; 4 - chamber of the main dome; 5 - main dome; 6 - backpack

Rice. 2. General form stowed parachute D-5 series 2:

1 - carabiner; 2 - sealing tape

Tactical and technical data of the parachute

1. With a total weight of a parachutist with parachutes of no more than 120 kg, the D-5 series 2 parachute provides:

at least 80 applications at flight speeds up to 400 km/h according to the instrument and altitudes up to 8000 m with immediate deployment of the stabilizing parachute and subsequent descent on it for 3 s or more;
stability during decline;
the ability to stop the descent on the stabilizing dome at any time by opening the double-cone lock with a pull ring;
the minimum safe altitude for use from a horizontally flying aircraft at a flight speed of 160 km/h according to the instrument with stabilization of 3 s is 200 m, while the descent time on a fully filled main parachute canopy is at least 10 s;
the average vertical speed of descent, normalized to the standard atmosphere and the total mass of the parachutist with parachutes 120 kg, in the area 30-35 m from the ground - no more than 5 m/s;
rapid loss of height when sliding without the phenomena of folding the canopy;
the use of two belay devices (main and backup) with a hose length of 240 mm;
quick suppression of the canopy after landing when the right free end of the suspension system is disconnected using the OSK-D lock;
use of reserve parachutes type 3-2 or 3-5;
the force required to open a double-cone lock with a pull ring or device is no more than 16 kgf.

2. dimensions stowed parachute, mm:

length without a stabilizing dome in the chamber mounted on the backpack - 595+10;
width without parachute device - 335+10;
height - 220+10.

3. The weight of the parachute without a carrying bag and instruments is no more than 13.8 kg.

Tactical and technical data of parachute parts

1. The stabilizing dome chamber is cylindrical in shape, made of nylon avisent (art. 56039). The length of the camera is 300 mm, the width when folded is 190 mm. At the top of the camera there is a carabiner, which is attached to the camera with nylon tape LTKkrP-26-600 with a strength of 600 kgf. At the bottom of the chamber, four NP-25-8 rings are sewn diametrically opposite to secure the chamber with the stabilizer rings. A nylon cord-tie ShKP-150 with a strength of 150 kgf is inserted into the hem of the upper base of the chamber to tighten the upper base of the chamber. A nylon tape LTKkrP-26-600 with a strength of 600 kgf is passed into the eye of the carabiner and stitched with a zigzag stitch to secure the rubber honeycomb mounted on the backpack. Camera weight - 0.155 kg.

The chamber is designed to accommodate a stabilizing dome, slings and the upper part of the stabilizer.

2. The stabilizing dome is made of nylon fabric (art. 56004P or 56008P) and consists of a base and a sidewall. The dome has the shape of a truncated cone with a large base area of 1.5 m². To ensure the filling of the dome, an exhaust device is sewn into its pole part, consisting of eight pockets, the material for which is dyed calendered fabric (art. 56005krPK or 56005krP). On the outer side of the dome base, reinforcing tapes LTKP-15-185 with a strength of 185 kgf and circular tapes LTKP-13-70 with a strength of 70 kgf are stitched in the radial direction. The canopy has 16 slings made of ShKP-150 nylon cord with a strength of 150 kgf. The length of lines No. 1,4, 5, 8, 9, 12, 13 and 16 in a free state from the lower edge of the canopy to the stabilizer loops is 520 mm, and lines No. 2, 3, 6, 7, 10, 11, 14 and 15 - 500 mm.

On each side of the feather there is sewn a tape with a ring for securing with rings sewn on the stabilizing dome chamber.

The mass of the stabilizing dome is 0.57 kg.

3. A connecting link made of nylon tape LTKMkrP-27-1200 with a strength of 1200 kgf in two folds, designed to connect the stabilizing dome with the backpack at the stage of stabilized descent and with the main dome at all stages of operation.

At the top, the connecting link forms a 130 mm loop for attaching the stabilizer thimble. At a distance of 410 mm from the top loop, a loop is sewn from nylon tape LTKkrP-26-600 with a strength of 600 kgf to attach the halyard of the flexible pin of the device. The lower part of the connecting link branches, forming power strips, into the ends of which the buckles of a double-cone lock are sewn.

Jumpers made of nylon tape LTK-44-1600 with a strength of 1600 kgf are sewn onto the power tapes on both sides. A nylon tape with a strength of 1200 kgf is sewn between the jumpers, forming a loop for attaching to the bridles of the camera and the main dome. The triangle formed from the ribbons of the connecting link is covered on both sides with scarves made of gray nylon avisent (art. 56039).

Under one of the gussets of the connecting link, using nylon tape with a strength of 600 kgf, a guide ring for the halyard of the flexible pin of the device is sewn. There are arrows on the power bands near the buckles to control the correct installation and placement of the power bands on the double-cone lock. The length of the connecting link is 1030 mm.

The mass of the connecting link is 0.275 kg.

4. The chamber of the main dome made of gray nylon fabric (art. 56023krP), intended for laying the main dome and slings, has the shape of a cylinder with a height of 635 mm and a width (folded) of 450 mm. A continuation of the lower base is a special sleeve, into the hem of which an elastic ring is inserted to ensure the orderly exit of the main dome from the chamber.

The surface of the chamber is reinforced with two nylon tapes with a strength of 600 kgf, which form a bridle. For the convenience of laying the dome, a gusset made of gray nylon fabric is sewn onto the edge of the chamber.

In the hem of the upper base to tighten the camera

A nylon cord with a strength of 150 kgf is inserted. Two pairs of removable rubber honeycombs are attached to the bottom of the chamber. On the reverse side, at a distance of 185 mm from the lower base of the chamber, an apron is sewn, which has four windows formed by eyelets for the passage of removable rubber honeycombs.

On the camera there is sewn one middle gazyr, a group of right and a group of left gazyrs for laying lines, three honeycomb distributor tapes with honeycombs from a backpack cord for holding the lines in the gazyrs.

For the convenience of laying the slings, nylon tapes with a strength of 150 kgf are sewn onto the gazyrs.

Camera weight - 0.44 kg.

5. The dome (Fig. 3) made of nylon fabric (art. 56009P) has the shape of a twenty-octagon and is designed for the safe descent and landing of a parachutist. The area of the dome is 83 m².

To increase strength, the lower edge of the dome is stitched with nylon tapes with a strength of 200 kgf, and its central part is stitched with tapes with a strength of 70 kgf.

28 slings made of nylon cord with a strength of 150 kgf and a length of 9000 mm are attached to the dome.

Dome weight - 8.136 kg.

Rice. 3. The shape of the canopy of the D-5 series 2 parachute in plan.

The numbers in the circle are the numbers of the slings, the numbers inside the circle are the numbers of the squares: 1 - dome panels; 2, 4 - reinforcing frame; 3 - loops for slings.

6. Suspension system made of nylon tape LTK-44-1600 with a strength of 1600 kgf, designed for convenient placement of the parachutist and is the connecting link between the parachutist and the canopy.

The suspension system is equipped with an OSK-D lock and consists of the following main parts: the main strap with back-shoulder loops, one pair of detachable risers, and leg loops.

Detachable buckles are attached to the free ends of the suspension system. WITH reverse side The main strap (on the right - below the OSK-D lock, on the left - below the curved buckle) is sewn using nylon tape LTKkrP-43-800 with a strength of 800 kgf to the buckles for fastening the cargo container straps. At the bottom, the main strap is bifurcated, the strips are sewn end to end, and a cotton pad is sewn onto them for comfortable sitting in the harness system.

In the middle of the lower part of the main strap, on the outer side, a loop is sewn from nylon tape with a strength of 800 kgf for attaching a cargo container link.

On both sides of the loop at a distance of 150-165 mm, using nylon tape with a strength of 600 kgf, half-ring buckles are sewn to tighten the lower corners of the backpack to the main strap.

The shoulder girths, which formed the chest jumper, then pass through the windows of the main strap and, with the help of rectangular buckles sewn into the ends of the shoulder girths, form a waist girth.

The lower ends of the dorso-shoulder loops, passed between the ribbons of the main strap and bending around them in several places, form leg loops.

The weight of the suspension system is 2 kg.

7. A nylon satchel consists of a bottom, right and left valves. The bottom of the backpack is double, a rigid frame is inserted into it.

The backpack is designed to accommodate a canopy with slings placed in the chamber, parts of the free ends of the suspension system and a belay device. The backpack has a double-cone lock and a flexible hose covered with cotton tape LXX-40-130, varnish color, with a strength of 130 kgf.

Hose length - 380 mm.

The weight of the backpack is 2 kg.

8. The pull ring with a cable is designed to open the double-cone lock. It is made of steel rod and consists of a body, a limiter, a cable and a wire loop.

Ring weight - 0.1 kg. Cable length - 600 mm.

9. Insurance device (main) AD-ZU-240, PPK-U-240B or KAP-ZP-240B.

The length of the device hose is 240 mm, the length of the cable is 397 mm, the length of the loop is 19 mm, the length of the flexible pin halyard is 360 mm.

The weight of the belay device is 0.95 kg.

When installing only one device on a parachute for opening a double-cone lock, the device can be equipped with a loop 42 mm long. The earring is not used in this case.

10. Safety device (duplicate) AD-ZU-240, PPK-U-240B or KAP-ZP-240B.

Hose length - 240 mm, cable length - 397 mm, loop length - 19 mm, flexible pin halyard length - 360 mm.

The weight of the device is 0.95 kg.

11. The earring, designed to connect the main and backup devices, is made of steel. The thickness of the earring is 2.5 mm. The earring has two holes: one is intended for the lock cone, the other is for the hinges of the main and backup devices.

12. A rectangular carrying bag made from a cargo notice.

Bag dimensions - 260x740x600 mm. Bag weight - 0.725 kg.

13. The passport is intended to record information about the reception, transfer, operation and repair of the parachute.

When the parachute pack is deployed, two pins of the traction ring cable come out of the pack cones and release the pack valves, which are folded to the sides under the action of the pack rubber. An exhaust device, consisting of pockets located around the pole hole of the dome, entering the air flow, pulls out the dome, filling it in the central part, and pulls the lines from the honeycomb of the backpack. The system is extended, the canopy is completely inflated, and the parachutist descends on the open canopy of the reserve parachute at a speed that ensures a normal landing. After this, you should show the attachment 3-5 to the main parachute.

Topic No. 3

Parachute stowage.

Parachute stowage D – 5 series 2.

Laying is carried out by 2 people - laying (responsible for laying) and helping.

The parachute is stowed in stages:

I. stage:

a) checking the availability and serviceability of parachute parts

b) checking and preparing PPK-U.

Preparation for installation:

1 - stabilizing parachute chamber;

2 - stabilizing parachute;

3 - manual opening link;

4 - device PPK-U-240B;

5 - portable bag;

7 - accessories

II. stage:

a) laying the main dome

b) putting the camera on the dome.

III. stage:

a) securing the camera with slings

b) laying the dome in the chamber

c) laying the slings in the chamber gazyr

d) preparing the stabilizing dome for installation

IV. stage:

a) folding the stabilizer feathers and putting the camera on the stabilizing dome

b) locking the rings of the stabilizer feathers with the rings of the camera

c) laying the stabilizing dome and slings in the chamber

d) laying the camera with the main dome and slings laid on the bottom of the backpack

V. stage:

a) tightening the backpack valves

b) attaching a camera with a stabilizing dome to the parachute pack

c) preparation and installation of PPK-U

d) charging a double-cone lock

VI. stage:

a) preparation of the suspension system

c) filling out passports

d) checking the parachute

d) placing the parachute in a carrying bag and sealing it

Tools for laying: camping cloth, hook - fork

When putting on a parachute before a jump, the carrying bag is placed under the chest bridge.

After landing you need to: unfasten the reserve parachute, pull the canopy “into the flag”, roll the lines into an “endless” loop, roll up the canopy: remove the harness with the backpack (the main canopy) and put it in the bag with the device facing up. The backpack should divide the bag into two parts: the suspension system is placed in one half, and the canopy with slings is placed in the other.

Reserve parachute Z-5

Purpose:

Designed to rescue a parachutist in the event of a partial or complete failure of the main parachute in the air.

Maximum speed when opened – 350 km/h

The maximum safe deployment height is 100 meters.

Rate of descent on an open canopy with the weight of a parachutist

120 kg – less than 8 m/sec.

The force required to pull out the ring is no more than 16 kgf.

Parachute weight – 5.2 kg

Service life – 20 years

Consists of:

2. Intermediate suspension system.

4. Pull ring with two studs.

5. Carrying bag.

6. Passport.

KOPOL:

Reserve parachute canopy 3-5 (the numbers in the circles indicate the serial numbers of the lines): 1 - vent, 2 - control line; 3- pockets, 4 - reinforcing frame, 5 - manufacturer's brand

designed for the safe descent and landing of a parachutist in the event of failure or abnormal operation of the main parachute, made of nylon fabric, with panels 1 and 5 made of nylon fabric with greater air permeability. Dome area - 50 m2. In the center of the dome there is a pole hole with a diameter of 70 cm. The pole hole and the lower edge are reinforced with nylon tape with a strength of 185 kg in two folds. On the outside, the pole hole is covered with eight pockets made of nylon fabric, which are designed to ensure partial filling of the canopy before the lower edge comes into operation, vigorous pulling of the canopy with slings from the backpack and central filling of the dome. For ease of installation, there is a bridle made of nylon cord in the center of the dome. On the outside of the dome, a reinforcing frame made of nylon tape with a strength of 70 kg is sewn onto the dome. At the lower edge of the canopy it forms 24 loops to which the slings are tied. The dome has 24 slings made of nylon cord with a strength of 150 kg to ensure installation, 12 red slings. The serial numbers of the lines are indicated on the lower edge of the canopy. The length of the lines is 6.3 m. The factory mark is placed on the canopy between lines 24 and 1.

INTERMEDIATE SUSPENSION SYSTEM:

Intermediate suspension system: 1 - risers made of LTK-44-1600; 2 - half-ring buckles; 3 - lintel from LTKMkrP-27-1200; 4 - bushing; 5 - belt loop

designed to connect the reserve parachute canopy to the main canopy suspension system. It is made of nylon tape with a strength of 1600 kg and consists of two straps connected to each other by a jumper with a strength of 1200 kg. Each strap of the intermediate suspension system has two half-ring buckles, to which the canopy slings are attached. For the convenience of connecting the intermediate harness to the brackets of the main parachute harness, bushings are inserted into the straps. The right strap has a red belt loop with the parachute index designation 3-5. For easy installation of the canopy, the outside of the straps are marked “left” and “right”.

SACK:

Satchel: 1 - bottom; 2-top valve; 3 - knife pocket: 4 - cone; 5 - handle for carrying a parachute: 6 - right side flap; 7 - oxygen device fastening tape; 8 - eyelet buckle; 9 - pocket; 10 - grommet; 11 - safety valve; 12 - bottom valve; 13 - pocket; 14 - protrusion (bracket); 15 - manual opening link hose; 16 - extraction ring pocket; 17 - left side valve; 18 - backpack rubber; 19 - rubber honeycomb; 20 - corner lapel

designed for placing a canopy with slings and part of the free ends of the suspension system into it, it is envelope-shaped, made of nylon aircraft, and has four valves. The bottom of the pack is double and has a stiffening frame with two protrusions for attaching the pack to the main parachute suspension system.

Sewn to the top flap are: a pocket for a knife, two cones, a valve that prevents the canopy fabric from getting under the cones when tightening the backpack, and a handle for carrying the parachute. The side flaps have: two eyelet buckles, two ribbons for threading the oxygen device buckles. In addition, sewn onto the outside of the left valve are: a pull-ring pocket and a flexible hose for the pull-ring cable. The right and bottom valves have stiffening plates. Quick opening of the backpack valves is carried out by six backpack rubbers. At the bottom of the backpack, with inside, six pairs of non-removable rubber honeycombs are sewn.

The parachute is designed for training jumps from transport aircraft.

Tactical and technical data of the parachute

1. With a total weight of a parachutist with parachutes of no more than 120 kg, the D-5 series 2 parachute provides:

at least 80 applications at flight speeds up to 400 km/h according to the instrument and altitudes up to 8000 m with immediate deployment of the stabilizing parachute and subsequent descent on it for 3 s or more;
stability during decline;
the ability to stop the descent on the stabilizing dome at any time by opening the double-cone lock with a pull ring;
the minimum safe altitude for use from a horizontally flying aircraft at a flight speed of 160 km/h according to the instrument with stabilization of 3 s ─ 200 m, while the descent time on a fully filled main parachute canopy ─ not less than 10 s;
average vertical speed of descent, normalized to the standard atmosphere and the total mass of the parachutist with parachutes 120 kg, in the area 30-35 m from the ground ─ no more than 5 m/s;
rapid loss of height when sliding without the phenomena of folding the canopy;
the use of two belay devices (main and backup) with a hose length of 240 mm;
quick suppression of the canopy after landing when the right free end of the suspension system is disconnected using the OSK-D lock;
use of reserve parachutes type 3-2 or 3-5;
the force required to open a double-cone lock using a pull ring or device is no more than 16 kgf.

2. Overall dimensions of the stowed parachute, mm: length without a stabilizing dome in the chamber mounted on the backpack, ─ 595+10; width without parachute device ─ 335+10; height ─ 220+10.

3. The weight of the parachute without a carrying bag and instruments is no more than 13.8 kg.

Rice. 13. General view of the stowed parachute D-5 series 2: 1 ─ carbine; 2 ─ sealing tape

Tactical and technical data of parachute parts

1. The stabilizing dome chamber is cylindrical in shape, made of nylon avisent (art. 56039). Camera length 300 mm, width when folded ─ 190 mm. At the top of the camera there is a carabiner, which is attached to the camera with nylon tape LTKkrP-26-600 with a strength of 600 kgf. At the bottom of the chamber, four NP-25-8 rings are sewn diametrically opposite to secure the chamber with the stabilizer rings. A nylon cord-tie ShKP-150 with a strength of 150 kgf is inserted into the hem of the upper base of the chamber to tighten the upper base of the chamber. A nylon tape LTKkrP-26-600 with a strength of 600 kgf is passed into the eye of the carabiner and stitched with a zigzag stitch to secure the rubber honeycomb mounted on the backpack. Camera weight ─ 0.155 kg.

The chamber is designed to accommodate a stabilizing dome, slings and the upper part of the stabilizer.

2. The stabilizing dome is made of nylon fabric (art. 56004P or 56008P) and consists of a base and a sidewall. The dome has the shape of a truncated cone with a large base area of 1.5 m². To ensure the filling of the dome, an exhaust device is sewn into its pole part, consisting of eight pockets, the material for which is dyed calendered fabric (art. 56005krPK or 56005krP). On the outer side of the dome base, reinforcing tapes LTKP-15-185 with a strength of 185 kgf and circular tapes LTKP-13-70 with a strength of 70 kgf are stitched in the radial direction. The canopy has 16 slings made of ShKP-150 nylon cord with a strength of 150 kgf. The length of lines No. 1,4, 5, 8, 9, 12, 13 and 16 in a free state from the lower edge of the canopy to the stabilizer loops is ─ 520 mm, and lines No. 2, 3, 6, 7, 10, 11, 14 and 15 ─ 500 mm.

On each side of the feather there is sewn a tape with a ring for securing with rings sewn on the stabilizing dome chamber.

Mass of the stabilizing dome ─ 0.57 kg.

Weight of the connecting link ─ 0.275 kg.

In the hem of the upper base to tighten the camera

For the convenience of laying the slings, nylon tapes with a strength of 150 kgf are sewn onto the gazyrs.

Camera weight ─ 0.44 kg.

5. The dome (Fig. 14) made of nylon fabric (art. 56009P) has the shape of a twenty-octagon and is designed for the safe descent and landing of a parachutist. The area of the dome is 83 m².

To increase strength, the lower edge of the dome is stitched with nylon tapes with a strength of 200 kgf, and its central part is stitched with tapes with a strength of 70 kgf.

28 slings made of nylon cord with a strength of 150 kgf and a length of 9000 mm are attached to the dome.

Dome weight ─ 8.136 kg.

Rice. 13. The shape of the canopy of the D-5 series 2 parachute in plan. Numbers in a circle ─ line numbers, numbers inside a circle ─ square numbers: 1─ dome panels; 2, 4 ─ reinforcing frame; 3 ─ loops for slings.

The suspension system is equipped with an OSK-D lock and consists of the following main parts: the main strap with back-shoulder loops, one pair of detachable risers, and leg loops.

Detachable buckles are attached to the free ends of the suspension system. On the reverse side of the main strap (on the right ─ below the OSK-D lock, on the left ─ below the curved buckle) buckles are sewn using nylon tape LTKkrP-43-800 with a strength of 800 kgf for fastening the cargo container straps. At the bottom, the main strap is bifurcated, the strips are sewn end to end, and a cotton pad is sewn onto them for comfortable sitting in the harness system.

In the middle of the lower part of the main strap, on the outer side, a loop is sewn from nylon tape with a strength of 800 kgf for attaching a cargo container link.

On both sides of the loop at a distance of 150 ─ 165 mm, using nylon tape with a strength of 600 kgf, half-ring buckles are sewn to tighten the lower corners of the backpack to the main strap.

The lower ends of the dorso-shoulder loops, passed between the ribbons of the main strap and bending around them in several places, form leg loops.

The weight of the suspension system is 2 kg.

7. A nylon satchel consists of a bottom, right and left valves. The bottom of the backpack is double, a rigid frame is inserted into it.

Hose length ─ 380 mm.

Weight of the backpack ─ 2 kg.

8. The pull ring with a cable is designed to open the double-cone lock. It is made of steel rod and consists of a body, a limiter, a cable and a wire loop.

Ring weight ─ 0.1 kg. Cable length─ 600 mm.

9. Safety device (main) AD-ZU-240, PPK-U-240B or KAP-ZP-240B.

Device hose length 240 mm, cable length 397 mm, loop length 19 mm, flexible pin halyard length

Weight of the belay device ─ 0.95 kg.

When installing only one device on a parachute for opening a double-cone lock, the device can be equipped with a loop 42 mm long. The earring is not used in this case.

10. Safety device (duplicate) AD-ZU-240, PPK-U-240B or KAP-ZP-240B.

Hose length ─240 mm, cable length ─ 397 mm, loop length ─19 mm, flexible pin halyard length ─ 360 mm.

Device weight ─ 0.95 kg.

11. The earring, designed to connect the main and backup devices, is made of steel. Earring thickness ─ 2.5 mm. The earring has two holes: one is intended for the lock cone, the other for the hinges of the main and backup devices.

12. A rectangular carrying bag made from a cargo notice.

Bag dimensions ─ 260X740X600 mm. Bag weight ─ 0.725 kg.

13. The passport is intended to record information about the reception, transfer, operation and repair of the parachute.

Laying is carried out by 2 people - laying (responsible for laying) and helping.

The parachute is stowed in stages:

a) checking the availability and serviceability of parachute parts

b) checking and preparing the PPK - U.

a) laying the main dome

b) putting the camera on the dome.

a) securing the camera with slings

b) laying the dome in the chamber

c) laying the slings in the chamber gazyr

d) preparing the stabilizing dome for installation

a) folding the stabilizer feathers and putting the camera on the stabilizing dome

b) locking the rings of the stabilizer feathers with the rings of the camera

c) laying the stabilizing dome and slings in the chamber

d) laying the camera with the main dome and slings laid on the bottom of the backpack

a) tightening the backpack valves

b) attaching a camera with a stabilizing dome to the parachute pack

c) preparation and installation of PPK-U

d) charging a double-cone lock

a) preparation of the suspension system

c) filling out passports

d) checking the parachute

d) placing the parachute in a carrying bag and sealing it

Tools for laying: camping cloth, hook - fork

When putting on a parachute before a jump, the carrying bag is placed under the chest bridge.

Topic No. 4.

Parachute safety device.

PPK-U

PPK-U– a semi-automatic parachute combined unified device designed for opening a parachute pack or inserting other devices; opening the parachute after a certain period of time or at a certain altitude. The device is used as a safety device on rescue, landing, reserve, training and sport parachutes, when the parachutist himself, for some reason, cannot open the parachute using the pull ring.

1. Device response range:

By time – from 2 to 5 seconds;

In height - from 0.3 to 8 kilometers;

2. The device operates in the temperature range from +60 0 to -60 0 at altitudes up to 35 km.

3. The force of the power springs in the cocked state is at least 28 kg.

4. The stroke of the exhaust ring is 70 mm.

5. The device is resistant to glue and dew.

6. The device is protected from debris getting into it.

7. The device is operational after remaining in the cocked state continuously for 12 months.

8. The full technical life is 1000 operations.

Main parts of the device:

2. Aneroid device

3. Clock mechanism

4. Exhaust device

5. Locking system

In addition, the PPK-U kit includes:

1. Flexible pin

2. Tool set

3. Passport

Topic No. 5

Theoretical basis parachute jump.

Air has certain properties: mass, pressure and density. Moving in the air mass, the body experiences air resistance. The main reason What creates resistance are the vortices that form around the body during its movement. For well-streamlined bodies, vortices appear only behind the body. In poorly bluffed bodies, they form over the entire surface. Bodies that cause strong vortex formation always experience high air resistance. As the size of the body increases, its resistance increases. Air resistance in the direction opposite to the movement of the body is called drag.

O - drag force.

Cx - resistance coefficient.

@ - air density

S is the largest cross-sectional area.

V - movement speed

The drag coefficient is determined experimentally, most often in wind tunnels. In airless space, the speed of a body's fall increases in proportion to time.

The deployment of the parachute can be divided into three periods;

Opening of the pilot chute (stabilizing) and its filling.

Pulling the cover out of the lines and pulling the cover off the canopy.

Filling the dome.

The 1st period depends little on the speed of fall and air density. This period takes 0.2 seconds.

The 2nd period depends on the speed of movement and air density and takes on average 0.3 - 0.5 seconds.

The 3rd period is the longest. The duration of the third period varies from 0.5 to 1.5 seconds.

Thus, the opening of the parachute takes 2-3 seconds and a distance of 60 -90 meters, the inertial load when opening the parachute occurs as a result of a rapid loss of speed and is perceived as a blow.

The larger the canopy, the less load there will be when the parachute opens. After deployment, the parachute falls under the power of air currents. If there is no wind, it falls vertically, but usually there is some movement air mass, and the parachute carries the parachutist where the wind blows.

Landing - the most difficult stage of the jump, requiring perfect knowledge of the rules, composure, prudence and the ability to control the parachute and your body. Factors influencing the magnitude of the parachutist's impact on the ground are: rate of descent, method of landing, wind speed, ground condition, and stability of movement. Impact characterizes the parachutist's loss of speed.

Thus, the body weight upon impact increases 17 times. And with a parachutist weighing 30 kg, it will exceed 1500 kg. But even when bending your knees and torso when landing, you must do it correctly, otherwise the effect will be insufficient. It is necessary to ensure that the tension in the legs and torso corresponds to the landing speed; in addition, in the art of soft landing, uniform tension of the mouse throughout the entire strike is very important.

Topic No. 6

Rules of movement on the airfield.

An airfield is a plot of land specially equipped to provide take-off, landing, parking, and maintenance of aircraft. The airfield, in order to determine the working part, must have restrictive signs indicating the runway (runway) and taxiway (taxiway). Near the landing site of the aircraft, to the left of the runway, a landing plane is laid out. In summer it is white, in winter it is black. In front and behind the “T”, limiters are laid out from the same panels. A “cross” is also laid out from the panels - the exact landing spot for paratroopers. Taxiways, aircraft parking areas and technical means at the start, the location of people is indicated by flags and signs. From among the experienced athletes, a starting outfit is assigned: a start duty officer and a landing area duty officer. Everyone at the start must be located in a specially designated “square” (start) for people. You can leave it only with the permission of the instructor. It is dangerous to be outside the square, especially sitting or lying in tall grass; the driver of a car serving flights may not notice a person in the grass and run over him.

Smoking on the airfield is permitted only in a specially designated area. Smoking and using open fire is strictly prohibited in the vicinity of aircraft, parachutes and technical equipment. Before walking along the airfield, you need to look around. To avoid getting hit by a plane or a descending parachutist. If there is an airplane on the way, then you need to go around it from behind, and helicopters in front, at a distance of no closer than 10 m. Groups of people should move around the airfield only in formation. You can cross the runway only with the permission of the RP (pallet manager), making sure that the plane is not taking off or landing. If you need to cross or move to the other side of the airfield, you must move outside the runway, or better yet, along the edge of the airfield. In this case, you should be careful in the air approach zone, near the beginning and end of the runway. A parachutist landing on a runway or taxiway must collect the parachute in his hands and quickly release it.

Topic No. 7

Familiarization with the aircraft.

The An-2 aircraft was created as an “air truck”, the engine power is 1000 hp. Maximum take-off weight 5500 kg. Biplane, with front landing gear. The main parts of the aircraft are the fuselage (semi-monocoque): wings, engine, landing gear, tail unit, equipment. Thanks to the power plant (engine with propeller), it can acquire certain translational movements. In this case, the air flow flows around the wings and, thanks to the profile, a lifting force is created on them that can tear the plane off the ground. The tail and ailerons are used to control the aircraft in three planes during flight. The fuselage is used to accommodate the payload, in in this case, parachutists. On board the An-2 aircraft, depending on the load, it is allowed to take up to 10 parachutists with a release. Parachutists board the plane in the reverse order of the jump, i.e. The skydiver enters first and jumps last. First of all, they occupy the seats on the right side of the cargo compartment. After the entire group boards the plane, the releasing instructor removes the step, closes the door, hooks the carabiners to the adapters and reports to the pilot. After gaining a height of 700 m, releasing the unlocked instruments on reserve parachutes. Jumps from an An-2 aircraft are performed both individually and in a series of two to 10 people. At the command “get ready,” the paratroopers sitting on the left side and assigned to release for the jump in a given approach turn their faces toward the door and take a ready position. The door is opened by the person releasing. Signals for a jump are given by the pilot: “get ready” - two short siren signals; “went” - a long siren beep; “set aside” - frequent siren beeps. The issuer duplicates the signals with his voice. At the command “go,” the paratroopers, one after another at intervals of 1-3 seconds, are separated from the aircraft by a “soldier.” To properly separate from the aircraft, the skydiver must left leg Place the middle of your foot in the lower left corner of the door opening. At this moment, the right leg is half a step behind and, half-bent, separates from the plane, maintaining the position of the body. It is necessary to show the cadets the correct separation from the aircraft as a “soldier”, and then practically practice this technique with each cadet

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