List of professions top 50. “On approval of the directory of new and promising professions in demand on the labor market, including those requiring secondary vocational education”
The Russian Ministry of Labor has approved a list of the 50 most in-demand professions that require secondary vocational education
The lists of professions were compiled by the Russian Ministry of Labor together with the Russian Ministry of Education and Science, the Agency for Strategic Initiatives, and councils for professional qualifications National Council under the President of the Russian Federation on professional qualifications, government bodies, employers' associations, trade union associations, educational and other interested organizations.
In total, 1620 professions were considered. As part of the study, more than 13.3 thousand organizations were surveyed. It is planned that this list will be kept up to date taking into account changes in the labor market.
It is planned that at the end of 2016 the list will be posted on a special Internet resource, which will accumulate information about in-demand professions and their content, employment opportunities, education and assessment of qualifications in these professions.
When forming the top 50 professions, we primarily focused on high-tech industries, as well as the service sector. At the same time, we took into account the competency requirements for participants in competitions within the WorldSkills championships,” noted Lyubov Eltsova, Deputy Minister of Labor and social protection RF.
It is planned that for professions from the list of the top 50 that require secondary vocational training, new forms and standards of worker training will be introduced in the regions.
The Ministry of Education and Science will determine the points in which regions in which professions will be trained based on this list. The task is to create a very modern training system,” said the deputy minister.
All professions from the top 50 list can be divided into several separate industries.
The largest group of in-demand professions remains working specialties in the field of industrial production in a variety of industries.
Almost half of the specialties listed in the top 50 fall into this category. These jobs span the entire industrial production cycle, from operators and assemblers to quality control technicians.
These are the following specialties: industrial equipment repairman, machine operator with program controlled, optical mechanic, assembler electronic systems, welder, specialist in the field of instrumentation and automation, specialist in technical control of product quality, specialist in mechanical engineering technology, specialist in refrigeration and ventilation technology, technician in automated process control systems, design technician, printing technician, turner generalist, general-purpose milling operator, electrician and others.
In addition, these are IT industry specialists: database administrator, programmer, Web and multimedia application developer, network and system administrator, software specialist information resources, specialist in information systems, telecommunications service specialist, testing specialist in the field information technologies, information security technician.
Professions related to renovation and design: master decorative works, master carpenter, tiler, plumber, mechanic.
Special mention should be made of specialties related to automotive equipment and car repairs(auto mechanic, specialist in the maintenance and repair of automobile engines) and aircraft (specialist in the production and maintenance of aircraft, aircraft engine technician).
In addition, professions in the service sector will be in demand: cosmetologist, hairdresser, pastry chef, specialists in the field of hotel business and tourism.
In addition to traditional professions, the top 50 included such rare specialties as unmanned aerial vehicle operator, mobile roboticist, additive technology specialist, mechatronics and composite materials technician.
Order of the Ministry of Labor of Russia No. 832 of November 2, 2015
“On approval of the directory of new and promising professions in demand on the labor market, including those requiring secondary vocational education”
In accordance with subparagraph “a” of paragraph 2 of the list of instructions of the President Russian Federation following a meeting with members of the Government of the Russian Federation on February 4, 2015, approved on February 20, 2015 No. Pr-285, and paragraph 1 of the Set of measures aimed at improving the system of secondary vocational education for 2015-2020, approved by order of the Government of the Russian Federation dated March 3, 2015 No. 349-r, order:
Approve a directory of new and promising professions in demand on the labor market, including those requiring secondary vocational education (hereinafter referred to as the Directory), according to the appendix.
Recommend that government bodies, employers and other interested organizations use the Handbook when forming and implementing personnel policies and organizing employee training.
Minister
M.A. Topilin
Order of the Ministry of Labor of Russia No. 831 of November 2, 2015
On approval of the list of the 50 most in demand on the labor market, new and promising professions requiring secondary vocational education
In accordance with paragraph 1 of the set of measures aimed at improving the system of secondary vocational education for 2015 - 2020, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated March 3, 2015 No. 349-r, order:
1. Approve the list of the 50 most in demand on the labor market, new and promising professions that require secondary vocational education (hereinafter referred to as the List), according to the appendix.
2. Establish that the List is used to develop and update professional standards, federal state educational standards and educational programs.
Minister
M.A. Topilin
Application
to the order of the Ministry
labor and social protection
Russian Federation
from 02.11. 2015 №__831__
LIST
50 most in demand on the labor market, new and promising professions that require secondary vocational education
1. Auto mechanic
2. Database administrator
3. Graphic designer
4. Cosmetologist
5. Laboratory assistant for chemical analysis
6. Master of decorative works
7. Master of joinery and carpentry
8. Metrologist
9. Mechatronic
10. Mobile roboticist
11. Industrial equipment repairman
12. Drone operator aircraft
13. Computer controlled machine operator
14. Optician-mechanic
15. Hairdresser
16. Tiler-facer
17. Pastry chef
18. Programmer
19. Web and multimedia application developer
20. Plumber
21. Electronic systems assembler (specialist in electronic instruments and devices)
22. Welder
23. Network and system administrator
24. Locksmith
25. Specialist in the field of instrumentation and automation (by industry)
26. Additive technology specialist
27. Hospitality Specialist
28. Information resources specialist
29. Information systems specialist
30. Non-destructive testing specialist (flaw detector)
31. Specialist in the maintenance and repair of automobile engines
32. Telecommunications service specialist
33. Specialist in aircraft production and maintenance
34. Testing specialist in the field of information technology
35. Specialist in technical quality control of products
36. Specialist in mechanical engineering technology
37. Specialist in refrigeration and ventilation technology
38. Aircraft engine technician
39. Technician for automated process control systems
40. Technician for biotechnical and medical devices and systems
41. Information Security Technician
42. Composite Materials Technician
43. Robotic Manufacturing Maintenance Technician
44. Design technician
45. Mechanical technician in agriculture
46. Printing technician
47. Technical Writer
48. Universal turner
49. All-round milling operator
50. Electrician
Transcript
1 List of Federal State Educational Standards Vocational Education for TOP 50 Code Name of profession/specialty Master of finishing construction and decorative works Master of carpentry, parquet and glass works Master of repair and maintenance of engineering systems of housing and communal services Network and system administration Names of professional standards approved by orders of the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Russian Federation Plasterer Construction painter Installer of frame-cladding structures Names of professions/specialties according to the order of the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Russian Federation dated November 2, 2015 831 Master of decorative works Parquet worker Master of joinery and carpentry House Plumbing Systems Fitter and Plumbing Systems Installer and House Electrical Systems Electrician and Programmer Test Specialist in the field Database Administrator Information Resources Specialist Information Systems Specialist Technical Writer (specialist in technical documentation in the field) Information and Communication System Administrator Systems Plumber Electrical Installer Database Administrator Programmer Information Resources Specialist Information Systems Specialist Test Specialist Technical Writer Network and System Administration
2 Information systems and programming Ensuring information security of telecommunication systems Ensuring information security of automated systems Infocommunication networks and communication systems Installation, technical of electronic instruments and devices Master in the manufacture and assembly of parts and assemblies of optical and optoelectronic devices and systems Production and operation of optical and optical-electronic devices electronic devices and systems Installation, technical biotechnical and medical devices and systems Programmer Testing specialist in the field Database administrator Information resources specialist Information systems specialist Technical writer (specialist in technical documentation in the field) System administrator of information and communication systems Specialist in radio communications and telecommunications Regulator of radio-electronic equipment and devices Specialist technical support technological processes for the production of quantum electronics and photonics devices Information resources specialist Information systems specialist Testing specialist in the field Technical writer Information security technician Information security technician Telecommunications service specialist Optical mechanic Biotechnical and medical devices and systems technician
3 Master of instrumentation and automation Operator of machine tools with software Operator-adjuster of instrumentation and automation Operator-adjuster of grinding machines with numerical software Specialist in the field of instrumentation and automation (software Operator of machines with software Turner on machines with numerical software Milling machine on machines with numerical software Turner Turner-borer Turner-carousel Miller Gear cutter Shaving operator Mechanical worker Tool maker Fitter-assembler Fitter-assembler of precision mechanics products (gyros, accelerometers) in the rocket and space industry General-purpose turner General-purpose milling machine Mechanic Flaw detector Welder Non-destructive testing specialist ( flaw detector) Additive technologies Specialist in additive technologies Mechatronics and mobile robotics (for Installation, technical industrial (for Mechatronics specialist in the automotive industry Mobile robotics operator Specialist in the design of children's and educational robotics Industrial repairman Adjustment specialist in the automotive industry Installer of elevators, lifting platforms Mechatronics Mobile roboticist Robotic production maintenance technician Industrial repairman
4 Equipment for automation of technological processes and production (according to Technology of metalworking production Technology of analytical control of chemical compounds Technology of manufacturing and processing of products from polymer composites Laboratory assistant for quality control of raw materials, reagents, intermediate products, finished products, production waste (according to Master of automobile repair and maintenance Maintenance and repair of engines, systems and for the disabled, floor escalators Specialist in automated production control systems Specialist in automation and mechanization of technological processes of mechanical assembly production Specialist in the design of equipment and special tools Specialist in materials processing technologies Specialist in metalworking production in the automotive industry Specialist in the design and construction of aircraft Designer in the automotive industry Specialist in the design and construction of life support systems, thermal control, units of pneumohydraulic systems of manned spacecraft, stations and complexes Specialist in chemical analysis of water in water supply, wastewater, and heat supply systems Microbiologist Chemist-technologist in the automotive industry Technical diagnostics and control specialist technical condition vehicles during periodic technical inspection Automated process control systems technician Design technician Composite materials technician Chemical analysis laboratory technician Auto mechanic Automotive engine maintenance and repair specialist
5 automobile units Production and maintenance of aviation equipment Maintenance and repair of aircraft engines Operation of unmanned aerial vehicles aviation systems Monitoring the operation of measuring instruments Quality management of products, processes and services (by Specialist in after sales service aviation equipment Specialist in the production and maintenance of aircraft Aircraft engine technician Operator of unmanned aerial vehicles Metrologist Specialist in technical control of product quality Printing Control of printed products, Printing technician of semi-finished products and materials Printing adjuster Specialist in the production of printed media mass media Operation and repair Mechanical technician in agriculture agricultural machinery and Chef, pastry chef Chef Cook, pastry chef Confectioner Aesthetic services technology Cosmetologist Hairdressing technology Hairdresser art Hospitality Hospitality specialist Cooking and confectionery Graphic design Graphic designer
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There must be a prompt response from the educational (teaching and methodological) department; in two weeks it is quite possible to resolve this issue, for example, by temporarily filling the vacancy with hourly workers (agreement on the provision of paid services), some kind of redistribution of the load, etc.
It is necessary to draw up and approve an individual curriculum. An individual curriculum for persons with disabilities is enshrined in Federal Law-273 and the Federal State Educational Standard for TOP-50.
In accordance with clause 39. Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation dated June 14, 2013 N 464 “On approval of the Procedure for organizing and implementing educational activities in educational programs of secondary vocational education”: The content of secondary vocational education and the conditions for organizing training for students with disabilities are determined by the adapted educational program, and also for disabled people in accordance with the individual rehabilitation program for a disabled person
Depending on how he learns (inclusion, adaptive learning). The procedure for working with disabled people will be enshrined in methodological recommendations that will be released soon
The number of consultation hours will be determined in the guidelines
The new order will be approved.
DE applies to the TOP-50, which are introduced from 09/01/17. Documents are still in progress. There is still time for this.
Everything will be defined in the developed methodological recommendations for conducting the Demonstration exam.
Use the variable part.
In the Federal State Educational Standard for the TOP-50 it is written “at least 70% for development military training within the framework of the BZ.
Can not. Because here there are only individual competencies in the profession.
There will be no qualifications on the documents.
The category is regulated by the curriculum.
The range of general education subjects and the volume of workload for them is determined from methodological recommendations FIRO (Letter of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation dated December 19, 2014 No. 06-1225) as amended by Protocol No. 3 dated May 25, 2017, in which, in accordance with paragraph 5 “When forming curricula for PPCRS, PPSSZ The academic disciplines common to inclusion in the general education cycle of all curricula are: “Russian Language” and “Literature”, and in accordance with clause 9, paragraph. 4 “Exams are carried out in the academic disciplines “Russian language”, “Mathematics: algebra and the beginnings of mathematical analysis, geometry” and in one of the general education disciplines studied in depth, taking into account the acquired profession of secondary vocational education or specialty of secondary vocational education.
Percentage is not set, change is left to discretion educational organization, but you must justify your regional, industry specific or employer requirements as the basis for your changes.
Qualification levels are specified only in the professional standard that you use when developing a professional educational program. The Federal State Educational Standard for Secondary Professional Education does not contain any indication of qualification levels. When designing additional competencies in relation to the Federal State Educational Standard for Secondary Professional Education and describing the professional competencies given in the Federal State Educational Standard for Secondary Professional Education using professional standards, it is necessary to take into account the level of qualifications. In accordance with the qualification levels approved by the order of the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Russian Federation dated April 12, 2013 No. 148n, educational programs of secondary vocational education - training programs for qualified workers (employees) correspond to 4 and 5 skill levels, and educational programs of secondary vocational education – training programs for mid-level specialists, level 5 qualifications.
I agree with the author of the comment that working with professional standards helps teachers more consciously design individual elements of the main professional educational program. This work allows us to more accurately determine the content (sections, topics) of disciplines, modules and practices and their responsibility for the formation of planned educational results (competencies) and their components: knowledge, skills and experience.
Interim certification in the form of credit is carried out at the expense of the hours allocated for mastering the corresponding interdisciplinary course of the module or discipline.
Intermediate certification for the components of the professional module program (for IDC - a differentiated test or exam, for educational and industrial practice - a differentiated test) is carried out at the discretion of the educational institution;
— for professional modules, a mandatory form of intermediate certification is Ek (exam (qualifying)), which must be taken into account when calculating the total number of exams in the professional module;
The number of exams in each academic year in the process of intermediate certification of secondary vocational education students should not exceed 8, and the number of tests - 10. This number does not include exams and tests in physical education.
A credit unit is a unit of measurement of labor intensity academic work students in terms of conditional study time necessary not just to master the curriculum, but to achieve established learning outcomes. The results of training are formed competencies. Functions of credit units: accumulation (mastered competencies and the number of credits corresponding to them are recorded) and transfer (the student can transfer to another educational organization with his credits and the corresponding educational results). For the credit-module system to “work”, the following must be standardized:
- competencies (educational results);
- names of modules and corresponding competencies (a module, unlike a discipline, is always aimed at developing “whole” competencies, rather than individual knowledge, skills and (or) operational experience);
- number of credits (credit units for each module).
The following may differ in different educational organizations:
- “weight” of a credit unit in academic hours;
- list and number of disciplines within the module and their names;
- teaching methods and techniques, etc.
Thus, in the pedagogy of vocational education, the competency-based approach is transformed into a module-competency approach.
There may not be a section, but avoiding descriptions of competencies (whether these descriptions are called “specifications” or something else) means violating the principles of reverse technology for developing the BRI. This is the essence of the competency-based approach, which lies in the fact that the design of educational results, including their description, is primary in relation to the remaining elements of the professional educational program
Yes it is. General cultural competencies (GC) turned out to be “declarative”; they are very difficult to describe through detail in the form of a list of knowledge, skills and experience. However, it is possible. In essence, a good employee is a good specialist who can perform professional activities in any organization. Good specialist- developed professional competencies, and a good employee - developed general cultural competencies.
Sources of information for describing OK can be:
- professional standards (sections “Other characteristics” in the description of OTF and TF);
- professional codes (there are developed ethical codes for many professions);
- labor regulations adopted at enterprises and organizations for which VET prepares graduates.
Yes maybe. When implementing the average general education The educational organization, in accordance with the specifics of the educational program by profession/specialty, independently determines the appropriate profile of general education training, i.e. educational organizations of the Federal State Educational Standard according to the TOP-50 are given the right to independently determine the list academic disciplines within the framework of the BRI, depending on the specifics of the public organization, incl. and additional ones.
The subject of the accreditation examination is to determine the compliance of the content and quality of training of students in an organization carrying out educational activities with the federal state educational standards of educational programs declared for state accreditation.
VET, attention should be paid to the availability of documents, materials and means of supporting the educational process, confirming the fulfillment of the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard for Secondary Professional Education to the conditions for the implementation of the BOP, its structure and the results of development. The presence of FOS for disciplines, modules and practices is a requirement of the Federal State Educational Standard SVE TOP-50 (clause 2.4), accordingly, their development is mandatory for the accreditation of OPOP according to the Federal State Educational Standard TOP-50.
Starting from 2018, the list of expenses for training will include expenses under educational contracts. network form implementation of educational programs. This form of training assumes that the university and the company train employees together, for example, directly on the job (Part 1, Article 15 of the Federal Law of December 29, 2012 No. 273-FZ).
You can write it off:
Costs for maintaining company premises and equipment that it provides for training;
Remuneration for teachers;
The value of property that the organization transferred for the training process.
Clarifications on the introduction of Federal State Educational Standards of Secondary Professional Education for the 50 most in demand in the labor market, new and promising professions and specialties (Federal State Educational Standards of Secondary Professional Education for the TOP-50)
The Federal State Educational Standard for Secondary Vocational Education for the 50 most in demand in the labor market, new and promising professions and specialties (hereinafter referred to as the Federal State Educational Standard for the TOP-50, SPO) is a federal state educational standard for secondary vocational education, developed and approved in accordance with the list 50 most in demand in the labor market, new and promising professions requiring secondary vocational education, approved by order of the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Russian Federation dated November 2, 2015 No. 831, Rules for the development, approval of federal state educational standards and amendments to them, approved by decree Government of the Russian Federation dated August 5, 2013 No. 661, as well as in pursuance of paragraph 3 of the set of measures aimed at improving the system of secondary vocational education for 2015 - 2020, approved by order of the Government of the Russian Federation dated March 3, 2015 No. 349-r, and representing a set of mandatory requirements for secondary vocational education in a profession or specialty.
The inclusion of TOP-50 professions and specialties in the Lists of professions and specialties of secondary vocational education, approved by order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation dated October 29, 2013 No. 1199, is carried out in accordance with the Procedure for creating lists of professions, specialties and areas of training, approved by order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia dated September 12, 2013 No. 1059 (after the decision of the Council of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia on federal state educational standards on recommendations for approval of the Federal State Educational Standard for the TOP-50, appropriate changes are made to the specified lists), which provides for the adoption of a decision on assigning a six-digit code, which includes:
- the first two digits are the serial number of the enlarged group;
- the second two digits are the serial number of the list of professions/specialties;
- the last two digits are the serial number of the profession, specialty.
The codes of professions and specialties in the TOP-50 are new and do not repeat the existing codes of the current List of SVE.
The Federal State Educational Standard for the TOP-50 has undergone significant changes, including the modernization of its structure and content of requirements. The structure of the Federal State Educational Standard for the TOP-50 fully complies with Part 3 of Article 11 Federal Law dated December 29, 2012 No. 273-FZ “On Education in the Russian Federation” (hereinafter referred to as the Federal Law) and includes, along with general provisions requirements to:
- the structure of the main educational programs (including the ratio of the compulsory part of the main educational program and the part formed by participants in educational relations) and their volume;
- conditions for the implementation of basic educational programs, including personnel, financial, material, technical and other conditions;
- results of mastering basic educational programs.
In general, the Federal State Educational Standard for the TOP-50 has the following characteristic features:
- types of activities and professional competencies are developed taking into account the requirements of international and professional standards, as well as advanced technologies;
- the nomenclature and orientation of general competencies have been changed;
- the academic freedom of educational organizations has been increased in terms of shaping the structure and content of education;
- training periods were determined based on the recommendations of the workforce customers;
- the conditions for the implementation of the educational program were determined, including the introduction of additional requirements for the practical experience of teaching staff;
- introduced the new kind conducting state final certification - demonstration exam.
At the same time, the structure of the FSES SPO TOP-50 layouts determines vital role approximate basic educational programs (hereinafter referred to as the approximate program), for example:
- The educational organization determines the specific ratio of the volumes of the compulsory part and the variable part of the educational program, taking into account sample program;
- taking into account the sample program, the educational organization determines the list, content, volume and procedure for the implementation of disciplines and modules of the educational program;
- The educational organization determines the requirements for the content, volume and structure of the final qualifying work taking into account the sample program;
- the educational organization also uses the list of basic literature (textbooks, teaching aids) provided for in the sample program;
- recommendations for material, technical, educational and methodological support for the implementation of the educational program are determined by the approximate program.
The formation of these requirements in the sample program is primarily due to the rapidly changing needs of the labor market, which directly affects the training of workers, with the advent of new equipment, with the publication of new educational literature, etc. With the help of an example program it becomes possible rapid response to these changes.
In accordance with the Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia dated July 16, 2015 N 726 “On approval Model provision on educational and methodological associations in the system of secondary vocational education”, as well as Order No. 1115 dated October 7, 2015 “On the creation of federal educational and methodological associations in the system of secondary vocational education”,
Federal UMO SPO for the corresponding enlarged groups
- participate in the development of Federal State Educational Standards, POOP, KIM,
- coordinate the activities of working groups on methodological support for the development of exemplary basic educational programs
In accordance with Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation dated July 16, 2015 N 726 organization of development and examination of projects sample programs refers to the main areas of activity federal educational and methodological associations in the open source software system.
In accordance with Part 8 of Article 92 of the Federal Law, when carrying out state accreditation of educational activities in the main professional educational programs, organizations carrying out educational activities declare for state accreditation all the main professional educational programs that are implemented by them and relate to the corresponding enlarged group of professions and specialties (hereinafter UGPS).
In the event that an educational organization is already accredited by the USPS, which includes TOP-50 professions or specialties, then state accreditation of the main educational programs for these professions and specialties is not required. At the same time, during a scheduled inspection of control and supervision bodies, it is possible to check the compliance of the educational program with the Federal State Educational Standard according to the TOP-50.
Changes in indicators and criteria for expert assessment during state accreditation of educational activities are not provided for at this stage.
At the same time, the Federal State Educational Standard for the TOP-50 contains references to an approximate basic educational program, which, among other things, contains lists of basic literature, material and technical base necessary for the implementation of the basic educational program.
Professional and public accreditation of professional educational programs is recognition of the quality and level of training of graduates who have mastered such an educational program in a specific organization carrying out educational activities that meet the requirements of professional standards, while state accreditation assesses compliance with federal requirements state standards. Thus, the presence of professional and public accreditation is not identical to state accreditation of educational activities and does not replace state accreditation.
Yes need.
The presence of professional and public accreditation is not a sufficient condition and possibility of obtaining accreditation of a PEP in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard for the TOP-50 by profession or specialty,
because the professional and public accreditation procedure evaluates the quality of the program in accordance with the requirements of the employer, and accreditation of the educational program in accordance with clause 1.3 guarantees compliance of the educational program with the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard for TOP-50, but the presence of PHA contributes to the production of GA and is taken into account when distributing the CCP.
Yes, licensing by an educational organization of basic professional educational programs in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard for the TOP-50 is mandatory. Licensing is carried out by the licensing authority that covers the educational activities of the licensee implementing educational programs in the TOP-50.
In accordance with the Federal Law, the development of the main educational program is carried out, inter alia, in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard for TOP-50 and taking into account the approximate main educational program. An educational organization may use the sample core educational program as a basis when developing a core educational program. In addition, the Federal State Educational Standard for the TOP-50 contains specific references to the approximate basic educational program, including on issues of basic literature and material and technical base.
In accordance with Part 10, Article 12 of the Federal Law, exemplary basic educational programs are included, based on the results of the examination, in the register of exemplary basic educational programs, which is a state information system. The information contained in the register of exemplary basic educational programs is publicly available.
In accordance with Article 2 of the Federal Law, an approximate basic educational program is educational and methodological documentation that defines the recommended volume and content of education at a certain level and (or) a certain focus, the planned results of mastering the educational program, approximate conditions of educational activities, including approximate calculations of standard costs of providing public services for the implementation of the educational program. The approximate basic educational program includes an approximate curriculum, an approximate academic calendar, approximate work programs for academic subjects, courses, disciplines (modules), and other components.
When developing programs in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard for the TOP-50, an approximate basic educational program recommended by the Federal Educational Institution in the secondary vocational education system for enlarged groups of professions and specialties is used.
The Federal State Educational Standard for Secondary Professional Education TOP-50 indicates a qualification or a possible combination of qualifications, in accordance with which it is necessary to develop the main educational program. A separate act is not provided.
If the Federal State Educational Standard for the TOP-50 contains several qualifications or their combinations, then the layout of professional modules (main activities) for specific qualifications is contained in it. The necessary layout details will be presented in the approximate basic educational program.
When developing a basic educational program, an educational organization must be guided, inter alia, by the professional standards specified in the relevant Federal State Educational Standard for TOP-50 and the corresponding approximate basic educational program. If it is necessary to specify the variable part of the program, the requirements for labor functions employees of regional enterprises that provide employment opportunities for graduates of educational organizations.
The changes established by the Federal State Educational Standard for the TOP-50 provide that in the educational cycles of the educational program the volume of work of students in interaction with the teacher is highlighted by type training sessions(lesson, practical session, laboratory session, consultation, lecture, seminar), practice (in the professional cycle) and independent work students. At least 70 percent of the volume of educational cycles of the educational program for specialist training programs and at least 80 percent of the volume of educational cycles for training programs for qualified workers/employees, provided for by the relevant Federal State Educational Standards for secondary vocational education, with full-time by correspondence training - at least 25 percent, for correspondence training of specialists - at least 10 percent. Calculation of maximum study load(54 hours) is not included in the Federal State Educational Standard for TOP-50.
The maximum amount of independent work is established in Chapter II of the Federal State Educational Standard for TOP-50. Recommendations on the ratio of the amount of work students do in interaction with the teacher and their independent work, as well as possible forms of organizing independent work, are determined by the approximate basic educational program.
- Percentage of independent work of 36 hours per week
no more than 20% by profession
no more than 30% in specialties.
- The program developer has the right to provide for the amount of independent work
from 0-20% (30%) . - The amount of hours of independent work is selected at the level of developing an approximate program and is adjusted in the work program at the discretion of the PA.
The variable part according to the Federal State Educational Standard SVE TOP-50 is at least 20 percent for training programs for qualified workers and employees and at least 30 percent for training programs for mid-level specialists. Its calculation is carried out based on the total volume of the educational program minus the time allotted for conducting the State Examination. The distribution of the variable part of the program falls within the competence of the educational organization.
Requirements for the conditions for the implementation of educational programs are formed in accordance with the provisions of Chapter IV of the Federal State Educational Standard for Secondary Professional Education for the TOP-50 and are specified in the approximate basic educational program.
Taking into account international requirements, including international technical and environmental standards and regulations, was carried out by the developers at the level of formulating the results presented in the structure of the Federal State Educational Standard for the TOP-50 in the form of general and professional competencies, as well as in the procedures for organizing state final certification through the introduction of a demonstration exam, the form of which includes elements of organizing professional skills competitions according to standards international movement WorldSkills young professionals.
A demonstration exam is a type of state final certification, which is a real-time demonstration in specially organized model conditions of the level of mastery of the main results of the educational program.
In accordance with the requirements established by the Federal State Educational Standard for TOP-50, the demonstration exam is included in the state final certification.
At the discretion of the educational organization, a demonstration exam:
- for specialists - included in the final qualifying work or conducted in the form of a state exam;
- for qualified workers and employees – is a final qualifying work.
A demonstration exam in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard for TOP-50 is included in the state final certification. At the same time, in accordance with the order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia dated August 16, 2013 No. 968 “On approval of the Procedure for conducting state final certification for educational programs of secondary vocational education,” the state final certification of graduates cannot be replaced by an assessment of the level of their training based on ongoing monitoring of academic performance and results intermediate certification.
Mastering an educational program, including a separate part or the entire volume of an academic subject, course, discipline (module) of an educational program, is accompanied by an intermediate certification of students, carried out in the forms determined by the curriculum and in the manner established by the educational organization.
Thus, the procedure and form of conducting a demonstration exam in professional module determined by the educational organization independently.
Yes, it may, taking into account the area of activity of the organizations in which this experience was obtained, correspond to the area professional activity, specified in the relevant Federal State Educational Standard for TOP-50.
In accordance with the professional standard “Teacher vocational training, vocational education and additional vocational education" (OTF 3.1) in the absence of pedagogical education, additional professional education in the field of vocational education and (or) vocational training is required.
An additional professional program can be completed after employment.
Additional professional education is advanced training or professional retraining, and since the professional standard does not specify what type of additional professional education is required, both options are possible: advanced training (from 16 academic hours) and professional retraining (from 250 academic hours). hours). At the same time, the educational organization itself determines the need for the content and scope of the continuing education program in the field of vocational education and (or) vocational training.
In some cases, mastering a professional development program may not be enough to acquire the necessary pedagogical competencies, and mastering a professional retraining program will be required.
- Yes, since this requirement is established by the professional standard of a vocational education teacher.
- For employees of public organizations who do not have a pedagogical education, a program of additional professional education must be mastered.
PS “Teacher of vocational training, vocational education and additional vocational education” (OTF 3.1.) establishes the requirement for a teacher:
Secondary vocational education - training programs for mid-level specialists or higher education - bachelor's degree, the focus (profile) of which, as a rule, corresponds to the taught academic subject, course, discipline (module).
Additional professional education on the basis of secondary vocational education (training programs for mid-level specialists) or higher education (bachelor's degree) - professional retraining, the focus (profile) of which corresponds to the taught academic subject, course, discipline (module)
In the absence of pedagogical education - additional professional education in the field of vocational education and (or) vocational training; an additional professional program can be completed after employment
For teaching disciplines (modules) of the professional educational cycle of secondary vocational education programs Necessarily training in additional professional programs - advanced training programs, including in the form of internships in specialized organizations at least once every three years.
Additionalprofessionaleducation is advanced trainingorprofessional retraining
Formation general competence related to the use of professional documentation in a foreign language can be carried out both within the framework of the OGSE discipline and within the framework of interdisciplinary courses. Thus, in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard for the TOP-50, a mandatory part of the general humanitarian and socio-economic cycle of the educational program should include, along with other disciplines, the study of the discipline “ Foreign language in professional activities." Along with this, didactic units related to the study of professional documentation in a foreign language can also be built into sections of an interdisciplinary course.
To implement the discipline “Foreign Language in Professional Activities” it is necessary to involve pedagogical activity teachers who have undergone advanced training in the profile of the program being implemented.
These specialties are included in the list of the 50 most in demand on the labor market, new and promising professions that require secondary vocational education. The list was approved on November 2 by order of the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Russian Federation.
When compiling the list, the focus was primarily on high-tech industries and the service sector.
The lists of specialties were compiled by the Russian Ministry of Labor together with the Russian Ministry of Education and Science, the Agency for Strategic Initiatives, the Councils for Professional Qualifications of the National Council under the President of the Russian Federation for Professional Qualifications, government bodies, employers' associations, trade union associations, educational and other interested organizations.
Top 50 professions requiring secondary vocational education|
1. Auto mechanic |
2. Database administrator |
3. Graphic designer |
4. Cosmetologist |
|
5. Laboratory assistant for chemical analysis |
6. Master of decorative works |
7. Master of joinery and carpentry |
8. Metrologist |
|
9. Mechatronic |
10. Mobile roboticist |
11. Industrial equipment repairman |
12. Drone operator |
|
13. Computer controlled machine operator |
14. Optician-mechanic |
15. Hairdresser |
16. Tiler-facer |
|
17. Pastry chef |
18. Programmer |
19. Web and multimedia application developer |
20. Plumber |
|
21. Electronic systems assembler (specialist in electronic instruments and devices) |
22. Welder |
23. Network and system administrator |
24. Locksmith |
|
25. Specialist in the field of instrumentation and automation (by industry) |
26. Additive technology specialist |
27. Hospitality Specialist |
28. Information resources specialist |
|
29. Information systems specialist |
30. Non-destructive testing specialist (flaw detector) |
31. Specialist in the maintenance and repair of automobile engines |
32. Telecommunications service specialist |
|
33. Specialist in aircraft production and maintenance |
34. Testing specialist in the field of information technology |
35. Specialist in technical quality control of products |
36. Specialist in mechanical engineering technology |
|
37. Specialist in refrigeration and ventilation technology |
38. Aircraft engine technician |
39. Technician for automated process control systems |
40. Technician for biotechnical and medical devices and systems |
|
41. Information Security Technician |
42. Composite Materials Technician |
43. Robotic Manufacturing Maintenance Technician |
44. Design technician |
|
45. Mechanical technician in agriculture |
46. Printing technician |
47. Technical Writer |
48. Universal turner |
|
49. All-round milling operator |
50. Electrician |
To find out your predisposition to a particular activity, you can take
In this article, the authors (Nikolai Matvienko, Elena Rostovtseva) summarize some aspects of the structuring and systematization of the TOP 50 blue-collar professions, taking into account new trends and dynamics of the labor market.The Ministry of Labor published the top 50 most in-demand blue-collar professions in October 2015. . Over the past three years, major structural changes have occurred in the economy, politics and the labor market. This article by the authors is an attempt to fill the gap over the past three years, and to analyze the prerequisites, labor market trends by mid-2018, as well as make forecasts of in-demand blue-collar professions until 2020.
At the end of the article there is a glossary of terms used.
Key words: labor market, blue-collar professions, advanced training courses, andragogy, digitalization, TOP 50 blue-collar professions, courses and training in craft professions, professional standard, ETKS.
The labor market changes dynamically every year, season, quarter. And it changes especially rapidly in times of crisis. Now in the middle of summer 2018 there are massive layoffs in banking sector, in the real estate market and in the public sector. In 2015 (October), when the ranking of the TOP 50 most in-demand blue-collar professions was compiled, there were no such forecasts. There were forecasts of a drop in demand for lawyers, middle managers, image makers, and journalists. Only the forecast for the demand for IT specialists came true. And the forecasts for the demand for crisis managers came true. But the purpose of our study is workers - professions. Therefore, in this article we will consider only blue-collar and craft professions. And we must not forget the simple truth: ratings, tops, trends and lists are often compiled for someone and for someone. If stars light up in the sky, it means someone needs it...
We will not consider the erroneous list of FIRO compiled in alphabetical order, we will not consider the weighted average demand for all federal districts of the Russian Federation (this is average temperature for the hospital), we will not consider employees and engineers. Schoolchildren after the 10th grade, who still have career guidance, will remain outside the scope of our consideration. We focus our research on adults aged 20 years and older, well motivated, purposeful, and consciously choosing their future working profession.
Robotics, mechatronics, and service professionals remain the most in demand on the 2018 labor market. The main trend remains automation, robotization and digitalization of processes. But how to draw the line between an IT specialist and graphic designer? And as a car mechanic highly qualified will it work without a computer? According to Irina Bozrova, deputy director of the College of Communications, the priorities by industry sector on average in the Russian Federation look like this. List of enlarged industries and groups according to relevance and demand.
- Construction equipment and technologies
- Computer Science and Computer Engineering
- Information Security
- Electronics, radio engineering and communication systems
- Photonics, instrumentation, optical and biotechnical systems and technologies
- Chemical technology
- Mechanical engineering
- Industrial ecology and biotechnology
- Equipment and technologies of ground transport
- Air navigation and operation of aviation and rocket and space technology
- Management in technical systems
- Fine and applied arts.
In 2015, significant funds were allocated from the budget for individual sectors and educational processes in the most significant industries. At the same time, Lyubov Eltsova, Deputy Minister of Labor and Social Protection of the Russian Federation, noted that the most important thing is “...increased requirements for personnel conditions for the implementation of educational programs...” The qualifications of teaching staff of an educational organization must meet qualification requirements specified in professional standards. For teaching staff who ensure students master the disciplines of breakthrough nanotechnologies, digitalization, robotics (pedagogical measurement modules), experience in organizations of the relevant professional field is mandatory. These teaching staff receive additional professional education through advanced training programs, including in the form of internships in organizations whose activities correspond to the area of professional activity specified in the Federal State Educational Standard for Additional Professional Education, at least once every 3 years.
All professions from the top 50 list can be divided into several separate industries. In the top 50 working professions up to today the following specialties: service technician, mechanic, repairman, equipment mechanic, machine operator, assembler, stained glass artist, glass blower, ceramist, refractory worker, stove maker, argon welder. Ventilation specialist, process technician, design technician, general-purpose turner, general-purpose milling operator, electrician and others.
Professions related to repair and design also remain in demand. This is a master of decorative works, a tiler, a finisher, a joiner, a master of joinery and carpentry. And also a furniture restorer, stained glass artist, ventilation worker, plumber, locksmith. In addition to traditional professions, the top 50 included such rare specialties as unmanned aerial vehicle operator, mobile roboticist, additive technology specialist, mechatronics and composite materials technician. According to I.A. Chernoskutova, director of the department of state policy in the field of workforce training and additional vocational education, “...The appearance of certain vacancies occurs under the influence of many factors: the development and spread of a particular industry, novelty, prestige of the industry, salary level, low accessibility of education ..."
Let's go back to 2016. Dmitry Livanov and Olga Vasilyeva began large-scale education reforms. Deputy Minister of Education
Natalia Zolotareva said in 2016 that 40 percent of graduates now choose colleges and technical schools. Interview Rossiyskaya newspaper March 22, 2016.
Natalia Zolotareva: “The most in demand in the labor market are graduates who received education in the field of instrument engineering, in the field of aviation, rocket and space and marine technology. Among the working professions, builders, plumbers, stove makers, electricians, mechanics, restorers, database administrators, network workers are in demand. system administrators. Welders are also easily employed. The starting salary of a welder who knows, for example, two types of welding - argon and welding with a coated electrode - is about 70-90 thousand rubles. Master carpenter, metrologist, mechatronics, mobile roboticist, stained glass artist, adjuster industrial equipment repairman, program-controlled machine operator.
What specialists are in demand at defense enterprises?
Natalia Zolotareva: Technological processes at these enterprises are automated, so highly qualified workers are required. These are, for example, operators of numerically controlled machine tools, mechatronics engineers, and prototyping specialists. Today we need multidisciplinary specialists in the field of mechanical engineering and information technology. Therefore, during their studies at technical schools, children master several related professions.
What kind of profession is a mechatronics engineer?
Natalia Zolotareva: This is new profession. Mechatronics specialist is a specialist in installation, diagnostics and adjustment of automated production facilities and units. He has knowledge in the field of mechanics, electrical, information technology."
State and private educational institutions are concerned about increasing the prestige of blue-collar professions. Nowadays, the adult population chooses a working profession based on their vital interests. And andragogy is becoming increasingly popular among teachers. They are now more willing to work and teach to the adult population. Among the most in-demand blue-collar professions by 2020 are:
1. Professions related to construction: mason, mechanic, welder, turner, galvanizer, woodcarver, patternmaker.
2. Electrician for repair and maintenance of electrical equipment
3. Installers;
4. Technologists;
5. Operators for working with various industrial equipment: drillers or machinists.
Of course, among blue-collar specialists, employees with professional experience are especially valued. It is for this reason that young specialists need to be especially attentive to the development of important professional skills and abilities. Despite the wide opportunities provided modern market labor, the main thing for successful employment remains the desire to work and study. Constantly improve your skills. Education in the twenty-first century has become continuous, accessible, and distance learning. Now many educational establishments They teach working professions online and via video conference. The Russian Academy of Crafts in its main working professions conducts distance learning: stove maker, blacksmith, jeweler, ceramist, stained glass artist, carpenter, argon maker, restorer. The Academy of Crafts has established close contact with the federal districts and with the Chambers of Crafts in the districts. The student undergoes practical training at the Chamber of Crafts or with a master of the Chamber of Crafts in his Federal District. And the test ones test papers he rents in online mode to his teacher at the Academy of Crafts. Thus, you can obtain full qualifications and advanced training without leaving your region.
When choosing a working profession, you should ask yourself two questions: which professions pay well and which sectors of the economy are developing dynamically. An analysis of those trends that have the most significant impact on the labor market will allow us to understand which professions are in demand in the next 10 years.
What professions are disappearing from the labor market? Librarians, archivists, proofreaders, editors. There will also soon be fewer sellers, and postmen, elevator operators and watchmen may disappear. And by 2030, the professions of lawyers, economists, accountants and managers may become irrelevant.
In total, scientists identify more than 50 endangered professions, and among them there are specialties that are very popular today. The lowest paid working professions as of June 2018: watchman, nurse, worker, teacher, teacher, janitor, seamstress-machine operator.
Elena Yuryevna Rostovtseva - Head of the methodological department of the Russian Academy of Crafts, author of the concept of the TOP 50 blue-collar professions for the Ministry of Labor in 2015,
Matvienko Nikolai Nikolaevich - Vice-Rector of the Russian Academy of Crafts, head of the department of "Professional Technologies" of the Nochu DPO RAR.
June 2018 Moscow.
Terminology.
ETKS is a unified tariff and qualification reference book.
Digitalization is digitization various types information - text, sound, video. Everything that is around us is translated into ones and zeros, a language that computers can understand. Digitalization makes it possible to process large volumes of data and, as a result, simplify and speed up work.
Federal State Educational Standard for Additional Professional Education – Federal State Educational Standards for Additional Professional Education.
