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Specially protected natural areas of Crimea presentation for a geography lesson (grade 9) on the topic. Open environmental lesson “Specially protected natural areas of Crimea Crimean Nature Reserve

Specially protected natural areas Crimea

Slide No. 1

The purpose of the lesson: study the protected natural areas of Crimea; get acquainted with the types of specially protected natural areas and their functions; study the development of the reserve fund in Crimea.

Subject results. To teach how to identify the essential features of specially protected areas of Crimea; show the role of specially protected areas (specially protected areas) for conservation biological diversity biosphere; develop the ability to compare environmental protection areas of Crimea, draw conclusions and conclusions based on comparison.

Personal results: formation ecological culture based on recognition of the value of life in all its manifestations and the need for a responsible, careful attitude To environment;

Meta-subject results: ability to work with different sources of biological information: find biological information in various sources (textbook text, popular science and reference literature), analyze and evaluate information; the ability to classify - to determine the belonging of biological objects to a certain systematic group; the ability to compare biological objects and processes, to be able to draw conclusions based on comparison.

Basic concepts and terms: specially protected areas, world heritage monuments, nature reserves, sanctuaries, National parks, natural monuments, arboretums, botanical gardens.

Equipment and materials : computer, screen, lesson presentation, printouts didactic material for students.

Lesson type: discovering new knowledge, acquiring new skills and abilities.

Teaching methods : explanatory-illustrative, problem-search, brainstorming, group work.

During the classes

Classroom Organization (3 minutes)

Poems about human responsibility for preserving nature against the background of music

Good afternoon guys, today we have an unusual lesson, a lesson that makes you think and change your view of nature. I would like to start the lesson with a wonderful poem by the poet Alexander Smirnov.

Slides No. 2,3

There is just a temple, there is a temple of science,

(slides No. 4,5)
And there is also a temple of nature, with forests stretching their arms towards the sun and winds.

(Slide 6.7)

He is holy at any time of the year, open to us in hot and cold weather. Come here, be a little hearty,

(Slide No. 8)
Do not desecrate his shrines.

Slide No. 9

Teacher Questions:

Who is the poet addressing?

What is the purpose of writing this poem?

Update background knowledge students (4 minutes)

Slides No. 9, 10

What do the organisms shown on the slide have in common? (endemics)

Slides No. 11,12

What do the organisms shown on the slide have in common? (relics)

Slides No. 13,14

What do the organisms on the slide have in common? (rare and endangered species of Crimea)

Problem situation (2 minutes)

Slide No. 15

Facts about daily species extinction (graph)

Slides No. 16,17

Biodiversity and its role in preserving the biosphere

What to do in such a situation?

Finding a way out problematic situation brainstorming method (2 minutes)

Assumption : protect biodiversity at all levels: global, national, regional, local.

Keyword protect!

Mini-lecture (15 minutes)

Slide No. 18

Specially protected natural areas - territories within which they are protected from traditional economic use and maintained in their natural state to preserve ecological balance, as well as for scientific, educational, cultural and aesthetic purposes.

Slide No. 19

Currently, the total number of protected natural areas in the world has exceeded 2,600, with a total area of over 4 million km2, which is 3% of the land area.

Slide No. 20

Wildlife sanctuaries - areas of natural territories within which certain types and forms of human economic activity are prohibited (permanently or temporarily).

Reserves - specially protected areas (and water areas), completely excluded from any economic activity for the sake of preserving rare and endangered species.

Game reserve - an area of territory allocated for the intensive reproduction of game and intended for strictly regulated hunts.

National Park - usually a large area of territory allocated for the conservation of nature for health and aesthetic purposes, as well as in the interests of science, culture and education.

Natural monument - separate natural objects(waterfalls, caves, geysers, unique gorges, centuries-old trees, etc.) of scientific, historical, cultural and aesthetic significance.

Slide No. 21

World Heritage Monument - in 1972, in the face of a growing threat to the natural and cultural heritage of mankind, UNESCO adopted the World Heritage Convention, establishing the Fund, the funds of which are used to protect monuments of world culture, unique natural areas or sites, usually of national importance. Currently in International List The World Heritage Site includes 337 natural and cultural sites.

Slide No. 22

Analyze the table. Select the top three.Determine which country has the most developed nature reserves, and which country practically does not deal with nature conservation issues.

Slide No. 23

1. The top three are:

1st place – New Zealand, 2nd place - Austria, 3rd place - Russia and Costa Rica

2. Nature conservation is most developed in New Zealand (16% of the country - PA)

3. Nicaragua practically does not deal with environmental issues (0.12% of the country - OTO)

Slide No. 24

Reserves of Crimea

Slides No. 25 -32

Crimean State Reserve

Slides No. 33-35

Cape Martyan

Slides No. 36 -39

Karadag

Slides No. 40-44

Opukskiy

Slides No. 45-47

Kazantipsky

Consolidation of what has been learned (17 minutes)

Slide No. 48

Working with a table. The teacher explains the conditions for working in groups. Asks you to find task No. 1 on the tables. Students complete the task. Self-test.

Slide No. 49

The teacher explains the conditions of task No. 2 and asks to find it on the tables. Semantic reading, detecting errors in texts. Peer review.

Correspondence of terms and their definitions (task No. 3).

The teacher walks between the tables and checks the correct execution.

assigning points to groups.

Slide No. 50

Reflection (2 minutes)

Did you learn anything new today?

What did you find most interesting?

What do you think is the most important thing you learned?

What conclusion did you come to?

Slide No. 51

Take care of Crimean nature for future generations! Goodbye!

State reserve, largest reserve Crimea, created in 1991. Area ha. It is administered by the Administration of the President of the Russian Federation.

The reserve includes 5 forest districts and the Razdolnensky ornithological branch “Lebyazhye Islands”, and the reserve also manages the Karkinitsky ornithological reserve of wetlands of national importance with a water area of hectares.

the main objective conservation of biological and landscape diversity of Opuka and its coastal zone. The area has great environmental and historical value for study natural processes and phenomena, development of scientific foundations for nature conservation. The region is diverse with a variety of flora and fauna

Nature reserve in Crimea. Area ha. It is under the jurisdiction of the State Committee for Forestry and Hunting of the Republic of Crimea. The territory of the reserve is forever withdrawn from economic exploitation; its use is permitted only for scientific purposes or to ensure the conservation and enhancement of the reserve’s wealth. The territory of the reserve is part of the specially protected natural areas of the Republic of Crimea.

Class hour in 7th grade

"Reserved places of Crimea"

Target: introduce you to the reserves of the Crimean peninsula - the beauty of nature that needs to be protected to preserve the unique natural heritage to future generations.

Tasks:

nurturing love for the nature of one’s country, a sense of patriotism;
fostering a culture of behavior in nature reserves and game reserves;
expanding the range of environmental knowledge.

Progress of the lesson

1. Teacher's word:

K.G. Paustovsky (1892-1968) wrote:

“There are corners of our earth so beautiful that every visit to them evokes a feeling of happiness, fullness of life, and tunes our entire being to an unusually simple and fruitful lyrical sound. This is Crimea... Everyone who has visited Crimea takes with them... regret and slight sadness that memories of childhood evoke, and the hope of seeing this midday land again.”

The great Chilean poet Pablo Neruda called Crimea an order on the chest of planet Earth. Not only him, but also many other creative people were captivated by the beauty of this region, which the gods created for themselves, but then gave to people.

Crimea - amazing place, which aroused admiration from everyone who visited here. It did not leave indifferent many writers, poets and artists who visited here. The delightful nature of Crimea, its turbulent history, and multinational culture have inspired many generations of creative people.

Today we will talk about the wealth that is inexhaustible on this fertile land, but at the same time, which requires careful treatment and preservation - we will talk about protected areas Crimea.

Let's turn to explanatory dictionary and let's see what the reserve is?
- The dictionary of Sergei Ivanovich Ozhegov saysA reserve is a protected area where rare and valuable plants, animals.

Several students in our class found, studied and prepared material for our class topic in advance.

2. Children's performances.

Crimean Nature Reserve.

Crimean reserve is the largest on the Crimean Peninsula.

It is located among the highest mountain peaks, including such peaks as Chatyr-Dag, Demir-Kapu, Kemal-Egerek and the most high point Crimea - Mount Roman-Kosh.

Through reserve passes Nikitsky Pass - the highest pass in Crimea.

The vegetation of the reserve is very rich and diverse, with more than 1,200 species. Oak, beech and pine forests I occupy the main area of the reserve.

The fauna is represented by more than 200 species of vertebrates. Many of them are included in various environmental books and red lists. But the king of the reserve is the noble Crimean deer.

About 70 species of birds nest in the reserve. In more remote places nest like this rare birds, like the griffon vulture and the black vulture.

There are 300 springs on the territory of the reserve. The most famous is Savlukh-su, whose water is rich in microelements, especially silver, which allows the water to be suitable for consumption for a very long time.

The area is replete with cultural and historical monuments, there are about 80 of them. There are valuable archaeological excavations here.

Magnificent trout ponds are located not far from mountain river Alma.

Crimean reserve is engaged not only in environmental protection and research activities. It is open for sightseeing and educational tourism.

Yalta Nature Reserve.

Yalta reserve located on the southern slopeCrimean mountains and stretches from Foros to Gurzuf for more than 40 km.

The climate in the lower part is predominantly Mediterranean, but becomes more moderate with increasing altitude. Thereby vegetable world very diverse. Coniferous, oak and beech forests occupy significant areas, but Special attention here we focus specifically on Crimean pine. In the reserve you can also find juniper and pistachio trees.

More than 35 species of mammals and about 150 species of birds, more than 20 species of reptiles and amphibians live here. The most common species are red deer, roe deer, mouflon, Crimean fox, Crimean weasel, and brown hare.

Reserve open to visitors all year round, with the exception of very hot days summer months when fire danger increases. Special routes have been developed here for tourists that pass through interesting natural sites: the Ai-Petri teeth, the Uchan-Su waterfall, the Alimushka, Shishko, Stavri-Kaya rocks.

Climbing to the Ai-Petri plateau, you can see a magnificent view of the Crimean coast. You can also get here by cable car, the lower landing area of which is located in Miskhor. There is a nearbycave Three-Eyes, where one hall is open to the public.

You can ride a horse through the pine-oak forest above Gurzuf; there is a special a tourist route for horse riding.

Yalta reserve – this is another pearl of such a rich and unique Crimea.

Nature Reserve Cape Martyan.

Reserve Cape Martyan is located in the south of Crimea, east of the Nikitsky Botanical Garden.

This is the smallestreserve Crimea. It is located on the cape of the same name.

The flora of the reserve includes more than 530 plant species, 38 of which are listed in the Red Book of Ukraine. The main objective of environmental protection measures is to preserve unique corner Mediterranean nature (plants such as tall juniper and small-fruited strawberry are of particular value).

The adjacent waters of the Black Sea are also under protection. This the only place, where shipping and all types of underwater hunting and fishing are prohibited, due to which the number of underwater inhabitants has noticeably increased.

Black Sea dolphins often come here - white-sided dolphins, bottlenose dolphins, and Azov dolphins.

The fauna of the reserve is very rich: 150 species of birds, 18 species of mammals, 70 species of fish, 700 species of insects.

There is an ecological trail in the reserve, along which excursions are conducted.

In the summer season you can swim on the reserve's beach.

Tour desks offer excursions toreserve Cape Martyan with a simultaneous visit to the State Nikitsky Botanical Garden - the most popular excursion site in Crimea.

Karadag reserve.

Karadag reserve familiar to many travel lovers as the most beautiful corner Crimea.

The main attraction is the only extinct volcano in Europe, Karadag, which has preserved not only traces of weathering, but also traces of the eruption process itself, which took place about 150 million years ago.

Since 1914, there have been ongoing scientific works, and in 1979, Karadagsky was founded on the basis of the scientific stationreserve , which occupies the territory between the villages of Kurortnoye, Shchebetovka and Koktebel.

The fauna and flora of the reserve are very rich, with more than 2,500 plants and 5,300 animal species. Wild boar, fox, roe deer, squirrel, hedgehog, brown hare, and stone marten live here.

The water area is inhabited by typical Black Sea inhabitants. Off the coast of the reserve you can meet the Black Sea Azov dolphins, bottlenose dolphins, and white sided dolphins.

The coastline is favored by crested cormorants, which form numerous colonies here.

A visit to the reserve is organized according to special ecological trails accompanied by scientific staff.

The Golden Gate Island Rock is business card reserve.

Bizarre rocks have excited the imagination since ancient times, as evidenced by the names translated from Tatar as the Devil's Mouth and the Devil's Finger. Unique landscapes have always attracted travelers and creative people here.

3. A word to the teacher

Crimea is a wonderful corner of generous nature, a museum under open air. The paths of his history are complex and whimsical, When you try to trace them from today- it begins to seem as if someone omnipotent was playing with this small peninsula, like a precious toy: “But I’ll do something else with it... And what will happen?”...

Time changes, peoples change, but the love for Crimea remains unchanged...Love for this amazing corner of the Earth.

4. Statements (in a chain) of class participants:

Crimea is a planet in miniature.
Crimea is a fragment of the ancient Ecumene at the very doors of Russia.
Crimea is halfway from the pole to the equator.
Crimea is a connection of all healing powers Nature and the reserve of its wonders,
Crimea is the land where all year round, something blooms every day.
Crimea is an arena for the play of all elements - sea, air and underground.
Crimea is a workshop of human genius and a museum of his creations.

Crimean Nature Reserve.

Nikitsky pass. Memorial sign

Noble Crimean deer

Griffon Vulture Black Vulture

Source Savlukh-Su

Yalta Nature Reserve.

Ai-Petri teeth

Wuchang-Su waterfall.

Three-Eyes Cave.

Nature Reserve Cape Martyan.

Juniper Tall.

Dolphins of the Black Sea Belobochka Bottlenose dolphin Azovka

Nikitsky Botanical Garden.

Karadag reserve.

Volcano Karadag.

Rock-island Golden Gate.

Devil's finger rock.

Crimea. Crimea is a planet in miniature. Crimea is a fragment of the ancient Ecumene at the very doors of Russia. Crimea is halfway from the pole to the equator. Crimea is a combination of all the healing powers of Nature and a reserve of its wonders. Crimea is a land where something blooms all year round, every day. Crimea is an arena for the play of all elements - sea, air and underground. Crimea is a workshop of human genius and a museum of his creations. Crimea is a hospitable home, always ready to receive guests.

"Colorful Rainbow" - Sun rays, falling on raindrops in the sky, they break up into multi-colored rays. Colors of rainbow. Pheasant. Where. Wishes. And the Seven-Colored Arc emerges into the meadows. Every. Is sitting. Do you know why the rainbow is multicolored? The sun is shining and laughing, And the rain is pouring on the Earth. Hunter. This is how a rainbow is formed.

“Fog and clouds” - Cumulus. Name the types of clouds. Table. Clouds. Cumulus clouds form at an altitude of 6-9 km and consist of tiny droplets of water. Rain clouds. Rain. Cirrus. Rain clouds form at an altitude of 2-5 km. Fog road. Layered. Cumulus clouds. Fog 1. Stratus clouds. Fog forest. Cirrus clouds consist of ice crystals and form at an altitude of 10-12 km.

“Time Clock” - Here is the hourglass of Erasmus of Rotterdam: The Greeks called their water clock “clepsydra” - the stealer of water. Electric and electronic clocks. Hourglass. I have spent case study and the results were interesting. Oil clock. True, I go to school alone, and from school with friends.

“What is weather 2nd grade” - That’s why they say - Atmosphere pressure. Tornado - giant tornado destructive force. Barometer is a device for measuring pressure. A meteorologist is a scientist who observes the weather. Our Earth is surrounded by a shell of air - the atmosphere. Hailstones are hard, round pieces of ice. What is weather? A cloud is a collection of tiny water droplets or ice crystals.

“Why is the rainbow colored” - Rainbow-arc. Consolidation. Staging problematic issue. Ants. What colors does a rainbow consist of? Primary consolidation of knowledge. Summarizing student responses. Updating knowledge. Passage of a ray of light through a glass prism. Why is the rainbow multicolored? Practical work. Ideas about light and color.

“Rainbow” - Which of the fairy-tale characters has blue hair. Who wrote the fairy tale "Bluebeard"? Which author of the fairy tale “Little Red Riding Hood” has a sad ending? Rina Zelenaya's middle name. Yellow Demid looks at the sun all day. When is the Red Hill holiday celebrated? What do you think is depicted in A. Rylov’s painting “Green Noise”.

There are 18 presentations in total

Reserves of Crimea

The presentation was prepared by a primary teacher MBOU classes“Rodnikovskaya school-gymnasium” Mashakov A.Sh.

Reserve- a section of territory in which all of it is preserved in its natural state natural complex. Hunting and any economic activity person. Reserves are usually closed to tourists. This strictly guarded territory!
In Crimea there are 7 .

CRIMEAN NATURE RESERVE

It was organized in 1928. More than 200 species of vertebrates live (half of those found in Crimea). The forests are inhabited by Noble deer, Crimean roe deer, mouflon, black vulture, griffon vulture and other rare animals.

More than 1,200 species of plants grow on the territory (almost half of the entire flora of Crimea). Oak, beech and hornbeam forests are of particular value.

One of the largest in Crimea. Created in 1973

Any economic activity is prohibited on the territory of the reserve, except for scientific and research development.

In the mountainous part of the reserve there is Mount Ai-Petri, the famous Devil's Staircase, the Three-Eyed (Ice) Cave, and the Uchan-Su waterfall.

Devil's Staircase Pass

Three-Eyed Cave

Mountain slopes

Forests occupy 75% of the entire territory. On the mountain slopes there are pine forests (57%), beech and hornbeam.

Cape Martyan

Located east of the Nikitsky Botanical Garden, area - 240 hectares. Created in 1973 and intended to preserve an area of Mediterranean nature in Crimea. A relict Mediterranean forest in which more than 500 species of plants grow is protected here.

Of particular value are the communities of the rarest relic - the red strawberry tree, listed in the International Red Book.

"Red Books"

Pistachio obtufolia

Juniper tall

Swan Islands- branch of the Crimean Nature Reserve.

Here is one of the largest Eastern Europe aggregations of waterfowl: more than 230 species, of which 18 are listed in the Red Book.

Every year up to 5 thousand people fly here from the south. swans.

Colony of laughing gulls

There are more than 30 thousand individuals. During the summer, seagulls destroy almost 2 million. gophers and up to 8 million mice.

Karadag Reserve

The youngest on the peninsula (1979), located in the southeast of Crimea.

The flora includes about 1050 plant species.

Only here does Poyarkova’s hawthorn live

Koktebel tulip

Yaskolka (Crimean edelweiss)

Area 450 hectares. Located on the northwestern coast of the Kerch Peninsula (Leninsky district, Shchelkino).

Founded in 1998 Represents virgin areas of the feather grass steppe.

Among the plants that grow here are white violet, tulips, 5 types of feather grass, Galiev's cornflower, thin-leaved peony, etc.

225 plant species are listed in the Red Book.

35 species of animals are included in the Red Book (yellow belly, snakes, steppe viper, steppe harrier, kestrel, ferret, gopher, etc.)

Steppe ferret

The Opuksky Nature Reserve was created in 1998 in the south of the Kerch Peninsula for the preservation and reproduction of steppe natural complexes of the Crimean plain and aquatic complexes of the Black Sea.
Area of the Opuksky Nature Reserve is 1592.3 hectares, of which 62 hectares are the Black Sea with the islands of the Rock-Ships, rising in the sea 4 km from the coast.