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Who is now the oldest inhabitant of the planet. The oldest man on earth - why people don’t live two hundred years

One of the oldest women in Italy, Theresia Staffler, died on Monday evening in the mountain town of Santa Valpurga in the northern Italian region of Trentino-Alto Adige at the age of 112. Staffler was far from the only famous centenarian whose age exceeded 100 years.

Duration human life depends on many reasons. This is both a genetic predisposition and environment, and a person’s mood, his desire to live. Only people live to be a hundred years old small share percent of the total number of people on Earth.

According to gerontologists, life expectancy modern man 40% less than what is allotted to it by nature: 100-120 years of active and full life not the limit for the human body.

By classification World Organization In healthcare, long-livers include elderly people who have crossed the 90-year mark.

According to the Guinness Book of Records, the limit for human life expectancy is 122 years. Jeanne Louise Calmat, a resident of France, born on February 21, 1875 in Arles, lived this long. Japanese resident Shigechio Izumi, who was born in 1865 and died of pneumonia in 1986, lived two years less.

But many scientists and journalists believe that the Guinness Book of Records does not have all the data on centenarians. Thus, a reporter from the Cairo newspaper Al-Akhbar talks about a man who, according to him, is 195 years old and perfectly remembers the opening of the Suez Canal.

The population census in Vietnam in 1991 also made its own adjustments to the question of centenarians. A man aged 142 was discovered in Cun Khol County, Nget Tinh Province. There, in Vietnam, they found a centenarian who was born in 1847, outlived her three husbands and has four children who are already over 100 years old.

According to unverified data, one of the oldest inhabitants of the planet was Chinese citizen Li-Chgung-yan, who was born in 1680 and died in 1933 at the age of 253 years. However, these reports are not documented.

One of the oldest inhabitants of Colombia, Javier Pereira, lived to be 169 years old. A special edition was issued in his honor Postage Stamp. On the day Pereira turned 146 years old, government officials and senior officials came to congratulate him. They asked the hero of the day for his consent to issue a commemorative stamp with his image in his honor. Pereira agreed, but set a condition: at the bottom corner of the stamp it should be written: “I drink and I smoke.”

In the Soviet Union, a postage stamp was also issued in honor of the long-lived Mukhamed Eyvazov (he was 148 years old at the time). After this, Eyvazov lived for another three years. He died in August 1959.

An interesting case is described by English historians. In 1635, the peasant Thomas Parr came from the provinces to London to appear before King Charles as a miracle of longevity. Parr claimed that he had outlived nine kings and was 152 years old. In honor of the long-liver, the king threw a magnificent feast, after which Thomas Parr suddenly died. It was opened by the famous English doctor William Harvey, who discovered blood circulation. According to Harvey, Parr died of pneumonia, but, as legends say, the cause of his death was the rich treat at the king's table. Parr was buried with honors in Westminster Abbey.

Of the most famous centenarians The following can also be noted:

Zoltan Petridzh (Hungary) - 186 years old.

Peter Zortai (Hungary) - 185 years old (1539-1724).

Cantigern is the founder of Glasgow Abbey. Known as Saint Mungo. Lived 185 years.

Tense Abziva (Ossetia) - 180 years old.

Huddiye (Albania) - 170 years old. His offspring numbered 200.

Hancer Nine (Türkiye). Lived 169 years. Died in 1964.

Sayyad Abdul Mabud (Pakistan) - 159 years old.

IN developed countries There is a constant struggle in the world for the survival and improvement of the nation, for increasing the life expectancy of each person. Increasing life expectancy in all countries of the world is achieved by reducing child mortality and reducing mortality from cancer and heart diseases. Thus, by defeating diseases, humanity strives to get closer to achieving the upper limit of human life.

Leonard Hayflick, professor of anatomy at the University of California, based on his human survival charts for individual countries and different periods obtained a theoretical curve with an upper limit of 115 years. At the same time, Hayflick discovered another interesting pattern: it turns out that a person’s life expectancy is proportionally related to the ratio of brain weight to body weight. The greater this ratio, the longer life, and this has changed quite dramatically at certain periods during evolution. Last time its strong increase occurred 100 thousand years ago, after which it practically did not change, just as the ratio of brain weight to body weight did not change.

Leonard Hayflick also expressed an original point of view on the aging of the body. According to him, aging occurs after growth stops, and those creatures whose growth does not stop over time (shark, sturgeon, Galapagos tortoise) age very, very slowly.

About the upper limit of human life various world scientists they say differently. The famous medieval physician Paracelsus believed that a person could live 600 years. Albrecht von Haller and Christoph Wilhelm Hufeland (scientists of the 18th century) considered the age of 200 years to be the limit of human life. Russian scientists Ilya Mechnikov and Alexander Bogomolets spoke about 160 years.

As paradoxical as it may sound, rarely do any long-livers die a natural death directly from old age. Almost always the cause of death is various diseases - cardiovascular, oncological, infectious.

In his “Etudes of Optimism,” Mechnikov pointed out that “in 1902 in Paris, out of 1000 deaths between 70 and 74 years, only 85 people died of old age. Most old people died from contagious diseases: pneumonia and consumption, from heart disease, kidney disease or cerebral hemorrhage." Even the famous long-livers, the Englishman Thomas Parr (152 years old) and the Turk Zara Aga (156 years old), died not from age, but from disease (the first from pneumonia, the second from uremic coma caused by prostate disease).

Among centenarians, drunkards are often found. The surgeon Politiman died at 140 years old (1685-1825); From the age of 25, he used to get drunk every day after finishing his studies. Gascony, a butcher in Trieu (Pyrenees), who died in 1767 at the age of 120, got drunk twice a week. The example of one Irish landowner Brown, who lived to be 120 years old, is striking. He bequeathed a tombstone inscription to be made for him, stating that “he was always drunk and so terrible in this state that death itself was afraid of him.”

But some centenarians loved wine, others coffee. So, for example, the famous Voltaire loved coffee very much, and when one doctor began to tell him that coffee is poison, Voltaire replied: “It will be 80 years since I have been poisoned by this poison.” Coffee lover Elizabeth Durien lived to be 114 years old.

They say that smoking shortens life. However, many centenarians smoked. Ross, who received the Longevity Award at age 102 (1896), was a heavy smoker.

Scientists have always been interested in the so-called “foci of longevity,” isolated areas where people live much longer than in other places and retain vitality and energy until the end of their lives. One such region is Abkhazia, where almost 3% of the population are centenarians, over 100 years old.

In 2000, there were an estimated 70,000 to 80,000 people in the United States aged 100 years or older. Centenarians represent one of the fastest growing age groups in the US population.

The average life expectancy in Cuba, a neighbor of the United States, is one of the highest in the world: 76 years. At the same time, for the country's 11 million population, there are about 3 thousand people who have crossed the century mark.

Taiwan boasts the number of its centenarians over 100 years of age. According to the Xinhua Agency as of October 2009, there are 1,223 of them in the state. Among the elderly people, 853 are women and 370 are men. The oldest of them are a 116-year-old resident of Kaohsiung City and a 113-year-old resident of Lianhua County, Taipei City.

In November 2009, peasant woman Halima Solmaz turned 125 years old - oldest woman planet that lives in eastern Turkey in the highland province of Diyarbakir. In confirmation of this, a representative of the provincial census bureau showed the identity card of the ecumenical hero of the day, which recorded the date of birth of grandmother Halime - 1884.

On January 11, 2010, at the age of 112, one of the oldest women in Italy, Theresia Staffler, died in the mountain town of Santa Valpurga in the northern Italian region of Trentino-Alto Adige.

Staffler, who was born in 1898, managed to live in the 19th, 20th and XXI centuries. She ranked 45th on the world list of centenarians.

Teresia will be buried by her two daughters, who are 88 and 85 years old, as well as numerous grandchildren and great-grandchildren.

The material was prepared based on information from RIA Novosti and open sources

Probably everyone dreams of living forever. Well, if not forever, then at least for a very long time. Long enough to look at my own children and grandchildren. However, the characteristics of the human body, as scientists have proven more than once, cannot allow

It's all about the structure and special functional structure of our cells. You can become the oldest person on earth only if special conditions work, both of the whole organism and of each cell individually. The cells of the body are renewed once in a certain period equal to 10-15 years of life.

The update process is complete. During the process of renewal of damaged cells, damaged DNA molecular chains are restored, but do not fully function, as a new cell does. Over the course of life, the number of such damaged molecules accumulates, body functions deteriorate, and death occurs.

But let's return to the oldest man on the planet. In 1933, an obituary appeared in American popular magazines, from which humanity learned that a man who was 256 years old at that time had died. His name was Li Ching-Yun, he lived in China and, according to some sources, was born either in 1736 or 1677.

Most an old man on the planet all my life I have been collecting, preparing and selling medicinal herbs. His trips to Tibet, Kan-Su, Shanxi, Manchuria and other countries that are home to rare medicinal plants are known.

The oldest man on earth practiced martial arts in his youth, and residents of Sichuan, the province where Lee Ching-Yun lived all his life, say that he was a vigorous and strong man, middle-aged, even when they were very young. Moreover, they told how their grandfathers recalled that they knew this man when they themselves were still small.

The oldest man had 24 wives and raised 180 heirs, many of whom are now deceased. The oldest man on earth always observed strict diet, ate only rice and wine, drank herbal decoctions that he collected himself.

Scientists from Chengdu University discovered the records of the Chinese Imperial Court on the census data of China, and in these records they found a report of congratulations to Li Ching-yung on his hundred and fiftieth birthday in 1827, and in 1877 the government did not forget its centenarian, and again congratulated the oldest person on Earth with its bicentenary.

Just before his death in 1927, the oldest man on the planet was invited to the city of Wang Xian by a certain general Yang Sen, who was amazed by the excellent physical and mental condition of the old man. This was surprising, especially since on the eve of his death the oldest man gathered his many relatives and announced to them the completion of his life. life path, and the intention to soon leave our world and return home. He always instructed those around him to keep his heart calm, because this prolongs life.

How many years would you like to live? 70-80? Or maybe 100? But is this possible? Quite! Many countries and territories are home to people who have managed to maintain relative health and memory even after the hundredth anniversary of their birth. So, who are the oldest people in the world?

Chinese Lee Ching-Yun

Lee claimed that he was born in 1736 and lived to be 197 years old! And in 1930, a professor at Minkuo University, By Chang-shin, discovered curious records indicating that Li Ching-yung was born not in 1736, but in 1636, and telling how the Chinese Government congratulated him on his 150th and 200th birthdays. -summer anniversaries! How so? Perhaps there was another person named Lee Ching-Yun, or Lee himself forgot the year, or rather the century, of his birth. Since the case is old, now no one can say for sure how this story actually unfolded. One thing is clear, Lee lived long life and died at a ripe old age, “fed up with days.” He was born and lived his entire long life in the Chinese province of Sichuan. Over the years of his life, he buried 23 wives and raised 180 children. They say Lee was a very calm and self-possessed person. In any situation I tried to maintain peace of mind, and nothing could unsettle him. Maybe this is the secret of longevity?

Tuti Yusupova is the oldest living person

Tuti Yusupova is a citizen of Uzbekistan, Karakalpak by nationality, born on July 1, 1880. She recently celebrated her 133rd birthday on July 1, 2012. In 2010, in Uzbekistan, she was filmed as the oldest inhabitant of the Earth. documentary"Witness of three centuries."

Grandmother Tuti lives with her family in the village of Karakalpakia, and works hard all her life for the good of her homeland and her family. Tootie has been married since she was 17 and has now lived as a widow for many years since her husband died in the 1940s. She raised children from whom Tootie now has more than 100 grandchildren and great-grandchildren.

A citizen of Georgia, Antisa Khvichava was born on July 8, 1880 in the Tsalenjikha region (village of Sachino). At 130 years old, she retained clarity of thought and could play backgammon. Not only friends and relatives, but also representatives of various public services and the district administration, even a rural folk group performed their songs for her.

Antisa Khvichava worked all her life in agriculture in her village, retiring only when she was well over 80. She died not so long ago, on September 30, 2012, at a good old age, at the 133rd year of her life. More than 1,000 people attended her funeral. Relatives, friends, and fellow villagers gathered to honor the memory of grandmother Antisa, the oldest person in Georgia.

Born in 1875 in France. She died in August 1997 at the age of 122 years, 164 days. Her active image Even young people can envy their life. At the age of 80, Zhanna began fencing, and at the age of 100 she was riding a bicycle with all her might. She is survived by her family: husband Fernand Calment, daughter Yvonne, grandson Frederic. Unfortunately, in our time people die not only from old age and illness, but also from coincidences, accidents, murder and similar, less pleasant things. Yvonne died in 1934 from pneumonia, and Frederic died in a motorcycle accident in 1963.

Jeanne also survived the lawyer Francois Raffret, who made a deal with her to purchase the old woman’s property after her death. This was in 1965, when Zhanna was 90 years old and the lawyer was 47. Raffray agreed to pay Zhanna a certain amount every month. But he died before Jeanne, never living to receive the inheritance. At the time of his death, Raffray was 77 years old, and Jeanne survived him by two years, regularly receiving his widow's payments. All my long and rich life she lived in the provincial town of Arles in France.

Madame Kalman believes that the secret of her longevity is that she was quite spoiled in life and never worked. Her health was quite good, taking into account the fact that Zhanna smoked all her life, drank alcohol in moderate doses and never followed a diet. She liked spicy and vegetable foods, sweets and good wine. Not a day went by without chocolate, a glass at lunch and my favorite cigarettes. However, Zhanna retained her femininity into old age. I always tried to look elegant and took care of myself. Madame Calment died in a nursing home in Arles.

Surprisingly, the oldest people on the planet at their age are able to jump with a parachute (George Moise, 97 years old); work in medicine (Walter Watson, more than 100 years); becoming a father (Nanu Ram Jogi, 90); work as a yoga instructor (Betty Culmon, 83); give birth to children (Rajo Devi Lohan, 70 years old) - the age of these people is not indicated today, but at the time of their achievements. Some of them plan to live many more years and accomplish a lot. Well, we are very happy for them!

In Russia, life expectancy is also not so bad. Unfortunately, the oldest resident of Russia, Dagestani Magomed Labazanov, died in September 2012, before his 123rd birthday. His birth details have been fully established and verified. The long-lived Russian lived in the village of Staraya Serebryakovka. Even the name of the area is quite appropriate.

Other oldest people in Russia:

Sarhat Ibragimovna Rashidova, Azerbaijani by nationality - born in 1885 in the village of Verkhniy Zidyan (Dagestan), having lived 132 years, died in January 2007.
Zakurdaeva (Lavkina) Pelageya Osipovna– lived in Altai. Born in 1886 in the village of Novaya Barda. She lived in Uzbekistan for some time, but then returned to her homeland on her centennial. In March 2005, just shy of her 119th birthday, Pelageya Osipovna died from complications caused by the flu.
Afanasy Ivanovich Tarasov, a resident of Vladivostok, died in 2003 at the age of 116.

The oldest people living on Earth today:

Bess Cooper (USA) – born August 26, 1896
Jiroemon Kimura (Japan) – born April 19, 1897
Delma Collar (USA) – born October 31, 1897
Misawo Okawa (Japan) - born March 5, 1898
Marcel Narbonne (France) - born March 25, 1898.

The oldest person in history is Methuselah. His age, according to the Holy Scriptures, is 969 years old; he lived at the very beginning of human history. The very first man, Adam, lived 930 years according to biblical data. Gradually, people's life expectancy became shorter and shorter, and for many years people who have crossed the 90-year threshold have been considered centenarians.

Every person dreams of cheating time: prolonging youth, living a very long life. Exists whole list people who succeeded. Many of them were included in the Guinness Book of Records during their lifetime.

World statistics tell us that men live shorter lives than women. In this regard, it is also logical that the oldest person in the world is also a woman.

Born in 1875 in the south of France, in the city of Arles. Her parents also lived to be almost a hundred years old. However, these qualities were not passed on to her descendants. During her lifetime, she lost her daughter and grandson.

Jeanne-Louise in at a young age was acquainted with Vincent Van Gogh, who often visited her uncle's store. She later said that Van Gogh was quite unpleasant, rude person. She witnessed two World Wars and watched the construction of the Eiffel Tower. She passed away on August 4, 1997. At that time she was 122 years old.

After Kalman - also a woman. American Sarah Knaus was born in 1880. She lived to be 119 years old. There is practically no information about her life. What is known is that she died in 1990 in a nursing home.

The oldest person in the world (2012) is Bess Cooper. She was born in 1896 in the American state of Tennessee and was the third child. Having successfully completed school, she moved to the town of Betwin, where she worked as a teacher. At the age of 28 she got married. She is currently 116 years old. She has four children, twelve grandchildren, fifteen great-grandchildren and one great-great-grandchild.

The oldest male person in the world was born in Japan in 1897. His name is Jiroemon Kimura. He worked as a postman for about forty years. After retirement I started working agriculture. When he turned 90, his health deteriorated. Today he rarely goes outside. However, he does exercises every day and rides an exercise bike. Kimura likes to read newspapers. Receives guests, is interested in politics and sumo.

He was born in 1882 and died at the age of 115 in 1998. He was born in 1882 and died at the age of 115. Christian was born in Denmark. Among the documents that were preserved after the census of those years, there are those confirming the date of his birth, and even his baptism. When Christian turned 21, he moved to America. He changed jobs many times. He was married, but not for long. I never had children in my entire life. It is known that he did not smoke and preferred water to other drinks. At the age of 90, Mortensen independently moved to a nursing home, where he lived until the end of his days. At the end of his life, Christian lost his sight and could only move with the help of a gurney. After his death, no close relatives could be found. Apparently, by this time they were no longer alive. Today, the title of “Oldest Man in the World” no longer belongs to Christian Mortensen. Nevertheless, he is the only native of Denmark to live to such an age.

These facts make us believe that there are no limits to human capabilities. The maximum age of a person increases with each generation.

If a person can live to be a hundred years old, then he will easily fall into the category of “the oldest people in the world.” Surprisingly, not so few people lived to be 110 years old, and these statistics are taken from official sources. In this article we will look at the five oldest inhabitants of the planet, documented in Lately. It should be noted that all presented record holders are women.

Maria Esther de Capovilla

Fifth place in the category “oldest people on the planet” is occupied by an Ecuadorian centenarian who lived one hundred and sixteen years and 347 days. She was born in the distant autumn of 1889 and died in 2006. Tellingly, from the end of 2004 until her death, Maria was considered the oldest person. The woman lived almost her entire adult life in her native Ecuador. Married in 1917, Esther de Capovilla gave birth to five children, three of whom were alive at the date of their mother's death. In addition, she had two great-great-grandchildren, twenty great-grandchildren and twelve grandchildren.

Maria Louise Mailer

This French-Canadian record holder was included in the list of “oldest people in the world” with an indicator of one hundred seventeen years and 230 days.

She was the oldest inhabitant of the Earth from the end of the summer of 1997 to the beginning of the spring of 1998 (date of death). Marie Louise Mailer was born in 1880 and is still considered the oldest verified native and citizen of Canada.

Lucy Hannah

The top three is completed by another resident. North America, who outlived the previous nominee for the “oldest people in the world” rating by 18 days. This US citizen was born in the summer of 1875 and died in the spring of 1993. In addition to being the third on the planet, she is also the second longest living among Americans.

Sarah Knauss

The oldest American woman who has ever lived on Earth. She did not live to see her 120th birthday one year. Her record in the category “oldest people on the planet” is one hundred and nineteen years and 97 days. Throughout 1999 and most of 1998, Sarah Knauss was the oldest centenarian, and in the United States she still holds the top spot in the ranking, despite the fact that she died more than 14 years ago. By the way, her death occurred on December 30, so the elderly American woman did not have enough two days to celebrate the next New Year.

Zhanna Kalman

If all the previous oldest people in the world lived on two American continents, then first place is enough for a long time occupied by a European, in particular a French woman.

She was born in the cold February of 1875, and died in the summer of 1997 at the age of one hundred twenty-two years and 164 days. Even in her very advanced years, Zhanna lived an active life. For example, at 85 she went to study fencing, and at 100 she was riding a bicycle along the streets with might and main. hometown. The entire Kalman family was distinguished by longevity. So, her mother lived until she was 86 years old, and her father until she was 99. At 21, the centenarian got married and lived with her husband for 46 years. On her 120th birthday, she was officially recognized as the oldest inhabitant of the planet. On the day of the celebration, she was asked how she pictures the future, to which Zhanna answered - very short. By the way, not all of the woman’s offspring lived a long life. For example, the daughter died in 1934

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