Teacher and instructor: a huge difference? What is the difference between a physical education teacher and a physical education teacher? What is the difference between a teacher and a teacher.

The teaching profession stands apart from other activities. This work implies constant personal growth, self-education. Society is changing, children are becoming different - the teacher needs to keep up with them. What skills should he possess in order to be successful in modern social conditions? Is it realistic at this stage of development of the educational system of our country to create an effective model for diagnosing the level of work of a teacher? To answer this question, let us try to highlight a number of main directions of the modern teacher's activity.

Constructive direction.

The teacher must have the skills of a comprehensive planning of his activities on the basis of knowledge of management theory, psychological and didactic foundations of building the educational process; development of working curricula, thematic and lesson planning; creation and effective use of a system of diagnostics, control and assessment of knowledge, abilities, skills and methods of educational and cognitive activities of students.

The teacher is required not only to be able to create plans on paper to achieve the goals and objectives of the curriculum, but also to motivate students to learn. This is necessary, first of all, so that the subject of the educational process - the student - could be aware of the need to study a particular subject.

Even in the works of Soviet teachers of the second half of the twentieth century M.N. Skatkina, I. Ya. Lerner and L.Ya. Zorina spoke about the importance of this function, since only with its help it is possible to update the amount of information that makes up the base of academic subjects. Among the pedagogical technologies used now, the most widely constructive function is realized within the framework of the model of developing education by L.V. Zankova, V.V. Davydov and D.B. Elkonin, as well as in the model of open education.

Organizational direction.

It is important for a teacher to deeply know the psychology and the theory of organizational work and, on their basis, to build educational and cognitive activities so that he and the student are responsible for the successes and failures. In other words, the child should be encouraged to self-activity, and then corrected. But ideally, one should not evaluate his initiative, which is typical of the modern education system, when a student is motivated to study a particular volume of educational material only for the sake of a positive assessment. If a student resists, he receives public censure.

The teacher should direct the abilities of his pupil to improve the educational level, which is formed through the analysis of personal goals, desires and needs.

Communicative direction.

The teacher is required to organize the educational and educational process on the basis of cooperation pedagogy, as well as to create a favorable moral and psychological climate in the student collective, conducive to both the successful completion of the curriculum and the upbringing of the necessary moral and ethical qualities in children.

This function was mentioned in the scientific works of teachers for a long time, but it began to be used in teaching in full measure only in the systems of developmental education and open education. This direction is also important in the general management of the school. The level of the manager's relationship with administrative and pedagogical workers should motivate teachers to their own liberated realization within the team. It is precisely liberated, since only in a situation of success is a person able to realize himself to the fullest.

Information and training direction.

The transfer of knowledge from teacher to student is a mandatory function of the teacher in all pedagogical theories. But here, too, not everything is so simple. How much information to transfer to the student? Do you need to vary it depending on the needs and level of preparation of the student?

At present, it is high time for the Russian education system to move to the stage when the teacher will encourage the student to self-regulation, self-education, stimulate to creative realization, teach him to feel personal responsibility for the quality of his education. Depending on personal goals and priorities, the level of study of a particular subject is determined. And he is obliged to exceed the level of the state educational minimum.

Emotional corrective direction.

This is understood as the clear psychological work of the teacher. It is very important to create an atmosphere of success for them, which in most cases gives the student confidence and helps him move forward along the educational trajectory.

Control direction.

This aspect, like everyone else, is being revised. At present, it is impossible to assess a student only according to the template criteria for assessing control and credit works established by the curriculum.

The future is now in self-control. But what is it? Self-control of a student, joint summing up - this is something new that has appeared in the last decade, is being developed and is actively used in advanced teaching practice. But in order to achieve an effective implementation of this approach, it is necessary to revise the existing educational models.

The modern teacher today works in an education system open to new technologies. You cannot stay aside. But being proactive and open doesn't mean accepting all current trends. The school requires the teacher to take a deliberate step towards innovation, since the price of his decision is high. The teacher is a kind of creator, on whom the further life path of the student depends.

In the process of the transition of the modern education system to an "open track", it is worth revising the existing patterns in the distribution of pedagogical work in Russian schools. To fulfill this or that function in the educational process, the pedagogical worker must have a set of skills, a sufficient amount of time and have the conditions necessary for work.

One of the options for the distribution of functional responsibilities within pedagogical collectives may be the following model.

A teacher is an employee who has an hourly workload, who "reports" the amount of theoretical and practical lessons determined by the curriculum. In fact, this is the same hourly subject book, the function of which will be the high-quality transfer of basic educational knowledge to the student.

The teacher-teacher conducts daily lessons, monitors the quality of the assimilation of the material, arranges control and other tests in accordance with the calendar-thematic planning based on the approved curriculum.

A tutor is a teacher whose main responsibility should be to accompany students along a predetermined individual educational trajectory, which, if necessary, can be adjusted. This is a senior assistant, a mentor for students. In addition to performing methodological work (creating and adjusting individual curricula, monitoring the teaching of children, being present at classrooms with teachers), he must carry out an educational function within classrooms. Moreover, they can mean not only a class (25 people), but also a parallel or some combination of classes according to the profile, age of students and other categories.

In fact, the activity of a tutor is an extended version of the work of a class teacher, who, at the present time, with the existing rate of remuneration and additional workload, is not able to realize the volume of educational, methodological and educational functions, the implementation of which is so necessary for students at all stages of their development.

A teacher is a teacher-creator. The development of a mood for success, an interest in students to comprehend new educational heights, the creation of innovative curricula, approaches - these are the main directions of his work.

The teacher solves scientific and methodological problems, creates conditions for the formation of a creative atmosphere within the team. In the current conditions, he also has a modulating function of interaction with the student. Modulation is a natural, gradual change. The specialist does not just bring something new to school practice, but transforms it in accordance with the goals and objectives, and also manages this mobile process. The named function becomes necessary in a changing society in the process of managing the activities of a developing person. She suggests:

striving to become familiar with new approaches, strategies, models of learning and building the content of education;

changing the educational process in order to solve the identified problems with new means.

It is up to experiment, analysis and formulation of conclusions. The process of transition to a new distribution of labor, as well as the transition to a new system of remuneration, which has raised a storm of discussions, cannot be quick. Wait and see.

In the teaching profession, different concepts are used to designate its subjects - teacher, teacher, educator. In everyday speech, a sign of identity is most often placed between them. However, as educational professionals, we need to understand the exact scientific meaning of these terms. The broadest among them is the teacher. Any specialist working in the education system who exerts pedagogical influence on other people can be called a teacher. V.G. Onushkin and E.I. Ogarev give the following definition to this concept: “The teacher is a general term used to refer to persons engaged in various types of educational activities. According to their social status, teachers are divided into two types: a) professionals, that is, people who work for a fee and usually have special training; b) persons who actually perform teaching and educational functions, being specialists in other fields. Parents, all kinds of mentors, leaders of social groups, scientific schools, etc., whose experience and knowledge become the property of others, can be classified as informal teachers. ” Thus, a general education school teacher is a professional educator.

The term “teacher” has two meanings. “A teacher is a person who transfers to others the knowledge, skills and abilities he has mastered, the acquired life experience, his understanding of life and his attitude to it. In a narrower sense - the position of a teacher of one or more academic subjects in comprehensive school” ... As you have already noticed, those people who perform teaching functions at the university are not called teachers, they are teachers.

In a broad sense, the word "teacher" is usually used to respectfully address a person whose personality, lifestyle, is an example to follow. This is the name given to those who act out in the life of society, a small group of people or an individual concrete person, the role of a life standard, a model. In a broad sense A teacher is an authoritative, wise person who has great influence on people.

A person who has created his own directions, scientific and art schools in the fields of science, literature, and art is also called a teacher. This high title is rightfully carried, for example, by A.S. Pushkin, L.N. Tolstoy, F.M. Dostoevsky and other representatives of classical literature. K.S. Stanislavsky, V.I. Nemirovich-Danchenko, M.P. Chekhov are representatives of a special trend in the development of the theater. K. D. Ushinsky, P.F. Kapterev, P.I. Pirogov and others are representatives of scientific pedagogical schools. DI. Mendeleev is the founder of the scientific school in the field of chemistry, etc.

Ideally, the broad and narrow meanings of the word “teacher” in relation to those who carry out their professional pedagogical activities in a general education school should coincide. However, the ideal is rarely embodied in life. And although among teachers by position there are quite a few people who are authoritative and wise, Teachers in the broad sense of the word, nevertheless, this term is mainly used in pedagogical reality and in everyday life in its narrow meaning, that is, a teacher is called a subject teacher of a general education school, professionally performing its functions.

Functions[from lat. "Duty", "appointment"] teachers are diverse, however, four main ones can be distinguished among them: teaching, educational, developing, social and pedagogical. The teacher first of all teaches, that is, helps children to master knowledge, skills and abilities, methods of acquiring them, techniques and methods of educational work. The teaching activity of the teacher (teaching) is manifested in the organization of the explanation of the educational material, its consolidation and generalization, control, etc.

The organization of the educational process, the communication of the teacher with the students, the very personality of the teacher - all this contributes to the formation of certain personality traits of a growing person, the development of his individuality, abilities, thinking, views on the surrounding reality, worldview as a system of views and beliefs. This is how teachers implement educational and developmental functions.

It should be noted that, as a representative of the intelligentsia, a teacher never limits his professional activity only to an official framework. A teacher is an educator, promoter of knowledge (especially pedagogical) among the population, parents of students. Participation in numerous school activities, informal communication with pupils and their parents, management of extracurricular activities, performance of socially useful activities - this is the fulfillment social and educational function.

The concepts "teacher" and "educator" are closely related to each other, but not identical. The latter is also used in several meanings.

In a broad sense, an educator (as well as a teacher) is called any person., who is engaged in education as a process of personality formation [ TSB, 1974 ] ... Informal educators are parents, other close relatives and people who surround the child and have a pedagogical influence on him.

In a narrow, professional and pedagogical sense, an educator is an official who performs educational functions in educational institutions [TSB, 1974 ].

For example, in pre-revolutionary Russia, along with teachers in men's gymnasiums, they worked great mentors, in women - cool ladies, whose main functions were to control the behavior of high school students, to take care of their proper discipline. In military schools they were called cool overseers.

In families of privileged estates, tutors and governesses, bonnets, were engaged in raising children. Their duties did not include teaching, they had to be near the children, by their example and instructions to teach them good manners, behavior, organize games with them, take care of their health, etc.

In the USSR, full-time positions of educators, whose rights and duties are determined by special provisions in the Labor Law, were introduced in preschool institutions, orphanages, boarding schools and shelters, in extended day schools, in dormitories for students, Suvorov and Nakhimov schools, in correctional institutions for juvenile delinquents. This situation has continued today.

In general education schools and secondary specialized educational institutions, educational functions are performed by all teachers. For the organization and coordination of educational work in grades 4-12, class teachers. In the groups of secondary and higher educational institutions they are called curators, persons coordinating teaching and educational work with students.

The teacher, the class teacher is responsible for the education and training of schoolchildren. There should be a reservation here - the subject teacher is responsible for the quality of teaching in a particular subject, but the general positive attitude of the student to educational work must be formed by the class teacher. To a large extent, he is the creator of the emotional and intellectual background in the children's team, controls the attendance of pupils to lessons, forms in their minds a conscientious attitude towards educational work.

Recently, freed teachers have appeared in some schools. These school workers, as a rule, do not teach, do not engage in teaching activities.

The official duties of the class teacher, the released educator include responsibility and care for the health of children, their physical development. The teacher organizes the life and leisure of children in an educational institution, conducts a variety of cultural work, participates in the creation and functioning of children's public organizations.

Understanding the terms “teacher”, “teacher”, “educator” will help you realize an important position: someone who not only wants this, feels his pedagogical vocation, talent, but also supplements them with special pedagogical education, strives to master the profession of a teacher can become a good teacher , educator. A real teacher may not be the one who relies only on his pedagogical abilities, talent, or only on pedagogical education, pedagogical qualifications. The concepts we have considered are in close dialectical unity.

The learning process is based on the acquisition of certain theoretical knowledge and the acquisition of skills to use it in everyday life and professional activity. It is difficult to imagine the organization of this process without the participation of teachers and teachers, whose job is to provide students with the necessary information, as well as to control the quality of its assimilation. They perform such close functions that not many people see the difference between a teacher and a teacher. However, it exists and reflects specific professional goals.

Definition

Teacher- a specialty that is acquired by graduates of pedagogical institutes and secondary specialized educational institutions that train pedagogical personnel for work in the primary grades of a comprehensive school. Upon receiving a diploma, they become the main link in the educational system, which in modern conditions is focused on teaching schoolchildren to learn - to independently acquire the necessary knowledge.

Teacher- qualification of university graduates, less often - of academies, which entitles a person who has received an appropriate diploma to engage in scientific and teaching activities in the field of their specialization.

Comparison

First of all, in the fact that they have different tasks. For teachers, they consist in the need to develop teaching skills in junior schoolchildren and to provide middle and high school students with the opportunity to use them to assimilate the educational material provided for by state general education programs.

In teaching practice, specially developed pedagogical methods, technologies and techniques are used to achieve high efficiency of basic training. Its theoretical basis provides graduates with the prospect of studying in higher educational institutions, and the skills they have acquired to use information as a tool to improve their knowledge in one area or another make it easy to adapt to the system of higher education.

The task of the teacher is to provide students with the necessary scientific and methodological information on a specific subject in full and to organize control over the quality of its assimilation. It is not the responsibility of the teacher to teach students or cadets as they do at school. Instead of school methods, the teacher uses a lecture-credit system, in which the main work on the study of the subject is carried out by the students themselves. They use lectures as one of the sources, but must independently find about 80% of the information in order to master the course program, which is mandatory for passing the exam.

The purpose of the lesson that the teacher conducts in his subject is to teach, develop and educate. Education is an integral part of teaching. It consists in communicating with students, their parents, in constant contact with children's public organizations and government services dealing with the protection of the rights of the child.

The teacher does not deal with educational issues. The purpose of its activities is to inform, control, take part in research and scientific-methodological work.

The word “teacher” also has a broader meaning. A teacher is called a spiritual mentor, a person with special knowledge, the attainment of which is a long way of moral improvement. In this sense of the word, a teacher can also act as a teacher if his personality is so significant that it deserves admiration and respect from the students.

Conclusions site

1. Teacher - a qualification that is awarded to graduates of educational institutions with the status of a university or academy. The teacher is a pedagogical specialty.
2. The purpose of teaching is to provide scientific and methodological information. The teacher teaches students the subject and forms their skills for independent study.
3. The teacher is not involved in the education of students. The teacher fulfills the triune task of teaching, educating and developing the student's personality.
4. The teacher can take part in the research and scientific-methodical work of the educational institution. The teacher is engaged in practical work, although in it the organization and conduct of lessons can also be combined with the development of innovative teaching methods, innovative teaching and educational technologies and various scientific and methodological materials.
5. The teacher conducts a course of lectures, organizes practice and laboratory classes. The teacher works with students in lessons, the type of which is determined by the requirements of the school curriculum.

In the Russian language there are three words that are used as God puts it on the soul. This is a teacher, teacher and educator. The fact that these words mean something different is intuitively clear, but what exactly? And the holiday, which is "teacher's day", is it, teachers? teacher? teacher? Is it a holiday for school workers or college workers too? And the teacher, where does he work? Maybe in kindergarten? Or are these three words synonymous?

For a long time there was a desire to understand this issue myself and I began, of course, with dictionaries.

Teacher- UCH "ITEL", many teachers and (book) teachers, male 1. (teachers are outdated.) A person who teaches a subject in a lower and secondary school, teacher , school worker.

Teacher- TEACHING ATEL, husband. A person who is professionally engaged in teaching something, mainly in educational institutions. teaching in higher educational institutions, subjects that do not require special academic qualifications and do not have an academic title.

Educator- (from the Greek paidagogos - educator) - 1) a person who conducts practical work on the upbringing, education and training of children and youth and has special training in this area (a teacher of a comprehensive school, teacher vocational school, secondary specialized educational institution, kindergarten teacher, etc.). 2) A scientist who develops theoretical problems of pedagogy

Oh, this polysemantic Russian language! It seems that such a contemplative Emelyna laziness inherent in Russians manifested itself in the language. Why call different objects and phenomena with different words if you are too lazy to come up with a new word? Or is the problem here that the teacher, the teacher, and the teacher are doing (or should be doing) the same thing?

Although the quote is set in a philosophical mood and speaks of the Teacher with a capital letter and his difference from the teacher, it seems to me that the essence is grasped correctly. The teacher teaches not only his subject, but life in general, including through the prism of his subject, and the teacher simply transfers his knowledge on a specific issue. The teacher does not impose his own perception of the world, but helps to form his own, to reveal himself to the world in some issues, and in some to close, to protect himself from the world. For the teacher, your inner world does not matter, here they are - knowledge, if you want - take it, if you don't want it - as you want. So it turns out that the "Teacher" is a rare beast and may or may not meet on the path of life in kindergarten, school, technical school, and institute, and at work, and on a bench near the house. , and in the next entrance. And age, education, regalia, diplomas in this case do not play a role. And this means that a teacher in this sense can be a kindergarten, school or institute worker. Well, a school student, accordingly, may not be a teacher, but a teacher.

But this is such an everyday, unprofessional philosophy. In a practical sense, there is still some difference. To become a school teacher, you need to get a special education, in which, in addition to narrow professional issues in your discipline, for example, biology, they teach a lot more: pedagogy, psychology, methodology for presenting material. The school teacher will be strictly required to have a lesson plan, dialogue with the class, dividing the lesson into parts (introduction, conclusion, control of knowledge, and much more). And to use technical and visual means. And so that the student was interested. And so that the field of the board is used correctly during the notes. And much, much more.

In principle, all this is not required to become a teacher at the institute. Received some professional diploma (engineer, economist, programmer) and in search of work wandered into a university where there is not enough staff. If you know your subject for "five", or better - for "eight", if you are not tongue-tied, if you know how to explain the incomprehensible, if you are not afraid to speak in front of people, then you can try yourself as a teacher. Starting to work, you will be listed as a teacher according to your work book, but due to the lack of experience and the very teacher's special knowledge and skills, you will not become one right away. Or you won't. I know amazing specialists in our city who know their profession not by "eight", but by all "fifteen", but cannot teach. And if they try, then this is torment for both the students and the teacher. Although I know those who have a C in their discipline, he brings his students to this very solid C with a playfully confident hand.

As for the profession of a teacher, I do not really agree with the dictionary. An educator is really an educator, but who was specially trained to be an educator. There are, of course, teachers by vocation, but in this case, the theoretical background would not hurt. So a teacher, as a profession, is, most likely, an educator in a nursery school, a kindergarten, an educator (namely, an educator) in a boarding school, college. That is, where it still makes sense to educate and hope for a result. And in all other cases, it is an honorable addition to the profession of a teacher or teacher, which can be appropriated either publicly or secretly by the students themselves, or their parents, or unenviable colleagues.

So bow to school teachers and teachers and sincere congratulations on Teacher's Day, which, in accordance with the above, is not my holiday, alas.

Have you noticed that teachers working in higher educational institutions are offended if they hear the word “teacher” addressed to them? A person who is far from the educational system often does not understand what is the difference between a teacher and a teacher? But we hasten to assure you that these concepts, although similar, are not identical. What is the difference between a teacher and a teacher and what are the differences in their professional duties, we will describe below.

Who is a teacher?

For many, these are synonymous words, as they are used to define workers in the educational sphere. But if you look deeper into their essence, the difference becomes obvious. Teacher and lecturer - different positions in educational institutions of different levels. These specialists have various professional requirements, including a different level of training. But first, let's find out the meaning of the most general concept - "teacher".

The word "teacher" came into our language from ancient Greek and literally translates as "leading boy". The fact is that in Ancient Hellas, a slave was called a teacher who “led”, taught and accompanied boys through life from the age of 6.

Modern pedagogy is the science of education and training of a person.

Accordingly, a teacher today is a person who has an appropriate pedagogical education and has the skills necessary to carry out professional activities in the upbringing, training and education of other people.

Also, a teacher, according to the encyclopedic dictionary, is a person who is engaged in the scientific study of the problems of pedagogical theory and practice.

As you can see, “teacher” is a collective meaning applied to all employees in the educational sphere.

Now let's figure out how the teacher differs from the teacher.

Definition of the concept of "teacher"

A teacher is a specialist who graduated from a pedagogical university and began to perform professional duties in educational institutions of primary, basic general and secondary general education.

The teacher is engaged in the education and training of the younger generation. This is a responsible profession, to whose representatives the society has enormous demands. This is due to the fact that the teacher is a role model, a person who significantly influences the process of socialization and formation of the child's personality. V.A., Sukhomlinsky put it this way about this profession:

The teacher is the sculptor of human souls.

Many people think that teaching is not a profession, but a vocation. After all, not every graduate of a pedagogical university is able to sleep as a truly "Teacher" with a capital letter.

Job responsibilities

The main functional responsibilities of a teacher are the following provisions:

• In his work, he reports directly to the director of the educational institution and his deputies.
• Pedagogical activity is carried out in accordance with the basic laws of the state.
• The teacher teaches and brings up children in accordance with state educational standards.
• The duties also include promoting the socialization of pupils, a positive impact on the formation of their personality, the formation of a common culture and universal values ​​in children.
• The teacher must create conditions for ensuring the safety of life of students during the EPP.

Definition of the concept of "teacher"

A teacher is a person who has a higher pedagogical education, often a scientific degree, and teaches subjects in secondary specialized or higher educational institutions.

The essence of the teacher's work

In their professional activities, teachers deal with an older contingent of students. Therefore, the duties of such a specialist do not include teaching the subject as such. His job is teaching, presenting material to students. According to developmental psychology, a feature of adolescence is the prefix "self-" to the verbs - self-study, self-development, self-education. Therefore, most of the knowledge that such a specialist teaches in his classes, students must learn on their own.

In addition to teaching, the duties of a teacher, according to the Federal Law "On Higher and Postgraduate Professional Education", include the mandatory implementation of scientific activities and the introduction of students to it. This is another feature that distinguishes a teacher from a teacher. Scientific activities include:

• conducting lectures, practical and seminars;
• development of educational programs;
• preparation of teaching aids and methodological recommendations;
• scientific research;
• participation in scientific and scientific-practical conferences, seminars, etc.

For the sake of fairness, it should be noted that teachers are often involved in scientific activity. Especially today, when new educational standards have come into force, requiring children to be introduced to independence and partial search activity from a very early age.

It is not uncommon to meet a university teacher at school. Due to low wages, teachers often combine work in different educational institutions. But it is worth remembering that when coming to school, the teacher must take into account the methods, techniques and technologies of teaching and upbringing that are typical for school teachers. Since the specificity of general education schools and their students differs significantly from secondary specialized and higher educational institutions.

Conclusion

So what is the difference between a teacher and a teacher? A teacher and a teacher are teachers working in educational institutions of different levels. However, there is a significant difference between them. The peculiarity of the teacher is that he teaches, "hammers in", educates. Teacher - teaches his subject, shares knowledge with students, while doing scientific work. It's pretty simple.

We hope you have received an answer to the question "What is the difference between a teacher and a teacher."