Cap, suvel. preparation, drying, properties

Cap, suvel. Harvesting, drying, properties.

The author of this material is a great specialist in the artistic processing of wood (and not only wood), already familiar to us from Sergei from the Moscow region. Today Sergey will reveal a secret to readers quick drying so rare and interesting materials, like cap and suvel. The information is very rare and useful. Reading...

So first, let's define some concepts.
KAP - (aka witch's broom) is a benign formation on a tree, which is a bunch of thin branches growing from a teardrop-shaped (most often) growth. When viewed cross-section, it has a texture with pronounced knot cores. It is difficult to process due to its highly curled texture and a huge number of knots. Extremely beautiful, durable, perfectly sanded and polished.
Numerous individual areas have a pearlescent tint. It has no great industrial significance, but is highly valued because of its beauty. If it is used in industry, it is only in the form of veneer for finishing furniture (burls from exotic tree species are mainly used), as well as the production of small products such as boxes, cigarette cases, women's hairpins, and small jewelry (birch burls). Use on knife handles is considered good taste, and is also valued by wood carvers for its unique texture.
It is impossible to find two identical pieces of burl; even the halves of a sawn burl have different patterns, the build-up is so heterogeneous. It grows on many trees (linden, alder, birch, maple, oak, etc.), but the most valuable and beautiful is birch (of those growing in our latitudes). The growth is usually small, maximum the size of a volleyball ball or the size of a large plate.
There is no point in cutting any pattern on the burl, since the texture clogs everything up.
The photo shows a birch burl. Unfortunately, I couldn’t get a cut of a birch burl (I took these pictures near my native police station and, as you understand, they wouldn’t let me cut anything down there... But I contrived and found an ash burl; most of the burls are similar in texture and only differ color and size of the knots' cores.

SUVEL - (aka svil) As is clear from the name, the growth received its name because of its structure (twisted structure, that’s putting it mildly). Suvel is a drop-shaped or spherical growth on a tree (there is also a ring variety that covers the tree trunk around the perimeter), usually grows 2-3 times faster than the tree itself. When cut, it has a texture similar in pattern to marble and mother-of-pearl (this is the main sign of difference from KAPA; in the future, do not confuse suvel and burl).
The presence of mother-of-pearl stains on polished wood creates a beautiful shimmering picture that glows from within. Svil is also poorly processed, like burl, but not as hard. The size varies from a nut to 1.5 meters in height (I myself saw one on a birch) and up to 2 meters in diameter (a ring-shaped suvel that completely covered the tree trunk). The font in the Vatican is worth a lot more than a meter in diameter, cut from a single piece of suveli. I myself was once sitting in a chair carved from suveli. It holds fine threads perfectly, but cutting suvel is not recommended. It is better to sand and varnish (impregnate with oil). The product will only benefit from this.
The most valuable is the root or butt fork. The presence of dark veins and clearly defined twisted annual rings. This is a fairytale. BEAUTIFUL, that says it all. Barrel suvel has a finer texture and a more subtle “frosty” pattern. And lighter wood. In terms of strength, butt suvel is slightly superior to trunk suvel due to the structure of the tree trunk. Suvel is durable, beautiful, easy to polish and sand. Well-dried and treated, it begins to “glow” from the inside (with proper impregnation with oils, the wood becomes like amber and even a little transparent). Usually has a color from soft yellow to pinkish-brown to completely ocher-brown. It all depends on the conditions and drying time. The cap has the same colors.
Photos:

As you can see, the cap is not at all similar to suvel.

CHAGA is a mushroom (not to be confused with the tinder fungus!!!) and we do not need it for our purposes.

So, how to dry it. I’ll say right away that the “steaming” method is suitable for small pieces of wood. About half the size of a football or a small log.

1. We cut off the growth. We do this with a sharp saw. Otherwise, you will get tired of sawing, and the tree will begin to become shaggy. We do not peel off the bark. Don't forget to cover the cut on the wood with oil paint or wax or something similar.

IT IS PREFERABLE TO CUTT OUT THE GROWTH DURING THE DRY TIME OF THE YEAR, IDEAL AT THE END OF AUGUST, THE BEGINNING OF SEPTEMBER, BEFORE THE COMMONATION STARTS.

2. Take an unnecessary pan (bucket) and throw a piece of wood there. The pan is unnecessary, since during the cooking process a very tricky broth is formed which is then very troublesome to wash off. It is better to clean the wood of any rags of birch bark and other fragile and dangling pieces. they will still fall off.
I consider birch growth as the most accessible and beautiful; the rest of the growths are cooked using the same technology. The log is accordingly cleaned of any debris and fragile particles. Pour water. It is convenient to do this with a faceted glass (it contains 250 ml). The water should cover the piece of wood by about a centimeter or two. The tree naturally floats up, but let’s press it to the bottom and we’ll see everything. It doesn’t matter what kind of water you pour, cold or hot, it will still boil. You can throw a piece of wood into a saucepan as much as you like; what is important is the volume of an individual piece of wood and not the total volume of wood.

3. Take table salt, which one is not a pity. We're not making soup. For a liter of water, pour 2 large tablespoons of salt (who will count glasses of water??? Eh?). You can do more, as much as you like, it’s okay, it’s impossible to overdo it.
The main thing is that the water is sickly salty. You can use clean sea water (precisely clean, otherwise it will smell disgusting of mud).
The salt will draw sap from the tree, but will not saturate the tree.

4. Find sawdust of resinous wood. Spruce and pine are the easiest to get. Take a saw and go ahead. We need two powerful handfuls of sawdust (raking the sawdust with both hands). Precisely sawdust, not shavings from a simple hand plane.
The shavings will come from an electric planer (you can get them at the nearest sawmill or plan them yourself). I always use them. They are quite small and are usually plentiful and easy to obtain. The more resin in the sawdust, the better. And the finer the sawdust, the better. Pour into a saucepan. You could have taken a bigger saucepan! Sawdust will give the suveli a pleasant ocher color. From soft pink-yellow to ocher-brown. Resins will also add strength to the wood and reveal texture.

5. When the water boils, reduce the heat and leave it simmering for 6-8 hours, longer if you have the patience.
If the saucepan is large, then you don’t have to turn down the flame, let the water boil and bubble. But you need to watch so that the water does not boil away completely. Salt, sawdust, temperature and time will do their job. Add water as needed. During the cooking process, a red “broth” is formed. And scale. It is better to remove scale immediately. It is very difficult to wash off.

6. 6-8 hours have passed (depending on the size of the piece of wood). We take out the piece of wood. We rinse under running water to remove sawdust. We dump the water from the pan as unnecessary, but you can leave it for next time if you have somewhere to store it. But it's easier to pour out the water. We throw the growth onto the cabinet, wrapping it in nothing. Let it cool for a day or two.

7 We repeat the cooking and drying process 2-4 times depending on the volume of the wood.
To speed up the process, you can use a pressure cooker. The time is reduced to 4-6 hours.

8. During the last cooking, you need to quickly peel off the bark while the tree is hot. Although she herself should fall off by this time. Carefully!!! Hot!!! use gloves!

9. We throw it on the closet for a week or two. The tree is basically already dry, but let the remaining moisture go away.
The tree will “get used” to the atmosphere. After final drying, the wood will become bone-like and can be cut, sawed, or sanded. There will be no foreign smell. It will only smell like wood.

10. In the process of accelerated drying of wood, it must be remembered that small cracks may appear, and therefore it is necessary to allow allowance for their removal in subsequent processing.

11. Where to look for growths... Naturally in the forest. BUT! certain places there is no growth, they grow spontaneously, and the biggest and most beautiful growths will be found by the most big-eyed and persistent. This activity is akin to mushroom hunting; whoever ran around the forest further and further got more.
Look like that's it. I remind you once again that big pieces You can't dry it like that. Cracked. Necessarily. Verified.

12. After the wood has finally gotten used to the atmosphere, you can start working with the workpiece. It is advisable to soak the suvel and cap with oil, and if desired, with wax too. The wood will reveal its texture, it will “play,” as they say, and all its inner beauty will appear.

If you have any questions or any clarifications about the technology described above, I will answer to the best of my ability.

I’ll end with this, your Serjant.

Burl bowl

In folk crafts and decorative arts, materials obtained from wood are widely used. Linden, aspen, birch, alder, willow - these trees provide wood for crafts and/or twig and bast for weaving. If the material is unusual and rare, then it brings the craft to new level- a valuable commodity or even a work of art that deserves more than local history museum. Among these are burl (growth), a defect in the development of trees different breeds. In terms of physical and aesthetic properties, the processed burl (birch burl is used most often) can compete with valuable species wood that is not harvested from us, stone, bone. It is hard, durable, dense, with a characteristic fine structure, which is not difficult to emphasize and enhance natural methods finishing and coloring in products made from birch burls and other species.

Burls are classified as growths on trees, local thickenings on branches, trunk, and roots. It is formed by highly deformed, twisted wood with many dormant buds. The interweaving of annual layers, the pattern of bud eyes and rings forms the visible structure of the wood. And the buds themselves, on and under the surface, form a complex texture, similar to a frozen picture of drops and splashes. The products use both qualities, structure and texture.

Of the wood growths, suvel is close to kapu. In it, the wood also forms a complex, but less tortuous pattern and there is no abundance of buds characteristic of burl. Young shoots often grow from the buds on the burl of a living tree. This is not typical for Suveli. The growths can take the form of local and encircling thickenings. They are found both on the visible part of the plant and underground, where the burl is as covered with bark as the trunk of a normal tree. Fresh shoots from “awakened” buds growing from under the ground near the parent tree allow you to find an underground burl (cap root).

Burl growth without special treatment as interior decoration

Burl is a developmental defect in wood. It is difficult to identify a general or sole reason for its appearance. Most likely, burl formation is a complex response of a growing tree to external influences, probably associated with mutations. An indirect confirmation of this is the presence of multiple burls on the affected tree and its absence on neighboring ones. Possibly triggers a growth (leads to a response protective activity tree) local damage to the plant, disease. Burl is greater on grafted trees and trees with heavy pruning. There are mentions that walnut plantings with grafted trees served as a rich source of valuable burl material. For improvement " psychological portrait"burl uses the concept of a stronger, recovered and immune parent for the tree material. This shifts the emphasis from the growth - disease, to the burl - evidence of the natural growth and “hardening” of the tree. Since the burl is rare, and it is very labor-intensive to conduct a laboratory experiment on the development of the burl, it is unlikely that such a concept has reliable factual foundations.

The burl manifests itself in the irregular formation of wood and bast from the cambium and the abnormal development of adventitious buds. During natural, healthy growth, the cambium forms a new growth layer and phloem. In the burl, the directions of wood growth are not oriented, the wood layers are bent and wrinkled. The birth of adventitious plants and the presence of dormant buds waiting in the wings are a normal consequence of tree growth. Superficial dormant buds can normally develop into shoots. Some end up in the thickness of the tree and, upon awakening, form local thickenings on the trunk. In the case of a burl, the process of bud generation and development is extremely active (by the standards of a tree's life). The buds deform the wood in the thickness of the burl and form a pimply surface.

Wooden clock mechanism in a burl case

Burl is found on many types of trees, most often on deciduous ones. Small burls (burl tops) are cut down from living trees, followed by sealing the cut (garden pitch, clay) to preserve the tree. The growths are also collected during logging. In the past, the production of capo-root products was carried out by cooperatives. Teams of searchers and sawyers were sent into the forest to collect material. In Russia, Vyatka is famous for its burl crafts. In the forests of the Kirov region birch burl was harvested en masse, and the artels employed several hundred people. In mass procurement, the material was usually slowly dried, then sawed into more or less standard blanks, then turned into small-scale products (mainly box-type - boxes, cigarette cases, boxes for board games etc.). At the final stage, the burl was polished, soaked in oil and varnished. If decorative cutting was intended, the burl was first prepared (boiled, steamed), after which it was cut “like a turnip.”

Burl growth on a birch

Dry material is strong and hard, strongly curled, and it is more difficult and difficult to process than healthy wood. It does not delaminate or split. Since burl is more difficult to obtain than regular wood, it costs more. That’s why they handle burl raw materials more carefully. Although the isotropic, twisted structure of the wood prevents splitting when drying out, fresh burl tops must be dried properly. The workpiece is dried under natural conditions to an air-dry state, the bark is not removed, and the cut is covered with a layer of a substance that prevents rapid drying. For small burl growths, accelerated preparation of raw materials is also used by boiling them (steaming) in water with the addition of salt and shavings. Usually, after prolonged repeated boiling, the bark is easily separated from the cut, and the material itself becomes soft enough for cutting. To protect and finish the finished craft, it is coated with oil, wax, and natural varnishes.

Burls are used to make boxes, caskets, handles of canes and knives, and jewelry. Cap large sizes with a smaller proportion of textured surface, it is sawn into smaller workpieces. After finishing (painting, polishing), they can be used independently as tabletops, home decoration elements, and also as a material for finishing the surface of furniture. Typically, larger growths also have a larger texture. Therefore, for small forms, small burls with a fine pattern, collected from the branches and trunk, are especially valuable.

A burl is also called a “witch’s broom” - it is a small formation on a tree of a benign nature. Basically it has the form of a drop from which thin branches grow, collected in a bunch. In the cross section, you can observe a structure of striking knots. Processing the burl is not easy, although it can still be ground and polished. The result of the work has a very attractive appearance.

Some areas of birch burl may have a mother-of-pearl appearance. In industry it is not of particular value, but is quite expensive due to its beauty and uniqueness.

Sometimes burl can be used as a veneer for finishing furniture, but most often it is burl exotic trees. But birch burl is used to make beautiful boxes, small women’s jewelry or hairpins, and cigarette cases.

Birch burl has a high-quality texture, so a knife with a wooden handle is very beautiful and expensive.

It is impossible to find two identical burls in nature; even the halves differ from each other. They can be seen on many different trees. In our latitudes, birch burl is highly valued. It does not grow large, the maximum diameter is like that of a large plate.

Due to the dense texture, it is difficult to make any design on the mouth guard, and there is no point.

So that the birch burl can be used for its intended purpose in the future, it is very important to assemble it correctly. To do this, we will provide you with detailed instructions:

Correct processing of birch burl

Very often, when sawing a burl, a unique and inimitable pattern is formed that the master will not want to change. In other cases, the burl after sawing is processed:

• Large burls are almost always sawn, since several items can be made from it at once. The burl is divided into several plates, the thickness of each depends on how the item is planned to be made.
• In order to get an excellent drawing in the future, you should think about the cutting angle in advance. The more sleepers there are on the cut, the better.
• When the burl is fresh, the pattern appears weakly, but sawing is much easier.
• That the drawing appeared in full beauty, before making the item, the cap should be thoroughly steamed.
• You can steam the burl at home; fine sawdust is suitable for this. To carry out the procedure, take a container of the required size (it is recommended to use an old pan, since the dyes that will appear cannot be washed off). The sawdust is spread in a generous layer on the bottom, and a drip is placed on top. You cannot lay them tightly; there must be a gap of at least 0.5 centimeters. Sawdust is sprinkled on top in a thin layer.
• The placed cap is poured into a saucepan with well-salted water (mostly the bottom layer). The water should not completely cover the workpieces, but only touch them a little. Salt is taken at the rate of 1 tbsp. l. for 1 liter of water. If it’s a little more, it doesn’t matter.
• The prepared cap is covered with a lid and placed on low heat. As soon as the mixture boils, count for about 10 hours and allow the burl to steam well. To avoid troubles, look into the container every hour and add water if necessary.
• After a while, remove the container from the heat and leave to cool.
• After cooling, the workpieces are washed under running water and left to dry. To ensure they dry evenly, they should be turned over every few hours. The drying period lasts about 3-4 days.
• When the workpieces are completely dry, they are again steamed according to the above scheme and dried again. The procedure is repeated up to three times.
• If after steaming the bark does not fall off completely, it is carefully removed by hand.
• It is preferable to carry out the drying procedure outside. The first day they are turned over quite often, on the third day 1-2 times will be enough.
• It’s great if it is possible to carry out final drying in a special oven several times.
• If the drip is very large (larger than a basketball), this type of treatment will not work. The drying or steaming process may cause cracks and other damage.
• Boiled as basically divided into parts. Whole growths on birch are treated as common tree– by sanding and varnishing.
• When evaporated, the burl plates acquire the shade of the released components; it can be very diverse (yellow with a golden tint, brown, etc.).
• After treatment, subsequent procedures can be carried out, for example, varnishing or painting.
• Before varnishing, the surface is sanded well using coarse sandpaper, then fine sandpaper. Wood dust is wiped off with a soft cloth.
• The design will appear in all its glory if the tray is treated with wax.

In fact, working with a burl is very painstaking, requiring attention and a lot of time. But what comes out of the work is certainly pleasing. Birch burl makes excellent souvenirs that have an individual and unique design.

Cap- a growth on a tree with an abnormal wood structure, formed by the local growth of many densely seated accessory dormant buds. Sometimes a few of these hundreds and thousands of undeveloped buds germinate and sprout.

Burl on a tree - ash

The ancient Slavic word “kap” means “head”: usually the growth actually has a rounded shape. Other Old Russian names: bolona, ​​howl, vyplavok, swim, float, howl, paport, roll, goiter, svil, brush. In some sources, burls are also called “witch’s broom” or “whirlwind’s nest,” which is not entirely correct, since these names denote a completely different tree pathology.

Burl forms on all deciduous (mostly) and coniferous trees. In Russian latitudes it can be found on birch, poplar, maple, linden, aspen, oak, ash, elm, and walnut.
The dimensions of the burl vary from several centimeters to several meters in cross-section. It takes decades, or even more than half a century, to form a medium-sized growth.
Cap - enough a rare event, and find at least one copy in the forest - great luck. However, there are trees with several or even many growths. As well as places with a concentration of burl trees.

Burls on a tree - birch

Typically, trays are divided into stem and root.
A trunk burl forms on thick branches or a trunk and can be lateral (develop on one side, most often the south) or circular (grasp a branch or trunk in a ring).
A basal growth - cap root - is formed on the root collar or roots of a tree. In the first case it is above the ground, in the second it is completely hidden and can be detected in the spring by young shoots near the main trunk of the tree, which quickly die.
A tree can have different types of burls at the same time.

If you remove the bark from the burl, then underneath it an uneven, textured surface will be revealed, completely covered with needle-shaped, jagged and pineal-shaped tubercles - these are undeveloped buds.

Around each dormant bud there is already a rudimentary ring structure.

Dormant buds

→ Tree protection - antiseptik.info

Why does a cap appear?

Researchers have not reached a consensus regarding the reasons for the formation of growths.
The most natural explanation is that the emerging adventitious bud cannot grow through the thick and hard bark and freezes. However, the growth processes that have begun are accompanied by an influx to this place nutrients and the production of plant hormones, so new buds begin to form nearby, which also become dormant, and so on.

Opponents insist that there is an impact here external factors natural or anthropogenic. In particular, mechanical damage to the cortex (animals, birds, people, extreme elements, etc.) at the site of a dormant bud. This assumption is confirmed by the fact that on plantations walnut, where it is actively used vegetative propagation grafting (which is actually an injury), a root cap often develops on the rootstock below the grafting site. When the fruiting period of the nut expires, the tree is dug up along with the burl, which by that time has grown to a respectable size, and sold as a secondary product.

According to other versions, the formation of burls can be caused by fungi, bacteria, viruses, insects, weather anomalies (such as sudden spring frosts), changes in ecology and background radiation, special mineral composition of the soil, geological faults, and groundwater.

According to the conclusions of Soviet scientists, the formation of burls is biologically beneficial for trees, protective property, acquired in the process of evolution in response to not favorable conditions external environment. Moreover, this is a genetically fixed (hereditary) quality. In the Moscow region and Kirov region, successful attempts were made to cultivate trees with growths using planting material from burl birches (seeds and cuttings for scion). It was noted that such trees are more viable and hardy.

The heterogeneous structure of the burl gives a unique, highly decorative pattern in a tangential section: dark dots are the cores of dormant buds, winding areas are elongated and twisted annual layers. In a radial section, light and dark rays are distinguishable.
The wide palette of burl colors includes various shades of milky, brown, green, and pink. The color depends on the type of tree, its growing conditions, and the location of the thickening.
The texture of the stem growth is richer than that of the burl, and the burl of valuable and exotic tree species is more expressive compared to ordinary ones.
On a fresh cut, the texture is weakly expressed; to reveal it, the grain is subjected to grinding, toning and polishing. As a result, a picturesque pattern and multicolor appear, a muted shine and shimmer in the light appear.
The burl pattern is often compared to malachite and marble. The comparison with stone is also apt because the growth is characterized by increased density and hardness and is heavier than the parent wood.

Birch burl texture

Burl is used in its entirety to create artistic products, and in veneer for finishing exclusive items and furniture. Burls of thuja, myrtle, camphor and some other trees retain their characteristic aroma even after processing.

If, while walking through the forest, you notice a growth on a birch tree, what is this phenomenon called and how can it be used, experts in wood carving will definitely tell you. They know exactly how to distinguish a mushroom from a high-quality decorative material. If you don’t have such acquaintances, then by delving a little deeper into this topic, you can easily distinguish between them on your own.

What causes a growth on a birch tree?

The reasons for the appearance of a growth on a birch tree are different depending on the nature of this growth:

• In the case where the nature of the growth is due to infection of the plant, the cause may be spores of fungi or harmful bacteria;
• Appearance mouth guards (cap) is due to the fact that a bud with a new branch cannot break through the thick bark, however, the processes that begin in the tree trunk in connection with growth contribute to the delivery of nutrients instead of the birth of a bud. Accordingly, favorable conditions are created there and more and more buds appear, which also cannot be born;
• The cause of the appearance of a growth on the trunk of a plant can also be a fungus or mechanical damage to the trunk.

Thus, the most dangerous for birch are various fungal pathogens. They provoke a large number of tree diseases, including growths. But besides this, they can cause damage to bark and leaves. Much less often, the causes of diseases are bacteria and even less often, pathologies in the development of the tree itself.

However, we must remember that external causes, such as damage to trunks or contaminated environment make them the most vulnerable. Therefore, it is within our power to take care of nature:

1. Reduce emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere;
2. Do not hammer nails into trees when relaxing in nature;
3. Do not strip living bark from the trunk for crafts;
4. Do not injure or damage the trunk.

Perhaps this way we can help the trees not get sick.

What is chaga?

If you've noticed a growth on a tree trunk, you're probably wondering what it is. In the case when the outside growths are black and irregular shape, and the color of the inside is from brown to red, most likely it is a birch mushroom - chaga.

It is able to settle on deciduous trees, for example:

1. Rowan;
2. Alder;
3. Maple;
4. Birch.

As a result of a pathogenic fungus entering the affected area of ​​the bark, chaga begins to develop in the trunk of the plant. It looks like a comb-like growth with veins inside. Gradually it absorbs the tree and penetrates deeper into the trunk. It happens that chaga encircles a tree in a circle. As a result, it dies.

Chaga grows for at least twenty years and at the same time feeds on birch sap and beneficial substances found in the wood.

Unfortunately, such fungi often infect birch groves and deciduous forests en masse. However, in folk medicine they are highly valued. Based on them, decoctions, inhalants and other dosage forms are made.

They help well in the treatment of various diseases:

• Oncology;
• Women's and men's diseases;
• With weakened immunity;
• Problems with joints.

However, before you start collecting tree mushrooms, read the contraindications.

What is a cap?

Burl is another type of growth on a tree. He is a bunch of unblown branches and buds under a layer of bark.

Small branches can grow from the natural thorns on the body of the burl, which is why it is popularly called the “witch’s broom.”

Most often, such cortical lesions can be found on:

• Berezakh;
• Dubach;
• Osinakh;
• Nuts.

Such formations can appear on a tree as a result of a failure in its development. This may be affected by natural conditions, and harm caused from outside. Sometimes like this tree disease is inherited.

Mouth guards are extremely rare. In order to find it, it is necessary to examine up to several thousand trees.

So it is a piece of modified wood. Craftsmen use it to produce various wood crafts due to the beautiful natural colors of the insides. It should be noted that burl is much stronger than the wood of the tree on which it grows.

Chaga and kapa: differences

Having become acquainted with two types of growths on trees, you can easily see their difference:

1. The cause of the fungus is a sterile, that is, sterile spore that lands on an injured plant, while the drip is the result of improper development of the tree itself;
2. The mushroom has the appropriate structure, and the burl consists of wood;
3. The mushroom has medicinal properties, burl is used for decorative purposes and is a valuable item for wood carvers;
4. Chaga ultimately inevitably leads to the death of the plant, and with a burl the plant can live for a long time, since such a growth, although painful for the birch, is not an infectious disease;
5. Chaga can be treated, but the cap can only be cut off;
6. Chaga is quite common, but cap is a rare sight;

Thus, the difference between these two types of growths on birch is quite large. And now you can easily distinguish them.

What is suvel?

Suvel is another type of woody growth. It is considered trunk cancer and represents numerous shifts in different directions of the annual rings of the tree. It looks like a spherical growth on the trunk of the same structure as the plant itself and is covered with bark. It grows quite quickly and can reach enormous sizes.

The cause of such a tree disease may be a strong blow to the tree, its damage or fungus. Scientists have not reached a general conclusion on this issue. At the same time, it can be found on birch trees much more often than, for example, burl.

In terms of density, suvel is inferior to burl, although it is often called wood bone. This name is associated with its cross-sectional appearance.

When cut down, the inner part of the growth shimmers with a delicate gloss and has a beautiful mysterious pattern of annual rings. The color scheme and pattern are not similar to each other. For these properties, cabinetmakers love souvel no less than burl.

Such a formation can be made artificially by pulling the tree trunk with wire. After some time, you will see a new growth on the trunk. But remember, even if a tree is capable of living with such a pathology, any growths are a disease for him. And after you cut down the growth, it will become much more susceptible to the influence of bacteria and fungi.

Thus, one of the tree diseases is growth on birch. What is the name of this or that formation can be determined by how appearance, and along the insides on the cut. In this case, the normal development of the tree is in any case already disrupted, which can lead to additional infection or death.

Video: birch growths - burl and suvel

In this video, dendrologist Leonid Lozhkin will show what types of growths there are on trees and how they can be classified: