All the colors of the rainbow in order for children, schoolchildren: the correct sequence and names of colors. What color does a rainbow start with? How many cold and warm colors are there in a rainbow? How to quickly remember the colors of the rainbow? Why are the colors of the rainbow arranged in such a direction?

After the rain, both adults and children peer into the sky: what if a rainbow appears? People of all ages admire this with trepidation and joy. unusual phenomenon- bright stripes of 7 colors stretching across the entire sky along the entire horizon. In ancient times, people believed that rainbows appeared by God's will, as proof of his existence. Children think that stripes in the sky appear out of nowhere, as if in a fairy tale. But adult readers of the portal know for sure that the appearance of a rainbow is explained by the physical laws of nature and it is just an optical illusion.

How does a rainbow appear?

Physicists, observing the refraction of light in drops of water, with mathematical precision derived equations that reveal the mechanism of formation of this natural phenomenon. Knowledge of optical laws made it possible to prove that for the appearance of a rainbow, it is important not only the presence of drops of rainwater and then the appearance of the sun standing low above the horizon, but also the location of the observer with his back to the luminary.

The colors of the rainbow are in the correct order. Drawing by Vasilisa Batmanova, 8 years old, especially for

The stream of sunlight, reaching the surface of the water, is refracted and splits the white rays of the sun into color spectrum, and it consists of 7 main colors. Red, orange, yellow make up warm shades, green is borderline, and blue, indigo, violet are cold. This is the order in which the rainbow colors are arranged.

Red is the outer color, and purple is the inner color. Rainbows are often depicted in reverse order, but this is incorrect. Although, the reverse order of colors is also possible - in a duplicate rainbow, which is discussed below.

When it rains, a ray of sun illuminates a raindrop and penetrates it, refracting into the colors of the spectrum. The wall of a water drop has a dense structure, upon reaching which the light stream is reflected in the opposite direction. This causes even greater refraction. From the point of penetration of the sun's ray, a stream of the rainbow spectrum bursts out. Since the observer stands with his back to the shining Sun and his face to the rain, he sees the refracted sunlight, reflected by billions of drops of rainwater.

The colors of the rainbow in reverse order, characteristic of the “second” rainbow. Drawing by Margosha Batmanova, 6 years old, specially for

Sometimes you can see not one, but two rainbows in the sky at the same time. Moreover, the second one is not so bright or is barely visible in the sky. Its colors also consist of 7 shades, but are arranged in an inverted state: from purple to red. The appearance of a “double” is easily explained from the point of view of optics: light rays are reflected again in a drop of water - and this is where a rainbow-double appears.

People are always interested in natural phenomena that are visible, but cannot be touched: fog, evaporation of moisture, rainbows. They seem to be a manifestation of a miracle, something unusual, of divine origin, but in fact their occurrence is proven by science.

- one of the most beautiful natural phenomena. It can be found after rain, near waterfalls, near the banks of various reservoirs and in fog in sunny weather.

In order for it to appear, it is necessary high humidity and a light source. In this case, the light source should be behind the observer, and the rays should fall on the drops at an angle of forty-two degrees.

It is under these conditions that light rays, passing through the transparent medium of droplets, break up into a color spectrum consisting of seven colors.

This is the range that the human eye can discern:

• Red;
• Orange;
• Yellow;
• Green;
• Blue;
• Blue;
• Violet.

Surely from childhood, many of you remember a mnemonic verse for remembering the colors of the rainbow: “ TO every O hunter and wants h nah, G de With goes f adhan." Other mnemonics about the rainbow also have a right to exist:

1. The mole stroked the sheep and the giraffe and the bunny;
2. How Jacques the bell-ringer once broke a lantern with his head;
3. Every designer wants to know where to download Photoshop.

Read about how to easily memorize poetry

Thanks to these word combinations, we have clues for the first letters of each color. You can also come up with a mnemonic verse yourself, using your imagination. Well, in this article let's talk about easier and effective method remembering the colors of the rainbow - a method based on visualization.

We come up with images based on the colors of the rainbow

On initial stage think about what you associate each of these colors with. The selected images must be of the same color and must be clearly visualized.

For example:

• Red - Kremlin Tower;
• Orange - corn;
• Yellow - banana;
• Green - crocodile;
• Blue – moon;
• Blue - Avatar (from the film of the same name);
• Violet - Cheshire Cat.

Serial connection of the resulting images

In order to connect our images, we will use one of the methods described below. Which one you prefer is up to you.

Chain method

Here we clearly connect images in the colors of the rainbow with each other, fixing the images with each other for 4-6 seconds. Connections should be as vivid and unusual as possible, and in general, memorable.

Example:

An orange is stuck on the top of the Kremlin tower, and an ear of corn grows from the orange. The corn, in turn, is gnawed by a crocodile and at the same time he sits on the Moon. The Avatar is holding the moon above him, and the Cheshire Cat is digging into his leg =)

To learn how to connect images correctly, watch my video:

The “Unusual Story” Method

We connect the images into a ridiculous story, imagining how each previous image interacts with the next one.

Example:

The Kremlin tower grows an orange tree, on which ears of corn emerge from the oranges. Corn cobs hatch into little crocodiles that crawl on the moon. This Moon revolves around the Avatar, and the Avatar strokes the Cheshire Cat =)

The Pilot Method for remembering the colors of the rainbow

To use this method, create in your imagination a room or a city route with objects to which you will attach images with colors. Hold connections between images and locations for 4-6 seconds.

Example:

• Pillar– the Kremlin Tower swings at the top of the pillar;
• Lenin monument– there is an orange peel on the head of the monument;
• Bench– there is corn growing on the bench and so on...

Also, as locations we can highlight "Microscope" method, and take the human body as an object. Since the rainbow has seven colors, and human body 7 parts of the body can be distinguished, then this method can be very easy to remember.

Which method do you like best? Write about it in the comments below. Also, don’t forget to share materials about memory development with your friends and ask questions about this topic that interest you!!!

What is a rainbow?

Rainbow is an amazing and incredibly beautiful meteorological and optical a natural phenomenon. It can be observed mainly after rain, when the sun comes out. This is the reason that we can see this wonderful phenomenon in the sky, and also distinguish the colors of the rainbow, arranged in order.

A rainbow appears because light emanating from the sun or another source is refracted in droplets of water slowly falling to the ground. With their help, white light “breaks”, forming the colors of the rainbow. They are arranged in order because of different degrees of light deflection (for example, red light is deflected by fewer degrees than violet light). Moreover, a rainbow can also appear thanks to moonlight, but it is very difficult for our eyes to distinguish it in low light. When the circle formed by the “sky bridge” is formed, the center is always on a straight line passing through the Sun or Moon. For those who observe this phenomenon from the ground, this “bridge” appears as an arc. But the higher the vantage point, the more complete the rainbow appears. If you observe it from a mountain or from the air, it can appear before your eyes in the form of a whole circle.

Order of the colors of the rainbow

Many people know a phrase that allows them to remember the order in which the colors of the rainbow are located. For those who don’t know or don’t remember, let’s remember how this line sounds: “Every Hunter Wants to Know Where the Pheasant Sits” (by the way, now there are many analogues of this famous monostich, more modern, and sometimes very funny). The colors of the rainbow are, in order: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet.

These colors do not change their location, imprinting in memory the eternal appearance of such an incredibly beautiful phenomenon. The rainbow we often see is primary. During its formation, white light undergoes only one internal reflection. In this case, the red light is outside, as we are used to seeing. However, a secondary rainbow can also form. It's pretty a rare event, in which white light is reflected twice in the droplets. In this case, the colors of the rainbow are already arranged in the opposite direction (from purple to red). At the same time, the part of the sky that is located between these two arcs becomes darker. In places with very clean air, you can even observe a “triple” rainbow.

Unusual Rainbows

In addition to the familiar arc-shaped rainbow, you can also observe its other forms. For example, you can observe lunar rainbows (but they are difficult for the human eye to catch; for this, the glow from the moon must be very bright), foggy, ring-shaped (these phenomena have already been mentioned above) and even inverted. In addition, rainbows can be seen in winter. At this time of year it sometimes occurs due to severe frosts. But some of these phenomena have nothing to do with “sky bridges”. Very often, halo phenomena (this is the name of a luminous ring that forms around a certain object) are mistaken for a rainbow.

At what age should a child know colors?

At one and a half to two years old, a child can already distinguish colors visually well. Between two and three years When a child begins to speak, it makes sense to start learning the names of colors.

How to teach a child to distinguish colors?

Simple and effective method- focus on colors in Everyday life. While walking, playing, reading, pay attention to the colors. Start with the most basic ones, avoiding shades. While playing with your child, note that the car is blue, the cube is yellow, and the ball is red. Ask him to give you this or that item of a certain color. In a playful way, you can start looking for all green objects in the room.

What will help you learn colors?

Multi-colored cubes, Balloons, crayons, colored paper or cardboard, pencils, educational books. With older children (about 4 years old and older), you can color the coloring pages with felt-tip pens.

Anything else?

Engage with your child regularly. Kindly correct his mistakes and praise his successes. Be patient and success will not take long to arrive.

Rainbow colors for children

Rainbow is an incredibly beautiful natural phenomenon. It looks like a multi-colored arc made up of colors (from the outer edge: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet). These are the seven colors that are usually identified in the rainbow in Russian culture. Below are visual pictures for teaching your child the basic colors.

The order of the colors is easy to remember using the mnemonic phrase: “ TO every O hunter and wants h nah, G de With goes f adhan." There are other options: " TO ak O once AND ak- h lantern G city With broke f onar. ( TO ak ABOUT once AND en Z lantern G tin WITH carried F onar)" and " TO from O slu, and Irafu, h Ike G blue With sewed f Ufaiki." In these sentences, each first letter in a word represents the initial letter of a color.

Rainbow color cards

Poem about colors

I'm in my grandmother's garden
I'll find a lot of red:
This is red raspberry
Nearby there is a red viburnum,
And they matured at the fence
Two handsome tomatoes.

Orange apricot
Grew on a tree.
Grew up, matured,
And I ate it.

These are yellow chickens.
Look, they are running somewhere.
Apparently mom is in the yard
Found a worm in the grass.

Here are the green frogs
And green grass.
In a swamp at the edge of the forest
You can hear a friendly “kwa-kwa!”

In summer the sky is above you
Blue-blue!
Bells underneath
Let's draw it blue.

Blue ball over the track
Flies into the clouds.
Wave your hand at him:
- Goodbye! Bye!

The eggplant lies in the garden -
Purple barrel.
And inside there is a sweet plum
A worm has settled in.

A bright, cheerful, luminous rainbow has been considered a symbol of good luck and luck since ancient times. If a rainbow flashes in the sky, it means the day will be happy and easy. And some even make a wish when they see it beautiful phenomenon nature in the sky. It is believed that the number of colors a person sees in a rainbow is the number of wishes he can make.

What is a rainbow

A rainbow is an optical phenomenon that does not only appear in the sky. Essentially, this is the refraction of colors. Physicists have proven that light has a certain spectrum of shades, and the rainbow clearly demonstrates this.

It occurs due to the refraction of light in tiny droplets of water from fog or rain that float in the atmosphere. Light is reflected differently in water droplets, hence the different shades.

Where is she observed?

Rainbows can be seen not only in the sky. You can see a small rainbow if you sit next to a fountain and catch the refraction of light near the stream of water. You can see it on a white sheet of paper when you write with a transparent pen on a sunny day. You can also see a rainbow through a prism if you hold this prism to the sun's rays or to an ordinary light bulb.

But most often, of course, we see it in the sky.

How many colors are in the rainbow

Science has proven that the rainbow has seven colors. This:

• red;
• orange;
• yellow;
• green;
• blue;
• blue;
• violet.

In ancient times, there were not enough precise optical instruments to carefully examine how many colors a rainbow has. But the human eye cannot always accurately determine the color scheme.

Aristotle, for example, identified only three primary colors - red, yellow and green. But in Japanese culture there is no traditional green color, which is why residents of the Land of the Rising Sun believe that there are only six colors in the rainbow.

And the great mathematician Isaac Newton spent a lot of time studying the refraction of light and came to the conclusion that there are five colors in the rainbow. Then he also looked at the sixth one - orange. This number - six - seemed to him imperfect for describing natural phenomena, so he decided to add a blue color to the rainbow, which he called “indigo”.

We have 7 and they have 6

If you think that after scientists have proven the fact how many colors are in a rainbow, all people on the planet agreed with this statement, then you are deeply mistaken. For some reason, in China they believe that there are five colors in the rainbow - exactly the same number as there are elements on the planet. Until now, in Germany, America, England, France and a number of other countries, children are told that the rainbow consists of six colors.

Why is this happening? The fact is that blue and blue are very similar to each other, they are distinguishable only by the degree of depth. In addition, in a number of languages, “blue” and “blue” are called the same. IN English language There is only one common word to describe these colors. That is why there is still such confusion about how many colors there are in the rainbow.

Easy to remember

The order of colors in a rainbow is always unchanged, no matter what time we see it and what time of day it is, whether it is large or small, whether it stood in the sky for a long time or flashed and went out in a few seconds. The first color is red, which gradually becomes lighter and turns into orange. In turn, the orange becomes even lighter and turns into yellow. Yellow gradually turns green, then blue appears, which turns into rich blue, and the last, final color of the rainbow spectrum is violet.

Remembering the order of the colors in the rainbow is quite easy. You just need to learn one mnemonic phrase - and you can easily name which flowers are in the rainbow, without hesitation. So, memorize this sentence: "Every Hunter Wants to Know Where the Pheasant Sits." Simply and easily. Now all you have to do is take the first letter of each word and name the color of the rainbow:

• each is red;
• hunter - orange;
• wishes - yellow;
• know - green;
• where - blue;
• sitting - blue;
• pheasant - purple.

It was this phrase about a hunter and a sitting pheasant that took root in Russian-speaking culture. Although there are still a few good suggestions for remembering the rainbow spectrum. For example: “Once upon a time, Jean the City Beller Broke the Lantern.” More modern interpretations have also appeared: “Every Designer Wants to Know Where to Download Photoshop.”

Well, as they say, it’s up to you to choose how to remember the arrangement of colors in a rainbow.

Warm or cold

A rainbow in the sky always seems bright, cheerful, lively and very warm. It shines and sparkles and it seems that everything consists of fiery flowers. But, nevertheless, it also contains cold tones.

Let's figure out how many cool colors are in the rainbow. Everything related to blue refers to cool tones. Thus, there are three cool colors in the rainbow - blue, cyan and green. But violet, which has shades of purple, is neither warm nor cold tones; it is transitional.

Accordingly, there are three rainbows: red, orange and yellow.

This palette, which divides colors into warm and cool, is used by artists and painters. There are even several that divide the solar spectrum into warm, cool and in-between shades.

Always against the sun

Rainbows always appear opposite side from the sun. So if you look at it, the sun will always be shining from behind. Most often, a rainbow appears in the morning or evening, and this also has a completely reasonable explanation from the point of view of physics. When the sun is on the horizon, the rainbow is fullest and largest. The higher the sun rises, the smaller the semicircle becomes. And when the star rises to a height of 43 degrees relative to the horizon, it is no longer possible to see the rainbow. Because the angle for refraction of light is inappropriate.

The red color of the rainbow is always located in the outer part of the arc, and the violet color is always located in the inner part. But! A double rainbow occurs very often, when there are two arcs in the sky at once. So, in the second rainbow the colors are reversed.

By the way, seeing two rainbows is also considered better luck than one.

The number of colors in the rainbow always remains the same, but ideas about this beautiful optical phenomenon people's have changed over time. Ancient tribes, for example, divided the rainbow into two colors - dark and light.

Rainbows can be seen not only in the sun's rays, but also after darkness falls. Then the sun's rays begin to reflect off the moon, and a rainbow may appear.

The rainbow does not freeze in place, and two people who are located in different parts of the city will see it completely differently. To one it will seem that it is hovering over the river, and to another it will seem that it is located directly above the new buildings. That is why, when a rainbow is photographed in the same city at the same time, completely different pictures are obtained.

Not all people can see all seven colors of the rainbow. It depends on how sharp your eyesight is. Some may notice peach in the rainbow, and they're not making this up. After all, seven colors are the basic classic colors. And there really are a great many shades in the rainbow, and some are impossible to catch with the human eye.

Rainbows can disappear if you wear polaroid glasses. The coating of these glasses is positioned so that the light is refracted vertically and the person simply does not see what others see.