Where was the highest temperature? What place on our planet has the lowest temperature?

Photo: Bochkareva Bolota/RIA Novosti

Starting from Sunday January 14 Severe frosts came to the territory of Yakutia. In Oymyakon the temperature on Sunday dropped to -59 degrees Celsius. The republican authorities canceled classes in schools in 13 districts. Forecasters expect a further drop in temperatures in the coming days, brought by the Arctic anticyclone. The level is called - 65 degrees. There are already victims. On January 14, the press service of the Investigative Directorate of the Russian Federation for the Republic of Sakha disseminated information that the circumstances of the death of two men who froze on the road as a result of a car breakdown were being studied.

How to count correctly

Temperature records are usually recorded using a thermometer. It is understood that this must be done in the process of observation with recording of temperature changes using instruments. Data obtained by some other method will have to be classified as unofficial records.

So, December 9, 2013 At a conference of the American Geophysical Union, a group of American researchers reported that on August 10, 2010, the air temperature at one point in Antarctica dropped to −135.8 degrees Fahrenheit (−93.2 degrees Celsius). This information was identified as a result of analysis of NASA satellite data. But the speaker himself, Ted Sambos, made a reservation that this temperature record cannot be recorded as official.

Oymyakon or Verkhoyansk

Verkhoyansk weather station. Photo: V. Yakovlev/RIA Novosti

The Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) remains a unique region for the Northern Hemisphere of the planet. Its territory, 40% of which is located beyond the Arctic Circle, is a supplier of temperature records. Suffice it to say that The temperature difference between the coldest month - January and the warmest - July is 70 - 75 degrees in the republic.

Two Yakut settlements are fighting for the right to be called the “pole of cold” of the Earth’s Northern Hemisphere – Verkhoyansk and Oymyakon. Maximum low temperature- minus 77.8 degrees Celsius - was recorded in 1938 in Oymyakon. But these data did not receive official status. In Verkhoyansk in January 1892, the temperature dropped to -69.8 degrees. Therefore, the authorities of the republic give it the title of the coldest place in the Northern Hemisphere. Moreover, the largest amplitude was noted in Verkhoyansk annual temperatures: the maximum summer temperature here reached +37 degrees(temperature difference is almost 107 degrees).

Earth's absolute pole of cold

Antarctic station "Vostok". Photo: G. Kolosov/RIA Novosti

The title of the Earth's absolute pole of cold belongs to the Antarctic Russian station "Vostok", where weather observations are carried out regularly.On July 21, 1983, a record low temperature was recorded there: −89.2 degrees Celsius. True, meteorologists point out that the station is located at an altitude 3488 meters above sea level. If we bring temperature indicators to sea level, then Antarctica will lose to both Verkhoyansk and Oymyakon. But here in terms of average annual temperature, which at the station is −60.2 degrees Celsius, Vostok has no equal.

For those who want to warm up

Death Valley. USA. Photo: Zuma/TASS

If someone is frozen from reading such a text, urgently go to the hottest places on the planet . On September 13, 1922, a temperature of +58.2 degrees Celsius was recorded in the town of Al-Aziziya, Libya. But today this result is not considered sufficiently reliable. Therefore, the World Meteorological Organization considers the temperature recorded July 10, 1913 at the Greenland Ranch in Death Valley (California, USA) – plus 56.7 degrees. It is difficult to find a name more suitable for being considered the hottest place on the planet. Again, according to unofficial data, on the same day at Saudi Arabia(location unknown) +58.4 degrees Celsius was recorded. But unofficial ones are unofficial.

The most warm place on Earth can be considered Dallol village in Ethiopia. For 7 years, from 1960 to 1966, it was recorded average annual temperature equal +34.4 degrees Celsius.

But the hottest place in Russia is the Utta weather station in Kalmykia . On July 12, 2010, the temperature was recorded here +45.4 degrees Celsius, which is a record high temperature in the history of weather observations in Russia.

Naturally, the practice of recording results only using stationary instruments is not entirely correct. Many scientists believe that there are places on Earth where above-zero temperatures are much higher than the current records. But there are no meteorological observations there. So, as the possible hottest place on the planet it is called Dasht-Lut desert in the central part of the Iranian Plateau in eastern Iran. Some experts, citing satellite observation data, claim that temperatures in the area reach 70 degrees Celsius. It remains to confirm this using a regular thermometer.

Sergey Anisimov

Despite the fact that humanity has explored the Earth far and wide, scientists continue to make discoveries that force them to rewrite textbooks. So American researchers from the University of Colorado at Boulder made their contribution -

they found that temperatures in Antarctica can drop to almost -100°C.

They spoke about the discovery of a new temperature record in an article in the magazine. Geophysical Research Letters .

Previously, the lowest recorded temperature in Antarctica was -93°C, this data was obtained in 2013. New record, like the previous one, was installed in the eastern part of the mainland. Researchers discovered it by studying satellite readings of temperature changes in Antarctica and comparing the results with data from ground-based weather stations.

The lowest temperature on Earth is now officially -98°C. The temperature record was set on July 31, 2010.

“I have never been in such cold and I hope I never will,” says Doyle Rice, one of the researchers. —

They say that every breath there brings pain and you need to be extremely careful not to freeze your throat and lungs when breathing. It’s much colder than Siberia or Alaska.”

“This is the kind of temperature that can be felt at the poles of Mars on a clear summer day,” says Ted Scambos, lead author of the study.

Temperatures drop so low in ice “pockets” up to three meters deep.

The scientists used data from the Terra and Aqua satellites, as well as measurements from National Oceanic Administration satellites. atmospheric research USA for 2004-2016. The greatest temperature changes, as it turned out, occur in Southern Hemisphere at night in June-August. Temperatures below -90°C are regularly recorded there.

The researchers also identified conditions conducive to the establishment temperature minimum: clear sky, light breeze and extremely dry air. Even a minimal content of water vapor in the air contributes to its heating, although not much.

“In this area, during certain periods the air is very dry, and this allows the snow to release heat more easily,” Scambos explains.

The temperature record was recorded at several points at a distance of hundreds of kilometers from each other. This got the researchers wondering - is there even a limit to the cooling?

“It all depends on how long the conditions allow the air to cool and how much water vapor there is in the atmosphere,” Scambos said.

Extremely dry and cold air sinks into pockets of ice and becomes colder and colder until the weather. Temperatures could drop even lower, researchers say, but it will just take a lot of clear, dry days in a row.

If this record can be broken, it will obviously not be soon, the authors of the work believe. An increase in the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and, in connection with this, an increase in the amount of water vapor does not at all contribute to the emergence of the conditions necessary for this.

“Observation of the processes that influence low air and surface temperatures suggests that we will experience extreme low temperatures less frequently in the future,” the researchers write.

The researchers note that the data obtained are indicators recorded remotely. The lowest temperature recorded at a land weather station was -89.2°C. It was recorded on July 21, 1983 at the Soviet Antarctic Vostok station.

Because the current data was obtained from satellites rather than directly, some researchers refuse to acknowledge its significance.

“The East is still the coldest place on Earth,” insists Randy Cervenu, a professor of geography at the University of Arizona and a World Meteorological Organization specialist. - Used here remote sensing, not standard weather stations, therefore we at the World Meteorological Organization do not accept these results.”

In the United States, the lowest temperature was recorded in Alaska in the Prospect Creek settlement. The temperature record set on January 23, 1971 was -80°C.

It was obtained at the center of a thermonuclear bomb explosion - about 300...400 million°C. The maximum temperature reached during a controlled thermonuclear reaction at the TOKAMAK fusion test facility at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, USA, in June 1986, is 200 million °C.

Lowest temperature

Absolute zero on the Kelvin scale (0 K) corresponds to –273.15° Celsius or –459.67° Fahrenheit. The lowest temperature, 2 10 –9 K (two-billionth of a degree) above absolute zero, was achieved in a two-stage nuclear demagnetization cryostat at the Helsinki Low Temperature Laboratory University of Technology, Finland, by a group of scientists led by Professor Olli Lounasmaa (b. 1930), which was announced in October 1989.

The smallest thermometer

Dr. Frederick Sachs, biophysicist from State University of New York State, Buffalo, USA, constructed a microthermometer to measure the temperature of individual living cells. The diameter of the thermometer tip is 1 micron, i.e. 1/50th the diameter of a human hair.

The largest barometer

The 12 m high water barometer was constructed in 1987 by Bert Bolle, curator of the Barometer Museum in Martensdijk, the Netherlands, where it is installed.

The greatest pressure

As reported in June 1978, the highest continuous pressure of 1.70 megabar (170 GPa) was obtained at the Carnegie Institution Geophysical Laboratory, Washington, USA, in a giant diamond-coated hydraulic press. It was also announced that in this laboratory on March 2, 1979, solid hydrogen was obtained under a pressure of 57 kilobars. Metallic hydrogen is expected to be a silvery-white metal with a density of 1.1 g/cm 3 . According to calculations by physicists G.K. Mao and P.M. Bella, this experiment at 25°C will require a pressure of 1 megabar.

In the USA, as reported in 1958, using dynamic methods with impact speeds of about 29 thousand km/h, an instantaneous pressure of 75 million atm was obtained. (7 thousand GPa).

Highest speed

In August 1980, it was reported that a plastic disk was accelerated to a speed of 150 km/s at the US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, USA. This maximum speed, with which a solid visible object has ever moved.

The most accurate scales

The most accurate scales in the world - "Sartorius-4108" - were manufactured in Göttingen, Germany, they can weigh objects up to 0.5 g with an accuracy of 0.01 mcg, or 0.00000001 g, which corresponds to approximately 1/60 of the weight printing ink wasted on the period at the end of this sentence.

The largest bubble chamber

The world's largest bubble chamber, costing $7 million, was built in October 1973 in Weston, Illinois, USA. It has a diameter of 4.57 m, holds 33 thousand liters of liquid hydrogen at a temperature of –247 ° C and is equipped with a superconducting magnet that creates a field of 3 Tesla.

The fastest centrifuge

The ultracentrifuge was invented by Theodor Svedberg (1884...1971), Sweden, in 1923.

The highest rotation speed achieved by a person is 7250 km/h. At this speed, a 15.2 cm conical carbon fiber rod was reported to be rotating in a vacuum on January 24, 1975, at the University of Birmingham, UK.

The most accurate section

As reported in June 1983, a high-precision diamond lathe at the National Laboratory. Lawrence in Livermore, California, USA, can cut a human hair lengthwise 3 thousand times. The cost of the machine is 13 million dollars.

The most powerful electric current

The most powerful electric current was generated at the Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory, New Mexico, USA. With the simultaneous discharge of 4032 capacitors, combined into a Zeus supercapacitor, within a few microseconds they produce twice the electric current than that generated by all power plants Earth.

The hottest flame

The hottest flame is produced by the combustion of carbon subnitride (C 4 N 2), which produces at 1 atm. temperature 5261 K.

Highest measured frequency

The highest frequency perceived by the naked eye is the oscillation frequency of yellow-green light, equal to 520.206 808 5 terahertz (1 terahertz - million million hertz), corresponding to the 17 - 1 P(62) transition line of iodine-127.

The highest frequency measured by the instruments is the green light frequency of 582.491703 THz for the b 21 component of the R(15) 43 – 0 transition line of iodine-127. The decision of the General Conference of Weights and Measures, adopted on October 20, 1983, to accurately express the meter (m) using the speed of light ( c) it is established that “a meter is the path traveled by light in a vacuum in a time interval equal to 1/299792458 of a second.” As a result, the frequency ( f) and wavelength (λ) turn out to be related by the dependence f·λ = c.

The weakest friction

Lowest coefficient of dynamic and static friction for solid(0.02) has polytetrafluoroethylene (C 2 F 4n), called PTFE. It is equal to friction wet ice o wet ice. This substance was first obtained in sufficient quantity by the American company E.I. Dupont de Nemours" in 1943 and was exported from the USA under the name "Teflon". American and Western European housewives love pots and pans with non-stick Teflon coating.

In a centrifuge at the University of Virginia, USA, in a vacuum of 10–6 mm mercury the supported one rotates at a speed of 1000 rps magnetic field rotor weighing 13.6 kg. It only loses 1 rps per day and will spin for many years.

Smallest hole

A hole with a diameter of 40 angstroms (4·10 –6 mm) was observed on a JEM 100C electron microscope using a device from Quantel Electronics in the Department of Metallurgy at the University of Oxford, UK, on ​​October 28, 1979. Finding such a hole is like finding the head of a pin in haystack with sides 1.93 km.

In May 1983, the beam electron microscope at the University of Illinois, USA, accidentally burned a hole with a diameter of 2·10–9 m in a sample of sodium beta aluminate.

The most powerful laser beams

For the first time, it was possible to illuminate another celestial body with a beam of light on May 9, 1962; then a beam of light was reflected from the surface of the Moon. It was aimed by a laser (a light amplifier based on stimulated emission of radiation) whose sighting precision was coordinated by a 121.9 cm telescope located at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. A spot with a diameter of about 6.4 km was illuminated on the lunar surface. The laser was proposed in 1958 by the American Charles Townes (born 1915). A light pulse of similar power with a duration of 1/5000 can burn through a diamond due to its evaporation at temperatures up to 10,000°C. This temperature is created by 2·10 23 photons. As reported, the Shiva laser installed in the laboratory named after. Lawrence Livermore, California, USA, was able to concentrate a light beam with a power of about 2.6 x 10 13 W on an object the size of a pinhead for 9.5 x 10 –11 s. This result was obtained in an experiment on May 18, 1978.

The brightest light

The brightest sources of artificial light are laser pulses, which were generated at Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico, USA, in March 1987 by Dr. Robert Graham. The power of a flash of ultraviolet light lasting 1 picosecond (1·10 –12 s) was 5·10 15 W.

The most powerful source of constant light is the argon arc lamp high pressure with a power consumption of 313 kW and a luminous intensity of 1.2 million candelas, manufactured by Vortec Industries in Vancouver, Canada, in March 1984.

The most powerful spotlight was produced during the Second World War, in 1939...1945, by General Electric. It was developed at the Hearst Research Centre, London. With a power input of 600 kW, it produced an arc brightness of 46,500 cd/cm2 and a maximum beam intensity of 2,700 million cd from a parabolic mirror with a diameter of 3.04 m.

The shortest pulse of light

Charles Shank and colleagues in the laboratories of the American Telephone and Telegraph Company (ATT), New Jersey, USA, received a light pulse with a duration of 8 femtoseconds (8 10 -15 s), which was announced in April 1985. Pulse length equal to 4...5 wavelengths of visible light, or 2.4 microns.

The longest lasting light bulb

The average incandescent light bulb burns for 750...1000 hours. There is information that, produced by Shelby Electric and recently demonstrated by Mr. Burnell at the Fire Department of Livermore, California, USA, first gave light in 1901.

The heaviest magnet

The world's heaviest magnet has a diameter of 60 m and weighs 36 thousand tons. It was made for a 10 TeV synchrophasotron installed at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research in Dubna, Moscow region.

The largest electromagnet

The world's largest electromagnet is part of the L3 detector used in experiments at the Large Electron-Positron Collider (LEP) at the European Council for Nuclear Research, Switzerland. The octagonal-shaped electromagnet consists of a yoke made of 6400 tons of low-carbon steel and an aluminum coil weighing 1100 tons. The yoke elements, weighing up to 30 tons each, were manufactured in the USSR. The coil, made in Switzerland, consists of 168 turns, electrically welded to an octagonal frame. A current of 30 thousand A passing through an aluminum coil creates a magnetic field with a power of 5 kilogauss. The dimensions of the electromagnet, exceeding the height of a 4-story building, are 12x12x12 m, and the total weight is 7810 tons. More metal was spent on its manufacture than on its construction.

Magnetic fields

The most powerful constant field of 35.3 ± 0.3 Tesla was obtained at the National Magnetic Laboratory. Francis Bitter at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA, May 26, 1988. To obtain it, a hybrid magnet with holmium poles was used. Under its influence, the magnetic field created by the heart and brain intensified.

The weakest magnetic field was measured in a shielded room in the same laboratory. Its value was 8·10 –15 Tesla. It was used by Dr. David Cohen to study the extremely weak magnetic fields produced by the heart and brain.

The most powerful microscope

The Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM), invented at the IBM Research Laboratory in Zurich in 1981, allows for magnification of 100 million times and resolution of details down to 0.01 atomic diameters (3 × 10 –10 m). It is claimed that the size of the 4th generation scanning tunneling microscopes will not exceed the size of a thimble.

Using field ion microscopy techniques, the probe tips of scanning tunneling microscopes are made so that there is one atom at the end - the last 3 layers of this man-made pyramid consist of 7, 3 and 1 atom. In July 1986, representatives of the Bell Telephone Laboratory Systems, Murray Hill, New Jersey, USA, announced that they were able to transfer a single atom (most likely germanium) from the tungsten probe tip of a scanning tunneling microscope to a germanium surface. In January 1990, a similar operation was repeated by D. Eigler and E. Schweitzer from Research Center IBM Company, San Jose, California, USA. Using a scanning tunneling microscope, they laid out the word IBM single xenon atoms, transferring them to the nickel surface.

The loudest noise

The loudest noise obtained in laboratory conditions was 210 dB, or 400 thousand ac. Watts (acoustic watts), NASA reported. It was obtained by reflecting sound from a 14.63 m reinforced concrete test stand and 18.3 m deep foundation designed for testing the Saturn V rocket at the Space Flight Center. Marshall, Huntsville, Alabama, USA, in October 1965. A sound wave of such strength could drill holes in solid materials. The noise was heard within 161 km.

The smallest microphone

In 1967, Professor Ibrahim Cavrak of Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey, created a microphone for a new technique for measuring pressure in a fluid flow. Its frequency range is from 10 Hz to 10 kHz, dimensions are 1.5 mm x 0.7 mm.

Highest note

The highest note received has a frequency of 60 gigahertz. It was generated by a laser beam aimed at a sapphire crystal at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA, in September 1964.

The most powerful particle accelerator

Proton synchrotron with a diameter of 2 km at the National Acceleration Laboratory. Fermi, east of Bateivia, Illinois, USA, is the world's most powerful nuclear particle accelerator. On May 14, 1976, an energy of about 500 GeV (5·10 11 electron-volts) was obtained for the first time. On October 13, 1985, as a result of the collision of beams of protons and antiprotons, an energy in the center of mass system of 1.6 GeV (1.6 10 11 electron volts) was obtained. This required 1,000 superconducting magnets operating at a temperature of -268.8°C, maintained using the world's largest helium liquefaction plant with a capacity of 4,500 l/h, which came into operation on April 18, 1980.

CERN's (European Organization for Nuclear Research) goal of colliding beams of protons and antiprotons in the ultra-high energy proton synchrotron (SPS) with an energy of 270 GeV 2 = 540 GeV was achieved in Geneva, Switzerland, at 4:55 a.m. on July 10 1981. This energy is equivalent to that released during the collision of protons with an energy of 150 thousand GeV with a stationary target.

The US Department of Energy on August 16, 1983 subsidized research to create a superconducting supercollider (SSC) with a diameter of 83.6 km by 1995 using the energy of two proton-antiproton beams at 20 TeV. The White house approved this $6 billion project on January 30, 1987.

The quietest place

The 10.67 x 8.5 m "dead room" at the Bell Telephone Systems Laboratory, Murray Hill, New Jersey, USA, is the most sound-absorbing room in the world, in which 99.98% of reflected sound disappears .

The sharpest objects and the smallest tubes

The sharpest human-made objects are the glass micropipette tubes used in experiments with living cell tissue. The technology for their production was developed and implemented by Professor Kenneth T. Brown and Dale J. Flaming at the Department of Physiology at the University of California at San Francisco in 1977. They obtained conical tube tips with an outer diameter of 0.02 μm and an inner diameter of 0.01 μm . The latter was 6500 times thinner than a human hair.

The smallest artificial object

On February 8, 1988, Texas Instruments, Dallas, Texas, USA, announced that it had succeeded in producing “quantum dots” from indium and gallium arsenide with a diameter of only 100 millionths of a millimeter.

Highest vacuum

It was obtained at the IBM Research Center named after. Thomas J. Watson, Yorktown Heights, New York, USA, in October 1976 in a cryogenic system with temperatures down to –269°C and was equal to 10 –14 torr. This is equivalent to the distance between molecules (the size of a tennis ball) increasing from 1 m to 80 km.

Lowest viscosity

The California Institute of Technology, USA, announced on December 1, 1957 that liquid helium-2 at temperatures close to absolute zero (–273.15°C) does not have viscosity, i.e. has ideal fluidity.

Highest voltage

On May 17, 1979, the highest electrical potential difference was obtained under laboratory conditions at National Electrostatics Corporation, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. It amounted to 32 ± 1.5 million V.

Guinness Book of Records, 1998

On one of the sunny and dry days summer days you might hear someone say, “It must be a hundred degrees even in the shade.” And in some places on our planet this may be close to reality. The hottest place on Earth is currently around 70°C. If you are one of those who like it hot, we have prepared for you top 10 hottest places in the world.

This city is located on the shores of Lake Nasser and is home to approximately 15,000 inhabitants. Historically, it was a very important trading post due to its location on the road between Sudan and Egypt.

The city is sometimes forced to endure stormy dust storms. This phenomenon is known as haboob and precedes a strong thunderstorm.

The most heat air temperature recorded in this area is 52.8 °C. She was celebrated in April 1967. IN summer period average temperature in Wadi Halfa it stays at around 40 °C.

9. Tirat Zvi, Israel, 53.9 °C

This is a religious kibbutz founded near the Israeli-Jordanian border. Thanks to the maximum temperature set in 1942, Tirat Zvi became the hottest place in Asia. However, due to the proximity of the Jordan River, the kibbutz area remains fertile.

About a thousand people live in Tirat Zvi, and the kibbutz is considered the largest date producer in the country. It has 18,000 date trees.

8. Timbuktu, Mali, 54 °C

Located in the south of the Sahara Desert ancient city with one of the highest temperatures on Earth. Its highest temperature reading topped a scorching 54 degrees Celsius.

Timbuktu was an important center for the spread of Islamic doctrine in Africa. Three important mosques for Muslims were built there and one of the largest collections in the world of ancient manuscripts. Thanks to your architectural features the city was declared a target World Heritage UNESCO.

7. Kebili, Tunisia, 55 °C

This city is famous for its ancient archaeological finds. The oldest of them were created about 200,000 years ago. Additionally, Kebili is known for its extreme temperatures, with summer maximums reaching 55°C. And at night the temperature can drop below zero.

At the same time, there are about 10 hotels in the city, one of them is five-star. Whether you should prefer the hot summer haze of Egypt instead of the most - decide for yourself.

6. Ghadames, Libya, 55 °C

A city in western Libya, located on the border with Algeria and Tunisia - where caravan routes once crossed. It is known as the "jewel of the desert" and has been declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

One of the main features of the old city is its multi-story adobe buildings. These houses have good reason for existence in the Sahara: they are cool in summer and warm in winter. And summer in Ghadames is very hot - temperatures range from 40 to 55 °C.

In addition to providing protection from the desert sun, walkways have been built between the adjacent ground floors and the open terraces of the houses located on the upper floors. They are traditionally used by women to move from one area to another.

5. Death Valley, California, USA, 56.7 °C

This desert valley in eastern California, on the border with Nevada, is often called the hottest place on Earth. And although this is not entirely true, Death Valley is undoubtedly the hottest and driest spot in the United States. Summer temperatures range between 46 and 50 °C, and on September 16, 1913, the highest temperature in the area was 56.7 °C.

To understand the origins of the valley's name, we need to go back in time to the Gold Rush era. This was between 1849 and 1850. Some gold miners tried to cross the valley, and instead of precious metal found their death. However, the valley continued to attract profit seekers, as it was very rich in gold and silver.

Every year, Death Valley attracts tourists from all over the world who want to admire its amazing landscapes. One of the most striking sites in this area is Zabriskie Point, composed of ancient lake sediments, salt mud and gravel that combine to create a beautiful, surreal landscape.

4. Al Azizia, Libya, 58.2 °C

In the north-west of Libya is the city of Al-Aziziya. In 1922, the air temperature in the shade was recorded there at 58.2 C, and for a long time it remained the highest temperature in the world. However, in 2012, experts from the World Meteorological Organization questioned these data because they considered that insufficiently reliable means of recording temperature were used to obtain them. On ordinary days, the air in Al-Azizia warms up to an average of 33 degrees.

The city is also very inhospitable due to the strong wind, which reduces the temperature to twenty degrees in a few hours. Because of this, the weather varies from scorching hot to uncomfortably cold over very a short time. Despite this, the population of Al-Azizia exceeds 300,000 people.

3. Turpan, China, 66.7 °C

Located in the northeastern part of China, Turpan City is located at an altitude of 154 m below sea level. It is the hottest place in China and also the third hottest place on the planet.

Despite the heat, The groundwater and fertile soil have made Turpan a real oasis in the desert. The water system of this area consists of a series of vertical and horizontal wells connected to underground channels. This system ensures uninterrupted water supply throughout the year.

2. Queensland, Australia, 68.9 °C

This state is located in the northeast of the Australian continent. In 2003, a year of severe drought, a NASA satellite recorded a temperature of 68.9°C in inland Queensland. This area can be as dangerous as it is exciting; this is a region of rodeos, theme parks, lush tropical forests and various tourist attractions. A " business card» Queensland is considered one of the Great Barrier Reef.

1. Dasht-e Lut, Iran 70 °C

Here is the answer to the question, where is the highest temperature on Earth. This hellishly hot region is located on the Iran-Afghan border, and is the twenty-fifth largest sandy desert in the world. Its length is 400-450 km from north to south and from 200 to 250 km from west to east.

Dasht-e Lut is an extremely arid desert with very high summer temperatures. This is proven by measurements made by the MODIS instrument installed on NASA's Aqua satellite. Between 2003 and 2005, the device showed that in the Iranian wasteland the temperature rose to 70.7 °C. This is an absolute record for our planet. Thanks to this, Dashte-Lut has earned the title of “the hottest place on Earth.”

In spring it rains in this area, but for a very short time, and the ground dries out quickly. And strong and constant wind moves sand dunes up to 300 m in size. So Dashte Lut is not the place where you want to spend your summer holiday.

Let's look at what temperature records in the world and the places where they were recorded. In other words, this selection is 10 hottest and coldest places on earth.

To begin with, I propose to consider the coldest ones. These places are generally considered to be the coldest on Earth. Brrr – I wouldn’t want to live there (:

• Antarctica. Vostok station.

This station belongs, as you probably already guessed, to the Russians. This is where it was recorded the most cold temperature . Significant date is July 21, 1983, then there was severe frost, and the thermometer showed our planet's record -89.2 °C. And now a little more specifically about this place: the altitude is 3.5 kilometers above sea level, the station is located in the area of ​​one of the largest lakes in the world: Lake Vostok of the same name. Naturally, the lake is not on the surface, it is located under the ice at a depth of 4 kilometers.

• Canada. Eureka station.

This research station is often called the coldest locality in the world. -20 ° C is the average annual air temperature, and in winter it usually drops to -40 ° C. This station is intended as a meteorological station and was created in the middle of the last century.

• Russia. Yakutia. Oymyakon.

Well, this place is already in the North: 350 km from the Arctic Circle to the south. Was recorded here lowest temperature record for the Northern Hemisphere-71.2 °C (1926). This is confirmed by the memorial plaque installed after this event.

• USA. Denali (Mount McKingley).

This one high point North America. Mount McKingley is the coldest on Earth, its height is 6,194 meters.

• Mongolia. Ulaanbaatar.

And this is already the coldest capital. The height above sea level is 1.3 kilometers. The thermometer very rarely shows temperatures above -16 ° C in January.

Well, we visited the most “icy” places. Personally, I wanted to immediately drink a cup of hot coffee or tea, but this is not at all necessary, because then we will go with you to the hottest countries. Well, let's continue!

So, hottest places in the world.

• Libya. El Azizia.

Al Aziziyah is only about an hour's drive from Mediterranean Sea. And despite this it is very hot there. For example, on September 13, 1922, the days were so hot that the thermometer tirelessly showed 57.8 ° C.

• Africa. Ethiopia. Dallol.

The place is 116 meters below sea level. And it is in Dallol that it is observed record high average temperature+34.4 ° C. The area is covered with salt and is volcanic in nature, so nothing grows here and there is nothing living at all.

• Libya. Dashti-Lut Desert.

It was in this desert that it was recorded highest temperature on the Earth's surface +70 ° C. This is a record!! Here Maximum temperature!! By the way, about the date: they were able to record such a temperature here twice: in 2004 and in 2005. This desert is one of the driest places on the planet. There is also nothing living here, including even bacteria. Just imagine: not even bacteria can survive there! But the dunes there are like in a fairy tale: they reach 500 meters in height and are the most beautiful!

• USA. California. Death Valley.

This desert belongs to the second record for highest temperature: +56.7 ° C. The average summer temperature here is approximately +47 ° C. Death Valley is the driest place in the USA, it is surrounded by mountains and is located 86 meters below sea level.

• Thailand. Bangkok.

The average annual temperature in this city is +28 ° C. The hottest time here is from March to May - the average temperature in these months is +34 ° C, and if you also take into account that the humidity is 90%, then this is in general (in vain I drank a cup of hot coffee all still (=).

Let's summarize. We visited amazing places: it was in them that they were recorded temperature records, the lowest and the highest. Personally, I realized for myself: there is no need for extremes; and it turns out that I am quite happy with the climate of the place where I live, it can be both cold and hot here, but in moderation compared to the places listed above.