Speech therapy lesson: “A game-journey with sound. Abstract of a lesson on teaching literacy in the senior group "sound and letter sh" Sound and letter sh in the preparatory group
municipal budgetary educational institution
"Secondary school No. 1 in Velsk"
Structural unit "Kindergarten No. 11 "Rainbow"
Abstract
organized educational activities
literacy
in the preparatory group
Topic: "Sound and letter Sh"
Prepared by:
educator of the structural unit
"Kindergarten No. 11 "Rainbow"
MBOU "Secondary School No. 1 in Velsk"
Edemskaya Lyubov Valerievna
Velsk
2015
Target:
introducing children to the sound and letter Sh.
Tasks:
1. Fix the correct pronunciation of the sound Sh.
2. Continue to learn to distinguish the sound Ш from a number of sounds, syllables, words.
3. Teach children to select words for a given sound.
4. Consolidate the skill of sound-letter analysis of the word.
5. Continue to teach children to make a sentence with a given word.
6. Develop auditory attention, memory, visual perception, phonemic hearing.
7. Raise interest in the native language.
Equipment: ball, picture with Dunno, sound recording letter Ш, pictures, blue circle, individual set: 4 counting sticks, splitABC.
GCD progress:
1. Organizational moment:
(children stand at the chairs) ball game
What sound did you meet in the last lesson? (get acquainted with the sound c)
I will name the word, and you will tell me where this sound is in the word: at the beginning, middle or end of the word:
Heron, hare, sheep, mill, chicken, cucumber, gypsy, chicken.
2. Post topic
Today we will get acquainted with a new sound, and with which one you will find out now.
Music sounds
Guys, a fairy-tale hero came to visit us. Guess who it is?
Guess the riddle:
Who has a big hat?
Who is a slacker and a bungler?
Who is a boaster. Chatterbox, arrogant?
Everyone knows, baby - .... DON'T KNOW
Dunno composed poems, and his friends from the Sunny City cannot understand them. He asks for help:
My friend and I played ……. CUPS,
They drank tea from white ....... CHECKERS.
Got out of the mink ... .. Bump,
A….. MOUSE fell on her.
What sound is found in all words
3. Articulation
Let's make this sound.
What does this sound like? (a snake hisses, a goose, leaves rustle, the wind rustles, a flat tire, pump up a wheel)
When we pronounce this sound, where are the lips, tongue, teeth?
Lips are rounded and slightly extended forward
Wide tongue at the top forms a "cup"
A warm air jet goes through the center of the tongue
Is there anything that interferes with the pronunciation of this sound?
So what is this sound? (consonant, tongue creates an air barrier)
The neck is “silent”, what is the sound? (deaf, pronounce without voice)
What other sound is that? (solid)
Remember, the sh sound is always solid.
Let's repeat Dunno, what sound is sh? (consonant, deaf, hard)
What color shall we mark? (in blue) showing a blue circle.
4. Dunno offers to play the game "Clap your hands if you hear the sound sh
W, p k, w
Sha, pa, ka, shu
Hat, cat, cat, crow, pencil
5. work with pictures
Dunno brought us pictures, let's see them
From a series of pictures, select those in the name of which there is a sound sh
Where is the sh sound in the word?
Come up with a word with the sound sh and where is it located?
6. physical education (on the carpet)
The wind blows in our faces
The tree swayed.
The wind is getting quieter. Quiet.
The tree is getting higher and higher.
7. Acquaintance with the letter sh (at the tables)
Letter sh with three spikes
Don't grab it with your hands.
What does the letter w look like?
Let's add the letter sh from the fingers:
Connect the thumb and little finger of the right hand, and raise the index, middle and ring fingers up.
Lay out the letter from the counting sticks, how many sticks did it take?
Find the letter in the split alphabet.
8. Sound-letter analysis of the word
What can be made up of letters? (word)
Dunno offers to compose the word FUR COAT
What is the first sound? (sh)
What is this sound? How do we denote? (blue)
Which 2? What is he? How do we mark? (red)
Which 3? What is he? How do we designate? (blue)
Which 4? What is he? How do we mark? (red)
How many sounds are in this word? (4)
How many consonants? (2)
How many vowels? (2)
What sound 2? 4? one? 3?
How many syllables? (2) how did you know? (claps, hand to chin)
9. And let's make a sentence with the word fur coat
How many words are in your sentence?
10. Bottom line
Let's remember what letter we met?
Tell me all about the sound sh.
Dunno also remembered everything and will tell his friends in the Sunny City.
And he brought you gifts where you can color the studied letter.
What color will you paint?
Let's go and paint.
Correction-developing tasks:
1. Introduce the articulatory way of pronouncing the sound [Ш].
2. Learn to pronounce the sound [Ш] correctly.
3. Introduce the image of the letter Sh.
4. Develop tactile sensations.
5. Develop fine motor skills - finger gymnastics.
6. To teach a child to determine the sequence of sounds in a word, improve the skills of analytical and synthetic activities, develop sound-syllabic representations.
7. To consolidate the ability to coordinate numerals with nouns in the genitive case.
8. Repeat the vowels [A] [O] [U] [S] [I] [E].
9. Learn to distinguish between sounds [C] and [W].
10. Learn to transform words.
Equipment: subject pictures, pictures of a split loto, color cards, pictures with the image of the letters W, A, O, U, I, S, E; sheets with tasks for individual work, simple pencils, blue and red pencils, chips for rewards.
Lesson progress:
1. Organizing time- guessing riddles.
I'm sitting on top
I don't know who.
Here the army lined up:
Bishops, and knights, and rooks,
And the pawns - all decorously stand!
Call me the game!
(chess)
He stands in the corner against the wall
Oh, he looks big!
But he's not punished at all.
Mom keeps things in it.
It happens bitter and milky,
It melts very quickly in the mouth
Everyone is happy to taste it
What is this? ………. (chocolate).
2. Getting to know sound[ W] .
We recall the guess words, determine and name the first sound in the guess words.
We clarify the articulation of the sound [Ш]:
lips are rounded and slightly extended forward;
wide tongue at the top, forms a "cup";
a warm air stream goes through the center of the tongue;
the neck is silent.
We pronounce the sound [Ш], compare it with the hiss of a snake, with the noise of a pierced balloon, etc.
We give a description of the sound [Ш]: consonant, always hard, deaf.
We come up with words with the sound [Ш] (encouragement with chips).
We clap on the words with the sound [Ш].
3. Acquaintance with the letter Sh.
Look at and name the pictures on the board.
We determine with what sound these words begin ([Ш]).
We remember how sounds are indicated on paper (in writing) - letters.
We consider the image of the letter W on the board.
We circle the letter Ш with a finger along the contour on paper (Appendix 1).
We draw the letter Sh with a finger on the back of a neighbor.
Finger gymnastics: "build" the letter Sh from the fingers.
The letter Ш from the fingers: connect the thumb and little finger of the right hand, and raise the index, middle and ring fingers in turn up. Do the same on the left hand, and then on both.
4. Sound-syllabic analysis of words
We name the pictures: ears, bumblebee, pencil (see Appendix 2).
One-to-many game. Ear - ears, bumblebee - bumblebees, pencil - pencils, etc.
We coordinate the names of the pictures with the numerals 1-2-5-9. We speak aloud (in chorus or individually).
We determine the number of syllables in each word (saying the word out loud and clapping on each syllable), mark it with arcs on the diagram.
We select the sound [Ш] in each word, mark it on the diagram (in the rectangle under the picture): in the right place (beginning, middle or end of the word) with the right color (blue).
We select vowel sounds in the word "ears".
We designate them on the diagram (in the right place with the right color - red).
remember all the vowels sounds Russian language.
We pronounce reverse syllables with vowels and the sound [Ш] - ASh, OSh, USh, YSH, ISH, ESH (with visual support on the board).
5. Differentiation of sounds [С] and [Ш].
We recall the articulation of the sound [С] and compare it with the articulation of the sound [Ш]. The speech therapist draws the children's attention to the position of the tongue when articulating the sounds [S] and [Sh].
The attention game "name the sound correctly."
The game is based on a different position of the tongue (lower and upper, respectively) when articulating the sounds [C] and [W]:
The position of the fist with a protruding thumb raised up indicates the sound [Ш]; a fist with a protruding thumb, lowered down, denotes the sound [C]. The speech therapist shows these positions in turn many times in a row, gradually increasing the pace and changing the frequency of alternation. The task of children is to correctly name the sound aloud for each position.
Game "Finish the sentence correctly":
They put in a bowl ... CASH,
The firefighter put on ... a HELMET.
The writer composed ... TOWER,
The artist painted ... FABLE.
Sleeps sweetly in a lair ... BOWL,
On the table with the salad... BEAR.
In the field, the earth I ... PASS,
In the meadows of cows ... PASH.
We transform words (replace the sound [W] in the word with the sound [C] - what word will it turn out?)
SHAYKA - SHAYKA
JOKES - DAYS
STIHL - STYLE
STUKI - STUKI
BAYONET - JOINT
YOUR - YOU
OUR - US
MOUSE - CAPE
6. Bottom line.
At the end of the lesson, the speech therapist makes a riddle:
The goose scares everyone with this sound,
It is spoken by the snake
A punctured ball flies with him,
Say this sound, friends!
Children name the sound [Ш] and its main characteristics: a consonant, always a hard, deaf sound.
Appendix 2
Subject: Introduction to always a hard consonant[Ш] and the letter Ш. Mastering the sound analysis of words. Syllabic analysis of words. Work with schemes of the sound composition of words. Agreement of numerals with nouns in the genitive case. Auditory-pronunciation differentiation of sounds [Ш] and [С].
Homework
1. Name the picture (jester).
2. Determine aurally whether there is a sound [Ш] in the word. Determine its place in the word. Mark with the desired color on the diagram of the sound composition of the word.
3. Aurally determine which vowel the sound is "hidden" in the word. name it. Mark with the right color in the right place on the diagram.
4. Determine the number of syllables in a word (slap). Mark with an arc under the diagram (below). Compare with quantity vowels sounds.
Annex 1.
List of sources used:
1. Z.E. Agranovich "A collection of homework to help speech therapists and parents" - riddles, finger exercises.
2. Irina Lopukhina "Speech therapy: exercises for the development of speech" - a selection of exercises for differentiating sounds [Ш] and [С].
3. Website "ped-kopilka.ru" - riddles.
4. Internet - site "office.microsoft.com" - pictures.
Topic: "Sound and letter Sh"
Goals
1. To consolidate the skill of a clear pronunciation of the sound Ш in syllables, words, phrases.
2. Learn to select signs and actions for nouns.
3. Decline in cases a phrase from an adjective and a noun.
4. Learn to select related words for the word bear.
5. Consolidate the skill of reading syllables, words, sentences.
1. Develop sound analysis and synthesis skills.
2. Fix the skill of highlighting sounds at the beginning, middle, end of a word.
3. Determine the place of sound in a word.
4. Develop phonemic hearing, memory, attention.
5. Develop general motor skills and coordination of movements.
Equipment: individual pictures, a manual for reading syllables, cash registers for letters, a typesetting canvas in the form of a steam locomotive, a series of story paintings, sentence schemes, a toy bear cub, pictures for composing words.
Organizing time.
caregiver: "Hello guys! I am glad to welcome you. Let's start our lesson with a slogan:
We always speak beautifully
Clear and unhurried
We remember for sure
What was taught in class.
The one who calls the words with the sound Sh will sit down.
2. Announcement of the topic of the lesson.
Guys, today a teddy bear came to visit us. We will show him what we have learned and repeat the sound and the letter Sh.
3. Work on the topic.
1) Articulation and characterization.
The bear still does not know how to pronounce the sound Sh. Let's teach him?
What do our lips do when we pronounce this sound?
(Pull out with a tube)
Where is the language? (At the top behind the upper teeth)
What is he? Narrow or wide? (tongue wide, cupped)
Does it sound hard or soft? (He's always hard)
Vowel or consonant sound Sh? (Consonant)
Tell Mishka what sound Sh? (Child gives a description)
What color house does he live in? (Sound Sh lives in a blue house.)
2) Reproduction of syllable rows, tongue twisters.
The game "Listen, remember, repeat"
SHA-SHO-SHA, SHU-SHI-SHO, SHI-SHE-SHA, SHA-SHO-SHI
SHA-SHA-SHA - our Masha is good.
SHU-SHU-SHU- I'm wearing a new fur coat.
SHI-SHI-SHI- Misha and Masha are kids.
3) The game "echo"
Replace the first sound in words with the sound Sh.
Slipper-hat
Mouse-bump
Lips - fur coats
sorry - shawl
soap - awl
folder - hat
4) Selection of signs and actions to the subject.
Guys, do you think the bear liked your answers?
Let's see what it is? (plush, eared, playful, clumsy, toy, smart)
What does he do (walks, staggers, hears, hurries, dances, makes noise,
5) Selection of related words.
Choose related words for the word bear. (Mishutka, teddy bear, mishkin)
6) SELECTION OF PICTURES FOR a given sound
Let's ride our bear on the train.
Look, you have pictures in the envelopes. Imagine that these are train tickets. Choose a picture in the name of which lives the sound Sh.
7) Determining the place of sound in a word.
In the first car, put pictures where the sounds of Sh live at the beginning of the word., In the second - in the middle, in the last - at the end of the word. For example: “I will put a hat in the first car, because in the word hat the sound Sh lives at the beginning of the word. »
(Children put up pictures and line up on the train.)
4. Physical Minute.
Steam locomotive buzzed
And the wagons drove
Shu-shoo-shoo, shoo-shoo-shoo
Girls and boys
I'll go fast. (children imitate the movement of the train)
5. Diploma
Introduction to letters.
How is a sound different from a letter? The sound "sh" is denoted by the letter "sha". Compare big and small. What does it look like? Think of words that begin with the sound "sh".
6. Bottom line.
Well done boys!. What letter are you familiar with? What did you learn about the "sh" sound?
The purpose of the lesson: we study the letter Ш, the formation of reading skills, the development of speech skills, the improvement of phonemic hearing, the basics of an elementary graphic skill.
- to introduce the preschooler to the letter Ш, the correct pronunciation of the sound;
- teach to write the capital letter Ш in the cells;
- to form an interest in learning with poems and riddles.
Name what is shown in the pictures below:
Balls Bumblebee Cones Chess
The water was turned off in the brother-in-law's house. Shura opens the faucet - there is no water, only the air hisses: sh-sh-sh ...
- How does the air in the faucet hiss?
- What was the girl's name?
- What is the first sound in the word SHURA?
- What sound is there in the word HAT, and in the word MOUSE, and in the word SHOWER?
- At the beginning, at the end or in the middle of the word sound [w] in the word HAT? - SHOWER? - MOUSE? - FUR COAT? - CAT?
When we pronounce the sound [w], the tip of the tongue rises behind the upper teeth, the teeth are almost compressed, there is only a narrow gap between them. Say: SHSHSH. Both the tongue and the teeth prevent the air from escaping freely from the mouth when we pronounce the sound [sh].
- Vowel or consonant sound [w]?
- Is this sound voiced or dull?
- Why?
- What other consonants do you know?
Task: Printing the letter Sh for preschoolers
Consider the letter Sh. We sewed the letter Sh in the air and once in the notebook carefully in the cells with a simple pencil or ballpoint pen.
In cases where a child is asked to write a whole line of a letter, syllable or word, the adult gives a spelling pattern at the beginning of the line.
If a preschooler has difficulties, then an adult can draw two reference lines, or put anchor points that the child will connect with lines, or write the letters in their entirety, and the child will simply circle them in a different color. Calligraphy at this stage of training should not be required.
Continue the phrase
If we grow on spruces,
We are there, we are in business.
And on the foreheads of the children
Nobody needs ... (bumps).
I made a shirt for a bear.
I will sew him ... (pants).
Everyone rejoices today!
In the hands of a child
Dancing for joy
Balloons).
The bear hears out of the corner of his ear,
Like a fly buzzing in your ear.
Teddy bear grab a fly with its paw!
Don't hear the flies!
But the bear cannot understand
Why over the ear ... (bump).
Tale about the letter Sh
How the mouse was naughty
Mouse Mouse was a terrible naughty. For example, his dad is going to work somewhere. He fumbles, fumbles through all the closets: looking for his slippers, pants, scarf and hat, but they are nowhere to be found.
Mouse! Where is my stuff?! - menacingly asks dad.
- I ate them ... Accidentally ...
- How did you eat? Oh you fool!
- Well, what are you making noise? Mom intervenes.
- He was joking.
- Did you also eat your hat as a joke last year?!
Or the Mouse will climb behind the screen and rustle there: shur-shur-shur ...
Cat!!! Mom squeals, and together with Dad they shy away under the closet.
Or tie a string to a hose and pull it across the room.
A snake ... - dad whispers and, together with mom, faints.
- This is not life, but a nightmare! - Dad is indignant.
“We weren’t so naughty back in the day.
Riddles for children with the letter Sh
Our aunt needle
She led a line across the field.
line by line,
Line by line.
There will be a dress for your daughter.
(Sewing machine)
I held your tail in my hand,
You flew, I ran.
(Balloon)
On the squares of the board
The kings brought down the regiments.
No for battle with regiments
No bullets, no bayonets.
(Chess)
Proverbs and sayings with the letter Sh
If you chase two hares, you won't catch one.
Know more and say less.
Being a guest is good, but being at home is better.
Toys for a cat, tears for a mouse.
On a mouse and a cat beast.
Murder will out.
If you don't see, climb the mountain, if you don't understand, ask the elder.
I made a mistake that I hurt myself - forward science.
Hurry up and make people laugh.
With whom you lead, from that you will gain.
The sooner you start, the sooner you finish.
Funny poems about the letter Sh for children
What do we have in the forest with the letter Sh?
This bump flopped, rustling.
A bumblebee and a hornet rummage noisily in the porridge.
Insects rustle in the wild rose.
What else is in the forest with the letter Sh?
Noise and rustle near the hut.
(M. Yasnov)
The mutt barks very loudly.
The mongrel knows very well:
The one who says "woof" louder
He will always be right!
(B. Zakhoder)
Air balloon,
Playful,
Naughty,
Ran away with the wind
And where to?
And he didn't say.
(F. Bobylev)
The ball was rolled up,
Don't run out the window.
And now I'll inflate him
I will go outside with him.
(G. Satir)
Scarf
I walked through the forest and was afraid ...
Someone's scarf caught me.
Immediately the forest did not become scary.
- Hey, who lost the scarf?
(G. Vieru)
She sewed a fur coat -
I sewed a skirt
Sewed a hat
I sewed a slipper!
Good seamstress Natasha!
(E. Blaginina)
Bumblebee sells balloons.
The balls are so naughty!
Balls rustle and burst into the sky,
And the silk threads are torn.
(G. Satir)
The bumblebee darted, rustled in the sage,
The bumblebee made a terrible noise.
How many things has he done?
Even the hornet woke up.
(A. Pudval)
The sword swallower was not joking,
Five swords fearlessly swallowed.
Hey rascals! Add a step!
Bring me the sixth sword.
(V. Berestov)
Rustling autumn bushes.
Leaves rustle on the tree.
Rustling reeds.
And the rain rustles.
And the mouse, rustling,
In a hurry to the hole.
And there they quietly rustle
Six nimble little mice.
But everyone around is outraged:
- How the rascals rustled!
(A. Usachev)
Lesson summary:
- The pronunciation of new words increases the vocabulary of a preschooler, develops speech and memory.
- Cell exercises develop fine motor skills of the hands.
- Riddles develop in children ingenuity, the ability to analyze and prove. Educators use riddles when teaching children to increase interest during complex tasks.
- Poems affect not only the development of memory. It has been proven that if you learn several lines every day, new neural connections appear in the brain, and the overall learning ability increases.
Abstract of a lesson on teaching literacy in the senior group
Topic: "The sound and the letter Sh."
Tasks:
Introduce the letter W;
consolidate the skill of pronouncing the sound Ш in words, phrases;
develop the skill of sound analysis, division into syllables;
develop graphic skills;
develop phonemic awareness;
develop speech activity, attention, imagination, thinking;
develop skills of self-control and mutual control when performing a task;
Equipment:
cards for characterizing sound, pictures with sound Ш, rulers and chips for sound analysis, didactic doll (mouse), letter Ш, syllables, alphabet for each child, counting sticks,
Course progress.
Org.moment:
Invented by someone
Simple and wise
Say hello when you meet.
Good morning!
Good morning sun and birds.
Good morning smiling faces!
I want to wish you all a good morning, good afternoon today, and especially for you, because you came to study, to learn a lot of new things.
– do you want to do everything? (Yes!)
– So, let's get busy.
Introduction to the topic.
Today in the lesson we will get acquainted with a new sound and letter. But first, let's remember how a sound differs from a letter.
(We pronounce and hear sounds, and we write and read letters).
We can't see the sound
And we can't take it.
We can only hear the sound
And also to say it.
What two groups are all sounds divided into? (Sounds are divided into vowels and consonants).
Let's repeat the letters we have learned. List them as vowels and consonants.
Guys, someone came to visit us today, listen to the riddle:
Lives in a mink, gnaws crusts.
Short legs; afraid of cats. (mouse)
Guys, this mouse is called Shusha. He came up with a lot of interesting tasks for you.
What sound is repeated in the words Shusha and little mouse?
– That's right, it's the sound [w]. Today in the lesson we will fix the pronunciation of the sound [w]. But before that, together with the mouse, we will do articulation gymnastics
Articulation gymnastics.
A fat mouse came to visit us (we puff out our cheeks),
Compared to him, we are thin - only skin and bones (we draw in our cheeks).
We all smiled at him (lips in a wide smile, upper and lower teeth are visible),
We all reached out to kiss him (lips stretch forward).
Characteristics of the sound "Sh".
Guys, our guest Shusha is a very scary naughty. Shusha crawls under the closet and rustles there: shur - shur - shur
– Guys, how did Shusha rustle?
– That's right, let's all say together: shur - shur - shur.
– What sound is at the beginning of these words?
– Let's pronounce it.
– What do our lips do when we pronounce the sound [w]?
– Lips move forward. Do they look like a bagel or a straw?
– That's right, they're round like a donut.
– What does our tongue do when we pronounce the sound [w]?
– Open your mouth, show where your tongue is when we pronounce the sound [sh].
– The tongue rises to the palate, behind the upper teeth. And what kind of air - warm or cold - comes out of the mouth when we pronounce the sound [w]? Let's put our hand to our mouth and say shhhh.
– The air is warm.
– Correctly, when we say [w], the lips are rounded, slightly pushed forward, the wide tongue rises to the tubercles behind the upper teeth. The jet of air comes out warm.
– Guys, what is the [w] sound like: a vowel or a consonant?
– Correct, sound [w] is a consonant, voiced or deaf sound [w]?
– Deaf.
– Is the [w] sound hard or soft?
– Yes, that’s right, the sound [w] is a solid, deaf, consonant sound. This sound has a peculiarity, it is never soft, always hard.
What color chip will we mark the sound [w]?(with a blue chip).
Didactic game: " Catch the sound" (clapping)
a) w, k, t, w, p
b) sha, ta, shi, us, sho
c) fur coat, cuckoo, house, car, flower, Masha.
Working on a tongue twister "A hat and a fur coat - that's the whole Mishutka"
Fizminutka . "Mouse"
Jump - yes lope, jump - yes lope
The mouse jumped on the stump.
She beats the drum loudly
Calls to play leapfrog.
Paws up, paws down
On your toes, pull up!
We put our paws on the side,
On toes, jump-jump-jump.
And then squatting
So that the paws do not freeze.
Determining the position of a sound in words, division into syllables.
There are pictures on the table.
Guys, look what an interesting task the mouse has prepared for us.
Girls need to choose pictures where the sound [w] is at the beginning of the word, boys,
where is the sound [w] in the middle of the word .. Pictures: pants, hat, fur coat, hat,
shorts, bear, horse, cat, mouse, monkey, frog.
Girls as one word you can call all the pictures that you found (clothes).
Boys, how can you call all the pictures in one word (animals).
Name words that have one, two, three syllables.
The game "Collect a word from sounds."
Guys, let's teach our guest to catch sounds and collect them into words. Ready: d-u-sh - shower(where is the sound hidden w in this word) M-a-sh-a, sh-u-b-a.
Sound analysis of the word. How many sounds are in the word SHUBA? Name vowel sounds, consonants.
Take the audio rulers and lay out this word. Check each other's work.
Getting to know the letter W .
– Guys, the sound [w] is denoted like this - the letter Sh. (sha)
What does the letter Sh look like (children's answers)
Masha ted the hay
I forgot the pitchfork in the hay! ( picture)
- How many elements are in this letter?(count together)
Writing a letter in the air.
Laying out a letter (from sticks)
Let's go, Shusha, let's see who made a beautiful letter.
Find the place of the letter in the alphabet.
Reading syllables:
(ash. sha, ush. shu, osh. sho) .
Outcome.
What sound and letter did we meet today?
What else did you learn?
