Cash reward for parachute jumping (landing with equipment). They jump out of bed, and in the airborne forces they make parachute jumps How many jumps a paratrooper makes during his service

The main indicator that limits the height for making a parachute jump can be called a vehicle aircraft.

Not a single aircraft that transports people is capable of rising above 26 thousand meters. And even at this altitude, the aircraft flies at too high a speed for a person to jump out of the aircraft.

However, spaceships are able to climb much higher, but their movement in space is even faster, so a paratrooper with a parachute will need a heat-resistant suit to survive, leaving the limits of the spacecraft.

There is only one aircraft that allows people to be transported besides the aircraft and the spacecraft - the balloon. The highest mark that this aircraft can climb is 34.668 meters. This is an absolute record demonstrated by the officers of the United States Navy, Victor Prater and Malcolm Ross, at the time when they moved from the Antietam to Mexico, and this was on May 4, 1961. But they did not jump.

The man's parachute jump from the highest point was made by Joseph Kittinger of the United States Air Force. He made such a result from a balloon, which on August 16, 1960, rose to a height of 31 thousand 333 meters. Joseph was in a state of free fall for four minutes and 36 seconds, developing an average speed of 1 thousand 150 kilometers per hour. The parachute was deployed at around five and a half thousand meters.

Parachute Jumping Standards for Paratroopers

For a parachute jump, you can call a safe height from 400 meters to 4 kilometers.

If we talk about the maximum permissible lowest altitude, the paratroopers consider the height less than fifty meters "bordering on suicide." Back in 2003, professional stuntman Harry Connery made a parachute jump from the monument to Nelson's Column (from a height of 51.5 meters), which is located in Trafalgar Square.

A large number of times, paratroopers parachuted from the top of the statue of Christ the Savior, located in Rio de Janeiro, jumped from St. Paul's Cathedral in London, and the height of these monuments is slightly more than 100 meters.

A little earlier, in October of the year before last, a paratrooper jump was made from the most significant height - 135,890 feet (over 40 thousand meters), which was made by the vice-head of Google Alan Eustace. He was able to beat the previous planet record of 127,852.4 feet (38,969.4 meters), which was set by a parachutist from Australia in 2012, Felix Baumgartner. In two cases, the parachutists were dressed in a spacesuit specially designed for them.

In a standard setting, a parachute jump is performed from a height of 4 thousand 200 meters. Above the accepted level, the risk of oxygen starvation increases. In addition, when jumping from a height that is more established, a dense flow of oncoming air can reflect some problems for the parachutist.

In the lower atmospheric layers, the falling speed of a paratrooper in the process of a long jump increases only at the moment of the first ten seconds (over the first hundred meters). The resistance of the air mass increases so significantly with increasing speed that very soon the moment comes when the speed does not change anymore. The movement from acceleration turns into a uniform one.

When falling through the upper, more rarefied atmospheric layers, the person will fly faster than the final speed when falling in the lower layers, when the paratrooper meets them and the resistance reaches its peak. In essence, a person is confronted with the atmosphere. At the time of the parachute jump in 1960, Kittinger described this force as shocking: at an altitude of 23 thousand meters, it showed 1.2 g (g is the overload value).

A fall from 75 thousand meters would have made a huge impact of 3 g at an altitude of 31 thousand meters, which would last over 20 seconds. After that, the jump would not have been anything remarkable. Paratroopers entering the lower atmospheric layers will not feel any problems from overloading over 3 g if their bodies are positioned across the air stream to continue their time in the atmosphere, but they will be significantly hot.

Kittinger was wearing a special suit, the purpose of which was to protect him from underestimated pressure in the stratosphere. But the hardest thing in such jumps is to maintain the position of stability in the process of free fall. In addition, Kittinger's equipment included a small stabilizing parachute, but it was not useful to him. Due to malfunctions, the parachute could not open, and the parachutist was brought into a tailspin. Kittinger was spinning very quickly, about 120 rpm, the G-level was 22 g. At the time of such overloads, the stuntman lost consciousness. The main parachute was able to deploy thanks to a special automatic deployment device.

One of the highest jumps in the sky was planned to be part of Project Moose. It was considered a development of the United States of America, which began in the early 1960s, and its object was a program that would allow an astronaut to parachute into low orbit of our planet directly from a spacecraft. It was assumed that an astronaut with equipment would put a parachute on his chest, and a folded plastic bag on his back. A pressurized balloon must expand the bag and fill it with polyurethane foam, which will create a heat shield. The astronaut leaves orbit, after which he begins to fall. Protected from high temperatures by a shield, it waits until it reaches the lower atmospheric layers, after which the parachute opens and the shield is removed.

The work done by the General Electric organization demonstrated that the idea, although very good at first glance, was not impracticable. A sample refractory shield was created and foam samples were sent to the spacecraft. However, neither NASA nor the Air Force paid much attention to this venture.

• "Of the five thousand residents of Rostov, celebrating the Day of the Airborne Forces, only one and a half thousand actually served in the airborne troops"
  

Today is the day of the Airborne Forces!

Day of the Airborne Troops!

Day of the Paratroopers or "Landings"!

Of course, every year, the "Landings" are becoming quieter. The grandiose fights and showdowns with the "Watermelon" mafia in the markets are slowly becoming a thing of the past. Still, our country is becoming more and more tough to all lawlessness on the one hand, on the other hand, we are fighting in some parts of the ball. And it has long been noticed that if the country's Army is waging real hostilities, fewer people bathe in fountains and go to protest rallies.

Therefore, the question of how to distinguish a real paratrooper from the one who simply puts on a vest and takes it, or maybe having made a “Throwing out” tattoo, is always relevant, thumps in a fountain and tells army tales.

By the way, this is how Muscovites differ. Anyone who has served in the Airborne Forces knows that among those drafted from Moscow, rotten soldiers are more common ...

Of course not all of them, there are many excellent fighters among the guys from Moscow. I myself had a "friend" in the army from the Capital.

But in all honesty, everyone knows that among the inhabitants of Moscow there are "not quite good comrades", more than from the outskirts of the country ...

We had a "Muscovite" in our company, the only communist among the soldiers. By the way, he was sent to the army after the "ball" (ball or fumble another slang expression in the army and the Airborne Forces) in civilian life. He was the released secretary of the Komsomol, I don't remember where. There was a respite, but it flew in and was sent to serve in the elite troops. I'm sure he bathes in a fountain and thumps in a beret and vest.

But for one real paratrooper there are several fake ones. So let's start learning how to identify a cheater. I will give below a few questions and some detailed answers to these questions.

Knowing the answers to these questions, you can identify a fake "Landing"!

1. Where did you serve?

The answer to the Airborne Forces or the DShB does not roll, as does the DMB (this is a demobilization!). As well as a place of service, such as Pskov, Ryazan, and so on. Maybe he heard enough of the army tales of his older brother or neighbor. By the way, in addition, in the military town of the airborne unit there may even be construction battalions. For example, in Pskov. If anyone remembers, the soldiers from the construction battalion went to the photographer and took a photo in the “demobilization parade with axels” and in a blue beret. They sent me home and boldly told me that they were serving in the Airborne Forces. Of course they did it in secret. The landing forces were not very fond of the construction battalion. In Pskov, there was a garrison lip (howbahta), this is a place where soldiers and officers are kept for minor and major violations of military discipline. The lip was guarded by the guard of the Pskov division

2. Part number?

Each military unit has a number. The unit number is hammered into the soldier's head. As well as the number of the machine and the military ID. I served almost 30 years ago and still remember.

3. What kind of VUS?

VUS, this military specialty is written on the Military ID. If such a Trooper, his soldier will show you, then looking at his VUS, you will understand who he really is. “Military registration specialty (VUS) - an indication of the military specialty of an active or in reserve serviceman of the Russian Armed Forces and other troops and formations. Information about the VUS is entered into the military ID. All VUS are subdivided into groups, the designation VUS itself is a multi-digit number (for example, VUS-250400).

Possible list of military specialties

Apparently, there are no open sources containing the decryption of the codes of all the currently operating VUS: the VUS catalog is a document of the Russian Ministry of Defense with a secret level of secrecy.

The first three digits of the VUS of warrant officers, sergeants, foremen and soldiers indicate specialization (VUS code), for example:

100 - rifle
101 - snipers
102 - grenade launcher
106 - military intelligence
107 - units and subdivisions of special forces
122 - BMD
461 - HF radio stations
998 - without military training, fit for military service
999 - the same, only with limited serviceability, etc.

The next three numbers indicate the position (position code):

97 - Xena
182 - KO
259 - MV
001 - accumulator, etc.

The letter at the end indicates "special features of service":

A - not having such
B - missile weapons specialists
D - Airborne Forces
K - crew of surface ships
M - MP
P - V.v.
R - PV (FPS)
S - Ministry of Emergency Situations (?)
T - building parts and subdivisions
F - SPN, etc.
E - Flight personnel for warrant officers, sergeants, soldiers

4. How many times did you jump? Usually you will hear mind-boggling numbers 30-40-50, and maybe 100 jumps. “The annual norm for a conscript soldier is 12 jumps, 6 in each training period. In general, parachute training is a prerequisite for service in the Airborne Forces. Everyone is landing - from general to private ”- interview to Shamanov. Who does not know, Vladimir Shamanov Commander of the Airborne Forces and Colonel General. Even in the USSR, jumping more than 20 times for military service was problematic. Because a soldier stood on guard (this is when a man with a rifle guards "Lip", warehouses and parks with equipment), went to the outfit in the park (where the equipment is located), finally to the outfit in the dining room (where he peeled potatoes, laid the table and washed the dishes), stood "on the bedside table" (company outfit), and so on ... In the army, self-service, the soldier did everything himself and to make the jump, no one freed him. Of course, there were sports companies in the army. These are free units, where the soldiers mainly train and play for the unit. For example, where I served, there was a "squadron". Conscripts are sports paratroopers who were engaged only in jumping and performing in competitions. But this is a separate caste, they even wore a peculiar uniform, officer's greatcoats and conscripts' shoulder straps. The rudiments of a contract army. I am not talking about contract sergeants and warrant officers. They were already professional military men then. But an ordinary paratrooper did not jump very much. As it is now. Only "for demobilization" could they buy a "nausea" (a parachutist's badge in the form of a dome with a suspension in the form of numbers according to the number of jumps) with a large number of jumps.

5. Did you jump in combat? Many fake paratroopers do not know that the Airborne Forces and special forces in every possible way, you can jump in several versions.

Here are the simplest ones:

Without weapons and RD (Paratrooper Backpack)

With taxiway and weapons in transport position. An assault rifle, SVD and even an RPG, in a special transport case, are “bolted” behind the back of a dashing assault force.

With RD and GK (Cargo Container)

With weapons "in combat", on the chest under the chest bridge of the harness. Allows you to fire when descending by parachute, straight from heaven.

Then there are night, forest, water, high-altitude and so on. Only inside the vehicle no one jumps, although this option has been worked out for the war. The son of the legendary founder of the Airborne Forces Vasily Margelov, Alexander Margelov, back in 1973, made a parachute jump inside the BMD-1. For this feat he was awarded the title of Hero of Russia, 20 years later ... Since then, more than 110 people have jumped inside the equipment, but these are testers. An ordinary paratrooper who will tell you about this is just pi ....!

6. Did you jump with the ISS? For reference, the ISS is a Multi-Dome System for the landing of equipment, such as the ISS-5-760. Man just can't jump with this crap. But I met Landings who claimed that they jumped with her ... In the Airborne Forces they jump mainly with parachutes: D-1-8 is the oldest parachute, created back in 1959. This parachute has the main advantage, the cover of the canopy clings through the lengthening halyard to an airplane or helicopter. The paratrooper doesn't even have a ring. They brought me to the hatch, gave a kick in the ass. Then everything works automatically without any devices. This is the perfect parachute for your first jump. 300% guarantee, the main thing is not to twist the lines when laying. D-1-5U is the oldest guided parachute. D-6 and all its modifications. You have seen this dome in most of the Airborne Forces movies. The paratroopers fly for a while on a stabilizing small canopy. The same canopy pulls out the main canopy of the parachute if you pull on the ring or when a safety device such as PPK-U is triggered. PPK-U - Semi-automatic Parachute Combined Unified (device) - designed to open the parachute knapsack (after a certain period of time at a certain height). Now they plan to supply the D-10 to the troops. PSN - Special Purpose Parachute. I jumped from PSN-71, it is more controllable. It has rolls for better handling (which we were forbidden to unlock) and locks on the harness. Upon landing, you can immediately unfasten the canopy. For example, in the wind, when jumping into water or in combat. Created for the Special Forces of the GRU and the reconnaissance company of the Airborne Forces. Software - Planning Shell. These are the same rectangular "wings" or "mattresses" on which all athletes are jumping now. From PO-9, the times of the USSR, to modern PO-16, PO-17 and the famous "Crossbows". The conscript has never jumped with such domes!

7. And finally, what is "Razor - smile"? Or did they shave you with a smile? This is a flexible hairpin from the same PPK-U device. In the Airborne Forces and civilian parachutists, the most fashionable keychain and souvenir. On the neck, on the keys, and so on. The hairpin, when unbending, specifically clings to the hairs, no worse than an epilator. In the army it is used as a punishment for careless soldiers, and just "for fun." Airborne humor, I shaved with a smile. Have you shaved with a smile? Understood only by the paratroopers.

In principle, there is still a lot of information that only those who served in the Airborne Forces can know. But I think that what I have written will be enough to identify the fake paratroopers who dishonor the glorious name of Uncle Vasya's Troops. Vasily Margelov is the founder of the Airborne Forces and the father of all paratroopers!

Happy Airborne Forces Day to all real paratroopers!
Nobody except us!

I work as a fitness instructor. I have a professional education and 25 years of coaching experience. I help people lose weight or gain muscle mass while maintaining their health. I conduct trainings via the Internet or in the "Mamba" fitness club in the city of Rostov-on-Don.

Every paratrooper is obliged to make parachute jumps - this is an axiom. There is no difference, whether it is the commander of the Airborne Forces or the trumpeter of the regimental orchestra, for which special bags are provided for musical instruments when landing. Both a blue beret and a vest with blue stripes are issued to a recruit only after the first three jumps with a parachute. The rank of a paratrooper must be earned by a test of the sky - if you fill the dome with air, then you are yours.

In the military registration and enlistment office, everyone is brave - I want to serve in the Airborne Forces, but when it comes to landing from an airplane with a parachute, even big guys start to drift openly before taking that very step overboard. Trainings on the ground, where the same countdown is practiced on simulators: "501, 502, 503, ring - dome!", At an altitude of 800 meters becomes a real test of courage. Someone is openly drifting, but in the airborne troops, as well as in the army, there is a rule: "If you cannot, we will teach, if you do not want, we will force."

- Refuseniks at the first jump is one person out of ten, this is a normal sense of self-preservation among young guys, - says reserve officer, master of sports of parachuting Alexander Aprelsky... - And the task of the issuer, and these are, as a rule, the airborne forces (airborne training), to airborne everyone who is in the plane or helicopter. A refusal worker is a problem, you have to land a plane, receive a scolding from the authorities for the lack of moral and psychological training of a subordinate, transfer a soldier to ground units. It's easier to just push it overboard - the opening device will still work after three seconds and the dome will work to open. Here is such an elk standing in the doorway of the An-2, resting its feet and hands and yelling with fear, and the landing site is already below and the aircraft commander has already turned on the "howler" to the squad. The method used was tough, but simple. A kick from behind between the legs - the skydiver's arms fall, it remains to kick in the butt so that the "body" goes into free flight. Later, on the ground, you ask: “Why did you stop? Why didn't you jump? " And he, happy, says that he does not remember anything and, they say, he made the jump himself and is ready even now for the second.

Surely every paratrooper retained in his memory the sensations of the first parachute jump - these are memories for a lifetime, more abruptly than the first kiss with a classmate. From personal, too, there is something to remember.

It was back in 1984, when I, a military journalist, arrived at the divisional newspaper of the 106th Tula airborne division. After the official introductions, as was the custom at that time, I was "sent" to the nearest grocery store. And when he crossed the small parade ground of the division headquarters, he did not pay any attention to the colonel passing by about ten meters and did not greet him.

A thin face with a thin thread of light mustache, narrowed predatory eyes, an impeccably seated uniform - just a White Guard officer from films about the Civil War. “Hello,” I almost extended my hand to him, but stopped short of a look in which one could read extraordinary contempt.

“Why no signs? Where is the "Guard", where is the parachutist's sign?

“So I arrived the first day! The "Guard" was not handed over, and I never jumped with a parachute at all, - I squinted my eyes at my "diamond", which hung lonely on my chest.

"Maybe you, Comrade Lieutenant, also have white socks?"

The socks really, for the sake of the then fashion, were not statutory, but white, which I demonstrated to the strict officer.

"The chief of intelligence to me!" The colonel growled.

In less than a minute, the captain ran to the colonel Puzankov- Deputy Head of the Intelligence Department.

“This,” the colonel hissed without looking at me, “to throw out with a parachute tomorrow. Hand over the "Guard" and the "first-ranger".

Drenched in contempt, I no longer existed for him, he did not even give me the scolding that only a real paratrooper deserved.

The next day, the commander of the divisional reconnaissance company, Guard Captain Sasha Khabarov in accordance with the order "threw" me out of the plane. I was presented with signs and ordained to the paratroopers, having beaten off the soft seat, as it should be, with a "spare" - a reserve parachute. After that, I fell in love with the open sky and made over 150 more jumps.

And the stern colonel is the zamkom diva Alexander Chindarov, already by the time of our acquaintance had great authority in the army: it was not easy to get the Order of the Red Star even in Afghanistan. Later, in 1994, being the deputy commander of the Airborne Forces, Lieutenant General Chindarov refused to storm Grozny, saying that he needed two weeks to prepare: he would not throw untrained soldiers into battle. For this he was fired from the army by the then Minister of Defense. Pavel Grachev.

After a while, talking to Chindarov on the phone, I asked if he remembered me. Alexander Alekseevich hesitated, they say, a lot of you, lieutenants, passed through me. “White socks,” I suggested. “Oh, of course I remember! You are the only one I got in my entire service! " - and in his voice there was either joy of recognition, or regret that he had not rolled in to me then according to the full amphibious program.

And to the paratrooper's question, they say, how many times he jumped, each of them will answer: "They jump out of bed in the army, and in the Airborne Forces they make parachute jumps!"

Skydiving is popular in the modern world. Some people are professionally involved in this sport, for others skydiving is a way to tickle the nerves and get a dose of adrenaline. Has anyone wondered how many lines a parachute has?

What is a parachute?

The parachute is an ingenious and simple invention of the engineer from St. Petersburg Kotelnikov Gleb Evgenievich. He was the first to create a knapsack device, received a patent for his invention in one thousand nine hundred and twelve.

A parachute is a hemisphere made of fabric, to which a load or a harness is attached by slings. It is designed to slow down and soften falls from a height. Used for the safe landing of a person or cargo, it has several varieties.

How many lines do parachutes have?

This is, of course, a very interesting question. There are several types of parachutes, all of them with a different number of lines. There is a main parachute and a reserve, landing, army and cargo parachute. There are main and additional slings, all of them are made of high-quality durable fiber, they can withstand a load (each) of up to two hundred kilograms. To answer the question of how many lines a parachute has, you need to consider each instance separately.

Army parachute

The military has used the same series of parachutes for many years. From the sixties to the present day, these are the D-5 and D-6 parachutes. They differ in size, weight and number of lines.

How many lines does the D-5 military parachute have? There are twenty-eight of them, nine meters each. The parachute itself is in the shape of a canopy, there is no way to control it. Land with him as and where you are lucky. This is the only, but serious disadvantage of this series.

Then the D-6 parachute was released. It has thirty lines. Twenty-eight are normal, and two are for dome control. They are located in the side cuts of the parachute. By pulling on these lines, you can turn and deploy the canopy in the desired direction. This is a very useful quality if the landing does not take place at a training ground, but in mountainous conditions, woodlands or in a place where there are water bodies.

Paratrooper parachute

In order for the paratroopers to feel calm during the jump, they are provided with D-10 series parachutes. This is an improved version of the D-6. It has the shape of a squash, the size of the dome is one hundred square meters! This parachute can be easily controlled even by a novice parachutist. Ease of control depends on how many lines there are in the parachute: the more there are, the easier it is to control.

D-10 has twenty-six main lines: twenty-two four-meter lines and two seven-meter lines, attached to the loops in the slots of the dome. There are also twenty-two additional slings located on the outside, their length is three meters, made of durable ShKP-150 cord.

There are also twenty-four additional inner lines. They are attached to additional slings. Two additional are attached to the second and fourteenth at once. This is the answer to the question of how many lines are in an airborne parachute. The D-10 is considered one of the safest parachutes in history.

Why do you need a reserve parachute?

The reserve parachute must be kept by the parachutist when jumping. It is intended for emergency deployment when the main one does not open or if it is twisted. In such a situation, it does not matter whether the canopy is controlled or not, how many lines the parachutes have - none of the additional lines will help. Of course, an experienced skydiver will try to spread the main one first, which will waste extra time. If it was not possible to straighten it, then the reserve parachute will save the situation. It opens quickly and easily.

To learn how to use a spare tire, you don't need to go through a lot of trainings, even a child can cope with this task.

How many lines does a reserve parachute have? Typically, these parachutes are the same for all major types. These are series 3 and 4. The slings in the spare are arranged in four groups. Each has six lines. In total, we get twenty-four. Of course, a reserve parachute is not designed for control, its main task is to quickly open up and save a person's life.

What you need to know when you skydive for the first time?

If you are not in and skydiving is just a dream, and not a conscription, then it is worth looking at the training courses first. Even if it is decided to jump with an instructor in tandem, training is necessary in order not to harm either yourself or the instructor. He is already scared to jump with a person, and even answer for someone's life. Such courses cost from three thousand rubles - it depends on the company providing these services.

Before going to the club, take care of obtaining a medical certificate: a heart attack during a jump is a serious and dangerous thing. And it can happen, because when you jump into the abyss, so much adrenaline is released that it will last for a year. And the fear of a jump can also lead to sad consequences if the heart is naughty. The pressure should also be the same as when entering the space forces. If you are overweight, then it is also worth consulting with your doctor, whether or not to jump.

If you are under the age of eighteen, written permission from your parents to make the jump will come in handy. Do not forget to warn them what you are going to do, without their written consent the instructor will not let you a kilometer to the parachute. People with mental disorders, after recent surgeries, with diseases of the musculoskeletal system, and respiratory tract diseases are not allowed to jump.

If your weight is more than one hundred and twenty kilograms, then you will be denied a tandem jump. Weight less than forty-five kilograms is a contraindication for a single jump. Pregnant women are also not allowed. First, calmly carry the child, do not hide your position from the instructor in order to make the jump.

Skydiving is the dream of many. Never drink alcohol in front of him. It is clear that the joy is off scale, but it is better to celebrate this event after the event, especially since you will not be allowed to jump with the smell of alcohol. And if you decide to drink so that it is not scary, then it is better to refrain from this venture altogether. And good luck to all those who have passed the medical examination!

The airborne troops carry out a huge range of combat missions. And airborne jumps are one of the main trump cards used by the paratroopers. For this purpose, specially prepared airplanes and helicopters are used. In equipping the Airborne Forces there is a large number of modern effective weapons, special equipment, military equipment, which allow them to cope with the tasks assigned to them with high efficiency.

The task of the Airborne Forces is to seize strategic industrial facilities, administrative and political centers, areas of concentration of forces of a potential enemy, capture and hold infrastructure nodes, mountain passes, crossings, communication lines; destruction of weapons of mass destruction, power plants, runways and airfields, and other key facilities; disruption of the enemy's work in the deep and near rear and the coordination of his forces, disrupting the movement of the enemy's reserves.

One of the main tasks of the Airborne Forces is associated with the implementation of operational-tactical airborne assault on especially important areas of potential local conflicts.

The fulfillment of such a task is impossible without parachute jumps of the Airborne Forces. In the Airborne Forces, personnel are trained especially scrupulously. Therefore, the paratroopers carefully familiarize themselves with the theoretical foundation of parachute jumps, landing techniques, modern parachute-jet and parachute systems, landing containers, platforms and systems with which weapons and military equipment are installed and dropped. Particular attention is paid to the study of current military transport aviation.

Jumps of the Airborne Forces at the stage of the emergence and development of the branch of service

The first jump in the Airborne Forces took place in the thirties of the last century. It was then that a new branch of the Red Army appeared - the Airborne Forces. The first paratroopers had to perform a completely accessible task - to land in a given area, where they were delivered by aviation equipment. At first, paratroopers with parachutes were transported on any aircraft in service: strategic heavy bombers TB-1 or training U-2, which were not the best solution for a young military branch. The choice of the flight vehicle depended on the number of paratroopers carried.

It turned out to be more difficult to resolve the issue of transporting cars, armored vehicles or guns. We decided to opt for the TB-1 bomber. To create specialized systems, with the help of which the equipment was to be successfully landed, an OKB was created. Among the very first types of weapons adapted for air transportation and landing, the mountain cannon with a caliber of 76 mm, invented in 1909, was chosen for its suitable weight and dimensions. The crew of the gun was transported along with the gun and had the ability to parachute out of the aircraft, slightly reducing the flight performance of the bomber. Then the first parachute jump in the Airborne Forces took place, and since then the paratroopers have come a long way.

Airborne parachute jumps in the modern Russian army

Fast forward to the modern life of the soldiers of the Airborne Forces. In 2012, servicemen of this type of troops in military service performed more than 11 thousand parachute jumps in just one week! Including jumps of the Airborne Forces from the Ila-76 amounted to more than four hundred. Nowadays, jumps during large daylight hours are performed with an intensity of two parachute jumps per minute, and even more often.

There was a report on how many jumps are made in the Airborne Forces, for example, in a unit stationed in Ivanovo. As it turned out, 2800 jumps per division. In the mountain, airborne assault formation, stationed in Novorossiysk, and the Tula airborne division, the paratroopers make 2000 jumps each. The cadets of the Ryazan school manage to make more than one and a half thousand jumps within one week.

Airborne jumps were more regular in the Soviet Army. For example, in the 80s, an ordinary paratrooper made about 30 airborne jumps from an Il-76 for military service. In the 90s, their number sharply decreased, but today we can again observe a gradual increase in the role of the combat training of paratroopers, which means an increase in the number of airborne jumps with a parachute for cadets and conscripts.

Training Airborne Forces recruits in the art of airborne assault

Many jumps are made by representatives of the young replenishment arriving in the airborne forces. Young soldiers have to do a lot of airborne training. The proud title of paratroopers is awarded to them after they make their first parachute jumps.

In addition, Ryazan constantly trains and trains technicians specializing in parachute devices. There are also seminars for the retraining of commanders of airborne units. They are studying the issues of landing and training of military equipment. In the summer, which is characterized by favorable weather conditions, the plans of the Russian paratroopers are to perform more than 35 thousand airborne jumps with a parachute.

It is categorically impossible to force people who do not know how to control themselves in the sky to make parachute jumps. To exclude a random fall, the D-5 and D-6 parachutes are equipped with a stabilizing exhaust canopy. Due to the presence of the canopy, the skydiver cannot be carried away in a disorderly fall. To an inexperienced person it seems that the earth is everywhere from him. The function of the stabilizing canopy is that the lines did not interfere with the skydiver's exit into the sky. The dome comes out first, after which, within five seconds, the PPK-u device is triggered, opening the knapsack. The satchel is equipped with a double-cone lock, which can be opened either with a ring or with a device. The skydiver can pull the ring without waiting for the expiration of five seconds of free fall. With the help of a stabilizing parachute, the canopy is fully extended from the parachute knapsack.

Airborne jumps with IL-76

Speaking about the training of paratroopers, one cannot but mention the role of the military transport aviation. Airborne jumps from the Il-76 can be called the most effective today. The main military transport aircraft Il-76 easily copes with the following tasks:

• parachute landing of l / s units;
• parachute landing of standard military equipment and cargo;
• landing landing of l / s airborne units;
• landing landing of military equipment and cargo of specified dimensions;
• transportation and evacuation of the wounded to the rear.

Each of the above options provides for the use of specialized equipment.

When landing from the Il-76, they use:

• two streams to the side doors, to minimize the possibility of convergence of parachutists in the air;
• three streams, one of which goes into the ramp, and the other two - into the side doors;
• four streams - two each into the ramp and side doors (if there are combat conditions).

During the landing of personnel, the aircraft's speed reaches 300-t km / h. Let us note the tightness of the IL-76 cargo compartment. If it is necessary to make long-distance flights at high altitude, the pressure in the aircraft cabin is equal to the pressure at an altitude of 2.5 km. Airborne jumps from the Il-76 for many years have been considered one of the safest and most effective types of landing. In emergency cases, all seats are equipped with oxygen masks, so all paratroopers have the opportunity to individually receive oxygen nutrition.

Pre-jump training in the Airborne Forces

Before preparing a real paratrooper, you must undergo serious combat training. Pre-jump training in the Airborne Forces is delivered at the most modern level. Not a single paratrooper is allowed to do real skydiving without careful special training.

The Il-76 is an aircraft that fully complies with the tasks assigned to the paratroopers. In the cabin of the aircraft, all the nuances are provided due to which the safety of parachute jumps is achieved. Traffic lights are installed at all exits from the plane. Traffic lights are installed on both sides of the ramp. Green light comes on with the words "Let's go", yellow - with the command "Prepare", red - with the command "End". When the yellow traffic light is turned on, a short siren is turned on simultaneously, and when the green traffic light is turned on, a long roaring siren is turned on. She continues to roar until there is not a single parachutist on the plane.

Every paratrooper who performed parachute jumps in the Airborne Forces will never be able to forget this siren. During a long flight, the engine hums smoothly and calmly, which is conducive to sleep, but because of the sound of the siren, nothing remains from sleep. After the command "Prepare" and a short warning siren, each paratrooper jumps, waiting for the command to jump into the sky.

Photo and video of airborne jumps

Photos of airborne jumps are especially spectacular. You can admire the parachutists flying in the sky, the second suspended deck of the Il-76MD transport, the Il-76 cargo compartment. Due to the increased capacity, the cargo compartment of the Il-76 transport can accommodate three BMD-1s, and can drop them by parachute or landing method.

Among the aircraft's capabilities is the landing of four cargoes weighing 10 tons each, or two cargoes weighing 21 tons. The Il-76MD is produced in a two-deck version and is capable of transporting up to 225 soldiers, and not as in a single-deck version - no more than 145 fighters.

It is always delightful to watch the landing of equipment from the Il-76 aircraft. Airborne jumping video, thanks to the Internet, anyone can watch today. An interesting fact is the establishment of high-altitude world records by Soviet paratroopers. These jumps of our sportsmen-parachutists were made in 1975, and then in 1977. Girls jumped with parachutes from the Il-76 plane, flying at an altitude of over fifteen thousand meters. And so far no one has managed to break the records set at that time.

Airborne parachute jumping videos can convey the external impression of this unique and exciting process. And the skydivers themselves consider this the most exciting moments of their lives. Each jump is different from the previous one. The first jump delivers a lot of emotions.

To jump with the D-5 parachute, an altitude of 800 to 1000 meters is required. With a minimum drop height of 600 meters. The period from the moment you exit the plane until the moment when the parachute should open is 200 meters. The parachutist has to fly about six hundred meters under the dome.

Today, instead of the parachutes of the old systems, they use the D-10 landing parachute, with a dome area of ​​100 square meters, improved parameters and a shape resembling a squash. The D-12, Listik, recognized as an excellent parachute system, which has no analogues in the world, also entered service with the Airborne Forces.