Karelian language dictionary translator. Russian-Karelian dictionary

There are more vowel sounds in Karelian colloquial speech than in Russian. Therefore, when the Karelians perceive any Russian word, they add a vowel sound to it. The exception is simple Russian words that have a vowel at the end: lamp-lampa, bank-banka.
In some more complex words, the root of the word also changes, which occurs by replacing some letters with others and increasing the vowels. Take a table for example. In Karelian, stola will be pronounced, samovar - samovuara.

In Russian, all nouns in the plural, nominative case end in the vowel a, s, etc. In the Karelian language, there is a more definite pattern. In the nominative case, in the plural, all words end in, the letter t: cities - linnat, cows - lehmat, horses - hebozet.
According to the rules of the Karelian pronunciation, at the end of male surnames a should be pronounced: Ivanova, Petrova, etc., but this would cause confusion with female surnames. Therefore, it is better to write at the end of male surnames in.

Adjectives ending in oops in most cases in Karelian end in hine, for example: seed-siemenehine, sea-merihine, blood-verehine, and on ne: woolen-sargane, former-ielline, blue-golubane.

This rule does not obey a number of words that, when translated, have different endings. For example, let's take words that have characteristic Karelian endings: big-suuri, curve-viara, straight-oigie, cool-pisty, blind-sogie. To write these words in the plural, you need to add at the end of the word t... In some words, the penultimate letters are also changed.

An excellent degree ending in shi in Karelian will have the ending “iin” or “ein”, the largest is suuriin, the most beautiful is somiin. The exception is the word best-para ?. Words ending in cue in the Karelian language will have ne: small - pikkarane, young - nuorikkane. In the plural, these words end in zet, small-pikkarazet, young-nuorikkazet.
Some t. T., When translating words ending in "ich", such as eg. communist, electric, etc., translated simply - elektriceskoi, kommunisti-ceskoi.

Such a translation is very seductive and at first glance seems to be simpler. But as soon as we move on to the declension of these words, we will encounter difficulties: we get a double declension and sometimes a completely incomprehensible word that cannot be distinguished whether it is an adjective.

Adjectives ending in Česk are translated as follows: the original word is taken from which the adjective comes from. This word is rewritten in the Karelian way and the Karelian ending is added.
Let's take an example. The word socialist comes from the word socialism, which is not translated in Karelian, but a is added to it and it turns out to be Karelian .. the word, sogializma. The Karelian ending hine is already added to this word. which is an indicator of the quality of the item. Thus, we get the Karelian words sogializmahine, kommunizmahine, elektricestvahine.
In order to express these words in the plural, it is necessary to replace n with r in the ending ^ hine "and add t at the end of the word, it turns out sogializmahizet, kommu-nlzmahizet, elektricestvahizet.
The same ending hine will be found in words that end in ny: wooden-puuhine, banny-kylyhine, etc.

"Karelian - Russian Dictionary", 1908:

nevestke (car.) - daughter-in-law, daughter-in-law.

Among the Slavs - ћerka, Snaha, dcera, snacha, córka, synowa, etc.

That is, BRIDE is a purely Finno-Ugric word.

swuattu (kar.) - swat
svuate (kar.) - matchmaker
buatiushka (kar.) - father-in-law
uncle (car.) - uncle

etc. among the Slavs they are called differently, that is, the relatives of the "Russians" are purely Finno-Ugric.

erysipelas (kar.) - face, none of the Slavs have faces in the role of a face.

paga (kar. - bad, "paganoe idol" from Finno-Ugric tales.

tiannya (kar.) - here, where did the word Pull come from?
tiannya (kar.) + etu (kaz.) = pulling em = do here = pull, purely "Russian" word !!!

marge or wet (kar.) - damp, among the Slavs vlažno, damp, etc.

fun (kar.) - fun, among the Slavs zabava, fun.

Jogging in the Karelian language and how many truly "Russian" words !!!

klyvari(fin.) - beaks - exactly like this: nose, "beak", "schnobel"!
hannari(fin.) - hannari - a coward, In Russia he became KHANURIK.

For the knowledge of the mores of any people, try first to learn its language ... Pythagoras of Samos.

heivata(fin.) - heiwata - it has two meanings:

1.to carry away, move aside, put aside
2.leave, refuse
quit

Doesn't it look like anything?

Why the current Russian language is more similar to Bulgarian and Serbian languages than in Belarusian and Ukrainian?

And for some reason, Belarusian and Ukrainian, and not Bulgarian and Serbian, are included in the same language group with Russian.

Geographically, Russia does not border on the Balkans, but borders on Belarusians and Ukrainians, who have almost no Bulgarian influence in their languages, and if it is, it is the Balkan linguistic realities brought in through Russia.

In Russia, there were no native Slavs except for the rare settlements of Ukrainians in the Suzdal land and the massive enslavement of Belarusians and Ukrainians during the wars of Muscovy against the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Commonwealth: only in the war of 1654-1667. Muscovites captured tens of thousands of Belarusians into slavery.

The study of the Slavic language by the Finno-Ugrians and Tatars of Muscovy went through religion, which relied on Bulgarian texts.

Why did the Mordovians of Ryazan, Moscow, Tula, Kostroma, Vyatka, Murom and other Finnish lands learn the Slavic language from the Bulgarian language - without having their own local Slavic?

For this reason, even the small Slavic content of the present Russian language (about 30-40% of Slavic vocabulary against 60-70% of Finnish and Turkic vocabulary) - it not in common with Belarusians and Ukrainians, a common with Bulgarians, from Bulgarian books.

In Belarus and Ukraine, the situation was different: the local population there (half Finno-Ugric in Belarus and half Tatar in Ukraine) had folk Slavic dialects, which did not allow the Bulgarian vocabulary from Orthodox books to be introduced, replacing their original local Slavic vocabulary.

Three points that all Russian linguists are strenuously hiding:
1) Until the 18th century, the language of Muscovy was not considered by anyone in the world to be Russian, but was called specifically the language of Muscovites, Muscovite.
2) Russian until this time was called exactly and only the Ukrainian language.
3) The language of Muscovy - the Moscovite language - was not recognized until that time by European linguists (including Slavic countries) even as a Slavic language, but belonged to the Finnish dialects.

I.S. Ulukhanov in his work "Conversational speech of Ancient Russia" ("Russian speech", No. 5, 1972), writes that the circle of Slavisms, regularly repeated in the living speech of the people of Muscovy, expanded very slowly.
Recordings of live oral speech made by foreigners in Muscovy in the 16th-17th centuries include only some Slavicisms against the background of the bulk of the local Finnish and Turkic vocabulary.
V " Parisian Muscovite Dictionary"(1586) among the TOTAL DICTIONARY of the Muscovite people, only two words" lord "and" zlat "are Slavic.
In the diary-dictionary of the Englishman Richard James (1618-1619) there are already more of them - whole Slavic 16 words("Good", "bliss", "scold", "Sunday", "resurrect", "enemy", "time", "boat", "weakness", "cave", "help", "holiday", " prapor "," disintegration "," sweet "," temple ").

V " Muscovite grammar"By the German scientist and traveler V. Ludolph (1696) - there are already 41 of them Slavic word.
The rest of the oral vocabulary of Muscovites in these phrasebooks is Finnish and Turkic.
The linguists of that era had no reason to attribute the language of the Muscovites to the "Slavic languages", since there were no Slavisms themselves in oral speech (namely, the oral speech of the people is the criterion here). Therefore, the spoken language of Muscovy was not considered either Slavic, or even near Russian: the peasants of Muscovy spoke their Finnish dialects. A typical example: the Mordvin Ivan Susanin of the Kostroma district did not know Russian either, and his relatives, giving a petition to the queen, paid the interpreter for translation from the Finnish Kostroma into the Russian "sovereign" language. Today, absolutely Mordovian Kostroma is considered in Russia the standard of "Russianness" and "Slavism"

How in Russian Koine ordinary Finno-Ugric words suddenly become obscene?

What is a RUSSIAN MAT in general? How did such a word as MOTHER become abusive?

And if it means just MOTHER LANGUAGE, NATIVE LANGUAGE?

Eh, Dzieci Pesi, do you speak your obscene (motherly) again?

It's cool, of course, to declare the native language of the country's indigenous population obscene !!!

Karelian: Karelian (Russia) village in the Arkhangelsk region of the Russian Federation Karelian (Ukraine) disappeared Crimean village in Ukraine ... Wikipedia

Karelian principality- Karelian. Varšinaiš Karjala principality ... Wikipedia

Karelian word (newspaper)- "Karelskoe slovo" (Karielan Šana) newspaper of cultural autonomy of Tver Karelians (town of Likhoslavl). Monthly. Published since 1996, printed in the Tver regional printing house. Circulation 500 copies, editor L. Gromova. ... ... Wikipedia

Karelian (Russia)- This term has other meanings, see Karelian. Village Karelian Country Russia Russia ... Wikipedia

Karelian (Ukraine)- This term has other meanings, see Karelian. The village, nowadays does not exist Karelian Ukrainian. Karelian Crimean cat. Keleçi Country ... Wikipedia

Karelian Orthodox Brotherhood- The Orthodox Karelian Brotherhood in the name of the Holy Great Martyr George the Victorious, Orthodox Church Brotherhood. Its purpose was educational work among the Karelian population, charity, the fight against Panfin propaganda ... Wikipedia

Karelian name- This article is part of a series of articles about the Karelian people ... Wikipedia

Karelian word- "Karelian Word" (Karelian Karielan Šana) is a newspaper of cultural autonomy of the Tver Karelians (the city of Likhoslavl). Monthly. Published since 1996, printed in the Tver regional printing house. Circulation 500 copies, editor L. ... ... Wikipedia

GLACIATION KARELIAN- [in Karelia] the last Late Quaternary glaciation of the Russian Plain. Many geologists deny its independence and identify the Valdai glaciation as the Luga stage. Name proposed by Apukhtin in 1957. Geological Dictionary: in 2 x ... ... Geological encyclopedia

Tilushka (blueberries with black bread - a Karelian dish)- Mash fresh blueberries thoroughly and stir evenly with fresh brown bread crumb and granulated sugar into a completely homogeneous mass. Approximate proportion: 1 cup blueberries, 1 tbsp. a spoonful of granulated sugar, 1 slice of bread 1 ...

Talkuna pryannikayset (tolokonniki - Karelian biscuits)- Ingredients: Sour cream (curdled milk) butter, cream Preparation: Knead the butter (oatmeal) on sour cream or curdled milk (not very thick at first), let it stand for about an hour, then add cream and more oatmeal, a little ... ... Great Encyclopedia of Culinary Arts

Books

  • Karelian folk art. Fine art, A. P. Kosmenko. Karelia is a true treasury of the folk art culture of the past. Here are preserved outstanding works of oral folk art, perfect in form and decorative ... Buy for 1100 rubles
  • Karelian folk poetry,. The collection of Karelian folklore includes almost all the variety of genres: epic songs and ballads, wedding songs and lamentations, labor and lullabies songs, children's folklore, fairy tales, ...

There is a lot of the Karelian language on the Internet today. you can watch the programs of the national broadcasting of the State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company "Karelia" - take part in the work on the creation of a language nest in the village of Vedlozero.

And here's a fishing rod for you: there is a Russian-Karelian dictionary on the IYALI website of the KSC RAS. Need a mobile online version? You can find it on the link.

Wikipedia / Vikipedia

Activists began to translate Wikipedia into Karelian in 2007. Since then, three versions of the online encyclopedia have appeared on the Internet: in Livvik, Ludik, and proper Karelian dialects. Moreover, only the first, Livvik's, became a full-fledged language version: the other two are still in the incubator (the interface has not been fully translated, there is no required number of articles).

Another thing is Wikipedia in Livvik. Today it is in 216th place among language versions in terms of the number of articles (1966 pieces). The closest neighbors are Hawaiian (higher in the list, 1978 articles) and Buryat (1873 articles) wikipedia.

A little bit of interactivity: this is how Russian Wikipedia turns into Livvik (move the slider with the mouse):

Behind were such languages ​​as Karakalpak, Pennsylvania German, Greenlandic, Aramaic, Tok Pisin and Sranan Tongo. In total, the official list includes 285 language versions of the encyclopedia.

The above list is also interesting. More articles than in Livvik's Wikipedia are written in Navajo, Franco-Provencal, Gagauz, Permian Komi and (which is especially interesting for us) Vepsian. Vepsian Wikipedia with 5351 articles is on the 164th position.

About 15-20 people are actively writing articles for the Karelian Wikipedia, primarily for Livvik. One of them is a doctoral student at the University of Eastern Finland (Joensuu) Ilya Moshnikov.

Ilya started working with the Karelian Wikipedia a couple of years ago, and it happened almost by accident. Then he received an invitation to a seminar on the development of Finno-Ugric language versions, which was held in Estonia. Such seminars are organized annually, they were also held in Petrozavodsk.

Moshnikov writes articles mainly in the Livvik dialect, sometimes works with the Karelian version itself (which is in the incubator). For two years, I managed to take part in writing 250-300 texts: I compiled articles myself, translated, and made edits.

Articles in Livvik's Wikipedia get mainly due to the translation of similar texts from Russian or English. A small part, however, is unique: mainly these are articles about Karelian people-events-phenomena. But it’s difficult to write this way - you have to re-search the Internet for reliable primary sources, put links on them, double-check the information.

The creation of Karelian wikipedias (and all the others) began with a list of thousands of mandatory articles. It mentions famous people (artists, politicians, historical figures, scientists), philosophical and scientific concepts, international organizations. Then one hundred articles about Karelia were written.

People who write articles for the Karelian Wikipedia do it on a voluntary basis - voluntarily and free of charge. Everyone has their main job, study, which does not leave too much time to fill out the encyclopedia. And not everyone will be able to do this (although formally - everyone): you need not only to know the language well, but also to be guided in the subject you are writing about. Although some technical changes can be made by people who do not write in Karelian.

The authors of the Livik Wikipedia (recall, 15-20 people) meet in person from time to time, but mainly correspond on VKontakte. In addition to them, however, there are many anonymous authors who make edits and create their own texts. In general, 788 participants are registered in the Livvik version (eight of them have the status of active). For comparison: there are 6812 participants in the Vepsian Wikipedia (24 active).

For the Karelian Wikipedia to develop, a strategy is needed. At one of the last meetings, the issue of a possible unification of the sections was discussed: to create not three Wikipedias (Livvik, Ludik, and Karelian proper), but one common for all dialects.

It will not be easy to do this, - says Ilya Moshnikov. - It is a technically difficult task, and there will certainly be disagreements. But it is necessary to continue the development of the Karelian Wikipedia. The main goal here is the development and preservation of the language.

VKontakte / Vkontakte

Social networks are where the living modern Karelian language is developing today. The VKontakte interface is being translated by a group of activists led by folklorist Maria Kundozerova. Work began last fall.

They immediately decided that the interface should be translated into the actual Karelian dialect (common in the north of the republic). Maria says that the authors of the idea already corresponded with each other in Karelian, including in social networks, and then decided: VKontakte has already been translated into more than 70 languages, why is ours worse? Karelians also want to keep up with the times, says Kundozerova.

The translation, which affects not only the main, but also the mobile version of the site, is created in a special application developed by the programmers of the social network. In it, the so-called keys are distributed into groups, each of which must be translated into its own language.

A key is a word, phrase, sentence, or even a single small text that represents interface elements

Today, only four volunteers are working on translating VKontakte into Karelian (at first there were more, but the work takes a lot of time - some of the translators have dropped out). In six months, they translated 10,342 keys, just under half. There are thirteen and a half thousand left.

During their work, activists have to deal with a large amount of modern vocabulary related to computers, programming, markup language, software of all kinds of gadgets. Modern dictionaries of the Karelian language practically do not contain such vocabulary, therefore many words have to be created, borrowing from other languages ​​(Finnish, English, Russian). This contributes to the development of the Karelian language, shows its viability, - says Maria Kundozerova.

We hope that the appearance of the Karelian version of VKontakte will give users the opportunity to practice the language “without interrupting production”. A modern person - and a Karelian person here is no exception - spends most of his working time in social networks. Imagine: a person is sitting on VKontakte, looking at his soul mates - and quietly rejoicing.

By the way, the administration of the social network put the translation of the contact interface into small languages ​​on stream. In addition to the already mentioned application for translation, there is a group of the project "Translating VKontakte" on the site. There is also a “supreme translator” - the main coordinator (she lives in St. Petersburg).

From there, the coordinator not only directs the work of the individual translators, but also provides advice. For example, at her suggestion, it was decided to give the Karelian version of VKontakte an abbreviated form of vk.com - this is customary if the language has a Latin script.

Maria Kundozerova expects to complete the translation of the interface into Karelian by the end of the year. After some time, it will appear in the public domain. Further, perhaps someone will decide to translate other social networks into Karelian, for example Facebook. The vocabulary of the Karelian dialect itself, prepared by the current group on the basis of translation of computer and other modern technical vocabulary, can help future heroes in this.

There is definitely a sense in this: the future belongs to the Internet, - says Maria. And he jokes that when he is old he will take up the translation of Odnoklassniki.

What will the page on VKontakte look like in proper Karelian? We tried to imagine it. For you in an active search - the wise old Väinämöinen:

Preparing for the lesson:
Evgeny Lisakov, journalist
Sergey Syrodoev, photographer
Pavel Stepura, designer
Elena Fomina, author and editor of the project "Karelian Lessons"

With the support of the Ministry of the Republic of Karelia on issues of ethnic policy, relations with public, religious associations

National project "Republic". We talk about the people who lived for centuries on the shores of the Onega and Ladoga lakes, about our ancestors and contemporaries - about people. History and natural history, literature and geography, works and physical education: everything about the Karelians, Finns, Vepsians.

Petrozavodsk: Periodicals, 1999.224 p.
This Karelian-Russian dictionary is designed for secondary school and university students who, to a certain extent, know the North Karelian dialect, as well as for those who are interested in the language and culture of the Karelians.
BBK 81.2 Karel
ISBN 5-88170-020-1

FROM THE CONTRACTORS
The Karelian-Russian dictionary is based on North Karelian dialects operating within the Kalevala and Loukhsky districts of the Republic of Karelia. The dictionary, however, uses materials from nearby dialects of the proper Karelian dialect. The material for this dictionary was primarily the Dictionary of the Karelian Language, published in Finland (Karjalan kielen sanakirja. I-V). In addition to it, we used publications of a linguistic, folklore and ethnographic nature, published in our country and abroad. This dictionary contains the most typical vocabulary reflecting various aspects of Karelian life.
The compilers of the dictionary express their gratitude to R. Remshuyeva and V. Karakina, who took the trouble to carefully read the dictionary and make valuable comments.

ABOUT BUILDING A DICTIONARY
This Karelian-Russian dictionary is compiled on the basis of the North Karelian dialects, which have long functioned within the Kalevala and Loukhsky districts, as well as in Voknavoloka, Kostomuksha and partly in the Murmansk region.
In the dictionary, all words are arranged in alphabetical order. Headwords are in bold. The immutable part of the headword is separated from the mutable slash (/), for example, pel / to, valm / is, huhu / ta, aut / tua.
The headword of the name is given in the nominative (nominative) singular form. In parentheses are given those parts of the word, with the help of which the forms of the genitive and partitive of the singular are formed, for example, pel / to (-Ion, -tuo) field: pellon (gen.unit), peltuo (part.unit. .).
Verbs are given in an indefinite personal form, for example. cab / bio look, huhu / ta call. With them, parts of the word are also indicated in brackets, with the help of which it is easy to construct forms of 1 and 3 persons singular present indicative mood, for example. cab / bio (-on, -boys) look: I watch cabop, he looks cabboi.
In cases where only the first two letters of the word remain unchanged, then the full forms of the words indicated above are given in brackets, for example, vesi (vejen, vetta), luuwa (luon, luou).
Parts of a compound word are separated by two oblique lines, eg. k £ si // paik / ka towel, me663 // pirt / ti forest hut. In the second part of a compound word, one vertical line separates the unchangeable part of the compound word, for example. koti // kiel / i native language.
Different meanings of words are separated from each other using Arabic numerals with a period, for example, homm / ata 1. bustle, cook, practice; 2. to get it, get it. Close shades of values ​​are separated by commas, for example, huo / vis (-kehen, -vista) cheap, inexpensive.
Explanations regarding individual meanings, translations, usage are given in parentheses, eg harp / pie (-in, -piu) (wide) step.
If the word is not used independently, then a colon is followed by it and the most common phrase with a translation is given, pa ave. Kek & lehillah: olla to. To burn out, to burn to coals.
Homonyms, i.e. words that are the same in pronunciation and spelling, different in meaning, are given in separate dictionary entries and are denoted by Roman numerals, for example, laki I ceiling, laki II law.

"Karelian - Russian Dictionary", 1908:

nevestke (car.) - daughter-in-law, daughter-in-law.

Among the Slavs - erka, Snaha,dcera, snacha,córka, synowa, etc.

That is, BRIDE is a purely Finno-Ugric word.

swuattu (kar.) - swat
svuate (kar.) - matchmaker
buatiushka (kar.) - father-in-law
uncle (car.) - uncle

etc. among the Slavs they are called differently, that is, the relatives of the "Russians" are purely Finno-Ugric.

erysipelas (kar.) - face, none of the Slavs have faces in the role of a face.

paga (kar. - bad, "paganoe idol" from Finno-Ugric tales.

tiannya (kar.) - here, where did the word Pull come from?
tiannya (kar.) + etu (kaz.) = pulling em = do here = pull, purely "Russian" word !!!

marge or wet (kar.) - damp, among the Slavs vlažno,wet, etc.

fun (kar.) - fun, among the Slavs zabava,fun.

Jogging in the Karelian language and how many truly "Russian" words !!!

klyvari(fin.) - beaks - exactly like this: nose, "beak", "schnobel"!
hannari(fin.) - hannari - a coward, In Russia he became KHANURIK.

For the knowledge of the mores of any people, try first to learn its language ... Pythagoras of Samos.

heivata(fin.) - heiwata - it has two meanings:

1.to carry away, move aside, put aside
2.leave, refuse
quit

Doesn't it look like anything?

Why the current Russian language is more similar to Bulgarian and Serbian languages than in Belarusian and Ukrainian?

And for some reason, Belarusian and Ukrainian, and not Bulgarian and Serbian, are included in the same language group with Russian.

Geographically, Russia does not border the Balkans, but borders on Belarusians and Ukrainians, who have almost no Bulgarian influence in their languages, and if it is, it is the Balkan linguistic realities brought in through Russia.

There were no native Slavs in Russia except for the rare settlements of Ukrainians in the Suzdal land and the massive enslavement of Belarusians and Ukrainians during the wars of Muscovy against the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Commonwealth: only in the war of 1654-1667. Muscovites captured tens of thousands of Belarusians into slavery.

The study of the Slavic language by the Finno-Ugrians and Tatars of Muscovy went through religion, which relied on Bulgarian texts.

Why did the Mordovians of Ryazan, Moscow, Tula, Kostroma, Vyatka, Murom and other Finnish lands learn the Slavic language from the Bulgarian language - without having their own local Slavic?

For this reason, even the small Slavic content of the present Russian language (about 30-40% of Slavic vocabulary against 60-70% of Finnish and Turkic vocabulary) - it not in common with Belarusians and Ukrainians, a common with Bulgarians, from Bulgarian books.

In Belarus and Ukraine, the situation was different: the local population there (half Finno-Ugric in Belarus and half Tatar in Ukraine) had folk Slavic dialects, which did not allow the Bulgarian vocabulary from Orthodox books to be introduced, replacing their original local Slavic vocabulary.

Three points that all Russian linguists are strenuously hiding:
1) Until the 18th century, the language of Muscovy was not considered by anyone in the world to be Russian, but was called specifically the language of Muscovites, Muscovite.
2) Russian until this time was called exactly and only the Ukrainian language.
3) The language of Muscovy - the Moscovite language - was not recognized until that time by European linguists (including Slavic countries) even as a Slavic language, but belonged to the Finnish dialects.

I.S. Ulukhanov in his work "Conversational speech of Ancient Russia" ("Russian speech", No. 5, 1972), writes that the circle of Slavisms, regularly repeated in the living speech of the people of Muscovy, expanded very slowly.
Recordings of live oral speech made by foreigners in Muscovy in the 16th-17th centuries include only some Slavicisms against the background of the bulk of the local Finnish and Turkic vocabulary.
V " Parisian Muscovite Dictionary"(1586) among the TOTAL DICTIONARY of the Muscovite people, only two words" lord "and" zlat "are Slavic.
In the diary-dictionary of the Englishman Richard James (1618-1619) there are already more of them - whole Slavic 16 words("Good", "bliss", "scold", "Sunday", "resurrect", "enemy", "time", "boat", "weakness", "cave", "help", "holiday", " prapor "," disintegration "," sweet "," temple ").

V " Muscovite grammar"By the German scientist and traveler V. Ludolph (1696) - there are already 41 of them Slavic word.
The rest of the oral vocabulary of Muscovites in these phrasebooks is Finnish and Turkic.
The linguists of that era had no reason to attribute the language of the Muscovites to the "Slavic languages", since there were no Slavisms themselves in oral speech (namely, the oral speech of the people is the criterion here). Therefore, the spoken language of Muscovy was not considered either Slavic, or even near Russian: the peasants of Muscovy spoke their Finnish dialects. A typical example: the Mordvin Ivan Susanin of the Kostroma district did not know Russian either, and his relatives, giving a petition to the queen, paid the interpreter for translation from the Finnish Kostroma into the Russian "sovereign" language. Today, absolutely Mordovian Kostroma is considered in Russia the standard of "Russianness" and "Slavism"

How in Russian Koine ordinary Finno-Ugric words suddenly become obscene?

What is a RUSSIAN MAT in general? How did such a word as MOTHER become abusive?

And if it means just MOTHER LANGUAGE, NATIVE LANGUAGE?

Uh, Dzieci Pesi, do you speak your obscene (motherly) again?

It's cool, of course, to declare the native language of the country's indigenous population obscene !!!

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Petrozavodsk: Periodicals, 1999.224 p.
This Karelian-Russian dictionary is designed for secondary school and university students who, to a certain extent, know the North Karelian dialect, as well as for those who are interested in the language and culture of the Karelians.
BBK 81.2 Karel
ISBN 5-88170-020-1

FROM THE CONTRACTORS
The Karelian-Russian dictionary is based on North Karelian dialects operating within the Kalevala and Loukhsky districts of the Republic of Karelia. The dictionary, however, uses materials from nearby dialects of the proper Karelian dialect. The material for this dictionary was primarily the Dictionary of the Karelian Language, published in Finland (Karjalan kielen sanakirja. I-V). In addition to it, we used publications of a linguistic, folklore and ethnographic nature, published in our country and abroad. This dictionary contains the most typical vocabulary reflecting various aspects of Karelian life.
The compilers of the dictionary express their gratitude to R. Remshuyeva and V. Karakina, who took the trouble to carefully read the dictionary and make valuable comments.

ABOUT BUILDING A DICTIONARY
This Karelian-Russian dictionary is compiled on the basis of the North Karelian dialects, which have long functioned within the Kalevala and Loukhsky districts, as well as in Voknavoloka, Kostomuksha and partly in the Murmansk region.
In the dictionary, all words are arranged in alphabetical order. Headwords are in bold. The immutable part of the headword is separated from the mutable slash (/), for example, pel / to, valm / is, huhu / ta, aut / tua.
The headword of the name is given in the nominative (nominative) singular form. In parentheses are given those parts of the word, with the help of which the forms of the genitive and partitive of the singular are formed, for example, pel / to (-Ion, -tuo) field: pellon (gen.unit), peltuo (part.unit. .).
Verbs are given in an indefinite personal form, for example. cab / bio look, huhu / ta call. With them, parts of the word are also indicated in brackets, with the help of which it is easy to construct forms of 1 and 3 persons singular present indicative mood, for example. cab / bio (-on, -boys) look: I watch cabop, he looks cabboi.
In cases where only the first two letters of the word remain unchanged, then the full forms of the words indicated above are given in brackets, for example, vesi (vejen, vetta), luuwa (luon, luou).
Parts of a compound word are separated by two oblique lines, eg. k £ si // paik / ka towel, me663 // pirt / ti forest hut. In the second part of a compound word, one vertical line separates the unchangeable part of the compound word, for example. koti // kiel / i native language.
Different meanings of words are separated from each other using Arabic numerals with a period, for example, homm / ata 1. bustle, cook, practice; 2. to get it, get it. Close shades of values ​​are separated by commas, for example, huo / vis (-kehen, -vista) cheap, inexpensive.
Explanations regarding individual meanings, translations, usage are given in parentheses, eg harp / pie (-in, -piu) (wide) step.
If the word is not used independently, then a colon is followed by it and the most common phrase with a translation is given, pa ave. Kek & lehillah: olla to. To burn out, to burn to coals.
Homonyms, i.e. words that are the same in pronunciation and spelling, different in meaning, are given in separate dictionary entries and are denoted by Roman numerals, for example, laki I ceiling, laki II law.

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