Arts and crafts games. Teacher’s pedagogical piggy bank “Card index of games for introducing older preschoolers to folk arts and crafts
Didactic game: “Find the odd one out”
Didactic task:
1. Learn to find items of a certain craft among those offered
2.Develop attention, observation, speech-proof.
Management:
4-5 items are exhibited. You should find the extra one and explain why, what subject it relates to, what is characteristic of it.
Didactic game: “What has changed”
Didactic task:
1.Consolidate the idea of any painting
2.Develop observation, attention, memory and reaction speed
3. Learn to analyze, find differences in the patterns of different objects and be able to explain.
Management:
The teacher places five objects (cards with images) of various paintings in front of the children. Having carefully examined them, remembering the location, the children turn away. The teacher changes places of objects (cards) or removes some. Children must guess what has changed.
Didactic game: “Art Salon”
Didactic task:
1. Teach orally, describe the selected subject
2. Develop concentration, descriptive speech
Management:
Items are displayed on shelves. The seller is selected. The rest are buyers. They select the item to purchase and accurately describe it to the seller.
Didactic game: “The Mystery of the Magic Caps”
Didactic task:
1. To consolidate children’s knowledge about the types of decorative and applied arts known to them
2. Learn to talk about the object that was discovered
3. Develop speech, thinking, attention
4. Foster love and respect for folk craftsmen
Management:
Find out what's under the hood (“reveal the secret”) and receive an incentive badge, which contains an assessment of the correctness of problem solving.
Didactic game: “Make a matryoshka doll”
Didactic task:
- Strengthen children's knowledge about the Russian nesting doll
- Learn to compare objects with one another
- Distinguish color elements of painting
Management:
Find the corresponding half of the matryoshka doll
Progress of the game:
The lower halves of the nesting dolls are placed on the table, and the children, holding the upper halves, compare by color, size, and connect the ones they need. Whoever recovered faster won.
Didactic game: “Guess the toy”
Didactic task:
1.To consolidate children’s knowledge about three types of toys
2. Learn to group, summarize, analyze
3.Develop thinking, aesthetic perception
4. Foster love and respect for folk craftsmen
Management:
1. Invite children to choose pictures depicting (Dymkovo, Kargopol, Filimonovskaya) toys.
2. Suggest that the pictures be divided into three groups by type.
Didactic game: Lotto “Match a pattern to a toy”
Target:
1. Teach children to correctly find elements of Dymkovo painting and select them for outfits.
2. Eliminate unnecessary things that are not typical for this toy.
Management:
Arrange the chips so that they match the appearance of a particular toy.
Didactic game: “How we know folk crafts”
Target:
Assess children's knowledge of folk crafts.
Management:
The child closes his eyes and involuntarily points to the picture with his finger, opening his eyes, names the type of toy, what material it is made of, describes it, names the color, shape.
Didactic game: “Make a picture”
(A subgroup of two to four children participates in the game)
Didactic task:
1. Be able to compose a whole image from parts.
2. Clarify the idea of folk toys and their features.
Material:
Envelopes with cut pictures.
Management:
An adult gives a subgroup of children envelopes with cut-out pictures and gives them the task of assembling the whole image. The guys who fail to complete the task lose. If the child wins, he is offered (at his request) another envelope with new cut-out pictures.
Didactic game: “Recognize by silhouette”
"Pick an element to the toy"
Didactic task:
1. To consolidate children’s knowledge about the folk toy, about its three types (Dymkovo, Filimonov, Kargopol).
2. Learn to recognize toys by silhouette.
3. Develop attention, cultivate a love for folk toys.
Management:
Recognize the toy by its silhouette and select chips with the corresponding elements.
Didactic game: “Find the other half”
Target:
Practice the ability to notice and name different colors, patterns, and shapes.
Develop color perception of shape, pattern, color.
Management:
1. Teach correctly, make a pattern
2.Select the halves of the pattern so that the image is integral.
Didactic game: “Assemble a service from Gzhel”
Target:
1. To consolidate children’s knowledge about Gzhel painting.
2.Be able to compose a whole image from parts.
3.Develop attention, observation, speech. Foster a love of folk crafts.
Management:
Assemble a whole image from parts of the mosaic - Gzhel service. Express your attitude to the resulting picture.
Didactic game: “Magic arrows”
Target:
The game is of a control nature.
To consolidate children's knowledge about types of decorative and applied arts. Assess children's knowledge of folk crafts.
Management:
The driver puts the clock hands on the picture with a certain type folk art, and the rest of the playing children must name the craft, what material it is made from, describe it, name the main colors, pattern elements and images characteristic of this type.
Municipal budget educational institution additional education children "Children's Creativity Center"
Valman Lyudmila Vladimirovna
additional education teacher
Mezhdurechensk 2014
Children should live in world of beauty,
games, fairy tales, music, drawings,
imagination, creativity.
Sukhomlinsky V. A.
Use of gaming technologies
in arts and crafts classes
It is well known that the development of students occurs throughout their lives in the process of play, study, and work.
From the point of view of a teacher, activity, whatever it may be, always acts as a leader for the development of children. How more directions development of a child, the more types of activities he implements, the more the child’s connections with the world expand.
The principle of child activity has been and remains one of the main ones in didactics. This concept means the quality of activity that is characterized high degree motivation, a conscious need to acquire knowledge and skills.
This kind of activity by itself rarely occurs. It is a consequence of pedagogical influence and the organization of a special pedagogical environment, where the activity of children becomes natural and organic and where the student, not declaratively, but actually becomes the center educational process. Such technologies include problem-based learning, in particular design, gaming technologies.
And if we talk about children, then for them play is one of the main activities. The value of the game cannot be exhausted and assessed by its entertainment possibilities. Being entertainment and relaxation, it can develop into creativity and learning.
Undergaming technologyunderstand a well-thought-out “in every detail model of joint activity between a teacher and a student in the design, organization and conduct of the educational process to achieve the set educational goals through play” (Vadim Makarievich Monakhov).I work at the Children's Creativity Center in the arts and crafts studio "Inspiration". The use of games in arts and crafts classes allows you to recognize and evaluate the individual abilities and level of the child’s existing knowledge, skills and abilities, and to activate cognitive interest children, contribute to the formation of an active attitude of students to the educational process, reduce the level of emotional and physical overload of children.The game is a well-known, familiar and favorite form of activity for a child.
Using gaming technologies, it is possible to solve both large pedagogical problems (achieving a certain level of training, nurturing certain qualities, personal development, etc.), and local ones: introducing children to each other, uniting them, teaching certain elements of activity, communication barriers. But, it is necessary to understand that gaming technology, unlike just a game, is a clear sequence of gaming interaction aimed at achieving a specific pedagogical goal.
To the structure pedagogical game The following stages should be included: goal setting, planning, goal implementation, analysis of results.
Goals of the pedagogical game:
Didactic: expansion of horizons, cognitive activity; application of knowledge skills in practical activities, development of social skills.
Educational : education of independence, cooperation, collectivism, sociability, communication.
Educational: development of attention, memory, speech, thinking, imagination, creativity, reflection; ability to find optimal solutions; development of motivation for educational activities.
I use gaming activities in almost every lesson: either to explain new material, or as an active warm-up, or to repeat and consolidate acquired knowledge.I wanted to give a few examples of games that I use in my classes at the children's association.
Occupation – travel carried out during the development of new material. For example, during the game lesson “Journey to the Land of the Paper Fairy”, stopping at different stations, the children get acquainted with the history of paper, its huge diversity, the properties of paper and its decorative capabilities. Travel lessons help broaden their horizons, comprehend and consolidate educational material in the field of decorative - applied creativity
Exercise games contribute to the development of children’s cognitive abilities, reinforcement of educational material, and develop the ability to apply it in new conditions. Crosswords, puzzles, and quizzes help children consolidate what they have learned. educational material, and the teacher to identify the level of residual knowledge of children on a specific topic of the program.
Competition games. Such games include all types didactic games. Children compete, divided into teams. For example: on the eve of March 8th it is held competitive game program“Come on, girls...”, where the guys demonstrate the skills and abilities acquired in classes, when performing competitive tasks, learn to work in a team, show ingenuity, and demonstrate their horizons. We have experience in conducting play activities with other associations. For example: " New Year at the gate”, “Christmas gatherings”, “Spring is coming, make way for spring”, “So many different professions”.
Story-based (role-playing) games. Actions are staged in planned conditions, students play certain roles.
A game"Santa Claus's Workshop."Guysthey make New Year's cards and Santa Claus' assistants (older guys) are selected to help and advise the other children on how best to do the job. The game teaches teamwork, self-control, mutual assistance, and also develops children's creative abilities.
Role-playing games are also of a career guidance nature. The children are invited to play the role of a teacher and explain the content of the work to the rest of the children, and play the role of an artist when it is necessary to complete a sketch. future work etc. The association program also includes other career guidance games.
Purpose of the game"Profession by letter" - expanding children’s knowledge about the world of professional work, updating existing knowledge about professions
Contents of the game: now a letter will be named. Our task is to show that we know many professions starting with this letter, that is, as far as we know the world of professions. Everyone in a circle will name one profession.
Game "Gift"
In this game exercise a discussion of the specific profession in question is specially organized, which allows participants to better understand the specific aspects of this professional activity. Instructions: imagine that we have a mutual friend (later we will clarify what kind of friend this is) who invited us all to his birthday. Within 30 seconds, everyone must come up with a gift for their friend. In this case, the gift must contain a hint of his profession (we will later clarify what kind of profession it is).
The role of the teacher in conducting games in the classroom is an active position in the game (the role of a presenter, a jury member, an assistant), supporting the initiative and creative approach to the game of students. The teacher can influence relationships in play group, on the distribution of roles, adjust the rules, goals of the game depending on the psycho-emotional state of the group, individual characteristics students, support those children who are not doing well.
Using educational games to training sessions has a positive effect on the quality of the educational process and the development of creative abilities, helps to intensify the activity of children, develops cognitive activity, observation, attention, memory, thinking, maintains interest in the material being studied, develops creative imagination, imaginative thinking, relieves fatigue in children, since the game makes the learning process entertaining for them. The game situation creates an opportunity for the child to realize himself as an individual, stimulates self-affirmation and self-realization.
Bibliography
1. Shmakov S.A. Games of jokes - games of a minute. - M.: New school, 1996. - 112 p.
2. Shmakov S. A. Learning by playing... - M.: TsGL, 2004, 128 pp.
3. Pleshakova A.B. Gaming technologies in the educational process: [Ped. universities]/ A.B. Pleshakova / Contemporary issues philosophical knowledge. Penza, 2002. T. Issue 3.C. 44-53.
4. Finogenov A.V. Gaming technologies at school: Educational method. allowance/ A.V. Finogenov, V.E. Filippov.- Krasnoyarsk: Krasnoyar. state University, 2001.
5. Selevko G.K. Social and educational technologies. M.: Research Institute of School Technologies, 2005. – 176 p.
Didactic games as a means of introducing older preschoolers to decorative applied arts.
Pavlova Vera Valerievna, teacher of the special group of the Bendersky municipal educational institution kindergarten No. 9" city of Bendery
Annotation: This selection of didactic games will be useful for educators and primary school teachers.
Purpose: These didactic games can be used when conducting educational activities and in independent children's activities
Age audience: senior preschool age (5-7 years).
Target: Developing children's interest in folk crafts and paintings; the ability to distinguish and recognize them.
Tasks:
To develop children's interest in folk crafts and paintings through the use of didactic games.
Be able to distinguish the color schemes characteristic of various crafts (Gzhel, Gorodets, Khokhloma, haze).
Form attention, memory, logical thinking in preschoolers.
Call positive emotions during gaming activities.
Foster a love of arts and crafts.
***
Preschoolers get acquainted with arts and crafts from the very beginning. early childhood: folk toys include elements of painting (berries, leaves, flowers), which is understandable and accessible to children. This type of art introduces children to the customs and traditions of their people, enriches their understanding of the world around them.
Didactic games help to form cognitive interest and cognitive activity, recognize elements and characteristics various paintings and become familiar with the customs and traditions of the people living nearby.
Didactic game “Remember folk crafts”
Purpose of the game: introducing preschoolers to types of folk crafts, developing attention and memory.
Progress of the game. You need 12 pairs of identical cards, which before the start of the game the leader shuffles and places them face down. Children take turns opening 2 cards. If both cards match, then the child takes them for himself. If one of the cards does not match, then the child puts both cards in their original place face down and the right to move passes to the next participant. The one who has the most cards at the end of the game wins.
Didactic game “Count the objects”
Target: recognition of folk paintings by characteristic features; agreement of nouns and adjectives with numerals; formation of perception, attention and long-term memory.
Progress of the game. The player receives a card with the objects depicted, counts them and names the type of painting. For example, I have three Khokhloma spoons, etc. ; For the correct answer, the child receives a chip. The child who has the most chips at the end of the game wins.
Didactic game "Fourth odd"
Target: consolidation of the ability to find objects of various folk crafts, development of perception, attention, memory, and the ability to prove one’s point of view.
Material. Cards depicting four objects, made in various folk paintings.
Progress of the game. Players carefully examine their items depicted on the cards, find an extra item and explain why it is extra, which is typical for this type of painting.
Didactic game “Loto - folk crafts”
Target: recognition of folk paintings by characteristic features (Gzhel, Gorodets, Khokhloma); formation of attention and reaction speed.
Material. A set of cards (large and small) with an image various items with different paintings (Gzhel, Khokhloma, Gorodets) in no particular order.
Progress of the game. One card at a time is dealt, which depicts various objects with paintings. The presenter uses small cards with objects with various paintings. The first player to fill out their card wins.
Didactic game “Where is the object with Gzhel (Dymkovo, Khokhloma) painting located?”
Target: recognition of folk paintings by characteristic features (Gzhel, Gorodets, Dymkovo, Khokhloma), formation of attention and logical thinking.
Progress of the game. Name where the object with the named painting is located (haze, gorodets, Khokhloma, Gzhel).
Option: cover the item with this painting with a counter. The one who has all the pictures covered with chips wins.
Didactic game “Name what has changed”
Target: recognition of folk paintings by characteristic features (Gzhel, Gorodets, Dymkovo, Khokhloma) and the development of observation, long-term memory and reaction speed, the ability to explain changes in the drawing.
Material. Items from various crafts.
Game rules. The child who was the first to notice what has changed in the picture raises his hand and explains his answer. For the correct answer he gets a chip.
Progress of the game. There are 5 different painted objects in the picture. The presenter shows the second picture, where there is no object. The players' task is to guess which object is not in the picture and explain the answer.
Option. Items can be swapped.
Didactic game “Find the embroidery”
Purpose of the game: consolidation of knowledge about various embroideries (Russian, Ukrainian, Moldavian), formation of attention and logical thinking.
Progress of the game. It is necessary to fill the entire playing field with different pictures so that the pictures are not repeated in each column, in each row and in each 3x3 square.
I recommend that teachers of preschool education organizations use the proposed games in classes, leisure activities, quizzes, and in individual work.
Didactic games and exercises, being both a method and a form of teaching, represent a specific tool in the pedagogical process, a means of comprehensive development of the child preschool age. The didactic game promotes development. A child involved in a play situation learns educational material much more easily. Children do it willingly, without coercion. game rules and actions, which contributes to more effective assimilation of knowledge, the formation of ideas, and the mastery of skills.
“LAY OUT THE PICTURES”
(To identify, consolidate or develop knowledge about the products of masters of decorative and applied arts).
Didactic task: distinguish and name samples of Belarusian and Russian decorative and applied arts, identify the materials from which they are made; classified depending on whether they belong to Belarusian or Russian crafts.
Material: 2 three-dimensional paper dolls-girls (made on the basis of paper cones) in Russian and Belarusian national clothes; a set of cards depicting products of Belarusian and Russian craftsmen (20-26 pieces): clay toys, nesting dolls, boxes, wooden spoons, decorative plates, dolls made of straw and linen, embroidered items, etc.
First option (to identify ideas about the decorative and applied arts of Belarus and Russia).
Two children take part in the game. Dolls are laid out in front of one of them, and the other receives a set of cards. One child shows a card, and the second must say what is depicted on it and what material it is made of, and then put the card near one of the dolls.
The adult records the result and invites the children to change roles. The game continues, at the end the teacher sums it up.
Second option (to consolidate and develop knowledge about the decorative and applied arts of Belarus and Russia).
Two or more children can take part in the game. The cards are shuffled and laid out on the table front side up. At a signal (verbal, musical, etc.), children must quickly select appropriate objects for the dolls. The one who completes the task faster and more correctly wins.
Note
When conducting group games With big amount children, it is necessary to increase the number of dolls and cards with products. By increasing the size of the dolls and cards, you can play the game on the floor and include it in activity games.
Third option (to consolidate and form knowledge and ideas).
6-8 children play (2 teams of 2-4 people). The dolls are placed at some distance from one another. The cards are shuffled and placed face down on the table. Children from the first team take a card, look at it and, without showing it, describe the object depicted on it. Children from the second team must guess from the description what is shown on the card and decide which of the dolls this item should be given to. They place the examined card next to the doll they have chosen. The next card is described by children from the other team. After all the cards have been examined and placed near the dolls, the children are asked to check everything. The team whose children correctly described the cards and placed them next to each doll wins.
Note
Each team should have two dolls in Belarusian and Russian costumes.
"CONTINUE THE SERIES"
(To identify knowledge about Belarusian and Russian patterns).
Purpose of the didactic game: identify children’s ideas about the nature of Belarusian and Russian (Dymkovo and Khokhloma painting) patterns, skills in depicting elements of painting.
Material: a set of cards (one for all participants), each of which is divided into 3 stripes. At the top of each stripe there are two decorative elements: on one - Belarusian, on the other - Dymkovo, on the third - Khokhloma; multi-colored pencils or felt-tip pens; 2-4 dolls in Belarusian and Russian costumes.
Note
If necessary, before starting the exercise, it is allowed to clarify the patterns to which the elements depicted on the cards belong; The task can be complicated - invite 2-3 players to compete to see who can remember and draw more elements of Belarusian and Russian patterns. When performing a game task, children should sit so as not to see each other’s work.
"MAKE A PICTURE"
(To consolidate knowledge about the products of Belarusian craftsmen made from traditional materials).
Didactic task: consolidate ideas about Belarusian handicraft products, classify them according to the traditional material from which they are made; activate the sense of shape and color.
Material: 6-9 cards (25x25 cm) depicting Belarusian arts and crafts: clay (toys, jewelry, dishes, etc.), straw (dolls, birds, animals, household items, decorative items), linen (dolls , napkins, flowers, etc.). Pictures depicting products are cut into several parts, 6-9 pictures of the same size depicting only the outlines of the products, which are placed on the cut cards.
Children are asked to compose one or two pictures from parts so that an object appears, the outline of which is shown on the card held by the player.
Note
You can introduce an element of competition into the game - who can make a picture (several pictures) faster; cut parts of pictures and pictures with outline images of objects can be used for exercises in individual work.
“FIND SUCH A PATTERN”
(To identify and develop knowledge about the elements of the Belarusian pattern).
Didactic task: recognize and name the elements of the Belarusian pattern, find them and fragments of identical patterns of different objects. To promote the activation of ideas existing in children’s experience.
Material: 7 cards showing samples of patterns with elements of Belarusian ornament; 14 silhouette images of objects, of which every two (different in shape) have the same patterns corresponding to one of the samples (Fig. 3).
First option (one or more children take part).
The cards are laid out face down on the table. Silhouettes of objects painted with patterns are placed on the shelf of the stand with the front side facing the children. The child is invited to take one of the cards, carefully examine the patterns on it and select objects that have the same pattern from the silhouettes placed on the shelf.
Second option (several children participate).
The child chooses one of the cards and, without showing it to the other children, describes the pattern depicted on one of the stripes of the card. The other participant(s) in the game must quickly find one or two silhouette objects decorated with the described pattern and place the card next to it.
Third option (two teams participate).
Cards are placed on the shelves of the stand at a large distance from one another. Silhouettes of objects are distributed equally to each team. One child from one team describes out loud any of the patterns on the card, the children of the second team must look at their silhouettes. Those who have the same pattern on objects quickly place their silhouettes of objects next to the described card.
If everything is done correctly, the card must be turned reverse side to children (so that they do not repeatedly describe the same pattern). The child from the second team describes the card next, and the game continues in the order described above until the children run out of cards. The team whose children completed the task faster and more correctly wins.
Note
When organizing a didactic game with elements of competition, you can mark each correct answer, correct execution tasks with a chip and invite the children to count them themselves at the end of the game.
"MIRACLE BIRD"
(For the formation and consolidation of knowledge in the field of decorative and applied arts).
Purpose of the didactic game: to develop knowledge about Belarusian and Russian decorative and applied arts; group silhouette images according to their belonging to the Belarusian and Russian patterns.
Material: 3 bird silhouettes, each wing painted with Belarusian, Dymkovo and Khokhloma patterns; in place of the tail, feathers are outlined (5-6 for each bird); a set of feathers cut from thick paper (15-18 pieces) and decorated with the same patterns that decorate the wings of each bird.
First option (one child completes the task).
The child is invited to return any of the birds' tail feathers that were carried away by the evil Hurricane, and turn it again into a beautiful miracle bird. To do this, the child must select those feathers that match the pattern of her wing, arrange them on the tail so that they coincide with the shape and size of the contour feathers drawn on the tail, and comment on his choice.
Second option (small group of children playing).
At the verbal signal “Feather”, each of the children begins to choose feathers for their bird and make a tail from them. The winner is the one who correctly selects the feathers according to the pattern and completes the task faster.
"SOUVENIR SHOP"
To form and consolidate ideas about the character of Russian (, Khokhloma and Gzhel) and Belarusian.
Didactic task: recognize and name familiar elements of Belarusian and Russian patterns; exercise in classifying objects and products depicted on the cards according to their belonging to Belarusian or Russian decorative and applied arts.
Material: a set of cards depicting products of Belarusian craftsmen, made from traditional materials (clay, straw, flax, thread, wood, etc.) - 10-12 pieces; a set of cards depicting products decorated with Dymkovo, Khokhloma and Gzhel painting, - 10-13 pieces. Instead of cards with pictures of products, natural objects should be used whenever possible; 4 tables equipped in the form of podiums, covered with napkins, a set of cubes and bars of different sizes - stands for products (or 4 stands with shelves, if the game will be played with pictures); a parcel box with a letter and products hidden in it (or cards replacing them).
First option
In this case, you can reduce the number of cards or items.
A child (several children) receives a game task: all products must be distributed for 4 display cases, i.e. into 4 groups, and on what basis to divide them, he must guess for himself. If the child cannot cope with the task, the teacher can provide the child with the necessary help.
Second option (a subgroup of children can take part in the activity game).
After distributing the products (pictures), the children are divided into 4 subgroups and invited to take part in advertising the products of the souvenir store. Each subgroup decorates its showcase using certain products (cards), comes up with a name for the showcase, signs, creates an emblem, advertising, using specially prepared materials (scissors, paper, glue, felt-tip pens, markers, colored paper, clippings from old magazines, postcards, etc. .).
After decorating the windows, you can organize advertising of products using Belarusian and Russian songs, dances, poems, and ditties.
"BUTTERFLIES"
(To secure elements of the pattern of Belarusian and Russian ornaments).
Didactic task: stimulate the ability to independently analyze the elements of Belarusian and Russian patterns and their composition, supplement the image with the missing parts according to common feature- the nature of the pattern.
Material: 12 butterflies made of thick paper or cardboard, in which only one pair of wings located on one side is painted with a pattern; 26 wings, 12 of which are decorated with the same patterns as the wings of butterflies; sets of felt-tip pens or pencils.
First option (one child or a small group of children takes part).
A game situation is created: an evil sorceress bewitched the butterflies, and each of them lost the pattern on two wings. Butterflies can be helped if, among the wings laid out on the table, you find the same ones as those left by the butterflies, and cover the unpainted parts of the wings with them.
Second option (several children take part).
Children are given 2-3 butterflies each. Elements of competition are introduced: who can quickly find wings for their butterflies. The one who does it correctly and quickly wins.
Note
After the game, it is advisable to distribute the butterflies and offer to complete the pattern on the wings, repeating the pattern depicted on one of the halves of the butterfly.
"WHO IS BIGGER?"
(for the formation or consolidation of skills to find similarities and differences in decorative compositions).
Purpose of the didactic game: find similarities and differences in simple decorative compositions, including elements of Belarusian and Russian patterns, and practice recreating them.
Material: 6-8 cards drawn in color decorative compositions. One half of the cards depicts patterns that include elements of the Belarusian ornament, the remaining cards depict patterns that include elements of the Russian pattern (Dymkovo and Khokhloma paintings); pieces of paper, sets of felt-tip pens or colored pencils.
First option (children can sit nearby).
Two cards with Belarusian patterns of equal composition are shown. Children take turns naming the differences between the patterns, then their similarities (by the use of elements, by their location, color, etc.). The winner is the one who is the last to name any sign of difference or similarity.
Second option (2-4 children participate). Each child is given two cards with variable patterns, including the same and different elements. One child should have only a Belarusian or only a Russian pattern on both cards. It is suggested that you look at your cards and draw on pieces of paper all the elements of the pattern that are not repeated on the cards (or, conversely, draw only those elements that are repeated on the child’s two cards).
Municipal state-financed organization additional education
"House of Children's Creativity of the Orenburg District of the Orenburg Region"
“The use of didactic games in arts and crafts classes with primary schoolchildren”
Antsiferova L.V.,
DDT Methodist
Orenburg, 2017
The leading activity of preschool children is play. A didactic game is both a gaming method of teaching preschool children, and a form of teaching children, and With independent play activity, and a means comprehensive education child.
Didactic games promote :
- development of cognitive and mental abilities : obtaining new knowledge, generalizing and consolidating it, expanding their existing ideas about objects and natural phenomena, plants, animals; development of memory, attention, observation; developing the ability to express one’s judgments and draw conclusions.
- development of children's speech: replenishment and activation of vocabulary.
- social and moral development of a preschool child: in such a game there is a cognition of the relationships between children, adults, living and inanimate nature, in it the child shows a sensitive attitude towards peers, learns to be fair, to give in if necessary, learns to sympathize, etc.
The structure of the didactic game form basic and additional components. TO main components include: didactic task, game actions, game rules, result and didactic material. TO additional components: plot and role.
Conducting didactic games includes:
1. Familiarize children with the content of the game, use didactic material in it (showing objects, pictures, a short conversation, during which the children’s knowledge and ideas are clarified).
2.Explanation of the course and rules of the game, while strictly following these rules.
3. Showing game actions.
4. Defining the role of an adult in the game, his participation as a player, fan or referee (the teacher directs the actions of the players with advice, questions, reminders).
5. Summing up the game is a crucial moment in its management. Based on the results of the game, one can judge its effectiveness and whether it will be used by children in independent play activities. Analysis of the game allows us to identify individual abilities in the behavior and character of children. This means organizing it correctly individual work with them.
Types of didactic games:
1. Games with objects (toys ).
2. Printed board games.
3.Word games.
Didactic games – differ in educational content, cognitive activity of children, game actions and rules, organization and relationships of children, and the role of the teacher.
Didactica gameBy artistic and aesthetic development of “Fold the Rainbow”.
Goal: consolidate knowledge of the main colors of the rainbow and teach
form a rainbow from parts of successive colors.
Didactic material: a sheet of white cardboard with a dotted image of a rainbow,
colored strips cut into pieces.
Progress of the game: The child needs to make a rainbow from the proposed colored stripes.
Didactic game “Pick a color for each object”
Goal: to form children’s idea of color; teach children to match objects with the proposed colors. Didactic material: pictures with objects of a certain color, squares different colors. Progress of the game: the child is offered a picture with an object of a certain color. He must select a square of the same color as the object.
Didactic game "Magic Carpet"
Goal: To develop aesthetic taste in children, to teach how to make simple patterns from various decorative elements (flowers, leaves, buds, twigs, etc.), to develop the ability to select color scheme pattern. Didactic material: cardboard circles, squares, strips of different sizes and colors, cut out decorative elements. Progress of the game: the child is asked to choose the basis on which he will make the pattern, and decorative elements for the composition.
Didactic game “Make a pattern of squares and circles”
Goal: to develop attention, the ability to analyze a sample, select the necessary geometric shapes to compose a composition. Didactic material: cards with sample patterns made of cardboard, separate parts for making patterns. Progress of the game: the child is asked to choose a picture depicting a pattern, and then make the same one.
Service decoration.
The didactic game for artistic and aesthetic development “Let’s decorate the service” is complex and consists of several options that allow you to use it with children different levels development, as well as maintain long-term motivation of children for this game.
Age of children: The game is intended for children from 5 to 7 years old.
Purpose of the game: introduction to fine arts; development of aesthetic perception, figurative representation, creative imagination, artistic taste and sense of harmony; promoting the development of independence and creative activity of children; inducing a joyful mood, an emotionally positive state.
Objectives: - expand children's cognitive abilities in designing a tea set;
Develop the ability to find dishes for each individual set;
Decorate objects according to the model;
Enrich children's understanding of the variety of decoration methods;
Encourage you to come up with new types of decorations for dishes;
Initiate independent choice children artistic images and composition options;
Develop the ability to decorate a service, taking into account the chosen style and plot;
To develop an interest in drawing and experience in artistic activity based on mastering the “language of art” and general manual skill.
Materials:
Cards with a picture of a tea set;
Separate pictures with a teapot, sugar bowl, saucers and cups from identical sets;
Pictures with a silhouette of dishes from a tea set;
Various decorations cut out of paper and fabric (flowers, circles, squares, butterflies, bows, and so on).
Scissors, colored paper or cardboard, fabric for creating decorative elements yourself;
Chips for correct answers.
Children decorate the tea set, lay out patterns according to their own ideas, creating original design solutions.
Purpose of the game: development of creative imagination in decorating objects; consolidation of knowledge that in one set the dishes should be similar in plot and design style.
Didactic game “Wonderful Forest”
Goal: To teach children to create situations in their imagination based on their schematic representation. Material: Sheets of paper on which several trees are drawn and different places unfinished, unformed images are located. Colour pencils. Assignment: The teacher hands out sheets of paper to the children and invites them to draw a forest, full of wonders, and then come up with and tell a story about it.
Didactic game “Symmetrical objects”
Goal: To reinforce with children the idea of symmetrical objects,
introduction to the potter's profession.
Materials: Templates of jugs, vases and pots, cut along the axis
symmetry.
Assignment: The potter broke all the pots and vases that he made for
sales at the fair. All the fragments were mixed up. We need to help the potter
collect and “glue” all his products.
"Guess and Tell"
Target: To consolidate children’s knowledge about folk toys, as one of the forms of folk arts and crafts ; recognize a toy by its image, be able to explain your choice, highlight the elements of painting, its color and the composition of the pattern on the product. Develop aesthetic taste .
Move games: The presenter shows the silhouette of a folk art product, and the child selects the item and explains why he chose it.
