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Is maternity capital paid? Who is eligible to receive capital for the mother

For many years, the demographic situation in Russia has been rather complicated. The birth rate is very low, most people believe that it is enough to give birth and raise only one child. The danger of such a demographic situation for the country is obvious: there are fewer young people, the population of Russia is gradually aging and shrinking. In order to increase the birth rate in 2007, it was decided to pay the so-called maternity capital. It has become a measure of additional support for families with children and a way to stimulate the birth rate. Many questions are of interest to applicants for maternity capital: until what year can it be issued, what documents are needed, and what can be bought with this money.

The concept and amount of capital

To understand the essence and effectiveness of this benefit for families, you need to decide what it is, how much money is due to the family, and how it can be spent. Maternity capital is payments to those families who have decided to have a second or subsequent child. It is guaranteed by the state to all its citizens. The conditions for obtaining maternity capital, the procedure for appointment and use are regulated by a law adopted in 2007.

Initially, the state allocated a quarter of a million rubles. However, each year these amounts were indexed to reflect rising prices in the country. The last time the amount was increased by the law of 12/13/14, since then it has been 453 thousand rubles. It must be remembered that if some of the money is spent, the indexation of maternity capital will be carried out only on the rest of the money.

Also, in addition to the federal, in the regions, permanent residents are given the so-called regional capital. The amount and conditions for obtaining maternity capital in the subjects of the country are determined by the laws of the region. The main difference is that it is paid only to those citizens who are registered in this region of Russia. And federal capital is paid to everyone, regardless of place of residence. Even those citizens who live outside our country can get it.

Who and under what conditions can apply for payment?

It is not only the mother who can be a candidate for cash support. The legislation provides for the possibility of obtaining a mother's certificate by the following persons:

a citizen of Russia who gave birth to a baby;
a man, a citizen of Russia, the only adoptive parent of the baby;
a father or adoptive parent of any nationality if the mother has died or mistreated the child and she has been deprived of her rights to the baby, or if she has committed a crime against her child;
a child in the event that the mother, father or adoptive parent has terminated the right to this material payment from the state.

To obtain a parental certificate, the following conditions must be met:

If all these important and fairly strict conditions for obtaining maternity capital are met, the candidate may apply for a family certificate. It is important to remember - you can get it only once.

We can say that the conditions for obtaining maternity capital are quite strict. They are observed by state bodies to avoid misappropriation of budget money.

Validity of the law on capital for the family

When planning to exercise the right to maternity capital, until what year the legislation on capital for a family is valid, is the primary issue that worries the applicant. This law was adopted in 2007 and established that a child must be born or adopted into a family from 2007 to the end of 2016.

Subsequently, the right to maternity capital was extended. The deadline for birth (adoption) has been moved to 2018. According to the latest changes in legislation, the baby should be born before the end of 2018.

Such an extension was required to stimulate the birth rate in our country and to provide support to families with children.

The procedure for registering capital for a family

Registration of maternity capital is a fairly simple process, it does not take much time and does not require many documents. You can issue a certificate at a convenient time. It is not necessary to do this immediately after the birth of the child. Candidates for family equity may do so until the child is twenty-three years of age. For registration, you need to collect the following documents for maternity capital:

Passport of the applicant and two copies with data on the citizen, his residence permit and children.
Birth certificate of the applicant for financial assistance.
A document certifying the birth of children and two copies of it.
If available, marriage certificate or divorce document.
Certificates of pension insurance for the applicant and his children.
In the case of adoption - the appropriate decision of the court.

If the applicant for state assistance is the father or adopter of the child, you need to bring papers that confirm the deprivation of parental rights or the death of the woman who gave birth or adopted the child.

Registration of maternity capital can be carried out personally through the main or territorial division of the Pension Fund. It is also possible to carry out registration through a multifunctional center (MFC). To issue maternity capital for a second child, the personal presence of the applicant is not necessary. You can send copies of documents by mail or online. You can also issue a power of attorney at a notary for another person. With a power of attorney and a passport, the representative can submit all documents for maternity capital and write an application instead of the mother.

Opportunities for the use of capital

A very important question that interests a family with children is how to use maternity capital? This amount is not large enough to meet all the needs of the family. Therefore, the state does not issue it in cash. The family receives only a certificate, not real money. Funds from the certificate can be used only for certain purposes:

Initially, the legislation forbade any use of maternity capital up to 3 years. However, in 2008-2009, a difficult economic situation developed in the country. Therefore, the state decided to make a one-time payment to citizens in the amount of twelve thousand rubles. If desired, each family could apply for this payment.

Since that time, Russian families have also been able to pay housing mortgage contributions from benefits even if the child has not reached the age of three.

In 2015, due to the economic crisis, it was decided to make a one-time payment to the holders of the certificate from the capital in the amount of 20,000 rubles. The family can use this money for any of their needs. Families who received a certificate before the end of 2015 are eligible for it. To receive this payment, certificate holders must apply to the Pension Fund of their area before the end of March. To receive money, you need to provide a passport, an account number in a Russian bank to which you can transfer money, an application written according to the model. A sample application can be asked from employees of the Pension Fund, at a multifunctional center or found on the Internet on the public services website. Within two months, the PF will transfer the money to the account.

Restrictions on the use of capital

Before using maternity capital, you need to find out about all legal restrictions. The state strictly controls the intended use of these funds. When planning to spend money, family members should remember that they cannot be spent on any personal needs. You can use the parent certificate in parts. This opportunity is relevant when it is necessary to pay for the education of the child. At the same time, we must not forget that only the remaining amount will be indexed.

These funds are not handed out. Having decided to use them, the owner of the certificate must provide documents confirming the intended use, and the number of the bank account where the money will be transferred.

It is forbidden to use money to carry out repairs in an apartment or house, to pay debts for an apartment, pay loans, buy building materials for a country house, or buy a car.

You can apply only after the child is two and a half years old. And use - after the child is three years old. An exception is the payment of a mortgage and lump-sum payments to help the family provided by the state.

Using money to improve family living conditions

The procedure for using money to buy a home is regulated by law. Of course, the funds provided by the state alone will not be enough to buy an apartment or a house. Despite the fact that 453,026 rubles is maternity capital, 1.5 million rubles. - the average price of an apartment or house in our country. The amount of the certificate is clearly not enough. But this money can be an additional help if the family has their own money. Another option is to use the certificate and part of your funds for the down payment. So you can buy an apartment on a mortgage. If a family decides to purchase an apartment in this way, it does not have to wait until the baby is three years old.

In addition, indexation of maternity capital is periodically carried out, its amount increases taking into account the rise in prices in the country.

You can also invest in the construction and reconstruction of housing for the family. However, it is worth remembering that this money cannot be used to purchase land for construction. The family will have to purchase the plot with their own money. You can't use a certificate to pay for repairs either.

The home that the family buys must be habitable. It must be an apartment or a house. Buying part of an apartment or part of a house with capital is prohibited. Within six months after buying a home, parents must issue each child his share of ownership in the house.

When a person buys a home with maternity capital, he must first conclude a purchase agreement and transfer the available part of the money to the seller. Only after that the state will transfer the rest of the family's capital to the seller.

When buying housing with capital from the state, parents must provide the PF with identification documents, an agreement on the purchase of an apartment or house, a certificate of ownership of new housing, an extract from the state register stating that there are no encumbrances on housing, as well as the certificate itself and its copy. After that, the payment of maternity capital is made. The money is transferred to the seller's bank account.

Since 2009, a family can pay off a mortgage loan with capital at any time after the certificate is issued, without waiting for the youngest child to turn three years old. This right has significantly eased the position of Russian families in times of crisis.

Education of children at the expense of family capital

With the help of capital, you can help your child get an education in paid educational institutions: in circles, private schools, higher educational institutions, etc. With this money, you can pay for a kindergarten for a child. In addition, this money can be used to pay for the child's accommodation in a hostel while studying. Studying in private educational institutions is paid only if they have a state license to provide services in education. The educational institution must be located on the territory of Russia.

You can spend money on the education of any child in the family. The main thing is that his age does not exceed 25 years.

If the child is temporarily unable to attend an educational institution, you can suspend the payment for the educational process from the funds of the certificate. When the child resumes education, the PF continues to pay for the education.

If parents decide to spend the certificate on the education of their children, they must contact the PF six months before they need to transfer money to an educational institution. If a person provides all the necessary documents, within six months the PF will transfer the required amount to the bank account of the educational institution.

Formation of a pension with a certificate

The law provides for the possibility to spend the capital on the future pension of the certificate holder. It can be used to form the funded part of the pension.

You can send maternity capital for a second child not only to the state pension fund, but also to private pension funds.

If the owner of the certificate wrote an application for the transfer of money to the PF, and then changed his mind, then there is an opportunity to return this money back and subsequently use it for other purposes permitted by law.

Capital efficiency from the state

The question of the effectiveness of this state measure is very relevant. The certificate has been given to families for many years, some people managed to use this money for their own needs. A few years after the beginning of the practical implementation of the law, one can judge the degree of its effectiveness.

It is worth noting that many families really decided to give birth to another baby, having learned about the opportunity to receive support from the state. That is why such a measure as maternity capital was extended until 2018. However, this program also has shortcomings. Evidence of this is the numerous attempts of citizens to cash out the certificate. Even people and organizations have appeared that offer people to get real money for a fee. Such actions are illegal, regarded as fraud and prosecuted under Russian law. In addition, cashing a certificate for money is absolutely unprofitable for families from a material point of view.

People trying to cash out their certificate can also be understood. Each family has its own needs: some dream of their own housing, others need a car, someone does not have enough money for the treatment of a child. Among the poor, there are people who do not have enough money for food. Therefore, some are looking for workarounds to get money from maternity capital.

The facts stated above testify that the program is not effective enough. The legislators did not foresee all the possible needs of Russian families for which the certificate could be spent. If the program had been more thoughtful, individually oriented, then there would not have been so many attempts to illegally cash out maternity capital.

Maternity (family) capital program is a form of state support for Russian families with children. This type of state social assistance is provided to Russian citizens from January 1, 2007 at the birth or adoption of a second, third or subsequent child with Russian citizenship, provided that the parents have not previously exercised the right to additional measures of state social support. The amount of mother's capital in 2016-2019 does not change, the size of the certificate is now is 453026 rubles. Another indexing scheduled for January 1, 2020(approximately by 3.8% - up to 470241 rubles).

Who is eligible for payments

In accordance with current legislation, the following have the right to receive maternity capital:

female, having the citizenship of the Russian Federation, starting from January 1, 2007, who gave birth (adopted) a second child or subsequent children;
the male who has the citizenship of the Russian Federation, is the sole adopter of the second or subsequent children, if the court decision on adoption entered into force on January 1, 2007;
father (adoptive) a child, regardless of the citizenship of the Russian Federation, in the event of termination of the right to additional measures of state support for a woman who has given birth or adopted children - due to her death, deprivation of parental rights in relation to the child, or the commission of an intentional crime against her children;
minor child(children in equal shares) or a full-time student until he reaches the age of 23 - upon termination of the right to additional measures of state support for the father (adoptive parent) or the woman who is the only parent.

In confirmation of the right of the family to receive maternity capital funds, the Pension Fund of Russia (PFR) is issued.

The amount of maternity capital

Exact amount payments under the certificate for maternity capital, established for each year, is given in the table below.

Year	Amount according to the certificate, rub.	Source	Note
2007	250000	paragraph 1 of Art. 6 256-FZ of December 29, 2006	base size
2008	276250	paragraph 1 of Art. 11 198-FZ of July 24, 2007	+10.5% - inflation for 2007 11.9%
2009	312162	paragraph 1 of Art. 11 204-FZ dated November 24, 2008	+13% - inflation for 2008 13.3%
2010	343379	paragraph 1 of Art. 10 308-FZ dated 02.12.2009	+10% - inflation for 2009 8.8%
2011	365698	paragraph 1 of Art. 10 357-FZ of December 13, 2010	+6.5% - inflation for 2010 8.8%
2012	387640	paragraph 1 of Art. 10 371-FZ dated November 30, 2011	+6% - inflation for 2011 6.1%
2013	408961	paragraph 1 of Art. 10 216-FZ dated 03.12.2012	+5.5% - inflation for 2012 6.6%
2014	429409	paragraph 1 of Art. 9 349-FZ dated 02.12.2013	+5% - inflation for 2013 6.5%
2015, 2016, 2017	453026	paragraph 1 of Art. 8 of the law on the federal budget for 2015, 2016 and 2017	+5.5% for 2015 - inflation for 2014 11.4% +0% for 2016 - inflation for 2015 12.9% +0% for 2017 - inflation for 2016 5.4%
	453026	-	+0% - inflation for 2017 2.5%

Indexation of maternity capital for 2017

In accordance with the data presented in the table above, it is possible to track the change in the size of the certificate for maternity capital by the years of the program, while:

over the past 10 years (from 2007 to 2017), the amount of mother's capital has increased from 250 to 453 thousand rubles(growth by 81,2% );
general inflation for the same period relative to the level of consumer prices in 2007, only according to official data, amounted to 139,6% (which corresponds to a general increase in the price of consumer goods by 2.4 times over 10 years).

On the basis of official data, it can be stated that, relative to the nominal value of 2007, at the moment, maternity capital is already depreciated by (139.6 - 81.2) / 139.6 = 41.8%(i.e almost half). Accordingly, the purchasing power of the certificate in 2007 prices now corresponds to the sum of all 145.5 thousand rubles against the base size in 250 thousand.

How to get maternity capital for a second child?

regional maternity capital. What it is? In fact, this is an addition to the federal maternity capital. Each region in its own way is trying to help large families and stimulate the birth rate.

Usually this is a cash benefit in the amount of 25, 50, 100 or more thousand rubles, which can be disposed of in the same way as. However, in a number of constituent entities of the Russian Federation, the money of regional maternity capital can be used to buy a car, land, or treat a child. In other regions, municipal authorities give out land at the birth of a second or third child.

The question of which child is given maternity capital does not lose its relevance.

The program is designed to stimulate the birth rate and improve some demographic indicators.

At the very beginning of its introduction, it was decided to make payments only if the family has more than two children, one of whom was born or adopted in the period from 2006.

Almost every year, an initiative group is organized, which puts forward for consideration by parliamentary committees the issue of approving the payment of family capital even for the first child.

For example, a slightly smaller amount of money is offered for payment for the first child.. However, while such an initiative is not gaining the necessary support in state bodies.

Civil servants refer to the fact that for those families who have a really difficult financial situation, there are other types of payments that can be received for the first child. They differ in their volume from maternity capital, but they also support young parents.

For how many children do they give maternity capital? Today, to receive this capital, a family must have two or more children.

For children or for childbirth?

The discussion about whether to pay maternity capital for children or for childbirth, as well as whether it is necessary to pay family capital if twins were born or the second child died, was long and controversial.

The opinion of officials, as well as society, on this issue was divided into two parts..

On the one hand, there were adherents to making payments only depending on the number of children in the family. They believed that the number of births does not play any role.

The opposite opinion was based on the fact that, since state material support should stimulate the birth rate in the country, it is necessary that the family decide on a second birth, despite the fact that the first time one child, twins or triplets was born.

As a result, due to protests and dissatisfaction of civil society, the first group of people won this discussion. Therefore, at the moment, as always, maternity capital is paid only based on the number of children born or adopted.

This means that even in the event of the death of the second child during his recorded birth, the family receives state assistance.

Mat. capital per child

So, today, which child is given maternity capital?

Maternity capital for one child is not paid, since it is intended for several other purposes, including stimulation of the birth rate in the country.

If payments are made at the birth of the first child, parents will be deprived of the incentive to give birth or adopt another child, since the payment is made only once for one of the children.

In addition, when several children are born, mothers often have to take maternity leave at work, which negatively affects the social status of the family, as profits decrease.

It was this that served as the second reason for the design of the legislative framework in such a way that payments were not made to the first child in the family. So after which child do they give maternity capital?

For each subsequent

Payments by the Pension Fund of Russia to family capital occur only once, regardless of how many children are born in the family.

The opinion that for every child born after the second, parents can request financial assistance from the state is erroneous. As well as the question of how many children are paid maternity capital?

Unlike maternity capital, some state payments for children following the second are made under other programs.

Often this comes not from the federal budget, but because of local territorial budgets.

Therefore, payments differ in different parts of the country. In some regions, the amount of assistance may differ significantly. Often people pay more exactly where the situation with the demographic situation of the society is the worst.

For example, in Chelyabinsk, Vladimir, Ivanovo, as the best regions in terms of demographics, the amount of capital is from 50 thousand rubles. in less developed areas. for example, in Mordovia, the Tomsk region and Kamchatka, the amount of capital reaches 450 thousand rubles.

In order to receive state payments for subsequent births of children, it is necessary to be registered in the subject of the Russian Federation that implements the program of such support.

At the same time, you need to understand that this assistance will not be maternity capital.

Maternity capital for 5 children

Five children in one family is a real feat, which not all women are capable of. Unfortunately, this in no way affects the payment of maternity capital, since the legislation clearly states that the number of children does not affect the amount of support in this program.

The question of how many children are given maternity capital is not relevant here either. This means that for the birth of the second and for the birth of the fifth child, the family receives a one-time equal amount of assistance.

At the same time, in some regions there are other types of incentives for mothers with five children.

The regulation of these payments is carried out by local governments, which are subject to federal law.

The condition of living in a family of 5 children is in some programs of targeted family assistance in the regions of Russia.

It is important to remember that the number of children is not an additional condition for the possibility of obtaining more maternity capital in the family.

Step by step process

In order to arrange payments of family capital, you need to collect a certain package of documents, which is described in the laws governing the payment of this material assistance.

It is best to initially contact the territorial body of the Pension Fund, which will provide all the most correct information that you need to know before starting registration.

At the very beginning, it is necessary to issue a certificate that will entitle the mother or any other legal representative of the child to receive assistance from the state.

In our country, the most acute problem is the lack of growth in the birth rate. Separately taken regions, where families with many children were historically valued, cannot correct the overall picture.

Economic problems often become an obstacle for young families who want to have two or more children. It was for material support that the Maternity Capital program was created at one time.

What it is

Maternal capital is otherwise called family capital. The start date of the program is January 1, 2007. It is intended specifically for families raising children. Since the program has been operating in Russia for 11 years, we can talk about some of its results.

The highest birth rate is observed in the following regions:

Tyva;
Dagestan;
North Ossetia Alania;
Altai region;
Yakutia.

In 2010, an increase in the birth rate was noted, which affected the population growth. Previously, this figure has been declining every year. In the first 10 years of the program, the number of families that received the certificate amounted to more than 8 million. Of these, more than half disposed of their own funds in full.

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Maternity capital is issued exclusively in the form of a certificate, on the basis of which you can receive:

credits, if they correspond to the intended purpose of the document;
services;
products.

The certificate cannot be redeemed. Cashing out is considered illegal.

The responsible body for this state program is the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation. All funds on issued certificates are consolidated on his accounts. The amount allocated for a certain certificate is not subject to taxation and is paid to the citizen in full.

The program has now been extended until the end of 2021. It is important that the conditions of the program are met in the period from the beginning of 2007 to the end of 2021. The moment citizens apply for a certificate is not of fundamental importance.

The main condition for the provision of this measure of state support is that a second, third or subsequent children were born (adopted) in the family.

A certificate is an official document that indicates:

series and number;
surname, name, patronymic of the applicant and his passport data;
barcode by which you can check the data;
the amount of maternity capital.

When indexing the payment, there is no need to replace the document, the amount will change automatically. You can only get a certificate once. You can use it at any time, this period is not limited by any laws.

Who is entitled to maternity capital

According to the legislation, this program is a measure of state support for Russian families in which a second or subsequent child is born or adopted. However, in reality, not all citizens have the right to write an application for a certificate.

A woman who permanently resides in the territory of the Russian Federation, but on the basis of a residence permit, will not be able to claim payments.

The second category of citizens applying for maternity capital as a measure of state support is men who are the only parents or adopters of a second or subsequent child in the family. The applicant must also be a citizen of the Russian Federation.

The fact of adoption of a child in any case must fall within the period of the program. If the second (third, fourth, and so on) child for whom the family receives a certificate was adopted earlier than the beginning of 2007 (according to a court decision), this form of support will not apply to him.

Also, the payment can be assigned to children:

minors;
an adult until they reach the age of 23, but on the condition that he is studying full-time.

For children, payment can be assigned in equal shares, but only on condition that the parent (adoptive parent) cannot exercise the right to receive payment for a number of reasons.

Full-time education is supposed not only on the basis of the university, but also on the basis of another educational institution. An adult is deprived of the right to receive state support if the training is completed.

Is the father eligible for benefits?

Some citizens believe that the payment is due only to women. This is not true. Men have the right to receive a certificate, because situations are different.

We list the main reasons for the transition to the father of the rights to the measure of support "Maternity capital":

if the father is a citizen of the Russian Federation and is the only parent or adoptive parent;
if the mother of the children has lost the right to receive funds due to the deprivation of her rights, death and other reasons.

In the latter case, maternity capital is assigned to the father, even if he is not a citizen of the Russian Federation. It also does not matter how the second or subsequent child appeared in the family.

Adoption is tantamount to the birth of a child. When introducing the program, the government also hoped that family support measures would affect the number of adopted children from orphanages. According to statistics, the number of adoptions in a number of regions has increased significantly.

At the birth of twins

The birth of twins is a special case. With regard to maternity capital, it raises a large number of questions. There are disputes about whether a document is issued, because the birth was one. Someone believes that in this case the amount doubles.

If twins (triplets and so on) were born in the family, maternity capital is issued in a single copy as for the second or subsequent child. It is not duplicated.

When they can refuse

Those who wish to exercise the right to maternity capital should familiarize themselves with the nuances of obtaining it.

The state has the right to refuse the applicant for several reasons:

Previously, the family has already used the right to use this category of state support and implemented it. The certificate is issued only once for one family, and it does not matter on the basis of the birth (adoption) of which child it is assigned. If the payment was received for the second child, it will be denied for the third, fourth child.
The applicant provided false or incorrect information when filling out the documents. This applies to both the citizenship of children and the order of their birth. Note that the provision of false and counterfeit documents is a criminally punishable act.
Lack of citizenship of the Russian Federation in the mother or child. This condition is mandatory. When making an application, a mother will have to provide her passport, and for children, citizenship is confirmed by providing the following documents: an insert in a birth certificate (issued before February 2007), a birth certificate with a completed citizenship line or a special stamp.
If the mother is deprived of parental rights to one of the children according to a court decision.

PFR employees carefully monitor the fulfillment of all conditions necessary for the issuance of a certificate. In the event of an unlawful refusal, the applicant has the right to go to court and appeal the decision.

You can apply for a certificate at any convenient time, and not immediately after the birth of a child. The term for consideration of the application is 30 days. Once the Pension Fund decision has been made, the applicant will be notified.

What can you spend on

This issue was especially often discussed by both the population and the government of the Russian Federation after the program came into force. Since the beginning of 2007, the possibilities for spending funds under the certificate have expanded significantly.

Improvement of living conditions. This item of expenditure is the most commonly used. The certificate is used to cover loans for new housing, for a down payment, for housing construction. You can use the funds without waiting until the child is 3 years old. Housing is a necessity for many young families. At the expense of MC funds, you can repay several housing loans at once, this is not limited by law.
Children's education. This expenditure can be versatile: at the expense of maternity capital, you can pay for the hostel costs during the period of study, paid training for any programs accredited in Russia, and the costs of a nanny. It does not matter which of the children the amount will be spent on. The certificate is obtained for the whole family, and any of its members can use the funds for education.
Retirement savings of the mother of children. Another direction that has recently been quite often used by citizens. Mothers of large families are often deprived of the opportunity to find a job and receive decent wages. They spend a lot of time and effort on the care and upbringing of children. Maternity capital funds will become additional savings for their pensions, which is important as state support.
For children with disabilities in the family, an additional item of expenditure is provided. The family can purchase goods and services for the adaptation of such babies in society.
From 2019, funds under the certificate can be used for monthly payments. It is provided for families in need and is allocated in the form of a living wage per child (according to the region of residence) until they reach one and a half years.

In addition to maternity capital, many families are entitled to the same type of regional payment, childbirth allowance and other support measures.

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