Installation of water in a wooden house. How to make water distribution in a private house video

In order for life in a private house to be comfortable, it is necessary that the sewers function smoothly. Having a sewerage system, you can equip a bathroom, a toilet, a washing machine in the house. To install a water pipe, you must also take care of the sewer system, through which dirty water will be removed.

Today, the plumbing system and sewerage are installed in several ways. Our company offers customers an individual approach to choosing a system, based on the characteristics of the house itself. We install sewerage from a well or a well, depending on the site, for very little money.

Plumbing schemes

Most often, water is extracted from a well, which is punched in the kitchen. This option is perfect for a small family. In this case, an electric pump is installed in the well, with the help of which water is supplied to the tank, and from there the water is already used for its intended purpose in the old proven way.

But still it is best to choose another, more practical option. Here, a special automatic station will be needed, which is connected either to a well or to a well. If connected to a well, then it is necessary to install a filter with a water heater in the cottage in order to purify and heat the water.

Plumbing installation

Automatic water supply stations of a private wooden house are usually installed in basements - these are sewers. If there is a bathhouse on the site, then another well can be pierced, which is supplied with an electric pump for water supply.

When sewers are equipped in an open area, it must be insulated. A pipe is also subject to insulation, which is best, especially for regions with cold winters, to bury. The pipe is buried quite to a great depth, often two meters deep. Under the sewers, you can install both plastic pipes and metal pipes. If we talk about the pipes that lead to the bath, they can be heated with a special electric cable.

Now there is no clean water anywhere. Even in wells and wells, water has all sorts of impurities and sand. To clean it with a filter, you must first make a special laboratory analysis, and after that the specialist will tell you what type of filter under the sewer needs to be installed. If you approach this issue responsibly, you can end up with very clean and safe water to use.

Arrangement of wiring from a well

Installing a sewer from a well is very simple, without spending a lot of money. There are two conditions for distributing. Firstly, the well must have the correct device: masonry, log cabin or concrete rings. And secondly, sewers must be insulated. In order to maintain the required water pressure, you need to properly select and install a fairly powerful pump. You can also install an automatic pumping station. It is better to install pipes for this type of wiring from metal-plastic, which are resistant to rust, flexible and easy to install.

In our company you can easily purchase all the necessary equipment for sewerage and plumbing installations. Our experts will help you choose it, as well as make a wiring project, carry out all the necessary measurements, and calculate the costs. We will also install plumbing in a short time, and we will definitely provide guarantees for operation.

Sewerage in a wooden house

It is good to live in your own house, there are no neighbors who stomp from above, you are not afraid to flood the neighbors from below. easier. Only for a more comfortable stay, it is necessary to provide a wooden house with water and a toilet. It is only necessary for the treatment of waste water.

Sewerage is installed in wooden houses in several ways. Everyone chooses the option that they can financially master. Its type depends on the area of ​​the wooden house.

It is more or less easy to install sewers in a house, the main thing is installation and design. But the sewer will still make you tinker. It is necessary to design well not only the sewage disposal system itself so that the residents do not feel uncomfortable, but also take care that contaminated water does not enter the groundwater.

If city communications pass near the house, then the best option would be to breed it, brought to it. But more often, the owners themselves need to take care of creating an entire sewer with a wastewater treatment plant.

As a rule, wood sewerage is equipped in several ways.

1. The simplest way to solve this issue is a cesspool. This method is one of the most convenient, but if we talk about a house in which few people permanently live, because. the volume of the pit is designed for no more than 1 cubic meter. water per day. Although, it must be said that technologies do not stand still and today it is possible to equip a cesspool of a larger volume, and even with a special filtration system. The disadvantage of the pits is that it constantly needs to be emptied by calling a team of sewers with special equipment. Such cleaning is quite expensive, and it will have to be carried out quite often.
2. With the help of a single-chamber septic tank, which looks like a container made of plastic or metal, where waste water accumulates. In this tank, the water is purified and after that they are safely discharged through pipes. By this method there will be no violations of sanitary and hygienic standards. But this option also has a drawback - this is the periodic pumping out of the accumulated sludge from the bottom of the tank.
3. With the help of a two-chamber septic tank. This option is one of the newest, which makes it possible to fully automate sewers. A two-chamber septic tank has the following structure: two tanks connected to each other in which water is purified. In the first tank, water settles and a solid mass accumulates, which is then cleaned by chemical and biological methods. This almost purified water enters the second tank and, when discharged into the soil, it is already completely clean and environmentally friendly.

Organization of the sewer system of a wooden house

The very first stage of the sewage system is the calculation of water consumption, which depends on the number of residents and equipment (toilet, kitchen sink, shower or bath, washing machine and dishwasher). It is necessary to pay attention to the fact that the waste water settles for about three days, after which it enters another tank. If up to 150 liters of water is needed per person per day, then a family of four will require a septic tank of 1.8 cubic meters.

The sewerage system consists of external and internal sections. The outer section is pipes and a septic tank, and the inner one is plumbing equipment, a riser and a sewer path system. It would be better if the home sewer is equipped with pipes made of modern materials.

Arrangement of home sewerage

First of all, you need to take care of the place where the septic tank will be located. If it is a sealed tank, then a sewerage system in a wooden structure can be safely installed. If a cesspool is used for waste water, then it must be equipped no closer than five meters from the house and twenty meters from a well or well.

The pipes that go to the septic tank are installed with a slope of 2-4 cm per meter. They do this so that there is no stagnation in the pipes. The trench should be 60-120 cm deep (the depth depends on the climatic features of the region). Pipes must be insulated. The seams are sealed.

For sewerage, risers are first installed, to which plumbing equipment is attached. The top of the riser is installed above the roof to provide traction (so that there are no unpleasant odors).

For toilet bowls, pipes having a diameter of 50 mm are used. An important point for residents: you can’t throw paper into the toilet, because. the cleaning system cannot process cellulose!

Proper arrangement of the water supply system and sewerage will provide residents of wooden houses with a comfortable life.

Today, no private house can be imagined without a water supply system. And we are talking not only about large and beautiful cottages, but also about simple country houses.

The water supply system of a private house can be arranged in different ways, that is, there is not one scheme, but the principles of the device always remain unchanged.

Plumbing scheme in a private house

Indeed, any water supply scheme can be taken as a basis, if we consider it in terms of appearance or the presence of any individual elements in it, for example, a hydraulic accumulator. However, according to the method of switching on consumers, the circuit is divided into only two types:

• Scheme where consumers are connected in series;
• Scheme where consumers are connected in parallel.

A serial connection scheme is perfect for installing water supply systems in a small private house, the area of ​​\u200b\u200bwhich is small and there are not many consumers. This is so because a serial connection implies that the water supply goes from one consumer to another, that is, first from the source, then, for example, to the washbasin, from the washbasin to the sanitary unit, and so on.

Such a connection leads to the fact that when the first 2-3 consumers are turned on, there is practically no pressure in the last one.

The device of water supply systems in a private house according to this scheme is quite simple. From the source, the water supply is started to the first consumer. A tee is placed on the pipe, that is, one input and two outputs to this consumer, and to all other consumers.

The parallel circuit implies a slightly different inclusion of consumers. This scheme includes such an element as a collector. From this collector, a water pipe is laid to each of the consumers.

I must say that the connection of water supply systems according to both of these schemes can be carried out, both from central water supply systems, and from a well or a well.

So, in general, the composition of water supply systems is as follows:

• Source (catchment can be made from central water supply systems, wells or wells);
• Pump or pumping station (only for a well or a well);
• It is desirable to have a hydraulic accumulator that will accumulate water;
• Water filter that will purify it;

Advice! Immediately after the accumulator, it is recommended to install a tee with shutoff valves. In this case, one outlet is used for water supply for the house, and the other for water supply for the garden. In this case, of course, the filter must be installed on the outlet that is used for the water supply at home.

• After various filters, it is necessary to make another tee, which will already share the future hot and cold water supply;
• Next, a pipe with cold water is brought to the collector for cold water. The collector, in turn, must contain shut-off valves at each individual outlet;
• The hot water supply should be connected to the heater. It can be both a gas boiler and a heating boiler;
• The hot water pipe must be routed to the hot water collector.

I must say that there may be other elements in the system, for example, a pressure sensor, automation of a pumping station and others.

Using a well or well

As can be seen from the foregoing, there is nothing complicated in the construction of plumbing systems in a private dwelling. The biggest difficulties arise at the stage of arranging a well or well.

In general, initially there is a question of choice - to take water for a private house from a well or well. Of course, digging a well is much easier, since its depth rarely reaches even 10 meters. But the depth of the well sometimes reaches 30.

However, the water from the well is quite polluted, so the water supply must necessarily contain several filters at once - coarse and fine cleaning.

The well will require the purchase of a more expensive submersible pump.

In the general case, the water supply in a private house from a well will look like this:

• Submersible pump;
• Adapter (nipple);
• Non-return valve, which serves to prevent water from entering back;
• Pipe;
• Shut-off valves;
• Filter;
• Pyaternik, to which automation is connected, for example, a pressure switch, and a pressure gauge;
• Hydraulic accumulator.

I must say that water supply from a well or a well in a private house must necessarily be arranged using a hydraulic accumulator.

Do-it-yourself plumbing installation

The installation of a water supply system in a private house should include several successive stages, as well as several preliminary calculations. One of these calculations is the establishment of the required pipe diameter.

Choice of pipe diameter

So, it must be said right away that an incorrectly chosen diameter leads to undesirable consequences. For example, if it is too small, then the water will move with noise. And if it is very large, then part of the pressure is lost, and extra money is also spent.

Without delving into serious calculations, we can safely say that the diameter of the pipe depends on the length of the water supply of a private house. Therefore, to make the right choice, you should calculate the total length:

• If it does not exceed 30 meters, then a material with an inner diameter of 25 mm will suffice;
• If it is more than 30 meters, then it is better to choose a material of 32 mm;
• If the pipeline has a length of less than 10 meters, then material with diameters of 16 or 20 mm will suffice.

However, that's not all. There is also a pipe for the collector. In many ways, it depends on it whether the water supply system will provide all consumers with a sufficient amount of liquid.

Here you need to accept the fact that one tap passes about 5 liters of liquid in one minute. Then it remains only to calculate the number of such consumers and compare with the following data:

• A diameter of 25 mm passes approximately 30 liters in 1 minute;
• A diameter of 32 mm passes about 50 liters in 1 minute;
• A diameter of 38 mm in 1 min passes about 75 liters.

Advice! If a family living in a private house consists of 4 people or more, then about 40% must be added to the calculated values, since in such a situation it is not uncommon for all consumers to be involved at once.

Selecting the required material

The plumbing device must first be accompanied not only by calculations of the diameter of the pipes, but also by the choice of material from which they are made.

Today on the market you can find products from the following materials:

• Copper;
• Metal-plastic;
• Steel;
• Cross-linked polypropylene.

Products from each of these materials have their own advantages and disadvantages. For example, copper pipes are very durable, not subject to corrosion. To make plumbing from copper means to make it for decades. The downside is their price.

Metal-plastic products are aluminum pipes, which are coated on both sides with a layer of polyethylene. Such products are not afraid of corrosion, deposits do not accumulate inside, polyethylene is also not afraid of open sunlight, as well as various impurities in the liquid. One drawback - for such water supply systems, high temperatures are excluded, more than 95 degrees. Therefore, they are best suited for cold water supply systems from a well or well.

Steel products are one of those that occupy the golden mean. They are strong and durable, and relatively inexpensive. However, they are highly susceptible to corrosion. In addition, such products do not have any special devices for installation, therefore, the installation of water supply systems for a private house must be accompanied by threading on each individual element.

Polypropylene materials on the market not so long ago, but have already gained great popularity. They are durable, do not oxidize and do not corrode. The device of a water supply system for a private house with their use is simple and fast. The biggest drawback is that they require a special tool - a soldering iron - to connect them.

Advice! When choosing exactly polypropylene pipes for hot water supply of a private house, you need to choose those that are reinforced, for example, with fiberglass or aluminum.

How to make a wiring

Wiring is the introduction of pipes to all necessary places, that is, to all consumers.

Let's start moving from the source to the consumers. Let's take a more efficient parallel wiring scheme as an example.

So, first we connect to the source. In the event that water is taken from a well or well, then a pump is lowered into them. For a well, a submersible one is chosen, for a surface well, a surface one.

Advice! The choice of a pump should be based on a parameter such as power or performance.

So, the pipe is attached to the pump, usually on a clamp. Less commonly, a threaded adapter acts as a connector. The same adapter is used in case of connection to the central water supply system.

• If the pressure in the system is not able to provide all people with the necessary amount of liquid;
• If there are frequent interruptions in the water supply.

The installation of the accumulator is carried out, as a rule, in the highest, but at the same time easily accessible place.

After the accumulator, a tee with shutoff valves is placed. From one outlet, laying is carried out to the water heater, and from the other - to the cold water supply collector.

As noted just above, a water supply system may have a filter, or even several. It is recommended to install filters before the heating element and before the cold water supply collector.

From the boiler, a water pipe is laid to the hot water collector.

From two collectors, from each circuit, wiring is carried out to consumers.

As for such devices as a pressure gauge and a meter, the corresponding service is engaged in their installation, and they are placed at the entrance to the house.

So, for distributing pipes around the house, various additional elements are used, that is, tees, corners, adapters from one diameter to another, and so on.

When performing such work, the following rules should be observed:

• Pipes must be laid, bypassing all building structures. If it is not possible to carry out in this way, then the pipe must pass through the wall in a special glass;
• All elements in a private house should be carried out so that they are at some distance from the walls, for example, 25 mm - this will facilitate the repair procedure;
• If the water supply has a drain tap or several taps, then a slight slope is made in their direction. The same applies to the accumulator;
• When bypassing the outer corner, the pipe should be drawn 15 mm from it, and when bypassing the inner corner, 40 mm;
• It is best to fasten the water supply elements to the walls with the help of special clips, single or double. They are placed at a distance of 2 meters from each other.

Connection of polypropylene pipes

So, as already mentioned, when laying plumbing systems made of polypropylene materials, a special tool is required - a soldering iron.

So, the sequence of working with it is as follows:

• Elements for plumbing are cut into pieces of the required length. To do this, it is best to use special scissors, which should be held strictly perpendicular. It must be said that the same pipes are used for hot and cold water supply systems, that is, reinforced polyethylene;
• On the cut pieces put a mark on the depth of welding, about 16 mm;
• Places of welding are degreased;
• Install a nozzle of the desired diameter on the soldering iron;
• Heat the soldering iron to a temperature of 260 degrees;
• Pieces of pipes are put on nozzles, while turning them is prohibited;
• After the start of dressing, 5-7 seconds are counted and the pipes are removed from the nozzle;
• Heated pipes are interconnected, or a water pipe and a fitting are connected;
• In this position, the elements are held for several seconds.

This is how every two elements of the water supply are soldered in a private house.

The water supply of a private house can be organized in various ways. Although it is quite difficult for an unprepared person to independently understand all the intricacies and nuances of the operation of a water supply system, it will be useful to know the basics, at least for competent control of the work of installers. In order to competently choose the most optimal water supply option for your home, you need to understand its main types.

Water supply equipment is located in a separate room Source kolodec.guru

Types and methods of water supply of a private house

Water supply in a private house is divided into two main types:

Autonomous. Water is supplied from our own well.

centralized. Water is supplied from a water main, which in turn is fed from a water tower or pumping station.

Each of these options has its pros and cons, as well as the features of the installation work, which ultimately affects the final cost of organizing the water supply of a private house.

Centralized water supply: advantages and disadvantages

The main criteria for choosing a water supply system for a private house are usually:

The presence of a water main in a particular area is banal, but this issue is sometimes paid last attention;

The quality of the water supplied (in some holiday villages there is only technical water);

Reliability and uninterrupted operation;

Dependence on external factors (some lines are turned off for the winter);

Cost (sometimes it is cheaper to make an autonomous water supply than to crash into a highway).

Video description

Highlights on the required documents and permits, as well as how preliminary preparation is carried out - on the video

The advantages of a centralized water supply system include the following factors:

Automatic maintenance of the required pressure in the system;

Water initially undergoes purification - demineralization, removal of various impurities and mechanical particles, disinfection;

Low cost of connection and all installation works.

The disadvantages of this option include:

Dependence on external factors;

The need to obtain permits;

Monthly fee;

The pressure in the system can vary greatly;

The quality of water often leaves much to be desired due to the strong concentration of chlorine and other chemical elements.

Autonomous water supply: pros and cons

The organization of autonomous water supply of a private house requires large financial and labor costs at the construction stage. This is due to the need to dig a well, or drill a well, draw up a plan correctly, and then select and purchase all the necessary equipment. Next, everything needs to be mounted and connected.

Despite the high costs of organizing an autonomous water supply for a private house, this method has several advantages:

Independence from external conditions;

Possibility to carry out water supply in places where there is no water main;

There is no need to pay monthly water supply services;

Water quality is usually much higher, plus the ability to independently install the necessary filters, depending on specific conditions.

Autonomous water supply is more difficult compared to the main Source communications.ru

As a result. Based on the foregoing, it is impossible to unambiguously answer which water supply system for a private house is better. The first option (centralized) is a lower initial cost and a relatively simple installation procedure. But the second way is independence and the absence of monthly payments, the best water quality and the reliability of the entire system, provided that the water supply scheme of a private house is drawn up correctly, the selection of equipment and its installation are carried out in accordance with all technological norms and standards.

Features of water supply from a well

Most often, when implementing an autonomous water supply for a private house, they use the option of supplying water from a well. This is due to the following factors:

The quality of water from a well is usually much better than from a well.

The volume of water is stable throughout the year, seasonal fluctuations are insignificant.

Durability (except for shallow wells "on the sand") and no need for periodic repair work.

The disadvantages of a well are more expensive drilling compared to digging a well, as well as the need to use more expensive borehole pumps.

Video description

Comparison of wells and wells in the video:

Types of wells

There are two main ways to organize the water supply of a private house from a well - the scheme may involve the use of an artesian well (up to 150 m deep) or the so-called "on the sand" (15-50 m). They differ not only in depth, but also in service life. The former can be used for up to 50 years, while the service life of the latter is usually 8-20 years.

Drilling of artesian wells is carried out using special equipment. Each such well is registered and a passport is issued for it. As a result, this work can only be entrusted to professionals.

Drilling wells "on the sand" can also be done manually, using an auger drill and extending its handles with pipes of suitable diameter.

Selection of pumping equipment

Pumping equipment is used to supply water to consumption points from a source. These can be separate pumps of various types (most often submersible - centrifugal or rotary) or pumping stations. When choosing such equipment, it is necessary to take into account the following parameters and technical characteristics:

Water consumption;

Minimum water supply column;

The highest point of water consumption;

well depth;

Nominal pressure (indicated in the passport);

Productivity (m³/hour).

In addition to the passport, all characteristics of the pump are indicated on the tags Source kolodec-mos.ru

The most popular and widespread are submersible pumps, the head of which is 60-80 m, and the productivity reaches 4 m³ per hour.

Scheme of water supply to a private house, water supply design

The organization of water supply of a private house begins with the preparation of a project. At this stage, it is necessary to take into account which type will be chosen, the frequency of use, as well as the source of water, the number of water loss points and the equipment used.

The water supply scheme will be fundamentally different, depending on which pumping equipment is selected for use. For example, it can be a submersible pump that is immersed in water and equipped with special automation. The second option is a pumping station or a surface pump. Most often installed in a house, utility room or caisson. The third option is the use of hydraulic accumulators.

Hydraulic accumulators for autonomous water supply of a private house Source b-a.eu

The latter option is considered the most preferable, as it allows you to significantly reduce the number of on-off pumping equipment, to prevent water hammer, thereby significantly extending the service life.

What factors should be considered when designing

An important role is played by the methods of purification and filtration of water, which are planned to be used. This can be a simple arrangement of a filter layer at the bottom of the well and the use of simple filters, or it can be the installation of filter systems.

Another important factor that must be taken into account when drawing up a water supply scheme for a private house is how hot water will be supplied.

In addition, the depth of the water pipes must be taken into account, which depends on the depth of soil freezing in a particular region.

A less expensive option for implementing autonomous water supply to a private house is to supply water from a well. This is due to the lower cost of digging a well, its long service life. Possibility of using less expensive pumping equipment.

Scheme of autonomous water supply from a well Source pinterest.com

Wiring diagrams

The most common water supply scheme is with a serial connection. This is especially true for rooms with a small number of appliances and equipment that is powered by a water supply system. The main advantages of this option are the ease of installation work, the relatively low consumption of pipes and fittings. The disadvantages are a decrease in pressure in the pipeline, at the end points, the difficulty in determining the location of the leak, and it is impossible to turn off a separate pipe.

An alternative to a series circuit is a collector connection. The main advantages are aesthetics (hidden gasket), high reliability, due to the minimum number of connections, plus simple and easy access to them. In addition, such a mounting system makes it possible to separately adjust each element of the system and plumbing fixtures. Disadvantages - more expensive cost of work and the need to use more pipes and accessories.

Water supply scheme: single-pipe and through a collector Source stroyobzor.info

Features of hot water supply of a private house

In order to organize hot water supply to a private house, electric boilers, gas water heaters, and solid or liquid fuel boilers are used. Each of these options has its own characteristics, pros and cons. Recently, solid fuel boilers on pellets, husks, sawdust and other waste from woodworking or paper production have become increasingly popular.

In our directory, you can find the most popular companies specializing in country house water supply, among the houses presented at the exhibition Low-rise Country.

Boilers allow you to organize the heating of a private house and hot water supply - at the same time, double-circuit models do better. They are characterized by high efficiency, ease of maintenance, cost-effectiveness, inexpensive fuel and durability. One of the most optimal options for organizing hot water supply is the use of buffer tanks (heat accumulators).

Video description

Clearly about the use of a heat accumulator in the video:

A properly planned water supply system of a private house, plus correctly selected equipment and high-quality installation of all elements, allow the system to be operated for many decades, without any payments and special problems.

In any private house outside the city, one of the priority works is to carry out plumbing. Such a thing cannot be called simple, especially if the building is not new for a long time, however, many works on plumbing can be done even with your own hands.

Scheme

Drawing up a diagram can be called a rather important matter that it is undesirable to neglect. When the decision on the presence of a water pipe is made, you need to draw a diagram according to which it will be laid in the house. It is important to take into account all the elements, including filters, pumps, boilers, manifolds, and so on. The path along which the pipes will be laid, as well as the placement of all other elements, is applied to the diagram along with the designation of distances. This will help to calculate the required number of pipes.

In the scheme, laying pipes can be marked in 2 ways:

• Connecting in series. It is recommended for small houses, since this scheme requires a main pipeline, and a tee is provided from it to each water consumer. With a large number of consumers, the pressure will be insufficient.
• Using a collector. Separate pipes depart from it to consumers, so in all parts of the house the pressure will be equal. The cost of this option is more expensive, since the number of pipes will be greater.

Consider the most common scheme. The pipe from the source of water intake is led towards the pumping station, where there is a valve preventing the return of water. The outlet pipe pumps water into the accumulator, and a tee is installed behind it. Pipes depart from the accumulator for technical needs and for domestic water supply.

A pipe carrying water for use in the home leads to a purification system to rid the water of harmful impurities. Behind the water treatment system, a tee is again mounted, provided for the division of water. The pipe that conducts cold water goes to the collector, and the pipe that conducts future hot water is led to the heater. Shut-off valves are installed on the lines to water consumers from the cold water supply manifold. From the water heater, the pipe passes into the collector with hot water, and then the pipes are bred through the building.

Do-it-yourself installation

The most difficult and dusty work during plumbing is to create holes in the floor and walls. The remaining tasks (cutting and connecting pipes, installing a pumping station, connecting filters, connecting pipes to a collector and water consumers, and others), although they take a lot of time, do not require significant physical strength. And therefore, even a beginner is able to arrange everything on his own.

Types of pipes depending on the material

Having planned the installation of a water supply system, the first task will be the choice of pipes, in particular the material from which they will be made.

Copper

Such pipes are the most expensive, but are considered the best. Corrosion, microbes, ultraviolet radiation, increased pressure, temperature differences, and harmful additives in water do not harm copper pipes.

metal-plastic

These are aluminum pipes finished with plastic on both sides. Deposits do not accumulate on such pipes, rust does not develop. Outside, they are not affected by condensation or ultraviolet light. The disadvantages of such pipes are sensitivity to increased temperature (deformed at 95 degrees and above) and freezing.

Steel

Advantages of steel: durability and strength. Disadvantages: rust formation, labor-intensive work (the need for welding and threading when connecting).

Polypropylene

Differ in good technical characteristics, durability (serve 50 years), ease of installation. Reinforced polypropylene pipes have been created for hot water supply.

Such pipes do not oxidize and do not need frequent inspection, so they can be hidden under plaster. The difficulty in choosing such pipes lies only in the need to use a special welding apparatus to connect them.

Choosing the right diameter is also important. If it is insufficient, then due to the turbulence of the water flow, more lime will be deposited on the walls, and the movement of water will create more noise.

The diameter is selected, given that the water must move at a speed of up to 2 m / s. It is also important to base the selection on the length of the pipeline. With a length of up to 10 m, pipes d 20 mm will suffice, pipes with a diameter of 25 mm are suitable for a length of 10-30 meters, and for a longer pipeline length, choose pipes d 32 mm.

In order to correctly determine the diameter of the pipes for a house with a large number of residents, it is important to take into account the simultaneous water consumption in the house - how many appliances and taps will be turned on at once (how much water they will pass per minute). For a small family, but with a large number of water-consuming appliances, you need to calculate the total water consumption of all outlets, and then subtract 25-40%.

Welding of polypropylene pipes

The connection of pipes made of polypropylene, including reinforced ones, is made by welding:

1. Pipes are cut with special scissors, obtaining segments of a certain length.
2. Mark the welding spots to be cleaned using a damp alcohol wipe.
3. Having installed the necessary nozzles on the welding machine, turn on the device and set the temperature on it.
4. After heating the apparatus (the lights go out), we push the pipe sections onto the nozzles to the marks, but without turning.

When the pipes are already wound up, wait a few seconds and remove the nozzles (let your assistant hold the device), after which we connect the pipes clearly and quickly and hold them together a little. The result will be a smooth connection. When you don’t like the result, the connection section is cut off, and the procedure is carried out again. Welded pipes are left to cool for a short time and then used.

Plumbing in private homes

1. Prepared pipes are laid in the house, starting from water consumers.
2. The pipes are connected to the consuming point with an adapter so that a tap can be installed to shut off the water.
3. Pipes are laid to the collector. It is advisable not to pass pipes through walls, as well as partitions, and if this has to be done, enclose them in glasses.

For easier repairs, place pipes 20-25 mm from wall surfaces. When installing drain taps, create a slight slope in their direction. Pipes are attached to the walls with special clips, installing them on straight sections every 1.5-2 meters, as well as in all corner joints. Fittings, as well as tees, are used to combine pipes at angles.

When connecting pipes to the collector, shut-off valves are always installed (it is needed for repairs and the possibility of turning off water consumption).

Try to make a minimum of corners or turns so that pressure is lost to a lesser extent.

We carry water from the well

Water enters the well from shallow layers, so it often has a lot of impurities. Such water without purification is used for domestic as well as economic needs, and in order to make it drinkable, it is necessary to perform water treatment, having previously handed over the water for analysis. The main advantage of the well device is that its construction does not require permission from government organizations.

We carry water from the well

Since water comes from deep layers, it is cleaner than well water and has a stable chemical composition. Most often, such water does not contain microorganisms and harmful compounds. Having chosen this option of a water source for a private house, please note that a project and its approval are required for drilling a well.

Centralized water supply

It is ideal that the water supply of a private building comes from a well or well, as this will give your water supply autonomy. However, it is possible to connect the building to the central water supply (even if this is a backup source).

A permit is required to connect to the water mains. Engineers from the organization operating the central water supply will evaluate your project, the power of your pump, and the volume of water consumption. Meters will also need to be installed to control water consumption.

Plumbing

The outer part of the water supply can be laid openly or hidden in a trench. If an underground option is chosen, then it is important to install communications taking into account the depth of soil freezing. When installing the pipeline above the freezing level or above the ground, care should be taken for thermal insulation.

From the source, water is pumped by a pumping station, which is usually located in the basement, on the 1st floor or in the basement. It is advisable to place the station in a room with heating so that the water supply system functions in winter. A fitting is placed on the pipe from the source, suitable for the pumping station, so that when repairing the water supply, the water can be turned off. A check valve is also connected.

If it is necessary to turn the pipe, you need to use a corner. After that, with a quick connection, we install a ball valve, a coarse filter, a pressure switch, a hydraulic accumulator (if the pump is located in a well or in a well), an anti-dry running sensor, a fine filter and an adapter. In conclusion, check the serviceability by starting the pump.

It is represented by a sealed 2-section tank with water in one compartment and pressurized air in another compartment. Such a device is necessary for the stability of the pressure in the system, turning the pump on / off. When you open a faucet in a building, the water leaves this apparatus, which reduces the pressure. The result will be a switch and turn on the pump to increase the pressure.

The volume of the tank is selected taking into account the needs of the people living in the house. It can be 25-500 liters. Installing a hydraulic accumulator is not a prerequisite - you can use a storage tank on the top floor or attic, then the pressure for water supply will be created by the weight of this tank. However, such a system will not work if there is a washing machine in the house.

Water purification and preparation

Your source water will need to be laboratory tested for soluble salts and other impurities. This is necessary for the selection of filter systems. After passing the accumulator, the water enters the water purification system, located 0.5-1 meter from it.

Installing a collector and boiler

After the purification system, the water is separated into 2 streams. One is for cold water and goes to the collector, and the second is for hot water and goes to the heater. On all pipes of the collector and in front of it, it is obligatory to install a drain cock, as well as shut-off valves. The number of pipes will be determined by the number of water users.

A drain cock, a safety valve, and an expansion tank must be installed on the pipe leading to the heater. Also, a drain tap will be needed in the place where hot water will come out. After that, the pipe goes to the collector, in which there will be hot water.

Care and repair

The work of the water supply must always be monitored, and any leaks and other problems must be eliminated without delay. With a small breakthrough at the site of damage, you can install a rubber gasket, secured with a clamp.

For a quick repair, you can use cold welding, covering the breakthrough after degreasing with acetone.

With a fistula in a new pipe, a bolt is screwed into the drilled hole (if the pipe is old, this method is not suitable, as it will increase the fistula).

If the village has a public winter water supply, then you need to connect to it. To do this, first of all, you need to find out who the owner of the water supply is in order to conclude an agreement. After that, it remains to connect to the central pipe, stretch the water pipe to the house (at a depth, greater freezing depth) and mount the internal wiring. If there is no winter central water supply, then it is necessary to make an autonomous water supply system from a well or from a well.

It is important to properly design the water supply in a wooden house so that there are no leaks, and it is not difficult to eliminate accidents. All connecting elements must be easily accessible, and in frosty water should not freeze in any part of the water supply.

Digging or drilling?

Digging a well with an aquifer depth of up to 15-20 meters will cost a little less than drilling a well of the same depth. And cleaning a well in case of silting is easier than cleaning a well.

On the other hand, the debit (productivity) of the well is usually small, especially during the dry season: in the heat, the well can become shallow and even dry up. However, a shallow sandy well in a drought can also dry up, although not as quickly as a well.

So you need to look at whether the productivity of the well is enough for you and whether the wells in the area dry up in the hot summer, and then decide what to choose - on a well or a well.

Well water

When the depth of the aquifer in the well is less than 8 meters, then you can pump water from such a well with a surface pump: it is cheaper and easier to operate. If the water consumption is not very large, then it may be advisable to purchase a pumping station: this is a surface pump, structurally combined with a small volume hydropneumatic tank and equipped with a pressure switch that automatically turns the pump on and off as needed.

If the water level in the well is below eight meters, then a submersible pump is required. A submersible pump operating in automatic mode must be protected from “dry running” in case the water in the well runs out. For this, submersible pumps are equipped with a float.

If the water pressure created by a single-stage submersible pump is insufficient for a given depth of the well, then multistage pumps are used. All this, of course, is reflected in the price.
It is advisable to close the well with a lid so that in winter the water does not freeze at the point where the water pipe exits the concrete well.

Well water

There are wells that take water from a sandy lens - in this case, the water is no different from a well - and artesian wells drilled into a layer of limestone, in the depths of which there is an underground lake. Artesian water is a strategic reserve and a permit is required to drill an artesian well.

The depth of artesian water in different areas of the Moscow region varies widely - from 40 to 200 meters.

In drought, the sand lens sometimes dries up. The amount of artesian water does not depend on the weather.
Another feature of artesian water, and not the most pleasant one, is increased hardness and a noticeable content of iron ions. Artesian water requires softening and cleaning from iron. Water from a sandy lens in its composition and bacterial contamination can be anything - both excellent and unsuitable for drinking. Therefore, having drilled a well, it would be reasonable to hand over the water for analysis to the laboratory in order to know in advance whether a water treatment system (filtration and purification) is required and from what impurities.

The power and performance of the pump for the well are selected based on the depth of the well, its debit, the required pressure in the water supply system of a wooden house and the estimated water flow. A sand well pump must be protected by a sand filter and, like a well pump, equipped with dry-running protection. In an artesian well, a sand filter is not required.
The pump is attached to the head of the well, protected by a caisson, stainless steel cable. Raising it for repair or replacement is not an easy task, so it is desirable that the well pump be as reliable as possible. In particular, Grundfos borehole pumps are considered proven and reliable.

Bringing water to the house

The wiring of a water pipe from a well or a well to a house is carried out at a depth exceeding the average depth of soil freezing. The entry point is arranged under the house, preferably in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe bathroom and kitchen, and, if necessary, is insulated to eliminate the risk of freezing.

How is the water supply arranged in a wooden house?

In addition to the pump and outer pipe, the self-contained water supply system includes a hydropneumatic tank, a hot water preparation system, water pipes and, if required, a water treatment system. Let's take a look at all these elements.

Water treatment

It is possible to decide whether or not a water treatment system is needed in each specific case only on the basis of water analysis. Excessive hardness (content of calcium ions) leads to the formation of scale on the dishes, the rapid failure of washing machines and dishwashers. In principle, it is possible to drink water with an excess of the norm for iron, but it is not very beneficial for health. Therefore, in a house where they live permanently, it is desirable to purify such water from iron ions. Turbid water will have to be cleaned of mechanical impurities. Bacterial contamination inevitably leads to the need for bacterial cleaning.

Purification and softening of water occurs in a sequential chain of filters. The choice of a set of filters and their performance depends on the chemical composition of the water, its pollution and the consumption of water in the house.

The tanks of the water treatment system take up quite a lot of space. It may turn out that they require a separate room or, in any case, a significant area. Therefore, it is desirable to carry out a water analysis before the house is designed and built.

hydropneumatic tank

In order not to have to store a significant supply of water and at the same time maintain pressure in the system, a hydropneumatic tank is included in the modern water supply system. Thanks to him, the pressure is maintained in the water supply, which is necessary in order to create a constant pressure of water. When the pressure in the system starts to drop, which fixes the relay, the pump turns on and pumps water. From the maximum frequency of switching on the pump indicated in its passport, and the expected water consumption, the capacity of the hydropneumatic tank is calculated, which can vary widely - from 8 to 500 liters.

A hydropneumatic tank can be placed in a house or at the head of a well at a depth exceeding the depth of soil freezing - the main thing is that the water in the tank does not freeze.

Hot water preparation in a wooden house

Hot water can be obtained in various ways: in double-circuit heating boilers, gas or electric water heaters. Both double-circuit boilers and water heaters are of two types: flow-through or boiler. Flow-through ones do not need additional capacity - a boiler, but they have low productivity. It is reasonable to use them in small houses with two plumbing points: a kitchen and a bathroom. For a larger number of water intake points, most likely, a boiler will be needed. It is advisable to know its volume in advance: a large boiler may require a separate room. In addition, it must be borne in mind that instantaneous electric water heaters consume a lot of power - is the allocated power enough?

What pipes are used in the water supply in a wooden house?

For hidden plumbing in a house, pipes made of metal-plastic are often used, which are supplied in rolls. Their main advantage is ease of installation.

If very high reliability is required or if there is a risk of accidental freezing, it is advisable to use XLPE pipes. These pipes from Rehau and Wirsbo are connected with highly reliable press fittings. In addition, they have the ability to recover their shape after deformation and, therefore, less than other pipes suffer from freezing water. They can be safely laid in a concrete screed.

Open wiring is best done with rigid polypropylene pipes, which look the most aesthetically pleasing and, moreover, within certain limits, expand when frozen.

Food-grade PVC pipes with a large diameter are used as pressure pipes in the water supply system.

We carry out the entire front of work on setting up water supply in a wooden house

The company "Country House" performs all engineering work related to the construction of wooden country houses. Including the installation of autonomous water supply systems, the laying and connection of water pipes, a hydropneumatic tank, a boiler, the organization of water treatment and hot water supply.