Why are there dark nights in the south? The unique city of sochi, where there is no winter, but there are dark nights
One of the features of the equatorial belt that distinguishes it from the temperate and polar ones is the short duration of its twilight, the speed of transition from day to night and vice versa. Since this is solely a consequence of the vertical, and not inclined relative to the horizon, the rising and falling of the sun, the difference will be especially noticeable if we compare with the tropical twilight of our summer day. Even here, the twilight during the equinox is much shorter, and the twilight at the equator should be more than a third, shorter than them.
Travelers, as usual, exaggerate the brevity of tropical twilight, claiming, for example, that after sunset you barely have time to read a page of a book. If we are talking about a medium-format book and an average reading speed, then this is certainly not true, and I consider it necessary to describe, as accurately as possible, the true state of affairs.
In good weather, the air at the equator is somewhat more transparent than ours, and the brightness of sunlight up to the moment when the solar disk touches the horizon is usually very significant. When the sun has set, it immediately darkens noticeably - but during the next 10 minutes the darkness hardly increases noticeably. But in the next 10 minutes it gets dark very quickly, and about half an hour after sunset, almost full night reigns. In the morning the contrasts are perhaps even more noticeable. Still at 5 1/2 o'clock it is completely dark, then here and there the cry of a bird begins to break the silence of the night, probably indicating that in the east a glimmer of dawn has already appeared. A little later, the melancholic cries of nightjars, the croaking of frogs, the plaintive sounds of mountain thrushes and, in general, the peculiar cries of various birds and mammals inhabiting the area begin to be heard. At about half-past five it begins to dawn: at first it dawns slowly, then so quickly that at a quarter to six it is almost completely light. In the course of the next quarter of an hour, some significant change is imperceptible, but then suddenly the edge of the sun appears, covers the foliage, burdened with the sparkling pearls of the night dew, penetrates the forests far away with golden rays and awakens all nature to life and business vanity. Birds chirp and flutter, parrots scream, monkeys chirp, bees buzz on flowers, and magnificent butterflies slowly soar in the air or sit with outstretched wings, illuminated by the life-giving rays of the sun. The first hour of the morning is full of unforgettable charm and beauty under the tropics. Everything was strengthened, refreshed by the coolness and moisture of the last night. Young leaves and buds bloom almost before the eyes of the observer, and young shoots, as is often observed, have grown several inches in the evening; the freshness of the air defies any description. The light coolness of early dawn, which is pleasant in itself, is softened by life-giving warmth, and the bright sun illuminates the delightful tropical vegetation, enveloping it with the charm that the artist's magic brush and the poet's fiery word presented us with the ideal of earthly beauty.
Many travelers pay attention to the fact that it gets dark very quickly in the south. In the middle lane, twilight can last for several hours, and in the hot equatorial parts of the world, night falls in a matter of minutes.
Equator
The answer is simple, the closer the country is to the equator, the faster the day changes to night. So the morning comes quickly enough. The sun rises in less than 30 minutes. There is an explanation for this order.
Movement of the sun
In areas close to the poles, the Sun is not observed high above the horizon. In these regions, it moves along a smooth trajectory. A smooth angle is maintained during sunset. Therefore, the sun needs a longer time to set. Night falls in such regions for a long time.
The closer to the equator, the steeper the trajectory of the Sun becomes. Sunset occurs at an angle of almost ninety degrees. This is what explains the sharp and quick approach. In countries near the equator, there is never a long evening; at any time of the year, night comes quickly. The sun goes beyond the horizon almost vertically. At the same time, it would be wrong to assert that the Sun sets over the horizon in a few minutes.
Dusk and dawn
In the equatorial belt, the Sun remains bright and intense almost until the very end of the horizon. In the temperate zone, it decreases the intensity long before sunset. The same is the case with dawn. At the equator, a clear, hot morning comes quickly. In the temperate zone, there is a stretching and contraction of twilight, depending on.
The most popular city in Russia now is Sochi. It became the only southern capital of the Winter Olympics. But not only this is its uniqueness. There is also snow, but no winter. There are indestructible houses built there that live for thousands of years. And even in how he has changed, he now also has no equal.
Why there is snow in Sochi, but there is no winter
The main feature of Sochi is its unique climate. In one area there are dense green forests of the middle belt, the exoticism of the world's northernmost subtropics - the never-freezing Black Sea and the Caucasian ridge, which protects from cold winds. That is why the average monthly air temperature is always above zero. And the division into four seasons is arbitrary.
Sochi residents, in fact, live in two seasons. Cold (if I may say so), when windy, cloudy and rainy. And warm, when it is dry outside, it is clear and the sea breezes are blowing. And although there is snow on the peaks of the Caucasus Mountains all year round, there is practically no real winter in this city. By the way, they say that one of the reasons why Sochi was nominated as the capital of the XXII Winter Olympic Games was precisely the absence of Russian frosts, which foreigners are so afraid of.
Black sea nowOn the Internet, you can watch the Sochi coast in real time. The webcam is on the site sochiadm.ru in the "About the city" section.On the occasion of the Sochi Olympics, a hundred-ruble commemorative banknote was issued. On its front side, seemingly incompatible (but not in the case of Sochi) natural beauty echoes - the snowy peaks of the Caucasus and the Black Sea coast. Here, too, it was not without its uniqueness - the Sochi denomination has a vertical image, this has never happened in Russia.
The reverse of the banknote depicts the now world-famous Fisht stadium.
Olympic hundred100 rubles is the only Russian banknote with a vertical image. It has sold 20 million copies.
Fisht is translated from Adyghe as "white head". The stadium received this name from the eponymous mountain peak of the Caucasus. The general plan of the stadium resembles images of both a shell and a snowy peak. Although it was originally planned to build it in the shape of a Faberge Easter egg.
Now "Fisht" is under reconstruction and will receive guests only in 2018 - at the next World Cup. The event for Russia is also unique - for the first time the world championship will be held in our country, including on the Sochi sports ground.
In general, in preparation for the Winter Games in Sochi, more than 360 kilometers of automobile roads and over 200 kilometers of railways were laid, 22 tunnels, a new airport, 60 sports facilities were built, among them the Iceberg ice palace, the Shaiba arena, the skating center Adler-Arena ”, a huge number of hotels. No other Russian city can compare with Sochi in terms of the scale of such a speedy reconstruction.
At the same time, there are many architectural, historical and natural attractions in Sochi: waterfalls, gorges, caves, lakes, an arboretum, a yew and boxwood grove with millennial trees. But the most mysterious are the stone dolmens of the Bronze Age. These are some houses, built of large stone slabs with holes (holes) on the facade, which are closed with a stone plug. There are quite a few varieties of them.
Fisht stadium The Fisht stadium accommodated 40,000 spectators at the Olympics. For the 2018 FIFA World Cup, the capacity will be increased to 45,000 people.
Why you need to know the purchase price to live in Sochi
Now there is a heated debate about making a gambling zone in Sochi. But did you know that the expression, which has already become a proverb - “I would have known a buy-in - I would have lived in Sochi” - came out of the criminal world and described the city as the place of the most inventive card cheaters. The Sochi catals skillfully emptied the wallets of gullible tourists on trains en route to the resort, at the train station and on the beaches. But the really big scams took place in respectable hotels, where cheaters, after several games in preference, pulled out mind-boggling sums from the underground Soviet millionaires. The guests did not have a chance to win back: the marked decks, sealed in the factory packaging, went straight to the kiosks of the city. And the cheaters, risking nothing, always got the "correct" cards, that is, they "knew the buyout." Every petty thief dreamed of a fortune of Sochi gamblers, who lived on a grand scale by the standards of the USSR. And later they sang about the buy-in.
Why are there dark nights in Sochi?
The phrase "dark nights in the city of Sochi" has long become a catch phrase, but not every one of us knows why they say so. In fact, the veracity of this expression can not be questioned. The nights in Sochi are really blacker than darkness.
Summer in the north of Russia begins the period of white nights, when the sun sets only for a few hours. And in the south, at the same time, the opposite is happening - black nights. Due to the tilt of the earth's axis, the sun sets very deeply below the horizon, as a result, the length of daylight hours is almost equal to the length of the dark time of the day. And the closer to the equator, the stronger this equality. Therefore, in Sochi it gets dark early, the sky is deeply black, and the stars are brighter and seem closer. Locals say it's all for love. It is not for nothing that Sochi's reputation as a place ideal for resort romances is gracefully played up in the comedy Be My Husband.
The closer to the equator, the more rapidly the day is replaced by night - this observation is noted by many people. In temperate climates, twilight can last for quite a long time, while at the equator, the same period takes only a few minutes.
The daylight very quickly disappears behind the horizon, a dark night sets in, which then just as rapidly gives way to day. Such observation is completely objective, at the equator it is getting dark really faster than in the temperate, circumpolar zones. There is a completely natural explanation for this fact.
Sun trajectories
Features of the position of the Earth relative to the Sun are such that in zones that are close to the poles, high above the horizon, it is not observed, the movement occurs along a smooth trajectory. Smoothness of the angle is maintained at sunset, which is why the Sun takes a long time to ensure the onset of night.
Interesting fact: Astronomers believe that the darkness of the night is observed from the moment the star goes 18 degrees below the horizon.
Closer to the equator, the trajectory becomes steeper and sharper. The sun sets at sunset at a steep angle of almost 90 degrees, which allows it to quickly disappear behind the horizon. Therefore, there is simply no long twilight at the equator, regardless of the season. Tourists from the temperate zone, impressed by the rapid change of day and night, can claim that the daylight leaves the horizon in a couple of minutes, but such a statement will not be true.
The practice of watching sunsets at the equator
If you observe the change of day in the equatorial zone, you can note, first of all, the high transparency of the air in a situation when the weather is good. As a rule, the Sun shines very brightly literally until the moment the disk touches the horizon - despite the fact that in the temperate zone its light begins to dim beforehand. The luminary quickly disappears behind the horizon, after which it can darken in some 10-20 minutes - and in half an hour it will already be deep night. However, it dawns at the equator just as rapidly, the whole process from the transition from complete darkness to saturated light takes all the same half an hour.
Local animals and plants are perfectly adapted to such a quick awakening, nature comes to life from the silence and darkness of the night almost instantly - just as it calms down in the evening. The same processes in the temperate zone can take three times as long for the equinox period. Decreasing the angle increases the distance that the star must travel before it disappears beyond the horizon, this significantly increases the time of twilight, stretches them.
Interesting fact: at the poles, twilight extends to a two-week period. This happens twice a year, seeing off the polar summer, and meeting it after winter.
Why is there a difference in angles, and how else is it reflected in the peculiarities of the planet?
Angles in different climatic zones vary for the simple reason that our planet is round and its axis is tilted. Because of this, an observant traveler may notice that in the south, where he got out on vacation from the temperate climate zone, night falls faster. The closer to the pole, the longer the day in summer - but in winter it becomes much shorter. And at the equator, there are practically no annual changes in the duration of the periods in days. Therefore, in summer the southern day will be really shorter than the northern one, while in winter the northern night will be longer than the southern one.
Thus, the closer to the equator, the faster the star leaves the horizon, making the twilight very short, and this is due to the fact that at the equator the Sun goes beyond the horizon almost vertically, while the angle changes with approaching the poles. In temperate latitudes, circumpolar trajectories, twilight stretches for hours, at the equator they take no more than half an hour all year round.
A right angle assumes the minimum trajectory of the movement of a star in the sky during the period when it tends to the horizon or rises from it, while with decreasing angle, the trajectory becomes longer, it takes a long time to pass it. The farther from the equator, the longer twilight becomes, stretching from half an hour to two weeks at the poles - this is a feature of our planet, dictated by its shape and tilt of the axis.
The closer to the equator, the more rapidly the day is replaced by night - this observation is noted by many people. In temperate climates, twilight can last for quite a long time, while at the equator, the same period takes only a few minutes.
The daylight very quickly disappears behind the horizon, a dark night sets in, which then just as rapidly gives way to day. Such observation is completely objective, at the equator it is getting dark really faster than in the temperate, circumpolar zones. There is a completely natural explanation for this fact.
Sun trajectories
Features of the position of the Earth relative to the Sun are such that in zones that are close to the poles, high above the horizon, it is not observed, the movement occurs along a smooth trajectory. Smoothness of the angle is maintained at sunset, which is why the Sun takes a long time to ensure the onset of night.
Interesting fact: Astronomers believe that the darkness of the night is observed from the moment the star goes 18 degrees below the horizon.
Closer to the equator, the trajectory becomes steeper and sharper. The sun sets at sunset at a steep angle of almost 90 degrees, which allows it to quickly disappear behind the horizon. Therefore, there is simply no long twilight at the equator, regardless of the season. Tourists from the temperate zone, impressed by the rapid change of day and night, can claim that the daylight leaves the horizon in a couple of minutes, but such a statement will not be true.
The practice of watching sunsets at the equator
If you observe the change of day in the equatorial zone, you can note, first of all, the high transparency of the air in a situation when the weather is good. As a rule, the Sun shines very brightly literally until the moment the disk touches the horizon - despite the fact that in the temperate zone its light begins to dim beforehand. The luminary quickly disappears behind the horizon, after which it can darken in some 10-20 minutes - and in half an hour it will already be deep night. However, it dawns at the equator just as rapidly, the whole process from the transition from complete darkness to saturated light takes all the same half an hour.
Local animals and plants are perfectly adapted to such a quick awakening, nature comes to life from the silence and darkness of the night almost instantly - just as it calms down in the evening. The same processes in the temperate zone can take three times as long for the equinox period. Decreasing the angle increases the distance that the star must travel before it disappears beyond the horizon, this significantly increases the time of twilight, stretches them.
Interesting fact: at the poles, twilight extends to a two-week period. This happens twice a year, seeing off the polar summer, and meeting it after winter.
Why is there a difference in angles, and how else is it reflected in the peculiarities of the planet?
Angles in different climatic zones vary for the simple reason that our planet is round and its axis is tilted. Because of this, an observant traveler may notice that in the south, where he got out on vacation from the temperate climate zone, night falls faster. The closer to the pole, the longer the day in summer - but in winter it becomes much shorter. And at the equator, there are practically no annual changes in the duration of the periods in days. Therefore, in summer the southern day will be really shorter than the northern one, while in winter the northern night will be longer than the southern one.
Thus, the closer to the equator, the faster the star leaves the horizon, making the twilight very short, and this is due to the fact that at the equator the Sun goes beyond the horizon almost vertically, while the angle changes with approaching the poles. In temperate latitudes, circumpolar trajectories, twilight stretches for hours, at the equator they take no more than half an hour all year round.
A right angle assumes the minimum trajectory of the movement of a star in the sky during the period when it tends to the horizon or rises from it, while with decreasing angle, the trajectory becomes longer, it takes a long time to pass it. The farther from the equator, the longer twilight becomes, stretching from half an hour to two weeks at the poles - this is a feature of our planet, dictated by its shape and tilt of the axis.
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