What fish are found in the Mediterranean Sea Cyprus. Fish of the Mediterranean Sea: interesting and dangerous representatives

Turkey is washed by four seas: in the west - the Aegean, in the north - the Black Sea, in the south - the Mediterranean Sea and in the northwest - the Marmara Sea.

In this article you will get acquainted with a wide variety underwater world Turkey.

Turkey is very diverse world sea ​​creatures. In addition to beautiful, peaceful fish, there are also about forty species of sharks. We hope you are unlikely to be lucky enough to meet them, but just in case, read the safety rules.

Shark attacks can be avoided

First of all, it is worth knowing that sharks never attack without a reason. They are nearsighted and may mistake a floundering person for a fish.

Another reason for an attack is defense (if you yourself provoke the shark). A predator may react to the smell and sight of blood or even bright spots in the form of shiny jewelry or a swimsuit.

In this regard, experts do not recommend swimming:
-In the evening, at night or at dawn (at this time sharks are especially active, since this is the time they eat);
-Near fishing boats and where there are large schools of fish;
-By oneself;
-In bright and contrasting swimsuits;
-If you have fresh wounds or cuts on your body (sharks can smell blood from a great distance).

Besides:
-Before swimming, remove jewelry (chains, rings, earrings);
-Do not swim too far from the shore;
-If you are floating on a raft or on an air mattress, do not keep your hands and feet in the water;
-In places where sharks may appear, try to swim calmly, without floundering;
-It is worth understanding that the tactics of shark attacks may differ - white sharks often make a sudden attack, an ambush attack is also possible, when a person cannot react in advance to the approach of a shark. In any case, you should resist, and even better, take precautions in advance, since it is very difficult to predict the behavior of these predators.

If you are “lucky” and you meet a shark

How to behave in case of a shark attack

If you see a shark approaching, try not to make sudden movements and slowly begin to swim towards the shore. Remember that chaotic movements in the water are perceived by sharks as extremely aggressive. The shark does not attack immediately; first it swims several circles around the “prey”, and then it can strike sideways.
In this case:
- do not turn your back to her;
-keep calm;
-hit the shark with all your might (from the side, in the eye, on the tip of the nose, on the gills - that is, in the most sensitive places) - it’s good if you have something at hand, because blows can cause abrasions and then an attack will be inevitable .
-Attacking a shark if it is already preparing to attack is the most the right decision. However, in such a situation, the main thing is to overcome your fear. You should sharply pull the gills, hit the nose, stick a knife, stone or even fingers into the eyes - there is a chance that the shark will retreat. Although there are situations when a shark makes several attempts to attack. At the same time, you should not make sudden convulsive movements and panic - then there will be a chance of salvation.
-After a shark attack is already on the shore, if injuries have been sustained, it is important to stop the bleeding, if possible treat the wound, apply a bandage and urgently seek medical help, even if the wounds are minor, since there is a risk of infection.

We invite you to explore some of Turkey's marine diversity!

Barracuda

Big White shark

Tiger shark

Snout shark

Shark Mako

Longimanus

Blue shark

Giant hammerhead shark

cat shark

Oceanic longfin shark

Bull shark

Gray reef shark

sand shark

lemon shark

Sevengill shark

Silky shark

Scorpio fish

fire worm

Sea dragon

Sea anemone

Rock Perch

Jellyfish

Portuguese man of war

Cuttlefish

Moray

Sea cucumbers

Caretta turtle

Carp

Sea urchins

Sea stars

crown of thorns

Mackerel

Herrings

Preface

When conceiving this site, I intended to limit myself to circular panoramas; photographs were added by themselves, then from depths of the sea creepy and terrible inhabitants Mediterranean Sea.

Upon closer inspection, the monsters turned out to be some kind of third-rate monsters, suitable only for scaring small children with them. In a word, our sea clearly does not reach the Maldives with their abundance of all kinds of poisonous tropical reptiles. However, I read what was written and was horrified. It turns out that the gentle and warm Mediterranean Sea is simply teeming with all sorts of creatures, ready to grab onto the tender, defenseless body of a swimmer, tear out a piece of meat from it, poison it, or, at worst, just sting painfully.

However, over 15 years of searching for adventure and snorkeling, the biggest trouble that happened to us was hopelessly ruined swimming trunks, on which a frightened octopus “spit” ink when it was pulled out of the water.

The main principle for anyone who wants to dive into the depths of the sea is simple and unpretentious, like a rake: "If you don't know, don't touch". The more dangerous the living creature and the more trouble it can cause to the bather, the more careless it behaves and allows it closer to itself, naively believing that everyone around is well acquainted with its bad temper and will not touch it.

If you're going to swim in the wild stone beaches, then to the main principle “don’t touch anything” it would be nice to add special slippers, then no sea urchin is scary.

The holiday kit will not be complete if you forget it at home sunglasses And sun cream. Glasses must block not only the visible spectrum of solar radiation, but most importantly, block ultraviolet radiation to avoid burns to the cornea. Sunglasses in Cyprus will not be superfluous even in winter. You can save cream with protective factor SPF 5, 10, 15 for central Russia, the rainy Baltic states or Foggy Albion. The Cyprus thermonuclear sun requires reliable protection. If you have not forgotten any of the above, then you will be happy in the form have a nice rest and pleasant memories.

Seaweed may be a source of discomfort. Being a lover of swimming with a mask and fins in the crystal- clean water Protaras, climbing out onto the steep stone shore a couple of times, I sat down on the soft algae growing in the surf to take off my fins. The consequences made me remember the old advice: “to get a full bust, stick it in a beehive.” A beehive, not a beehive, but there was a very strong feeling that I had sat in the nettle bushes. The stung area then itched terribly, which added piquancy to the situation. Probably, in such cases, it is possible to recommend the use of fenistil gel, or any other allergy cream.

Unfortunately, I don’t have a camera for filming underwater, so I had to be content with pictures found on the Internet. All photos indicate which site I stole them from.

Danger - Sun:

The main source of danger in the Greek seas is... Sun. Don't laugh, sunstroke and overheating make you sick hundreds of times more people than from any other " natural hazards" The Greek thermonuclear sun, especially for northern residents unaccustomed to it, can cause a lot of problems. What you need to do, how to behave in the heat, and what food to eat you can read. And in addition to this material, I will note a few basic rules:

1. Try not to go out into the sun at noon or the next 3-4 hours after it.
2. Use sunscreen with an SPF of at least 30.
3. In addition to sunscreen, don't forget a Panama hat, T-shirt and sunglasses. Regarding the latter, try to use high-quality glasses with 100% UV protection. By the way, in any Greek optical store, you can check for free whether your glasses really protect as it was written on the label, or whether you got a fake.
4. Keep children away from direct sun rays. Exposing a child to the sun without protection can lead to serious illnesses in the future. Under the age of 3 years, child exposure to the sun is not recommended.
5. Drink plenty of water. The minimum required to maintain normal water balance in the body is 1.9 liters of water per day at an average air temperature of 26 degrees, 3 liters - at 32 degrees to 4 liters at 35(and in Greece this is not uncommon). I also recommend reading what you can drink and what you shouldn’t.

Danger - marine fauna

"Most main principle behavior with unknown representatives of the plant, animal and underwater world - do not disturb. They have their own lives, in which they are quite capable of standing up for themselves in response to any action regarded as a threat. It’s better to enjoy your holiday in an idyll with nature!”

There are very few dangerous inhabitants in the Mediterranean Sea that can harm humans, at least much less than in tropical seas. The threat of encountering a shark is so rare that for many years in none of the zones of the Mediterranean Sea, even in its most secluded corners, has anyone who went under the water seen one (except from the mouths of fishermen and “yellow press” reporters). However, sometimes even seemingly harmless animals can pose a danger to humans.
We will not exaggerate this danger, but we will still try to acquaint you with the problems that may arise from too close contact with marine life.
Marine inhabitants are of considerable interest to vacationers. It is always very funny to watch them, but we should not forget that some underwater inhabitants can cause us very significant harm: injure, bite or inject poison.
Whether you will encounter this misfortune during your vacation or not is unknown. In any case, you need to know the enemy by sight.

Danger - Sea urchins:

The second place of honor on Greek beaches is occupied by sea ​​urchins. Here they are called ahinu (αχινού). On “cultural” beaches, these “hedgehogs” are quite difficult to meet, but once you step outside the “cultured” zone, they are right there. Meetings with sea ​​urchins With unpleasant consequences for both sides, unfortunately, is not uncommon. The Mediterranean Sea with salty and warm water is simply a paradise for hedgehogs. They often form large concentrations on sloping rock surfaces, starting from the shallowest waters near the shore. A careless swimmer crawling ashore or wandering along the rocks along the water's edge risks stepping on, or even grabbing, a sea urchin. The author of this material has repeatedly had the opportunity to deal with these creatures and even step on them several times. There was also “pleasure” from this...

Prevention: In hedgehog habitats, it is best to go into the water in rubber slippers. The approximate cost of swimming shoes is 5-15 € per pair, and the author recommends choosing products with a sole thickness of at least 1 centimeter. If you think that wearing flippers on your feet will allow you to safely step on these “cute little animals,” I will disappoint you. I checked it personally - sea urchin needles easily pierce even the plastic soles of flippers. And let’s not even talk about rubber ones. So, it’s better to go around or swim past. By the way, when swimming in shallow water, you can catch “hedgehogs” not only with your foot, but also with other parts of the body.

What to do: The best cure for hedgehogs is vigilance! Before entering the sea in an unfamiliar place, take a closer look; fortunately, the water is clear and the black dots of urchins are clearly visible.

If contact with the hedgehog cannot be avoided, you will most likely have to consult a doctor. Fortunately, first aid in public hospitals is free.

If for some reason you cannot get to the hospital, then remember - the hedgehog’s spines are very sharp and at the same time fragile. They easily penetrate the body and then break off just as easily. It is quite difficult to pull out the fragments, and since there is no talk about the sterility of hedgehog thorns, the affected area can fester. Sometimes the wound heals, and the broken thorn remains in the body, from where it can come out (or maybe remain in the body forever) several years later.

• soak your foot in very hot water (but don’t overdo it, you won’t get burned!), and then try to pull the needle out.
• Regularly treat the wound with antiseptics and carefully monitor so that suppuration does not begin.

A local recipe is to lubricate the damaged area with olive oil (read cream or Vaseline) and gradually squeeze out the thorns. I tested it myself - IT WORKS!!!

Local pharmacies also sell special tweezers for pulling out sea urchin needles, as well as a special ointment. By the way, I recommend using it for any contact with biting or prickly sea inhabitants, and it also helps against mosquito and mosquito bites.

Danger -Jellyfish:

In third place in terms of the frequency of “natural problems” created in the Greek seas are jellyfish.
Almost never found in the Greek seas poisonous jellyfish(unless it accidentally sails from the Atlantic or the Red Sea), most of those you might come across sting no worse than nettles and the mucus they secrete is harmful only if it gets into your eyes. An encounter with a purple jellyfish is especially unpleasant - the thunderstorm of the Adriatic is called Pelagije nocticulice. When you see the purple back, it is better to go around the jellyfish.
Touching the jellyfish's tentacles causes a burn that will go away in a few days or weeks.

Prevention: Avoiding drifting nippers is almost impossible. But it is known for sure that they wash ashore after a storm. The special anti-jellyfish Israeli lotion SafeSea, which acts as a mosquito repellent or its analogue Bites Reliever, will help to avoid accidental contact.

What to do: Touching the tentacles of a jellyfish causes a burn, similar in appearance to nettles.

First, you need to remove the remnants of the tentacles from the skin; do not rinse the damaged area with water - neither salty nor fresh. Sea water will revive the withered stinging cells, and when fresh water hits them, they will burst, abundantly emitting poison. The affected area can be lubricated with food grade vinegar, alcohol, or a special “pencil” containing Bites Reliever ammonium. Subsequently, lubricate the affected area with a special Fusidin ointment (antibiotic). In particularly severe cases, an injection of anesthetic may be required.

Danger - Octopuses:

It’s only in the movies that huge octopuses attack people and sink ships. In fact, specimens larger than 3 meters long and weighing more than 30 kg are never found in the Mediterranean Sea. The real cephalopods that you may come across are undersized, up to 30 cm long and weighing up to 2 kilograms. At the same time they never They do not attack people and generally carefully hide from them. In case of an unexpected meeting, such a “giant” (if he could not escape) will only release an ink cloud and wave his tentacles threateningly - beware, they say!

How dangerous is an octopus for humans?

The scariest thing about a cephalopod is its appearance. By nature, he is very timid and when a diver or scuba diver approaches, he usually hides under rocks. True, cases of an octopus attacking a person are extremely rare. This can happen to a diver when inspecting the hold or cabin of a sunken ship where he is hiding cephalopod. He has nowhere to go and, in defense, involuntarily attacks the person. Therefore, inexperienced divers in places where octopuses are found should avoid grottoes and underwater caves, which usually serve as shelter for animals. There is a danger, although small, that, having entered such a cave, the diver will be caught by an octopus if its tentacles can stay on the smooth surface of the diving suit. Finding himself in such a situation, a scuba diver should not panic - he has a knife, and this is a fairly reliable weapon in case of an octopus attack. You should not start the fight by cutting off the tentacles. To quickly free yourself from the “embrace” of an octopus, scuba diving experts recommend striking its brain, located between the eyes. As long as the nerve center is not destroyed, the suckers and tentacles of the octopus will act, no matter what wounds are inflicted on it.

A more real danger is octopus venom. The octopus's mouth is equipped with two powerful chitinous jaws, shaped like a parrot's beak. With them, the cephalopod bites its prey, holding it with its suction cups. At the same time the poison salivary glands from the throat and mouth enters the wound. The beak bite leaves little damage, but since saliva prevents blood from clotting, bleeding can be quite prolonged. The severity of the lesion depends on the type of octopus and, apparently, on its size. The first signs of poisoning: stabbing pain and burning at the site of the bite. Subsequently, these sensations spread to the entire limb. The tissue around the wound swells. When the poison is absorbed into the blood, breathing becomes difficult, the voice weakens, and the body temperature rises. As a rule, recovery occurs within 3-4 weeks.

What to do: If you are bitten, call a doctor, and before he arrives, try simply urinating on the bite site. Don’t laugh - this time-tested remedy turns out to be very effective, well, at least it will help you avoid more serious consequences.

Video of Russian tourists communicating with octopuses:

Dangers: Fish:

Girls, that is, fish, come in different colors - yellow, white, red. Of the fish in the seas surrounding Greece, only the stingray is the most common ( catfish) which, although not particularly poisonous, is always ready to strike with its spiked tail - a lacerated wound with stuck needles and mild poisoning are guaranteed. The difficulty is that the stingray often buries itself in the sand and is easily mistaken for an ordinary pebble. Well, Scorpena, or sea ​​ruffe, is not at all pleasant, a meeting with which can put you in a hospital bed for several days... But the following fish, although much less common, can bring much bigger problems.

Sea dragons (Trachinus)

- bottom-dwelling fish with an elongated body, no more than 45 cm long. They belong to the family Trachinidae and are one of the most poisonous fish temperate zone. They live mainly in bays and bays with a flat sandy or muddy bottom and usually burrow into soft soil so that only top part heads, mouth, eyes and dorsal fin spines. Their lower jaw is longer than the upper, their mouth with small conical teeth is directed obliquely upward. Eyes on the top side of the head. These fish have two dorsal fins: the first is short, with 5-7 spines, the second dorsal and anal are long, with 21-24 rays each. When the baby dragon lies half-buried in the ground, this black fin is clearly visible at a considerable distance. If the fish is irritated, the gill covers spread out, the fin rises and unfolds, which serves as a warning to the predator. The little dragon can instantly jump out of its hiding place and, with unerring accuracy, plunge the poisoned spine of the gill cover into the intended object.
The long sharp spines of the gill covers and the first dorsal fin are covered with skin, only their tips protrude. The spines have deep grooves. Venom glands are located in these grooves and at the base of the spines. There is no channel for poison. Probably, when pricked by a thorn, the glandular cells are torn, the poison is released and introduced into the wound along the grooves, like a syringe needle. The venom of dragons is very strong. Like the venom of some snakes, it acts as a neurotoxin and hemotoxin. When pricked by a poisonous thorn, an excruciating, sharp, burning or stabbing pain occurs, which, without treatment, lasts for several hours or even the whole day. The affected limb becomes inflamed and very swollen. Other symptoms included loss of consciousness, palpitations, slow heart rate, fever, headaches, delirium, severe vomiting, convulsions, and difficulty breathing. In severe cases, death may occur. Morphine usually does not provide relief.
Due to their hidden lifestyle, aggressiveness and highly developed poisonous apparatus, dragonets are very dangerous for anyone who swims near the shore, dives or wanders barefoot in shallow water, for fishermen and amateur fishermen.
Never, under any circumstances, handle a live dragon. Even a dead dragon must be handled very carefully so as not to be pricked by its thorn, which can cause dangerous wounds.

By the way, according to local residents, the dragon may end up in the sand far from the shore. They get there in this way: seagulls catch them from the water, eat the tasty and safe parts, and throw the rest wherever necessary. Even dead fish, as mentioned above, remain poisonous for several more days.

What to do: If you receive a poisonous injection, you should immediately seek professional medical help. It is recommended to inject a few drops of a 5% solution of potassium permanganate into the wound with a syringe to destroy the poison. This provides immediate pain relief and prevents inflammation. If this was not done immediately and inflammation began, cooling lotions or hot poultices should be used. It may take several months for complete healing. The damaged part of the body must be immersed in as hot water as can be tolerated, and some oxidizing substance, for example, potassium permanganate, which neutralizes the poison, must be dissolved in the water. In addition, the victim is prescribed cardiac analeptics and adrenaline with cortisone.

Danger - environmental pollution:

And finally, environmental pollution. Although Greek beaches are considered among the cleanest in the world, this does not apply to all beaches. Many beaches - especially within the Athens metropolis, as well as near cities and towns - can pose a danger due to the presence of debris in the sand, broken glass and all kinds of sharp and cutting objects. If you or your loved ones are unlucky enough to cut your leg or other part of your body on the beach with glass, first make sure that there is no glass or other foreign object in the wound.
If not, then the wound needs to be treated: rinse with water, hydrogen peroxide (alcohol or alcohol-containing liquid), lubricate with iodine (in Greece it is called “Betadine”) and bandage.
If it bothers you greatly, go to the hospital. Maybe the doctors decide that a stitch is required.

Danger - Snakes:

There are far fewer dangers on land. There is only one in the country poisonous species snakes (viper, "fidi" in Greek), whose bites are easily countered by antivenin. Local scorpions ("scorpii") are nocturnal inhabitants and are rarely seen by tourists, but they love to sit on dry stone walls of houses and rocks, where daytime warmth persists for a long time. When walking on rough terrain with an abundance of bushes, you should wear boots with socks and long trousers and under no circumstances put your hands into cracks and holes.

Danger - Insects:

In some mountain forest areas there are a lot of ticks, so here measures to protect against them, however, like any other blood-sucking insects, will not be superfluous. IN Lately There is evidence that local ticks are infected with Lyme disease, but due to the small number of tourists in the interior of the country, there are still no reliable statistics on this matter.

Local mosquitoes ("kunupia", "kunupya") are not carriers of malaria, and traditional repellents are quite sufficient to protect against them - in most cases, window screens are not even required. However, when traveling through Aetolia, Acarnania, Thesprotia, the western regions of Elis and Attica, you should choose places to stay with screens on the windows and even doors. The more dangerous Asian mosquito (Aedes albopictus), which spreads several viruses at once, lives in some mountainous areas in the north and west of the country. Therefore, here, in addition to thicker clothing and nets on the windows, it is necessary to provide for the presence of repellents. Sand fleas, active at night on many beaches, can also spread leishmaniasis and other dangerous infections, but due to the small number of sandy beaches themselves, this danger is not very relevant (however, repellents are quite effective against them).

Bees and especially wasps, which are quite active from August to October, usually cause much more trouble. They curl around tables and glasses with liquid, get into your eyes, get hidden under motorcycle helmets, and are generally very annoying. There are no generally accepted means of protection against these insects, but the Greeks themselves quite effectively use the smoke of burning coffee beans or simply dried coffee grounds. To relieve pain from bites, it is better to use aspivenin, sold at any local pharmacy.

Danger - Flora:

There are practically no poisonous plants in the country, except for wild figs, the “milk” of which can cause moderate skin damage (can be countered with lemon juice followed by rubbing olive oil). But there are quite a few sources of allergens, starting from mountain pine (April-May) and ending with numerous cereals (from April to June). Local pharmacies sell a wide range of antihistamines, but it's best to carry a certain supply (especially if you don't know the local names of the medications).

My leg cramped Pinch your arm or leg as hard as you can, pressing very sharply and firmly into the cramp with your thumb. Try straightening your cramped leg with your hands. Inhale and exhale deeply several times to improve blood circulation.

How to avoid. Do not swim for long periods of time in cold water. When you get hot under the sun, do not dive straight into the water: a sharp temperature change provokes cramps.

Choked Most often, children swallow water involuntarily. Bend the baby over your knee so that the head is lower than the buttocks, tap on the back so that he clears his throat. If the child has lost a lot of strength, place him on his side.

How to avoid. Make sure the child stays on the surface of the water.

Sunstroke If a person suddenly felt unwell, a headache, lethargy appeared, and it became difficult to breathe - he overheated in the sun. The victim must be taken to the shade, covered with a wet towel or a cool compress on his head, and create a flow of air (fan him with a hat or newspaper). Then call " ambulance».

How to avoid. Relax in the shade of a tree or a beach umbrella, wear a hat, and drink still water. Most often, sunstroke affects children under one year old, people with cardiovascular and endocrine diseases, hypertensive patients and those who are overweight.

Poisoning The first signs are weakness and nausea, headache, diarrhea. You need to rinse your stomach by immediately drinking 2-3 liters of boiled water in quick sips. Then you need to induce vomiting. And so three or four times. If possible, consult your doctor. Calcium gluconate will strengthen the gastric mucosa and reduce allergic reaction(usually the drug is taken 3 times a day).

How to avoid. Pay attention to the expiration date of the product and the appearance of the establishment where you buy food.

Cut yourself on glass This is the most common injury among sea lovers. Rinse the cut with clean water; if you have vodka or cologne on hand, you can treat the wound with them. Then apply a clean bandage. To do this, it is better to have a bandage or at least a clean scarf with you.

How to avoid. Choose the “right” beach. If there is garbage and broken bottles on the shore, then the same thing will happen in the water. In unsafe places, do not walk barefoot and swim in special rubber slippers.

Banana ride This marine activity often becomes a source of injury. Sometimes "bananas" turn over, some "drivers" do this on purpose - without warning. On the beach, as a rule, people ride catamarans, jet skis, boats, etc. at the same time - collisions happen. Victims of water activities with fractures and wounds are often brought to resort hospitals.

How to avoid. Do not neglect your life jacket; fasten it carefully. If you are afraid of depth, then this entertainment is not for you.

Child safety rules
1. Never leave a child alone in the water.

2. Locate your resting place in the shade.

3. Buy your baby bright clothes, a Panama hat. In case of danger, you will quickly find your child.

4. Do not leave your child in a wet swimsuit to avoid catching a cold.

5. It is better to have inflatable rings with different inflatable sections - if one deflates, the others will keep the child afloat.

A little about medical care and rescue services in Greece.

Emergency phone number 112 or 199.
Remember, not available in Greece special service rescue, its functions are performed by local firefighters. Often they do not know or do not know how to provide first aid, since last years Almost everyone was recruited into this service. In any case, call 199 (112) and try to report (in English or Greek) that trouble has happened to you. If something happens, they will call an ambulance themselves.

Ambulance EKAB (ΕΚΑΒ)
Fire service - rescue service
Coast security
Road assistance
Air Police
Police - information
Drug Abuse Service
Forest guard
Lifeline (type of helpline) - SOS
Information about hospitals, clinics, doctors, and pharmacies
Tourist police
SOS Doctors (Athens)
Road assistance
Road assistance ΕΛΠΑ
Road assistance Εxpress Service
Road assistance Hellas Service
Interamerican Road Assistance

Perhaps this phrasebook will help you find mutual language with the doctor:

Theme "At the doctor's"
Στο γιατρό

I'm not feeling well	estAnume Ashima	Αισθάνομαι άσχημα
I'm sick	Ime Arostos(Arosta)	Είμαι άρρωστος (άρρωστη)
I need to go to the doctor	prEPi on pAO stoytO	Πρέπει να πάω στο γιατρό
Please give me the doctor's phone number or address	ParakalO, d'Oste mutotylEfono I yidEftynsi tu yatra	Παρακαλώ, δώστε μου το τηλέφωνο ή τη διεύθυνση του γιατρού
Please call a doctor (ambulance)	fonAkste, parakalO, tonyatrO (toastEnoforo)	Φωνάξτε, παρακαλώ, τον γιατρό (το ασθενοφόρο)
Invite a doctor home	zitYste naErty oyatrOs one hundred sleeps	Ζητήστε να έρθει ο γιατρός
Where can I find a doctor who speaks Ukrainian?	pu na vro toyatro pu milai ukranikA	Πού να βρω το γιατρό που μιλάει ουκρανικά;
Which doctor should I see?	Se pyo yatrO prEPi na pAO	Σε πιο γιατρό πρέπει να πάω;
Can I go to the doctor?	Boron on Bo standO	Μπορώ να μπω στο γιατρό;
Please wait a little	perimEnete ligAki, paracalO	Περιμένετε λιγάκι,παρακαλώ
Go to the office	perAste mEsa	Περάστε μέσα
What are you complaining about?	apo you ipoferete	Από τι υποφέρετε;
Tell me exactly where your pain is concentrated?	you sas poAi	Τι σας πονάει;
I don't feel well, I'm freezing	estAnome Ashima, estAnome rIgos	Αισθάνομαι άσχημα, αισθάνομαι ρίγος
What is your temperature?	you are a pirate O Ekhete	Τι πυρετό έχετε;
I have high temperature	Echo PirateO	Έχω πυρετό
I feel dizzy	HallIzome	Ζαλίζομαι
My ____ hurts...	me ponAi...	Με πονάει .
head throat heart stomach	t okefali mu olemOs ikardya toastAkhi	το κεφάλι μου ο λαιμός η καρδιά το στομάχι
I have a (severe) cough	Echo (dynato) in Ikha	"Έχω (δυνατό) βήχα
I got food poisoning	Epata dyilityrIasi	Έπαθα δηλητηρίαση
I'm sick	mu Erhete emetOs	Μου έρχεται εμετός
Have you been sick for a long time?	apo kero iste arostos	Από καιρό είστε άρρωστος;
When did you feel unwell?	pote estantiykate Ashima	Πότε αισθανθήκατε άσχημα;
This night, Last night a week ago	sImera tynIkhta htES tovrAdy prin myavd'omAd'a	Σήμερα Τη νύχτα Χτες το βράδυ Πριν μια βδομάδα
Have you turned white recently?	prosfata Ikhate kapya arostya	Πρόσφατα είχατε κάποια αρρώστια;

• Telephones: first aid, emergency services, road assistance
• Embassies and consulates of countries former USSR in Greece

Many of our compatriots like to relax on the Mediterranean coast, in Greece, Italy, Croatia, Spain, Montenegro, Cyprus, Sardinia and others wonderful places, where there is a lot of sun, sea, and beautiful scenery.

But few tourists suspect what troubles can await them in the waters of this warm, gentle and, at first glance, safe sea. However, this is far from the case, and it is quite possible to turn such a long-awaited and pleasant vacation into unpleasant, painful torment if you do not know what kind of troubles you can encounter in the waters of this sea. After all, a very dangerous fauna for humans exists and thrives in it, which can not only undermine his health, but in some cases lead to death. Dangerous fauna of the Mediterranean Sea , can wait for you on the beach, while diving or fishing. But if a person knows where to expect danger and who can be its carrier, the chances of getting into an unpleasant situation are significantly reduced.

Fireworm

It has a very picturesque appearance, the body of this creature consists of a large number of segments with bright orange-red color. Each segment has a certain number of bristles. The length of the fire worm is 30-40 cm. If you disturb the worm, it releases its bristles that dig into your body, and you get a burn similar to a nettle burn.

These creatures are very slow and do not attack anyone first. There are quite a lot of them on the beaches, especially wild ones. Therefore, it is not recommended to walk on water barefoot, but to wear special rubber slippers. However, of all the dangerous inhabitants of the Mediterranean Sea, they are perhaps the least dangerous, and certainly the slowest. Simply put, when you meet this beautiful creature, do not try to pick it up or step on it.

Anemones (anemones)

Dangerous inhabitants of the Mediterranean Sea are very diverse. They can be fish and algae, mollusks and arthropods. Sea anemones are widespread along almost the entire Mediterranean coast. They can grow in colonies or singly. It looks like a completely harmless algae. Often found in the surf, touching them evokes feelings similar to a nettle sting, but this soon goes away, however, these algae can give you a few unpleasant minutes.

Sea urchins

Sea urchins especially cause problems for tourists on the beaches of the island of Cyprus. More than everyone else dangerous inhabitants Mediterranean Sea combined. Sea urchins often form numerous clusters on rocks with inclined planes. Vacationers going ashore or simply wandering over rocks in the water often run the risk of grabbing a hedgehog with their hand or stepping on it with their foot. Of course, in this case you can get hurt and the pain can be noticeable, fortunately, there are no poisonous hedgehogs in Cyprus. It’s also good that there are practically no hedgehogs on sandy and pebble beaches; they are found among the stones in the breakwaters.

Jellyfish

In the Mediterranean Sea, the only jellyfish that poses a danger to humans is the Portuguese man-of-war. Externally, this jellyfish looks like a soap bubble with tentacles. Its swim bladder is brightly colored and looks like the sail of an old Portuguese ship. Burns from this jellyfish can cause severe pain and are characterized by the appearance of blisters on the skin and enlarged lymph nodes. In approximately 30% of cases, after a burn from this jellyfish, people are hospitalized. The Portuguese man-of-war lives off the coast of Spain, Portugal and France. Many people suffer from being hit by a Portuguese man-of-war because of their curiosity, having sailed to close quarters approaching this jellyfish, a person risks falling within the reach of its poisonous tentacles. This jellyfish with its poison is capable of killing fish 2-3 times its size.

Moray

A predatory fish belonging to the eel family. Not much more than 200 species of this predatory fish live in the world's oceans. It has a snake-like body, reminiscent of the body of an eel. Mediterranean moray eels are not very large, the maximum length of these fish is about 1.5 meters, and their weight is 8-12 kg. But mostly individuals weighing 4-6 kg and about 1 meter long predominate.

Such a negative attitude towards the moray eel has developed because of its appearance. A snake-like monster with a mouth studded with sharp teeth is unlikely to cause anyone positive emotions. There are many terrible rumors about the bloodthirstiness of this predator, which, however, are 90% untrue.

And although this fish is very voracious and curious, it is never the first to attack people. She can only attack when she is defending herself or when she is wounded. For ordinary people relaxing on the beach, it is not dangerous.

It poses a great danger to diving enthusiasts when they invade its territory and try to get to know it better. Some even try to touch it, without knowing anything about the habits of the moray eel. Inexperienced fishermen also often suffer from moray eel teeth. Having caught a fish on a fishing rod and not knowing how to handle it correctly, they try to remove it from the hook, and at this time it can quite seriously injure the fisherman. So, when they go to catch moray eels, they take a special mallet with them. A caught moray eel is hit on the head with a mallet and only when the fish is immobilized is it removed from the hook.

Sharks

Today in the Mediterranean Sea, sharks do not pose a particular danger, especially off its European coast. However, off the coast of Egypt or Tunisia you can find such dangerous predator like a white shark, reaching a length of up to 6 meters. Just as dangerous is the tiger shark, which is still occasionally found in Mediterranean waters. It is as big as a white shark and weighs about 900 kg.

The mako shark is no less dangerous, although it is smaller than the two previous monsters, its length is 4 meters, and its weight can reach 0.5 tons. But this shark is very fast and sharp. However, today in the Mediterranean Sea today it is necessary to protect sharks from people, and not vice versa.

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Dividing the three parts of the world

The Mediterranean Sea washes the shores of three parts of the world at once: Europe, Asia and Africa. It extends deep into the land, connecting with the Atlantic Ocean only through the narrow and rather shallow Strait of Gibraltar. The Mediterranean Sea is very deep. Its average depth is 1541 m, and its maximum is 5121 m. In the Mediterranean Sea itself, there are inland seas separated from each other by islands. The Mediterranean Sea includes the Tyrrhenian, Adriatic, Ionian, Aegean seas and the Mediterranean Sea itself. Sometimes these seas are divided into even smaller parts. Thus, the narrow part of the Mediterranean Sea near the Strait of Gibraltar is called the Alboran Sea; the zone between the coast of Spain and the island of Sardinia is divided into the Balearic and Sardinian seas.

The northern part of the Tyrrhenian Sea is called the Ligurian Sea, part Aegean Sea near the island of Crete - by the Cretan Sea; The part of the Mediterranean Sea between Turkey and Africa is called the Levant Sea. But these names are not generally accepted. The Mediterranean Sea basin includes the Marmara, Black and Sea of ​​Azov, separated from the Mediterranean Sea and from each other by narrow straits. All these seas are fragments of the ancient Tethys Ocean.

Weak connection with the Atlantic, a special climate with mild winters and hot summers, increased water salinity due to strong evaporation and weak river flow fresh water formed a separate Mediterranean fauna.

Although mostly Mediterranean marine fauna comes from the Atlantic, many inhabitants of the Mediterranean Sea are not found in other Atlantic seas. Of the 550 species of fish that inhabit this sea, 70 are endemic, i.e. are not found anywhere else. The Mediterranean Sea is very poor in phyto- and zooplankton. There are very few species for which plankton is the main food. Accordingly, species that feed on planktivorous organisms are also small in number.

Sharks of the Mediterranean Sea

Created for sharks in the Mediterranean Sea ideal conditions existence - water of excellent composition and temperature, availability of food supply. The species composition of sharks living in the Mediterranean Sea is very diverse and includes more than 40 species, of which 15 can be considered actually or potentially dangerous to humans.
And if you consider that every year countries with access to the shores of the Mediterranean Sea are visited by millions of tourists, it is quite clear that encounters between people and sharks are not uncommon here. The situation with the safety of tourists is aggravated by the fact that none of the countries visited by tourists and who have a decent income from this advertise the danger of encountering these predators on their beaches, so as not to scare away the cash flow.

In fairness, it should be noted that in the Mediterranean basin, despite the significant number of sharks, very few cases of attacks on people are recorded in comparison with other shark-dangerous regions of the planet. Thus, over the last hundred years, 21 fatal cases of shark attacks on humans have been recorded in the Mediterranean Sea. In total, about 260 such attacks were recorded. If you compare these figures with the statistics of attacks in countries such as the USA or Australia, or even in the Red Sea basin, you can understand that this is not much, although, of course, each such case is a human tragedy .

Which sharks that live in the waters of this beautiful sea can be considered dangerous to meet?
Here is the list.

Great white shark (Carcharodon carcharias) It is not often found here, especially in recent years, when the population of most shark species has sharply declined due to intensive commercial fishing (fins, meat). But you can still meet this formidable predator if you are diving in the coastal waters of the sea. In 1992, one of the famous Italian film directors died from the teeth of a huge six-meter white shark in the Mediterranean Sea. More than once these underwater predators have been spotted in the Adriatic Sea, for example, off the coast of Montenegro. Spanish beaches have been closed more than once due to the appearance of sharks. As you probably understand, this shark is not an object for jokes or entertainment.

Tiger shark (Galeocerdo cuvieri), reaching a length of 6 meters and weighing 900 kg, is considered one of the most dangerous shark species for humans. I don't think you should flirt with a tiger shark when meeting it underwater.

Oceanic longfin (or longtip) shark (Carcharhinus longimanus) can reach 4 m in length and weigh more than 160 kg. When meeting swimmers, it behaves boldly, can circle around the diver for a long time, and easily falls into a feeding frenzy, characteristic of many species of sharks. Considered extremely dangerous.
In December 2010, in the neighboring Red Sea, 5 people were injured from the bite of this type of shark in just a few days, and there was a case with a fatal outcome. Very dangerous!

Mako shark (Isurus oxyrhinchus)- champion in speed among sharks, reaches up to 4 meters in length and weighs more than half a ton. It belongs to the category of very dangerous shark species for humans, due to its size and aggressive nature.

Basking hammerhead shark (Sphyrna mokarran)- can reach a length of more than 6 meters and weigh about half a ton. IN different regions On the planet, quite a lot of cases of aggression of these sharks towards people have been recorded, so it is ranked among the ten most dangerous sharks. It should be noted, however, that these predatory fish have not been seen in the waters of the Mediterranean Sea for a long time. Apparently, they visit these places that are fertile for people too rarely, or have even completely lost interest in them. Be that as it may, for several years now there has been no information about encounters with giant hammerhead sharks in the Mediterranean Sea.

Bull shark (Carcharhinus leucas), which is found in many regions of the planet, also chose the Mediterranean Sea for its existence. For a person, an encounter with this shark is very dangerous; it is one of the ten most dangerous species, and according to some experts, it is considered the most dangerous shark for humans.

The Mediterranean Sea is home to a large variety of reef sharks, some of which can pose a serious threat to humans gray reef shark (Carcharhinus amblyrhychos) reaching a length of 2.6 m and weighing up to 34 kg. It has a reputation as one of the most curious and aggressive sharks, often swimming towards divers. It may bite those who are too annoying.

K potentially dangerous sharks, living in the Mediterranean Sea, can be considered the sand shark (Odontaspis taurus), sevengill shark (Hexanchiformes), blacktip shark (C.melanopterus), blue shark (Prionace glauca), lemon (yellow) shark (Negaprion brevirostris), silky shark (Carcharhinus falciformis) and some other sharks that reach more than 2 meters in length.
After all, it is known that one should be wary of anyone sea ​​predator, if its size is comparable to that of a human.

As I have already noted, a person represents much more to sharks great danger than a shark is to a person. Millions of sharks killed annually for their fins, skin, meat, or even just for fun, have significantly affected the numbers of these fish in all regions of the planet.
The Mediterranean Sea is no exception.
It should be added to this that the waters of the Mediterranean Sea are constantly polluted by human waste, which is also a kind of mortal scourge for sharks, and not only for them.
According to an expert from the Central Institute for Marine Research, Silvestro Greco, sharks can only survive in very clean water, Interfax writes. If the current rate of pollution in the Mediterranean continues, in 15 years the water will be too dirty for them.
Considering that the shark is an indispensable representative of the ecosystem of the world's oceans, the disappearance or even a significant decrease in their numbers will lead to an environmental disaster.